UNIT 2 Improving yourself
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2025·岳阳二模）Billions of people deal with a nail-biting habit at some point in their lives.Many will go to great lengths to try to stop.And while not all of us are nail-biters， most of us do have a habit we’d like to kick.So what’s the best way to break one？
Research shows that intentions alone often fail to lead to long-term behavior change.This isn’t to say you can’t break a habit.Rather， by understanding the basis of habits， you can create better plans for changing them.For example， we know habits are often affected by environments and routines.Lying in bed may cause you to endlessly scroll through your phone， or watching TV on the couch may lead you to grab a sugary snack.
One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of day.Then try to modify them by changing your routine or creating obstacles that make it more difficult to perform the habit in that space.Moving， switching jobs， or even starting a new schedule， are particularly great times to break a habit or build a new one.
One 2005 study tracked university students’ exercising， reading， and TV-watching habits before and after they transferred schools.When students were no longer around old environments and routines， their habits， even the strong ones， significantly changed.
For behaviors like nail-biting， a practice called habit reversal training can be helpful.Developed by psychologists in the 1970s， the aim is to change a habit by replacing it with another one that’s less detrimental.The training requires you to analyze and understand your habit cues， so you can effectively step in at the right times.For example， if you tend to bite your nails at work， keep a fidget toy at your desk in advance.Then， if a stressful email comes in， use the toy when you feel the urge to bite your nails.
Breaking a habit takes time， so remember to give yourself grace and have patience through the process.
1.Why does the author mention “a nail-biting habit” in Paragraph 1？（ ）
A.To make a comparison. B.To make a conclusion.
C.To introduce the topic. D.To attract readers’ attention.
2.What is the best way to help us control our action？（ ）
A.Having intentions alone. B.Understanding the basis of habits.
C.Making practical plans. D.Adapting to the environments or times.
3.What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 5 probably mean？（ ）
A.Harmful. B.Helpful.
C.Annoying. D.Time-consuming.
4.Which of the following is the best title for the text？（ ）
A.Difficulties in Dealing With Nail-biting B.Significance of Habit Reversal Training
C.Useful Tips on Getting Rid of a Habit D.Necessity of Having Grace and Patience
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2025·六安模拟）
More Parental Investment Slower Children’s Growth
Are teenagers less likely to participate in activities associated with adulthood because they’re busier with homework and extra-curricular activities？ Researchers found that time spent on homework and extra-curricular activities has declined among 10th graders.It’s remained relatively steady among 12th graders.5.（ ） This might account for some of the changes.In fact， one documentary labeled today’s teens as “screenagers”.Greater parental investment leads to teens growing up more slowly because parents supervise children and teens more carefully and organize their activities.
The study researchers also found an association between a slower developmental trajectory and smaller family size， higher parental age at first birth， and higher median income.With fewer children and more money， parents can invest more time and resources in their kids.6.（ ） There are also economic factors.With shifts in the economy， more people go to college and are dependent on their parents for longer.7.（ ） 18-to 29-years-olds spend more time getting educated， marrying later， and having children later than previous generations.
8.（ ） On the upside， teens are less likely to engage in risky behaviors.They’re more likely to wait until they’re ready to participate in adult activities.9.（ ） Today’s students may be sharp academically， but they often have trouble with basics like time management， making their own decisions and leading independent lives.
A.There are benefits and drawbacks to the decline in adult activities among adolescents.
B.It helps children enjoy a life with more material richness.
C.On the other hand， Internet usage has increased.
D.This may allow them to follow a slower developmental path.
E.On the downside， it poses an obstacle to teens’ all-round development.
F.More money is needed to cover their education.
G.That also gives rise to more careful parenting with the idea that education will last longer.
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2025·浙江联考）“Keep staring！ I might do a 10 ！” That’s the message on a T-shirt of mine.
People stare at me all the time so I thought this shirt would be funny.See， I’m a dwarf （侏儒）.Most of the time people aren’t trying to be 11 .They just haven’t seen many dwarfs like me before.I can 12 that， but I also want to let them know that I see them staring.
I was born with achondroplasia （软骨发育不全）， the most 13 form of dwarfism.Right now， I am almost four feet tall and that’s 14 as tall as I’m going to get.
I’m not going to pretend my height isn’t a 15 .Light switches and 16 are usually too high for me.It takes me almost three steps to 17 one step of an average size adult and my mom has to shorten almost all of my 18 .
But everyone faces challenges.You have to face them with a good attitude.So， I have a long barbecue fork to 19 things from shelves and drive a car with the help of pedal 20 .If all else fails， I ask for things.The way I see it， I can do just about 21 that an average size person can do.I’ll never play professional sports， but I have no problem 22 my limits.It may take me longer and it may be harder， but I can still do it.
My shirt shows people the 23 me — a kid with a sense of humor.And maybe that’s the trick showing others that I’m just like them.I’m just shorter， but I’m 24 of who I am.
10.（ ）A.favor B.bet C.trick D.survey
11.（ ）A.rude B.nice C.indifferent D.hospitable
12.（ ）A.avoid B.evaluate C.appreciate D.object
13.（ ）A.common B.special C.scary D.outstanding
14.（ ）A.hardly B.particularly C.awfully D.practically
15.（ ）A.challenge B.symbol C.milestone D.barrier
16.（ ）A.stars B.ceilings C.counters D.ladders
17.（ ）A.break away from B.keep up with C.draw back D.bring along
18.（ ）A.legs B.steps C.pants D.distance
19.（ ）A.pull down B.pick up C.drag along D.stab into
20.（ ）A.brakes B.extensions C.devices D.stands
21.（ ）A.something B.little C.anything D.enough
22.（ ）A.adjusting B.changing C.perfecting D.testing
23.（ ）A.tall B.different C.strong D.real
24.（ ）A.ashamed B.aware C.capable D.proud
UNIT 2 Improving yourself
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些改变习惯的方法。1.C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段以“咬指甲”这个坏习惯为例引出文章主题，即如何改掉习惯。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of day.可知，管理行为最好的方法之一是确定时间或地点，即适应环境或时间。
3.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文的例子可知，如果收到一封压力大的电子邮件时，当你感到想要咬指甲时，就使用这个玩具，这种危害性较小的行为来代替咬指甲这种习惯，即通过一种危害性较小的习惯来取代或者改变原有的习惯。由此可知，detrimental意为“有害的”，和harmful意思相近。
4.C 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了如何改变习惯，包括了环境和常规的影响，以及一些有效的方法。因此，C项（改掉一个习惯的有用方法）作文章标题最佳。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述父母对孩子投入越多，孩子成熟越缓慢这一现象，并分析原因和说明利弊。5.C 根据上文可知，这里分析孩子参加大人的活动越来越少的原因，10年级的学生花在作业和课外活动的时间事实上减少了，12年级的孩子基本不变。C项（另一方面，互联网的使用增加了）符合语境，C项中的On the other hand体现了increased和declined，steady的对比。
6.D 根据上文可知，孩子越少，经济条件越好，父母对孩子投入的时间和资源就越多。D项（这可能会让他们遵循一个较慢的发展道路）符合语境。D项中的This指代上一句内容。
7.G 根据上下文可知，本段讲的是由于经济上依赖的原因，教育经历持续时间越长，孩子对父母的依赖就越久，结婚、生孩子都会推迟，G项（这也导致了教育将持续更长时间的想法，使父母更加谨慎）符合语境。G项中longer和上文的longer相呼应。
8.A 结合本空的位置可知，本空为段落主旨句。根据下文On the upside ...participate in adult activities.以及Today’s students may be ...and leading independent lives.可知，A项（青少年成人活动的减少有利有弊）符合语境。
9.E 根据下文可知，此处分析孩子成熟变缓的缺点。E项（不利的一面是，它阻碍了青少年的全面发展）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者患有侏儒症，但是他本人坚强、幽默，不断通过自身的努力去完成一个正常身高的人完成的任何事情。
10.C 根据最后一段的that’s the trick可知，作者T恤上的标语是：“继续盯着！我可能会变个戏法！”
11.A 根据下文They just haven’t seen many dwarfs like me before.可知，人们盯着作者看，并不是故意表现得这么粗鲁的，他们只是之前没有见过很多像作者一样的侏儒。
12.C 根据上文语境可知，作者内心理解大家为什么会一直盯着自己看，但他也想让他们知道他看到他们盯着看了。
13.A 根据上文I was born with achondroplasia和常识可知，作者天生患有软骨发育不全，这是最常见的侏儒症。
14.D 上文讲作者患有侏儒症。作者现在几乎有四英尺高，那几乎就是作者以后能达到的高度。
15.A 根据下文Light switches and 16 are usually too high for me.和常识可知，身高在作者的生活中确实带来了挑战。
16.C 根据and可知，空处与Light switches均是作者列举的生活中由于身高而面临的挑战。再结合上文I am almost four feet tall和选项可知，电灯开关和柜台对作者来说通常都太高了。
17.B 作者几乎四英尺高，因此一般成人走一步，作者需要走约三步才能跟得上。
18.C 作者有侏儒症，所以母亲需要把他几乎所有的裤子都裁短。
19.A 根据语境可知，作者患有侏儒症，应是用长长的烧烤叉将东西从架子上拉下来。
20.B 通过延长的踏板，作者可以开车了。
21.C 上文描述了作者一直在不断尝试解决各种生活问题。由此可知，在作者眼中，他基本上可以做一个正常身高的人能做的任何事。
22.D 根据I’ll never play professional sports可知，作者不会去参加职业运动，但是测试自己的极限是没问题的。
23.D 根据第一段第一句可知，作者衣服上的文字展示了真正的自己——一个具有幽默感的孩子。
24.D 此处前后分句之间是转折关系，表示虽然作者较矮，但作者为自己感到骄傲。
3 / 3Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
（rely） on social media not only occupies most of the time of teenagers but also distracts their attention.It’s appropriate for social media detox organisations （clarify） its harm.How to reduce the reliance on social media？ Firstly， whenever you have access social media， go to do some sports or listen to music to switch your attention. Secondly， you can also give yourself a vision for the future and invest in worthy wealth management. In a word， joining these activities constantly will make you considerate and think （objective） about money. 微技能热身 1.①处作主语，应填 。 2.②处所在句子中，It为形式主语，应填 。 3.③处应填 ，构成固定短语。 4.④处修饰动词think，应填 。
rely v. （为生活或生存而）依赖
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷） The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a （rely） weekly supply of fresh greens.
②When I have trouble in falling asleep， I rely sleeping pills， which can relieve my sleeplessness.
【写美】 一句多译
③当人们遇到困难时，他们可以依靠慈善机构为他们提供一些及时的援助。
→When people are in trouble， they can .（rely on/upon sb/sth to do）
→When people are in trouble， they can .（rely on/upon it that ...）
【归纳】
（1）rely on 依靠，依赖
rely on/upon sb for ... 依靠某人获得……
rely on/upon sb to do sth 指望/依赖某人做某事
rely on/upon it that ... 相信/指望……（it作形式宾语，that从句为真正的宾语）
（2）reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的
reliability n. 可靠性
【佳句】 When preparing for an important exam， you had better not always rely on it that the teacher will give you all the key points. （建议信）
当准备一场重要考试时，你最好不要总是指望老师会把所有重点都给你。
【点津】 rely on的同义短语有depend on/upon，count on/upon等。
occupy v. 占用，占去（时间）；使忙于；任职
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I suppose I am looking for an （occupy） which motivates me to be positive.
②This man was so much （occupy） that he did not even raise his head at the little prince’s arrival.
【写美】 句式升级
③Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn， they spared no time to play around.
→ ， they spared no time to play around.（动词-ing形式作状语）
→ ， they spared no time to play around.（过去分词短语作状语）
【归纳】
（1）occupy oneself with sth/（in） doing sth某人忙于（做）某事
（2）occupied adj. 忙于；已占用的
keep sb occupied 使某人忙碌
be occupied with （doing） sth/（in） doing sth 忙于（做）某事
（3）occupation n. 工作；职业；占领
【佳句】 Occupied with our study， we rarely visited our beloved grandparents， only calling them occasionally.（情景描写）
由于忙于学习，我们很少去看望我们亲爱的祖父母，只是偶尔给他们打个电话。
【联想】 表示“忙于做某事”的表达还有：
①be busy doing sth ②be busy with sth
③be engaged in doing sth
access n.接触的机会；通道，入口；机会，权利 v.进入；使用；获取（尤指电脑数据）
【练通】 语境辨义/单句语法填空
①Many stations have wheelchair access from the entrance to the platforms.
②As cities balloon with growth， access nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.
③（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Emmanuel Chappard， an experienced guide， has a passion for making the great outdoors （access） to all.
【写美】 微写作
④鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到中国文化。 （建议信）
Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture， I suggest you apply for Peking University， where you can .
【归纳】
（1）access to 接近……的机会；进入……的权利
have/get/obtain/gain access to 拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入；可以使用
give access to 准许进入/接近
（2）accessible adj. 可接近的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的
be accessible to 可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的
【佳句】 （译林必修三）One of the greatest advantages of the Internet lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information.
互联网的最大好处之一就是能（让人）快速、轻易地获取大量信息。
【助记】 Our school stadium is accessible to all the students， and we can get access to it when taking exercise. （告知信）
所有学生都可以使用校体育馆，我们锻炼时能使用它。
No access to the computer （give） to Jim before.However， （promote） his study， his father bought a computer for him.From then on， he relied on the computer for everything.Unfortunately， his health broke for being addicted to playing computer games.From this matter， we should learn to motivate teenagers to objectively look on the computer as a tool and use it appropriately.I do hope he can step away from computer games， equip himself with more knowledge and be a （use） person to the society.Whether he goes to do sports or listens to music is a good way to get rid of his addiction. 微技能热身 1.①处考查动词的时态和语态，应填 。 2.②处作目的状语，应填 。 3.③处应填 ，构成固定短语。 4.④处修饰名词person，应用形容词，故填 。
equip v.使有知识和技能，使能够胜任；配备；装备；使有所准备；使有能力
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2024·全国甲卷） Doctors see up to 150 patients every day.The train’s （equip） allows for basic checkups.
②A good education will equip our children （prepare） for their future lives.
【写美】 句式升级
③My English teacher is equipped with rich knowledge， so he is very popular among us.
→ ， my English teacher is very popular among us.（非谓语动词作状语）
【归纳】
（1）equip ...with ... 用……装备……
equip sb for （doing） sth/to do sth 使某人为（做）某事而准备；使某人具备（做）某事的条件
be equipped with 配备有……（表状态）
（2）equipment n. [U]设备，器材；配备，装备
a piece of equipment 一件设备
【佳句】 In order to make my dream come true， equipping myself with sufficient knowledge is really important.（情感描写）
为了让我梦想成真，用足够的知识武装自己真的很重要。
句型公式：whether ...or ...引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】 Whether you want to help out a friend， give money to an animal charity or to children in another country， it’s your money to give to whatever cause you believe in.
无论你是想要接济朋友，为动物慈善机构捐款，或是救助另一个国家的孩子，这都是你的钱， 你可以把它捐给任何你相信的事业。
【写美】 微写作
①无论他们在比赛中是赢还是输，都改变不了他们已经极其刻苦训练的事实。
does not change the fact that they have trained extremely hard.
②无论你是学理科还是文科，你都需要努力学习才能成功。 （建议信）
， you need to work diligently to succeed.
【归纳】
（1）whether ...or ...意为“不管……是否……，不管是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句作主语或宾语。
（2）whether之后可接动词不定式。
【佳句】 I am sure we will see each other again soon， whether here or in Shanghai. （邀请信）
不管是在这儿还是在上海，我确信我们很快又会见面的。
【点津】 whether还可用于whether ...or not结构。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.promote
A.v.宣传，推广 B.v.促销
C.v.促进，增进 D.v.晋升，提升
（1）（2024·1月浙江卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities， that’s what they’ll promote.
（2）Devoting herself to education， our teacher has been promoted to headmaster.
（3）Protecting the environment will promote a country’s economic development.
（4）The poet is travelling around the country to promote his new poem book.
2.词义猜测
（1）His vision of the future is one where humans and robots coexist peacefully.
（2）The profile of the mountain range provided an amazing view of the surrounding landscape.
（3）The manager asked us to list all the items involved in the task and estimate the time required for each.
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2023·1月浙江卷） With gas prices rising and airport （secure） lines snaking longer than ever， why not book your next domestic vacation on a train？
2.There’s been a significant （invest） of time and energy in order to make the project a success.
3.With the temperature rising to 37℃， all the students are strongly resistant to switching the air conditioner.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.We （错过了末班车） and didn’t have any money for taxi， so we had to walk home.（情景描写）
2.At first， I thought it was a bad idea， but （仔细一想） I realised she was right. （心理描写）
3.After running two miles of the marathon， Andy and Jessica decided to （认输）.
4.I am confident that I can （说服我的同学们参与到这个有意义的活动中来） as well.
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
劝慰信——帮助外国好友戒除网瘾
假定你是李华，你的外国好友Steven沉迷于网络，导致成绩下降。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，帮助他戒除网瘾，内容包括：
1.表示安慰；
2.说明网瘾的危害；
3.介绍戒除网瘾的方法。
第一步 练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.很抱歉听到你因为沉迷于互联网而导致成绩下降。（addiction）
2.不要担心，我是来帮忙的。
3.网瘾确实有害。平均来说，它会分散你学习时的注意力，使你难以集中精神。（average， distract）
4.它还占据了你可以用来学习的大部分时间。（take up）
5.要摆脱这种状况，首先，说服自己定期远离屏幕。（persuade， step away from）
6.当事情变得艰难时，不要放弃。（throw in the towel）
7.设定目标来激励自己。（motivate）
8.限制自己接触互联网的时间，并充分利用时间，投身于其他有意义的事情，比如阅读或运动。（access， make full use of， occupy）
第二步 组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Steven，
Yours，
Li Hua
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 动作描写：motivate， occupy， distract， throw in the towel， rely on， spit， promote， clarify， max out， equip
人物描写：considerate， in contrast to， objectively
美句 ①I bet you’re as eager as I am to find out just how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days！（情感描写） ②I felt like I had lost an arm！ （比喻句） ③I’m embarrassed to say that I threw in the towel on the first day！ （情感描写）
动作描写之“笑”（一）
词汇 美句
单词 smile， laugh， giggle ①（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet.I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bank card. 就在那时，我意识到我的钱包里一分钱现金都没有。我一边抱歉地对他微笑，一边掏出了我的葡萄牙银行卡。 ②（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷） When I handed in the essay to my teacher， he read it， laughed out loud， and said， “Great.Now， write it again.” （情感描写） 当我把文章交给老师时，他读了之后大声笑了出来，然后说：“很好。现在，再写一遍。”
短语 a big/broad/wide/bright smile， smile and wink， smiling face， force/manage a smile，flash a bright smile， crack a smile
情境导语 珍妮的妈妈总是鼓励她追求艺术。她相信珍妮有天赋，会在绘画方面大有作为……
第一步 完成句子
1.15岁的珍妮嘴角挂着灿烂的笑容，跑到妈妈屋里炫耀她的新画作。
， 15-year-old Jenny rushed to her mom’s room to show off her new painting. （with复合结构）
2.她妈妈停下来朝她微笑。
Her mother . （分词作定语）
3.这幅美丽的画作让她的妈妈激动不已，笑容满面。
Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting， . （并列句）
4.她笑着朝珍妮眨了眨眼：“珍妮，你画得真好，我相信有一天你会成为一名著名的画家。我真为你骄傲。”
， “Jenny， you paint really well. I’m sure you will be a famous painter one day. I’m so proud of you.” （简单句）
5.当珍妮想象着自己成了一名画家时，她面露喜色，咧嘴笑了。
When Jenny pictured herself becoming a painter， . （简单句）
6.她带着灿烂的笑容，满怀期待地奔向她的卧室。
，she hurried to her bedroom with great expectations. （分词作状语）
第二步 连句成文
UNIT 2 Improving yourself
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身] 1.Relying 2.to clarify 3.to
4.objectively
1.①reliable ②on/upon
③rely on/upon charities to offer them some timely aid； rely on/upon it that charities can offer them some timely aid
2.①occupation ②occupied
③Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn； Occupied in making and selling popcorn
3.①n.通道 ②to ③accessible
④have/get/obtain/gain access to the Chinese culture
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身] 1.had been given 2.to promote 3.down
4.useful
4.①equipment ②to prepare
③Equipped with rich knowledge
5.①Whether they win the game or lose it
②Whether you major in science or arts
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）B （2）D （3）C （4）A
2.（1）n.构想，设想 （2）n.轮廓 （3）n.项目
维度二
Ⅰ.1.security 2.investment 3.off
Ⅱ.1.missed out the last bus
2.on reflection
3.throw in the towel
4.persuade my classmates to join this meaningful activity
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.I’m sorry to hear that your grades have dropped because of your addiction to the Internet.
2.Don’t worry， I’m here to help.
3.Internet addiction can be really harmful.On average， it distracts you from studies， making it hard to focus.
4.It also takes up much of your time that could be used for learning.
5.To break free， first， persuade yourself to step away from the screen regularly.
6.Don’t throw in the towel when it’s tough.
7.Set goals to motivate yourself.
8.Limit your access to the Internet， and make full use of time to get occupied with other meaningful things like reading or sports.
第二步
Dear Steven，
I’m sorry to hear that your grades have dropped because of your addiction to the Internet.Don’t worry， I’m here to help.
Internet addiction can be really harmful.On average， it distracts you from studies， making it hard to focus.It also takes up much of your time that could be used for learning.
To break free， first， persuade yourself to step away from the screen regularly.Don’t throw in the towel when it’s tough.Set goals to motivate yourself.Limit your access to the Internet， and make full use of time to get occupied with other meaningful things like reading or sports.
Yours，
Li Hua
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.With a broad smile on her lips
2.stopped to turn a smiling face to her
3.and a bright smile spread over her face
4.She smiled and winked at Jenny
5.her face lit up and lips curved in a smile
6.Smiling widely
第二步
With a broad smile on her lips， 15-year-old Jenny rushed to her mom’s room to show off her new painting. Her mother stopped to turn a smiling face to her. Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting， and a bright smile spread over her face. She smiled and winked at Jenny， “Jenny， you paint really well. I’m sure you will be a famous painter one day. I’m so proud of you.” Happily， when Jenny pictured herself becoming a painter， her face lit up and lips curved in a smile. Smiling widely， she hurried to her bedroom with great expectations.(共105张PPT)
UNIT 2 Improving yourself
高中总复习·英语 (外研版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. in our school district 在我们的学区
2. wear all necessary items 戴上所有必要的物品
3. the deadline for applications 提交申请书的截止日期
4. clarify the present position 阐明目前的立场
5. appropriate dress 穿着得体
6. ①switch off your mobile phone before boarding
在登机前关掉你的手机
②nodd and switch to English 点了点头，换成了英语
③find the switch for the front lights 找到前灯的开关
语境记忆
7. promote v.促进，增进；推销；提升；晋升
It can promote students to develop practical skills， strong will， unity
and cooperation of good quality.
它能促进学生培养实践技能、意志坚强、团结合作的良好品质。
（投稿）
8. motivate v.激发，激励
This will make you feel good about your little success and motivate you to
keep up with the good work.
这会让你对自己的小成功感觉良好，并激励你继续做好工作。 （演
讲稿）
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. moderator n.主持人
2. detox n.脱瘾
3. fundraising n.募捐，筹款
4. distract v.分散（注意力），使分心
5. procrastination n.拖延
6. necessity n.必需品
7. unprecedentedly adv.空前地
8. personal finances （个人的）财务管理
9. lifelong adj.终身的
10. vision n.构想，设想教材例句
11. （译林选必四） Find out about the company and the post you are
interviewing for through the company profile. n.概况
12. （人教选必一） This morning， I saw the shocking headline：
“Passenger Dies When Car Crashes in Driverless Mode”. n.媒体
报道的热门话题；标题
派生词汇识记
1. security n.安全→secure adj.安全的，可靠的
2. occupy v.占用，占去（时间）；占领；占据→occupation n.职业
→occupied adj.忙于；使用中
3. constantly adv.持续不断地；经常地→constant adj.时常发生的；连
续不断的
4. access n.接触的机会→accessible adj.可接近/进入的；可使用的
5. rely v.（为生活或生存而）依赖→reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的
6. considerate adj.替他人着想的→consider v.考虑；认为
→consideration n.考虑；体谅→considering prep.考虑到
7. promote v.促进，增进；推销；提升；晋升→promotion n.提升；晋
级；促销活动
8. invest v.投资→investment n.投资→investor n.投资者；投资机构
1.形近词对对碰 ①access n.接触的机会 process n. 步骤，程序 ②promote v.促进，增
进 remote adj. 遥远的；
偏远的；偏僻的 ③clarify v.澄清，讲清
楚，阐明 horrify v.使感到震惊 2.“鼓舞；激励”
须牢记 ①motivate vt.激发；激励 ②motivation n.激发；激励 ③encourage vt.鼓励；激励 ④encouragement n.鼓励；激励 ⑤inspire vt.鼓舞；激发 ⑥inspiration n.灵感；鼓舞 3.“动词＋out”短语荟
萃
①max out （钱）花光；
（信用卡）刷爆
②stand out 突出，显眼
③die out 灭绝
④sort out 分类
⑤break out （战争、火
灾等）爆发
⑥run out 用完，耗尽
第一组
1. persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
2. on reflection 经过仔细考虑
3. be occupied with sth 忙于做某事
4. miss out 错失（机会）；不包括
5. throw in the towel 认输
6. step away from 远离，离开
7. rely on 依靠，依赖
8. max out （钱）花光；（信用卡）刷爆
9. barrier to ……的障碍
第二组
10. in control of 控制，掌管
11. the here and now 当下，此时此刻
12. in contrast to 与……形成对比
13. put aside 储存；留出；不考虑
14. lose your temper with your family 对你的家人发脾气
15. break bad habits 改掉坏习惯
16. turn over a new leaf 洗心革面，重新做人
17. to-do list 待办事项清单，任务清单
18. pocket money 零花钱
1. 句式：含蓄虚拟条件句
原句： ...but without access to social media I couldn’t remember
where it was！……但如果不靠社交媒体的话，我怎么也想不起地点在
哪儿！
2. 句式：on/upon （doing） ...一……就……
原句：On receiving a Kare Bag， one woman said，“You make me
feel like a human being.”
在收到“爱心包包”时，一位女士说：“你让我觉得自己活得像个人。”
3. 句式：whether ...or ...无论……还是……，引导让步状语从句
原句：Whether you want to help out a friend， give money to an animal
charity or to children in another country， it’s your money to give to
whatever cause you believe in.
无论你是想要接济朋友，为动物慈善机构捐款，或是救助另一个国家
的孩子，这都是你的钱，你可以把它捐给任何你相信的事业。
Dear friends，
Today， I want to talk about the advantages and disadvantages of
social media.On one hand， these platforms can motivate us and
promote lifelong learning.They can also provide a platform for us to
express ourselves and share our thoughts and experiences with others.We
have constant access to news headlines and can engage with diverse
perspectives.However， in contrast to face-to-face interaction， online
profiles can distract us.The need for security is very important as we rely
on these networks.
Sadly， many become occupied with their online lives and miss out
on real experience.Procrastination is common， and it’s essential to
step away from time to time for a digital detox.Let’s use these tools
objectively and wisely.
Thank you.
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.moderator n.主持人
□2.detox n.脱瘾
□3.fundraising n.募捐，筹款
□4.distract v.分散（注意力），使分心
□5.procrastination n.拖延
□6.spit v.吐口水，吐唾沫
□7.headphones n.（头戴式）耳机
□8.bin n.垃圾箱
□9.toothpaste n.牙膏
□10.unprecedentedly adv.空前地
□11.jar n.（玻璃）罐子，广口瓶
□12.lifelong adj.终身的
□13.nail n.钉子
□14.soap n.肥皂
□15.profile n.概况
□16.likewise adv.同样地；相似地
核心单词练通
1. n.一件商品（或物品）
2. n.地区，区域
3. v.澄清，讲清楚，阐明
4. adj.恰当的；合适的
5. He took his flashlight from his jacket pocket and （打
开） it on.
6. （配备） with a microphone and video camera， the
robots teach students as teachers.
7. If you are interested in the program， please sign up before
the （最后期限）.
item
district
clarify
appropriate
switched
Equipped
deadline
拓展单词用活
1. n.安全→ adj.安全的，可靠的
2. adv.持续不断地；经常地→ adj.时常发
生的；连续不断的
3. n.接触的机会→ adj.可接近/进入的；可
使用的
4. adj.替他人着想的→ v.考虑；认为
→ n.考虑；体谅→ prep.考虑到
security
secure
constantly
constant
access
accessible
considerate
consider
consideration
considering
5. v.促进，增进；推销；提升；晋升→ n.
提升；晋级；促销活动
6. v.投资→ n. 投资→ n.投资
者；投资机构
7. adv.客观地→ adj.客观的
8. That young man is honest， cooperative， always there when you need
his help.In short， he’s （rely）.
9. A good story does not （necessary） have to have a
happy ending， but the readers must not be left unsatisfied.
10. He an important position in a company， and
is with all kinds of activities， so his brings
him great fame and fortune.（occupy）
promote
promotion
invest
investment
investor
objectively
objective
reliable
necessarily
occupies
occupied
occupation
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
先 写 对
第 一 组 1. 说服某人做某事
2. 经过深思熟虑
3. 忙于做某事
4. 错失（机会）；不包括，遗漏
5. 调查，检查，核实；（因某人或某
物有趣或吸引人而）查看，观察；结账退房
6. （用开关）开，打开
7. 认输
8. 远离，离开
persuade sb to do sth
on reflection
be occupied with sth
miss out
check out
switch on
throw in the towel
step away from
再 用 准
1.There are many good websites where you can the latest news in the science world.
2.He pulls out a special device， points it at the suspect， and it .
3. ， the way I handled the conflict with my friend was not the best.
4.Linda the work of redecorating her house now.
5.I’ve been working on this book for over a year， and I’m getting
nowhere with it.I think I’m ready to .
check out
switches
on
On reflection
is occupied with
throw in the towel
先 写 对
第 二 组 1. 依靠，依赖
2. （钱）花光；（信用卡）刷爆
3. ……的障碍
4. 控制，掌管
5. 当下，此时此刻
6. 与……形成对比
7. 储存；把……放在一边；忽视
rely on
max out
barrier to
in control of
the here and now
in contrast to
put aside
再 用 准
1.When the storage and capabilities of the smartphone are being ， the phone will become much less responsive.
2. what my mother had thought，my father succeeded in giving up smoking.
3.It is unwise to medicine to keep health.
4.He decides to his work to spend more time with his
parents.
maxed out
In contrast to
rely on
put aside
（三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：含蓄虚拟条件句 教材原句：...but without
access to social media I
couldn’t remember where it
was！ 1.没有你的认可和指导，我不可能
写出这篇文章。 （感谢信）
Without your recognition and
guidance， I
this article.
couldn’t have
written
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：on/upon
（doing） ...一……就…… 教材原句：On receiving a Kare
Bag， one woman said， “You
make me feel like a human
being.” 2.一听到这个消息，他震惊了，一
时说不出话来。 （情感描写）
， he was
shocked and couldn’t speak for a
moment.
On hearing the news
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：
whether ...or ...无论……还
是……，引导让步状语从句 教材原句：Whether you want to
help out a friend， give money to
an animal charity or to children in
another country， it’s your
money to give to whatever cause
you believe in. 3.无论你是独自旅行还是和朋友们
一起去旅行，一份详细的行程安排
会使你的旅程更加便利。 （建议
信）
， a
detailed itinerary will make your
journey more convenient.
Whether you are traveling alone or
going on a trip with friends
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
（rely） on social media not only occupies most of the time of teenagers but also distracts their attention.It’s appropriate for social media detox organisations （clarify） its harm.How to reduce the reliance on social media？ Firstly， whenever you have access social media， go to do some sports or listen to music to switch your attention. Secondly， you can also give yourself a vision for the future and invest in worthy wealth management. In a word，
joining these activities constantly will make you considerate and
think （objective） about money.
微技能热身
1. ①处作主语，应填 。
2. ②处所在句子中，It为形式主语，应填 。
3. ③处应填 ，构成固定短语。
4. ④处修饰动词think，应填 。
Relying
to clarify
to
objectively
rely v.（为生活或生存而）依赖
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷） The innovative design requires little effort to
achieve a （rely） weekly supply of fresh greens.
②When I have trouble in falling asleep， I rely sleeping
pills， which can relieve my sleeplessness.
reliable
on/upon
【写美】 一句多译
③当人们遇到困难时，他们可以依靠慈善机构为他们提供一些及时的
援助。
→When people are in trouble， they can
.（rely on/upon sb/sth to do）
→When people are in trouble， they can
.（rely on/upon it that ...）
rely on/upon charities to offer
them some timely aid
rely on/upon it that charities
can offer them some timely aid
【归纳】
（1）rely on 依靠，依赖
rely on/upon sb for ... 依靠某人获得……
rely on/upon sb to do sth 指望/依赖某人做某事
rely on/upon it that ... 相信/指望……（it作形式宾语，that从句为
真正的宾语）
（2）reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的
reliability n. 可靠性
【佳句】 When preparing for an important exam， you had better not
always rely on it that the teacher will give you all the key points. （建
议信）
当准备一场重要考试时，你最好不要总是指望老师会把所有重点
都给你。
【点津】 rely on的同义短语有depend on/upon，count on/upon等。
occupy v.占用，占去（时间）；使忙于；任职
【练通】 单句语法填空
①I suppose I am looking for an （occupy） which
motivates me to be positive.
②This man was so much （occupy） that he did not even
raise his head at the little prince’s arrival.
occupation
occupied
【写美】 句式升级
③Because they were occupied in making and selling popcorn， they
spared no time to play around.
→ ， they
spared no time to play around.（动词-ing形式作状语）
→ ， they spared no time to
play around.（过去分词短语作状语）
Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn
Occupied in making and selling popcorn
【归纳】
（1）occupy oneself with sth/（in） doing sth 某人忙于（做）某事
（2）occupied adj. 忙于；已占用的
keep sb occupied 使某人忙碌
be occupied with （doing） sth/（in） doing sth 忙于（做）某事
（3）occupation n. 工作；职业；占领
【佳句】 Occupied with our study， we rarely visited our beloved
grandparents， only calling them occasionally. （情景描写）
由于忙于学习，我们很少去看望我们亲爱的祖父母，只是偶尔给他们
打个电话。
【联想】 表示“忙于做某事”的表达还有：
①be busy doing sth ②be busy with sth
③be engaged in doing sth
access n.接触的机会；通道，入口；机会，权利 v.进入；使用；获
取（尤指电脑数据）
【练通】 语境辨义/单句语法填空
①Many stations have wheelchair access from the entrance to the
platforms.
②As cities balloon with growth， access nature for people living
in urban areas is becoming harder to find.
③（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Emmanuel Chappard， an experienced guide，
has a passion for making the great outdoors （access） to all.
n.通道
to
accessible
【写美】 微写作
④鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可
以接触到中国文化。 （建议信）
Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture， I suggest you apply
for Peking University， where you can
.
have/get/obtain/gain access to
the Chinese culture
【归纳】
（1）access to 接近……的机会；进入……的权利
have/get/obtain/gain access to 拥有……的机会；可以接近/进入；可
以使用
give access to 准许进入/接近
（2）accessible adj. 可接近的；可使用的；易懂的；随和的
be accessible to 可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的
【佳句】 （译林必修三）One of the greatest advantages of the Internet
lies in the quick and easy access to a huge amount of information.互联网
的最大好处之一就是能（让人）快速、轻易地获取大量信息。
【助记】 Our school stadium is accessible to all the students， and we
can get access to it when taking exercise. （告知信）
所有学生都可以使用校体育馆，我们锻炼时能使用它。
No access to the computer （give） to Jim
before.However， （promote） his study， his father bought
a computer for him.From then on， he relied on the computer for
everything.Unfortunately， his health broke for being addicted
to playing computer games.From this matter， we should learn to
motivate teenagers to objectively look on the computer as a tool and use it
appropriately.I do hope he can step away from computer games， equip
himself with more knowledge and be a （use） person to the
society.Whether he goes to do sports or listens to music is a good way to
get rid of his addiction.
微技能热身
1. ①处考查动词的时态和语态，应填 。
2. ②处作目的状语，应填 。
3. ③处应填 ，构成固定短语。
4. ④处修饰名词person，应用形容词，故填 。
had been given
to promote
down
useful
equip v.使有知识和技能，使能够胜任；配备；装备；使有所准
备；使有能力
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2024·全国甲卷）Doctors see up to 150 patients every day.The
train’s （equip） allows for basic checkups.
②A good education will equip our children （prepare）
for their future lives.
equipment
to prepare
【写美】 句式升级
③My English teacher is equipped with rich knowledge， so he is very
popular among us.
→ ， my English teacher is very
popular among us.（非谓语动词作状语）
Equipped with rich knowledge
【归纳】
（1）equip ...with ... 用……装备……
equip sb for （doing） sth/to do sth 使某人为（做）某事而准备；使
某人具备（做）某事的条件
be equipped with 配备有……（表状态）
（2）equipment n. [U]设备，器材；配备，装备
a piece of equipment 一件设备
【佳句】 In order to make my dream come true， equipping myself with
sufficient knowledge is really important. （情感描写）
为了让我梦想成真，用足够的知识武装自己真的很重要。
句型公式：whether ...or ...引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】 Whether you want to help out a friend， give money to
an animal charity or to children in another country， it’s your money to
give to whatever cause you believe in.无论你是想要接济朋友，为动物
慈善机构捐款，或是救助另一个国家的孩子，这都是你的钱， 你可以
把它捐给任何你相信的事业。
【写美】 微写作
①无论他们在比赛中是赢还是输，都改变不了他们已经极其刻苦训练
的事实。
does not change the fact that
they have trained extremely hard.
②无论你是学理科还是文科，你都需要努力学习才能成功。
（建议信）
， you need to work diligently to
succeed.
Whether they win the game or lose it
Whether you major in science or arts
【归纳】
（1）whether ...or ...意为“不管……是否……，不管是……还
是……”，引导让步状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句作主语或宾
语。
（2）whether之后可接动词不定式。
【佳句】 I am sure we will see each other again soon， whether here or
in Shanghai. （邀请信）
不管是在这儿还是在上海，我确信我们很快又会见面的。
【点津】 whether还可用于whether ...or not结构。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. promote
A. v.宣传，推广 B. v.促销
C. v.促进，增进 D. v.晋升，提升
（1）（2024·1月浙江卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy
larger quantities， that’s what they’ll promote.
B
（2）Devoting herself to education， our teacher has been promoted to
headmaster.
（3）Protecting the environment will promote a country’s economic
development.
（4）The poet is travelling around the country to promote his new poem
book.
D
C
A
2. 词义猜测
（1）His vision of the future is one where humans and robots coexist
peacefully.
（2）The profile of the mountain range provided an amazing view of the
surrounding landscape.
（3）The manager asked us to list all the items involved in the task and
estimate the time required for each.
n.构想，设想
n.轮廓
n.项目
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. （2023·1月浙江卷） With gas prices rising and airport
（secure） lines snaking longer than ever， why not book your next
domestic vacation on a train？
2. There’s been a significant （invest） of time and
energy in order to make the project a success.
3. With the temperature rising to 37℃， all the students are strongly
resistant to switching the air conditioner.
security
investment
off
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. We （错过了末班车） and didn’t have
any money for taxi， so we had to walk home. （情景描写）
2. At first， I thought it was a bad idea， but （仔细一
想） I realised she was right. （心理描写）
3. After running two miles of the marathon， Andy and Jessica decided
to （认输）.
4. I am confident that I can
（说服我的同学们参与到这个有意义的活动中
来） as well.
missed out the last bus
on reflection
throw in the towel
persuade my classmates to join this
meaningful activity
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
劝慰信——帮助外国好友戒除网瘾
假定你是李华，你的外国好友Steven沉迷于网络，导致成绩下
降。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，帮助他戒除网瘾，内容包括：
1. 表示安慰；
2. 说明网瘾的危害；
3. 介绍戒除网瘾的方法。
第一步 练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 很抱歉听到你因为沉迷于互联网而导致成绩下降。（addiction）
2. 不要担心，我是来帮忙的。
I’m sorry to hear that your grades have dropped because of your
addiction to the Internet.
Don’t worry， I’m here to help.
3. 网瘾确实有害。平均来说，它会分散你学习时的注意力，使你难以
集中精神。（average， distract）
4. 它还占据了你可以用来学习的大部分时间。（take up）
Internet addiction can be really harmful.On average， it distracts you
from studies， making it hard to focus.
It also takes up much of your time that could be used for learning.
5. 要摆脱这种状况，首先，说服自己定期远离屏幕。（persuade，
step away from）
6. 当事情变得艰难时，不要放弃。（throw in the towel）
7. 设定目标来激励自己。（motivate）
To break free， first， persuade yourself to step away from the screen
regularly.
Don’t throw in the towel when it’s tough.
Set goals to motivate yourself.
8. 限制自己接触互联网的时间，并充分利用时间，投身于其他有意义
的事情，比如阅读或运动。（access， make full use of， occupy）
Limit your access to the Internet， and make full use of time to get
occupied with other meaningful things like reading or sports.
第二步 组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Dear Steven，
I’m sorry to hear that your grades have dropped because of your
addiction to the Internet.Don’t worry， I’m here to help.
Internet addiction can be really harmful.On average， it distracts
you from studies， making it hard to focus.It also takes up much of your
time that could be used for learning.
Yours，
Li Hua
To break free， first， persuade yourself to step away from the
screen regularly.Don’t throw in the towel when it’s tough.Set goals to
motivate yourself.Limit your access to the Internet， and make full use of
time to get occupied with other meaningful things like reading or sports.
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮 词 动作描写：motivate， occupy， distract， throw in the towel， rely
on， spit， promote， clarify， max out， equip
人物描写：considerate， in contrast to， objectively
美 句 ①I bet you’re as eager as I am to find out just how many have been
motivated enough to last the full seven days！ （情感描写）
②I felt like I had lost an arm！ （比喻句）
③I’m embarrassed to say that I threw in the towel on the first day！
（情感描写）
动作描写之“笑”（一）
词汇
单词 smile， laugh， giggle
短
语 a big/broad/wide/bright smile， smile and wink， smiling face，
force/manage a smile，flash a bright smile， crack a smile
美句
①（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet.I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese
bank card.
就在那时，我意识到我的钱包里一分钱现金都没有。我一边抱歉地对他微笑，一边掏出了我的葡萄牙银行卡。
②（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷） When I handed in the essay to my teacher， he read it， laughed out loud， and said， “Great.Now， write it
again.” （情感描写）
当我把文章交给老师时，他读了之后大声笑了出来，然后说：“很好。现在，再写一遍。”
情境导语 珍妮的妈妈总是鼓励她追求艺术。她相信珍妮有天赋，会在
绘画方面大有作为……
第一步 完成句子
1.15岁的珍妮嘴角挂着灿烂的笑容，跑到妈妈屋里炫耀她的新画作。
， 15-year-old Jenny rushed to her
mom’s room to show off her new painting. （with复合结构）
2. 她妈妈停下来朝她微笑。
Her mother . （分词作定语）
With a broad smile on her lips
stopped to turn a smiling face to her
3. 这幅美丽的画作让她的妈妈激动不已，笑容满面。
Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting，
. （并列句）
4. 她笑着朝珍妮眨了眨眼：“珍妮，你画得真好，我相信有一天你会
成为一名著名的画家。我真为你骄傲。”
， “Jenny， you paint really well.
I’m sure you will be a famous painter one day. I’m so proud of you.”
（简单句）
and a bright smile
spread over her face
She smiled and winked at Jenny
5. 当珍妮想象着自己成了一名画家时，她面露喜色，咧嘴笑了。
When Jenny pictured herself becoming a painter，
. （简单句）
6. 她带着灿烂的笑容，满怀期待地奔向她的卧室。
，she hurried to her bedroom with great expectations.
（分词作状语）
her face lit up and
lips curved in a smile
Smiling widely
第二步 连句成文
With a broad smile on her lips， 15-year-old Jenny rushed to her
mom’s room to show off her new painting. Her mother stopped to turn a
smiling face to her. Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting， and
a bright smile spread over her face. She smiled and winked at Jenny，
“Jenny， you paint really well. I’m sure you will be a famous painter
one day. I’m so proud of you.” Happily， when Jenny pictured herself
becoming a painter， her face lit up and lips curved in a smile. Smiling
widely， she hurried to her bedroom with great expectations.
4
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2025·岳阳二模）Billions of people deal with a nail-biting habit
at some point in their lives.Many will go to great lengths to try to
stop.And while not all of us are nail-biters， most of us do have a habit
we’d like to kick.So what’s the best way to break one？
Research shows that intentions alone often fail to lead to long-term
behavior change.This isn’t to say you can’t break a habit.Rather， by
understanding the basis of habits， you can create better plans for
changing them.For example， we know habits are often affected by
environments and routines.Lying in bed may cause you to endlessly scroll
through your phone， or watching TV on the couch may lead you to grab a
sugary snack.
One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these
locations or times of day.Then try to modify them by changing your
routine or creating obstacles that make it more difficult to perform the
habit in that space.Moving， switching jobs， or even starting a new
schedule， are particularly great times to break a habit or build a new one.
One 2005 study tracked university students’ exercising， reading，
and TV-watching habits before and after they transferred schools.When
students were no longer around old environments and routines， their
habits， even the strong ones， significantly changed.
For behaviors like nail-biting， a practice called habit reversal
training can be helpful.Developed by psychologists in the 1970s， the aim
is to change a habit by replacing it with another one that’s less
detrimental.The training requires you to analyze and understand your habit
cues， so you can effectively step in at the right times.For example， if
you tend to bite your nails at work， keep a fidget toy at your desk in
advance.Then， if a stressful email comes in， use the toy when you feel
the urge to bite your nails.
Breaking a habit takes time， so remember to give yourself grace and
have patience through the process.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些改变习惯的方
法。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些改变习惯的
方法。
1. Why does the author mention “a nail-biting habit” in Paragraph 1？
（ ）
A. To make a comparison.
B. To make a conclusion.
C. To introduce the topic.
D. To attract readers’ attention.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，第一段以“咬指甲”
这个坏习惯为例引出文章主题，即如何改掉习惯。
√
2. What is the best way to help us control our action？（ ）
A. Having intentions alone.
B. Understanding the basis of habits.
C. Making practical plans.
D. Adapting to the environments or times.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的One of the most effective ways
to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of day.可知，管
理行为最好的方法之一是确定时间或地点，即适应环境或时间。
√
3. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 5
probably mean？（ ）
A. Harmful. B. Helpful.
C. Annoying. D. Time-consuming.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文的例子可知，如果收到一封
压力大的电子邮件时，当你感到想要咬指甲时，就使用这个玩具，这
种危害性较小的行为来代替咬指甲这种习惯，即通过一种危害性较小
的习惯来取代或者改变原有的习惯。由此可知，detrimental意为“有
害的”，和harmful意思相近。
√
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text？（ ）
A. Difficulties in Dealing With Nail-biting
B. Significance of Habit Reversal Training
C. Useful Tips on Getting Rid of a Habit
D. Necessity of Having Grace and Patience
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了如何改变习
惯，包括了环境和常规的影响，以及一些有效的方法。因此，C项
（改掉一个习惯的有用方法）作文章标题最佳。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2025·六安模拟）
More Parental Investment Slower Children’s Growth
Are teenagers less likely to participate in activities associated with
adulthood because they’re busier with homework and extra-curricular
activities？ Researchers found that time spent on homework and extra-
curricular activities has declined among 10th graders.It’s remained
relatively steady among 12th graders.5.（ ） This might account for
some of the changes.In fact， one documentary labeled today’s teens as
“screenagers”.Greater parental investment leads to teens growing up
more slowly because parents supervise children and teens more carefully
and organize their activities.
The study researchers also found an association between a slower
developmental trajectory and smaller family size， higher parental age at
first birth， and higher median income.With fewer children and more
money， parents can invest more time and resources in their kids.6.
（ ）
There are also economic factors.With shifts in the economy， more
people go to college and are dependent on their parents for longer.7.
（ ） 18-to 29-years-olds spend more time getting educated，
marrying later， and having children later than previous generations.
8. （ ） On the upside， teens are less likely to engage in risky
behaviors.They’re more likely to wait until they’re ready to participate
in adult activities.9.（ ） Today’s students may be sharp
academically， but they often have trouble with basics like time
management， making their own decisions and leading independent lives.
A. There are benefits and drawbacks to the decline in adult activities
among adolescents.
B. It helps children enjoy a life with more material richness.
C. On the other hand， Internet usage has increased.
D. This may allow them to follow a slower developmental path.
E. On the downside， it poses an obstacle to teens’ all-round
development.
F. More money is needed to cover their education.
G. That also gives rise to more careful parenting with the idea that
education will last longer.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述父母对孩子投入越
多，孩子成熟越缓慢这一现象，并分析原因和说明利弊。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述父母对孩子投入越
多，孩子成熟越缓慢这一现象，并分析原因和说明利弊。
5. C 根据上文可知，这里分析孩子参加大人的活动越来越少的
原因，10年级的学生花在作业和课外活动的时间事实上减少了，
12年级的孩子基本不变。C项（另一方面，互联网的使用增加了）
符合语境，C项中的On the other hand体现了increased和
declined，steady的对比。
6. D 根据上文可知，孩子越少，经济条件越好，父母对孩子投入的
时间和资源就越多。D项（这可能会让他们遵循一个较慢的发展道
路）符合语境。D项中的This指代上一句内容。
7. G 根据上下文可知，本段讲的是由于经济上依赖的原因，教育经
历持续时间越长，孩子对父母的依赖就越久，结婚、生孩子都会推
迟，G项（这也导致了教育将持续更长时间的想法，使父母更加谨
慎）符合语境。G项中longer和上文的longer相呼应。
8. A 结合本空的位置可知，本空为段落主旨句。根据下文On the
upside ...participate in adult activities.以及Today’s students may
be ...and leading independent lives.可知，A项（青少年成人活动的减
少有利有弊）符合语境。
9. E 根据下文可知，此处分析孩子成熟变缓的缺点。E项（不利的
一面是，它阻碍了青少年的全面发展）符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2025·浙江联考）“Keep staring！ I might do a 10 ！”
That’s the message on a T-shirt of mine.
People stare at me all the time so I thought this shirt would be
funny.See， I’m a dwarf （侏儒）.Most of the time people aren’t
trying to be 11 .They just haven’t seen many dwarfs like me
before.I can 12 that， but I also want to let them know that I see
them staring.
I was born with achondroplasia （软骨发育不全）， the
most 13 form of dwarfism.Right now， I am almost four feet tall and
that’s 14 as tall as I’m going to get.
I’m not going to pretend my height isn’t a 15 .Light switches
and 16 are usually too high for me.It takes me almost three steps
to 17 one step of an average size adult and my mom has to shorten
almost all of my 18 .
But everyone faces challenges.You have to face them with a good
attitude.So， I have a long barbecue fork to 19 things from shelves
and drive a car with the help of pedal 20 .If all else fails， I ask for
things.The way I see it， I can do just about 21 that an average size
person can do.I’ll never play professional sports， but I have no
problem 22 my limits.It may take me longer and it may be harder，
but I can still do it.
My shirt shows people the 23 me — a kid with a sense of
humor.And maybe that’s the trick showing others that I’m just like
them.I’m just shorter， but I’m 24 of who I am.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者患有侏儒症，但是他本人坚
强、幽默，不断通过自身的努力去完成一个正常身高的人完成的任
何事情。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者患有侏儒症，但是他本人坚
强、幽默，不断通过自身的努力去完成一个正常身高的人完成的任
何事情。
10. A. favor B. bet C. trick D. survey
解析： 根据最后一段的that’s the trick可知，作者T恤上的标语
是：“继续盯着！我可能会变个戏法！”
√
11. A. rude B. nice
C. indifferent D. hospitable
解析： 根据下文They just haven’t seen many dwarfs like me
before.可知，人们盯着作者看，并不是故意表现得这么粗鲁的，他们
只是之前没有见过很多像作者一样的侏儒。
12. A. avoid B. evaluate
C. appreciate D. object
解析： 根据上文语境可知，作者内心理解大家为什么会一直盯着
自己看，但他也想让他们知道他看到他们盯着看了。
√
√
13. A. common B. special
C. scary D. outstanding
解析： 根据上文I was born with achondroplasia和常识可知，作者天
生患有软骨发育不全，这是最常见的侏儒症。
14. A. hardly B. particularly
C. awfully D. practically
解析： 上文讲作者患有侏儒症。作者现在几乎有四英尺高，那几
乎就是作者以后能达到的高度。
√
√
15. A. challenge B. symbol
C. milestone D. barrier
解析： 根据下文Light switches and 16 are usually too high for
me.和常识可知，身高在作者的生活中确实带来了挑战。
16. A. stars B. ceilings
C. counters D. ladders
解析： 根据and可知，空处与Light switches均是作者列举的生活中
由于身高而面临的挑战。再结合上文I am almost four feet tall和选项可
知，电灯开关和柜台对作者来说通常都太高了。
√
√
17. A. break away from B. keep up with
C. draw back D. bring along
解析： 作者几乎四英尺高，因此一般成人走一步，作者需要走约
三步才能跟得上。
18. A. legs B. steps C. pants D. distance
解析：作者有侏儒症，所以母亲需要把他几乎所有的裤子都裁短。
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19. A. pull down B. pick up
C. drag along D. stab into
解析： 根据语境可知，作者患有侏儒症，应是用长长的烧烤叉将
东西从架子上拉下来。
20. A. brakes B. extensions
C. devices D. stands
解析： 通过延长的踏板，作者可以开车了。
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21. A. something B. little
C. anything D. enough
解析： 上文描述了作者一直在不断尝试解决各种生活问题。由
此可知，在作者眼中，他基本上可以做一个正常身高的人能做的
任何事。
22. A. adjusting B. changing
C. perfecting D. testing
解析： 根据I’ll never play professional sports可知，作者不会去参
加职业运动，但是测试自己的极限是没问题的。
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23. A. tall B. different C. strong D. real
解析： 根据第一段第一句可知，作者衣服上的文字展示了真正的
自己——一个具有幽默感的孩子。
24. A. ashamed B. aware
C. capable D. proud
解析： 此处前后分句之间是转折关系，表示虽然作者较矮，但作
者为自己感到骄傲。
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演示完毕 感谢观看 !
