UNIT 4 Looking good， feeling good
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2025·湖南三模）Beejhy Barhany， growing up in an Ethiopian-Jewish community in Israel， has been cooking for her family as long as she can remember.Now a chef and owner of Tsion Café in Harlem， New York， Barhany continues to pull from cooking traditions， including one that has become the source of much controversy in recent decades： washing raw meat before cooking.
For Barhany， submerging raw chicken in salt and lemon water is both functional and ceremonial， as soaking or rinsing raw meat in salt water and acid — such as lemon juice or vinegar — is a common form of “washing” required by Jewish Kosher rules.And a 2015 survey of over 1，500 American consumers found that nearly 70 per cent rinse or wash their poultry before cooking it， though the US Department of Agriculture（USDA） started telling consumers not to wash raw poultry in the 1990s.Experts including those from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention strongly warned that rather than reducing the risk of foodborne illness （食源性疾病）， washing meat increases the likelihood of spreading unwanted pathogens （病原体）， like salmonella and campylobacter， around the kitchen.
“Washing meat before cooking is not really helping，” says Betty Feng， associate professor of food science at Purdue University.“The only thing it does is splashing （飞溅） and could cross-contaminate a lot of your kitchen items — your sink， probably your clothes， whatever you have by the sink.” Moreover， Feng cautions against using saltwater， vinegar， or lemon juice， which simply isn’t strong enough to effectively kill foodborne pathogens.“If the acidity is high enough to kill bacteria， then it’s not really likely you can use your bare hand to wash，” she says.
And a 2022 study showed that submerging meat in a bowl of water reduced the splashing but not the spread of germs.“I would treat the entire sink just like the outside of the chicken — it’s a biological hazard，” says Benjamin Chapman， one of the study authors and associate professor in North Carolina State University’s agricultural and human sciences department.“The way that we make meat safe is through cooking， not through the removal of pathogens.”
1.What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？（ ）
A.To broaden the readers’ horizons.
B.To make a comparison.
C.To introduce the topic.
D.To state the author’s opinion.
2.What is mentioned about the Jewish Kosher rules from this text？（ ）
A.Nearly 70 per cent of American consumers follow the rules.
B.The rules pay attention to functional and ceremonial aspects.
C.Uncooked meat is submerged in water with salt and vinegar.
D.It warns people of the risk of foodborne illness.
3.What is TRUE about “washing meat before cooking” according to Betty？（ ）
A.It has sparked a lot of controversy in recent years.
B.It has decreased the risk of foodborne illness.
C.It can not be directly done with your bare hands.
D.It may do a favor to the transfer of pathogens.
4.Why is the underlined phrase “biological hazard” mentioned in the last paragraph？（ ）
A.To emphasize that chickens pose a level of threat to humans’ lives.
B.To show that sinks can be a way to increase splashing.
C.To prove that cooking is a good way to kill pathogens.
D.To stress that the practice people follow is not advisable.
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
（2025·衡阳八中模拟）Every day， rubbing the sleep from her eyes， Abigail would go over to look at herself in the mirror， thinking the same thing： I am just so ...ordinary.
It all started once she entered middle school， where her grades in all subjects were OK but not great， and she couldn’t sing or dance that well， or play sports.She wasn’t even good at making jokes as she was so shy.
As she continued to go down the same mind spiral of “You’re not good enough， what kind of job could you get in the future being someone so ordinary？”， she checked the clock and rushed out the door to get to school on time.
Along the way， she saw Peter walking ahead of her.As one of the class’s top students， he was just so smart and dedicated.Peter always stayed behind after math class to continue working on the equations.He was so obsessed and talented.
A few mornings later in class， something seemed a bit off with Abigail’s teacher， Mr Fry.He was normally quite active， moving quickly from the whiteboard to the podium （讲台） to explain some new knowledge points.But that morning， Abigail noticed that he seemed slower， not very with it.Then， as he asked the students to copy down a math equation， Mr Fry began shaking and then started to fall.Immediately， Abigail rushed from her seat in the fourth row， managing to catch him just in time.He had fainted.“Someone go get the head teacher now！” yelled Abigail in a loud， clear voice.Fifteen minutes later， Abigail and her classmates watched out the classroom window at Mr Fry being wheeled across the parking lot on a stretcher （担架） to be put into an ambulance.
After two weeks off， Mr Fry was back， entering the classroom again to a round of applause from the students.His presence brought a sense of relief and normalcy to the room， easing their worry about his sudden illness.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
As soon as the lunch bell rang， Mr Fry pulled Abigail aside.
“Extraordinary，” the word echoed in Abigail’s mind as she walked home from school that day.
UNIT 4 Looking good， feeling good
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍民众和专家在“烹调前将生肉洗净”问题上的分歧，以及专家们的研究发现，这种做法是不可取的。
1.C 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段的主要目的是引出话题：人们在“烹调前将生肉洗净”这一事上存在较多分歧。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，犹太洁食规则会将生肉浸泡在放有盐、酸（如醋）的水中。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中Betty说的The only thing it does ...whatever you have by the sink.可知，Betty认为烹调前将生肉洗净不但起不了作用，反而还会导致交叉感染。
4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容尤其是最后一句可知，在本段提到biological hazard是为了强调人们遵循的烹调前将生肉洗净的做法是不可取的。
Ⅱ.
As soon as the lunch bell rang， Mr Fry pulled Abigail aside.This was the first time she had ever spoken alone with a teacher.She rubbed her hands together and felt butterflies in her stomach.It was not until she heard a soft chuckle that she looked up to meet Mr Fry’s smiling eyes.“I’ve noticed your reserved nature and shyness， but what surprised me was your sharp insight， unique judgment， and calm response during my time of need.These traits demonstrate that you’re an extraordinary kid.Thank you for what you did.”
“Extraordinary，” the word echoed in Abigail’s mind as she walked home from school that day.It seemed as if the word had taken root in her heart.She had never thought that the word could be applied to her.“If I can break out of my shell， things could be different.” Abigail was determined to get the ball rolling.Since then， she has gradually dared to make eye contact when speaking， ask about things she doesn’t understand in class and discuss equations with her classmates.Once and for all， she learned that one should not sell oneself short or get tied up in knots.Everyone has their own unique spark and strengths， waiting for exploration and discovery.
2 / 2UNIT 4 Looking good， feeling good
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
My physics teacher had a great effect on my career growth.At one time I was frightened of learning physics. Knowing about it， she spent a large amount of time doing me a favour to get rid of the anxiety.She told me the reason why physics was difficult to learn was that I didn’t change the way to learn it.It was she made me confirm my belief of choosing physics.Later on， I concentrated on my study and ended up as a famous bridge expert. 微技能热身 1.把句①翻译成汉语： 2.②处Knowing about it是动词-ing短语作状语，相当于一个状语从句： 。 3.③处应填 ，构成 。
effect n.效果，作用；影响
【练通】 单句语法填空
① （effect）time management not only leads to increased productivity， but reduces stress.
②Before the new law comes effect， I hope we can take measures to protect the rare animals.
【写美】 翻译句子
③中国的交通经历了显著变革，这对中国人民的生活产生了巨大影响。 （发言稿）
【归纳】
（1）side effect 副作用
have an effect on 对……有影响
bring/carry/put ...into effect 实施/生效
come into effect 开始生效
take effect 生效；见效
in effect/in fact/in reality 事实上；实际上
（2）effective adj. 有效的；生效的
【佳句】 One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. （建议信）
减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是和你信任的人谈谈感受。
frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（人教必修一）This morning，I was worried that no one would talk to me.But I was wrong.I didn’t feel awkward or （frighten） at all.
②It was disturbing and （frighten） that the robot looked so human.
③Because of her last terrible experience， she is frightened （skip） meals to lose weight.
【写美】 句式升级
④She was frightened by the frightening scene.She trembled from head to foot.
→ ， she trembled from head to foot.（分词短语作状语）
【归纳】
（1）frightening adj. （事物）令人恐惧的，可怕的
（2）frighten vt. 使吃惊；惊吓
frighten sb into/out of doing sth 吓得某人做/不敢做某事
frighten ...away/off 吓走/跑……
frighten sb to death 把某人吓得要死
【佳句】 The more she thought about it，the more frightened she felt，her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly. （心理描写）
她越想这件事，就越感到害怕，手心冒汗，心跳得厉害。
【点津】 形容词化的动词-ed形式，如puzzled、 confused、 frightened、 excited、 surprised等用来描述人的心理活动，还可以修饰与人有关的名词，如look、 voice、 expression等。
amount n.数量vt.& vi.合计；总计
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Due to high seawater temperatures， a large amount of coral （kill）.
②It was tiring work， but I looked forward to the pay， even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount .
【写美】 完成句子
③（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Because the system is automated， it significantly reduces .
由于该系统是自动化的，因此它大大减少了植物生长所需的水量。
【归纳】
（1）a large/small amount of＋不可数名词 大/少量的（作主语时谓语用单数）
large/small amounts of＋不可数名词 大/少量的（作主语时谓语用复数）
in large amounts 大量地
（2）amount to 合计；共计；等同于
【佳句】 In order to keep healthy， it is necessary to take a proper amount of exercise regularly. （建议信）
为了保持健康，有规律地做适量的运动是必要的。
concentrate vi.& vt.集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（人教必修二）Rachel is listening to peaceful music to help her concentrate her studying.
②The noise outside almost drives me crazy， so I can’t concentrate my attention on （solve） the problem at all. （心理描写）
【写美】 句式升级
③He concentrated his mind on his work and didn’t notice my appearance.
→ ，he didn’t notice my appearance.（with复合结构）
→ ， he didn’t notice my appearance.（独立主格结构）
【归纳】
（1）concentrate on （doing） sth 专心于（做）某事；集中精力于（做）某事
（2）concentrate one’s mind/attention/energy on 把心思/注意力/精力集中于……
（3）concentration n. 专注，专心
【佳句】 He paused and narrowed his eyes in concentration， with his expression growing solemn.（神情描写）
他停下来，眯起眼睛专注地看着，脸上的表情显得严肃起来。
【点津】 表示“集中精力于……；专心于……”的短语还有focus/fix one’s attention on sth、be absorbed in sth、be buried in sth、put one’s heart into sth。
end up 最终成为，最终处于
【练通】 单句语法填空/用end的相关短语填空
①（2023·1月浙江卷）Often，they’ll end up （fill） the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds.
②（2023·全国甲卷）He one of the greatest poets in Chinese history and is honored as the Poet-Sage.
③Whoever gets into the bad habit of taking drugs is sure to prison.
【写美】 完成句子
④He made it，and his performance from the crowd.
他成功了，他的表现最终赢得了观众的热烈掌声。
【归纳】
end up with 以……结束（指以某种方式结束）
end up as 作为……而结束
end up doing sth 以做……而告终
end up in 以……结束（后接表示抽象概念的名词）
end in sth 以……结尾；以……为结果
【佳句】 He says walking， enjoying mountains and water， and just enjoying the simplicity and primitivism of life can lead you to a destination you end up truly loving.
他说，行走、看山看水，或者仅仅享受生活的简单和自然，都能让你到达你最终会真正爱上的目的地。
the reason why ... is （that） ...
One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is pressure from school or work.
人们晚上没能睡个好觉的原因之一是来自学校或工作的压力。
【写美】 完成句子
①（北师大必修三） when we experience things for the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.
这是因为我们第一次经历事物时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或者兴奋感。
②I will have an important meeting to attend， and .
我将有一个重要的会议要参加，这就是我不能和你一起去书店的原因。
【归纳】
（1）The reason why ...is/was that ...“……的原因是……”，表语从句常用that引导。
（2）This/That is why ...“这/那就是为什么……”，why从句表示结果。
（3）This/That is because ...“这/那是因为……”，because从句表示原因。
【佳句】 （外研必修一）Sadly， human activity is the main reason why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.
不幸的是，人类活动是造成其数量下降的主要原因。
Now what air pollution can bring us is still hanging over more and more people.However， it is no use （complain）.As far as I’m concerned， it is urgent to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.As scheduled， more trees should be planted immediately instead of being cut down because trees can take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen，which contributes to improving the quality of air. 微技能热身 1.①处应填入单词的正确形式为 。 2.②处raise one’s awareness of意为“ ”。 3.③处使用了情态动词的被动语态，其结构为： 。 4.④处carbon dioxide意为“ ”。
schedule n.日程安排，工作计划；时间表 vt.为……安排时间
【练通】 单句语法填空/用schedule的相关短语填空
①The trip is scheduled （start） on 21 December in New York City and continue on to Milan.
②We should work extra hours on the project to complete it or even .
【写美】 句式升级
③According to our plan， we held the English Talent Show today.
→ ， we held the English Talent Show today.（状语从句的省略）
【归纳】
（1）as scheduled＝as planned 按照计划
be scheduled to do sth 预定或按时间安排做某事
scheduled time 预定时间
（2）on schedule＝on time 按时，准时，按预定计划
ahead of schedule＝ahead of time 提前
according to schedule 按照计划或进度
【佳句】 The exhibition is scheduled to take place in the football field from 8：00 a.m.to 11：00 a.m.， lasting 3 hours. （通知）
展览定于上午8点至11点在足球场举行，时长3个小时。
immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Susan had been promoted to receptionist， but he recognized her （immediate） and addressed her by name.
【写美】 一句多译
②我们一到海边就围成一圈开始野餐。
→ ， we sat in a circle and started our picnic.（the instant/minute/moment）
→ ， we sat in a circle and started our picnic.（on/upon）
【归纳】
（1）一……就（后跟时间状语从句）
（2）immediate adj. 立即的；即时的；急迫的
【佳句】 （北师大选必四）Marilla saw Matthew in the front yard and immediately rushed to the door.
玛丽拉看见马修到前院了，立刻冲到门口。
【点津】 “一……就……”的其他表达方式还有on/upon＋名词/doing ...、no sooner ...than ...、hardly/scarcely ...when ...。
contribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加；（为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目）撰稿
【练通】 单句语法填空
①When young， I made it a rule to contribute one article the newspaper on a monthly basis.
②When （contribute） were made by geniuses outside the club — women， or people of a different color or belief — they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
【写美】 完成句子
③As far as I am concerned，reading the English newspaper regularly does . （短文投稿）
在我看来，经常读英文报纸的确有助于提高我的英语水平。
【归纳】
（1）contribute ...to ... 把……贡献给……；把（时间等）投入……；捐款；投稿
contribute to 有助于；导致；促成，造成
（2）contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠
make contributions/a contribution to ... 为……作出贡献
【佳句】 The compass， papermaking， gunpowder， and printing are called the Four Great Inventions that China contributed to the world.
指南针、造纸术、火药和印刷术被称为“四大发明”，是中国对世界作出的贡献。
【点津】 “导致”的表达还有lead to、 result in、 cause、 bring about、 give rise to、 generate。
hang over使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
【练通】 用hang的相关短语填空
①Someone called me up in the middle of the night but before I could answer the phone.
②Whenever work gets overwhelming， I like to at a quiet café， where I can decompress and gather my thoughts.
【写美】 完成句子
③There was a time when doing nothing.
有一段时间他整天无所事事，到处闲逛。
【归纳】
hang up 挂起来；挂断电话
hang on 不挂断，稍等；（在逆境中）坚持；紧紧握住
hang on to 抓紧；保留
hang about/around 徘徊，闲逛
hang out 闲待；厮混；闲荡
【佳句】 Her heart was broken and the cloud of gloom was hanging over her. （情绪描写）
她的心都碎了，整个人笼罩在沮丧的阴云之中。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.skip
A.vt.不参加；悄悄溜走 B.vt.不做（应做的事情等） C.vi.跳绳 D.n.蹦跳
（1）The girls were skipping on the playground.
（2）（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.
（3）Skipping class is of no benefit to students.
（4）She gave a skip and a jump and was off down the street.
2. content
A.adj.满足的，满意的 B.vt.使满足，使满意 C.n.内容 D.n.目录
（1）（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material？
（2）We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only and should apply theory to practice.
（3）Those who are content with their present situations will surely make no difference in life.
（4）It is advisable to look at the contents page of a book before buying it.
3.take in
A.摄入，吸收 B.欺骗 C.领会，理解 D.收留
（1）When you use more energy than you take in through food， you lose weight.
（2）The kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless stranger.
（3）I acknowledged that I hardly took in what the teacher said in class， which made me in low spirits.
（4）Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.
4.词义猜测
（1）As is known to all，political power depends upon economic strength.
（2）The function of a chairman is to lead and control the meeting.
（3）At that time， China was poor.No institute or university in China offered rocket science as a major， and there were no talents or experts in this field in China.
（4）Her face was in deep shadow， so I couldn’t recognize who she is.
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world， it’s actually concentrated to a small number of （extreme） popular spots.
2.All these stadiums are still （function），still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
3.（2025·无锡名校联考）Perhaps one of the most （energy） was Percy Fawcett， who started exploring at the start of the 20th century.
4.Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most （talent） individuals.
5.Let’s plant more trees and flowers to （beauty） our city.
6.She expresses her （individual） through her clothes.
7.When an animal is attack， it can run away or fight back.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.She has been trying to （减肥） by exercising regularly and eating healthier foods.
2.Although the medication helped with her condition， it also had some unpleasant （副作用）.
3.Trying to convince him to change his mind is like （打一场无望取胜的仗）； he’s too stubborn.
4. （不吃饭） is not a good way to lose weight.
5.We should （保持均衡饮食） to stay healthy.
6.Some people （依靠减肥药） to control their weight， which is very dangerous.
7.People should not be judged only by their （外表）.
8.It’s good for your health to （作息有规律）.
9.The use of too much plastic （对环境有负面影响）.
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
活动介绍——成人礼活动
第一步 练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.上周，我们学校在操场为我们高三学生安排了隆重的成人礼活动。
2.校长祝贺我们步入成年，回顾了过去三年来我们在校的成绩，她以我们为骄傲。（achievement； take pride in）
3.观看以前的校友们为国家荣誉所做的一切的视频，我们深受鼓舞。（what引导的名词性从句）
4.我感到我们学生不应该仅仅关注外表，更要在乎我们的内在品质。（appearance； what引导的名词性从句；表语从句）
5.我将承担起战胜任何困难的责任，不辜负老师和父母的期望。（responsibility； live up to）
第二步 组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写：concerned；frightened；hang over；negative
动作描写：concentrate；contribute to；attack；guard against；show off
美句 ①Jennifer Jones，15，told friends in her class that she was feeling unwell.She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital. （背景＋动作描写） ②Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter missed breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before.（动作＋情感描写） ③Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can hang over you all the time like a rain cloud. （比喻） ④Keep in mind that your family and friends love you just the way you are. （主旨升华）
情感描写之“难过、沮丧”
词汇 美句
单词 ①disappointed/frustrated adj.沮丧的；失望的 ②upset adj.难过的；失望的；沮丧的 ③heartbroken adj.心碎的；极为悲伤的 ④weep v.哭泣，流泪 n.哭泣；落泪 ⑤sob v.啜泣；哭诉 n.呜咽（声） ⑥tear n.泪水，眼泪 ⑦depress v.使抑郁；使失去信心→depressed adj.抑郁的；意志消沉的→depression n.消沉；抑郁（症） ⑧sorrow n.悲伤 v.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的 ⑨sad adj.悲伤的→sadness n.悲伤 ①（2025·连云港一模）“Nobody is interested in me.Mum and dad only think about their work，” she thought sadly. “没有人关心我。爸爸妈妈只想着他们的工作，”她悲伤地想道。 ②I felt so sad that I cried unconsciously， unable to hold back my tears. 我如此难过以至于无意识地哭了，无法抑制我的眼泪。 ③He paused，and covered his face with his hands/buried/hid his face in his hands， too upset to speak. 他停下来，双手掩面，难过得说不下去了。 ④She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help weeping/sobbing bitterly. 她悲伤不已，忍不住痛哭起来。
词块 ①well up （眼泪等）涌出 ②hold/fight back tears 抑制住泪水 ③in a sorrowful tone/voice 伤心地说 ④be down/low in spirits 情绪低落 ⑤tears stream down one’s face 泪流满面 ⑥sob/weep with one’s face hidden in one’s hands掩面啜泣/哭泣
情境导语 发现自己未能被那所重点大学录取，她……
第一步 完成句子
1.当女孩看到这个消息时，她情绪消沉。
When the girl saw the news， .（简单句）
2.她痛苦地抽泣着，品尝着脸上流下来的咸咸的泪水。
， tasting the salty tears .（情感描写；定语从句）
3.妈妈忍住泪水，拍了拍她的肩膀，鼓励她下一年再尝试参加高考。
Her mother and patted her on the shoulder， taking the College Entrance Examination again the next year.（非谓语动词作状语）
4.她抬起头，泪水再次从眼中涌出。
She lifted her head and .（简单句）
5.这时老师的话不时地在她耳边回荡：“只要坚持自己的目标，永不放弃，你最终会成功。”
At this moment， the teacher’s words echoed in her ears from time to time， “As long as ， you will eventually succeed.”（语言描写）
第二步 连句成文
（2022·全国乙卷）The Government’s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate， the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April， 2016， the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml， was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity （肥胖）.It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar， putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the Treasury.However， data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount.At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April， 2019， which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers （制造商） so they can avoid paying the tax.Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers’ efforts to avoid the charge， according to Treasury figures.Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import， depending on the sugar content.
However， some high sugar brands， like Classic Coca Cola， have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers.Fruit juices， milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax， as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today’s figures， according to one government official， show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities （设施） and healthier eating in schools.Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance， and the industry is playing its part.
32.Why was the sugar tax introduced？（ ）
A.To collect money for schools.
B.To improve the quality of drinks.
C.To protect children’s health.
D.To encourage research in education.
33.How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax？（ ）
A.They turned to overseas markets.
B.They raised the prices of their products.
C.They cut down on their production.
D.They reduced their products’ sugar content.
34.From which of the following is the sugar tax collected？（ ）
A.Most alcoholic drinks.
B.Milk-based drinks.
C.Fruit juices.
D.Classic Coke.
35.What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy？（ ）
A.It is a short-sighted decision.
B.It is a success story.
C.It benefits manufacturers.
D.It upsets customers.
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1.generate v. 产生；引起
2.initially adv. 最初，开始
3.import v. 进口
4.content n.内容；目录；所含物，容纳的东西
5.brand n. 品牌，商标
6.alcoholic adj. 含酒精的
7.obesity n. 肥胖；肥胖症 （课标外词汇）
8.manufacturer n. 生产者；制造商 （课标外词汇）
（二）由文本积主题词块
1.bring in 赚得；引入；推行
2.apply to soft drinks 适用于软饮料
3.less than half this amount 不到这个数额的一半
4.pay the tax 纳税
5.depend on the sugar content 取决于糖含量
6.for fear of upsetting consumers 担心惹恼消费者
7.be of great importance 非常重要
8.play one’s part 起作用，尽本分
（三）由文本知变式运用
1.学习构词（派生词/合成词）
（1）official adj.官方的，正式的，公务的 [office （n.）＋后缀-ial]
（2）childhood n.童年；幼年；孩童时期 [child （n.）＋后缀-hood]
（3）sugary adj.含糖的；甜的 [sugar （n.）＋后缀-y]
（4）milk-based adj.牛奶为主的[milk （n.）＋based （v.-ed）]
（5）short-sighted adj.目光短浅的；近视的 [short （adj.）＋sight （n.）＋后缀-ed ]
2.近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）suggested＝ （第二段）
（2）in danger of＝ （第二段）
（3）nowadays＝ （第三段）
（4）due to＝ （第四段）
3.熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）soft [熟义] adj.软的，柔软的
→[生义] adj. （第一段第一句）
（2）introduce [熟义] v.介绍，引进
→[生义] v. （第二段第一句）
（3）consume [熟义] v.消费，消耗
→[生义] v. （第二段第二句）
（四）由文本学靓丽表达
1.Since April drinks companies （被迫为每升含糖饮料支付18到24便士）they produce or import， depending on the sugar content.（现在完成时的被动语态）
2.However， some high sugar brands， like Classic Coca Cola， have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change （担心会惹恼消费者）.（心理描写）
3.Fruit juices， milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax， （每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是如此）.（as引导的倒装句）
（五）由文本探析长难句
First announced in April， 2016， the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml， was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity （肥胖）.
分析：本句的主语为the tax，谓语为 ；过去分词短语 First announced in April， 2016 作 ；which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 。
译文：
UNIT 4 Looking good， feeling good
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身] 1.我的物理老师对我的职业发展有很大影响。 2.When she knew about it 3.that/who 强调句
1.①Effective ②into ③China’s transportation has undergone remarkable transformations， which have had a huge effect/impact on the lives of the Chinese people.
2.①frightened ②frightening ③to skip
④Frightened by the frightening scene
3.①is killed ②to ③the amount of water needed to grow plants
4.①on ②solving ③With his mind concentrated on his work； His mind concentrated on his work
5.①filling ②ended up as ③end up in
④ended up with a storm of applause
6.①This is because
②this is why I can’t go to the bookstore with you
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身] 1.complaining 2.增强某人对……的意识
3.主语＋情态动词＋be＋动词-ed形式 4.二氧化碳
7.①to start ②on schedule； ahead of schedule
③As scheduled/As planned
8.①immediately ②The instant/minute/moment we reached the seaside； On/Upon reaching the seaside
9.①to ②contributions
③contribute to improving my English level
10.①hung up ②hang out ③he hung about/around all day
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）C （2）B （3）A （4）D
2.（1）C （2）B （3）A （4）D
3.（1）A （2）D （3）C （4）B
4.（1）n.实力 （2）n.职责 （3）n.人才 （4）n.昏暗处，阴暗处
维度二
Ⅰ.1.extremely 2.functional 3.energetic 4.talented
5.beautify 6.individuality 7.under
Ⅱ.1.slim down 2.side effects 3.fighting a losing battle
4.Skipping meals 5.keep a balanced diet
6.rely on weight-loss pills 7.physical appearance
8.keep regular hours
9.has a negative effect on the environment
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.Last week， our school arranged a grand coming-of-age ceremony for our Senior Three students on the playground.
2.The principal congratulated us on our entering adulthood， and reviewing our achievements at school over the past three years， she took pride in us.
3.Watching videos of what our previous schoolmates did for national glory， we were greatly encouraged.
4.What I felt is that we students should not only focus on our appearance， but also on our inner quality.
5.I’ll shoulder the responsibility to defeat any difficulties and live up to the expectations of my teachers and parents.
第二步
Last week， our school arranged a grand coming-of-age ceremony for our Senior Three students on the playground.First，the principal congratulated us on our entering adulthood， and reviewing our achievements at school over the past three years， she took pride in us.Then， watching videos of what our previous schoolmates did for national glory， we were greatly encouraged.What I felt is that we students should not only focus on our appearance， but also on our inner quality.I’ll shoulder the responsibility to defeat any difficulties and live up to the expectations of my teachers and parents.
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.she felt down
2.She sobbed bitterly； that ran/rolled/streamed/flowed/poured down her face
3.held/fought back her tears； encouraging her to try
4.tears welled up in her eyes again
5.you persist in your goals and never give up
第二步
When the girl saw the news， she felt down.She sobbed bitterly， tasting the salty tears that ran/rolled/streamed/flowed/poured down her face.Her mother held/fought back her tears and patted her on the shoulder，encouraging her to try taking the College Entrance Examination again the next year.After a while， she lifted her head and tears welled up in her eyes again.At this moment， the teacher’s words echoed in her ears from time to time， “As long as you persist in your goals and never give up， you will eventually succeed.”
【素养·培育落实】
一、做真题
32.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的First announced in April， 2016， the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml， was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity （肥胖）.可知，征收糖税是为了保护孩子们的健康。
33.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers （制造商） so they can avoid paying the tax.可知，一些饮料制造商为了减少税费，降低了所生产饮料的含糖量。
34.D 推理判断题。根据第五段中的However， some high sugar brands， like Classic Coca Cola以及Fruit juices， milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax可知，果汁饮料、奶制品饮料、大部分酒精饮料是免征糖税的，而可口可乐公司是一些高含糖量饮料的生产商。由此可知，需要对Classic Coke征收糖税。
35.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，采取糖税政策是一个成功的案例。
三、再利用
（三）2.（1）recommended （2）at a risk of （3）at present
（4）as a result of
3.（1）不含酒精的 （2）推行；实施；采用 （3）吃；喝；饮
（四）1.have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink
2.for fear of upsetting consumers
3.as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year
（五）was introduced 状语 the tax
该税于2016年4月首次公布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5克的软饮料，征收此税以帮助减少儿童肥胖（问题）。
11 / 12(共137张PPT)
UNIT 4 Looking good， feeling good
高中总复习·英语 (译林版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
素养
培育落实
05
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. yogurt n.酸奶
2. faint vi.昏厥adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的
3. sex n.性别
4. nutrition n.营养
5. plastic adj.可塑的；塑料的n.塑料
6. surgery n.外科手术
7. guy n.小伙子，家伙
8. jeans n.牛仔裤
9. external adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的
10. app n.应用程序，应用软件（application的缩写）
教材例句
11. （人教选必三）While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil，
this technique reached its height with Rembrandt （1606－1669）， who
gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light. n.阴影，影子
12. （北师大必修二）These digital identities， known as avatars， are
a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express
themselves. adj.数码的，数字的
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. a slim figure 苗条的身材
2.50 per cent of my time 我50%的时间
3. have a healthy balanced diet有健康均衡的饮食
4. improve certain brain functions 改善某些大脑机能
5. within just a couple of generations仅仅在几代之内
6. prove to be rather harmful 证明是相当有害的
7. every aspect of our lives 我们生活的方方面面
8. blood pressure issues 血压问题
9. suffer a heart attack 心脏病发作
10. a large amount of waste gas 大量的废气
11. their planned schedule 他们计划的日程
12. have a negative effect 有负面效果
13. the heart of the campus 校园中心
14. as the old saying goes 古话说
15. a series of simple and funny acts 一连串简单、可笑的动作
16. play the piano 弹钢琴
17. a man of many talents 一名多才多艺的男子
18. content n.内容；目录；含量；[pl.]容纳的东西 adj.满足的，满
意的vt.使满足
①be content to live in the country
愿意生活在乡下
②the contents of the building
大楼里的东西
③the contents page of the book 这本书的目录页
语境记忆
19. immediately adv.立即，马上（instantly）；直接地conj.一……就
Most importantly， I will need to learn to swim！ I’ll join a beginner’s
swimming class immediately.
最重要的是，我需要学会游泳！我会马上报个游泳入门班。
20. effect n.效果，作用；影响
I have formed a habit of reading Youth，which has a positive effect on my
life.
我养成了阅读《青春》的习惯，这对我的生活产生了积极影响。
派生词汇识记
1. concentrate vi.& vt.集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注
→concentration n.集中；专注
2. extreme adj.极端的；严重的 n.极端不同的感情（或境况、行为方
式等）→extremely adv.极端地
3. concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的→concern n.担
心，忧虑；关心vt.涉及；让（某人）担忧→concerning prep.关于
4. energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→energy n.精力；活
力；能量
5. frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的→frightening adj.令人恐惧
的→frighten vt.使恐惧
6. contribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加
→contribution n.贡献→contributor n.捐赠者；投稿人
7. memory n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆→memorize v.记忆，记住
8. treatment n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理→treat vt.治疗；对待
9. addition n.增加，添加；加法→add v.增加；添加；补充说
→additional adj.附加的，添加的
10. beauty n.美，美丽；美人，美好的东西→beautiful adj.美丽的
→beautify vt.美化；使更美丽
11. fashion n.时尚，时兴；流行款式→fashionable adj.时尚的；
流行的
12. strength n.优势；力气，力量；实力→strengthen v.巩固，加强
→strong adj.强壮的
13. achievement n.成就，成绩；达到，完成→achieve v.完成，达到
1. pass out 昏迷，失去知觉
2. slim down 变苗条，减肥
3. side effect 副作用
4. take in 摄入，吸收
5. get into shape 强身健体
6. contribute to 促成，造成
7. in the short/long term 从短期/长期看
8. in addition 此外
9. hang over 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
10. guard against 防范，防止，提防
11. fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗
12. live up to 达到，符合，不辜负
13. end up 最终成为，最终处于
14. show off 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
15. take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲
16. stick to 坚持
17. weight-loss pills 减肥药
18. judge a book by its cover 以貌取人
19. physical appearance 外表
20. live in one’s shadow 生活在某人的阴影下
21. keep regular hours 作息有规律
22. have a negative effect on the environment
对环境有负面影响
23. plastic surgery 整形手术；整形外科
1. 句式：where引导定语从句
原句：In a society where being thin is often seen as being
beautiful，teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim
down quickly.在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助
极端的方法来快速减肥。
2. 句式：what引导宾语从句
原句：Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence on what
you think of your physical appearance.
媒体中的美的标准会对你如何看待你的外表产生很大的影响。
3. 句式：非谓语动词作主语和定语
原句：“Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simple way to
reach her target weight，” her friend Laura Williams told our reporter.
“珍妮弗认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的简单方法，”她的朋友劳
拉·威廉姆斯告诉我们的记者。
To keep slim，some teenagers use some extreme methods.Some
skip meals， which has a negative effect on their health.Some even faint
in class.Others take pills to lose weight.These pills prove to be harmful to
lungs， liver， stomach and so on.
Health experts are concerned about that and they give some
tips.Firstly，do not follow popular beauty blindly.Besides， have a
balanced diet， exercise to reduce pressure and keep energetic.Do
concentrate on the things they are good at and show their own talents.In
a word，“Don’t judge a book by its cover.” Whether they’re thin or
fat， their parents and friends will always love them.
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.yogurt n.酸奶
□2.faint vi.昏厥
adj.昏眩的；微弱的；可能性不大的
□3.sex n.性别
□4.nutrition n.营养
□5.plastic adj.可塑的；塑料的n.塑料
□6.surgery n.外科手术
□7.guy n.小伙子，家伙
□8.jeans n.牛仔裤
□9.shadow n.阴影，影子；昏暗处，阴暗处
□10.digital adj.数码的，数字的
□11.external adj.外来的，外在的；外面的，外部的
□12.app n.应用程序，应用软件 （application的缩写）
核心单词练通
1. vt.不做（应做的事情等）；跳过
vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过
2. n.百分之……
3. n.效果，作用；影响
4. linking v.后来被发现是 vt.证明，证实
5. n.日常饮食；节食vi.节食，进行规定饮食
6. prep.在（某段时间）之内；在（某段距离、范围）之
内；在……里
7. adv.相反，而是；相当；更准确地说
skip
per cent
effect
prove
diet
within
rather
8. n.方面，层面
9. n.数量
10. n.发作；攻击；抨击
vt.& vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击
aspect
amount
attack
11. n.（大学、学院的）校园，校区
12. n.格言，谚语，警句
13. adj.男性的；雄性的n.男性，雄性
14. n.钢琴
15. n.内容；目录
campus
saying
male
piano
content
单词拼写
1. （2023·新课标Ⅱ卷）To serve its （功能）， a book
must be activated by a user.
2. （人教必修一）I always wanted to look like the （苗条的）
girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible.
3. （北师大选必二）As early as primary school， Rowan had already
shown a （天赋） for acting， but it was only later at
university that he decided to become an actor.
function
slim
talent
4. （外研必修三）I’ll join a beginner’s swimming
class （立即）.Then I’ll be able to survive even when
the tall buildings are flooded.
5. （外研必修二）The voices themselves sounded really unique — some
of the （女性的） voices were so high that I was sure they
could break glass！
6. Nowadays many young people are under great （压力）
and often stay up.
immediately
female
pressure
7. In my diary， I set down a （一系列） of things that are all
based upon facts.
8. According to （日程安排）， the contest will be
launched in the school lecture hall at 2：00 p.m. this Saturday.
series
schedule
拓展单词用活
记全记牢
1. adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的
→ n.关心，担心
2. adv.稍微，略微→ adj.轻微的；细小的
3. n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆→ v.记
住，记忆→ n.纪念碑
4. n.治疗；对待，待遇；处理→ vt.治
疗；对待
concerned
concern
slightly
slight
memory
memorize
memorial
treatment
treat
5. n.增加，添加；加法→ v.增加，添加
6. n.时尚，时兴；流行款式→ adj.流行
的；时髦的
7. n.个性，个人特征→ n.个人
addition
add
fashion
fashionable
individuality
individual
拓展单词用活
用准用活
1. Knowing our is very important.But the most important is
to the ties with the people around us.（strength）
2. After seeing the film， the boy was too
to walk home alone in the dark.（fright）
3. Don’t admire his .You will also your
ambition if you work hard.（achieve）
strengths
strengthen
frightening
frightened
achievements
achieve
4. Although my grandpa is over seventy years old， he
is .Whenever I see him， he is full of .（energy）
5. I am happy to hear that you have recovered
from sadness.（extreme）
energetic
energy
extremely
extreme
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
第一组
1. 昏迷，失去知觉
2. 变苗条，减肥
3. 副作用
4. 摄入，吸收
5. 强身健体
6. 促成，造成；作出贡献
7. 从短期/长期看
8. 为……自豪，为……骄傲
pass out
slim down
side effect
take in
get into shape
contribute to
in the short/long term
take pride in
第二组
1. 此外
2. 使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
3. 防范，防止，提防
4. 打一场无望取胜的仗
5. 达到，符合，不辜负
6. 最终成为，最终处于
7. 显示，展示；炫耀，卖弄
8. 作息有规律
in addition
hang over
guard against
fight a losing battle
live up to
end up
show off
keep regular hours
选用上面短语填空
1. （人教选必二）Tuition fees and living expenses are much more
expensive than at home and could costing most families an
arm and a leg.
2. （外研选必二）Because I the household bills and
my commute to work is quite expensive， I find it hard to save any
money.
3. I couldn’t the professor’s lecture at all.It was too
difficult for me.
end up
contribute to
take in
4. With a broad smile on her face， 15-year-old Jenny rushed to her
mom’s room to her new painting.
5. Tom was independent and earned much money， which
his parents’ expectations.
6. For anyone who wants to ， rock climbing is a fun
and effective way to exercise muscles.
7. Tired and hungry， the poor fellow in the street
suddenly.
show off
lived up
to
get into shape
passed out
（三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：the reason
why ...is （that） ... 教材原句：One of the
reasons why people fail to
get a good night’s sleep is
pressure from school or
work. 1.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）我反对把学生随
机分组进行口语练习的原因是他们不能
很好地合作。
for oral
practice
.
The reason why I’m against randomly
dividing students into pairs
is that they couldn’t cooperate
well
（三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：主语＋be＋形容词＋to do 教材原句：Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars are fighting a losing battle — these
standards are simply impossible for most of the population to live up to. 2.（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）作为一名杰出的
外语教师，您的观点会很容易被接受。
As a distinguished foreign language
teacher，
.
your opinion will be easy
to accept
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
My physics teacher had a great effect on my caree
r growth.At one time I was frightened of learning physics. Knowing about it， she spent a large amount of time doing me a favour to get rid of the anxiety.She told me the reason why physics was difficult to learn was that I didn’t change the way to learn it.It was she made me confirm my belief of choosing physics.Later on， I concentrated on my study and ended up as a famous bridge expert.
微技能热身
1. 把句①翻译成汉语：
2. ②处Knowing about it是动词-ing短语作状语，相当于一个状语从
句： 。
3. ③处应填 ，构成 。
我的物理老师对我的职业发展有很大影
响。
When she knew about it
that/who
强调句
effect n.效果，作用；影响
【练通】 单句语法填空
① （effect）time management not only leads to increased
productivity， but reduces stress.
②Before the new law comes effect， I hope we can take
measures to protect the rare animals.
Effective
into
【写美】 翻译句子
③中国的交通经历了显著变革，这对中国人民的生活产生了巨大影
响。（发言稿）
China’s transportation has undergone remarkable transformations，
which have had a huge effect/impact on the lives of the Chinese people.
【归纳】
（1）side effect 副作用
have an effect on 对……有影响
bring/carry/put ...into effect 实施/生效
come into effect 开始生效
take effect 生效；见效
in effect/in fact/in reality 事实上；实际上
（2）effective adj. 有效的；生效的
【佳句】 One of the most effective ways to reduce stress is to talk about
feelings with someone you trust.（建议信）
减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是和你信任的人谈谈感受。
frightened adj.害怕的，惊吓的，受惊的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（人教必修一）This morning，I was worried that no one would talk to
me.But I was wrong.I didn’t feel awkward or
（frighten） at all.
②It was disturbing and （frighten） that the robot looked
so human.
③Because of her last terrible experience， she is frightened
（skip） meals to lose weight.
frightened
frightening
to skip
【写美】 句式升级
④She was frightened by the frightening scene.She trembled from head to
foot.
→ ， she trembled from head to
foot.（分词短语作状语）
Frightened by the frightening scene
【归纳】
（1）frightening adj. （事物）令人恐惧的，可怕的
（2）frighten vt. 使吃惊；惊吓
frighten sb into/out of doing sth 吓得某人做/不敢做某事
frighten ...away/off 吓走/跑……
frighten sb to death 把某人吓得要死
【佳句】 The more she thought about it，the more frightened she felt，
her palms sweating and her heart pounding wildly.（心理描写）
她越想这件事，就越感到害怕，手心冒汗，心跳得厉害。
【点津】 形容词化的动词-ed形式，如puzzled、 confused、
frightened、 excited、 surprised等用来描述人的心理活动，还可以修饰
与人有关的名词，如look、 voice、 expression等。
amount n.数量vt.& vi.合计；总计
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Due to high seawater temperatures， a large amount of coral
（kill）.
②It was tiring work， but I looked forward to the pay， even though I
wasn’t sure how much it would amount .
is
killed
to
【写美】 完成句子
③（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Because the system is automated， it
significantly reduces .由于
该系统是自动化的，因此它大大减少了植物生长所需的水量。
the amount of water needed to grow plants
【归纳】
（1）a large/small amount of＋不可数名词 大/少量的（作主语时谓语
用单数）
large/small amounts of＋不可数名词 大/少量的（作主语时谓语
用复数）
in large amounts 大量地
（2）amount to 合计；共计；等同于
【佳句】 In order to keep healthy， it is necessary to take a proper
amount of exercise regularly.（建议信）
为了保持健康，有规律地做适量的运动是必要的。
concentrate vi.& vt.集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（人教必修二）Rachel is listening to peaceful music to help her
concentrate her studying.
②The noise outside almost drives me crazy， so I can’t concentrate my
attention on （solve） the problem at all.（心理描写）
on
solving
【写美】 句式升级
③He concentrated his mind on his work and didn’t notice my
appearance.
→ ，he didn’t notice my
appearance.（with复合结构）
→ ， he didn’t notice my
appearance.（独立主格结构）
With his mind concentrated on his work
His mind concentrated on his work
【归纳】
（1）concentrate on （doing） sth
专心于（做）某事；集中精力于（做）某事
（2）concentrate one’s mind/attention/energy on
把心思/注意力/精力集中于……
（3）concentration n. 专注，专心
【佳句】 He paused and narrowed his eyes in concentration， with his
expression growing solemn.（神情描写）
他停下来，眯起眼睛专注地看着，脸上的表情显得严肃起来。
【点津】 表示“集中精力于……；专心于……”的短语还有focus/fix
one’s attention on sth、be absorbed in sth、be buried in sth、put one’s
heart into sth。
end up 最终成为，最终处于
【练通】 单句语法填空/用end的相关短语填空
①（2023·1月浙江卷）Often，they’ll end up （fill） the
area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds.
②（2023·全国甲卷）He one of the greatest poets in
Chinese history and is honored as the Poet-Sage.
③Whoever gets into the bad habit of taking drugs is sure to
prison.
filling
ended up as
end up in
【写美】 完成句子
④He made it，and his performance
from the crowd.
他成功了，他的表现最终赢得了观众的热烈掌声。
ended up with a storm of
applause
【归纳】
end up with 以……结束（指以某种方式结束）
end up as 作为……而结束
end up doing sth 以做……而告终
end up in 以……结束（后接表示抽象概念的名词）
end in sth 以……结尾；以……为结果
【佳句】 He says walking， enjoying mountains and water， and just
enjoying the simplicity and primitivism of life can lead you to a destination
you end up truly loving.
他说，行走、看山看水，或者仅仅享受生活的简单和自然，都能让你
到达你最终会真正爱上的目的地。
the reason why ... is （that） ...
One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night’s sleep is
pressure from school or work.
人们晚上没能睡个好觉的原因之一是来自学校或工作的压力。
【写美】 完成句子
①（北师大必修三） when we experience things for
the first time，we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.
这是因为我们第一次经历事物时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或者
兴奋感。
②I will have an important meeting to attend， and
.
我将有一个重要的会议要参加，这就是我不能和你一起去书店的
原因。
This is because
this is why I can’t
go to the bookstore with you
【归纳】
（1）The reason why ...is/was that ...“……的原因是……”，表语
从句常用that引导。
（2）This/That is why ...“这/那就是为什么……”，why从句表
示结果。
（3）This/That is because ...“这/那是因为……”，because从句表示
原因。
【佳句】 （外研必修一）Sadly， human activity is the main reason
why the number of monarch butterflies is falling.
不幸的是，人类活动是造成其数量下降的主要原因。
Now what air pollution can bring us is still hanging over more and more people.However， it is no use （complain）.
As far as I’m concerned， it is urgent to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.As scheduled， more trees should be planted immediately instead of being cut down because trees can take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen，which contributes to improving the quality
of air.
微技能热身
1. ①处应填入单词的正确形式为 。
2. ②处raise one’s awareness of意为“
”。
3. ③处使用了情态动词的被动语态，其结构为：
。
4. ④处carbon dioxide意为“ ”。
complaining
增强某人对……的意
识
主语＋情态动词＋
be＋动词-ed形式
二氧化碳
schedule n.日程安排，工作计划；时间表 vt.为……安排时间
【练通】 单句语法填空/用schedule的相关短语填空
①The trip is scheduled （start） on 21 December in New
York City and continue on to Milan.
②We should work extra hours on the project to complete it
or even .
to start
on
schedule
ahead of schedule
【写美】 句式升级
③According to our plan， we held the English Talent Show today.
→ ， we held the English Talent Show
today.（状语从句的省略）
As scheduled/As planned
【归纳】
（1）as scheduled＝as planned 按照计划
be scheduled to do sth 预定或按时间安排做某事
scheduled time 预定时间
（2）on schedule＝on time 按时，准时，按预定计划
ahead of schedule＝ahead of time 提前
according to schedule 按照计划或进度
【佳句】 The exhibition is scheduled to take place in the football field
from 8：00 a.m.to 11：00 a.m.， lasting 3 hours.（通知）
展览定于上午8点至11点在足球场举行，时长3个小时。
immediately adv.立即，马上 conj.一……就
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Susan had been promoted to receptionist， but
he recognized her （immediate） and addressed her by
name.
immediately
【写美】 一句多译
②我们一到海边就围成一圈开始野餐。
→ ， we sat in a
circle and started our picnic.（the instant/minute/moment）
→ ， we sat in a circle and started our
picnic.（on/upon）
The instant/minute/moment we reached the seaside
On/Upon reaching the seaside
【归纳】
（1）一……就（后跟时间状语
从句）
（2）immediate adj. 立即的；即时的；急迫的
【佳句】 （北师大选必四）Marilla saw Matthew in the front yard and
immediately rushed to the door.
玛丽拉看见马修到前院了，立刻冲到门口。
【点津】 “一……就……”的其他表达方式还有on/upon＋名词
/doing ...、no sooner ...than ...、hardly/scarcely ...when ...。
contribute vi.& vt.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加；
（为报纸、杂志、电台或电视节目）撰稿
【练通】 单句语法填空
①When young， I made it a rule to contribute one article the
newspaper on a monthly basis.
②When （contribute） were made by geniuses outside
the club — women， or people of a different color or belief — they were
unacknowledged and rejected by others.
to
contributions
【写美】 完成句子
③As far as I am concerned，reading the English newspaper regularly
does .（短文投稿）
在我看来，经常读英文报纸的确有助于提高我的英语水平。
contribute to improving my English level
【归纳】
（1）contribute ...to ... 把……贡献给……；把（时间等）投
入……；捐款；投稿
contribute to 有助于；导致；促成，造成
（2）contribution n. 贡献；捐款；捐赠
make contributions/a contribution to ... 为……作出贡献
【佳句】 The compass， papermaking， gunpowder， and printing are
called the Four Great Inventions that China contributed to the world.指南
针、造纸术、火药和印刷术被称为“四大发明”，是中国对世界作出
的贡献。
【点津】 “导致”的表达还有lead to、 result in、 cause、 bring
about、 give rise to、 generate。
hang over使忧心忡忡，担心可能发生
【练通】 用hang的相关短语填空
①Someone called me up in the middle of the night but
before I could answer the phone.
②Whenever work gets overwhelming， I like to at a quiet
café， where I can decompress and gather my thoughts.
hung up
hang out
【写美】 完成句子
③There was a time when doing
nothing.
有一段时间他整天无所事事，到处闲逛。
he hung about/around all day
【归纳】
hang up 挂起来；挂断电话
hang on 不挂断，稍等；（在逆境中）坚持；紧紧握住
hang on to 抓紧；保留
hang about/around 徘徊，闲逛
hang out 闲待；厮混；闲荡
【佳句】 Her heart was broken and the cloud of gloom was hanging over
her.（情绪描写）
她的心都碎了，整个人笼罩在沮丧的阴云之中。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. skip
A. vt.不参加；悄悄溜走 B. vt.不做（应做的事情等）
C. vi.跳绳 D. n.蹦跳
（1）The girls were skipping on the playground.
（2）（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Minimize impact and maximize experience
by skipping major holidays or rush hour.
（3）Skipping class is of no benefit to students.
（4）She gave a skip and a jump and was off down the street.
C
B
A
D
2. content
A. adj.满足的，满意的 B. vt.使满足，使满意
C. n.内容 D. n.目录
（1）（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）And are listening to and viewing
content as effective as reading the written word when covering the
same material？
（2）We should never content ourselves with book knowledge only and
should apply theory to practice.
C
B
（3）Those who are content with their present situations will surely make
no difference in life.
（4）It is advisable to look at the contents page of a book before buying
it.
A
D
3. take in
A. 摄入，吸收 B. 欺骗 C. 领会，理解 D. 收留
（1）When you use more energy than you take in through food， you
lose weight.
（2）The kind old lady offered to take in the poor homeless
stranger.
（3）I acknowledged that I hardly took in what the teacher said in class，
which made me in low spirits.
（4）Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight
quickly.
A
D
C
B
4. 词义猜测
（1）As is known to all，political power depends upon economic
strength.
（2）The function of a chairman is to lead and control the meeting.
（3）At that time， China was poor.No institute or university in China
offered rocket science as a major， and there were no talents or experts in
this field in China.
（4）Her face was in deep shadow， so I couldn’t recognize who she
is.
n.实力
n.职责
n.人才
n.昏暗处，阴暗处
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Though overtourism is described as a problem
affecting the entire world， it’s actually concentrated to a small number
of （extreme） popular spots.
2. All these stadiums are still （function），still open and
still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
3. （2025·无锡名校联考）Perhaps one of the most
（energy） was Percy Fawcett， who started exploring at the start of the
20th century.
extremely
functional
energetic
4. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a
group of the most （talent） individuals.
5. Let’s plant more trees and flowers to （beauty） our
city.
6. She expresses her （individual） through her
clothes.
7. When an animal is attack， it can run away or fight back.
talented
beautify
individuality
under
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. She has been trying to （减肥） by exercising
regularly and eating healthier foods.
2. Although the medication helped with her condition， it also had some
unpleasant （副作用）.
3. Trying to convince him to change his mind is like
（打一场无望取胜的仗）； he’s too stubborn.
4. （不吃饭） is not a good way to lose weight.
slim down
side effects
fighting a losing
battle
Skipping meals
5. We should （保持均衡饮食） to stay
healthy.
6. Some people （依靠减肥药） to control
their weight， which is very dangerous.
7. People should not be judged only by their
（外表）.
8. It’s good for your health to （作息有规律）.
9. The use of too much plastic
（对环境有负面影响）.
keep a balanced diet
rely on weight-loss pills
physical appearance
keep regular hours
has a negative effect on the
environment
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
第一步 练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 上周，我们学校在操场为我们高三学生安排了隆重的成人礼活动。
Last week， our school arranged a grand coming-of-age ceremony for our
Senior Three students on the playground.
活动介绍——成人礼活动
2. 校长祝贺我们步入成年，回顾了过去三年来我们在校的成绩，她以
我们为骄傲。（achievement； take pride in）
3. 观看以前的校友们为国家荣誉所做的一切的视频，我们深受鼓舞。
（what引导的名词性从句）
The principal congratulated us on our entering adulthood， and reviewing
our achievements at school over the past three years， she took pride in
us.
Watching videos of what our previous schoolmates did for national glory，
we were greatly encouraged.
4. 我感到我们学生不应该仅仅关注外表，更要在乎我们的内在品质。
（appearance； what引导的名词性从句；表语从句）
5. 我将承担起战胜任何困难的责任，不辜负老师和父母的期望。
（responsibility； live up to）
What I felt is that we students should not only focus on our appearance，
but also on our inner quality.
I’ll shoulder the responsibility to defeat any difficulties and live up to the
expectations of my teachers and parents.
第二步 组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Last week， our school arranged a grand coming-of-age ceremony
for our Senior Three students on the playground.First，the principal
congratulated us on our entering adulthood， and reviewing our
achievements at school over the past three years， she took pride in
us.Then， watching videos of what our previous schoolmates did for
national glory， we were greatly encouraged.What I felt is that we
students should not only focus on our appearance， but also on our inner
quality.I’ll shoulder the responsibility to defeat any difficulties and live
up to the expectations of my teachers and parents.
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮
词 情感描写：concerned；frightened；hang over；negative
动作描写：concentrate；contribute to；attack；guard against；show off
美
句 ①Jennifer Jones，15，told friends in her class that she was feeling
unwell.She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was
rushed to hospital.（背景＋动作描写）
②Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter missed
breakfast that day and hardly touched her dinner the night before.
（动作＋情感描写）
③Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can hang over you all
the time like a rain cloud.（比喻）
④Keep in mind that your family and friends love you just the way
you are.（主旨升华）
情感描写之“难过、沮丧”
词汇
单
词 ①disappointed/frustrated adj.沮丧的；失望的
②upset adj.难过的；失望的；沮丧的
③heartbroken adj.心碎的；极为悲伤的
④weep v.哭泣，流泪 n.哭泣；落泪
⑤sob v.啜泣；哭诉 n.呜咽（声）
⑥tear n.泪水，眼泪
⑦depress v.使抑郁；使失去信心
→depressed adj.抑郁的；意志消沉
的→depression n.消沉；抑郁（症）
⑧sorrow n.悲伤 v.感到悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤的
⑨sad adj.悲伤的→sadness n.悲伤
词
块 ①well up （眼泪等）涌出
②hold/fight back tears 抑制住泪水
③in a sorrowful tone/voice 伤心地说
④be down/low in spirits 情绪低落
⑤tears stream down one’s face 泪流满面
⑥sob/weep with one’s face hidden in one’s hands
掩面啜泣/哭泣
美句
①（2025·连云港一模）“Nobody is interested in me.Mum and dad only think about their work，” she thought sadly.
“没有人关心我。爸爸妈妈只想着他们的工作，”她悲伤地想道。
②I felt so sad that I cried unconsciously， unable to hold back my tears.
我如此难过以至于无意识地哭了，无法抑制我的眼泪。
③He paused，and covered his face with his hands/buried/hid
his face in his hands， too upset to speak.
他停下来，双手掩面，难过得说不下去了。
④She felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help weeping/
sobbing bitterly.
她悲伤不已，忍不住痛哭起来。
情境导语 发现自己未能被那所重点大学录取，她……
第一步 完成句子
1. 当女孩看到这个消息时，她情绪消沉。
When the girl saw the news， .（简单句）
2. 她痛苦地抽泣着，品尝着脸上流下来的咸咸的泪水。
， tasting the salty tears
.（情感描写；定语
从句）
she felt down
She sobbed bitterly
that
ran/rolled/streamed/flowed/poured down her face
3. 妈妈忍住泪水，拍了拍她的肩膀，鼓励她下一年再尝试参加高考。
Her mother and patted her on the
shoulder， taking the College Entrance
Examination again the next year.（非谓语动词作状语）
4. 她抬起头，泪水再次从眼中涌出。
She lifted her head and .（简单句）
held/fought back her tears
encouraging her to try
tears welled up in her eyes again
5. 这时老师的话不时地在她耳边回荡：“只要坚持自己的目标，永不
放弃，你最终会成功。”
At this moment， the teacher’s words echoed in her ears from time to
time， “As long as ，
you will eventually succeed.”（语言描写）
you persist in your goals and never give up
第二步 连句成文
When the girl saw the news， she felt down.She sobbed bitterly，
tasting the salty tears that ran/rolled/streamed/flowed/poured down her
face.Her mother held/fought back her tears and patted her on the
shoulder，encouraging her to try taking the College Entrance Examination
again the next year.After a while， she lifted her head and tears welled up
in her eyes again.At this moment， the teacher’s words echoed in her
ears from time to time， “As long as you persist in your goals and never
give up， you will eventually succeed.”
4
素养·培育落实
真题剖析，深度探究
（2022·全国乙卷）The Government’s sugar tax on
soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate， the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April， 2016， the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml， was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity （肥胖）.It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar， putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the
Treasury.However， data of the first six months showed it would make
less than half this amount.At present it is expected to generate ￡240m for
the year ending in April， 2019， which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had
their sugar levels cut by manufacturers （制造商） so they can avoid
paying the tax.Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a
result of manufacturers’ efforts to avoid the charge， according to
Treasury figures.Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay
between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or
import， depending on the sugar content.
However， some high sugar brands， like Classic Coca Cola， have
accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting
consumers.Fruit juices， milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are
free of the tax， as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m
litres per year.
Today’s figures， according to one government official， show the
positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for
sports facilities （设施） and healthier eating in schools.Helping the next
generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance，
and the industry is playing its part.
32. Why was the sugar tax introduced？（ ）
A. To collect money for schools.
B. To improve the quality of drinks.
C. To protect children’s health.
D. To encourage research in education.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的First announced in April，
2016， the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of
sugar per 100ml， was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity （肥
胖）.可知，征收糖税是为了保护孩子们的健康。
√
33. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax？（ ）
A. They turned to overseas markets.
B. They raised the prices of their products.
C. They cut down on their production.
D. They reduced their products’ sugar content.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的It comes after more than half
of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by
manufacturers （制造商） so they can avoid paying the tax.可知，一些
饮料制造商为了减少税费，降低了所生产饮料的含糖量。
√
34. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected？（ ）
A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks.
C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Coke.
√
解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段中的However， some high sugar
brands， like Classic Coca Cola以及Fruit juices， milk-based drinks and
most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax可知，果汁饮料、奶制品饮料、
大部分酒精饮料是免征糖税的，而可口可乐公司是一些高含糖量饮料
的生产商。由此可知，需要对Classic Coke征收糖税。
35. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy？
（ ）
A. It is a short-sighted decision.
B. It is a success story.
C. It benefits manufacturers.
D. It upsets customers.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，采取糖税政策是
一个成功的案例。
√
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1. generate v. 产生；引起
2. initially adv. 最初，开始
3. import v. 进口
4. content n. 内容；目录；所含物，容纳的东西
5. brand n. 品牌，商标
6. alcoholic adj. 含酒精的
7. obesity n. 肥胖；肥胖症 （课标外词汇）
8. manufacturer n. 生产者；制造商 （课标外词汇）
（二）由文本积主题词块
1. bring in 赚得；引入；推行
2. apply to soft drinks 适用于软饮料
3. less than half this amount 不到这个数额的一半
4. pay the tax 纳税
5. depend on the sugar content 取决于糖含量
6. for fear of upsetting consumers 担心惹恼消费者
7. be of great importance 非常重要
8. play one’s part 起作用，尽本分
（三）由文本知变式运用
1. 学习构词（派生词/合成词）
（1）official adj.官方的，正式的，公务的 [office （n.）＋后缀-ial]
（2）childhood n.童年；幼年；孩童时期 [child （n.）＋后缀-hood]
（3）sugary adj.含糖的；甜的 [sugar （n.）＋后缀-y]
（4）milk-based adj.牛奶为主的[milk （n.）＋based （v.-ed）]
（5）short-sighted adj.目光短浅的；近视的 [short （adj.）＋sight
（n.）＋后缀-ed ]
2. 近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）suggested＝ （第二段）
（2）in danger of＝ （第二段）
（3）nowadays＝ （第三段）
（4）due to＝ （第四段）
recommended
at a risk of
at present
as a result of
3. 熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）soft [熟义] adj.软的，柔软的
→[生义] adj. （第一段第一句）
（2）introduce [熟义] v.介绍，引进
→[生义] v. （第二段第一句）
（3）consume [熟义] v.消费，消耗
→[生义] v. （第二段第二句）
不含酒精的
推行；实施；采用
吃；喝；饮
（四）由文本学靓丽表达
1. Since April drinks companies
（被迫为每升含糖饮料支付18
到24便士）they produce or import， depending on the sugar content.
（现在完成时的被动语态）
2. However， some high sugar brands， like Classic Coca Cola， have
accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change
（担心会惹恼消费者）.（心理描写）
have been forced to pay between 18p
and 24p for every litre of sugary drink
for fear of upsetting
consumers
3. Fruit juices， milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are
free of the tax，
（每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是如
此）.（as引导的倒装句）
as are small companies manufacturing fewer
than 1m litres per year
（五）由文本探析长难句
First announced in April， 2016， the tax which applies to soft drinks
containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml， was introduced to help
reduce childhood obesity （肥胖）.
分析：本句的主语为the tax，谓语为 ；过去分词短
语 First announced in April， 2016 作 ；which 引导定语从句，
修饰先行词 。
译文：
was introduced
状语
the tax
该税于2016年4月首次公布，适用于每100毫升含糖量超过5
克的软饮料，征收此税以帮助减少儿童肥胖（问题）。
5
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2025·湖南三模）Beejhy Barhany， growing up in an Ethiopian-
Jewish community in Israel， has been cooking for her family as long as
she can remember.Now a chef and owner of Tsion Café in Harlem， New
York， Barhany continues to pull from cooking traditions， including one
that has become the source of much controversy in recent decades：
washing raw meat before cooking.
For Barhany， submerging raw chicken in salt and lemon water is
both functional and ceremonial， as soaking or rinsing raw meat in salt
water and acid — such as lemon juice or vinegar — is a common form of
“washing” required by Jewish Kosher rules.And a 2015 survey of over
1，500 American consumers found that nearly 70 per cent rinse or wash
their poultry before cooking it， though the US Department of Agriculture
（USDA） started telling consumers not to wash raw poultry in the
1990s.Experts including those from the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention strongly warned that rather than reducing the risk of foodborne
illness （食源性疾病）， washing meat increases the likelihood of
spreading unwanted pathogens （病原体）， like salmonella and
campylobacter， around the kitchen.
“Washing meat before cooking is not really helping，” says Betty
Feng， associate professor of food science at Purdue University.“The
only thing it does is splashing （飞溅） and could cross-contaminate a lot
of your kitchen items — your sink， probably your clothes， whatever
you have by the sink.” Moreover， Feng cautions against using
saltwater， vinegar， or lemon juice， which simply isn’t strong enough
to effectively kill foodborne pathogens.“If the acidity is high enough to
kill bacteria， then it’s not really likely you can use your bare hand to
wash，” she says.
And a 2022 study showed that submerging meat in a bowl of water
reduced the splashing but not the spread of germs.“I would treat the
entire sink just like the outside of the chicken — it’s a biological
hazard，” says Benjamin Chapman， one of the study authors and
associate professor in North Carolina State University’s agricultural and
human sciences department.“The way that we make meat safe is through
cooking， not through the removal of pathogens.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍民众和专家在“烹调前将
生肉洗净”问题上的分歧，以及专家们的研究发现，这种做法是不
可取的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍民众和专家在“烹调前将
生肉洗净”问题上的分歧，以及专家们的研究发现，这种做法是不
可取的。
1. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？（ ）
A. To broaden the readers’ horizons.
B. To make a comparison.
C. To introduce the topic.
D. To state the author’s opinion.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，本段的主要目的是引
出话题：人们在“烹调前将生肉洗净”这一事上存在较多分歧。
√
2. What is mentioned about the Jewish Kosher rules from this text？
（ ）
A. Nearly 70 per cent of American consumers follow the rules.
B. The rules pay attention to functional and ceremonial aspects.
C. Uncooked meat is submerged in water with salt and vinegar.
D. It warns people of the risk of foodborne illness.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，犹太洁食规则会将
生肉浸泡在放有盐、酸（如醋）的水中。
√
3. What is TRUE about “washing meat before cooking” according to
Betty？（ ）
A. It has sparked a lot of controversy in recent years.
B. It has decreased the risk of foodborne illness.
C. It can not be directly done with your bare hands.
D. It may do a favor to the transfer of pathogens.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中Betty说的The only thing it
does ...whatever you have by the sink.可知，Betty认为烹调前将生肉
洗净不但起不了作用，反而还会导致交叉感染。
√
4. Why is the underlined phrase “biological hazard” mentioned in the
last paragraph？（ ）
A. To emphasize that chickens pose a level of threat to humans’ lives.
B. To show that sinks can be a way to increase splashing.
C. To prove that cooking is a good way to kill pathogens.
D. To stress that the practice people follow is not advisable.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容尤其是最后一句可知，在
本段提到biological hazard是为了强调人们遵循的烹调前将生肉洗净的
做法是不可取的。
√
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
（2025·衡阳八中模拟）Every day， rubbing the sleep from her
eyes， Abigail would go over to look at herself in the mirror， thinking
the same thing： I am just so ...ordinary.
It all started once she entered middle school， where her grades in all
subjects were OK but not great， and she couldn’t sing or dance that
well， or play sports.She wasn’t even good at making jokes as she was
so shy.
As she continued to go down the same mind spiral of “You’re not
good enough， what kind of job could you get in the future being someone
so ordinary？”， she checked the clock and rushed out the door to get to
school on time.
Along the way， she saw Peter walking ahead of her.As one of the
class’s top students， he was just so smart and dedicated.Peter always
stayed behind after math class to continue working on the equations.He
was so obsessed and talented.
A few mornings later in class， something seemed a bit off with
Abigail’s teacher， Mr Fry.He was normally quite active， moving
quickly from the whiteboard to the podium （讲台） to explain some new
knowledge points.But that morning， Abigail noticed that he seemed
slower， not very with it.Then， as he asked the students to copy down a
math equation， Mr Fry began shaking and then started to
fall.Immediately， Abigail rushed from her seat in the fourth row，
managing to catch him just in time.He had fainted.“Someone go get the
head teacher now！” yelled Abigail in a loud， clear voice.
Fifteen minutes later， Abigail and her classmates watched out the
classroom window at Mr Fry being wheeled across the parking lot on a
stretcher （担架） to be put into an ambulance.
After two weeks off， Mr Fry was back， entering the classroom
again to a round of applause from the students.His presence brought a
sense of relief and normalcy to the room， easing their worry about his
sudden illness.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
As soon as the lunch bell rang， Mr Fry pulled Abigail aside.
“Extraordinary，” the word echoed in Abigail’s mind as she
walked home from school that day.
参考范文：
As soon as the lunch bell rang， Mr Fry pulled Abigail aside.This
was the first time she had ever spoken alone with a teacher.She rubbed her
hands together and felt butterflies in her stomach.It was not until she heard
a soft chuckle that she looked up to meet Mr Fry’s smiling eyes.“I’ve
noticed your reserved nature and shyness， but what surprised me was
your sharp insight， unique judgment， and calm response during my
time of need.These traits demonstrate that you’re an extraordinary
kid.Thank you for what you did.”
“Extraordinary，” the word echoed in Abigail’s mind as she
walked home from school that day.It seemed as if the word had taken root
in her heart.She had never thought that the word could be applied to
her.“If I can break out of my shell， things could be different.” Abigail
was determined to get the ball rolling.Since then， she has gradually
dared to make eye contact when speaking， ask about things she doesn’t
understand in class and discuss equations with her classmates.Once and
for all， she learned that one should not sell oneself short or get tied up in
knots.Everyone has their own unique spark and strengths， waiting for
exploration and discovery.
演示完毕 感谢观看 !
