UNIT 4 Scientists who changed the world
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2025·江苏东台中学月考）A rising star from Virginia has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer.At just 14 years old， Heman Bekele emerged as the victor of the 2023 Young Scientist Challenge， standing out among the ten finalists with his innovative creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap （SCTS）.
Bekele’s brilliant concept centers on the development of a soap that is not only affordable， but also has the potential to reactivate the body’s natural defenders of the skin to stop skin cancer.In Bekele’s own words， “Curing cancer， one bar of soap at a time.” He always has endless passion for biology and technology， and the Young Scientist Challenge just provided him with the perfect platform to display his ideas.Reflecting on his inspiration， Bekele shared that his childhood played a significant role in shaping his innovative thinking.Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun， he couldn’t help but wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun exposure.
“I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but also accessible to a broad audience，” Bekele expressed during an interview with the media.He received invaluable guidance from Deborah Isabelle， a product engineering specialist， who connected him with other scientists to aid him in reaching his ambitious plans.
During his presentation， Bekele passionately expressed his vision of turning the soap into “a symbol of hope， accessibility， and a world where skin cancer treatment is within reach for all”.
Over the coming five years， Bekele longs to perfect his invention and establish a non-profit organization devoted to distributing his innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities， offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.
1.What made Bekele an instant hit？（ ）
A.Starting a soap fashion. B.Overcoming skin cancer.
C.Being the youngest scientist. D.Creating a soap against skin cancer.
2.What inspired Bekele to invent SCTS？（ ）
A.His concern for others. B.His adventure in childhood.
C.His enthusiasm for technology. D.His interest in medical knowledge.
3.What will Bekele do in the near future？（ ）
A.Obtain official approval. B.Visit undeveloped areas.
C.Increase the availability of the soap. D.Update the facilities of production.
4.Which of the following can best describe Bekele？（ ）
A.Inspiring and modest. B.Humorous and positive.
C.Creative and considerate. D.Curious and independent.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Li Cheng， 20， a college student and engineering enthusiast from Southwest China’s Chongqing， is making waves by turning his dreams into reality.
Employing his knowledge， insights and 5 ， Li has invented a groundbreaking Braille （盲文） dot display 6 for the blind.Named “Argus”， the first bunch of the Braille dot display is expected to be 7 this summer.
Li said his idea for Argus was traced back to the end of his freshman year in 2021.One day， when he was reading a novel on his phone， a series of questions 8 his mind： “How do 9 impaired （受损的） people read？ How can I help them out？” His 10 led to research on the topic， including interacting with those who experienced daily 11 .However， when he put his idea into practice， the expensive material jumped in the way.
In the past year， Li’s team has managed to 12 costs by 40 per cent after rounds of trial and 13 ， and eventually succeeded in reconstructing a device that overturns the 14 physical approach to the present electromagnetic approach.The first-generation Argus is 15 between 8，000 to 10，000 yuan， with plans to introduce a more 16 entry-level version with basic functions.
17 ， Li plans to devote three to five years to boost Argus.Overseas promotion is also scheduled for next year， with 18 to integrate the core technology — high-density tactile sensing （高密度触觉传感） — into virtual reality applications and potentially develop 19 companion robots， with the aim of improving people’s domestic lives.
5.（ ）A.sympathy B.faith C.contribution D.occupation
6.（ ） A.celebrated B.adjusted C.tailored D.advocated
7.（ ） A.proved B.handled C.awarded D.released
8.（ ） A.clouded B.struck C.sharpened D.changed
9.（ ） A.mentally B.behaviorally C.visually D.socially
10.（ ） A.honesty B.determination C.bravery D.curiosity
11.（ ） A.activities B.exercise C.performance D.challenges
12.（ ） A.increase B.reduce C.control D.estimate
13.（ ）A.incident B.error C.competition D.interruption
14.（ ） A.previous B.comprehensive C.scientific D.systematic
15.（ ） A.listed B.measured C.priced D.calculated
16.（ ）A.official B.affordable C.satisfactory D.intelligent
17.（ ） A.Thinking back B.Moving around C.Stepping aside D.Looking ahead
18.（ ） A.services B.responsibilities C.ambitions D.requirements
19.（ ） A.household B.commercial C.medical D.educational
Ⅲ.应用文写作
（2025·衡阳一中模拟）假定你是李华，你所在的学校近期引入了一些人工智能（AI）技术应用，用以帮助学生学习和日常生活。请你根据以下提示，给校刊英语专栏写一篇短文，谈谈你对此的看法。内容包括：
（1）AI在你校的具体应用；（2）AI带来的便利；（3）你对此的看法。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。
Dear Editor，
I am writing to talk about the recent application of AI technology in our school.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
UNIT 4 Scientists who changed the world
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚州的年轻科学家Heman Bekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Heman Bekele发明了一种对抗皮肤癌的肥皂，一炮而红。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Reflecting on his inspiration， Bekele shared that ...were aware of the risks associated with constant sun exposure.可知，Bekele对别人的关心激励了他发明SCTS。
3.C 推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，Bekele希望建立一个非营利组织，将他的创新产品分发到更多地方，即增加肥皂的可获得性。
4.C 推理判断题。根据文章首句以及最后三段内容可知，他一个有创造力和体贴的人。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了大学生李成发明的一种盲文点阵显示器，这种创新为视力受损的人提供了阅读的新方式。
5.A 根据and可知，空处和knowledge以及insights并列，结合选项可知，sympathy（同情）符合语境。
6.C 根据下文How do 9 impaired （受损的） people read？ How can I help them out？可知，这个是李成专门为盲人开发的设备。
7.D 根据下文Overseas promotion is also scheduled for next year可知，明年海外发行，所以第一批在今年夏天发布。
8.B 根据语境可知，应是突然想到一系列问题。
9.C 根据上文Li has invented a groundbreaking Braille （盲文） dot display 6 for the blind.可知，盲人点阵显示器是专门为盲人开发的，所以此处是他好奇视障人士是如何阅读的？
10.D 根据上文How do 9 impaired （受损的） people read？ How can I help them out？可知，李成的好奇让他开始研究这个课题。
11.D 根据上文可知，他要专门为盲人开发阅读设备，而盲人是每天都经历挑战的。
12.B 根据上文However， when he put his idea into practice， the expensive material jumped in the way.可知，昂贵的材料阻碍了他，所以此处应是设法降低了成本。
13.B trial and error为固定短语，意为“反复试验”。
14.A 根据语境可知，把物理方法转为目前的电磁方法，所以物理方法应是以前的。
15.C 根据between 8，000 to 10，000 yuan可知，应是定价在8000元至10000元之间。
16.B 根据entry-level version with basic functions可知，只具备基本功能的入门级版本，应是更便宜的。
17.D 根据Li plans to devote three to five years to boost Argus可知，用三到五年的时间来推动阿格斯的发展应是展望未来。
18.C 整合技术研发家用伴侣机器人，这是志向。
19.A 根据下文with the aim of improving people’s domestic lives可知，改善人们的家庭生活，所以是研发家用伴侣机器人。
Ⅲ.
Dear Editor，
I am writing to talk about the recent application of AI technology in our school.Our school has integrated AI in several ways， including smart classrooms and personalized learning platforms， significantly enhancing the educational experience.
The introduction of AI-powered tools， such as virtual assistants for study and the AI analysis system for personal learning plans， has greatly facilitated our studies.It makes learning more interactive and suitable for individual students.
In my opinion， the inclusion of AI in our education system is a progressive step toward a future way of learning.It not only makes learning more efficient but also prepares us for technology-driven future careers.I look forward to seeing more innovative applications of AI in our school.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
2 / 2Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Last Monday saw several lions escaping from a nature reserve， was believed to be very dangerous. When referring to this incident， the police in charge told citizens to keep calm， saying they intended to seize the lions as soon as possible.The surrounding villagers were not permitted （go） out alone.Frightened， the children also had to stay at home.The lions led a panic among people.To the police’s credit， after two days’ hard work， they managed to trap the lions. 微技能热身 1.①处应填关系代词 。本句是主从复合句，主句Last Monday saw ...使用了拟人的修辞手法。 2.②处是状语从句的 形式，此处相当于When the police referred to this incident。 3.③处应填 。 4.④处应填介词 。
charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n.收费；控告；谴责；掌管
【练通】 单句语法填空
①How much money did the authorities charge you running the shop without a permit？
②（人教选必四）Whoever is charged a crime should be presumed innocent until proven otherwise.
③（人教选必二）He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland and was put charge of not only developing China’s rocket science but also its space and missile programme.
④The house has been in charge of Mr Bell for more than a year.
【写美】 完成句子
⑤She to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.
她向病人收取的治疗费用极低，而且经常为穷苦病人减免费用。
【归纳】
（1）charge sb （...） for sth 为某物向某人收取（多少费用）
charge sb with （doing） sth 控告某人（做）某事
（2）take charge of 掌管/负责……
in charge of 控制/管理……
in the charge of 由……管理/负责
free of charge＝for free 免费
【佳句】 I am Li Hua and in charge of “Talk and Talk”，an English program from the Campus Broadcasting Station. （邀请信）
我是李华，负责校园广播电台的英语节目“Talk and Talk”。
【点津】 in charge of往往以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；in the charge of往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。
Mr Zhang is in charge of our class.＝Our class is in the charge of Mr Zhang.
张老师管理我们班。
intend vt.& vi.想要，计划；意指
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The university is known for its language and culture courses which are intended international students.
②She intended （visit） her grandmother last weekend， but she fell ill.
③She made it clear that her （intend） was to help the new students feel welcomed at school.
【写美】 句式升级
④The university is known for its language and culture courses .（用分词短语作定语改写句①）
【归纳】
（1）intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事
（2）intended adj. 打算的；计划的
be intended for ... 为……打算（或设计）的
had intended to do sth 本打算做某事
（3）intention n. 意图，目的；打算
intentional adj. 有意的，故意的
intentionally adv. 有意地，故意地
【佳句】 I had intended to accompany you to the Great Wall， but my tutor told me to revise my paper， so I’m terribly sorry. （道歉信）
我本来打算陪你去长城的，但是我的导师让我修改我的论文，所以我很抱歉。
surround vt.围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）The meat should be fresh with a touch of sweetness，and the （surround） soup hot， clear and delicious.
【写美】 句式升级
②The modern tall building in the distance is the newly built stadium of our school.The building is surrounded by a great many trees.
→ ，the modern tall building in the distance is the newly built stadium of our school. （非谓语动词作状语）
【归纳】
（1）surround ...with ...用……包围/围绕……
be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围/环绕
（2）surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的
surroundings n. 环境（常用复数）
【佳句】 When I realized that I was the winner of gold medal， surprise and unbelief surrounded me.I could not believe my eyes. （个人成长）
当我意识到我是金牌得主时，惊讶和疑惑包围了我。我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。
【点津】 surroundings指周围的环境，常用复数，environment指影响人或事物的行为或发展的环境。如a happy home environment幸福的家庭环境。
permit vt.& vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n.许可证
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Employees are permitted （use） the golf course during their free hours.
②Visitors are reminded that the museum doesn’t permit （smoke）.
③If you want to take a day off， you must ask （permit） from your manager.
【写美】 句式升级
④If weather permits，a winter hike will be launched to get us close to nature.
→ ， a winter hike will be launched to get us close to nature.（独立主格结构）
【归纳】
（1）permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
（2）permission n.[U] 允许；许可
ask sb for permission＝ask permission from sb 请求某人许可
without permission 未经允许
【佳句】 No one is permitted to take photos of the exhibits in the museum without permission. （通知）
任何人未经允许禁止对博物馆里的展品拍照。
【联想】 “允许某人做某事”还可用allow sb to do sth来表达。
credit n.赞扬，认可；信用 vt.存入金额；把……归于
【练通】 单句语法填空
①For lack of money then， Mike bought a new laptop credit.
②Her performance in the play does credit the entire cast.
【写美】 完成句子
③ ， you gave back the money you picked up； your honesty .
值得赞扬的是，你拾金不昧。你的诚实值得表扬。
【归纳】
（1）to one’s credit 使某人值得赞扬/钦佩
do sb/sth credit＝do credit to sb/sth 使某人/某物值得赞扬
on credit 赊账
give sb credit for 为……而称赞某人
（2）credit card 信用卡
【佳句】 （外研选必二）I was really surprised when a bank contacted me with a credit card offer.
有家银行给我打电话让我办理信用卡的时候，我非常惊讶。
refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及
【练通】 单句语法填空/语境辨义
①（人教必修二）People from the UK are called “British”， which means the UK is also often referred as Britain or Great Britain.
②The case was refered the court of Appeal yesterday.
③The custom may date back to the Tang Dynasty； for detailed information， refer to the book.
④We have reach an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again in the future.
【写美】 词汇升级
⑤The short video covers the history of our school.
→The short video the history of our school.
【归纳】
（1）refer to ...as ... 把……称作……
refer ...to ... 把……提交给……
（2）reference n. 谈及；提及；参考，查阅
make reference to 提及
reference book 参考书
【佳句】 If you meet with the unknown characters， I suggest that you （should） refer to reference books.
如果你遇到了不认识的字，我建议你查阅参考书。
【联想】 “查词典”的表达有refer to a dictionary和look up the word in the dictionary等。
In my opinion， it’s not advisable to refer to a dictionary whenever you come across a new word.
在我看来，遇到一个生词就查词典是不可取的。
Tom is an exchange student from England. He desires to learn Chinese well， and he takes full advantage of every minute to apply himself to it.He hopes that the great effort he is making will pay off.I think he should set aside some time to participate in some out-of-class activities which favours his health although time is （limit）.The teacher often reminds him that he should do what can be done to keep fit.Now， he prefers to take exercise every day， which is beneficial his body. To our joy， we have built up a good relationship with time going by. 微技能热身 1.①处短语takes full advantage of可用 代替。 2.②处应填 。 3.③处应填介词 。
apply vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关
【练通】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①If you apply （you） to your learning， you can make much more progress sooner or later.
②They are hoping that these findings can have practical （apply） in better understanding human brain damage.
③In my view， the official rule （适用于） all the emergencies that occur.
【写美】 完成句子
④Anyone who would like to should submit the application form before Sunday.有意申请这个职位的人应在周日之前提交申请表。
【归纳】
（1）apply （to sb） for sth （向某人）申请某物
apply to do sth 申请做某事
apply to sb/sth 适用于……
apply sth to ... 把某物应用/涂抹于……
apply oneself to （doing） sth 致力于/集中精力于（做）某事
（2）application n. 申请（书）；应用
applicant n. 申请人
【佳句】 Knowing that Chinese Workshop will be held in the school， I am writing to apply to take part in the activity. （申请信）
得知贵校将举办中文讲座，我写信是想申请参加这个活动。
favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
【练通】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was a turning point.Things are starting to go our favour.
②Most of them were while David was against it.
他们大部分人赞成我的观点，而戴维反对。
【写美】 词汇升级
③I was wondering if you could help me by guiding us to revise a short play. （求助信）
→I was wondering if you could by guiding us to revise a short play.
【归纳】
（1）ask a favour （of sb） 请（某人）帮忙
do sb a favour＝give sb a hand 帮某人一个忙
in favour of 同意；支持；赞成
in one’s favour 有利于某人；对某人有利
in favour 受欢迎；得宠
show favour to sb 偏袒某人
（2）favourite adj. 最喜爱的
n. 特别喜爱的人（或事物）
【佳句】 He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren’t in favour of his opinion.
当听到他们大多数人不赞成他的意见时，他勃然大怒。
limited adj.有限的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（外研选必二）When first introduced in Japan in 1999， emojis were limited 176 simple designs.
②The reason why this was difficult was that the team had （limit） resources.
【写美】 完成句子
③There is one’s life， but no .人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。
【归纳】
（1）limit vt. 限制
n. 限制；极限；界限
limit ...to ... 把……限制在……内
beyond the limit 超出限度
there is a/no limit to 对……是有限的/无限的
（2）limitless adj. 无限的
【佳句】 The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so. （征稿）
文章的长度应限制在400词左右。
beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①You can also go over the knowledge at the same time and you are sure to benefit it.
②It is of great benefit to share your feelings with someone you trust， which is also （benefit） to your mental health.
【写美】 句型转换
③Having a good knowledge of Chinese table manners is beneficial to you.
→Having a good knowledge of Chinese table manners you.
【归纳】
（1）对……有益；有益于……（to为介词）
（2）benefit n. 益处，好处
vi.& vt. 得益于；使受益
for the benefit of ... 为了……的利益
（3）benefit from/by ... 从……中受益；得益于……
【佳句】 You can take the course twice a week， which can be very beneficial to/be of great benefit to your oral Chinese.
你可以每周上两次课程，这对你的汉语口语很有益。
pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的；偿清；付清工资后解雇；得到回报
【练通】 用pay的相关短语填空
① historic sites enables us to get exposed to our history and culture in depth， which， to some extent， strengthens our national pride.
②He also studied people， what they did and why they did it.
【写美】 完成句子
③It is a real encouragement to see and I do hope you can hold your passion in the future.看到你的努力得到回报我真的很受鼓舞，非常希望你将来能保持热情。
【归纳】
（1）pay back 偿还（欠款）；报复；回报
pay for sth 付某物的钱；为某事付出代价
get paid 得到报酬；拿到薪水
pay the bill 付账；买单
（2）pay a visit to 参观；拜访
pay attention to 注意；留心
【佳句】 Although our clothes were soaked with sweat， we didn’t mind it at all because our efforts paid off. （活动介绍）
虽然我们的衣服都被汗水湿透了，但我们一点也不介意，因为努力得到了回报。
what 引导的宾语从句
And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be， he is still in some doubt.
当他很确定结果会怎样时，他仍会有疑惑。
【写美】 完成句子/句型转换
①（北师大选必二）They didn’t want to abandon .
他们并不想放弃自己一直认为正确的知识。
②“Every day， I would work on it，” she said.“Over time， it felt like .”
她说：“每天，我都会致力于这件事，随着时间的推移，感觉这就是我真正想要的。”
③The boy is too young to know what to do when in trouble.
→The boy is too young to know when in trouble.（宾语从句）
【归纳】
（1）介词后不跟that引导的宾语从句，这时需要用it作介词的形式宾语，再接that引导的宾语从句；但what、which、whom等引导的宾语从句可放在介词之后。
（2）介词后可接whether引导的宾语从句，但不能接if引导的宾语从句。
（3）what引导的宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，what在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语；what可翻译为“……的东西/事情”。
【佳句】 （北师大选必三）So far，it is still unknown what will happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up.
到目前为止，我们仍不清楚中中和华华长大后会发生什么。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.credit
A.n.赞扬，认可 B.vt.认为是……的功劳，把……归于 C.n.信用（额度） D.n.学分
（1）（2025·南京、盐城一模）The cost of strawberry picking starts at $4/pound， and they accept cash and credit cards.
（2）（2023·全国甲卷）She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd.From the age of six，Terri，now 26，accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays.
（3）Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world.
（4）The library has lockers for students to store course literature.When you have obtained at least 40 credits， you may rent a locker.
2.pay off
A.偿清（债务） B.成功，得到回报 C.付清工资后解雇，遣散
（1）Over 1，000 workers will be paid off if this factory closes.
（2）（2025·盐城三模）Her months of dedicated practice paid off， allowing her to navigate the exam with ease and precision.
（3）Ten years later， the wife paid off all the debts that her husband left，which was beyond others’ expectations.
3.refer to
A.查阅，参考 B.谈到，提及 C.指的是
（1）“When I said that， I was not referring to you，”she said with a shy smile.
（2）Why not refer to a dictionary to check the spelling of the word？
（3）The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech.
4.词义猜测
（1）The helicopter landed near our camp and its loud noises scared the bear.He looked irritated and charged at us again.
（2）There are traditional proverbs which express a moral or a piece of advice.
（3）As is known to all， the warm weather favours the growth of plants.
（4）Most households now own at least one computer.
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）In addition， there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the （surround） environment.
2.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）I keep two （refere） books close-by on my desk： dictionary and thesaurus （同义词词典）.
3.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）I liked traveling in France， but when it came to picking my （favor） spot to settle， Italy was the clear winner.
4.（2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused （permit） to participate.
5.（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Taking （responsible） for mistakes is a positive step， but don’t beat yourself up about them.
6. （2023·全国乙卷）Once we found the place， it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the （limit） time.
7.All （apply） must have a driver’s license and access to a car.Gas will be covered for each delivery.
8.（2025·青岛二模）They are （intend） provided， so that your kids can develop an appreciation of risk in a controlled play environment.
9.Sports like riding and walking are （benefit） to your health， which can help you keep in good shape.
10.Overall， the results are quite interesting， （indicate） that language learning can be integrated with personal hobbies and （entertain）.
11.To lose weight，he limits himself three cups of milk and several fruits a day.
12.The environmental group launched a campaign favour of sustainable energy sources.
13.They always refer to me a bookworm because I am always addicted to reading.
14.Since the new rules began to work，we students have been permitted （have） one hour for exercise every day.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.The new movie opened （很成功） and received rave reviews.
2.Scientists often discover new things （通过反复试验）.
3.It is a duty for us to （对……做贡献） protecting the environment.
4.The writer （利用） his own experiences to create vivid characters.
5.My father told me that he （很可能） arrive late because of the traffic.
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
人物介绍——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
第一步 练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，一位伟大的科学家，一生致力于他的科学实验和研究。（同位语；experiment）
2.进入大学后，他偏爱物理，决心主修这门学科。（favour；形容词短语作状语）
3.为了获得广阔的研究资源，他离开欧洲去了美国。（broad）
4.在潜心研究下，他最终取得了许多科学成就。（scientific； with复合结构）
5.我们所有人都钦佩他的突出成就，尤其是“相对论”，对物理学乃至整个科学领域的发展都产生了深远的影响。（standout；非限制性定语从句）
第二步 组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 动作描写：surround； permit； put forward； let sb down
环境描写：lightning； thunderstorm； bang
美句 ①Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize，awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria，one of the deadliest diseases in human history. （人物描写） ②When we look at any question deeply enough，we feel the excitement and mystery coming to us again and again. （情感描写）
情感描写之“失望、遗憾、孤独”
词汇 美句
单词 ①disappoint v.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointed adj.失望的→disappointment n.失望；扫兴；令人失望的人/事 ②regret v.后悔，对……感到抱歉 n.遗憾，失望→regretful adj.后悔的；失望的 ③frustrated adj.沮丧的；失望的 ④sorry adj.遗憾的 ①Upon hearing this， Aaron let out a heavy sigh.“You should have checked every detail，” he remarked， a hint of disappointment in his voice. 听到这里，亚伦重重地叹了口气。“你本应该检查好每一个细节的，”他说道，语气中带着一丝失望。 ②Overcome with bitter disappointment at his failing to win a prize，he locked himself up in his room. 他对未能获奖感到极度失望，于是把自己锁在房间里。 （分词作状语） ③Seeing the disappointing result，he was extremely disappointed， tears of regret running/streaming down his cheeks. 看到令人失望的结果，他非常失望，遗憾的眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。 （独立主格结构） ④It was at that moment that a ripple of regret welled up inside me.How I wished I hadn’t said those words！ 就在那时，我的心中泛起了一阵遗憾。我真希望我没有说那些话！ （强调句）
词块 ①feel extremely disappointed 感到失望极了 ②hide one’s disappointment掩饰某人的失望 ③a look of disappointment/loneliness flashed across/spread over one’s face 某人脸上露出失望/孤独的表情 ④be overcome/consumed with disappointment＝be overwhelmed by disappointment 非常失望 ⑤to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是
情境导语 今天是我的生日，环顾四周，身边一个人也没有……
第一步 完成句子
1.我低着头，感到极度失望和孤独。
Lowering my head，I was .
2.没人记得我的生日。有一个朋友吗？除非有奇迹发生。
.A friend？ Unless there was a miracle.
3.沮丧像乌云一样笼罩着我。过去充满欢笑的生日回忆涌上心头。
， which were filled with laughter.（比喻）
4.我应该和家人一起吹灭蜡烛，而不是独自在这里漫无目的地闲逛。
I should have blown out the candles with my family instead of .
5.冷风拂过我的脸。我强忍住泪水，闭上眼睛，默默地祈求奇迹的出现。
for a miracle.（融情于景＋三连动作链）
第二步 连句成文
（陕西卷）Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize， and the first person to win it twice. However， few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.
Born in September， 1897， Irene Curie was the first of the Curies’ two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars， Irene studied in their own school， and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.
Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War Ⅰ began， Irene went to help her mother， who was using X-ray facilities （设备） to help save the lives of wounded soldiers. Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military Medal by the French government.
In 1918， Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924， Frederic Joliot joined the Institute， and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.
Like her mother， Irene combined family and career. Like her mother， Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize， along with her husband， in 1935. Unfortunately， also like her mother， she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity （辐射能）. Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukemia on March 17， 1956.
49.Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal？ （ ）
A.Because she received a degree in mathematics.
B.Because she contributed to saving the wounded.
C.Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.
D.Because she worked as a helper to her mother.
50.Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot？ （ ）
A.At the Curie Institute.
B.At the University of Paris.
C.At a military hospital.
D.At the College of Sévigné.
51.When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born？（ ）
A.In 1932. B.In 1927.
C.In 1897. D.In 1926.
52.In which of the following aspects was Irene Curie different from her mother？ （ ）
A.Irene worked with radioactivity.
B.Irene combined family and career.
C.Irene won the Nobel Prize once.
D.Irene died from leukemia.
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1.scholar n. 学者；有学问的人；奖学金获得者
2.facility n. 设备，设施；天赋，才能
3.military adj. 军事的；军队的；武装的
4.recognise v. 承认，认可；认出
5.institute n. 研究所，机构
6.award v. 授予
（二）由文本积主题词块
1.along with 与……一道；沿（顺）着；连同……一起；除了……
2.prepare for 为……作准备，使有准备
3.in the form of 以……的形式
4.fall in love 相爱
5.combine ...and ... 把……与……结合
6.because of 因为
7.die from 死于；因……而死
8.work as 担任；充当
9.a degree in mathematics and physics 数学和物理学学位
（三）由文本知变式运用
1.学习构词（派生词）
（1）wounded adj.受伤的；负伤的[wound （n.）＋后缀-ed]
（2）assistant n.助理；助手[assist （v.）＋后缀-ant]
（3）unfortunately adv.不幸地，遗憾地[前缀un-＋fortunate（adj.）＋后缀-ly ]
2.近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）assist＝ （第三段）
（2）need＝ （第四段）
3.熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）degree [熟义] n.度，度数（角的量度单位）；程度
→[生义] n. （第三段第一句）
（2）recognise [熟义] v.认出；辨别出
→[生义] v. （第三段第四句）
（3）develop [熟义] v.发展；研制
→[生义] v. （第五段第三句）
（四）由文本学靓丽表达
1.Most people know that Marie Curie was （第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性）， and （第一个赢得两次诺贝尔奖的人）. （动词不定式作定语）
2. （当第一次世界大战开始的时候）， Irene went to help her mother， who was using X-ray facilities （设备） to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.（时间状语从句）
3.In December 1924， Frederic Joliot joined the Institute， and Irene taught him （他工作需要的技术）.（非谓语动词短语作后置定语）
（五）由文本探析长难句
Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars， Irene studied in their own school， and her mother was one of the teachers.
分析：介词短语Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars作 ，其中含有一个定语从句 ；and连接一个并列句。
译文：
UNIT 4 Scientists who changed the world
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身] 1.which 2.省略 3.to go 4.to
1.①for ②with ③in ④the ⑤charged very low fees
2.①for ②to have visited ③intention
④intended for international students
3.①surrounding ②Surrounded by a great many trees
4.①to use ②smoking ③permission
④Weather permitting
5.①on ②to ③To your credit； does you credit
6.①to ②to ③查阅，参考 ④谈及 ⑤refers to
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身] 1.makes full use of 2.limited 3.to
7.①yourself ②applications ③applies to
④apply for the position
8.①in ②in favour of my opinion
③do me a favour/give me a hand
9.①to ②limited ③a limit to； limit to serving the people
10.①from ②beneficial ③is of benefit to
11.①Paying a visit to ②paying attention to
③your efforts paid off
12.①what they’d always thought as true ②this is what I really wanted ③what he should do
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）C （2）B （3）A （4）D
2.（1）C （2）B （3）A
3.（1）C （2）A （3）B
4.（1） v.向……冲去 （2）n.寓意，教益 （3）vt.有助于，有利于 （4）n.家庭
维度二
Ⅰ.1.surrounding 2.reference 3.favorite 4.permission
5.responsibility 6.limited 7.applicants 8.intentionally
9.beneficial 10.indicating； entertainment 11.to 12.in
13.as 14.to have
Ⅱ.1.with a bang 2.through trial and error
3.make a contribution to 4.draws on 5.was likely to
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.Albert Einstein， a great scientist， devoted his life to his scientific experiment and research.
2.After entering university， he showed favour to physics， determined to major in this subject.
3.In order to obtain broad research resources， he left Europe for America.
4.With his mind focused on his research，he finally achieved lots of scientific achievements.
5.We all admire his standout achievements， especially “the theory of relativity”， which has had a profound impact on the development of physics and even the entire scientific field.
第二步
Albert Einstein， a great scientist， devoted his life to his scientific experiment and research.After entering university， he showed favour to physics， determined to major in this subject.In order to obtain broad research resources， he left Europe for America.Luckily，with his mind focused on his research，he finally achieved lots of scientific achievements.We all admire his standout achievements， especially “the theory of relativity”， which has had a profound impact on the development of physics and even the entire scientific field.
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.extremely disappointed/frustrated
2.Nobody remembered my birthday
3.Depression settled over me like a dark cloud.Memories of my past birthdays crowded in on me/into my mind
4.wandering alone here aimlessly
5.The cold wind brushed across my face.I fought back tears， shut my eyes and made a silent wish
第二步
Lowering my head，I was extremely disappointed/frustrated.Nobody remembered my birthday.A friend？ Unless there was a miracle.Depression settled over me like a dark cloud.Memories of my past birthdays crowded in on me/into my mind， which were filled with laughter.I should have blown out the candles with my family instead of wandering alone here aimlessly.The cold wind brushed across my face.I fought back tears， shut my eyes and made a silent wish for a miracle.
【素养·培育落实】
一、做真题
49.B 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Irene在第一次世界大战爆发后去帮助母亲利用X光设备救治伤员，后来在法国和比利时的部队医院继续研发X光设备，因此而获得军功勋章。
50.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Irene 于1918年在居里学院给她母亲当助手，1924年Frederic Joliot 加入该学院，后来他们相爱并结婚了。
51.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，Irene Curie 和丈夫Frederic Joliot 的女儿是在1927年出生的，5年之后儿子Pierre 出生，即他们的第二个孩子是1932年出生的。
52.C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的and the first person to win it twice 可知，居里夫人获得过两次诺贝尔奖；再根据最后一段内容可知，Irene Curie在1935年和她的丈夫一起荣获诺贝尔奖。因此C项说明了Irene Curie 和她母亲的不同之处。
三、再利用
（三）2.（1）help （2）require
3.（1）学位 （2）承认，认可 （3）患（病）
（四）1.the first woman to win the Nobel Prize； the first person to win it twice
2.When World War Ⅰ began
3.the techniques required for his work
（五）状语 whose parents were also famous scholars
Irene和其他九个父母也是著名学者的孩子一起在自己的学校学习，她的母亲是老师之一。
12 / 13(共162张PPT)
UNIT 4
Scientists who changed the world
高中总复习·英语 (译林版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
素养
培育落实
05
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. herb n.药草，香草；草本
2. illustrate vt.说明，解释；加插图于
3. thunderstorm n.雷雨，雷暴
4. standout adj.突出的n.突出的人（或物）
5. negate vt.取消，使无效；否认，否定
6. lightning n.闪电
7. ribbon n.带子，丝带；带状物
8. bang n.突然的巨响；猛敲，猛击
vi.& vt.砸；砰地关上；猛摔；碰撞
9. atomic adj.原子能的；原子的
10. evil n.罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处
adj.恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的
11. intellectual adj.脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的n.知识分子，脑力
劳动者
12. mystery n.神秘；神秘的人（或事物）；悬疑作品
13. evolution n.进化；演变，发展
14. malaria n.疟疾
15. extract n.提取物；选录vt.提取；选录；取出；设法得到
16. penicillin n.青霉素，盘尼西林
17. mould n.霉菌；模具；类型vt.浇铸；塑造
教材例句
18. （人教选必一）For example， pesticides can damage the land by
killing not only harmful bacteria and insects， but also helpful ones. n.
细菌
19. （北师大必修二）As Eileen Kennedy-Moore， an authority on the
subject， points out， online friends “fill holes real-life friends
can’t”. n.权威；官方
20. （外研选必二）Our probes have orbited the planet， sending back
valuable data and stunning images. n.数据，资料，材料
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. the People’s Republic of China中华人民共和国
2. one of the deadliest diseases最致命的疾病之一
3. be born in Gansu Province 出生于甘肃省
4. conduct many important experiments 开展很多重要的实验
5. through trial and error 反复试验；不断摸索
6. low-income/one-parent households低收入/单亲家庭
7. postpone leaving for Shanghai 推迟去上海
8. without sufficient data没有充足的数据
9. use old wisdom 用古老的智慧
10. investigate an accident 调查一起事故
11. energy theory 能量理论
12. thunderstorm and lightning雷雨和闪电
13. make her standout使她鹤立鸡群
14. be involved in the activity参与到这项活动中
15. declare the sports meet open 宣布运动会开幕
16. publish medical paper 发表医学论文
17. explode like a bomb 像炸弹一样爆炸
18. conduct vt.& vi.组织，实施；指挥；引导；举止
①conduct scientific research 进行科学研究
②conduct an orchestra 指挥一个管弦乐队
③conduct herself in a most gracious manner 她举止非常文雅
19. charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使
充满 n.收费；控告；谴责；掌管
①free of charge 免费
②be charged with abusing power被控告滥用职权
③take charge of the situation 掌控住局势
20. credit n.赞扬，认可；信用
vt.存入金额；把……归于
①get/refuse credit 允许/拒绝赊购
②pay by credit card用信用卡付款
③to one’s credit 值得称赞的是
写作词汇运用
语境记忆
21. favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒（prefer）；有助于 n.帮助，好事；赞
同；偏袒
All in all， I’m in favour of organic farming.I hope more and more
farmers will turn to organic farming in the future.
总而言之，我赞成有机农业。我希望将来有越来越多的农民转向有机
农业。
23. intend vt.& vi.想要，计划；意指
The program with the theme “Culture differences” is intended to arouse
students’ interest in different cultures， especially Western culture about
American cuisine.（活动介绍）
这个以“文化差异”为主题的节目旨在唤起学生对不同文化的兴趣，
特别是关于美国美食的西方文化。
24. beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
I do hope that you’ll find these suggestions beneficial to you.
我希望你会发现这些建议对你是有益的。
派生词汇识记
1. survival n.生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物→survive vi.生存，存活
vt.幸存；幸免于难→survivor n.幸存者
2. broad adj.广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；概括的；开阔的→broadly
adv.广泛地→broaden vt.变宽，扩大……的范围
3. limited adj.有限的→limit n.& vt.限制→limitation n.限制；局限；
极限
4. container n.容器；集装箱，货柜→contain vt.包含
5. surround vt.围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关→surrounding adj.
周围的→surroundings n.周围的环境
6. indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出→indication n.表明；暗示
7. intelligent adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n.才智
8. favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
→favourable adj.赞同的；支持的；有利的→favourite adj.最喜爱的
9. electricity n.电，电能→electric adj.电的；发电的；电动的
→electrical adj.与电有关的→electronic n.电子的
10. politician n.政治家，从政者；投机钻营者→politics n.政治（学）
→political adj.政治的
11. moral adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n.品行，道德；寓意
→immoral adj.不道德的
12. apply vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关→application n.应用，运
用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷→applicant n.申请人
13. ignorance n.无知→ignorant adj.不了解的，无知的；无礼的
→ignore vt.忽视；不理睬
14. freedom n.自由→free adj.自由的；免费的→freely adv.自由地
15. permit vt.& vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n.许可证
→permission n.允许，许可
16. responsibility n.责任，负责；职责，义务→responsible adj.负责
的；尽责的
17. declare vt.表明，宣称；公布，宣布；申报→declaration n.宣言；
公布
18. marriage n.结婚，婚姻；已婚状态→marry v.结婚
1.含后缀-al的名词荟萃 ①survive v.→survival n.幸存 ②remove v.→removal n.移除 ③arrive v.→arrival n.到达 ④refuse v.→refusal n.拒绝 ⑤propose v.→proposal n.提议 ⑥approve v.→approval n.批准；同意 2.“电”式一族集锦
①electrical adj.电的；与电有关的
②electricity n.电；电流
③electric adj.电的；电动的
④electronic adj.电子的
⑤electrics n.电学
⑥electrician n.电工；电学家
3.take 相关短语一览
①take it easy （＝take things easy） 轻松；不紧张；从容
②take one’s time 别着急；慢慢来
③take sth seriously 重视某事
④take ...for granted 认为……理所当然
⑤take ...as ...把……当作……
⑥take into account 把……考虑在内
1. refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及
2. speed up （使）加速
3. pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的
4. by accident 偶然，意外地
5. with a bang 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响
6. let sb down 使某人失望
7. as to 关于，至于
8. take it for granted 想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然
9. put forward 提出，提议，建议
10. make a difference 有影响，起作用
11. thanks to 因为，多亏了
12. make contributions/a contribution to 对……做贡献
13. draw on 利用
14. large amounts of 许多；大量
15. be likely to 很可能
16. go through 经历；经受；仔细检查；
完成；通过；用完
17. far from 远非；完全不；远离
18. a world-changing discovery 一个改变世界的发现
19. mass production 大量生产；成批生产
20. in the early days of science 在科学发展的早期
1. 句式：it is/was not until ...that ...强调句
原句：However，it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in
discovering qinghaosu，after many failed experiments.
然而，直到20世纪70年代，屠呦呦才在多次试验失败之后发现了
青蒿素。
2. 句式：含蓄虚拟条件句
原句：Without her broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine
and Western medicine， Tu might never have discovered qinghaosu.
如果没有她丰富的中西医知识，屠呦呦可能永远也不会发现青蒿素。
3. 句式：“疑问词＋-ever”引导让步状语从句；“do＋动词原形”
强调谓语动词
原句：Whatever the truth， Franklin did make contributions to the
studies of electricity.
不管真相如何，富兰克林的确对电学的研究做出了贡献。
4. 句式：it作形式宾语
原句：Now， we scientists take it for granted that it is perfectly
possible to live and not know.
现在，我们科学家理所当然地认为，人类生而有所不知是完全有
可能的。
On the day of the Science Festival held by our school last week， a nationally famous traditional Chinese medicine professor introduced his successful experience in medical exploration.Once some people in a village developed a deadly disease.To cure them，he referred to many books and eventually some herbs saved them.Their survival encouraged him so greatly that he began to do more scientific experiments，exploring a broader world.At that time equipment was limited and he couldn’t get sufficient data， but he overcame these difficulties.A few years later，his efforts paid off.He wrote a book and gave lectures in different provinces，which can be beneficial to global health care.
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.malaria n.疟疾
□2.extract n.提取物；选录
vt.提取；选录；取出；设法得到
□3.herb n.药草，香草；草本
□4.data n.数据，资料，材料
□5.illustrate vt.说明，解释；加插图于
□6.penicillin n.青霉素，盘尼西林
□7.mould n.霉菌；模具；类型vt.浇铸；塑造
□8.bacteria n.（sing.bacterium） 细菌
□9.lightning n.闪电
□10.thunderstorm n.雷雨，雷暴
□11.ribbon n.带子，丝带；带状物
□12.bang n.突然的巨响；猛敲，猛击
vi.& vt.砸；砰地关上；猛摔；碰撞
□13.standout adj.突出的n.突出的人（或物）
□14.atomic adj.原子能的；原子的
□15.evil n.罪恶，罪行；害处，坏处
adj.恶毒的；有害的；恶魔的
□16.negate vt.取消，使无效；否认，否定
□17.intellectual adj.脑力的；有才智的，智力发达的
n.知识分子，脑力劳动者
□18.mystery n.神秘；神秘的人（或事物）；悬疑作品
□19.authority n.权威，权力；官方
□20.evolution n.进化；演变，发展
核心单词练通
1. n.共和国，共和政体
2. n.省，省份
3. vt.& vi.想要，计划；意指
4. n.试用，试验；审讯，审判；考验
vi.& vt.测试，试验
republic
province
intend
trial
5. adj.足够的，充足的
6. n.错误，差错
7. adj.有益的，有用的
8. n.意外，偶然的事；事故，意外遭遇
9. n.学说，论；原理；看法，意见
10. n.金属
11. vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；
使充满n.收费；控告；谴责；掌管
12. n.炸弹；核武器vt.轰炸
13. vt.包含；牵涉，影响；（使）参加
14. vt.出版，发行；发表；公布
sufficient
error
beneficial
accident
theory
metal
charge
bomb
involve
publish
单词拼写
1. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）The experiment of estimation he
（进行） showed that in some cases， the average of a large number of
independent estimates could be quite accurate.
2. （外研选必二）Although the two-year （实验） was
not a success， it did provide us with a better understanding of how
humans might be able to live on another planet.
conducted
experiment
3. （人教选必二）However， some （家庭） （such
as 20 and 21 Broad Street， and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street） had had no
deaths.
4. （北师大必修二）There is great potential for future advances if these
two kinds of （智慧） can be fully integrated.
5. Eleven kilometres directly below the city，one of the most
（致命的） earthquakes of the 20th century had begun， a quake that
even caused damage more than 150 kilometres away in Beijing.
households
wisdom
deadly
6. Owing to the bad weather，we decided to （推迟）
holding the school relay race of the sports meet.
7. To their （赞扬）， the four countries do work together in
some aspects and have a good relationship with each other.
postpone
credit
拓展单词用活
记全记牢
1. n.生存，存活；残存物，幸存事物→ vi.&
vt.生存；挺过（难关）→ n.幸存者
2. n.容器；集装箱，货柜→ vt.包含
3. adj.有才智的，聪明的；有智力的→
n.智力；聪明；智能
4. n.电，电能→ adj.电的；发电的；电动
的→ adj.与电有关的→ n.电子的
survival
survive
survivor
container
contain
intelligent
intelligence
electricity
electric
electrical
electronic
5. n.政治家，从政者；投机钻营者→ n.政
治（学）→ adj.政治的
6. adj.道德的；道义上的；品行端正的 n.品行，道德；寓
意→ adj.不道德的
7. vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关→ n.应
用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷→ n.申请人
8. n.无知→ adj.不了解的，无知的；无礼
的→ vt.忽视；不理睬
9. n.自由→ adj.自由的；免费的→
adv.自由地
politician
politics
political
moral
immoral
apply
application
applicant
ignorance
ignorant
ignore
freedom
free
freely
用准用活
1. Being and honest，he is popular among us，and he
has a strong sense of .（responsible）
2. He that I should give some of how I did
in the machine test.（indicate）
3. The old blind man asked me to do him a and find
his book.（favour）
4. His experience in the college not only gave him knowledge
but also his horizons.（broad）
responsible
responsibility
indicated
indications
favour
favourite
broad
broadened
5. Eventually，my friend Tom his girlfriend Jane and many
of us envied their happy .（marry）
6. by the forest，the village has
beautiful ，which attract many visitors
from areas.（surround）
7. The natural resources are .Therefore， we have no reason
to waste the precious resources without .（limit）
8. Even if you have a ， I won’t you to enter the
hall without her .（permit）
9. It’s that the two countries agree to stop the
conflict.They must obey the forever.（declare）
married
marriage
Surrounded
surroundings
surrounding
limited
limit
permit
permit
permission
declared
declaration
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
第一组
1. 查阅，参考；提到，谈及
2. （使）加速
3. 成功，奏效，达到目的
4. 反复试验
5. 偶然，意外地
6. 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响
7. 使某人失望
8. 想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然
refer to
speed up
pay off
through trial and error
by accident
with a bang
let sb down
take it for granted
第二组
1. 关于，至于
2. 提出，提议，建议
3. 对……做贡献
4. 利用
5. 许多；大量
6. 很可能
7. 经历；经受；仔细检查；完成；
通过；用完
as to
put forward
make a contribution to
draw on
large amounts of
be likely to
go through
选用上面短语填空
1. If you still keep silent， I will that you imply
agreement.
2. I’m greatly confident that efforts will finally if I never
give up.
3. （外研选必三）The great thinkers of the world have often rather
romantically their academic struggles as being like
“war”.
take it for granted
pay off
referred to
4. I never thought I would meet her again at a party after
so many years.
5. There is a different opinion the date for the exhibition.
6. The theory he about the black hole isn’t understood
by most people.
7. The driver to make up for the hour he’d lost in the traffic
jam.
by accident
as to
put forward
sped up
密
码
解
读 前缀en-、后缀-en、-ize/-ise、-ify都是常见的动词词缀
en- 使处
于……状态 -en使，使成
为，变得 -ize/-ise 使……化 -ify使……化
enlarge vt.&
vi.扩大 broaden vi.变
宽，变阔 modernize vi.&
vt.使现代化 unify vi.& vt.统
一，使成一体
endanger vt.
使遭受危害 blacken vi.&
vt.（使）变黑 realize vt.实现 purify vt.
提纯；使洁净
encourage vt.
鼓励；激励 sadden vt. 使悲伤 civilize vt.教
化；使文明 classify vt.
将……分类
即
时
应
用 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
1.（2024·1月浙江卷）She decided that she would
（memory）where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of
the place didn’t exist.
2.Only by practising day in and day out can you
（sharp） your skills.
memorize
sharpen
即
时
应
用 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
3.Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Xu
Xiake.Fields of flowers， tile-roofed （瓦屋顶） villages and tasty
meals （rich） this wonderful experience.
4.The theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange
and （strength） mutual cooperation between the
countries along the Silk Road.
5.The computer has （simply） the difficult task of
teaching reading to the deaf.
enrich
strengthen
simplified
（三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：主语＋谓语＋the
first/second/...to do sth 教材原句：Tu Youyou has
become the first female scientist of
the People’s Republic of China to
receive a Nobel Prize， awarded
for her contribution to the fight
against malaria， one of the
deadliest diseases in human history. 1.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）在公园
里，我是第一个发现一处风景迷
人的地方的人，也是第一个完成
作品的人。
In the park， I was
a spot boasting
breathtaking scenery and
.
the first to
discover
the first
to finish my work there
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：it was not
until ...that ...强调句 教材原句：However， it was not
until the 1970s that Tu succeeded
in discovering qinghaosu， after
many failed experiments. 2.直到几个小时后，我们才打开
门，开始供应晚餐。
we opened the door and
began serving dinner.
It was not until a couple of hours
later that
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：含蓄虚拟条件句 教材原句：Without her broad
knowledge of both traditional
Chinese medicine and Western
medicine，Tu might never have
discovered qinghaosu. 3.老实说，如果没有我的鼓励，
大卫可能到不了终点线，也排不
到第2名。
To be honest，
， David
.
without my
encouragement
might
never reached the finish line and
ranked the second
句型公式 句式仿写
4.句型公式：what引导的宾语从句 教材原句：And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be， he is still in some doubt. 4.（2024·北京卷）很高兴听说你打算撰写关于中国成就的文章。以下是一些你可以在这篇文章中包含的内容的建议。
It’s great to hear that you are planning to write about China’s achievements.Here are a few suggestions for
.
what you might include in
your article
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Last Monday saw several lions escaping from a nature
reserve， was believed to be very dangerous. When referring to this incident， the police in charge told citizens to keep calm， saying they intended to seize the lions as soon as possible.The surrounding villagers were not permitted （go） out alone.Frightened， the children also had to stay at home.The lions led a panic among people.To the police’s credit， after two days’ hard work， they managed to trap the lions.
微技能热身
1. ①处应填关系代词 。本句是主从复合句，主句Last
Monday saw ...使用了拟人的修辞手法。
2. ②处是状语从句的 形式，此处相当于When the police
referred to this incident。
3. ③处应填 。
4. ④处应填介词 。
which
省略
to go
to
charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充
满 n.收费；控告；谴责；掌管
【练通】 单句语法填空
①How much money did the authorities charge you running the
shop without a permit？
②（人教选必四）Whoever is charged a crime should be
presumed innocent until proven otherwise.
for
with
③（人教选必二）He received a hero’s welcome from his homeland
and was put charge of not only developing China’s rocket science
but also its space and missile programme.
④The house has been in charge of Mr Bell for more than a year.
in
the
【写美】 完成句子
⑤She to treat patients and often reduced costs
for poor patients.
她向病人收取的治疗费用极低，而且经常为穷苦病人减免费用。
charged very low fees
【归纳】
（1）charge sb （...） for sth 为某物向某人收取（多少费用）
charge sb with （doing） sth 控告某人（做）某事
（2）take charge of 掌管/负责……
in charge of 控制/管理……
in the charge of 由……管理/负责
free of charge＝for free 免费
【佳句】 I am Li Hua and in charge of “Talk and Talk”，an English
program from the Campus Broadcasting Station.（邀请信）
我是李华，负责校园广播电台的英语节目“Talk and Talk”。
【点津】 in charge of往往以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；in
the charge of往往以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。
Mr Zhang is in charge of our class.＝Our class is in the charge of Mr
Zhang.张老师管理我们班。
intend vt.& vi.想要，计划；意指
【练通】 单句语法填空
①The university is known for its language and culture courses which are
intended international students.
②She intended （visit） her grandmother last
weekend， but she fell ill.
③She made it clear that her （intend） was to help the new
students feel welcomed at school.
for
to have visited
intention
【写美】 句式升级
④The university is known for its language and culture courses
.（用分词短语作定语改写句①）
intended
for international students
【归纳】
（1）intend doing/to do sth 打算做某事
（2）intended adj. 打算的；计划的
be intended for ... 为……打算（或设计）的
had intended to do sth 本打算做某事
（3）intention n. 意图，目的；打算
intentional adj. 有意的，故意的
intentionally adv. 有意地，故意地
【佳句】 I had intended to accompany you to the Great Wall， but my
tutor told me to revise my paper， so I’m terribly sorry.（道歉信）
我本来打算陪你去长城的，但是我的导师让我修改我的论文，所以我
很抱歉。
surround vt.围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）The meat should be fresh with a touch of
sweetness，and the （surround） soup hot， clear and
delicious.
surrounding
【写美】 句式升级
②The modern tall building in the distance is the newly built stadium of our
school.The building is surrounded by a great many trees.
→ ，the modern tall building in the
distance is the newly built stadium of our school. （非谓语动词作状语）
Surrounded by a great many trees
【归纳】
（1）surround ...with ... 用……包围/围绕……
be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围/环绕
（2）surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的
surroundings n. 环境（常用复数）
【佳句】 When I realized that I was the winner of gold medal， surprise
and unbelief surrounded me.I could not believe my eyes.（个人成长）
当我意识到我是金牌得主时，惊讶和疑惑包围了我。我简直不敢相信
自己的眼睛。
【点津】 surroundings指周围的环境，常用复数，environment指影响
人或事物的行为或发展的环境。如a happy home environment幸福的家
庭环境。
permit vt.& vi.允许，准许，许可；使有可能 n.许可证
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Employees are permitted （use） the golf course during
their free hours.
②Visitors are reminded that the museum doesn’t permit
（smoke）.
③If you want to take a day off， you must ask
（permit） from your manager.
to use
smoking
permission
【写美】 句式升级
④If weather permits，a winter hike will be launched to get us close to
nature.
→ ， a winter hike will be launched to get us close
to nature.（独立主格结构）
Weather permitting
【归纳】
（1）permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
（2）permission n.[U] 允许；许可
ask sb for permission＝ask permission from sb 请求某人许可
without permission 未经允许
【佳句】 No one is permitted to take photos of the exhibits in the
museum without permission.（通知）
任何人未经允许禁止对博物馆里的展品拍照。
【联想】 “允许某人做某事”还可用allow sb to do sth来表达。
credit n.赞扬，认可；信用 vt.存入金额；把……归于
【练通】 单句语法填空
①For lack of money then， Mike bought a new laptop credit.
②Her performance in the play does credit the entire cast.
on
to
【写美】 完成句子
③ ， you gave back the money you picked up； your
honesty .
值得赞扬的是，你拾金不昧。你的诚实值得表扬。
To your credit
does you credit
【归纳】
（1）to one’s credit 使某人值得赞扬/钦佩
do sb/sth credit＝do credit to sb/sth 使某人/某物值得赞扬
on credit 赊账
give sb credit for 为……而称赞某人
（2）credit card 信用卡
【佳句】 （外研选必二）I was really surprised when a bank contacted
me with a credit card offer.有家银行给我打电话让我办理信用卡的时
候，我非常惊讶。
refer to 查阅，参考；提到，谈及
【练通】 单句语法填空/语境辨义
①（人教必修二）People from the UK are called “British”， which
means the UK is also often referred as Britain or Great Britain.
②The case was refered the court of Appeal yesterday.
③The custom may date back to the Tang Dynasty； for detailed
information， refer to the book.
④We have reach an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again in
the future.
to
to
查阅，参考
谈及
【写美】 词汇升级
⑤The short video covers the history of our school.
→The short video the history of our school.
refers to
【归纳】
（1）refer to ...as ... 把……称作……
refer ...to ... 把……提交给……
（2）reference n. 谈及；提及；参考，查阅
make reference to 提及
reference book 参考书
【佳句】 If you meet with the unknown characters， I suggest that you
（should） refer to reference books.（建议信）
如果你遇到了不认识的字，我建议你查阅参考书。
【联想】 “查词典”的表达有refer to a dictionary和look up the word in
the dictionary等。
In my opinion， it’s not advisable to refer to a dictionary whenever you
come across a new word.
在我看来，遇到一个生词就查词典是不可取的。
Tom is an exchange student from England. He desires to
learn Chinese well， and he takes full advantage of every minute to apply himself to it.He hopes that the great effort he is making will pay off.I think he should set aside some time to participate in some out-of-class activities which favours his health although time is （limit）.The teacher often reminds him that he should do what can be done to keep fit.Now， he prefers to take exercise every day， which is beneficial his body. To our joy， we have built up a good relationship with time going by.
微技能热身
1. ①处短语takes full advantage of可用 代替。
2. ②处应填 。
3. ③处应填介词 。
makes full use of
limited
to
apply vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关
【练通】 单句语法填空/补全句子
①If you apply （you） to your learning， you can make
much more progress sooner or later.
②They are hoping that these findings can have practical
（apply） in better understanding human brain damage.
③In my view， the official rule （适用于） all the
emergencies that occur.
yourself
applications
applies to
【写美】 完成句子
④Anyone who would like to should submit the
application form before Sunday.
有意申请这个职位的人应在周日之前提交申请表。
apply for the position
【归纳】
（1）apply （to sb） for sth （向某人）申请某物
apply to do sth 申请做某事
apply to sb/sth 适用于……
apply sth to ... 把某物应用/涂抹于……
apply oneself to （doing） sth 致力于/集中精力于（做）某事
（2）application n. 申请（书）；应用
applicant n. 申请人
【佳句】 Knowing that Chinese Workshop will be held in the school， I
am writing to apply to take part in the activity.（申请信）
得知贵校将举办中文讲座，我写信是想申请参加这个活动。
favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒
【练通】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was a turning point.Things are starting to go our favour.
②Most of them were while David was
against it.
他们大部分人赞成我的观点，而戴维反对。
in
in favour of my opinion
【写美】 词汇升级
③I was wondering if you could help me by guiding us to revise a short
play.（求助信）
→I was wondering if you could by
guiding us to revise a short play.
do me a favour/give me a hand
【归纳】
（1）ask a favour （of sb） 请（某人）帮忙
do sb a favour＝give sb a hand 帮某人一个忙
in favour of 同意；支持；赞成
in one’s favour 有利于某人；对某人有利
in favour 受欢迎；得宠
show favour to sb 偏袒某人
（2）favourite adj. 最喜爱的
n. 特别喜爱的人（或事物）
【佳句】 He boiled with anger when hearing that most of them weren’t
in favour of his opinion.
当听到他们大多数人不赞成他的意见时，他勃然大怒。
limited adj.有限的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①（外研选必二）When first introduced in Japan in 1999， emojis were
limited 176 simple designs.
②The reason why this was difficult was that the team had
（limit） resources.
to
limited
【写美】 完成句子
③There is one’s life， but no
.
人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。
a limit to
limit to serving the
people
【归纳】
（1）limit vt. 限制
n. 限制；极限；界限
limit ...to ... 把……限制在……内
beyond the limit 超出限度
there is a/no limit to 对……是有限的/无限的
（2）limitless adj. 无限的
【佳句】 The length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.
（征稿）
文章的长度应限制在400词左右。
beneficial adj.有益的，有用的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①You can also go over the knowledge at the same time and you are sure
to benefit it.
②It is of great benefit to share your feelings with someone you trust，
which is also （benefit） to your mental health.
from
beneficial
【写美】 句型转换
③Having a good knowledge of Chinese table manners is beneficial to
you.
→Having a good knowledge of Chinese table manners
you.
is of benefit
to
【归纳】
（1）对……有益；有益于……（to为介词）
（2）benefit n. 益处，好处
vi.& vt. 得益于；使受益
for the benefit of ... 为了……的利益
（3）benefit from/by ... 从……中受益；得益于……
【佳句】 You can take the course twice a week， which can be very
beneficial to/be of great benefit to your oral Chinese.
你可以每周上两次课程，这对你的汉语口语很有益。
pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的；偿清；付清工资后解雇；得到回
报
【练通】 用pay的相关短语填空
① historic sites enables us to get exposed to our
history and culture in depth， which， to some extent， strengthens our
national pride.
②He also studied people， what they did and why
they did it.
Paying a visit to
paying attention to
【写美】 完成句子
③It is a real encouragement to see and I do hope
you can hold your passion in the future.
看到你的努力得到回报我真的很受鼓舞，非常希望你将来能保持
热情。
your efforts paid off
【归纳】
（1）pay back 偿还（欠款）；报复；回报
pay for sth 付某物的钱；为某事付出代价
get paid 得到报酬；拿到薪水
pay the bill 付账；买单
（2）pay a visit to 参观；拜访
pay attention to 注意；留心
【佳句】 Although our clothes were soaked with sweat， we didn’t
mind it at all because our efforts paid off.（活动介绍）
虽然我们的衣服都被汗水湿透了，但我们一点也不介意，因为努力得
到了回报。
what 引导的宾语从句
And when he is pretty sure of what the result is going to be， he is still
in some doubt.
当他很确定结果会怎样时，他仍会有疑惑。
【写美】 完成句子/句型转换
①（北师大选必二）They didn’t want to abandon
.
他们并不想放弃自己一直认为正确的知识。
what they’d
always thought as true
②“Every day， I would work on it，” she said.“Over time， it felt
like .”
她说：“每天，我都会致力于这件事，随着时间的推移，感觉这就是
我真正想要的。”
③The boy is too young to know what to do when in trouble.
→The boy is too young to know when in trouble.
（宾语从句）
what he should do
this is what I really wanted
【归纳】
（1）介词后不跟that引导的宾语从句，这时需要用it作介词的形式宾
语，再接that引导的宾语从句；但what、which、whom等引导的宾语
从句可放在介词之后。
（2）介词后可接whether引导的宾语从句，但不能接if引导的宾语
从句。
（3）what引导的宾语从句是名词性从句的一种，what在从句中充当
主语、宾语或表语；what可翻译为“……的东西/事情”。
【佳句】 （北师大选必三）So far，it is still unknown what will
happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up.到目前为止，
我们仍不清楚中中和华华长大后会发生什么。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. credit
A. n.赞扬，认可 B. vt.认为是……的功劳，把……归于
C. n.信用（额度） D. n.学分
（1）（2025·南京、盐城一模）The cost of strawberry picking starts at
$4/pound， and they accept cash and credit cards.
（2）（2023·全国甲卷）She credits these skills to her late grandfather
and builder Derek Lloyd.From the age of six，Terri，now 26，
accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays.
C
B
（3）Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best
leadership technique in the world.
（4）The library has lockers for students to store course literature.When
you have obtained at least 40 credits， you may rent a locker.
A
D
2. pay off
A. 偿清（债务） B. 成功，得到回报 C. 付清工资后解雇，遣散
（1）Over 1，000 workers will be paid off if this factory closes.
（2）（2025·盐城三模）Her months of dedicated practice paid off，
allowing her to navigate the exam with ease and precision.
（3）Ten years later， the wife paid off all the debts that her husband
left，which was beyond others’ expectations.
C
B
A
3. refer to
A. 查阅，参考 B. 谈到，提及 C. 指的是
（1）“When I said that， I was not referring to you，”she said with a
shy smile.
（2）Why not refer to a dictionary to check the spelling of the
word？
（3）The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his
speech.
C
A
B
4. 词义猜测
（1）The helicopter landed near our camp and its loud noises scared the
bear.He looked irritated and charged at us again.
（2）There are traditional proverbs which express a moral or a piece of
advice.
（3）As is known to all， the warm weather favours the growth of
plants.
（4）Most households now own at least one computer.
v.向……冲去
n.寓意，教益
vt.有助于，有利于
n.家庭
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）In addition， there’s no need for pesticides
and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the
（surround） environment.
2. （2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）I keep two （refere） books
close-by on my desk： dictionary and thesaurus （同义词词典）.
3. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）I liked traveling in France， but when it came
to picking my （favor） spot to settle， Italy was the clear
winner.
surrounding
reference
favorite
4. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）Those who are dressed inappropriately will be
refused （permit） to participate.
5. （2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）Taking （responsible） for
mistakes is a positive step， but don’t beat yourself up about them.
6. （2023·全国乙卷）Once we found the place， it was stressful
getting lights and cameras set up in the （limit） time.
7. All （apply） must have a driver’s license and access
to a car.Gas will be covered for each delivery.
permission
responsibility
limited
applicants
8. （2025·青岛二模）They are （intend）
provided， so that your kids can develop an appreciation of risk in a
controlled play environment.
9. Sports like riding and walking are （benefit） to your
health， which can help you keep in good shape.
10. Overall， the results are quite interesting，
（indicate） that language learning can be integrated with personal
hobbies and （entertain）.
intentionally
beneficial
indicating
entertainment
11. To lose weight，he limits himself three cups of milk and
several fruits a day.
12. The environmental group launched a campaign favour of
sustainable energy sources.
13. They always refer to me a bookworm because I am always
addicted to reading.
14. Since the new rules began to work，we students have been
permitted （have） one hour for exercise every day.
to
in
as
to have
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. The new movie opened （很成功） and received rave
reviews.
2. Scientists often discover new things （通过
反复试验）.
3. It is a duty for us to （对……做贡献）
protecting the environment.
4. The writer （利用） his own experiences to create vivid
characters.
5. My father told me that he （很可能） arrive late
because of the traffic.
with a bang
through trial and error
make a contribution to
draws on
was likely to
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
第一步 练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，一位伟大的科学家，一生致力于他的科学实
验和研究。（同位语；experiment）
Albert Einstein， a great scientist， devoted his life to his scientific
experiment and research.
人物介绍——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
2. 进入大学后，他偏爱物理，决心主修这门学科。（favour；形容词
短语作状语）
3. 为了获得广阔的研究资源，他离开欧洲去了美国。（broad）
4. 在潜心研究下，他最终取得了许多科学成就。（scientific； with复
合结构）
After entering university， he showed favour to physics， determined to
major in this subject.
In order to obtain broad research resources， he left Europe for America.
With his mind focused on his research，he finally achieved lots of
scientific achievements.
5. 我们所有人都钦佩他的突出成就，尤其是“相对论”，对物理学乃
至整个科学领域的发展都产生了深远的影响。（standout；非限制性
定语从句）
We all admire his standout achievements， especially “the theory of
relativity”， which has had a profound impact on the development of
physics and even the entire scientific field.
第二步 组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Albert Einstein， a great scientist， devoted his life to his
scientific experiment and research.After entering university， he showed
favour to physics， determined to major in this subject.In order to obtain
broad research resources， he left Europe for America.Luckily，with his
mind focused on his research，he finally achieved lots of scientific
achievements.We all admire his standout achievements， especially “the
theory of relativity”， which has had a profound impact on the
development of physics and even the entire scientific field.
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮
词 动作描写：surround； permit； put forward； let sb down
环境描写：lightning； thunderstorm； bang
美
句 ①Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize，awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria，one of the deadliest diseases in human history.（人物描写）
②When we look at any question deeply enough，we feel the
excitement and mystery coming to us again and again.（情感描写）
情感描写之“失望、遗憾、孤独”
词汇
单
词 ①disappoint v.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointed adj.失望的→disappointment n.失望；扫
兴；令人失望的人/事
②regret v.后悔，对……感到抱歉 n.遗憾，失望→regretful
adj.后悔的；失望的
③frustrated adj.沮丧的；失望的
④sorry adj.遗憾的
词汇
词
块 ①feel extremely disappointed 感到失望极了
②hide one’s disappointment掩饰某人的失望
③a look of disappointment/loneliness flashed across/spread over
one’s face某人脸上露出失望/孤独的表情
④be overcome/consumed with disappointment＝be overwhelmed by disappointment 非常失望
⑤to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是
美句
①Upon hearing this， Aaron let out a heavy sigh.“You should have checked every detail，” he remarked， a hint of disappointment
in his voice.
听到这里，亚伦重重地叹了口气。“你本应该检查好每一个细节的，”他说道，语气中带着一丝失望。
②Overcome with bitter disappointment at his failing to win a prize，he locked himself up in his room.
他对未能获奖感到极度失望，于是把自己锁在房间里。（分词作状语）
美句
③Seeing the disappointing result，he was extremely disappointed， tears of regret running/streaming down his cheeks.
看到令人失望的结果，他非常失望，遗憾的眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。
（独立主格结构）
④It was at that moment that a ripple of regret welled up inside me.
How I wished I hadn’t said those words！
就在那时，我的心中泛起了一阵遗憾。我真希望我没有说那些话！
（强调句）
情境导语 今天是我的生日，环顾四周，身边一个人也没有……
第一步 完成句子
1. 我低着头，感到极度失望和孤独。
Lowering my head，I was .
2. 没人记得我的生日。有一个朋友吗？除非有奇迹发生。
.A friend？ Unless there was a
miracle.
extremely disappointed/frustrated
Nobody remembered my birthday
3. 沮丧像乌云一样笼罩着我。过去充满欢笑的生日回忆涌上心头。
， which were filled with
laughter.（比喻）
4. 我应该和家人一起吹灭蜡烛，而不是独自在这里漫无目的地闲逛。
I should have blown out the candles with my family instead
of .
Depression settled over me like a dark cloud.Memories of my past
birthdays crowded in on me/into my mind
wandering alone here aimlessly
5. 冷风拂过我的脸。我强忍住泪水，闭上眼睛，默默地祈求奇迹
的出现。
for a miracle.（融情于景＋三连动作链）
The cold wind brushed across my face.I fought back tears， shut my
eyes and made a silent wish
第二步 连句成文
Lowering my head，I was extremely
disappointed/frustrated.Nobody remembered my birthday.A friend？
Unless there was a miracle.Depression settled over me like a dark
cloud.Memories of my past birthdays crowded in on me/into my mind，
which were filled with laughter.I should have blown out the candles with
my family instead of wandering alone here aimlessly.The cold wind
brushed across my face.I fought back tears， shut my eyes and made a
silent wish for a miracle.
4
素养·培育落实
真题剖析，深度探究
（陕西卷）Most people know that Marie Curie was the
first woman to win the Nobel Prize， and the first person to
win it twice. However， few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.
Born in September， 1897， Irene Curie was the first of the Curies’
two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also
famous scholars， Irene studied in their own school， and her mother was
one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College
of Sévigné in Paris.
Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in
mathematics and physics. When World War Ⅰ began， Irene went to help
her mother， who was using X-ray facilities （设备） to help save the
lives of wounded soldiers. Irene continued the work by developing X-ray
facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were
recognised in the form of a Military Medal by the French government.
In 1918， Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie
Institute. In December 1924， Frederic Joliot joined the Institute， and
Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in
love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927
and their son Pierre five years later.
Like her mother， Irene combined family and career. Like her
mother， Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize， along with her husband， in
1935. Unfortunately， also like her mother， she developed leukemia
because of her work with radioactivity （辐射能）. Irene Joliot-Curie
died from leukemia on March 17， 1956.
49. Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal？ （ ）
A. Because she received a degree in mathematics.
B. Because she contributed to saving the wounded.
C. Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.
D. Because she worked as a helper to her mother.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Irene在第一次世界大
战爆发后去帮助母亲利用X光设备救治伤员，后来在法国和比利时的
部队医院继续研发X光设备，因此而获得军功勋章。
√
50. Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot？ （ ）
A. At the Curie Institute.
B. At the University of Paris.
C. At a military hospital.
D. At the College of Sévigné.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Irene 于1918年在
居里学院给她母亲当助手，1924年Frederic Joliot 加入该学院，后来他
们相爱并结婚了。
√
51. When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born？
（ ）
A. In 1932. B. In 1927.
C. In 1897. D. In 1926.
解析： 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，Irene Curie
和丈夫Frederic Joliot 的女儿是在1927年出生的，5年之后儿子Pierre 出
生，即他们的第二个孩子是1932年出生的。
√
52. In which of the following aspects was Irene Curie different from her
mother？ （ ）
A. Irene worked with radioactivity.
B. Irene combined family and career.
C. Irene won the Nobel Prize once.
D. Irene died from leukemia.
√
解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中的and the first person to win it
twice 可知，居里夫人获得过两次诺贝尔奖；再根据最后一段内容可
知，Irene Curie在1935年和她的丈夫一起荣获诺贝尔奖。因此C项说明
了Irene Curie 和她母亲的不同之处。
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1. scholar n. 学者；有学问的人；奖学金获得者
2. facility n. 设备，设施；天赋，才能
3. military adj. 军事的；军队的；武装的
4. recognise v. 承认，认可；认出
5. institute n. 研究所，机构
6. award v. 授予
（二）由文本积主题词块
1. along with 与……一道；沿（顺）着；
连同……一起；除了……
2. prepare for 为……作准备，使有准备
3. in the form of 以……的形式
4. fall in love 相爱
5. combine ...and ... 把……与……结合
6. because of 因为
7. die from 死于；因……而死
8. work as 担任；充当
9. a degree in mathematics and physics 数学和物理学学位
（三）由文本知变式运用
1. 学习构词（派生词）
（1）wounded adj.受伤的；负伤的[wound （n.）＋后缀-ed]
（2）assistant n.助理；助手[assist （v.）＋后缀-ant]
（3）unfortunately adv.不幸地，遗憾地[前缀un-＋fortunate（adj.）
＋后缀-ly ]
2. 近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）assist＝ （第三段）
（2）need＝ （第四段）
help
require
3. 熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）degree [熟义] n.度，度数（角的量度单位）；程度
→[生义] n. （第三段第一句）
（2）recognise [熟义] v.认出；辨别出
→[生义] v. （第三段第四句）
（3）develop [熟义] v.发展；研制
→[生义] v. （第五段第三句）
学位
承认，认可
患（病）
（四）由文本学靓丽表达
1. Most people know that Marie Curie was
（第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性）， and
（第一个赢得两次诺贝尔奖的人）. （动词不定式作
定语）
2. （当第一次世界大战开始的时候），
Irene went to help her mother， who was using X-ray facilities （设备）
to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.（时间状语从句）
3. In December 1924， Frederic Joliot joined the Institute， and Irene
taught him （他工作需要的技
术）.（非谓语动词短语作后置定语）
the first woman to win the
Nobel Prize
the first person
to win it twice
When World War Ⅰ began
the techniques required for his work
（五）由文本探析长难句
Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous
scholars， Irene studied in their own school， and her mother was one of
the teachers.
分析：介词短语Along with nine other children whose parents were also
famous scholars作 ，其中含有一个定语从句
；and连接一个并列句。
译文：
状语
whose parents
were also famous scholars
Irene和其他九个父母也是著名学者的孩子一起在自己的学校
学习，她的母亲是老师之一。
5
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
（2025·江苏东台中学月考）A rising star from Virginia has
secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his
groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin
cancer.At just 14 years old， Heman Bekele emerged as the victor of the
2023 Young Scientist Challenge， standing out among the ten finalists
with his innovative creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap
（SCTS）.
Bekele’s brilliant concept centers on the development of a soap that
is not only affordable， but also has the potential to reactivate the body’s
natural defenders of the skin to stop skin cancer.In Bekele’s own
words， “Curing cancer， one bar of soap at a time.” He always has
endless passion for biology and technology， and the Young Scientist
Challenge just provided him with the perfect platform to display his
ideas.Reflecting on his inspiration， Bekele shared that his childhood
played a significant role in shaping his innovative thinking.Having
witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun， he couldn’t help but
wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun
exposure.
“I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but
also accessible to a broad audience，” Bekele expressed during an
interview with the media.He received invaluable guidance from Deborah
Isabelle， a product engineering specialist， who connected him with
other scientists to aid him in reaching his ambitious plans.
During his presentation， Bekele passionately expressed his vision of
turning the soap into “a symbol of hope， accessibility， and a world
where skin cancer treatment is within reach for all”.
Over the coming five years， Bekele longs to perfect his invention
and establish a non-profit organization devoted to distributing his
innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities，
offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚
州的年轻科学家Heman Bekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂
获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位14岁来自弗吉尼亚
州的年轻科学家Heman Bekele，他通过创造一种抗击皮肤癌的肥皂
获得了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。
1. What made Bekele an instant hit？（ ）
A. Starting a soap fashion.
B. Overcoming skin cancer.
C. Being the youngest scientist.
D. Creating a soap against skin cancer.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Heman Bekele发明
了一种对抗皮肤癌的肥皂，一炮而红。
√
2. What inspired Bekele to invent SCTS？（ ）
A. His concern for others.
B. His adventure in childhood.
C. His enthusiasm for technology.
D. His interest in medical knowledge.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Reflecting on his inspiration，
Bekele shared that ...were aware of the risks associated with constant sun
exposure.可知，Bekele对别人的关心激励了他发明SCTS。
√
3. What will Bekele do in the near future？（ ）
A. Obtain official approval.
B. Visit undeveloped areas.
C. Increase the availability of the soap.
D. Update the facilities of production.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，Bekele希望建立一个
非营利组织，将他的创新产品分发到更多地方，即增加肥皂的可
获得性。
√
4. Which of the following can best describe Bekele？（ ）
A. Inspiring and modest.
B. Humorous and positive.
C. Creative and considerate.
D. Curious and independent.
解析： 推理判断题。根据文章首句以及最后三段内容可知，他一
个有创造力和体贴的人。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
Li Cheng， 20， a college student and engineering enthusiast from
Southwest China’s Chongqing， is making waves by turning his dreams
into reality.
Employing his knowledge， insights and 5 ， Li has invented a
groundbreaking Braille （盲文） dot display 6 for the blind.Named
“Argus”， the first bunch of the Braille dot display is expected to
be 7 this summer.
Li said his idea for Argus was traced back to the end of his freshman
year in 2021.One day， when he was reading a novel on his phone， a
series of questions 8 his mind： “How do 9 impaired （受损
的） people read？ How can I help them out？” His 10 led to
research on the topic， including interacting with those who experienced
daily 11 .However， when he put his idea into practice， the
expensive material jumped in the way.
In the past year， Li’s team has managed to 12 costs by 40 per
cent after rounds of trial and 13 ， and eventually succeeded in
reconstructing a device that overturns the 14 physical approach to the
present electromagnetic approach.The first-generation Argus is 15
between 8，000 to 10，000 yuan， with plans to introduce a more 16
entry-level version with basic functions.
17 ， Li plans to devote three to five years to boost
Argus.Overseas promotion is also scheduled for next year， with 18
to integrate the core technology — high-density tactile sensing （高密度
触觉传感） — into virtual reality applications and potentially
develop 19 companion robots， with the aim of improving people’s
domestic lives.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了大学生李成发明的一
种盲文点阵显示器，这种创新为视力受损的人提供了阅读的新方
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了大学生李成发明的一
种盲文点阵显示器，这种创新为视力受损的人提供了阅读的新方式。
5. A. sympathy B. faith
C. contribution D. occupation
解析： 根据and可知，空处和knowledge以及insights并列，结合选
项可知，sympathy（同情）符合语境。
6. A. celebrated B. adjusted
C. tailored D. advocated
解析： 根据下文How do 9 impaired （受损的） people read？
How can I help them out？可知，这个是李成专门为盲人开发的设备。
√
√
7. A. proved B. handled
C. awarded D. released
解析： 根据下文Overseas promotion is also scheduled for next year可
知，明年海外发行，所以第一批在今年夏天发布。
8. A. clouded B. struck
C. sharpened D. changed
解析： 根据语境可知，应是突然想到一系列问题。
√
√
9. A. mentally B. behaviorally
C. visually D. socially
解析： 根据上文Li has invented a groundbreaking Braille （盲文）
dot display 6 for the blind.可知，盲人点阵显示器是专门为盲人开
发的，所以此处是他好奇视障人士是如何阅读的？
10. A. honesty B. determination
C. bravery D. curiosity
解析： 根据上文How do 9 impaired （受损的） people read？
How can I help them out？可知，李成的好奇让他开始研究这个课题。
√
√
11. A. activities B. exercise
C. performance D. challenges
解析： 根据上文可知，他要专门为盲人开发阅读设备，而盲人是
每天都经历挑战的。
12. A. increase B. reduce
C. control D. estimate
解析： 根据上文However， when he put his idea into practice， the
expensive material jumped in the way.可知，昂贵的材料阻碍了他，所
以此处应是设法降低了成本。
√
√
13. A. incident B. error
C. competition D. interruption
解析： trial and error为固定短语，意为“反复试验”。
14. A. previous B. comprehensive
C. scientific D. systematic
解析： 根据语境可知，把物理方法转为目前的电磁方法，所以物
理方法应是以前的。
√
√
15. A. listed B. measured
C. priced D. calculated
解析： 根据between 8，000 to 10，000 yuan可知，应是定价在8000
元至10000元之间。
16. A. official B. affordable
C. satisfactory D. intelligent
解析： 根据entry-level version with basic functions可知，只具备基
本功能的入门级版本，应是更便宜的。
√
√
17. A. Thinking back B. Moving around
C. Stepping aside D. Looking ahead
解析： 根据Li plans to devote three to five years to boost Argus可
知，用三到五年的时间来推动阿格斯的发展应是展望未来。
18. A. services B. responsibilities
C. ambitions D. requirements
解析： 整合技术研发家用伴侣机器人，这是志向。
√
√
19. A. household B. commercial
C. medical D. educational
解析： 根据下文with the aim of improving people’s domestic lives
可知，改善人们的家庭生活，所以是研发家用伴侣机器人。
√
Ⅲ.应用文写作
（2025·衡阳一中模拟）假定你是李华，你所在的学校近期引入
了一些人工智能（AI）技术应用，用以帮助学生学习和日常生活。请
你根据以下提示，给校刊英语专栏写一篇短文，谈谈你对此的看法。
内容包括：
（1）AI在你校的具体应用；
（2）AI带来的便利；
（3）你对此的看法。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
Dear Editor，
I am writing to talk about the recent application of AI technology in
our school.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Editor，
I am writing to talk about the recent application of AI technology in
our school.Our school has integrated AI in several ways， including smart
classrooms and personalized learning platforms， significantly enhancing
the educational experience.
The introduction of AI-powered tools， such as virtual assistants for
study and the AI analysis system for personal learning plans， has greatly
facilitated our studies.It makes learning more interactive and suitable for
individual students.
In my opinion， the inclusion of AI in our education system is a
progressive step toward a future way of learning.It not only makes
learning more efficient but also prepares us for technology-driven future
careers.I look forward to seeing more innovative applications of AI in our
school.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
演示完毕 感谢观看 !
