UNIT 1 Honesty and responsibility
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Retirees are always working on a 1，000-piece puzzle or two at Utah’s Springville Senior Center.The tradition goes back more than six decades， when the community gathering spot for seniors opened in 1962.
About a year and a half ago， a dozen regulars stepped things up and completed a 5，000-piece Disney puzzle， which is when senior center director Tori Eaton decided to buy the biggest puzzle — a 60，000-piece puzzle called “What a Wonderful World”， and immediately she ordered it.Over the next four months， about 50 seniors spent four hours a day piecing together 60 different 1，000-piece puzzle sections featuring a world map and 187 images of artwork.After the 60 puzzles were combined into one piece of art spread across 16 tables， the senior center put it on display for the public.
Numerous studies have shown that puzzle-building helps with mental health， particularly in seniors， according to the National Institutes of Health.Bending over a table for 300 hours helped to build a sense of achievement and everyone felt enormous pride in finishing it， Eaton said.“Another great thing was that we can get people out of their houses to enjoy some fun companionship.Loneliness is a terrible thing for older people.Getting together to work for a couple of hours on a puzzle can make a huge difference.”
Ruth Nielsen is among those who stopped by the center to help put the large puzzle together.“I really liked the feeling of commitment and there was a feeling of community spirit in putting all those tiny pieces together into something beautiful，” said Nielsen， 73.
After the last piece was eased into place， everyone took photos and admired the puzzle for about three weeks， and then it was time for the next project： taking it apart.Eaton said they decided to lend the puzzle to another Utah senior center， so its members could enjoy the same feelings of achievement and togetherness.“I didn’t want to have to glue it all together and hang it up，” she said.“That would definitely be too much of a project.”
1.What motivated Eaton to buy the biggest puzzle？（ ）
A.The advice of center visitors.
B.The success of a huge puzzle.
C.The creation of a larger puzzle.
D.The increase of senior members.
2.What advantage does puzzle-building have according to Paragraph 3？（ ）
A.It promotes independence. B.It encourages competition.
C.It improves seniors’ memory. D.It relieves seniors’ loneliness.
3.What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Ruth Nielsen？（ ）
A.To present a problem. B.To support a finding.
C.To introduce a method. D.To make a comparison.
4.What can we learn about the puzzle from the last paragraph？（ ）
A.It was well received. B.It was urgently needed.
C.It cost an arm and a leg. D.It required to be replaced.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2025·苏州八校联考）Confidence plays a very important role in people’s lives.It gives people light when they are in dark and encouragement when they are discouraged.It is the first step on the road to success.People who look confident seem to grab more rewarding careers， maintain better relationships， and may make miracles in the face of insurmountable （不可逾越的） difficulties.
So what is the secret of confidence？ In fact， there is no secret.Self-confidence is a skill and habit that everyone can learn to develop.5.（ ） You can try these simple tips for practicing and increasing our confidence levels. First， dare to fail.Anybody who’s out there genuinely striving is going to fail repeatedly.6.（ ） Only when we face up to our difficulties can we build up our confidence and give ourselves a chance of success.
7.（ ） You don’t have to be beautiful to be confident.Make the most of your own unique strengths and pay less attention to your weaknesses so that you know you’re giving out your best image.
Third， listen to yourself； do not look down on yourself.You are the only person who knows what is right for yourself.8.（ ）
Last， build a confidence vocabulary.Stop putting yourself down， and quit constantly mentioning your tiny flaws.Learn to highlight your positive qualities and the world will learn to see and appreciate them too.
Confidence is a plant that grows slowly.9.（ ） Only when we have enough confidence in ourselves can we take the first step on the road to success.
A.It is built， not inborn.
B.Second， dress your success.
C.If you are not failing， you are not trying.
D.Second， neglect your drawbacks completely.
E.Don’t put others’ opinions above your own inner voice.
F.It encourages us to go to great lengths to achieve our goals.
G.We should build confidence through constant and patient effort.
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2025·泰州一模）My mom enjoyed inviting people for Thanksgiving.After my family moved far away from all our 10 ， Mom started filling the house with 11 guests — whoever had nowhere else to go for Thanksgiving.
I missed our big family gatherings before moving here， but Mom had a（n） 12 heart.This year， when Mom showed me her guest list， almost half the size of our small town’s 13 ， I was annoyed.
Our first guests arrived： three foreign exchange students.Mom’s original plan was to 14 one.But she was told those unable to go home sometimes 15 in tears， so here came three.The next guests 16 through the door， a single mom and her six kids.With more guests， the volume and the temperature in the house instantly 17 .Luckily， dinner was ready before the house or I 18 .However， seeing my name card placed among the six kids， I murmured angrily， “How would I get such an 19 seat？”
After dinner， Mom suggested sharing something we were thankful for — another annual 20 at our house.“I’m so 21 to your family for opening up home to us.” The single mom spoke with watery eyes.Then one student expressed how much it 22 to be with a family on Thanksgiving.
Suddenly something 23 me： the essence of generosity and inclusion.Thanksgiving is about more than family — it’s about a shared 24 full of kindness.
10.（ ） A.colleagues B.relatives C.neighbours D.strangers
11.（ ） A.close B.random C.specific D.favorite
12.（ ） A.generous B.energetic C.curious D.powerful
13.（ ） A.applicants B.beggars C.population D.volunteers
14.（ ） A.shelter B.award C.repay D.host
15.（ ）A.set out B.took over C.broke down D.showed up
16.（ ） A.burst B.dropped C.pulled D.fell
17.（ ）A.recovered B.declined C.rose D.stretched
18.（ ）A.exploded B.suffered C.slid D.withdrew
19.（ ）A.impressive B.unlucky C.unusual D.awesome
20.（ ）A.contest B.opportunity C.anticipation D.tradition
21.（ ）A.grateful B.sympathetic C.familiar D.addicted
22.（ ） A.cost B.worked C.remained D.meant
23.（ ）A.inspired B.convinced C.struck D.drilled
24.（ ） A.welfare B.community C.friendship D.future
UNIT 1 Honesty and responsibility
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在犹他州的斯普林维尔老年中心，退休人员总是在做一两个1000块的拼图。这一传统帮助老人缓解孤独感。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的About a year and a half ago， a dozen regulars ...buy the biggest puzzle可知，一个巨大拼图的成功促使伊顿购买最大的拼图。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Loneliness is a terrible thing for older people.Getting together to work for a couple of hours on a puzzle can make a huge difference.可知，拼图构建的优势是减轻老年人的孤独感。
3.B 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者提到露丝·尼尔森的目的是支持一项发现。
4.A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的After the last piece was eased into place， everyone took photos ...could enjoy the same feelings of achievement and togetherness.可推知，拼图反响很好。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。自信永远是一个人最宝贵的品质，但是自信并不是与生俱来的，它需要你克服困难来培养。
5.A 根据上文可知，自信是每个人都可以后天培养的技能和习惯。A项（它是建立的，不是天生的）符合语境。
6.C 根据上下文可知，此处是增强自信的第一个建议：敢于失败。C项（如果你没有失败，就没有尝试）符合语境。
7.B 根据下文可知，本段主要讲述了信心不一定要漂亮，要展示自己最好的形象，忽视自己的劣势。B项（第二：装扮成功）符合语境，B项中的Second与下段中的Third为顺承关系。
8.E 根据上文可知，要倾听自己内心的声音，不要轻视自己。E项（不要把别人的意见置于自己的心声之上）符合语境。
9.G 根据上文可知，自信要慢慢地建立起来。G项（我们应该通过持续耐心的努力建立信心）符合语境。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈一直致力于邀请陌生人来家里过感恩节，作者一开始并不理解，最后终于意识到了感恩节的内涵。
10.B 根据my family moved far away可知，作者一家搬离了所有的亲戚。
11.B 根据whoever had nowhere else to go for Thanksgiving可知，只要是没有地方过感恩节的人，妈妈都会邀请到家里来，说明客人都是随意邀请的。
12.A 根据上文可知，作者的母亲非常乐意邀请别人来过感恩节，尤其是没有地方去过感恩节的人，说明她有一颗慷慨的心。
13.C 根据语境可知，妈妈邀请人数很多，几乎是小镇人口的一半。
14.D 妈妈喜欢邀请人们来过感恩节，本来计划招待一位学生，结果来了三位。
15.C 根据in tears可知，那些无法回家的人有时会情绪崩溃而痛哭。
16.A 根据through the door可知，一位单身母亲和她的六个孩子冲进了家门。
17.C 根据语境可知，客人的增多导致了房间里的音量和温度升高。
18.A 对于这么多人的到来，作者并不开心，处在情绪爆发的边缘。
19.B 根据上文seeing my name card placed among the six kids， I murmured angrily可知，作者认为自己的位置很糟糕。
20.D 除了邀请陌生人来过感恩节，作者家的另一个传统是分享一些感激的东西。
21.A 根据下文The single mom spoke with watery eyes.可知，带孩子的女士感激作者一家邀请他们。
22.D 根据语境可知，一个学生表达了和作者一家一起过感恩节对他来说意义重大。
23.C 根据the essence of generosity and inclusion可知，陌生人的话使作者意识到了慷慨和包容的意义。
24.B 根据上文Thanksgiving is about more than family及shared可知，感恩节不仅仅是一个家庭的事，更重要的是要建立一个充满善意的共享社区。
3 / 3Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
To expand our knowledge， our head teacher took us to visit a scientific exhibition.But on our way to the museum， some unhappy things made us disappointed.First， we were held up in the traffic jam on the freeway for 3 hours.Later， one tyre of our bus burst， made us more discouraged.Seeing our teacher’s worried expression， every one of us pretended to be happy.However， on arriving at the destination， all of us became really excited again.The smile on our faces made it all worthwhile.So we all understood and forgave our teacher’s decision.We all expect our head teacher not to resign until he sends us into universities.Work hard and all of us will surely achieve our dreams. 微技能热身 1.①处burst在句中的意思是 。 A.爆炸，爆裂 B.冲，闯进 C.突然发生 2.②处应填 。 3.把③处所在的句子改为状语从句：
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①When Mary heard the bad news， a look of （disappoint） flashed across her face.
②The （disappoint） news that he failed in the exam made him in low spirits.
【写美】 句式升级
③To my disappointment， only 18% of the students choose to learn through reading books.
→ is that only 18% of the students choose to learn through reading books.（disappoint v.）
→Only 18% of the students choose to learn through reading books， .（disappointed adj.）
【归纳】
（1）be disappointed at/with/about sth 对某事感到失望
be disappointed in sb 对某人感到失望
be disappointed to do sth 因做某事而失望
（2）disappointment n. 失望
（much） to one’s disappointment＝to one’s （great） disappointment 使某人（非常）失望的是
（3）disappointing adj. 令人失望的/沮丧的
【佳句】 At that time， depressed and disappointed， I didn’t know how to change the terrible situation.（情绪描写）
在那时，我既沮丧又失望，不知道如何改变这种糟糕的情况。
【点津】 disappointed用于说明人的感受，disappointing用于说明事物给人的感受。
pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Magic is based on pretending （do） things that are impossible.
②To ease my embarrassment，I pretended （read） when my mother entered.
③When I am faced with difficulties in learning， I won’t pretend （know） it.
【写美】 完成句子
④ can lead your relationships to be built on lies.
伪装成别人会让你的人际关系建立在谎言之上。
【归纳】
pretend
【佳句】 When he got home，he buried his head under the quilt， pretending to be asleep.
回到家中，他蒙上头，假装睡着了。
【点津】 happen、appear、seem、claim与pretend用法类似（后接to do/to be doing/to have done）。
worthwhile adj.值得花时间（或花钱、努力等），重要的，令人愉快的
【练通】 句型转换
①The book written by him is well worth reading.
→The book written by him .（worthy）
→ the book written by him.（worthwhile）
【写美】 完成句子
②（人教选必二）I think this life-changing experience ，and I hope my child will study abroad in the future.
我认为这改变一生的经历当然是值得的，我希望我的孩子将来去国外留学。
【归纳】
（1）It’s worthwhile doing/to do sth 值得做某事
（2）be worthy
（3）be worth
【佳句】 This article is well worth reading， but it is not worthy of being translated/to be translated.
这篇文章很值得阅读，但不值得翻译。
【点津】 worth一般只作表语；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语也可作定语。
resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使自己顺从于（做某事）；安于
【练通】 单句语法填空
①To her angry， her young daughter resigned her job at the company.
②Ms Smith resigned her children the care of her parents when she went on a business trip.
【写美】 翻译句子
③面对困境时，她只好耐心等待。
【归纳】
（1）resign from ... 从……辞职
resign ...to ... 把……托付给……
resign as ... 辞去……的职务
resign oneself to （doing） sth 听任/顺从/只好（做）某事
（2）resignation n. 辞职；辞呈
【佳句】 My uncle resigned as chairman of the board last month.
我的叔叔上个月辞去了董事会主席的职务。
祈使句＋and＋陈述句
Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow.
今天播下成功的种子，明天你将会拥有丰厚的收获。
【写美】 完成句子
①Tell me what you eat， .
告诉我你平时吃什么，我就可以说出你是个什么样的人。
②Don’t drink too much while running， .
跑步的时候不要喝太多水，否则会让你感觉不舒服。
③ ， and you will settle the problem.
再努力一点，你就会解决这个问题。
【归纳】
（1）“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系，其中祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句， and之后的句子相当于主句。
（2）“祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if＋否定条件状语从句＋主句”。
（3）“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式的功能，名词词组中常含有more、another等词。
【佳句】 Work harder （＝If you work harder）， and you will succeed in your studies.
如果你更努力学习，你就会在学业上取得成功。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.keen
A.adj.热衷的，渴望的 B.adj.喜爱的 C.adj.灵敏的，敏锐的
（1）She has a keen eye for detail， which makes her an excellent editor.
（2）（2025·南京名校联考）The guide smiled and told me skiing is one of her keen pleasures.
（3）（人教选必四）We are building a team of keen young people to help us attend to hundreds of students from all over the world.
2.词义猜测
（1）Energy experts predict that limited resources on the earth are running out，which arrests many people’s attention.
（2）（2023·1月浙江卷）This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out，yet they also point to a fundamental problem.
（3）（2023·1月浙江卷）Sitting on a branch， he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.
（4）Believe it or not， I’ll forgive you the debt.
（5）To my upset， he was talking a lot of garbage about education.
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.As the day drew to a close， I still could not swim very well.But I didn’t feel defeated or （discourage）.
2.She is a （rely） friend who always keeps her promises.
3.The child looked （innocence） with his big eyes and curious expression.
4.She was （shame）to admit that she had failed the test.
5.Don’t forget your （appoint） or you might miss important opportunities.
6.The young fellow was filled with （guilt） after betraying his best friend.
7.He likes to play a trick on me on the weekend and always begs me to forgive him his actions.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1.They are going to （拆除那座旧建筑） and build a public stadium.
2.Everyone should （对……做贡献） the development of society.
3.You never know （明天等待你的是什么）.
4.You should （表达你的想法） clearly during the speech.
5.It’s important （在最后期限前完成你的学业）.
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
说理性短文——如何面对逆境
第一步 练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.诚实、正直、谦虚和毅力都是好的品质。但对我而言，我更看重的是毅力。（integrity）
2.以汉代最有影响力的探险家之一张骞为例，面对困境他表现出了非凡的毅力。（定语从句）
3.张骞两次接受任命被派往西域。（appoint）
4.他曾被外族逮捕并关押了十多年，但他从未放弃远征的目的。（arrest；并列句）
5.尽管旅途艰苦，但他没有感到灰心。（discouraged）
6.最后他出使西域的付出是值得的，这极大地促进了丝绸之路沿线的东西方商业和文化的交流。（worthwhile；非限制性定语从句）
7.他的故事教会了我：坚持自己的目标，你迟早会成功。（祈使句＋and＋陈述句）
第二步 组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写：keen；burden；guilty；ashamed；disappointed；discouraged；rejoice；mercy→merciful
动作描写：forgive （forgave，forgiven）；cheat；bow；embrace
美句 ①In the doorway of a store stood a man， with an unlit cigar in his mouth. （场景描写） ②About twenty minutes later， a tall man in a long overcoat， with collar turned up to his ears，hurried toward him. （人物描写）
修辞手法之“比喻”
明喻 like像 The smile on the boy’s face shone like a diamond.男孩脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
as ...as 和……一样 She walked as slowly as a snail. 她走得像蜗牛一样慢。
as if 好像 My father’s hair has turned gray，as if （it were） covered with snow and frost. 我父亲的头发变白了，简直像盖了一层皑皑的霜雪。
暗喻 名词型 Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。
动词型 Her husband died and she was drowning in a sea of grief. 她的丈夫去世了，她沉浸在悲伤的海洋中。
情境导语 在和父母发生了激烈的争吵之后，汤姆愤怒地离开了家……
第一步 完成句子
1.汤姆像鸭子一样左摇右摆，漫无目的地走在大街上。
Tom swayed left and right .（明喻）
2.一抬头，他看到了一个鸟巢。
，he caught sight of a bird nest.（状语从句的省略）
3.他看到鸟妈妈在喂它的孩子，这让他想起了他母亲对他的爱。
He saw a mother bird feeding her child， .（非限制性定语从句）
4.“生活就是一条未被探索的河流，有各种曲折。一切都会好起来的。”他自言自语地说。
“Life is ，full of twists and turns. ，” he said to himself.（暗喻；心理活动）
5.最后，他高兴起来，决定对父母说声“对不起”。
At last he cheered up， .（过去分词作状语）
第二步 连句成文
（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The elderly residents （居民） in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity （慈善组织） to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia， a serious illness of the mind.Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.She said： “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.”
“I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus.People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them.I’m enjoying the creative activities， and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East， and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson， extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street， one of the first to embark on the project， said： “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis， director of Notting Hill Pathways， said： “We are happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
28.What is the purpose of the project？（ ）
A.To ensure harmony in care homes.
B.To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C.To raise money for medical research.
D.To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
29.How has the project affected Ruth Xavier？（ ）
A.She has learned new life skills.
B.She has gained a sense of achievement.
C.She has recovered her memory.
D.She has developed a strong personality.
30.What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7？（ ）
A.Improve. B.Oppose.
C.Begin. D.Evaluate.
31.What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs？（ ）
A.It is well received.
B.It needs to be more creative.
C.It is highly profitable.
D.It takes ages to see the results.
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1.project n. 项目，计划；（学生研究的）课题；专题研究
2.charity n. 慈善组织；慈善机构
3.suffer v. （因疾病、痛苦等）受苦；经受
4.focus n. 焦点；中心点；（地震的）震源
5.financial adj. 财政的；经济上的
6.support n. 支持；拥护；鼓励；帮助
7.creative adj. 创造（性）的；有创造力的
8.session n. 一段时间；一场；（议会等的）会议
9.benefit n. 好处；益处
10.dementia n. 痴呆 （课标外词汇）
（二）由文本积主题词块
1.dream up 虚构出；凭空想出
2.a local charity 一家当地的慈善组织
3.roll out 正式推出（新产品），开展
4.look forward to ... 期待……
5.bring benefits to people 给人们带来益处
6.take part in 参加
（三）由文本知变式运用
1.学习构词（派生词）
（1）loneliness n.孤独[lonely （adj.）变y为i＋后缀-ness]
（2）illness n. 疾病；（身体或精神上的）病[ill （adj.）＋后缀-ness]
（3）reduction n.减少；降低[reduce（v.）去e＋后缀-tion]
（4）profitable adj.可盈利的；有好处的[profit （n.）＋后缀-able]
2.近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）take care of ＝ （第一段）
（2）concentration＝ （第五段）
（3）beneficial＝ （第五段）
3.熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）keep [熟义] v.保持；保留；保管
→[生义] v. （第三段第二句）
（2）welfare [熟义] n.福利
→[生义] n. （第28题D项）
（四）由文本学靓丽表达
1. （在那些参加项目的人当中有） 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.（完全倒装）
2.I’m enjoying the creative activities， and （做一些有用的事感觉很棒）.（it作形式主语）
3. （我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣）.（语言描写）
（五）由文本探析长难句
Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
分析：本句是 句。Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine 是主句， where hens are in use 是 从句。
译文：
UNIT 1 Honesty and responsibility
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境
[微技能热身] 1.A 2.which 3.as soon as/the moment （minute/instant）/immediately （instantly/directly） we arrived at the destination
1.①disappointment ②disappointing
③What disappoints me； which made me disappointed
2.①to do ②to be reading ③to have known
④Pretending to be someone you aren’t
3.①is well worthy of being read/to be read； It is well worthwhile reading/to read ②is certainly worthwhile
4.①from ②to ③When faced with the difficult situation， she resigned herself to waiting patiently.
5.①and I will tell you what you are ②or it’ll make you feel sick ③A bit more effort
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）C （2）B （3）A
2.（1）v.吸引，引起注意 （2）n.错误
（3）v.（使朝某方向）谨慎移动 （4）v.免除 （5）n.废话
维度二
Ⅰ.1.discouraged 2.reliable 3.innocent 4.ashamed
5.appointments 6.guilty 7.for
Ⅱ.1.tear down the old building 2.make contributions to
3.what’s in store for you tomorrow 4.present your thoughts
5.to meet deadlines for your schoolwork
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.Honesty， integrity， humility， and perseverance are all good qualities.But for me， what I value more is perseverance.
2.Take Zhang Qian， one of the most influential explorers during the Han Dynasty， as an example， who showed remarkable perseverance in the face of adversity.
3.Zhang Qian was appointed twice and assigned to the Western Regions.
4.He was arrested and imprisoned by foreigners for more than ten years， but he never abandoned the motive for his expedition.
5.Despite the difficult journey， he did not feel discouraged.
6.In the end， his dedication to the Western Regions was worthwhile， which greatly promoted the commercial and cultural exchanges between the East and the West along the Silk Road.
7.His story taught me that stick to your goals， and you will succeed in time.
第二步
Honesty， integrity， humility， and perseverance are all good qualities.But for me， what I value more is perseverance.Take Zhang Qian， one of the most influential explorers during the Han Dynasty， as an example， who showed remarkable perseverance in the face of adversity.Zhang Qian was appointed twice and assigned to the Western Regions.Unfortunately， he was arrested and imprisoned by foreigners for more than ten years， but he never abandoned the motive for his expedition.
Despite the difficult journey， he did not feel discouraged.In the end， his dedication to the Western Regions was worthwhile， which greatly promoted the commercial and cultural exchanges between the East and the West along the Silk Road.His story taught me that stick to your goals， and you will succeed in time.
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.like a duck， aimlessly walking on the street
2.When looking up
3.which reminded him of his mother’s love for him
4.an unexplored river； Everything will turn out right
5.determined to say “sorry” to his parents
第二步
Tom swayed left and right like a duck， aimlessly walking on the street.When looking up，he caught sight of a bird nest.He saw a mother bird feeding her child， which reminded him of his mother’s love for him.“Life is an unexplored river，full of twists and turns.Everything will turn out right，” he said to himself.At last he cheered up， determined to say “sorry” to his parents.
【素养·培育落实】
一、做真题
28.D 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，该项目由当地一家慈善机构构想，旨在减少老人的孤独感，改善其健康状况。
29.B 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，Ruth Xavier很享受这些有创意的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好。由此可知，Ruth Xavier从这个项目中获得了成就感。
30.C 词义猜测题。根据第七段中Wendy Wilson说的话（居民们非常欢迎这个项目和创意会议的想法。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣）并结合画线部分可推知，画线部分所在句的意思是“第一批开始这个项目的组织之一”，因此画线部分的意思为“开始”。
31.A 推理判断题。最后两段讲述了一些组织参与到这个项目的感受。根据Wendy Wilson和Lynn Lewis两位负责人说的话可知，这个项目得到了好评。
三、再利用
（三）2.（1）look after （2）focus （3）useful
3.（1）养；饲养 （2）幸福，安康
（四）1.Among those taking part in the project is
2.it feels great to have done something useful
3.We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here
（五）主从复合 定语
护理院的工作人员已报告说，在使用母鸡的地方，药物的使用减少了。
9 / 9(共130张PPT)
UNIT 1 Honesty and responsibility
高中总复习·英语 (译林版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
04
素养
培育落实
05
技能
锤炼提升
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. cigar n.雪茄烟
2. keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于
3. eyebrow n.眉毛
4. scarfpin n.围巾夹，领带别针
5. collar n.衣领；颈圈；圈，箍
6. geophysicist n.地球物理学家
7. core adj.核心的；最重要的
n.核心，最重要的部分
8. ward n.病房
9. embrace vt.& vi.欣然接受；包含；拥抱
10. phase n.阶段，时期
11. anchor n.锚；给以安全感的人（或物）
vi.& vt.抛锚；使固定
12. likewise adv.同样地；也，而且
13. organic adj.有机的，统一的；绿色的，不使用化肥的；生物的
14. starfish n.海星，星鱼
15. jade n.玉，碧玉
16. rejoice vi.& vt.非常高兴，深感欣喜
17. quote n.引语vt.& vi.引用，引述；举例说明
教材例句
18. （人教选必一）They may look beautiful on the outside， but inside
there is usually more water than essential minerals， and they often have
less flavour as well. n.矿物，矿物质
19. （外研选必一）I can only “see” through my fingertips the outline
of a face. n.概述；轮廓线，略图
20. （外研选必二）Then， in 2006， the rabbits’ digging caused some
land to collapse， and killed a substantial number of penguins. adj.大量
的，价值巨大的
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. barely ten o’clock at night刚好晚上十点
2. wear a diamond ring/necklace戴着钻石戒指/项链
3. with collar turned up to ears衣领竖翻到耳朵边
4. feel blessed感到幸福
5. at least two or three inches至少两三英寸
6. on the unsuspecting毫无防备
7. the telephone wires 电话线
8. relieve the burden of the family减轻家庭的负担
9. resign from the group从集团辞职
10. a superb teacher一位优秀老师
11. use avatars to cheat others online网上使用虚拟形象欺骗他人
12. tear off the wrapping paper撕下包装纸
13. bow gracefully to the audience优雅地向观众鞠躬
14. attend a birthday party for my nephew参加我侄子的生日聚会
15. after a brief pause短暂的停顿之后
16. sew the dresses on the sewing machine用缝纫机缝制裙子
17. pretend to be someone else把自己包装成别人
18. find fault with my work挑剔我的工作
19. traditional virtue传统美德
20. pick up garbage清理垃圾
21. open a savings account 开一个储蓄账户
22. receive large bonuses获得一大笔奖金
23. reap what you sow种瓜得瓜
24. during the harvest在收获季节
25. stick to your principles恪守自己的原则
写作词汇运用
语境记忆
26. arrest n.& vt.逮捕，拘捕；吸引（attract）；阻止或抑制
①arrest his attention引起他的注意
②under arrest because of theft因盗窃被捕
27. forgive vt.& vi.（forgave，forgiven）原谅，宽恕；免除（债务）
①forgive me for interrupting 原谅我打岔
②agree to forgive a large part of the debt 同意免除一大部分债务
28. innocent adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n.
无辜者，单纯的人
Singing happily， she gazed at her surroundings with large， innocent
eyes.（神态描写）
她快乐地唱歌，用天真无邪的大眼睛凝视着周围的环境。
29. integrity n.诚实正直；完整，完好
It was Gunter’s kindness and my integrity that had turned a potentially
disastrous evening into a story I would cherish for years to come.是冈特
的善良和我的诚实正直将一个可能变得灾难性的夜晚转变成了一个我
将在未来多年里珍视难忘的故事。
30. wrinkle n.皱纹；褶皱，皱痕 vt.& vi.（使脸上）起皱
纹，皱起
Her hands， covered with wrinkles， had witnessed countless sunrises
and sunsets throughout her life.她那双布满皱纹的手见证了她一生中无
数的日出日落。
派生词汇识记
1. appointment n.约定，约会；任命，委任；职务→appoint vt.约定，
指定，确定
2. reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的→rely vi.
依靠，依赖
3. criminal n.罪犯 adj.犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的→crime
n.罪行，犯罪行为
4. legal adj.合法的；法律的→illegal adj.非法的；违法的→illegally
adv.违法地
5. socialist adj.社会主义的 n.社会主义者→socialism n.社会主义
→social adj.社会的
6. photographer n.摄影师，拍照者→photograph n.照片 vt.拍照
→photography n.照相术；摄影
7. guilty adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的→guilt n.
内疚；犯罪；有罪
8. ashamed adj.惭愧，羞愧，尴尬→shame n.羞耻，惭愧；遗憾的事
→shameful adj.不体面的
9. disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的→disappoint vt.使失望
→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n.失望
10. mercy n.仁慈，宽恕→merciful adj.仁慈的
11. guide vt.指导；指引n.导游；向导→guidance n.指导；导航
12. discouraged adj.灰心的→discourage vt.使灰心；劝阻→courage n.
勇气→encourage vt.鼓励→encouragement n.鼓励
13. worth adj.有……价值；值……钱→worthless adj.没有价值的；没
有用的→worthwhile adj.值得花时间（或花钱、努力等），重要的，
令人愉快的→worthy adj.值得……的；有价值的
1.后缀-ance名词集锦
①guide→guidance 指引；指导
②appear→appearance 出现；外貌
③perform→performance 表演；节目
④enter→entrance 进入
⑤assist→assistance 帮助，援助
⑥accept→acceptance 接受
⑦resist→resistance 抵制
2.courage家族团聚 ①courage n.勇气 ②encourage vt.鼓励 ③encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的 ④encouragement n.鼓励 ⑤discourage vt.使泄气 ⑥discouraged adj.灰心的，泄气的 ⑦discouragement n.泄气，灰心 3.“看”之家族小结
①stare at 凝视，盯着看
②glare at 怒目而视
③glance at 瞥一眼
④gaze at 凝视，盯住
⑤peep/peek at 偷看
⑥catch sight of 看见
⑦catch a glimpse of 瞥一眼
1. make one’s fortune 发财
2. lose contact 失去联系
3. arm in arm 臂挽着臂
4. under arrest 被逮捕
5. at the mercy of sb/sth 任……处置，对……无能为力
6. weigh on sb/sth 使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担
7. make a difference 有影响，起作用
8. go through 经历；仔细检查；通过
9. tear down 拆毁，拆除
10. turn up 露面，到达
11. pull out 退出；撤出；驶离路边
12. take charge of 负责；控制，掌管
13. make contributions to 对……做贡献
14. set aside 搁置；留出
15. in store 贮藏着；等待着；将要发生
16. stare at 盯着
17. on the beat 在巡逻中
18. to one’s disappointment 令某人感到失望的是
19. keep an appointment with 和……约会
20. be at the appointed place on time 按时到了约定地点
21. present one’s thoughts 表达某人的想法
22. meet deadlines for your schoolwork 在最后期限前完成你的作业
1. 句式：介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装
原句：In the doorway of a store stood a man， with an unlit cigar in his
mouth.
一个男人站在一家店门口，嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。
2. 句式：where引导定语从句
原句：As you go through your daily life， you will encounter many
difficult situations where things may go wrong.
在你的日常生活中，你会遇到很多事情出现各种问题的困难状况。
3. 句式：“疑问词＋-ever”引导宾语从句； however引导让步状
语从句
原句：Always give your best in whatever you set out to do， however
difficult that might be.
总是尽你最大努力去做自己打算要做的事情，无论它有多困难。
4. 句式：祈使句＋and＋陈述句
原句：Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great
tomorrow.
今天播下成功的种子，明天你将会拥有丰厚的收获。
I’m sorry to hear that you have suspect about yourself and feel
depressed now.What’s a white lie？ For instance， when someone
cooks a meal that we dislike， we cheat to say that the food is
delicious.That is a white lie.
One reason for telling a white lie is to make others feel better and
another one is to prevent others feeling disappointed.If your friend asks
you what you think of his singing， perhaps he wants some comments
from you so that he can improve gradually.But you may give him some
encouragement and build up his confidence by telling a white
lie.Besides， we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect
reliable people from bad news likewise.Therefore， we may find white
lies are good virtues.So why not smile at a white lie？
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.cigar n.雪茄烟
□2.keen adj.灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于
□3.eyebrow n.眉毛
□4.scarfpin n.围巾夹，领带别针
□5.collar n.衣领；颈圈；圈，箍
□6.geophysicist n.地球物理学家
□7.core adj.核心的；最重要的
n.核心，最重要的部分
□8.ward n.病房
□9.substantial adj.大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的
□10.embrace vt.& vi.欣然接受；包含；拥抱
□11.phase n.阶段，时期
□12.anchor n.锚；给以安全感的人（或物）
vi.& vt.抛锚；使固定
□13.likewise adv.同样地；也，而且
□14.organic adj.有机的，统一的；绿色的，不使用化肥的；生物的
□15.starfish n.海星，星鱼
□16.jade n.玉，碧玉
□17.rejoice vi.& vt.非常高兴，深感欣喜
□18.quote n.引语vt.& vi.引用，引述；举例说明
□19.outline vt.概述，略述 n.概述；轮廓线，略图
核心单词练通
1. adv.刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才
2. n.下巴；颌
3. n.钻石
4. adj.无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的
n.无辜者，单纯的人
5. n.& vt.逮捕，拘捕
6. vt.包，裹；用……缠绕 n.披肩，围巾；包裹材料
7. adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的
8. n.（义务、责任等的）重担，负担
barely
jaw
diamond
innocent
arrest
wrap
decent
burden
9. n.矿物，矿物质
10. adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的
11. n.包裹，小包；一块地 vt.裹好，打包
12. n.侄子，外甥
13. vi.停顿，暂停 n.停顿，停顿的时间
14. vi.& vt.（sewed，sewn）缝，做针线活；缝上
15. n.荣幸；特殊利益 vt.给予特权，特别优待
16. n.最后期限，截止日期
17. n.诚实正直；完整，完好
18. n.垃圾；废话
mineral
superb
parcel
nephew
pause
sew
privilege
deadline
integrity
garbage
19. n.节省物，节省；储蓄金
20. n.意外收获；奖金，红利
21. vt.（表示惊奇）；祝福
22. vt.& vi.疑有，觉得 n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象
saving
bonus
bless
suspect
单词拼写
1. （2024·新课标Ⅱ卷）This informative walk led by Richard Smyth
introduces you to the basic （法则） of photography in the
wild.
2. （人教选必四）If we do not protect it， future generations will
not （原谅） us.
3. （外研选必三）People who （假装） to be someone
they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
principles
forgive
pretend
4. （北师大必修二）The use of several avatars can also be a risk， as
people can use avatars to （欺骗） others online.
5. It’s a custom in China that all the family members get together to have
a big feast to celebrate the （收获） of the year.
6. After he （辞职） from the post， he was dedicated to
helping the disabled.
7. The （皱纹） on the premier’s face suggest that he is
no longer young.
8. “Yeah！” David smiled weakly， （低） his head.
cheat
harvest
resigned
wrinkles
bowing
拓展单词用活
记全记牢
1. n.罪犯 adj.犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的
→ n.罪行，犯罪行为
2. adj.合法的；法律的→ adj.非法的；违法的
→ adv.违法地
3. adj.社会主义的 n.社会主义者→ n.社会
主义→ adj.社会的
criminal
crime
legal
illegal
illegally
socialist
socialism
social
4. n.摄影师，拍照者→ n.照片 vt.拍
照→ n.照相术；摄影
5. adj.感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的
→ n.内疚；犯罪；有罪
6. n.仁慈，宽恕→ adj.仁慈的
7. n.指导；导航；引导→ vt.指导；指引 n.导
游；向导
photographer
photograph
photography
guilty
guilt
mercy
merciful
guidance
guide
用准用活
1. He was as headmaster and wanted to tell his good friend
the good news at the time， but he missed
their somehow.（appoint）
2. It is to travel to Beijing，because many places of
interest are well visiting.The Great Wall is
particularly of being visited.（worth）
appointed
appointed
appointment
worthwhile
worth
worthy
3. She was deeply of her son’s behaviour at the dinner
table， but her husband thought it wasn’t a action.
（shame）
4. Judging from his look， his boss was not satisfied
with his performance.So to his ，
he didn’t get promoted.（disappoint）
5. From his look，I judged he wasn’t hired，which
was really .But I still him to go to other
companies to try his fortune.（courage）
6. The boss is looking for a manager who is and hard-
working.He on the new working team to boost his company.
（rely）
ashamed
shameful
disappointed
disappointing
disappointment
discouraged
discouraging
encouraged
reliable
relies
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
第一组
1. 发财
2. 失去联系
3. 臂挽着臂
4. 被逮捕
5. 任……处置，对……无能为力
6. 使焦虑不安，加重……的思想
负担
7. 有影响，起作用
8. 经历；仔细检查；通过
make one’s fortune
lose contact
arm in arm
under arrest
at the mercy of sb/sth
weigh on sb/sth
make a difference
go through
第二组
1. 拆毁，拆除
2. 露面，到达
3. 退出；撤出；驶离路边
4. 负责；控制，掌管
5. 对……作贡献
6. 搁置；留出
7. 贮藏着；等待着；将要发生
8. 盯着看
tear down
turn up
pull out
take charge of
make contributions to
set aside
in store
stare at
选用上面短语填空
1. （人教必修三）Firstly， exploring space has already
in the fight against world hunger.
2. （外研选必三）People would me because I was “big”
and I hated the way I looked.
3. （人教选必二）They two wheat-growing
provinces， where they saw a bunch of farms that covered a very large
area.
made a
difference
stare at
went through
4. The old couple walked up the street， ， which was
one of her most favorite scenes of paintings.
5. A female street singer， Jenney White， joined him and together the
two the band.
6. A smile can open doors and walls among strangers.
7. Some doctors advise about an hour each day for
walking.
8. More than ten policemen at the spot where the accident
happened.
9. “You are ！” some policemen rushed in and shouted
at the man.
arm in arm
took charge of
tear down
setting aside
turned up
under arrest
（三）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：介词短语位于句
首引起的完全倒装 教材原句：In the doorway of
a store stood a man， with an
unlit cigar in his mouth. 1.我们隔壁住着一对外国夫妇，他们
看起来已经习惯了中国的生活。
， who seem to have settled
into life in China.
Next door to ours live a foreign
couple
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：There used to
be ... 教材原句：There used to be a
restaurant where this store
stands — “Big Joe”
Brady’s restaurant. 2.以前在他们房子的后面有一个美丽
的大花园。
a beautiful big
garden at the back of their house.
There used to be
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：祈使句＋and＋
陈述句 教材原句：Sow the seeds of
success today and your
harvest will be great
tomorrow. 3.（2024·新课标Ⅰ卷）参加这节独
特的艺术课，你会发现它充满魅力，
并且生活中处处是美。
you’ll find that art class is charming
and life is full of beauty.
Attend this unique class， and
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
To expand our knowledge， our head teacher took us to visit
a scientific exhibition.But on our way to the museum， some
unhappy things made us disappointed.First， we were held up in the traffic jam on the freeway for 3 hours.Later， one tyre of our bus burst， made us more discouraged.Seeing our teacher’s worried expression， every one of us pretended to be happy.However， on arriving at the destination， all of us became really excited again.The smile on our faces made it all worthwhile.So we all understood and forgave our teacher’s decision.We all expect our head teacher not to resign until he sends us into universities.Work hard and all of us will surely achieve our dreams.
微技能热身
1. ①处burst在句中的意思是 。
A. 爆炸，爆裂 B. 冲，闯进 C. 突然发生
2. ②处应填 。
3. 把③处所在的句子改为状语从句：
A
which
as soon as/the moment （minute/instant）/immediately （instantly/
directly） we arrived at the destination
disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的
【练通】 单句语法填空
①When Mary heard the bad news， a look of
（disappoint） flashed across her face.
②The （disappoint） news that he failed in the exam
made him in low spirits.
disappointment
disappointing
【写美】 句式升级
③To my disappointment， only 18% of the students choose to learn
through reading books.
→ is that only 18% of the students choose to
learn through reading books.（disappoint v.）
→Only 18% of the students choose to learn through reading
books， .（disappointed adj.）
What disappoints me
which made me disappointed
【归纳】
（1）be disappointed at/with/about sth对某事感到失望
be disappointed in sb 对某人感到失望
be disappointed to do sth 因做某事而失望
（2）disappointment n. 失望
（much） to one’s disappointment＝to one’s （great）
disappointment 使某人（非常）失望的是
（3）disappointing adj. 令人失望的/沮丧的
【佳句】 At that time， depressed and disappointed， I didn’t know
how to change the terrible situation.（情绪描写）
在那时，我既沮丧又失望，不知道如何改变这种糟糕的情况。
【点津】 disappointed用于说明人的感受，disappointing用于说明事物
给人的感受。
pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
【练通】 单句语法填空
①Magic is based on pretending （do） things that are
impossible.
②To ease my embarrassment，I pretended （read）
when my mother entered.
③When I am faced with difficulties in learning， I won’t pretend
（know） it.
to do
to be reading
to
have known
【写美】 完成句子
④ can lead your relationships
to be built on lies.
伪装成别人会让你的人际关系建立在谎言之上。
Pretending to be someone you aren’t
【归纳】
pretend
【佳句】 When he got home，he buried his head under the quilt，
pretending to be asleep.
回到家中，他蒙上头，假装睡着了。
【点津】 happen、appear、seem、claim与pretend用法类似（后接to
do/to be doing/to have done）。
worthwhile adj.值得花时间（或花钱、努力等），重要的，令人愉
快的
【练通】 句型转换
①The book written by him is well worth reading.
→The book written by him .
（worthy）
→ the book written by him.
（worthwhile）
is well worthy of being read/to be read
It is well worthwhile reading/to read
【写美】 完成句子
②（人教选必二）I think this life-changing experience
，and I hope my child will study abroad in the future.
我认为这改变一生的经历当然是值得的，我希望我的孩子将来去国外
留学。
is certainly
worthwhile
【归纳】
（1）It’s worthwhile doing/to do sth 值得做某事
（2）be worthy
（3）be worth
【佳句】 This article is well worth reading， but it is not worthy of
being translated/to be translated.
这篇文章很值得阅读，但不值得翻译。
【点津】 worth一般只作表语；而worthy和worthwhile既可作表语也可
作定语。
resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去；使自己顺从于（做某事）；安于
【练通】 单句语法填空
①To her angry， her young daughter resigned her job at the
company.
②Ms Smith resigned her children the care of her parents when she
went on a business trip.
from
to
【写美】 翻译句子
③面对困境时，她只好耐心等待。
When faced with the difficult situation， she resigned herself to waiting
patiently.
【归纳】
（1）resign from ... 从……辞职
resign ...to ... 把……托付给……
resign as ... 辞去……的职务
resign oneself to （doing） sth 听任/顺从/只好（做）某事
（2）resignation n. 辞职；辞呈
【佳句】 My uncle resigned as chairman of the board last month.
我的叔叔上个月辞去了董事会主席的职务。
祈使句＋and＋陈述句
Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great
tomorrow.
今天播下成功的种子，明天你将会拥有丰厚的收获。
【写美】 完成句子
①Tell me what you eat， .
告诉我你平时吃什么，我就可以说出你是个什么样的人。
②Don’t drink too much while running，
.
跑步的时候不要喝太多水，否则会让你感觉不舒服。
③ ， and you will settle the problem.
再努力一点，你就会解决这个问题。
and I will tell you what you are
or it’ll make you feel
sick
A bit more effort
【归纳】
（1）“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关
系，其中祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句， and之后的句子相当
于主句。
（2）“祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if＋否定条件状语
从句＋主句”。
（3）“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式的功能，名词词组
中常含有more、another等词。
【佳句】 Work harder （＝If you work harder）， and you will
succeed in your studies.
如果你更努力学习，你就会在学业上取得成功。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. keen
A. adj.热衷的，渴望的 B. adj.喜爱的 C. adj.灵敏的，敏锐的
（1）She has a keen eye for detail， which makes her an excellent
editor.
（2）（2025·南京名校联考）The guide smiled and told me skiing is
one of her keen pleasures.
（3）（人教选必四）We are building a team of keen young people to
help us attend to hundreds of students from all over the world.
C
B
A
2. 词义猜测
（1）Energy experts predict that limited resources on the earth are running
out，which arrests many people’s attention.
（2）（2023·1月浙江卷）This can lead to the kinds of errors no human
would make.Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out，yet they also
point to a fundamental problem.
（3）（2023·1月浙江卷）Sitting on a branch， he inched towards it
and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive.
v.吸引，引起注意
n.错误
v.（使朝某
方向）谨慎移动
（4）Believe it or not， I’ll forgive you the debt.
（5）To my upset， he was talking a lot of garbage about education.
v.免除
n.废话
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1. As the day drew to a close， I still could not swim very well.But I
didn’t feel defeated or （discourage）.
2. She is a （rely） friend who always keeps her promises.
3. The child looked （innocence） with his big eyes and
curious expression.
4. She was （shame）to admit that she had failed the test.
discouraged
reliable
innocent
ashamed
5. Don’t forget your （appoint） or you might miss
important opportunities.
6. The young fellow was filled with （guilt）after betraying
his best friend.
7. He likes to play a trick on me on the weekend and always begs me to
forgive him his actions.
guilty
for
appointments
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. They are going to （拆除那座旧建
筑） and build a public stadium.
2. Everyone should （对……做贡献） the
development of society.
3. You never know （明天等待你
的是什么）.
4. You should （表达你的想法） clearly
during the speech.
5. It’s important （在最后
期限前完成你的学业）.
tear down the old building
make contributions to
what’s in store for you tomorrow
present your thoughts
to meet deadlines for your schoolwork
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
说理性短文——如何面对逆境
第一步 练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 诚实、正直、谦虚和毅力都是好的品质。但对我而言，我更看重的
是毅力。（integrity）
Honesty， integrity， humility， and perseverance are all good
qualities.But for me， what I value more is perseverance.
2. 以汉代最有影响力的探险家之一张骞为例，面对困境他表现出了非
凡的毅力。（定语从句）
3. 张骞两次接受任命被派往西域。（appoint）
Take Zhang Qian， one of the most influential explorers during the Han
Dynasty， as an example， who showed remarkable perseverance in the
face of adversity.
Zhang Qian was appointed twice and assigned to the Western Regions.
4. 他曾被外族逮捕并关押了十多年，但他从未放弃远征的目的。
（arrest；并列句）
5. 尽管旅途艰苦，但他没有感到灰心。（discouraged）
He was arrested and imprisoned by foreigners for more than ten years，
but he never abandoned the motive for his expedition.
Despite the difficult journey， he did not feel discouraged.
6. 最后他出使西域的付出是值得的，这极大地促进了丝绸之路沿线的
东西方商业和文化的交流。（worthwhile；非限制性定语从句）
7. 他的故事教会了我：坚持自己的目标，你迟早会成功。（祈使句＋
and＋陈述句）
In the end， his dedication to the Western Regions was worthwhile，
which greatly promoted the commercial and cultural exchanges between
the East and the West along the Silk Road.
His story taught me that stick to your goals， and you will succeed in
time.
第二步 组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
Honesty， integrity， humility， and perseverance are all good
qualities.But for me， what I value more is perseverance.Take Zhang
Qian， one of the most influential explorers during the Han Dynasty， as
an example， who showed remarkable perseverance in the face of
adversity.Zhang Qian was appointed twice and assigned to the Western
Regions.Unfortunately， he was arrested and imprisoned by foreigners for
more than ten years， but he never abandoned the motive for his
expedition.
Despite the difficult journey， he did not feel discouraged.In the
end， his dedication to the Western Regions was worthwhile， which
greatly promoted the commercial and cultural exchanges between the East
and the West along the Silk Road.His story taught me that stick to your
goals， and you will succeed in time.
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮 词 情感描写：keen；burden；guilty；ashamed；disappointed；
discouraged；rejoice；mercy→merciful
动作描写：forgive （forgave，forgiven）；cheat；bow；embrace
美 句 ①In the doorway of a store stood a man， with an unlit cigar in his
mouth.（场景描写）
②About twenty minutes later， a tall man in a long overcoat， with
collar turned up to his ears，hurried toward him.（人物描写）
修辞手法之“比喻”
明 喻 like像 The smile on the boy’s face shone like a diamond.
男孩脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
as ...as 和……一样 She walked as slowly as a snail.
她走得像蜗牛一样慢。
as if 好像 My father’s hair has turned gray，as if （it were） covered with snow and frost.
我父亲的头发变白了，简直像盖了一层皑皑的霜雪。
亮 词 情感描写：keen；burden；guilty；ashamed；disappointed；
discouraged；rejoice；mercy→merciful
动作描写：forgive （forgave，forgiven）；cheat；bow；embrace
美 句 ①In the doorway of a store stood a man， with an unlit cigar in his mouth.（场景描写）
②About twenty minutes later， a tall man in a long overcoat， with collar turned up to his ears，hurried toward him.
（人物描写）
情境导语 在和父母发生了激烈的争吵之后，汤姆愤怒地离开了
家……
第一步 完成句子
1. 汤姆像鸭子一样左摇右摆，漫无目的地走在大街上。
Tom swayed left and right
.（明喻）
like a duck， aimlessly walking on the
street
2. 一抬头，他看到了一个鸟巢。
，he caught sight of a bird nest.（状语从句
的省略）
3. 他看到鸟妈妈在喂它的孩子，这让他想起了他母亲对他的爱。
He saw a mother bird feeding her child，
.（非限制性定语从句）
4. “生活就是一条未被探索的河流，有各种曲折。一切都会好起来
的。”他自言自语地说。
“Life is ，full of twists and turns.
，” he said to himself.（暗喻；心理活动）
When looking up
which reminded him of his
mother’s love for him
an unexplored river
Everything
will turn out right
5. 最后，他高兴起来，决定对父母说声“对不起”。
At last he cheered up， .
（过去分词作状语）
determined to say “sorry” to his parents
第二步 连句成文
Tom swayed left and right like a duck， aimlessly walking on the
street.When looking up，he caught sight of a bird nest.He saw a mother
bird feeding her child， which reminded him of his mother’s love for
him.“Life is an unexplored river，full of twists and turns.Everything
will turn out right，” he said to himself.At last he cheered up，
determined to say “sorry” to his parents.
4
素养·培育落实
真题剖析，深度探究
（2022·新高考Ⅰ卷）The elderly residents （居民） in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity （慈善组织） to
reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing.It is also being
used to help patients suffering dementia， a serious illness of the
mind.Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine
where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth
Xavier.She said： “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to
prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school.”
“I like the project a lot.I am down there in my wheelchair in the
morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve
gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus.People have been bringing
their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch
them.I’m enjoying the creative activities， and it feels great to have
done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes
in the North East， and the charity has been given financial support to roll
it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson， extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street， one of the
first to embark on the project， said： “Residents really welcome the
idea of the project and the creative sessions.We are looking forward to the
benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis， director of Notting Hill Pathways， said： “We are
happy to be taking part in the project.It will really help connect our
residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
28. What is the purpose of the project？（ ）
A. To ensure harmony in care homes.
B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C. To raise money for medical research.
D. To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，该项目由当地一家慈
善机构构想，旨在减少老人的孤独感，改善其健康状况。
√
29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier？（ ）
A. She has learned new life skills.
B. She has gained a sense of achievement.
C. She has recovered her memory.
D. She has developed a strong personality.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，Ruth Xavier很享
受这些有创意的活动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好。由此可知，
Ruth Xavier从这个项目中获得了成就感。
√
30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7？
（ ）
A. Improve. B. Oppose.
C. Begin. D. Evaluate.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第七段中Wendy Wilson说的话（居民们
非常欢迎这个项目和创意会议的想法。我们期待这个项目能给这里的
人们带来好处和乐趣）并结合画线部分可推知，画线部分所在句的意
思是“第一批开始这个项目的组织之一”，因此画线部分的意思为
“开始”。
√
31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs？
（ ）
A. It is well received.
B. It needs to be more creative.
C. It is highly profitable.
D. It takes ages to see the results.
解析： 推理判断题。最后两段讲述了一些组织参与到这个项目的
感受。根据Wendy Wilson和Lynn Lewis两位负责人说的话可知，这个
项目得到了好评。
√
（一）由文本积阅读词汇
1. project n. 项目，计划；（学生研究的）课题；专题研究
2. charity n. 慈善组织；慈善机构
3. suffer v. （因疾病、痛苦等）受苦；经受
4. focus n. 焦点；中心点；（地震的）震源
5. financial adj. 财政的；经济上的
6. support n. 支持；拥护；鼓励；帮助
7. creative adj. 创造（性）的；有创造力的
8. session n. 一段时间；一场；（议会等的）会议
9. benefit n. 好处；益处
10. dementia n. 痴呆 （课标外词汇）
（二）由文本积主题词块
1. dream up 虚构出；凭空想出
2. a local charity 一家当地的慈善组织
3. roll out 正式推出（新产品），开展
4. look forward to ... 期待……
5. bring benefits to people 给人们带来益处
6. take part in 参加
（三）由文本知变式运用
1. 学习构词（派生词）
（1）loneliness n.孤独[lonely （adj.）变y为i＋后缀-ness]
（2）illness n. 疾病；（身体或精神上的）病[ill （adj.）＋后缀-
ness]
（3）reduction n.减少；降低[reduce（v.）去e＋后缀-tion]
（4）profitable adj.可盈利的；有好处的[profit （n.）＋后缀-able]
2. 近义替换（用文中词汇替换）
（1）take care of ＝ （第一段）
（2）concentration＝ （第五段）
（3）beneficial＝ （第五段）
3. 熟词生义（文中生义）
（1）keep [熟义] v.保持；保留；保管
→[生义] v. （第三段第二句）
（2）welfare [熟义] n.福利
→[生义] n. （第28题D项）
look after
focus
useful
养；饲养
幸福，安康
（四）由文本学靓丽表达
1. （在那些参加项目的人
当中有） 80-year-old Ruth Xavier.（完全倒装）
2. I’m enjoying the creative activities， and
（做一些有用的事感觉很棒）.（it作形式主语）
3.
（我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐
趣）.（语言描写）
Among those taking part in the project is
it feels great to have done
something useful
We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring
to people here
（五）由文本探析长难句
Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine
where hens are in use.
分析：本句是 句。Staff in care homes have reported a
reduction in the use of medicine 是主句， where hens are in use 是
从句。
译文：
主从复合
定
语
护理院的工作人员已报告说，在使用母鸡的地方，药物的使
用减少了。
5
技能·锤炼提升
统筹组合，全面训练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Retirees are always working on a 1，000-piece puzzle or two at
Utah’s Springville Senior Center.The tradition goes back more than six
decades， when the community gathering spot for seniors opened in 1962.
About a year and a half ago， a dozen regulars stepped things up and
completed a 5，000-piece Disney puzzle， which is when senior center
director Tori Eaton decided to buy the biggest puzzle — a 60，000-piece
puzzle called “What a Wonderful World”， and immediately she
ordered it.Over the next four months， about 50 seniors spent four hours a
day piecing together 60 different 1，000-piece puzzle sections featuring a
world map and 187 images of artwork.After the 60 puzzles were combined into one piece of art spread across 16 tables， the senior center put it on display for the public.
Numerous studies have shown that puzzle-building helps with mental
health， particularly in seniors， according to the National Institutes of
Health.Bending over a table for 300 hours helped to build a sense of
achievement and everyone felt enormous pride in finishing it， Eaton said.
“Another great thing was that we can get people out of their houses
to enjoy some fun companionship.Loneliness is a terrible thing for older
people.Getting together to work for a couple of hours on a puzzle can
make a huge difference.”
Ruth Nielsen is among those who stopped by the center to help put the
large puzzle together.“I really liked the feeling of commitment and there
was a feeling of community spirit in putting all those tiny pieces together
into something beautiful，” said Nielsen， 73.
After the last piece was eased into place， everyone took photos and
admired the puzzle for about three weeks， and then it was time for the
next project： taking it apart.Eaton said they decided to lend the puzzle to
another Utah senior center， so its members could enjoy the same feelings
of achievement and togetherness.“I didn’t want to have to glue it all
together and hang it up，” she said.“That would definitely be too much
of a project.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在犹他州的斯普林
维尔老年中心，退休人员总是在做一两个1000块的拼图。这一传统
帮助老人缓解孤独感。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在犹他州的斯普林
维尔老年中心，退休人员总是在做一两个1000块的拼图。这一传统
帮助老人缓解孤独感。
1. What motivated Eaton to buy the biggest puzzle？（ ）
A. The advice of center visitors.
B. The success of a huge puzzle.
C. The creation of a larger puzzle.
D. The increase of senior members.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中的About a year and a half ago，
a dozen regulars ...buy the biggest puzzle可知，一个巨大拼图的成功促
使伊顿购买最大的拼图。
√
2. What advantage does puzzle-building have according to Paragraph 3？
（ ）
A. It promotes independence.
B. It encourages competition.
C. It improves seniors’ memory.
D. It relieves seniors’ loneliness.
√
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Loneliness is a terrible thing
for older people.Getting together to work for a couple of hours on a puzzle
can make a huge difference.可知，拼图构建的优势是减轻老年人的孤
独感。
3. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Ruth Nielsen？（ ）
A. To present a problem.
B. To support a finding.
C. To introduce a method.
D. To make a comparison.
解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，作者提到露
丝·尼尔森的目的是支持一项发现。
√
4. What can we learn about the puzzle from the last paragraph？（ ）
A. It was well received.
B. It was urgently needed.
C. It cost an arm and a leg.
D. It required to be replaced.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的After the last piece was
eased into place， everyone took photos ...could enjoy the same feelings
of achievement and togetherness.可推知，拼图反响很好。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
（2025·苏州八校联考）Confidence plays a very important role in
people’s lives.It gives people light when they are in dark and
encouragement when they are discouraged.It is the first step on the road to
success.People who look confident seem to grab more rewarding
careers， maintain better relationships， and may make miracles in the
face of insurmountable （不可逾越的） difficulties.
So what is the secret of confidence？ In fact， there is no secret.Self-
confidence is a skill and habit that everyone can learn to develop.5.
（ ） You can try these simple tips for practicing and increasing our
confidence levels. First， dare to fail.Anybody who’s out there
genuinely striving is going to fail repeatedly.6.（ ） Only when we
face up to our difficulties can we build up our confidence and give
ourselves a chance of success.
7. （ ） You don’t have to be beautiful to be confident.Make
the most of your own unique strengths and pay less attention to your
weaknesses so that you know you’re giving out your best image.
Third， listen to yourself； do not look down on yourself.You are
the only person who knows what is right for yourself.8.（ ）
Last， build a confidence vocabulary.Stop putting yourself down，
and quit constantly mentioning your tiny flaws.Learn to highlight your
positive qualities and the world will learn to see and appreciate them too.
Confidence is a plant that grows slowly.9.（ ） Only when we
have enough confidence in ourselves can we take the first step on the road
to success.
A. It is built， not inborn.
B. Second， dress your success.
C. If you are not failing， you are not trying.
D. Second， neglect your drawbacks completely.
E. Don’t put others’ opinions above your own inner voice.
F. It encourages us to go to great lengths to achieve our goals.
G. We should build confidence through constant and patient effort.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。自信永远是一个人最宝贵的品质，
但是自信并不是与生俱来的，它需要你克服困难来培养。
5. A 根据上文可知，自信是每个人都可以后天培养的技能和习惯。
A项（它是建立的，不是天生的）符合语境。
6. C 根据上下文可知，此处是增强自信的第一个建议：敢于失败。
C项（如果你没有失败，就没有尝试）符合语境。
7. B 根据下文可知，本段主要讲述了信心不一定要漂亮，要展示自
己最好的形象，忽视自己的劣势。B项（第二：装扮成功）符合语
境，B项中的Second与下段中的Third为顺承关系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。自信永远是一个人最宝贵的品质，
但是自信并不是与生俱来的，它需要你克服困难来培养。
8. E 根据上文可知，要倾听自己内心的声音，不要轻视自己。E项
（不要把别人的意见置于自己的心声之上）符合语境。
9. G 根据上文可知，自信要慢慢地建立起来。G项（我们应该通过
持续耐心的努力建立信心）符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
（2025·泰州一模）My mom enjoyed inviting people for
Thanksgiving.After my family moved far away from all our 10 ，
Mom started filling the house with 11 guests — whoever had nowhere
else to go for Thanksgiving.
I missed our big family gatherings before moving here， but Mom
had a（n） 12 heart.This year， when Mom showed me her guest
list， almost half the size of our small town’s 13 ， I was annoyed.
Our first guests arrived： three foreign exchange students.Mom’s
original plan was to 14 one.But she was told those unable to go home
sometimes 15 in tears， so here came three.The next guests 16
through the door， a single mom and her six kids.With more guests， the
volume and the temperature in the house instantly 17 .Luckily，
dinner was ready before the house or I 18 .However， seeing my
name card placed among the six kids， I murmured angrily， “How
would I get such an 19 seat？”
After dinner， Mom suggested sharing something we were thankful
for — another annual 20 at our house.“I’m so 21 to your
family for opening up home to us.” The single mom spoke with watery
eyes.Then one student expressed how much it 22 to be with a family
on Thanksgiving.
Suddenly something 23 me： the essence of generosity and
inclusion.Thanksgiving is about more than family — it’s about a
shared 24 full of kindness.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈一直致力于邀请陌生人
来家里过感恩节，作者一开始并不理解，最后终于意识到了感恩节
的内涵。
10. A. colleagues B. relatives
C. neighbours D. strangers
解析： 根据my family moved far away可知，作者一家搬离了所有
的亲戚。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的妈妈一直致力于邀请陌生人
来家里过感恩节，作者一开始并不理解，最后终于意识到了感恩节
的内涵。
√
11. A. close B. random
C. specific D. favorite
解析： 根据whoever had nowhere else to go for Thanksgiving可知，
只要是没有地方过感恩节的人，妈妈都会邀请到家里来，说明客人都
是随意邀请的。
12. A. generous B. energetic
C. curious D. powerful
解析： 根据上文可知，作者的母亲非常乐意邀请别人来过感恩
节，尤其是没有地方去过感恩节的人，说明她有一颗慷慨的心。
√
√
13. A. applicants B. beggars
C. population D. volunteers
解析： 根据语境可知，妈妈邀请人数很多，几乎是小镇人口的
一半。
14. A. shelter B. award C. repay D. host
解析： 妈妈喜欢邀请人们来过感恩节，本来计划招待一位学生，
结果来了三位。
√
√
15. A. set out B. took over
C. broke down D. showed up
解析： 根据in tears可知，那些无法回家的人有时会情绪崩溃而
痛哭。
16. A. burst B. dropped C. pulled D. fell
解析： 根据through the door可知，一位单身母亲和她的六个孩子
冲进了家门。
√
√
17. A. recovered B. declined
C. rose D. stretched
解析： 根据语境可知，客人的增多导致了房间里的音量和温度
升高。
18. A. exploded B. suffered
C. slid D. withdrew
解析： 对于这么多人的到来，作者并不开心，处在情绪爆发的
边缘。
√
√
19. A. impressive B. unlucky
C. unusual D. awesome
解析： 根据上文seeing my name card placed among the six kids， I
murmured angrily可知，作者认为自己的位置很糟糕。
20. A. contest B. opportunity
C. anticipation D. tradition
解析： 除了邀请陌生人来过感恩节，作者家的另一个传统是分享
一些感激的东西。
√
√
21. A. grateful B. sympathetic
C. familiar D. addicted
解析： 根据下文The single mom spoke with watery eyes.可知，带
孩子的女士感激作者一家邀请他们。
22. A. cost B. worked
C. remained D. meant
解析： 根据语境可知，一个学生表达了和作者一家一起过感恩节
对他来说意义重大。
√
√
23. A. inspired B. convinced
C. struck D. drilled
解析： 根据the essence of generosity and inclusion可知，陌生人的
话使作者意识到了慷慨和包容的意义。
24. A. welfare B. community
C. friendship D. future
解析： 根据上文Thanksgiving is about more than family及shared可
知，感恩节不仅仅是一个家庭的事，更重要的是要建立一个充满善意
的共享社区。
√
√
演示完毕 感谢观看 !
