(共190张PPT)
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
目录
CONTENTS
迁移应用—过阅读关
03.
发展提升—过表达关
04.
自主学习—过识记关
01.
课堂学案—过词汇关
02.
课下双测—过高考关
05.
1
自主学习—过识记关
|背|单|词|
一、阅读单词(明其义)
1．faint vi. 昏倒；晕厥
adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
2．entrust vt. 委托；交付
3．tuition n． (小组)教学；讲课
4．fee n． 专业服务费；报酬
5．scholarship n． 奖学金
6．colleague n． 同事；同僚
7．clinic n． 诊所；门诊部
8．faraway adj. 遥远的
9．decade n． 十年；十年期
10．staff n． 员工；全体职员
11．kindergarten n． 学前班；幼儿园
12．passive adj. 被动的；顺从的
13．insurance n． 保险；保险业
14．midnight n． 子夜；午夜
15．pole n． (行星的)极；地极
16．lap n． (坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈
17．lip n． 嘴唇
18．chairman n． 主席；主持人；董事长
19．café n． 咖啡馆；小餐馆
20．pregnant adj. 怀孕的；妊娠的
21．disguise vt. 装扮；假扮；掩盖
n． 伪装；化装用具
22．maple n． 枫树；槭树
23．cart n 手推车；运货马车
24．fable n． 寓言；寓言故事
25．court n． (网球等的)球场；法院；法庭
26．per prep. 每；每一
二、核心单词(书写准)
1．moral adj. 道德的；道义上的
n． 品行；道德；寓意
2．virtue n． 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
3．dilemma n． 进退两难的境地；困境
4．precious adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的
5．union n． 协会；联合会；工会
6．hire vt. 聘任；雇用；租用
n． 租借；租用
7．elsewhere adv. 在别处；去别处
8．publish vt. 发表(作品)；出版
9．principle n． 道德原则；法则；原则
10．whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语
n． 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
11．bite vt.& vi. 咬；叮；蜇
n． 咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
12．chain n． 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
13．spill vt.& vi. (使)洒出；(使)溢出
14．limp vi. 跛行；一瘸一拐地走
15．tear n． 眼泪；泪水
16．despair n． 绝望
vi. 绝望；感到无望
17．income n． 收入；收益
18．therefore adv. 因此；所以
三、变形单词(晓其变)
1．illustrate vt. (举例)说明；阐明；
给(书或文章)加插图
illustration n． 说明；插图
2．marry vt. 结婚；嫁；娶
marriage n. 结婚；婚姻
3．major adj. 主要的vi.主修n.主修课程
Majority n. 大部分；大多数
minority n. 少数民族；少数派
4．complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
complaint n. 抱怨
5．respond vt. 回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应
response n. 反应；回答；回复
6．physics n. 物理学
physical adj. 身体的；物质的
physician n. 医师；(尤指)内科医生
7．reject vt. 拒绝接受；不录用
rejection n. 拒绝接受；否决
8．appoint vt. 任命；委派
appointment n. 约会；任命
appointed adj. 约定的；指定的
9．elect vt. 选举；推选
election n. 选举；推选；当选
10．tend vt. 照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于
tendency n. 倾向；趋势
11．retirevi.& vt. 退休；退职；退出
retirement n. 退休
retired adj. 已退休的
12．save v. 节省；节约；救助
saving n. 节省物；节省；节约；
[pl.]储蓄金；存款
13．scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓
scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的
14．sharp adj. 急剧的；锋利的；明显的
sharpen v. 使锋利；改善；提高
15．energy n. 精力；活力；能量
energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的
16．replace vt. 接替；取代；更换
replacement n. 代替；更换
17．accident n. 事故；车祸；失事
accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的
18．operate vi. 工作；运转；动手术vt.操作
operation n. 手术；企业；经营
operator n. 操作员
19．import n. 进口；进口商品vt.进口；
输入；引进
export n. 出口；出口商品vt.出口；
输出；传播
20．assist vt. 帮助；援助
assistance n. 帮助；协助
assistant n. 助手；助理；售货员
21．memory n. 记忆力；回忆
memorize v. 记住；熟记
memorable adj. 难忘的
22．harm n.& vt. 伤害；损害
harmful adj. 有害的
harmless adj. 无害的
23．might n. 力量；威力
mighty adj. 强大的；巨大的
24．flexible adj. 灵活的；可变通的
flexibility n. 灵活
inflexible adj. 不灵活的；顽固的
25．tense adj. 紧张的
tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
四、同“族”词汇(巧积累)
1．同在一条“船(-ship)”上
①scholarship 奖学金 ②championship 冠军称号
③leadership 领导地位 ④relationship 关系
⑤hardship 艰难 ⑥membership 成员资格
⑦friendship 友谊 ⑧citizenship 公民身份
2．众“说”纷纭
①complain v． 抱怨 ②insist v． 坚持说
③joke v． 开玩笑 ④murmur v． 嘟囔；低语
⑤add v． 补充说 ⑥whisper v． 低声说
⑦declare v． 声明；宣称 ⑧announce v． 宣称；宣布
|背|短|语|
1．carry sb.through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关
2．tend to do sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
3．pass away 去世
4．in memory of 作为对……的纪念
5．trip over 被……绊倒
6．in tears 流着泪；含着泪
7．in despair 处于绝望中
8．a great deal (of) 大量
9．in need of 需要
10．pick oneself up 振作起来；重新站起来
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，学高级句式
1．To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired？(“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级意义)
对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？
2．The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.(see的拟人用法)
中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。
二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达
单元主题：优秀品质
1．As we all know, craftsmanship spirit is mainly made up of perseverance, integrity, diligence and expertise.
众所周知，工匠精神主要是由毅力、诚信、勤奋和专业组成的。
2．His charming personality lies in a simple fact that he never hesitates to help others.
他的人格魅力在于一个简单的事实：对帮助别人他从不犹豫。
3．We should develop good characters, such as a strong will and diligence, because good qualities help us to hold on to our dreams when we get into trouble.
我们应当培养好的品质，如坚强的意志和勤奋，因为好的品质能帮助我们在陷入困境时坚持我们的梦想。
|背|语|段|
以读促写：形体描写之“臂”
Entering the room, I saw Grandma sitting on the bed with a blanket around her. I ran forward and gave her the biggest hug with tearful eyes. Grandma, holding me tightly in her arms, said, “I know there's a chance I won't make it, but I love you forever.” Grandpa patted Grandma on the back and comforted her, “Don't worry, honey. We are all waiting for you here.” Grandma nodded with her usual smile.
走进房间，我看见奶奶正坐在床上，身上围着一条毯子。我跑上去，眼泪汪汪地给了她一个大大的拥抱。奶奶紧紧地把我搂在怀里，说，“我知道，我有可能活不下去，但我永远爱你。”爷爷拍着奶奶的背，安慰她，“别担心，亲爱的，我们都在这里等候你。”奶奶像往常一样微笑着点了点头。
高分 悟道 本段中加蓝部分是和“臂”有关的动作描写，通过紧紧拥抱表达了作者和祖母之间的爱，刻画了一幅让人伤感又充满温馨的生动画面。
高分 有招 常见的与“臂”相关的高分词块有：
throw/put one's arms around sb. 伸出双臂抱住某人
wave arms 挥舞双臂
with open arms 热烈地
fold one's arms across one's chest 双臂交叉在胸前
arm in arm 臂挽臂
pull sb. into one's arms 揽某人入怀
一、默写核心单词
1．the of the story 故事的寓意
2．the of honesty 诚实的美德
3．in a 陷入两难
4．the most gift最珍贵的礼物
5．the Students' 学生会
moral
virtue
dilemma
precious
Union
6． a guide 雇用一位导游
7．go 去别处
8． her first novel 出版她的第一部小说
9．the foundational 基本原则
10． in her ear 在她耳边耳语
11．take a of the cookie 咬一口饼干
12．a of actions 一连串的动作
hire
elsewhere
publish
principle
whisper
bite
chain
13． her drink 弄洒了她的饮料
14． down the hallway 一瘸一拐地走过走廊
15．shed 流泪
spill
limp
tears
16．sink into 陷入绝望
17．a major source of 主要收入来源
18． burn lots of calories 因此燃烧大量热量
despair
income
therefore
二、默写变形单词
(依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式)
marry
marriage
major
majority
minority
complain
complaint
respond
response
physics
physical
physician
reject
rejection
appoint
appointment
appointed
elect
election
tend
tendency
retire
retirement
retired
save
saving
scare
scared
scary
sharp
sharpen
energy
energetic
replace
replacement
accident
accidental
operate
operation
operator
assist
assistance
assistant
memory
memorize
memorable
harm
harmful
harmless
flexible
flexibility
inflexible
tense
tension
三、默写重点短语
1． 帮助某人渡过难关
2． 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
3． 去世
4． 作为对……的纪念
carry sb.through sth.
tend to do sth.
pass away
in memory of
5． 被……绊倒
6． 流着泪；含着泪
7． 处于绝望中
8． 大量
trip over
in tears
in despair
a great deal (of)
四、默写经典句式(完成句子)
1．To a person , and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired
对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？
nothing is more precious than their life
2．The new People's Republic of China__________________________
.
中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。
saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing
a key role
2
课堂学案—过词汇关
一、变形词汇——练清易错微点
1．She will continue in her present job until a (replace) can be found.
2．At the end of the activity, we took a picture to (memory) the unforgettable moment.
3．Thanks to the (retire) teacher, Helen managed to finish her high school education.
replacement
memorize
retired
4．As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a (tend) to get anxious with time going by.
5．He expressed his disgust at the service by writing a letter of __________(complain)．
tendency
complaint
6．The kitchen knife had become dull, so my mum asked me to _________(sharp) it.
7．I find that doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more (energy)．
sharpen
energetic
易错微点
1．retired在此处是过去分词作定语。作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。
2．sharpen在此处作动词，意为“使变得锋利”，是由形容词sharp＋动词后缀-en构成的。类似的还有shorten“缩短”，darken“使变暗”，weaken“削弱”等。
二、重点词汇——练后拓展归纳
1．majority n．大部分；大多数
①When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major___ comparative literature.
②Some plastic gets recycled or recovered and some is burned, but the majority (be) buried in landfills.
in
is
③(2022·全国乙卷书面表达)According to the survey,_______________
listening to English songs as their favorite way in English learning.
根据调查，大多数学生把听英文歌曲作为他们最喜欢的英语学习方式。
④(话题写作之学校生活)Those who have voted for me______________
, so I am elected as chairman of the Students' Union.
投票支持我的人占大多数，因此我被选为学生会主席。
the/a majority
of students consider
are in the/a
majority
(1)a/the majority of ... 大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数
(2)major adj. 主要的
vi. 主修
n． 主修课程
major in 主修
名师指津：“a/the majority of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与of后面的名词在数上保持一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词可用单数(侧重整体)或复数(侧重个体)。
2．respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应
①The resident physician responded the complaints of his patients immediately.
②She made no (respond) to the principle, which made me boil with anger.
to
response
③(2024·北京高考写作)I am writing , in which you asked for my advice on how to present China's development achievements.
我写信是为了回应你的上一封信，在信中你要我就如何介绍中国的发展成就提供建议。
in response to your last letter
(1)respond to 对……做出回应或反应；
答复
(2)response n． 回答；回复；反应
in response to 响应；对……做出反应
make a/no response to 对……做出回应/不予回应
3．appoint vt.任命；委派
①Then, I drove to the (appoint) place, and my father was sitting in a corner, waiting patiently.
②(动作描写) , he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house.
当得知自己被任命为队长时，他抑制不住自己的兴奋，跳着舞进了屋子。
appointed
Learning he was appointed as/to be head of the team
③(道歉信)由于已经和牙医预约，我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。(一句多译)
→Because , I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.
→ , I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.(用分词短语作状语)
I have made/had an appointment with the dentist
Having made/had an appointment with the dentist
(1)appoint sb. as/to be ... 任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2)appointment n． 约会；任命
have/make an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会
keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约
(3)appointed adj. 约定的；指定的
4．scare vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓
①After watching a (scare) film in the cinema, she was scared ___walking home alone on such a dark night and therefore, she called a taxi.
②When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us，______
.
当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎吓得要死。
scary
of
I was
nearly scared to death
③(心理描写)I bowed my head timidly and my father's cloudy face.
我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。
was scared to look at
(1)scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
(2)scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
be scared to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb./(doing)sth. 害怕某人/(做)某事
be scared to death 吓得要死
(3)scary adj. 吓人的；恐怖的
5．assist vt.帮助；援助；协助
①The guides managed to assist the tourists (find) somewhere to live during the Asian Summer Games.
②We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us
the upcoming exhibition of Chinese painting.
to find
with/in
③(情节描写)When the twins were worried that they couldn't succeed in making a delicious Mother's Day breakfast, their father
, the twins made it, their faces brimming with happy smiles.(补全语段)
正当这对双胞胎担心做不出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候，爸爸来帮他们了。在爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。
came to their assistance. With the assistance of their father/With their father assisting
them/With their father's assistance
(1)assist sb.to do/in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb.with/in sth. 在某方面帮助某人
(2)assistance n． 帮助；协助
come to one's assistance 来援助某人
with the assistance of ... 在……的帮助下
(3)assistant n． 助手；助理；售货员
6.harm n．& vt.伤害；损害；危害
①(话题写作之健康生活)众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。(一句多译)
→It is known to us that eating too much junk food_________________
.(harm n．)
→It is known to us that eating too much junk food_________________
.(harmful)
does/causes harm
to our health
is harmful to our
health
②(补全语段)Being addicted to online games______________________
our physical and mental health. Therefore,_____________________
.
沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它们没有害处。
is harmful to/does harm
to
there is no harm in
getting rid of them
(1)do/cause harm to sb./sth. 对某人/物有害
do/cause sb. harm 对某人有害
there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to 对……有害
三、重点短语——练后查找疏漏
a great/good deal of 许多的；大量的
①(对比填空)He spent time with the poor families, and he learned from the experience.(a great deal of/a great deal)
a great deal of
a great deal
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Although David_________________________
, he made it to the finish line with a determined smile brimming on his face. kids couldn't resist applauding him.(补全语段)
尽管大卫比其他孩子跑得慢得多，但他成功到达终点线，脸上洋溢着坚定的微笑。许多孩子情不自禁地为他鼓掌。
ran a great/good deal slower
than the other kids
A good/great many (of)
(1)a great/good deal of “许多的；大量的”，只能
修饰不可数名词。修饰可数名词可以用a great/good many (of)。
(2)a great deal用作名词短语时，意为“大量；许多”，作主语或者宾语。
(3)a great/good deal用作副词短语时，可修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以作状语修饰动词。
1.①Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry.Within seconds, he'd slid down the trunk and was back on the ground. ____ ②She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident while she was cutting a potato. ___ ③This leads to the sharp decrease of the animals' population. ___ ④I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left. __ ⑤She planned to unlock the shop at 8：00 sharp the next morning. ___ ⑥I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes，who kept watching a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap. ___ 1.sharp
A．adj.急剧的
B．adj.敏锐的
C．adj.锋利的
D．adv.
(……点)整
E．adj.急转的
F．adj.声音突然而响
亮的
四、一词多义——语境中辨词义(对应右栏词义填代码)
F
C
A
E
D
B
2.①In 1971, China's first subway line in Beijing was formally put into operation. ___ ②The police have launched a major operation against drug suppliers. ___ ③I have been working in a huge multinational operation ever since graduation. ___ ④With the help of sunshine, fresh air, and enough rest, the old man will quickly recover from the operation. ___ ⑤Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient across the board. ___ 2.operation
A．n.手术
B．n.操作
C．n.运转；运行
D．n.(有组织的)活动；行动
E．n.公司；企业
C
D
E
A
B
数智赋能 随堂训练—用单元所学知识补全语段
3
迁移应用—过阅读关
(说明：文中加蓝词汇为本单元主题词汇)
(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ· 阅读理解B篇)Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree.That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children.Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids.After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own.She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home.She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.“Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers，” she says.However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family — and that's pretty powerful.
[真题评价]
[价值导向] 本文是一篇记叙文。Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，以及家人的帮助完成了四年大学学习，成功拿到了学位。文章旨在引导学生学习他人的优秀品质，学会正确面对自己的责任，塑造自己的美好品格。
√
1．What did Jennifer do after high school
A．She helped her dad with his work.
B．She ran the family farm on her own.
C．She supported herself through college.
D．She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费) ...a college education”可知，Jennifer 在高中毕业之后上了一个技术学院，上学期间的学费是自己打工挣来的，因为家里没有余钱供她上学。
√
2．Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield
A．To take care of her kids easily.
B．To learn from the best nurses.
C．To save money for her parents.
D．To find a well-paid job there.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She chose ...because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home ...help with her kids.”可知，Jennifer在婚后要照顾三个孩子，但是又想在事业上深造，为了两者兼顾，所以选择了离家较近的“UW-Eau Claire”项目，以期在学习的同时照顾到孩子，故选A。
√
3．What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal
A．Her health.
B．Her time with family.
C．Her reputation.
D．Her chance of promotion.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“giving up many nights with her kids and ...between my kids and studying for exams or papers”可知，Jennifer为了达成目标牺牲了很多，主要体现在为了学习在很多个晚上没有办法照看和陪伴孩子，故选B。
√
4．What can we learn from Jennifer's story
A．Time is money.
B．Love breaks down barriers.
C．Hard work pays off.
D．Education is the key to success.
解析：推理判断题。文章介绍了Jennifer 在家境困难的情况下依靠自己完成了学业，在婚后既要照顾家庭还想深造的情况下努力付出，最终实现了目标。她的经历表明一个人的努力付出是会有回报的，故选C。
[语篇精读]
一、理文脉，把握文章大意
本文是一篇记叙文，采用了“倒叙式”的语篇模式。
二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的词性及含义)
①(合成词)Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree.
_______________
②(熟词生义)That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.______________
n.意志力，毅力
n.成果，结果
③(一词多义)Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids._____________
④(一词多义)She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing._____________
v.管理，经营
v.促进，推动
2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思)
①earn a nursing degree _____________
②attend college _______
③set aside ___________
④pay for ___________
⑤help with ___________________
⑥take care of ___________
⑦an inspiration to _________________
获得护理学位
上大学
拨出；留出
为……付款
在某方面帮助(某人)
照顾，照料
对……是一种激励
三、析难句，破解阅读障碍
1．After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.
抓标志：连词________
判类型：主句(含一个作状语的分词短语)＋原因状语从句
试翻译：高中毕业后，詹妮弗进入了当地的一所技术学院，打工支付学费，因为(家里)没有多余的钱供她上大学。
because
2．Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
抓标志：连词 ；并列连词_____
判类型：主从复合句(含一个时间状语从句＋and连接的并列句)
试翻译：詹妮弗在努力攻读学位的过程中得到了家人的大力支持：她的丈夫打两份工来支付账单，她68岁的母亲有时会帮忙照顾孩子。
as
and
4
发展提升—过表达关
由教材典句，学高级表达
|解|读|规|则|
(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构，意为“没有比……更……的了；没有像……一样……的了”，常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。
“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级意义
(2)可表示最高级意义的其他结构还有：
|习|练|规|则| (用“否定词＋比较级”改写)
①We do believe that you are the most suitable for this competition.
→We do believe that there is for this competition.
②The best thing is being praised by my teacher before my classmates.
→There is being praised by my teacher before my classmates.
no one more suitable than you
nothing better than
③He is the most kind-hearted person I have ever met.
→I than him before.
have never met a more kind-hearted person
|应|用|写|美|
④(语言描写)“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。
“ ！” the mother responded excitedly.
I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one
⑤(情感描写)我们紧紧拥抱在一起，特里含泪低语道：“没有人比你更值得拥有这一切。”
We hugged each other tightly and Terry whispered in tears, “________
.”
Nobody
deserves this more than you
|解|读|规|则|
(1)see意为“见证；目睹；经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪等或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地发生或经历了某事。
(2)与see用法相同的动词有find, witness等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的修辞手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。
see的拟人用法
|习|练|规|则| (变换句式)
①With the rapid development of economy, great changes have taken place in our city in the last few years.(用拟人的修辞手法升级)
→With the rapid development of economy, the last few years _______
in our city.
have
seen/witnessed great changes
②Many young Beijing people wear smartly tailored jackets and colorful sweaters in autumn.(用see升级句子)
→Autumn in smartly tailored jackets and colorful sweaters.
sees many young Beijing people
|应|用|写|美|
③(话题写作之活动介绍)国庆节目睹了人们在街上欢快地唱歌、跳舞，庆祝我们伟大祖国的生日。
National Day ________________________________________________
to celebrate our great motherland's birthday.
saw/witnessed people singing and dancing happily in
the streets
④(话题写作之体育运动)众所周知，2024年见证了第33届巴黎奥运会的成功举办。
As is known to all, the year 2024 of the 33rd Olympic Games in Paris.
saw/witnessed the success
建构语义场，丰富语料库
子语境(一) 道德困境
1．moral dilemma 道德困境
2．get in trouble 陷入麻烦
3．make difficult choices 做出困难选择
4．struggle with moral decisions 与道德决定作斗争
5．Before taking action, we should weigh the moral consequences carefully.
在采取行动之前，我们应该仔细权衡道德后果。
6．He managed to overcome moral obstacles and did the right thing.
他设法克服了道德障碍，做了正确的事。
子语境(二) 善良美德行为
1．be responsible for 对……负责
2．carry sb. through 使某人渡过难关
3．assist us to settle our troubles 帮助我们解决困难
4．Without any hesitation, Henry was determined to help the stranger.
亨利毫不犹豫地决心帮助这个陌生人。
5．I liked the kids, always trying to help them solve their problems.
我喜欢这些孩子们，总是尽力帮助他们解决问题。
子语境(三) 善良美德行为的感悟
1．in memory of him 为了纪念他
2．encourage more people to help others
鼓励更多的人来帮助他人
3．overflow with happiness 洋溢着幸福
4．Since then, Tom has brought his love and care to wherever he goes.
从那时起，汤姆无论去哪里，都带着他的爱和关心。
5．Her actions reflect the true meaning of selflessness and sacrifice.
她的行为体现了无私和牺牲的真正意义。
6．I've learned from him that true generosity is not about what you give, but about the attitude with which you give it.
我从他身上学到：真正的慷慨不在于你给予了什么，而在于你给予时的态度。
主题微写作，勤练笔不辍
(一)应用单元所学补全语段(蓝体字为单元词汇的复现)
Mr Qiu, who majored in English in the university, ①__________
(被选为最美教师之一) in our school. He is so kind and energetic that we all respect him very much. Three years ago, he ② (被任命为班主任) of our class. The past three years ③____________________
(见证了他为我们的付出). He is always the first
is elected
as one of the most beautiful teachers
was appointed as/to be head teacher
have seen what he did
for us
④ (帮助我们解决困难), for which we all admire him a lot. Not only is he ready to help others, but he even ⑤ (投入了大量的业余时间) to his work. He has tried his best to ⑥ (帮助我们渡过难关) whenever we are in need.With his assistance, we couldn't have done better.
to assist us to settle/in settling our troubles
devotes a great deal of his spare time
carry us through
(二)主题语段的细节描写训练
1．善良美德行为
Once, while traveling on a train, I noticed a man in a wheelchair ① (正艰难地上车). A young girl, seeing his dilemma, ② (立刻主动提供帮助). She ③ (帮助他上火车), ④_____________
(拿着他的行李), and even found him a seat. Her actions were simple yet profoundly kind, ⑤_____________________________
(反映了人性最美好的一面)．
struggling to board
immediately offered her assistance
helped him onto the train
carried his
belongings
reflecting the best of human nature
2．对行为的感悟
At first Ryan was nervous, ① (不知道该说什么). But after confirming that he really ②____________________
(做出了改变) for these children, he felt a great warmth filled him. He broke into a joyful smile, believing ③ (没有什么比……更好了) the sense of ④________________________________
(由此带来的满足和自豪). Later, Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation ⑤ (鼓励更多人来帮助) the children.
not knowing what to say
had made a difference
nothing is greater than
satisfaction and pride coming from
this
to encourage more people to help
5
课下双测—过高考关
课时作业(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
An important lesson in the moral education of children could be as close as the book in their hands.Stories matter.And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the results of a new study.
Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study, which explores how media content influences children.Many studies done before have focused on wide concept, but Hahn's study looks at how moral values might influence the kids' values.Do children reading particular moral, characteristics take in those qualities and build their own morality The findings suggest so.
“Parents, caregivers, and teachers are often wondering how media can be used for good，” says Hahn.“How can it be used for good things How can it discourage bad habits How can it educate？” Answering those questions begins with a better understanding of how to use media.“When parents are considering what media they might want to select for their children, they can deliberate what particular moral value is being stressed by the main character, and how the main character is treated because of those actions，” she says.
For the study, Hahn and her workmates took the main character from a young adult novel.They wrote the content to reflect the study's focus on moral values.Those stories were shared with about 200 participants between the ages of 10 and 14.This is a favorable range for media research because it's more difficult to introduce the understanding of stories to younger kids, while challenging to hold the attention of older teenagers, who become bored with basic storylines, according to Hahn.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。根据一项新的研究结果，故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观的建设中发挥作用。
√
1．What is the result of the new study
A．Stories should be spread more by media.
B．Children like reading books full of funny stories.
C．Children have learned an important lesson from stories.
D．Stories help children to develop their own moral values.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，这项新研究的结果是故事帮助孩子们发展自己的道德价值观。
√
2．What does Hahn's study focus on
A．How children deal with media content.
B．How children are exposed to modern society.
C．How media content influences children's moral values.
D．How children should deal with the moral values in stories.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study ...but Hahn's study looks at how moral values might influence the kids' values.”可知，Hahn的研究重点是媒体内容如何影响儿童的道德价值观。
√
3．What does the underlined word “deliberate” mean in paragraph 3
A．Consider. B．Describe.
C．Improve. D.Demand.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词所在句可知，当父母考虑为孩子选择什么样的媒体时，他们可以考虑主角强调了什么特定的道德价值，以及主角因那些行为而受到怎样的对待，因此deliberate的意思是“考虑”，和consider意思相近。
4．Which is the best title for the text
A．The Young Can Build Good Moral Values Easily
B．It Is Difficult for the Young to Understand Moral Values
C．Stories Play an Important Role in the Young's Moral Values
D．Scientists Find More Ways to Help the Young Build Moral Values
√
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，本文主要讲的是根据一项新的研究结果，故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观的建设中发挥作用，因此最好的标题是C选项。
B
(2025·河南名校模拟)In a heart-pounding display of courage and quick thinking, a 65-year-old crane (起重机) operator became an unexpected hero as he rescued a man trapped on top of a towering building engulfed in flames.
Glen Edwards, a crane operator from Egham, was expressing his gratitude after a tense rescue operation in Reading last Thursday. Edwards found himself in a challenging situation as he navigated circling winds to save a man trapped by smoke and flames on a building. The dramatic rescue unfolded amid thick black smoke, making visibility nearly impossible.
When the alarm sounded, Edwards, who had a concrete skip on his crane, wasted no time the moment he spotted the distressed man waving his coat. Employing his experience and knowledge of the area, Edwards attached a metal cage to the crane, carefully considering his options for the rescue. However, the challenging conditions, with smoke sheltering his view, added an extra layer of difficulty to the operation.
With a colleague providing guidance and a concerned crowd watching from below, Edwards skillfully operated the crane to rescue the man. The onlookers erupted in cheers and applause as the man was safely lifted to the ground.
Reflecting on the intense experience, Edwards remarked, “It seemed to pass a long time until the man got inside. The adrenaline (肾上腺素) was pumping.” He admitted to experiencing shaking after the rescue, emphasizing the gravity of the situation.
Despite the successful operation, Edwards is yet to meet the man he saved, humorously noting, “He's got to take me across the road for a drink！”
The heartwarming part of this story is the overwhelming support Edwards has received from well-wishers. A fund-raising page was set up to “buy Edwards a beer as a sign of gratitude，” initially aiming for ￡5,000 but now standing at an impressive ￡9,100. The community's response has left Edwards deeply moved. He stated, “It means a lot; some of the comments have been absolutely fantastic.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了起重机操作员Glen Edwards拯救了一名被困在失火的高楼楼顶的男子，后来他自己也得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。
√
5．What does the underlined word “distressed” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Brave. B．Painful.
C．Enthusiastic. D.Disappointed.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段“In a heart-pounding display ...in flames.”以及第二段“Edwards found himself ...on a building.”可知，这名男子被困在火中，结合常识可知，被困在火中的人会感觉痛苦，画线词distressed表示“痛苦的”，与painful意义相近。故选B。
√
6．Which of the following can best describe Edwards
A．Warm and Curious.
B．Caring and ambitious.
C．Professional and humorous.
D．Gifted and generous.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“Employing his experience and knowledge of the area, Edwards attached a metal cage to the crane, carefully considering his options for the rescue.”、第四段“Edwards skillfully operated the crane to rescue the man.”以及第六段“Despite the successful ... for a drink！”可推知，爱德华兹具备专业技能，并且具有幽默感。故选C。
√
7．What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A．Sharp tools make good work.
B．One good turn descries another.
C．Actions speak louder than words.
D．Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，做了好事的爱德华兹得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。由此推知，好人有好报。故选B。
8．What is the text probably taken from
A．A diary entry.
B.A medical magazine.
C．A news report.
D.A first-aid essay.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Glen Edwards, a crane operator from Egham, was expressing his gratitude after a tense rescue operation in Reading last Thursday.”以及文章内容可知，本文报道了起重机操作员Glen Edwards拯救了一名被困在失火的高楼楼顶的男子，后来他自己也得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。由此推知，文章出自一篇新闻报道。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·湖北省T8联盟模拟)I would say I totally did it.
I could sound a(n) 9 to cause people to pay attention to the children with neurological (神经系统的) diseases. I could put my 10 as a dancer to perform on stage across the country in order to raise money for these children.
I have tried a lot, and also 11 a lot.
On the other day I went to 12 money we collected to those extremely sick children. They all 13 me happily and looked at me as if I had been their long-lost family member, and one of them 14 held my hand, expressing his wish that I would come more often.
Therefore, I have made it my life 15 to help fight neurological diseases, and to inspire more young donors to participate in for 16 lives through arts.
I spend many weekends speaking at medical conferences to provide visibility (可见性) for the 17 ill children, so do my colleagues.
18 things can happen if the arts and medicine join forces. A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research, 19 the medical equipment, and providing home-care services.
In these ways, the young 20 of our generation, along with our times, can come together and 21 a domino effect (多米诺骨牌效应) that we've been dreaming about.
I have learned that the 22 work is not something reserved for adults. I am 16 years old and I am responsible for my fellows. What happens to each of us 23 us all. I've only just begun to learn how to care about others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者以舞蹈作为媒介，为患有神经系统疾病的儿童筹集资金，将帮助对抗神经系统疾病作为人生目标，并激励更多年轻人参与到慈善工作中。
9．A.word B．explosion
C．threat D.alarm
解析：根据下文“to cause people to pay attention to the children with neurological (神经系统的) diseases”可知，此处表示作者发出警报(alarm)，通过这种方式提醒人们关注患有神经系统疾病的儿童。
√
10．A.energies B.talents
C．risks D.spirits
解析：根据下文“as a dancer to perform on stage across the country”可知，此处表示作者发挥作为一名舞者的才能(talents)。故选B。
√
11．A.asked B.responded
C．gained D.won
解析：根据下文“On the other day I went to money we collected to those extremely sick children.”可知，作者收获(gained)了很多。故选C。
√
12．A.deliver B.raise
C．make D.accept
解析：根据下文“money we collected to those extremely sick children”可知，作者给病重的孩子们递送(deliver)筹集到的钱款。
√
13．A.glared at B.smiled at
C．laughed at D.shouted at
解析：根据下文“me happily and looked at me as if I had been their long-lost family member”可知，作者给他们送来筹集的钱，他们都很开心，对着作者微笑(smiled at)。故选B。
√
14．A.toughly B.securely
C．firmly D.confidently
解析：根据下文“held my hand, expressing his wish that I would come more often”以及语境可知，孩子们很开心，看着作者就好像作者是他们失散多年的亲人，所以此处表示其中一个孩子紧紧地(firmly)握着作者的手。故选C。
√
15．A.goal B.stage
C．journey D.chance
解析：根据上文“They all me happily ... would come more often.”以及语境可知，作者感受到了得到帮助的孩子们的开心和感激，由此推测此处表示作者将帮助对抗神经系统疾病作为自己的人生目标(goal)。故选A。
√
16．A.decorating B.taking
C．living D.saving
解析：根据下文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research”可知，作者希望通过自己的行为激励更多的年轻捐助者拯救(saving)生命。故选D。
√
17．A.simply B.frequently
C．desperately D.widely
解析：根据下文“ill children”可知，生病的孩子们极其(desperately)需要帮助。故选C。
√
18．A.Foolish B.Extraordinary
C．Funny D.Normal
解析：根据下文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research, the medical equipment, and providing home-care services.”可知，如果艺术和医学联合起来，非凡的(Extraordinary)事情会发生。故选B。
√
19．A.throwing B.comparing
C．supplying D.carrying
解析：根据上文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research”可知，通过提供(supplying)医疗设备挽救生命。
√
20．A.donors B.tourists
C．customers D.employers
解析：根据上文“and to inspire more young donors to participate in for lives through arts”可知，此处表示年轻的捐助者(donors)。故选A。
√
21．A.design B.reduce
C．increase D.create
解析：根据下文“a domino effect (多米诺骨牌效应) that we've been dreaming about”以及语境可知，年轻一代人可以创造(create)多米诺骨牌效应。故选D。
√
22．A.remarkable B.reasonable
C．considerable D.charitable
解析：根据上文第二段最后一句以及“I have made it my life_______to help ... lives through arts.”可知，作者为孩子们筹集资金，并激励更多年轻捐助者参与到拯救生命的活动中，这是慈善性质的(charitable)工作。故选D。
√
23．A.affects B.embarrasses
C．interests D.puzzles
解析：根据下文“I've only just begun to learn how to care about others.”以及语境可知，此处表示发生在每个人身上的事情都会影响(affects)所有人。故选A。
√
课时作业(二)
Ⅰ.阅读七选五
(2025·西安模拟)Perseverance is the secret of success. 1 Even if a person is not very talented, nor highly knowledgeable, but of an average merit (优点), still he can succeed in life simply by his perseverance. Every action has its reaction. So hard labour has no alternative. It must yield (产生) results.
A person who is highly intelligent, and a scholarly genius, but is lethargic (懒散的) by nature, and reluctant to diligence, can hardly prosper in life, because he does not know how to use his brain and labour in the right direction. 2 Say, the lofty monuments, the palaces, the cities, the buildings etc. — all were built only by long and hard labour. “Rome was not built in a day”. It is through perseverance of thousands of diligent men that such magnificent structures can be standing.
3 Science, architecture, literature, music — in every aspect of life — perseverance is the root cause of success and glory. Shakespeare did not compose such substantial works just in a day. He had to work hard during days and nights with tremendous perseverance to create such great masterpieces.
Modern scientists also work hard for years to succeed. 4 If one looks at his own life, he can very well understand that whatever he has so far gained, he has gained it only by his hard labour, and not by chance or magic, or by someone's grace.
Therefore, perseverance must be practised from the very childhood so that the noble habit becomes a part and parcel of one's life. With that great advantage or goodwill, a man can walk easily on the risky road of his life's journey. 5
A．It is crucial to keep growing.
B．And success will likely be his and his only.
C．Without it, no great achievement is possible.
D．Nothing can stop them from achieving their goals.
E．In human life, perseverance plays a very important role.
F．They carry on their experiments day and night for years together.
G．In this world, all the great things have been made or constructed only by perseverance.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章强调了毅力对于个人成功的重要性。
1．选C 根据空前的“Perseverance is the secret of success.”和空后的“Even if a person ... by his perseverance.”可知，此处需要一个句子来补充说明毅力的重要性。C项“没有它，就不可能有伟大的成就。”直接指出了没有毅力就不可能取得伟大的成就，符合上下文语境。it指代上文中的Perseverance。
2．选G 根据空后的“Say, the lofty monuments, the palaces, the cities, the buildings etc. — all were built only by long and hard labour. ‘Rome was not built in a day’．”可知，下文通过举例说明世界上所有伟大的事物都是通过长期的辛勤劳动和毅力建造的。G项“在这个世界上，所有伟大的事物都是靠毅力创造或建造的。”强调了所有伟大事物的建立都需要毅力，与下文内容相一致。
3．选E 设空位于本段段首。根据空后“Science, architecture, literature, music — in every aspect of life — perseverance is the root cause of success and glory.”可知，本段强调了无论在哪个领域，无论是科学、建筑、文学还是音乐，毅力都是成功和荣耀的根本原因。因此，E项“在人类生活中，毅力起着非常重要的作用。”符合该段的主题，强调了毅力在各个领域中的重要性。
4．选F 根据上文“Modern scientists also work hard for years to succeed.”可知，现代科学家需要多年的辛勤工作才能成功。空后的句子“ If one looks at ... by someone's grace.”则强调了成功是通过努力而不是偶然获得的。因此，F项“多年来，他们夜以继日地一起进行实验。”衔接上下文，描述了科学家为了成功而付出的努力。F项中的 They指代上文的Modern scientists。
5．选B 设空处在段尾，此处需要一个句子作为段落的总结，强调毅力对个人成功的影响。B项“成功很可能是他唯一的。”强调了毅力是个人成功的关键，这与上文提到的“With that great advantage or goodwill, a man can walk easily on the risky road of his life's journey. ”相呼应。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025·南昌模拟)As one of the most populous nations in the world with an ancient history, China has always attracted foreigners. Even though it is a 1 (rise) political and economic power, China still has an extensive need of volunteers in its poorer areas.
From either volunteering in a hospital 2 teaching English, to working in a Panda conservatory, volunteering in China will allow you to get involved in 3 (meaning) ways while learning about Chinese culture. It's an exciting and 4 (personal) inspiring experience and results in more active global citizens.
I used to have a strong 5 (curious) about how Chinese students study in real life. Luckily, last year I 6 (give) a voluntary chance and went to a Chinese school in a small city in Yunnan, 7 I felt and listened to their school life in person. This was 8 extremely impressive experience. I made a lot of foreign friends there and learned Mandarin from them. We really had a good time there. I strongly suggest that teens all should go abroad to see their peers' life. They'll find later that this 9 (shape) their ways of thinking and doing. 10 all aspects I think this program is definitely worth a try.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者来到中国云南的一座城市当志愿者的经历和感悟。
1．rising 考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中为非谓语动词，作定语修饰名词power, power与动词rise之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，表示“正在崛起”，应用现在分词，故填rising。
2．or 考查连词。由空前的either 可知，设空处应填并列连词or。
3．meaningful 考查形容词。设空处在句中作定语，修饰名词ways，应用形容词，故填meaningful。
4．personally 考查副词。设空处在句中作状语，修饰形容词inspiring，应用副词形式，故填personally。
5．curiosity 考查名词。短语have a strong curiosity about sth.意为“对某事有强烈的好奇心”，故填curiosity。
6．was given 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语动词，由时间状语“last year”可知，时态为一般过去时，且单数主语I与动词give之间为被动关系。故填was given。
7．where 考查定语从句。句子分析可知，“ I felt and listened to their school life in person”为非限制性定语从句，设空处指代先行词a small city in Yunnan，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。
8．an 考查冠词。句中experience表示“经历”，为可数名词，此处指“一次经历”，表示泛指。空后extremely的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
9．will shape 考查时态。设空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语动词，由主句中“They'll find”可知，从句为一般将来时，故填will shape。
10．In 考查介词。in all aspects 表示“在各个方面”。设空处置于句首，首字母大写。故填In。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alice and her family went on a camping trip along the seaside.Upon arrival, Dad called for a meeting.He announced, “There are lots of jobs to be done.It's no fun on holiday if Mum and I do all the work, so I come up with this pocket money chart.In this way, everyone has to do something, and you must do your own jobs every day! If you do your jobs well, you get some extra pocket money！”
精品课件·名师析题
Looking at the chart, which had their names on it next to a list of jobs, the kids frowned at the idea. Unwillingly, they began to do their jobs.Alice washed up the dishes.Mike, the youngest brother, dried the dishes.Jeff, Alice's twin brother, took their dog for a walk.
The next day they went to the beach.After playing some time in the sea, they went to look for shells along the beach.Suddenly, Alice found a strange-looking rock.She picked it up and showed it to Dad. “You've found a fossil (化石)! It was once a shellfish and has turned into a rock after millions of years！” Dad said happily. Greatly inspired, Alice continued her search, determined to find a better one, but she failed. Darkness fell, and Alice had to head back to the campsite with her family in disappointment.On the way back they stopped at a shop, where Alice spotted some amazing fossils! But soon she found they were too expensive!
Back at the camp, Alice was still thinking of the amazing fossils in the shop. Suddenly an idea occurred to her, “I'll do everyone's jobs and then I can get all the extra pocket money to buy a fossil！” The next morning, Alice offered to dry the dishes and walk the dog, which greatly pleased Mike and Jeff.But things didn't go as Alice planned.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
When Dad saw Alice walking the dog, he was confused.
Later that morning, Mike and Jeff approached Alice when they found she was unhappy.
参考范文：
When Dad saw Alice walking the dog, he was confused.Obviously, he was not happy about this.When Alice came back, Dad asked why she was doing Jeff's job.Alice said very slowly, “I ...I just want to earn all the extra pocket money to buy that fossil in the shop.” “I'm sorry, Alice. I'm afraid you can't.You all have to do the jobs — not just you.The point is that we share the jobs.” Dad said firmly. Hearing what Dad said, Alice felt disappointed and sad. She thought it was unfair that Dad didn't think highly of her hard work.
Later that morning, Mike and Jeff approached Alice when they found she was unhappy.They presented a small box and urged her to open it. Alice had no idea what was going on, but seeing her two brothers' eyes twinkling with eagerness, she opened it.The moment she saw what was inside, Alice jumped up with joy. It was her brothers' extra pocket money, with which she could afford one of the fossils she dreamed about! She threw her arms around her brothers, tears welling
up in her eyes. Jeff said, “Dad told us your plan.” It dawned on Alice that Dad was trying to tell her that rules are rules but love between family members never fails.|背|单|词|
一、阅读单词(明其义)
1．faint vi. 昏倒；晕厥
adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
2．entrust vt. 委托；交付
3．tuition n. (小组)教学；讲课
4．fee n. 专业服务费；报酬
5．scholarship n. 奖学金
6．colleague n. 同事；同僚
7．clinic n. 诊所；门诊部
8．faraway adj. 遥远的
9．decade n. 十年；十年期
10．staff n. 员工；全体职员
11．kindergarten n. 学前班；幼儿园
12．passive adj. 被动的；顺从的
13．insurance n. 保险；保险业
14．midnight n. 子夜；午夜
15．pole n. (行星的)极；地极
16．lap n． (坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈
17．lip n. 嘴唇
18．chairman n. 主席；主持人；董事长
19．café n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆
20．pregnant adj. 怀孕的；妊娠的
21．disguise vt. 装扮；假扮；掩盖
n. 伪装；化装用具
22．maple n. 枫树；槭树
23．cart n 手推车；运货马车
24．fable n. 寓言；寓言故事
25．court n. (网球等的)球场；法院；法庭
26．per prep. 每；每一
二、核心单词(书写准)
1．moral adj. 道德的；道义上的
n. 品行；道德；寓意
2．virtue n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
3．dilemma n. 进退两难的境地；困境
4．precious adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的
5．union n. 协会；联合会；工会
6．hire vt. 聘任；雇用；租用
n. 租借；租用
7．elsewhere adv. 在别处；去别处
8．publish vt. 发表(作品)；出版
9．principle n. 道德原则；法则；原则
10．whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语
n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
11．bite vt.& vi. 咬；叮；蜇
n. 咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤
12．chain n. 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
13．spill vt.& vi. (使)洒出；(使)溢出
14．limp vi. 跛行；一瘸一拐地走
15．tear n. 眼泪；泪水
16．despair n. 绝望
vi. 绝望；感到无望
17．income n. 收入；收益
18．therefore adv. 因此；所以
三、变形单词(晓其变)
1．illustrate vt. (举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图
illustration n． 说明；插图
2．marry vt. 结婚；嫁；娶
marriage n. 结婚；婚姻
3．major adj. 主要的vi.主修n.主修课程
majority n. 大部分；大多数
minority n. 少数民族；少数派
4．complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
complaint n. 抱怨
5．respond vt. 回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应
response n. 反应；回答；回复
6．physics n. 物理学
physical adj. 身体的；物质的
physician n. 医师；(尤指)内科医生
7．reject vt. 拒绝接受；不录用
rejection n. 拒绝接受；否决
8．appoint vt. 任命；委派
appointment n. 约会；任命
appointed adj. 约定的；指定的
9．elect vt. 选举；推选
election n. 选举；推选；当选
10．tend vt. 照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于
tendency n. 倾向；趋势
11．retire vi.& vt. 退休；退职；退出
retirement n. 退休
retired adj. 已退休的
12．save v. 节省；节约；救助
saving n． 节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款
13．scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓
scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的
14．sharp adj. 急剧的；锋利的；明显的
sharpen v. 使锋利；改善；提高
15．energy n. 精力；活力；能量
energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的
16．replace vt. 接替；取代；更换
replacement n. 代替；更换
17．accident n. 事故；车祸；失事
accidental adj. 意外的；偶然的
18．operate vi. 工作；运转；动手术vt.操作
operation n. 手术；企业；经营
operator n. 操作员
19．import n． 进口；进口商品vt.进口；输入；引进
export n． 出口；出口商品vt.出口；输出；传播
20．assist vt. 帮助；援助
assistance n. 帮助；协助
assistant n. 助手；助理；售货员
21．memory n. 记忆力；回忆
memorize v. 记住；熟记
memorable adj. 难忘的
22．harm n．& vt. 伤害；损害
harmful adj. 有害的
harmless adj. 无害的
23．might n. 力量；威力
mighty adj. 强大的；巨大的
24．flexible adj. 灵活的；可变通的
flexibility n. 灵活
inflexible adj. 不灵活的；顽固的
25．tense adj. 紧张的
tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
四、同“族”词汇(巧积累)
1．同在一条“船( ship)”上
①scholarship奖学金 ②championship 冠军称号
③leadership 领导地位 ④relationship 关系
⑤hardship 艰难 ⑥membership 成员资格
⑦friendship 友谊 ⑧citizenship 公民身份
2．众“说”纷纭
①complain v. 抱怨 ②insist v. 坚持说
③joke v. 开玩笑 ④murmur v. 嘟囔；低语
⑤add v. 补充说 ⑥whisper v. 低声说
⑦declare v. 声明；宣称 ⑧announce v. 宣称；宣布
|背|短|语|
1．carry sb.through sth. 帮助某人渡过难关
2．tend to do sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
3．pass away 去世
4．in memory of 作为对……的纪念
5．trip over 被……绊倒
6．in tears 流着泪；含着泪
7．in despair 处于绝望中
8．a great deal (of) 大量
9．in need of 需要
10．pick oneself up 振作起来；重新站起来
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，学高级句式
1．To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired？(“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级意义)
对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。而现在这个人对你说，我把生命交给你，那么你还说什么呢？你冷？你饿？你困？
2．The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.(see的拟人用法)
中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。
二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达
单元主题：优秀品质
1．As we all know, craftsmanship spirit is mainly made up of perseverance, integrity, diligence and expertise.众所周知，工匠精神主要是由毅力、诚信、勤奋和专业组成的。
2．His charming personality lies in a simple fact that he never hesitates to help others.
他的人格魅力在于一个简单的事实：对帮助别人他从不犹豫。
3．We should develop good characters, such as a strong will and diligence, because good qualities help us to hold on to our dreams when we get into trouble.
我们应当培养好的品质，如坚强的意志和勤奋，因为好的品质能帮助我们在陷入困境时坚持我们的梦想。
|背|语|段|
以读促写：形体描写之“臂”
Entering the room, I saw Grandma sitting on the bed with a blanket around her. I ran forward and gave her the biggest hug with tearful eyes. Grandma, holding me tightly in her arms, said, “I know there's a chance I won't make it, but I love you forever.” Grandpa patted Grandma on the back and comforted her, “Don't worry, honey. We are all waiting for you here.” Grandma nodded with her usual smile.
走进房间，我看见奶奶正坐在床上，身上围着一条毯子。我跑上去，眼泪汪汪地给了她一个大大的拥抱。奶奶紧紧地把我搂在怀里，说，“我知道，我有可能活不下去，但我永远爱你。”爷爷拍着奶奶的背，安慰她，“别担心，亲爱的，我们都在这里等候你。”奶奶像往常一样微笑着点了点头。
高分悟道 本段中加黑部分是和“臂”有关的动作描写，通过紧紧拥抱表达了作者和祖母之间的爱，刻画了一幅让人伤感又充满温馨的生动画面。
高分有招 常见的与“臂”相关的高分词块有： throw/put one's arms around sb.伸出双臂抱住某人 wave arms 挥舞双臂 with open arms 热烈地 fold one's arms across one's chest 双臂交叉在胸前 arm in arm 臂挽臂 pull sb. into one's arms 揽某人入怀
本部分内容见《课前默写本》P636
一、变形词汇——练清易错微点
1．She will continue in her present job until a (replace) can be found.
2．At the end of the activity, we took a picture to (memory) the unforgettable moment.
3．Thanks to the (retire) teacher, Helen managed to finish her high school education.
4．As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a (tend) to get anxious with time going by.
5．He expressed his disgust at the service by writing a letter of (complain)．
6．The kitchen knife had become dull, so my mum asked me to (sharp) it.
7．I find that doing physical exercise a couple of times a week makes me feel more (energy)．
易错微点
1．retired在此处是过去分词作定语。作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词，其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前。
2．sharpen在此处作动词，意为“使变得锋利”，是由形容词sharp＋动词后缀 en构成的。类似的还有shorten“缩短”，darken“使变暗”，weaken“削弱”等。
二、重点词汇——练后拓展归纳
1．majority n．大部分；大多数
①When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major comparative literature.
②Some plastic gets recycled or recovered and some is burned, but the majority (be) buried in landfills.
③(2022·全国乙卷书面表达)According to the survey, listening to English songs as their favorite way in English learning.
根据调查，大多数学生把听英文歌曲作为他们最喜欢的英语学习方式。
④(话题写作之学校生活)Those who have voted for me ， so I am elected as chairman of the Students' Union.投票支持我的人占大多数，因此我被选为学生会主席。
(1)a/the majority of ... 大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大部分/大多数
(2)major adj. 主要的
vi. 主修
n. 主修课程
major in 主修
名师指津：“a/the majority of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与of后面的名词在数上保持一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词可用单数(侧重整体)或复数(侧重个体)。
2．respond vt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应
①The resident physician responded the complaints of his patients immediately.
②She made no (respond) to the principle, which made me boil with anger.
③(2024·北京高考写作)I am writing ， in which you asked for my advice on how to present China's development achievements.
我写信是为了回应你的上一封信，在信中你要我就如何介绍中国的发展成就提供建议。,
(1)respond to 对……做出回应或反应；答复
(2)response n. 回答；回复；反应
in response to 响应；对……做出反应
make a/no response to 对……做出回应/不予回应
3．appoint vt.任命；委派
①Then, I drove to the (appoint) place, and my father was sitting in a corner, waiting patiently.
②(动作描写) ， he couldn't contain his excitement and danced into the house.
当得知自己被任命为队长时，他抑制不住自己的兴奋，跳着舞进了屋子。
③(道歉信)由于已经和牙医预约，我非常抱歉不能在约定的时间陪你去书店了。(一句多译)
→Because ， I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.
→ ， I am terribly sorry for not accompanying you to the bookshop at the appointed time.(用分词短语作状语)
(1)appoint sb. as/to be ... 任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2)appointment n. 约会；任命
have/make an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会
keep/break an appointment 守/违(爽)约
(3)appointed adj. 约定的；指定的
4．scare vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓
①After watching a (scare) film in the cinema, she was scared walking home alone on such a dark night and therefore, she called a taxi.
②When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us， .
当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎吓得要死。
③(心理描写)I bowed my head timidly and my father's cloudy face.
我胆怯地低着头，不敢看爸爸那张阴云密布的脸。,
(1)scare sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事
(2)scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的
be scared to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事
be scared of sb./(doing)sth. 害怕某人/(做)某事
be scared to death 吓得要死
(3)scary adj. 吓人的；恐怖的
5.assist vt.帮助；援助；协助
①The guides managed to assist the tourists (find) somewhere to live during the Asian Summer Games.
②We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us the upcoming exhibition of Chinese painting.
③(情节描写)When the twins were worried that they couldn't succeed in making a delicious Mother's Day breakfast, their father ， the twins made it, their faces brimming with happy smiles.(补全语段)
正当这对双胞胎担心做不出一顿美味的母亲节早餐的时候，爸爸来帮他们了。在爸爸的帮助下，这对双胞胎成功了，脸上洋溢着快乐的笑容。
(1)assist sb.to do/in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb.with/in sth. 在某方面帮助某人
(2)assistance n. 帮助；协助
come to one's assistance 来援助某人
with the assistance of ... 在……的帮助下
(3)assistant n. 助手；助理；售货员
6．harm n．& vt.伤害；损害；危害
①(话题写作之健康生活)众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。(一句多译)
→It is known to us that eating too much junk food .(harm n．)
→It is known to us that eating too much junk food .(harmful)
②(补全语段)Being addicted to online games our physical and mental health. Therefore, .
沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它们没有害处。
(1)do/cause harm to sb./sth. 对某人/物有害
do/cause sb. harm 对某人有害
there is no harm in doing sth. 做某事没有害处
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to 对……有害
三、重点短语——练后查找疏漏
a great/good deal of许多的；大量的
①(对比填空)He spent time with the poor families, and he learned from the experience.(a great deal of/a great deal)
②(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Although David ， he made it to the finish line with a determined smile brimming on his face. kids couldn't resist applauding him.(补全语段)
尽管大卫比其他孩子跑得慢得多，但他成功到达终点线，脸上洋溢着坚定的微笑。许多孩子情不自禁地为他鼓掌。
(1)a great/good deal of “许多的；大量的”，只能修饰不可数名词。修饰可数名词可以用a great/good many (of)。
(2)a great deal用作名词短语时，意为“大量；许多”，作主语或者宾语。
(3)a great/good deal用作副词短语时，可修饰形容词、副词比较级来加强程度，也可以作状语修饰动词。
四、一词多义——语境中辨词义(对应右栏词义填代码)
1.①Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry.Within seconds, he'd slid down the trunk and was back on the ground. ②She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident while she was cutting a potato. ③This leads to the sharp decrease of the animals' population. ④I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left. ⑤She planned to unlock the shop at 8：00 sharp the next morning. ⑥I got a seat opposite a middle aged man with sharp eyes，who kept watching a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap. 1.sharp A．adj.急剧的 B．adj.敏锐的 C．adj.锋利的 D．adv.(……点)整 E．adj.急转的 F．adj.声音突然而响亮的
2.①In 1971, China's first subway line in Beijing was formally put into operation. ②The police have launched a major operation against drug suppliers. ③I have been working in a huge multinational operation ever since graduation. ④With the help of sunshine, fresh air, and enough rest, the old man will quickly recover from the operation. ⑤Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient across the board. 2.operation A．n.手术 B．n.操作 C．n.运转；运行 D．n.(有组织的)活动；行动 E．n.公司；企业
数智赋能 随堂训练—用单元所学知识补全语段
(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ· 阅读理解B篇)Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree.That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children.Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids.After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own.She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.She chose the UW Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four year degree close to home.She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68 year old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors.Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study.“Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers，” she says.However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree.Jennifer is a first generation graduate and an inspiration to her family — and that's pretty powerful.,
[真题评价]
1．What did Jennifer do after high school？( )
A．She helped her dad with his work.
B．She ran the family farm on her own.
C．She supported herself through college.
D．She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
2．Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield？( )
A．To take care of her kids easily.
B．To learn from the best nurses.
C．To save money for her parents.
D．To find a well paid job there.
3．What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal？( )
A．Her health.
B．Her time with family.
C．Her reputation.
D．Her chance of promotion.
4．What can we learn from Jennifer's story？( )
A．Time is money.
B．Love breaks down barriers.
C．Hard work pays off.
D．Education is the key to success.
[语篇精读]
一、理文脉，把握文章大意
本文是一篇记叙文，采用了“倒叙式”的语篇模式。
二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义)
①(合成词)Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree.
②(熟词生义)That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
③(一词多义)Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids.
④(一词多义)She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing.
2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思)
①earn a nursing degree
②attend college
③set aside
④pay for
⑤help with
⑥take care of
⑦an inspiration to
三、析难句，破解阅读障碍
1．After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.
抓标志：连词
判类型：主句(含一个作状语的分词短语)＋原因状语从句
试翻译：高中毕业后，詹妮弗进入了当地的一所技术学院，打工支付学费，因为(家里)没有多余的钱供她上大学。
2．Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68 year old mother helped take care of the children at times.
抓标志：连词 ；并列连词
判类型：主从复合句(含一个时间状语从句＋and连接的并列句)
试翻译：詹妮弗在努力攻读学位的过程中得到了家人的大力支持：她的丈夫打两份工来支付账单，她68岁的母亲有时会帮忙照顾孩子。
由教材典句，学高级表达
句式1 “否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级意义
|解|读|规|则|
(1)“否定词＋比较级”结构，意为“没有比……更……的了；没有像……一样……的了”，常用的否定词有no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。
(2)可表示最高级意义的其他结构还有：
①比较级＋than＋
②can/could＋never/not＋be＋
|习|练|规|则| (用“否定词＋比较级”改写)
①We do believe that you are the most suitable for this competition.
→We do believe that there is for this competition.
②The best thing is being praised by my teacher before my classmates.
→There is being praised by my teacher before my classmates.
③He is the most kind hearted person I have ever met.
→I than him before.
|应|用|写|美|
④(语言描写)“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。
“ ！” the mother responded excitedly.
⑤(情感描写)我们紧紧拥抱在一起，特里含泪低语道：“没有人比你更值得拥有这一切。”
We hugged each other tightly and Terry whispered in tears, “ .”
句式2 see的拟人用法
|解|读|规|则|
(1)see意为“见证；目睹；经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪等或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地发生或经历了某事。
(2)与see用法相同的动词有find, witness等，这些词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的修辞手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。
|习|练|规|则| (变换句式)
①With the rapid development of economy, great changes have taken place in our city in the last few years.(用拟人的修辞手法升级)
→With the rapid development of economy, the last few years in our city.
②Many young Beijing people wear smartly tailored jackets and colorful sweaters in autumn.(用see升级句子)
→Autumn in smartly tailored jackets and colorful sweaters.
|应|用|写|美|
③(话题写作之活动介绍)国庆节目睹了人们在街上欢快地唱歌、跳舞，庆祝我们伟大祖国的生日。
National Day to celebrate our great motherland's birthday.
④(话题写作之体育运动)众所周知，2024年见证了第33届巴黎奥运会的成功举办。
As is known to all, the year 2024 of the 33rd Olympic Games in Paris.
建构语义场，丰富语料库
子语境(一) 道德困境
1．moral dilemma 道德困境
2．get in trouble 陷入麻烦
3．make difficult choices 做出困难选择
4．struggle with moral decisions 与道德决定作斗争
5．Before taking action, we should weigh the moral consequences carefully.
在采取行动之前，我们应该仔细权衡道德后果。
6．He managed to overcome moral obstacles and did the right thing. 他设法克服了道德障碍，做了正确的事。
子语境(二) 善良美德行为
1．be responsible for 对……负责
2．carry sb. through 使某人渡过难关
3．assist us to settle our troubles 帮助我们解决困难
4．Without any hesitation, Henry was determined to help the stranger.
亨利毫不犹豫地决心帮助这个陌生人。
5．I liked the kids, always trying to help them solve their problems.
我喜欢这些孩子们，总是尽力帮助他们解决问题。
子语境(三) 善良美德行为的感悟
1．in memory of him 为了纪念他
2．encourage more people to help others 鼓励更多的人来帮助他人
3．overflow with happiness 洋溢着幸福
4．Since then, Tom has brought his love and care to wherever he goes.
从那时起，汤姆无论去哪里，都带着他的爱和关心。
5．Her actions reflect the true meaning of selflessness and sacrifice.她的行为体现了无私和牺牲的真正意义。
6．I've learned from him that true generosity is not about what you give, but about the attitude with which you give it.
我从他身上学到：真正的慷慨不在于你给予了什么，而在于你给予时的态度。
主题微写作，勤练笔不辍
(一)应用单元所学补全语段(黑体字为单元词汇的复现)
Mr Qiu, who majored in English in the university, ① (被选为最美教师之一) in our school. He is so kind and energetic that we all respect him very much. Three years ago, he ② (被任命为班主任) of our class. The past three years
③ (见证了他为我们的付出). He is always the first
④ (帮助我们解决困难), for which we all admire him a lot. Not only is he ready to help others, but he even ⑤ (投入了大量的业余时间) to his work. He has tried his best to ⑥ (帮助我们渡过难关) whenever we are in need.With his assistance, we couldn't have done better.
(二)主题语段的细节描写训练
1．善良美德行为
Once, while traveling on a train, I noticed a man in a wheelchair ① (正艰难地上车). A young girl, seeing his dilemma, ② (立刻主动提供帮助). She
③ (帮助他上火车), ④ (拿着他的行李), and even found him a seat. Her actions were simple yet profoundly kind, ⑤ (反映了人性最美好的一面)．
2．对行为的感悟
At first Ryan was nervous, ① (不知道该说什么). But after confirming that he really ② (做出了改变) for these children, he felt a great warmth filled him. He broke into a joyful smile, believing ③ (没有什么比……更好了) the sense of ④ (由此带来的满足和自豪). Later, Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation ⑤ (鼓励更多人来帮助) the children.
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
[课堂学案·过词汇关]
一、变形词汇
1.replacement 2.memorize 3.retired 4.tendency
5.complaint 6.sharpen 7.energetic
二、重点词汇
1.①in ②is ③the/a majority of students consider
④are in the/a majority
2.①to ②response ③in response to your last letter
3.①appointed
②Learning he was appointed as/to be head of the team
③I have made/had an appointment with the dentist; Having made/had an appointment with the dentist
4.①scary; of ②I was nearly scared to death
③was scared to look at
5.①to find ②with/in ③came to their assistance. With the assistance of their father/With their father assisting them/With their father’s assistance
6.①does/causes harm to our health; is harmful to our health
②is harmful to/does harm to; there is no harm in getting rid of them
三、重点短语
①a great deal of; a great deal ②ran a great/good deal slower than the other kids; A good/great many (of)
四、一词多义
1.①F ②C ③A ④E ⑤D ⑥B 2.①C ②D ③E ④A ⑤B
[迁移应用·过阅读关]
[真题评价]
[价值导向] 本文是一篇记叙文。Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下,通过自己的努力,以及家人的帮助完成了四年大学学习,成功拿到了学位。文章旨在引导学生学习他人的优秀品质,学会正确面对自己的责任,塑造自己的美好品格。
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.C
[语篇精读]
二、1.①n.意志力,毅力 ②n.成果,结果 ③v.管理,经营
④v.促进,推动
2.①获得护理学位 ②上大学 ③拨出;留出 ④为……付款
⑤在某方面帮助(某人) ⑥照顾,照料 ⑦对……是一种激励
三、1.because 2.as and
[发展提升·过表达关]
由教材典句,学高级表达
[句式1] ①no one more suitable than you ②nothing better than ③have never met a more kind hearted person
④I have never had a more delicious breakfast than this one
⑤Nobody deserves this more than you
[句式2] ①have seen/witnessed great changes
②sees many young Beijing people
③saw/witnessed people singing and dancing happily in the streets
④saw/witnessed the success
主题微写作,勤练笔不辍
(一)①is elected as one of the most beautiful teachers
②was appointed as/to be head teacher
③have seen what he did for us ④to assist us to settle/in settling our troubles ⑤devotes a great deal of his spare time
⑥carry us through
(二)1.①struggling to board ②immediately offered her assistance
③helped him onto the train ④carried his belongings
⑤reflecting the best of human nature
2.①not knowing what to say ②had made a difference
③nothing is greater than
④satisfaction and pride coming from this
⑤to encourage more people to help
1 / 20必修3 UNIT 2 单元双测·课时作业(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
An important lesson in the moral education of children could be as close as the book in their hands.Stories matter.And they can play a role in building moral values in young audiences, according to the results of a new study.
Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study, which explores how media content influences children.Many studies done before have focused on wide concept, but Hahn’s study looks at how moral values might influence the kids’ values.Do children reading particular moral, characteristics take in those qualities and build their own morality The findings suggest so.
“Parents, caregivers, and teachers are often wondering how media can be used for good,” says Hahn.“How can it be used for good things How can it discourage bad habits How can it educate ” Answering those questions begins with a better understanding of how to use media.“When parents are considering what media they might want to select for their children, they can deliberate what particular moral value is being stressed by the main character, and how the main character is treated because of those actions,” she says.
For the study, Hahn and her workmates took the main character from a young adult novel.They wrote the content to reflect the study’s focus on moral values.Those stories were shared with about 200 participants between the ages of 10 and 14.This is a favorable range for media research because it’s more difficult to introduce the understanding of stories to younger kids, while challenging to hold the attention of older teenagers, who become bored with basic storylines, according to Hahn.
1.What is the result of the new study
A.Stories should be spread more by media.
B.Children like reading books full of funny stories.
C.Children have learned an important lesson from stories.
D.Stories help children to develop their own moral values.
2.What does Hahn’s study focus on
A.How children deal with media content.
B.How children are exposed to modern society.
C.How media content influences children’s moral values.
D.How children should deal with the moral values in stories.
3.What does the underlined word “deliberate” mean in paragraph 3
A.Consider. B.Describe. C.Improve. D.Demand.
4.Which is the best title for the text
A.The Young Can Build Good Moral Values Easily
B.It Is Difficult for the Young to Understand Moral Values
C.Stories Play an Important Role in the Young’s Moral Values
D.Scientists Find More Ways to Help the Young Build Moral Values
B
(2025·河南名校模拟)In a heart pounding display of courage and quick thinking, a 65 year old crane (起重机) operator became an unexpected hero as he rescued a man trapped on top of a towering building engulfed in flames.
Glen Edwards, a crane operator from Egham, was expressing his gratitude after a tense rescue operation in Reading last Thursday. Edwards found himself in a challenging situation as he navigated circling winds to save a man trapped by smoke and flames on a building. The dramatic rescue unfolded amid thick black smoke, making visibility nearly impossible.
When the alarm sounded, Edwards, who had a concrete skip on his crane, wasted no time the moment he spotted the distressed man waving his coat. Employing his experience and knowledge of the area, Edwards attached a metal cage to the crane, carefully considering his options for the rescue. However, the challenging conditions, with smoke sheltering his view, added an extra layer of difficulty to the operation.
With a colleague providing guidance and a concerned crowd watching from below, Edwards skillfully operated the crane to rescue the man. The onlookers erupted in cheers and applause as the man was safely lifted to the ground.
Reflecting on the intense experience, Edwards remarked, “It seemed to pass a long time until the man got inside. The adrenaline (肾上腺素) was pumping.” He admitted to experiencing shaking after the rescue, emphasizing the gravity of the situation.
Despite the successful operation, Edwards is yet to meet the man he saved, humorously noting, “He’s got to take me across the road for a drink!”
The heartwarming part of this story is the overwhelming support Edwards has received from well wishers. A fund raising page was set up to “buy Edwards a beer as a sign of gratitude,” initially aiming for ￡5,000 but now standing at an impressive ￡9,100. The community’s response has left Edwards deeply moved. He stated, “It means a lot; some of the comments have been absolutely fantastic.”
5.What does the underlined word “distressed” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A.Brave. B.Painful.
C.Enthusiastic. D.Disappointed.
6.Which of the following can best describe Edwards
A.Warm and Curious.
B.Caring and ambitious.
C.Professional and humorous.
D.Gifted and generous.
7.What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A.Sharp tools make good work.
B.One good turn descries another.
C.Actions speak louder than words.
D.Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
8.What is the text probably taken from
A.A diary entry. B.A medical magazine.
C.A news report. D.A first aid essay.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·湖北省T8联盟模拟)I would say I totally did it.
I could sound a(n) 9 to cause people to pay attention to the children with neurological (神经系统的) diseases. I could put my 10 as a dancer to perform on stage across the country in order to raise money for these children.
I have tried a lot, and also 11 a lot.
On the other day I went to 12 money we collected to those extremely sick children. They all 13 me happily and looked at me as if I had been their long lost family member, and one of them 14 held my hand, expressing his wish that I would come more often.
Therefore, I have made it my life 15 to help fight neurological diseases, and to inspire more young donors to participate in for 16 lives through arts.
I spend many weekends speaking at medical conferences to provide visibility (可见性) for the 17 ill children, so do my colleagues.
18 things can happen if the arts and medicine join forces. A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research, 19 the medical equipment, and providing home care services.
In these ways, the young 20 of our generation, along with our times, can come together and 21 a domino effect (多米诺骨牌效应) that we’ve been dreaming about.
I have learned that the 22 work is not something reserved for adults. I am 16 years old and I am responsible for my fellows. What happens to each of us 23 us all. I’ve only just begun to learn how to care about others.
9.A.word B.explosion
C.threat D.alarm
10.A.energies B.talents
C.risks D.spirits
11.A.asked B.responded
C.gained D.won
12.A.deliver B.raise
C.make D.accept
13.A.glared at B.smiled at
C.laughed at D.shouted at
14.A.toughly B.securely
C.firmly D.confidently
15.A.goal B.stage
C.journey D.chance
16.A.decorating B.taking
C.living D.saving
17.A.simply B.frequently
C.desperately D.widely
18.A.Foolish B.Extraordinary
C.Funny D.Normal
19.A.throwing B.comparing
C.supplying D.carrying
20.A.donors B.tourists
C.customers D.employers
21.A.design B.reduce
C.increase D.create
22.A.remarkable B.reasonable
C.considerable D.charitable
23.A.affects B.embarrasses
C.interests D.puzzles
必修3 UNIT 2 单元双测·课时作业(二)
(Ⅰ、Ⅱ题在答题区内答题,Ⅲ题在题后直接作答)
Ⅰ.阅读七选五
(2025·西安模拟)Perseverance is the secret of success. 1 Even if a person is not very talented, nor highly knowledgeable, but of an average merit (优点), still he can succeed in life simply by his perseverance. Every action has its reaction. So hard labour has no alternative. It must yield (产生) results.
A person who is highly intelligent, and a scholarly genius, but is lethargic (懒散的) by nature, and reluctant to diligence, can hardly prosper in life, because he does not know how to use his brain and labour in the right direction. 2 Say, the lofty monuments, the palaces, the cities, the buildings etc. — all were built only by long and hard labour. “Rome was not built in a day”. It is through perseverance of thousands of diligent men that such magnificent structures can be standing.
3 Science, architecture, literature, music — in every aspect of life — perseverance is the root cause of success and glory. Shakespeare did not compose such substantial works just in a day. He had to work hard during days and nights with tremendous perseverance to create such great masterpieces.
Modern scientists also work hard for years to succeed. 4 If one looks at his own life, he can very well understand that whatever he has so far gained, he has gained it only by his hard labour, and not by chance or magic, or by someone’s grace.
Therefore, perseverance must be practised from the very childhood so that the noble habit becomes a part and parcel of one’s life. With that great advantage or goodwill, a man can walk easily on the risky road of his life’s journey. 5
A.It is crucial to keep growing.
B.And success will likely be his and his only.
C.Without it, no great achievement is possible.
D.Nothing can stop them from achieving their goals.
E.In human life, perseverance plays a very important role.
F.They carry on their experiments day and night for years together.
G.In this world, all the great things have been made or constructed only by perseverance.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025·南昌模拟)As one of the most populous nations in the world with an ancient history, China has always attracted foreigners. Even though it is a 1 (rise) political and economic power, China still has an extensive need of volunteers in its poorer areas.
From either volunteering in a hospital 2 teaching English, to working in a Panda conservatory, volunteering in China will allow you to get involved in 3 (meaning) ways while learning about Chinese culture. It’s an exciting and 4 (personal) inspiring experience and results in more active global citizens.
I used to have a strong 5 (curious) about how Chinese students study in real life. Luckily, last year I 6 (give) a voluntary chance and went to a Chinese school in a small city in Yunnan, 7 I felt and listened to their school life in person. This was 8 extremely impressive experience. I made a lot of foreign friends there and learned Mandarin from them. We really had a good time there. I strongly suggest that teens all should go abroad to see their peers’ life. They’ll find later that this 9 (shape) their ways of thinking and doing. 10 all aspects I think this program is definitely worth a try.
Ⅲ.读后续写 精品课件·名师析题
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Alice and her family went on a camping trip along the seaside.Upon arrival, Dad called for a meeting.He announced, “There are lots of jobs to be done.It’s no fun on holiday if Mum and I do all the work, so I come up with this pocket money chart.In this way, everyone has to do something, and you must do your own jobs every day! If you do your jobs well, you get some extra pocket money!”
Looking at the chart, which had their names on it next to a list of jobs, the kids frowned at the idea. Unwillingly, they began to do their jobs.Alice washed up the dishes.Mike, the youngest brother, dried the dishes.Jeff, Alice’s twin brother, took their dog for a walk.
The next day they went to the beach.After playing some time in the sea, they went to look for shells along the beach.Suddenly, Alice found a strange looking rock.She picked it up and showed it to Dad. “You’ve found a fossil (化石)! It was once a shellfish and has turned into a rock after millions of years!” Dad said happily. Greatly inspired, Alice continued her search, determined to find a better one, but she failed. Darkness fell, and Alice had to head back to the campsite with her family in disappointment.On the way back they stopped at a shop, where Alice spotted some amazing fossils! But soon she found they were too expensive!
Back at the camp, Alice was still thinking of the amazing fossils in the shop. Suddenly an idea occurred to her, “I’ll do everyone’s jobs and then I can get all the extra pocket money to buy a fossil!” The next morning, Alice offered to dry the dishes and walk the dog, which greatly pleased Mike and Jeff.But things didn’t go as Alice planned.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
When Dad saw Alice walking the dog, he was confused.
Later that morning, Mike and Jeff approached Alice when they found she was unhappy.
必修 3 UNIT 2
课时作业(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[A]
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。根据一项新的研究结果,故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观的建设中发挥作用。
1.选D 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,这项新研究的结果是故事帮助孩子们发展自己的道德价值观。
2.选C 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Lindsay Hahn is the first author of the new study ...but Hahn’s study looks at how moral values might influence the kids’ values.”可知,Hahn的研究重点是媒体内容如何影响儿童的道德价值观。
3.选A 词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词所在句可知,当父母考虑为孩子选择什么样的媒体时,他们可以考虑主角强调了什么特定的道德价值,以及主角因那些行为而受到怎样的对待,因此deliberate的意思是“考虑”,和consider意思相近。
4.选C 标题归纳题。通读全文,尤其是第一段可知,本文主要讲的是根据一项新的研究结果,故事可以在年轻听众的道德价值观的建设中发挥作用,因此最好的标题是C选项。
[B]
语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了起重机操作员Glen Edwards拯救了一名被困在失火的高楼楼顶的男子,后来他自己也得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。
5.选B 词义猜测题。根据第一段“In a heart pounding display ...in flames.”以及第二段“Edwards found himself ...on a building.”可知,这名男子被困在火中,结合常识可知,被困在火中的人会感觉痛苦,画线词distressed表示“痛苦的”,与painful意义相近。故选B。
6.选C 推理判断题。根据第三段“Employing his experience and knowledge of the area, Edwards attached a metal cage to the crane, carefully considering his options for the rescue.”、第四段“Edwards skillfully operated the crane to rescue the man.”以及第六段“Despite the successful ... for a drink!”可推知,爱德华兹具备专业技能,并且具有幽默感。故选C。
7.选B 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,做了好事的爱德华兹得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。由此推知,好人有好报。故选B。
8.选C 推理判断题。根据第二段“Glen Edwards, a crane operator from Egham, was expressing his gratitude after a tense rescue operation in Reading last Thursday.”以及文章内容可知,本文报道了起重机操作员Glen Edwards拯救了一名被困在失火的高楼楼顶的男子,后来他自己也得到了社区人们的筹款和大力支持。由此推知,文章出自一篇新闻报道。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了作者以舞蹈作为媒介,为患有神经系统疾病的儿童筹集资金,将帮助对抗神经系统疾病作为人生目标,并激励更多年轻人参与到慈善工作中。
9.选D 根据下文“to cause people to pay attention to the children with neurological (神经系统的) diseases”可知,此处表示作者发出警报(alarm),通过这种方式提醒人们关注患有神经系统疾病的儿童。
10.选B 根据下文“as a dancer to perform on stage across the country”可知,此处表示作者发挥作为一名舞者的才能(talents)。故选B。
11.选C 根据下文“On the other day I went to money we collected to those extremely sick children.”可知,作者收获(gained)了很多。故选C。
12.选A 根据下文“money we collected to those extremely sick children”可知,作者给病重的孩子们递送(deliver)筹集到的钱款。
13.选B 根据下文“me happily and looked at me as if I had been their long lost family member”可知,作者给他们送来筹集的钱,他们都很开心,对着作者微笑(smiled at)。故选B。
14.选C 根据下文“held my hand, expressing his wish that I would come more often”以及语境可知,孩子们很开心,看着作者就好像作者是他们失散多年的亲人,所以此处表示其中一个孩子紧紧地(firmly)握着作者的手。故选C。
15.选A 根据上文“They all me happily ... would come more often.”以及语境可知,作者感受到了得到帮助的孩子们的开心和感激,由此推测此处表示作者将帮助对抗神经系统疾病作为自己的人生目标(goal)。故选A。
16.选D 根据下文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research”可知,作者希望通过自己的行为激励更多的年轻捐助者拯救(saving)生命。故选D。
17.选C 根据下文“ill children”可知,生病的孩子们极其(desperately)需要帮助。故选C。
18.选B 根据下文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research, the medical equipment, and providing home care services.”可知,如果艺术和医学联合起来,非凡的(Extraordinary)事情会发生。故选B。
19.选C 根据上文“A life can be saved somewhere in the world with funding research”可知,通过提供(supplying)医疗设备挽救生命。
20.选A 根据上文“and to inspire more young donors to participate in for lives through arts”可知,此处表示年轻的捐助者(donors)。故选A。
21.选D 根据下文“a domino effect (多米诺骨牌效应) that we’ve been dreaming about”以及语境可知,年轻一代人可以创造(create)多米诺骨牌效应。故选D。
22.选D 根据上文第二段最后一句以及“I have made it my life to help ... lives through arts.”可知,作者为孩子们筹集资金,并激励更多年轻捐助者参与到拯救生命的活动中,这是慈善性质的(charitable)工作。故选D。
23.选A 根据下文“I’ve only just begun to learn how to care about others.”以及语境可知,此处表示发生在每个人身上的事情都会影响(affects)所有人。故选A。
课时作业(二)
Ⅰ.阅读七选五
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章强调了毅力对于个人成功的重要性。
1.选C 根据空前的“Perseverance is the secret of success.”和空后的“Even if a person ... by his perseverance.”可知,此处需要一个句子来补充说明毅力的重要性。C项“没有它,就不可能有伟大的成就。”直接指出了没有毅力就不可能取得伟大的成就,符合上下文语境。it指代上文中的Perseverance。
2.选G 根据空后的“Say, the lofty monuments, the palaces, the cities, the buildings etc. — all were built only by long and hard labour. ‘Rome was not built in a day’.”可知,下文通过举例说明世界上所有伟大的事物都是通过长期的辛勤劳动和毅力建造的。G项“在这个世界上,所有伟大的事物都是靠毅力创造或建造的。”强调了所有伟大事物的建立都需要毅力,与下文内容相一致。
3.选E 设空位于本段段首。根据空后“Science, architecture, literature, music — in every aspect of life — perseverance is the root cause of success and glory.”可知,本段强调了无论在哪个领域,无论是科学、建筑、文学还是音乐,毅力都是成功和荣耀的根本原因。因此,E项“在人类生活中,毅力起着非常重要的作用。”符合该段的主题,强调了毅力在各个领域中的重要性。
4.选F 根据上文“Modern scientists also work hard for years to succeed.”可知,现代科学家需要多年的辛勤工作才能成功。空后的句子“ If one looks at ... by someone’s grace.”则强调了成功是通过努力而不是偶然获得的。因此,F项“多年来,他们夜以继日地一起进行实验。”衔接上下文,描述了科学家为了成功而付出的努力。F项中的 They指代上文的Modern scientists。
5.选B 设空处在段尾,此处需要一个句子作为段落的总结,强调毅力对个人成功的影响。B项“成功很可能是他唯一的。”强调了毅力是个人成功的关键,这与上文提到的“With that great advantage or goodwill, a man can walk easily on the risky road of his life’s journey. ”相呼应。
Ⅱ.语法填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者来到中国云南的一座城市当志愿者的经历和感悟。
1.rising 考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中为非谓语动词,作定语修饰名词power, power与动词rise之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,表示“正在崛起”,应用现在分词,故填rising。
2.or 考查连词。由空前的either 可知,设空处应填并列连词or。
3.meaningful 考查形容词。设空处在句中作定语,修饰名词ways,应用形容词,故填meaningful。
4.personally 考查副词。设空处在句中作状语,修饰形容词inspiring,应用副词形式,故填personally。
5.curiosity 考查名词。短语have a strong curiosity about sth.意为“对某事有强烈的好奇心”,故填curiosity。
6.was given 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语动词,由时间状语“last year”可知,时态为一般过去时,且单数主语I与动词give之间为被动关系。故填was given。
7.where 考查定语从句。句子分析可知,“ I felt and listened to their school life in person”为非限制性定语从句,设空处指代先行词a small city in Yunnan,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where。
8.an 考查冠词。句中experience表示“经历”,为可数名词,此处指“一次经历”,表示泛指。空后extremely的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。
9.will shape 考查时态。设空处在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语动词,由主句中“They’ll find”可知,从句为一般将来时,故填will shape。
10.In 考查介词。in all aspects 表示“在各个方面”。设空处置于句首,首字母大写。故填In。
Ⅲ.读后续写(参考范文)
When Dad saw Alice walking the dog, he was confused.Obviously, he was not happy about this.When Alice came back, Dad asked why she was doing Jeff’s job.Alice said very slowly, “I ...I just want to earn all the extra pocket money to buy that fossil in the shop.” “I’m sorry, Alice. I’m afraid you can’t.You all have to do the jobs — not just you.The point is that we share the jobs.” Dad said firmly. Hearing what Dad said, Alice felt disappointed and sad. She thought it was unfair that Dad didn’t think highly of her hard work.
Later that morning, Mike and Jeff approached Alice when they found she was unhappy.They presented a small box and urged her to open it. Alice had no idea what was going on, but seeing her two brothers’ eyes twinkling with eagerness, she opened it.The moment she saw what was inside, Alice jumped up with joy. It was her brothers’ extra pocket money, with which she could afford one of the fossils she dreamed about! She threw her arms around her brothers, tears welling up in her eyes. Jeff said, “Dad told us your plan.” It dawned on Alice that Dad was trying to tell her that rules are rules but love between family members never fails.
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