词汇 含义 延伸拓展
barren adj.贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果实的
frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 freeze v．(使)冻结；感觉很冷；(因害怕等)停住不动 [派]freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指 [派]implication n．含义；暗示；影响
dimension n.方面，侧面；规模，程度；维
grasp n.理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解；毫不犹豫地抓住(机会)
detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出 [派]detective n．侦探
rhyme n.押韵词；押韵 vt.使押韵 vi.和……同韵
complex adj.复杂的，难懂的 n.建筑群；复合体；情结
dig up 发现，搜集，查明
clue n.线索，提示；迹象 [派]clueless adj.一无所知的；一窍不通的
cage vt.把(动物)关在笼中 n.笼子
trill n.(鸟的)啼啭；颤音 vt.欢快地高声说 vi.发颤音
interpret vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译 [派]interpretation n．解释；理解；演绎 interpreter n．演绎者；口译译员
patience n.耐心，忍耐力 patient adj.能忍耐的，有耐心的 n．病人 [派]patiently adv.耐心地 with patience(＝patiently)耐心地 lose/run out of patience失去耐心；不耐烦 be patient with sb/sth对某人(或某事)有耐心
aside adv.到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外 set sth aside把……放一边；留出
remote adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
constantly adv.始终，一直 constant adj.重复的；不变的
logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的 [派]logically adv.符合逻辑地
inner adj.内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的
perceive vt.注意到，意识到；将……理解为/视为
reality n.现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历 real adj.真正的；确实的；实际存在的 [派]really adv.(表明事实或真相)真正地；实际上 in reality事实上，实际上
mist n.薄雾，水汽 [派]misty adj.多雾的；模糊的
novelist n.小说家 novel n．小说 adj.新颖的
break with sth 与某事终止关联，破除
ideal n.理想；典范 adj.完美的，理想的
rigid adj.死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的
undergo vt.(underwent，undergone) 经历，经受 [同]go through，experience
belief n.信仰；看法，信念；相信，信心 [派]believe vt.相信 believable adj.可以相信的 unbelievable adj.难以置信的 beyond belief令人难以置信 hold the firm belief that...坚信…… There is a common/wide/popular belief that...人们普遍认为……
district n.区，行政区；地区，区域
diverge vi.分叉，岔开；分歧，相异；偏离
bend vi.& vt.(bent，bent)(使)拐弯，弯曲；弯腰 n.拐弯，弯道
tread vi.& vt.(trod，trodden)踩，踏；踩碎，践踏；行走，步行
sigh n.& vi.叹气，叹息 let out a sigh发出叹息 breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气；如释重负 sigh with relief舒了口气
hence adv.因此，由此 [同]thus，therefore，consequently
dare vi.& vt.敢于，胆敢；激(某人做某事)
striking adj.引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的
legend n.传说，传奇故事；传奇人物
encounter vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到 n.相遇，遭遇，冲突
nourish vt.培养，助长；抚养，滋养
glorious adj.荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的 glory n．光荣，荣誉；壮丽，辉煌；荣耀的事
boom n.(贸易和经济活动的)激增，繁荣 vi.迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛
stability n.稳定(性)，稳固(性) stable adj.稳定的；牢固的；稳重的 [派]stably adv.稳定地
unconstrained adj.不受约束的，自由的
vitality n.生命力，活力，热情 breathe vitality into给……注入活力
metaphor n.暗喻，隐喻
representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n.典型人物，代表性人物；代表 represent vt.代表；代理；表示；象征
frost n.霜；霜冻，严寒天气
cast vt.(cast，cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 n.全体演员；投，抛 (be) cast down沮丧的
debt n.人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务 in debt欠债 out of debt不欠债 pay off one’s debts还清债务
fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住 [派]fascinating adj.迷人的；令人着迷的；引人入胜的
entitle vt.(usually passive)给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格 title n．题目，标题；头衔；称谓；职称
allowance n.津贴，补助；限额；零花钱 make allowance for体谅；考虑到，估计到
triumph n.巨大成功，重大成就，伟大胜利 vi.打败，战胜，成功
impostor n.冒名顶替者，冒名行骗者
unforgiving adj.不饶人的，不宽容的；棘手的 forgive v．原谅；宽恕；饶恕 [派]forgiving adj.宽容的；宽恕的
characterize (also characterise) vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画 character n．性格，品质；特色，特征；人物，角色；文字，字体
Confucianism n.儒家，儒学，孔子学说 Confucius n．孔子 [派]Confucian adj.儒家的，儒学的，孔子学说的
Taoism n.道教，道家
积累——构词法 学一法 会一类
1．动词后缀-ise/ize：表示“成为；使；使像；以……方式说或对待”。characterize是由character加动词后缀-ize组成。类似的还有：symbolize vt.象征；memorize vt.记住；apologize vi.道歉；industrialize v．使工业化；modernize vt.使现代化。
2．名词后缀-ism：一般表示“主义、论、学说、体系、宗教、行为、结果、状态、性质、疾病”。如：communism n．共产主义；socialism n．社会主义；atomism n．原子论；Buddhism n．佛教；criticism n．批评；heroism n．英勇；alcoholism n．酒精中毒症。
(1)These groups view immigration reform as something that should quickly legalize/legalise(legal) as many people as possible.
(2)Sooner or later virtual reality will revolutionize/revolutionise(revolution) the entertainment industry.
(3)The famous Olympian，who had studied figure skating in Europe，returned to the U．S.and popularized/popularised(popular) the sport.
(4)As such，it competes with other metaphysical(形而上学的) theories like materialism.唯物主义
(5)This film presents pure escapism，but as a matter of fact，we must accept reality bravely.逃避现实，逃避主义
(6)In the contemporary Western world，rapidly changing styles cater to a desire for novelty and individualism.个人至上，个人主义
1．We are faced with two apparently contradictory statements.相互矛盾的
2．In the industrialized countries，environmental problems are generally related to industrialization and technological development.工业化
3．The era when foreign goods flooded the Chinese market is gone for ever.时代
4．This classic advertisement attracted numerous music lovers who became regulars.许多的
5．The Statue of Liberty towers above the harbor of New York.自由
6．It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience a refreshing air.居民
7．Speakers for the group claimed，with exaggeration，that even back-yard barbecues and kitchen stoves would be taxed.夸张
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
1．reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金(rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的)
·reward sb with...用……奖赏某人 ·as a reward for...作为对……的奖励/回报 in reward for为报答……；作为……的奖赏
(1)Rewarded with her favorite snack from Katherine，Maya was overwhelmed with an immense sense of delight.
(2)Not only did the activity make us gain deeper insights into traditional Chinese culture，but it also raised our awareness of protecting cultural heritage.What a rewarding(reward) day!
(3)我转身向出租车司机挥手告别，心里想，我会给他买一份礼物，以回报他对我的慷慨帮助。
(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
I turned around and waved goodbye to the taxi driver，thinking in my mind that I would buy him a gift in reward for/as a reward for his generous help to me.
2．advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
advocate sth提倡/拥护/支持某事 advocate sb doing sth提倡 某人 做某事 advocate that...主张/提倡……[从句谓语动词用“ should＋ 动词原形”] It is advocated that...主张/提倡……[从句谓语动词用“ should＋ 动词原形”]
(1)Scientists advocated raising(raise) public awareness of preserving the precious heritage.
(2)I advocate everyone making(make) it their duty to make a contribution to protecting the environment.
(3)提倡人人过低碳生活来保护我们的环境。(话题写作之环境与自然)
It is advocated that all people live a low-carbon life to protect our environment.
(4)我们提倡学校里的每个人都向地震灾区捐一些钱。(应用文写作之倡议书)
We advocate everyone in our school donating some money to/advocate that everyone in our school (should) donate some money to the area struck by the earthquake.
3．claim vt.声称，宣称；要求；索取；获得；夺去(生命) n．声称，宣称；所有权；索赔
claim that/to do...声称…… claim to have done sth声称做过某事 claim for/make a claim for sth就……提出要求；提出赔偿……的要求 It is claimed that...据称……；据说……
(1)The government claimed to provide(provide) allowance for people who made great contributions to our country.
(2)The company has made a claim for damages caused by the delay of delivery.
(3)He claimed that he had found a mysterious star through a telescope.
→He claimed to have found a mysterious star through a telescope.
(4)据说海洋正在遭受严重的污染。到了我们致力于保护它的时候了。
(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
It is claimed that the ocean is suffering serious pollution.It’s high time that we should devote ourselves to protecting it.
4．tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的(tolerate vt.容忍；允许；忍受 tolerance n．容忍；忍耐力)
·be tolerant of/towards对……容忍/宽容 ·tolerate (sb/sb’s) doing...容忍(某人)做…… “容忍；忍受”的其他表达还有：stand，bear，endure，put up with
(1)To be honest，my tolerance is not limitless，so I will not be always tolerant of your constantly being late.(tolerate)
(2)由于我们无法容忍人们乱扔垃圾，我们将发起一场活动呼吁人们保护环境。(应用文写作之倡议书)
As we can not tolerate people throwing garbage around，a campaign is to be launched to appeal to people to protect the surroundings.
(3)懂得如何宽容他人，设身处地为他人着想，自然能带来与他人的和谐关系。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Knowing how to tolerate/be tolerant of/towards others and putting yourself in others’ shoes can naturally lead to a harmonious relationship with others.
5．distinguish vt.& vi.区分，辨别；成为……的特征，使有别于；使出众；认出(distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的；高贵的；受尊重的)
·distinguish between A and B 区分A和B distinguish...from...使……有别于……；把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself (as)(作为……而)出名；使自己出众 ·be distinguished for...因……而出名 be distinguished as...作为……而出名
(1)They can even distinguish their mother’s voice from that of a female stranger.
(2)She has already distinguished herself(she) as a great volleyball coach in the world.
(3)The woman distinguished as a writer for her latest science fiction agreed that reading good books can teach us to distinguish between right and wrong.
(4)杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名，每年都吸引大量的游客。(应用文写作之推荐信)
①Hangzhou is distinguished for its fascinating scenery，attracting large numbers of tourists every year.
②Distinguished for its fascinating scenery，Hangzhou attracts large numbers of tourists every year.(形容词短语作状语)
6．owe vt.欠(情)，欠(债)；归功于；归因于
·owe sb sth ＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物；把某事归功于某人 owe it to sb that...把……归功于某人 owe it to sb to do sth该为了某人而做某事 ·owing to由于
(1)本周日我不能和你去郊游，我得向你道歉。
I owe an apology to you/owe you an apology for failing to go outing with you this Sunday.
(2)大卫在终点线气喘吁吁地说道：“正是因为您的鼓励，我才能够克服内心的恐惧，在越野赛中挑战自我。”(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David was out of breath at the finishing line，saying，“It is owing to your encouragement that I can overcome my internal fear and challenge myself in the cross-country run.”
(3)我把我在英语学习上的巨大进步归功于您，任何语言都不足以表达我衷心的感谢。(应用文写作之感谢信)
I owe my great progress in English learning to you/I owe it to you that I have made great progress in English learning，and no words are strong enough to express my heartfelt gratitude.
7．blame n．责任，责备，指责 vt.责怪，指责，把……归咎于
·take/bear the blame for...对……负责；为……承担责任 put/lay the blame for sth on sb把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人 ·blame sb for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人 blame sth on sb把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for sth)(对某事)负有责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
(1)不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人。你应该为失败承担责任。(读后续写之升华句)
Don’t always put/lay the blame for your own failure on/blame your own failure on others.You should take/bear the blame for failure.
(2)当和他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责他人。(话题写作之人际交往)
When getting along with others，we shouldn’t always blame others for mistakes/blame mistakes on others/put/lay the blame for mistakes on others.After all，many times we are also to blame.So instead of blaming others，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
1．Second，approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.(as if 从句中的虚拟语气)
第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。
2．As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning，it will have been worth your effort.(as long as 引导条件状语从句)
只要读诗之旅能让你有所感触，或使你领悟到另一层含义，那你的努力就是值得的。
3．It is believed that this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years.(It＋be＋过去分词＋that...)
人们认为这首诗是李白十几岁时写的。
4．Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel，Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.(过去分词短语作状语)
在强烈的探险欲和游历欲的驱使下，李白二十几岁便离家去周游。
5．Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings，which breathes vitality into lifeless objects he describes，and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.(全部倒装，定语从句)
同样令人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发，这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机，也让他有别于其他山水诗人。
6．With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language，Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.(with介词短语作原因状语)
超尘脱俗的想象、强烈情感的自由抒发和对语言的精通，使李白被公认为继屈原之后的最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。
7．Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
相比容易理解的诗，那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。
·本句中不定式to understand是主动形式表示被动意义，不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系； ·常用于此结构的形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。
(1)即使这个问题很难解决，我也没有放弃，因为我坚信“有志者，事竟成”。
Even though/if the problem was difficult to solve，I didn’t give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will，there is a way.”
(2)我不仅容易相处而且我也乐意帮助处在困境中的人。(应用文写作之自荐/申请信)
①I am not only easy to get along/on with but also willing to help others in trouble.
②Not only am I easy to get along/on with but I am also willing to help others in trouble.(部分倒装)
用法点拨 在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每空1分，共8分)
1．numerous adj.众多的，许多的
2．industrialization n．工业化
3．era n．时代，年代
4．liberty n．自由
5．contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的
6．unconstrained adj.不受约束的，自由的
7．dweller n．居民，居住者
8．exaggeration n．夸张，夸大
Ⅱ.重点单词(每空1分，共12分)
1．grasp n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解
2．remote adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
3．encounter vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到 n．相遇，遭遇，冲突
4．mist n．薄雾，水汽
5．allowance n．津贴，补助；限额，零花钱
6．sigh n．& vi.叹气，叹息
7．owe vt.欠(情)，欠(债)；归功于；归因于
8．claim vt.声称，宣称；索取；要求；获得 n．声明，宣称；所有权；索赔
9．cast vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 n．全体演员；投，抛
10．debt n．人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务
11．advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
12．blame n．责任，责备，指责 vt.责怪，指责，把……归咎于
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每空1分，共20分)
1．imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→implication n．含义；暗示；影响
2．representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物；代表→represent vt.代表；象征
3．logical adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→logically adv.符合逻辑地
4．frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的→freeze v．(使)冻结；感觉很冷；(因害怕等)停住不动→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
5．novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说 adj.新颖的
6．distinguish vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，辨别；认出；使出众→distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的
7．stability n．稳定(性)，稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的；牢固的；稳重的→stably adv.稳定地
8．belief n．信仰；看法，信念；相信，信心→believe vt.相信→believable adj.可以相信的→unbelievable adj.难以置信的
Ⅳ.核心短语(每空1分，共6分)
1．make allowance for体谅；考虑到，估计到
2．break with sth与某事终止关联，破除
3．dig up发现，搜集，查明
4．as long as只要
5．breathe vitality into给……注入活力
6．set sth aside 把……放一边；留出
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每空1.5分，共27分)
1．The place of interest is so fascinating that many tourists are fascinated by its beautiful scenery.(fascinate)
2．The doctor patiently listened to the patient，and told him that the treatment needed patience.(patient)
3．My friend constantly accompanies me to the gym，and without his constant company，I may have given up working out halfway.(constant)
4．Her childhood dream became a reality，which really made her parents proud of her.(real)
5．It turned out to be an unforgettable and rewarding experience，which rewarded us with many benefits.(reward)
6．I admire you for your tolerance，because you are tolerant of things that can’t be tolerated.(tolerate)
7．He preferred to be assigned something that is more difficult to do(do)．
8．Present at the meeting yesterday were(be) Mr Li，Mr Wang and many other teachers.
9．In making scientific experiments，one should not be cast down by temporary setbacks.
10．To lessen economic losses，I strongly advocate making(make) a scientific plan in advance.
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共12分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.旨在丰富学生的校园生活，我们学校将于本周五下午举办“唐诗朗诵比赛”。(过去分词短语作状语) 2.要求每位参加者在5分钟内背诵一首唐诗。(it＋be＋过去分词＋that) 3.任何对本项比赛有兴趣的人都可以在学校网站上报名。(定语从句) 4.同样重要的是不要错过最后期限——10月5日。(全部倒装) NOTICE 1.Aimed at enriching students’ campus life，a “Tang Poetry Recitation Contest” is to be held in our school this Friday afternoon. By taking part in the activity，students in our school will acquire the wisdom of the glorious Chinese civilization and promote their love of China.2.It is required that each participant(should) recite a Tang poem within 5 minutes.3.Anybody who is interested in the contest can sign up for it on the school website.4.Equally important is not missing the deadline —October 5th. Looking forward to your participation！ Students’ Council
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．In striking① contrast to their brothers，the twin sisters had striking② good looks.
①adj.显著的 ②adj.标致的
2．The artist bent① the wire into the shape of a heart，and then bent② down to place it at the bend③ in the road.
①vt.使弯曲 ②vi.弯腰 ③n.拐弯
3．The man who claimed① first prize in yesterday’s competition was claimed② in the car accident and his wife claimed③ on the insurance，and the insurance company claimed④ to deal with the matter as soon as possible.
①v.获得，赢得 ②v.夺去(生命) ③v.索要
④v.声称，宣称
4．In repaying his debt① of gratitude，John offered a helping hand，clearing the financial debt② his friend owed.
①n.人情债，恩情，情义 ②n.债务
5．Having fully grasped① the skills and precautions of mountain climbing，he grasped② the rope firmly and began his climbing.His quick grasp③ of knowledge allowed him to grasp④ the opportunity to reach the summit first.
①v.理解，领会 ②v.抓紧 ③n.理解，领会
④v.毫不犹豫地抓住(机会)
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．I’m writing to invite my foreign friend to visit the exhibition in reward for his help to me.
2．Some people can’t tolerate exposing(expose) themselves to the sunlight for too much time.
3．It is claimed(claim) that this campaign is intended to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.
4．It’s advocated that long-standing traditions (should) be preserved(preserve) despite the changes of modern values.
5.As opposed to the police，many witnesses said the car driver was to blame(blame) for this traffic accident.
6．The man owes his success in architecture to his wife’s support and encouragement.
7．It is believed that all outstanding achievements come from years of hard work.
8．Yuan Longping was distinguished(distinguish) for his devotion to his lifelong career.
9．The morning air，full of the fragrance of flowers，was fresh to breathe(breathe)．
10．More generally，the Internet functions as if it were(be) my memory and its function is particularly striking when I need to check facts.
Ⅲ.语法填空 语境串记单元词汇
When I was a baby，my mother used to read me nursery rhymes characterized by fun and interest.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory,1.but they are easy to learn and recite.They can also display the 2.hidden(hide) beauty of simple and ordinary things.
Slowly，I fell in love with poetry.Poetry 3.implies(imply) a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.So I often perceive myself to be 4.an explorer.It is exciting to encounter poems filled with striking images.5.Interpreting(interpret) poetry can be difficult but interesting.At the beginning，to understand a poem is so difficult 6.that I want to abandon，but I know I have to be 7.patient(patience)．I will not 8.be rewarded(reward) immediately.However，when I finally grasp its meaning，it will stay with me for a long time.Also，when I read poetry regularly，I will 9.constantly(constant) discover new things—even in poems that I have read many times before.Reading poetry is like trying to detect and dig 10.up a treasure.I can use a poem as a treasure map that will eventually guide me to exciting new discoveries.
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友温迪(Wendy)非常喜欢唐诗，她来信让你推荐一位唐朝著名诗人的诗歌。请你给她写一封回信，内容包括： 1．简要介绍这位诗人；2.其诗歌的特点。
完成句子
1．听说你对唐诗很感兴趣并渴望更好地了解唐诗，我非常高兴。(fascinate)
2．李白因其非凡的想象力、强烈感情的自由表达和对语言的掌握，作为继屈原后最伟大的浪漫主义诗人而闻名。(distinguish，with介词短语作原因状语)
3．至于他的诗歌，有些揭露了社会的现实，另一些则表达了他的复杂的个人情感，这些情感很难被发现。(expose，reality，complex，定语从句，be＋adj.＋to do)
4．每当你读他的诗时，你就仿佛置身于他所生活的时代。(era，as if引导表语从句，虚拟语气)
5．我收集了许多代表性唐诗，并把它们附在邮件里。(numerous，representative)
6．我坚信，只要你认真阅读这些唐诗，你就能把握它们的精髓。(belief，grasp，as long as引导条件状语从句)
组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Wendy，
I am more than delighted to hear that you are fascinated by Tang poetry and eager to get a better understanding of it.I am writing to strongly recommend you to read the poems written by Li Bai.
With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language，he is distinguished as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.As for his poems，some of them exposed the reality of the society while others expressed his complex personal feelings，which were difficult to dig up.Whenever you read his poems，it seems as if you were exposed to the era he lived in.What’s more，I have collected numerous representative Tang poems and attached them to the mail.
I hold the firm belief that as long as you read these Tang poems carefully，you can grasp their essence.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
教材语料整合
亮词 [人物/情感描写] frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 patience n．耐心，忍耐力 inner adj.内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的 ideal n．理想；典范 adj.完美的，理想的 rigid adj.死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的 belief n．信仰；看法，信念；相信，信心 dweller n．居民，居住者 striking adj.引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的 legend n．传说，传奇故事；传奇人物 glorious adj.荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的 tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的 unconstrained adj.不受约束的，自由的 vitality n．生命力，活力，热情 representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．典型人物，代表性人物；代表 unforgiving adj.不饶人的，不宽容的；棘手的 [动作描写] grasp n．理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解 reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金 undergo vt.(underwent，undergone)经历，经受 bend vi.& vt.(bent，bent)(使)拐弯，弯曲 n．拐弯，弯道 sigh n．& vi.叹气，叹息 dare vi.& vt.敢于，胆敢；激(某人做某事) encounter vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到 n．相遇，遭遇，冲突 cast vt.(cast，cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色 n．全体演员；投，抛 owe vt.欠(情)；欠(债) fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住 blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n．责任，责备，指责
美句 1.Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel，Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.(动作描写) 2.His footsteps covered almost the whole country.During his travels，he visited famous mountains and great rivers，encountering different customs and practices.(动作描写) 3.With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language，Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.(人物描写)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：困惑与迷茫
单词 1.puzzle v．迷惑；使困惑→puzzled adj.困惑的；茫然的→puzzling adj.令人费解的，令人困惑的→puzzlement n．迷惑，困惑 2.confuse v．混淆，使困惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人费解的，令人迷惑的→confusion n．困惑 3.frown vi.& n．皱眉 4.scratch v．挠，搔
词块 1.at a loss不知所措；困惑 2.mind goes blank头脑突然一片空白 3.eyebrows knot together眉头紧锁 4.a frown stands on one’s face某人皱着眉头 5.scratch one’s head挠头；苦苦琢磨 6.throw sb into total confusion使某人完全陷入困惑 7.say/ask with a confused look一脸疑惑地说/问 8.a flood of confusion wells up in sb困惑袭上某人的心头
句型 1.With a confused look on his face，he had no idea what to do. 他露出困惑的表情，不知道该做什么。 2.When asked to make a speech in public，he scratched his head，not having the faintest idea what to say. 当被要求公开发表演讲时，他挠了挠头，完全不知道该说什么。 3.Eyebrows knotting together，I went into the office to ask what had happened on earth. 我眉头紧锁，走进办公室去问究竟发生了什么事。 4.Looking at the unfamiliar faces，I felt I was thrown into total confusion. 看着这些陌生的面孔，我感到自己完全不知所措。
语料运用 诗歌
The instant Mr Smith announced a poetry competition would be held the next week，I ①signed up for it without hesitation.However，when I set about preparing for it，②my mind went blank and I didn’t know what to write.③With my eyebrows knotting together(with复合结构)，I walked over to Mr Smith to ask for advice.Learning my confusion，Mr Smith smiled，“You should write whatever comes into your mind.”However，his words ④threw me into total confusion.“Really？Just write whatever comes into my mind？” I ⑤asked with a confused look.“Yes，only if you let your imagination fly freely can you write meaningful contents，” said Mr Smith.When I heard this，⑥ my confusion seemed to disappear gradually.I went back to the classroom，settled down and began my creation.
史密斯先生一宣布下周将举办诗歌比赛，我就毫不犹豫地报名参加了。然而，当我开始为此做准备时，我的头脑一片空白，我不知道该写什么。我眉头紧锁地走到史密斯先生面前征求建议。 得知我的困惑，史密斯先生笑着说：“你应该想到什么就写什么。”然而，他的话使我完全陷入困惑。我一脸疑惑地问：“真的？把我脑子里想到的都写下来吗？”史密斯先生说道：“是的，只有让你的想象力自由发挥，你才能写出有意义的内容。”当我听到他的话时，我的困惑似乎逐渐消失了。我回到教室，安静下来，开始了我的创作。
单元主题组合练
(分值：62.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
From Assyrian to Irish Gaelic，Britain’s National Poetry Library is launching a major project to collect the poetry of thousands of languages in danger of dying out，and preserve them for future generations.
According to UNESCO，of the 7,000 languages spoken in the world more than half are endangered，with one dying every two weeks.For the library，Chris McCabe said，“By the end of the century，UNESCO estimates that half of our languages will be lost，and when languages go，their poetry goes too.”
The library marked Thursday’s National Poetry Day with the launch of an international appeal for well-known poems in endangered languages.
It will collect the works sent in by members of the public for its archives，working with SOAS University of London to preserve at least one poem from each language，alongside an English translation.
The appeal ①coincides with a more local conservation effort from National Poetry Day，which has partnered with the local radio to find distinctive ②regional words from around the U．K.
From Berkshire’s “cheeselog”，or woodlouse，to the West Midlands’s “bobowler”，or large moth，the words have been used as inspiration for new commissions，which are being broadcast by the media.
“It’s such a beautiful word，” said Liz Berry，who took on bobowler.“I think of dialect words as pieces of treasure，which can carry history—they really can conjure up(使想起) the lives of those gone before us in one ③utterance.It’s a beautiful，magical thing.”
“If we lose these regional and national differences in languages，we will lose so much more than just the words，” said Hollie McNish，a Ted Hughes award winner，who wrote about cheeselog.“It would be like what happened with tomatoes once the supermarkets took over：They all started being forced to conform—the same color，shape，size—and all the diversity was lost.I hope，and think，the opposite is happening with regional languages now，and we’ve appreciated the diversity.”
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了英国国家诗歌图书馆正在启动一个重大项目，旨在收集数千种濒危语言的诗歌，并为子孙后代保存它们。
1．Why does Britain’s National Poetry Library start the project
A．To make the celebration more meaningful.
B．To collect the works of some famous poets.
C．To preserve poems in endangered languages.
D．To ease UNESCO’s worry over endangered languages.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，英国国家诗歌图书馆启动这个项目是为了保存濒危语言的诗歌。故选C。
2．What is the function of dialect words according to Liz Berry
A．It can bring our ancestors back to life.
B．It can connect people in different areas.
C．It can make people learn about the past.
D．It can add beauty to lives of ancient people.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“I think of dialect words as pieces of treasure，which can carry history—they really can conjure up(使想起) the lives of those gone before us in one utterance.”可知，利兹·贝里认为方言词汇是宝藏，可以承载历史，可以用一句话让我们想象出前人的生活。由此推知，利兹·贝里认为方言词汇能让我们了解历史。故选C。
3．Why does Hollie McNish mention tomatoes in the last paragraph
A．To show diversity of languages should be maintained.
B．To complain about the supermarkets’ strict sale rules.
C．To praise the efforts made to protect regional languages.
D．To stress the differences between regional and national languages.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“If we lose these regional and national differences in languages，we will lose so much more than just the words”和“It would be like what happened with tomatoes once the supermarkets took over：They all started being forced to conform—the same color，shape，size—and all the diversity was lost.”可知，霍利·麦克尼什认为如果我们失去了这些地区和国家的语言差异，我们将失去的就不仅仅是文字，就像番茄被迫变成同一模样，所有的多样性都消失了。由此推知，提及番茄是为了表明应保留语言的多样性。故选A。
4．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Severe Situation—Thousands of Languages Are Dying Out
B．Poetry Collection—The Best Way to Preserve Endangered Languages
C．Dialect—One of the Treasures in Human Civilization
D．National Poetry Day—to Save Endangered Languages
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段的“Britain’s National Poetry Library is launching a major project to collect the poetry of thousands of languages in danger of dying out，and preserve them for future generations”和第三段“The library marked Thursday’s National Poetry Day with the launch of an international appeal for well-known poems in endangered languages.”可知，英国国家诗歌图书馆发起诗歌征集活动是为了拯救数千种濒临灭绝的语言，并且纪念国家诗歌日。D项(国家诗歌日——拯救濒危语言)能概括文章内容，是本文的最佳标题。故选D。
语境猜词 ①coincide with与……相符，与……一致 ②regional(派)＝region＋al adj.地区的，区域的 ③utterance(派)＝utter＋ance n．话语；言论
B
Today，poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive career paths.But that wasn’t always the case.The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets.The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon.Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s.But translating research into lyrics，haiku，and other poetic forms is resurging(再现) among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings.
“Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world，” says Sam Illingworth，a poet and a ①geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia.Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal，called Consilience，Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.
Stephany Mazon，a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland，joined one of Illingworth’s workshops.In the workshop，she was ②grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku，a 17-syllable-long poem，which spotlighted water，a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects.“It was a lot of fun，and surprisingly easy to write the poem，” Mazon says.She plans to continue writing.“We do a disservice(伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be used to communicate scientific ideas，” Mazon says.
That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth，who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides.“Actually，when science communication involves writing and sharing poems，it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts，” he says.Scientist-poet Manjula Silva，an educator at Imperial College London，agrees.Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand，Silva says.
Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others.The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think.We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了诗歌和科学并不总是互相排斥的职业道路。
5．What does the underlined word “exclusive” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Unable to contrast at the same time.
B．Unable to detect each other.
C．Unable to distinct from each other.
D．Unable to exist at the same time.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“But that wasn’t always the case.The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets.The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon.”可知，后文举例说明诗歌和科学可以同时存在，结合but表示转折，可知画线词所在句意思是：如今，诗歌和科学通常被认为是不能同时存在的职业道路。故画线词意思是“不能同时存在”。故选D。
6．What are Illingworth’s workshops aimed to do
A．Promote a new science-poetry journal.
B．Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science.
C．Encourage science communication through poems.
D．Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal，called Consilience，Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.”可知，伊林沃思的研讨会旨在鼓励通过诗歌进行科学交流。故选C。
7．What does Illingworth think of the dominant ways of science communication
A．Conventional. B．Effective.
C．Innovative. D．Complex.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth，who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides.”可知，伊林沃思认为，科学交流倡议往往被公开讲座的幻灯片所主导，这是一种老套的方式。故选A。
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Poetry：A Great Tool to Question the World
B．Scientists Take on Poetry
C．Science Communication：A Two-way Dialogue
D．Scientists and Poets Think Alike
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。文中提到一些历史人物，如数学家 Ada Lovelace 和物理学家James Clerk Maxwell 都是杰出的诗人，说明诗歌和科学在过去并不是相互排斥的领域。文章介绍了Sam Illingworth的学者和诗人的身份交替以及他如何鼓励科学家们将自己的成果转化为诗歌，从而向更广泛的受众灌输他们的最新研究成果。此外，文章也引用了科学家Manjula Silva的观点，认为诗歌为将复杂的科学概念转化为大家都可以理解的语言提供了方便。综上，文章主要强调科学家开始研究诗歌。B选项“科学家研究诗歌”是本文的最佳标题。故选B。
语境猜词 ①geoscientist(派)＝geo＋scientist n．地球学家 ②group(转)n.→v.把……分组
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·江苏南通等六市模拟预测)
Pursue Your Dreams Today，Not Tomorrow
Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams We often postpone our dreams，trapped in a cycle of delay.But why wait 1 You don’t have to take a huge，life-changing step.You can take minute steps toward a brighter future.And start right now.
2 If you never try，you’re going to be ①weighed down by your regrets.You’re always going to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself.Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self.
It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed.Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. 3 Embrace a ②mindset of determination，knowing that success is within your reach.
At the end of the day，you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction.If you allow your fear to get the best of you，you’re never going to forgive yourself. 4 It’s what you would encourage your friends to do，so why aren’t you giving yourself that same push
Sometimes，following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day.It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule，but you don’t have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts.Try to ③strike a balance between your current life and your dreams. 5
Pursue your dreams now，even though that means you might need to break out of your comfort zone，and even though it means entering the unknown.
A．Ask yourself what would be worse.
B．Starting small is completely acceptable.
C．You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams.
D．New opportunities may lead to personal growth.
E．If things go well，you can gradually make further shifts.
F．You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential.
G．Hard as it is，it’s crucial to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何追求自己的梦想提出了一些建议。
1．答案 B
解析 后文提到了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，由此可知本句是在建议从小的方面开始。故B选项“从小处开始是完全可以接受的”符合语境，故选B。
2．答案 C
解析 根据本段内容可知，本段的主旨是给自己一个改变生活的机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想。故C选项“你应该为自己去追求你的梦想”符合语境，故选C。
3．答案 G
解析 后文提到要拥有坚定的心态，相信自己能够取得成功，由此可知要摆脱怀疑的心态。故G选项“尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑是至关重要的”符合语境，故选G。
4．答案 F
解析 上文提到不要让恐惧占据上风，即建议要克服恐惧和不安全感，来发掘潜力。故F选项“你需要克服你的不安全感，充分发掘你的潜力”符合语境，故选F。
5．答案 E
解析 上文提到了在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡，本句为本段最后一句，应说明这么做的结果。故E选项“如果一切顺利，你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变”符合语境，故选E。
语境猜词 ①weigh down 压垮 ②mindset(合)＝mind＋set n.观念模式，思维倾向 ③strike a balance找到折中办法，达成平衡
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2025·河北张家口期末)
On a freezing winter morning,13-year-old Ethan Miller was preparing to go skiing with his father by car.As they were about to 1 the driveway，an urgent cry from his mother interrupted them—she had spotted a tiny cat that had sought 2 beneath their car for warmth.However，as the car began to move，it 3 ran over the cat’s leg.
Ethan，filled with 4 and sympathy，immediately responded.He gently 5 the injured cat，offered first aid and 6 right there to provide it with a loving home.Ethan named it “Whiskers” and 7 it until it fully recovered.
This incident made Ethan 8 of the risk faced by countless other homeless cats in the ①biting cold.Fueled by a(n) 9 to create an impact，Ethan went on a mission.Using the 10 of social media，he shared his ②heart-rending story，successfully 11 many like-minded individuals to work together.They launched a project called “Warm the Furry”，which not only aimed at 12 donations but also constructing community cat shelters throughout their town.
Ethan’s story demonstrated how even seemingly insignificant 13 can snowball into powerful movements，creating a more 14 society where all creatures，large or small，③are enveloped with warmth and understanding.This story is a proof of the idea that one person’s determination and kindness can indeed 15 significant change.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁的Ethan Miller意外救助了一只受伤的小猫，于是利用社交媒体的影响力，号召更多人投入到保护动物的行列中来。
1．A.leave B．clean
C．cross D．approach
答案 A
解析 leave离开；clean清理；cross穿过；approach靠近。上文“On a freezing winter morning,13-year-old Ethan Miller was preparing to go skiing with his father by car.”提到他们要开车离开家去滑雪，可推断他们要驶离私人车道。故选A。
2．A.shade B．safety
C．food D．shelter
答案 D
解析 shade阴影；safety安全；food食物；shelter庇护处。根据后文“beneath their car for warmth”可知，小猫在他们的车底寻找庇护处取暖。故选D。
3．A.carefully B．cruelly
C．accidentally D．silently
答案 C
解析 carefully仔细地；cruelly残酷地；accidentally意外地；silently沉默地。根据上文“However，as the car began to move”可知，他们事先不知道有猫，所以是意外碾过了猫的腿。故选C。
4．A.embarrassment B．guilt
C．excitement D．curiosity
答案 B
解析 embarrassment尴尬；guilt内疚；excitement激动；curiosity好奇心。上文提到他们的汽车意外碾过了猫的腿，所以是感到内疚。故选B。
5．A.lifted B．fed
C．chased D．hid
答案 A
解析 lift举起，移开；feed喂养；chase追赶；hide隐藏。根据后文“the injured cat，offered first aid”可知，他轻轻地把受伤的猫从车下移开并为它提供急救，故选A。
6．A.waited B．searched
C．struggled D．decided
答案 D
解析 wait等待；search搜索；struggle努力；decide决定。根据后文“right there to provide it with a loving home”可知，他立即决定为它提供一个充满爱的家。故选D。
7．A.turned to B．played with
C．attended to D．parted with
答案 C
解析 turn to求助于；play with和……玩耍；attend to照顾；part with放弃。根据后文“until it fully recovered”可知，伊森一直照顾猫到它康复。故选C。
8．A.aware B．ashamed
C．confident D．independent
答案 A
解析 aware意识到的；ashamed羞愧的；confident自信的；independent独立的。根据后文“of the risk faced by countless other homeless cats in the biting cold”可知，这件事让伊森意识到无数流浪猫在刺骨的寒冷中所面临的风险。aware of表示“意识到”。故选A。
9．A.opportunity B．desire
C．order D．demand
答案 B
解析 opportunity机会；desire渴望；order命令；demand要求。根据后文“to create an impact”并结合上文伊森意识到流浪猫面临的风险可知，此处指伊森渴望对此产生影响。故选B。
10．A.explosion B．influence
C．standard D．growth
答案 B
解析 explosion爆炸；influence影响；standard标准；growth成长。根据后文“of social media”以及“many like-minded individuals to work together”可知，此处指利用社交媒体的影响力。故选B。
11．A.convincing B．forcing
C．dismissing D．challenging
答案 A
解析 convince说服；force迫使；dismiss解散；challenge挑战。根据上文“he shared his heart-rending story”可知，他用他的令人心痛的故事成功地说服了许多志同道合的人一起工作。故选A。
12．A.supplying B．rewarding
C．gathering D．sending
答案 C
解析 supply供应；reward奖励；gather收集；send发送。根据后文“donations”可知，这是一个帮助小动物的项目，所以是收集捐赠物资。故选C。
13．A.innovations B．adventures
C．expressions D．actions
答案 D
解析 innovation创新；adventure冒险；expression表情；action行动。根据后文“can snowball into powerful movements”可知，此处指小行动可以变成大的运动。故选D。
14．A.harmonious B．diverse
C．sympathetic D．energetic
答案 C
解析 harmonious和睦的；diverse多样的；sympathetic同情的；energetic精力充沛的。根据后文“society where all creatures，large or small，are enveloped with warmth and understanding”可知，此处指创造更有同情心的社会，在这个社会里，所有的生物，无论大小，都被温暖和理解所包围。故选C。
15．A.avoid B．generate
C．tolerate D．replace
答案 B
解析 avoid避免；generate产生，引起；tolerate忍受；replace取代。根据后文“significant change”并结合伊森的故事可知，此处指决心和善良可以引起重大变化。故选B。
语境猜词 ①biting(派)＝bit(e)＋ing adj.刺骨的；凛冽的 ②heart-rending(合＋派)＝heart＋rend＋ing adj.使人极度伤心的，令人悲痛的 ③be enveloped with被包在……中
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Tongcheng School(桐城派) developed in the Qing Dynasty，originating from the city of Tongcheng in Anhui Province.It 1.____________(found) by a group of scholars like Fang Bao，Liu Dakui，and Yao Nai,2.____________ were dedicated to preserving and promoting classical Chinese prose(散文) and literary style.Fang Bao,3.____________ key figure of the school，advocated for “Yi Fa” as the ①foundational theory for the school’s writing style.Here，“Yi” refers 4.____________ the central themes or ideas of an article，while “Fa” relates to the literary form and craftsmanship.
The works 5.____________(produce) under the Tongcheng School emphasized clarity and directness in conveying the message of the text，avoiding complex language.This resulted in a style that was brief and natural，although 6.____________(most) lacking in vividness.Notable works include “Prison Notes” by Fang Bao and “Ascent to Mount Tai” by Yao Nai.
The influence of the Tongcheng School on 7.____________(late) generations was significant.Its commitment to classical prose influenced numerous scholars and writers,8.____________(shape) the literary standards and critical approaches of periods afterwards.The school’s emphasis on clarity，precision，and 9.____________(elegant) in prose writing laid the groundwork for the development of modern Chinese literary criticism.Furthermore，its impact extended beyond literature into 10.____________(area) of cultural and intellectual history，strengthening the value of classical education and ②scholarly discipline in Chinese intellectual life.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清代最为著名的文学流派之一——桐城派的历史背景、创立者、核心理念及其对后世的影响。
1．答案 was founded
解析 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，时态使用一般过去时，主语it和found之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为it，be动词用was。故填was founded。
2．答案 who
解析 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词a group of scholars，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。
3．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。figure为可数名词单数形式，此处表示泛指，且key的发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
4．答案 to
解析 考查介词。refer to为固定搭配，意为“指的是”。故填to。
5．答案 produced
解析 考查非谓语动词。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，The works和produce之间为被动关系，需用过去分词形式。故填produced。
6．答案 mostly
解析 考查副词。修饰形容词lacking需用副词mostly，作状语。故填mostly。
7．答案 later
解析 考查形容词。根据句意可知，空处应填形容词修饰名词generations，表示“后来的，以后的”。故填later。
8．答案 shaping
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词且与所给动词之间无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词；shape与其逻辑主语Its commitment to classical prose之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填shaping。
9．答案 elegance
解析 考查名词。空处与clarity和precision并列，作介词on的宾语，故用其名词形式。故填elegance。
10．答案 areas
解析 考查名词复数。空处需填名词作宾语，area在此处意为“领域；方面”，是可数名词，结合“of cultural and intellectual history”可知，使用名词复数形式。故填areas。
语境猜词 ①foundational(派)＝found＋ation＋al adj.基础的；基本的 ②scholarly(派)＝scholar＋ly adj.学术(性)的(共105张PPT)
Exploring poetry
选择性必修第一册 Unit 4
内容索引
过基础 知识排查
查重点 夯基固本
提能力 主题写作
过基础 知识排查
Part One
含义
adj.贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果实的
词汇
barren
必备词汇
含义
adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的
词汇
frozen
延伸
拓展
freeze v.(使)冻结；感觉很冷；(因害怕等)停住不动
[派]freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
过关
含义
vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指
词汇
imply
延伸
拓展
[派]implication n.含义；暗示；影响
含义
n.方面，侧面；规模，程度；维
词汇
dimension
含义
n.理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解 ；毫不犹豫地抓住(机会)
词汇
grasp
含义
vt.发现，查明，侦察出
词汇
detect
延伸
拓展
[派]detective n.侦探
含义
n.押韵词；押韵
vt.使押韵
vi.和……同韵
词汇
rhyme
含义
adj.复杂的，难懂的
n.建筑群 ；复合体；情结
词汇
complex
含义
发现，搜集，查明
词汇
dig up
含义
n.线索，提示；迹象
词汇
clue
延伸
拓展
[派]clueless adj.一无所知的；一窍不通的
含义
vt.把(动物)关在笼中
n.笼子
词汇
cage
含义
n.(鸟的)啼啭；颤音
vt.欢快地高声说
vi.发颤音
词汇
trill
含义
vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎
vi.口译
词汇
interpret
延伸
拓展
[派]interpretation n.解释；理解；演绎
interpreter n.演绎者；口译译员
含义
n.耐心，忍耐力
词汇
patience
延伸
拓展
patient adj.能忍耐的，有耐心的 n.病人
[派]patiently adv.耐心地
with patience(＝patiently)耐心地
lose/run out of patience失去耐心；不耐烦
be patient with sb/sth对某人(或某事)有耐心
含义
adv.到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外
词汇
aside
延伸
拓展
set sth aside把……放一边；留出
含义
adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
词汇
remote
含义
adv.始终，一直
词汇
constantly
延伸
拓展
constant adj.重复的；不变的
含义
adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的
词汇
logical
延伸
拓展
[派]logically adv.符合逻辑地
含义
adj.内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的
词汇
inner
含义
vt.注意到，意识到；将……理解为/视为
词汇
perceive
含义
n.现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历
词汇
reality
延伸
拓展
real adj.真正的；确实的；实际存在的
[派]really adv.(表明事实或真相)真正地；实际上
in reality事实上，实际上
含义
n.薄雾，水汽
词汇
mist
延伸
拓展
[派]misty adj.多雾的；模糊的
含义
n.小说家
词汇
novelist
延伸
拓展
novel n.小说 adj.新颖的
含义
与某事终止关联，破除
词汇
break with sth
含义
n.理想；典范
adj.完美的，理想的
词汇
ideal
含义
adj.死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的
词汇
rigid
含义
vt.(underwent，undergone)
经历，经受
词汇
undergo
延伸
拓展
[同]go through，experience
含义
n.信仰；看法，信念；相信，信心
词汇
belief
延伸
拓展
[派]believe vt.相信
believable adj.可以相信的
unbelievable adj.难以置信的
beyond belief令人难以置信
hold the firm belief that...坚信……
There is a common/wide/popular belief that...人们普遍认为……
含义
n.区，行政区；地区，区域
词汇
district
含义
vi.分叉，岔开；分歧，相异；偏离
词汇
diverge
含义
vi.& vt.(bent，bent)(使)拐弯，弯曲；弯腰
n.拐弯，弯道
词汇
bend
含义
vi.& vt.(trod，trodden)踩，踏；踩碎，践踏；行走，步行
词汇
tread
含义
n.& vi.叹气，叹息
词汇
sigh
延伸
拓展
let out a sigh发出叹息
breathe a sigh of relief松了一口气；如释重负
sigh with relief舒了口气
含义
adv.因此，由此
词汇
hence
延伸
拓展
[同]thus，therefore，consequently
含义
vi.& vt.敢于，胆敢；激(某人做某事)
词汇
dare
含义
adj.引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的
词汇
striking
含义
n.传说，传奇故事；传奇人物
词汇
legend
含义
vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到
n.相遇，遭遇，冲突
词汇
encounter
含义
vt.培养，助长；抚养，滋养
词汇
nourish
含义
adj.荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的
词汇
glorious
延伸
拓展
glory n.光荣，荣誉；壮丽，辉煌；荣耀的事
含义
n.(贸易和经济活动的)激增，繁荣
vi.迅速发展，激增，繁荣昌盛
词汇
boom
含义
n.稳定(性)，稳固(性)
词汇
stability
延伸
拓展
stable adj.稳定的；牢固的；稳重的
[派]stably adv.稳定地
含义
adj.不受约束的，自由的
词汇
unconstrained
含义
n.生命力，活力，热情
词汇
vitality
延伸
拓展
breathe vitality into给……注入活力
含义
n.暗喻，隐喻
词汇
metaphor
含义
adj.典型的，有代表性的
n.典型人物，代表性人物；代表
词汇
representative
延伸
拓展
represent vt.代表；代理；表示；象征
含义
n.霜；霜冻，严寒天气
词汇
frost
含义
vt.(cast，cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色
n.全体演员 ；投，抛
词汇
cast
延伸
拓展
(be) cast down沮丧的
含义
n.人情债，情义，恩情 ；借款，欠款，债务
词汇
debt
延伸
拓展
in debt欠债
out of debt不欠债
pay off one’s debts还清债务
含义
vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住
词汇
fascinate
延伸
拓展
[派]fascinating adj.迷人的；令人着迷的；引人入胜的
含义
vt.(usually passive)给……命名；使享有权利，使符合资格
词汇
entitle
延伸
拓展
title n.题目，标题；头衔；称谓；职称
含义
n.津贴，补助；限额；零花钱
词汇
allowance
延伸
拓展
make allowance for体谅；考虑到，估计到
含义
n.巨大成功，重大成就，伟大胜利
vi.打败，战胜，成功
词汇
triumph
含义
n.冒名顶替者，冒名行骗者
词汇
impostor
延伸
拓展
forgive v.原谅；宽恕；饶恕
[派]forgiving adj.宽容的；宽恕的
含义
adj.不饶人的，不宽容的；棘手的
词汇
unforgiving
含义
(also characterise) vt.是……的特征，以……为典型；使……具有特点；描述，刻画
词汇
characterize
延伸
拓展
character n.性格，品质；特色，特征；人物，角色；文字，字体
含义
n.儒家，儒学，孔子学说
词汇
Confucianism
延伸
拓展
Confucius n.孔子
[派]Confucian adj.儒家的，儒学的，孔子学说的
含义
n.道教，道家
词汇
Taoism
1.动词后缀-ise/ize：表示“成为；使；使像；以……方式说或对待”。characterize是由character加动词后缀-ize组成。类似的还有：symbolize vt.
象征；memorize vt.记住；apologize vi.道歉；industrialize v.使工业化；modernize vt.使现代化。
2.名词后缀-ism：一般表示“主义、论、学说、体系、宗教、行为、结果、状态、性质、疾病”。如：communism n.共产主义；socialism n.社会主义；atomism n.原子论；Buddhism n.佛教；criticism n.批评；heroism n.英勇；alcoholism n.酒精中毒症。
积累 —— 构词法 学一法 会一类
(1)These groups view immigration reform as something that should quickly (legal) as many people as possible.
(2)Sooner or later virtual reality will _______________________(revolution)
the entertainment industry.
(3)The famous Olympian，who had studied figure skating in Europe，returned to the U.S.and (popular) the sport.
积累 —— 构词法 学一法 会一类
legalize/legalise
revolutionize/revolutionise
popularized/popularised
(4)As such，it competes with other metaphysical(形而上学的) theories like materialism.
(5)This film presents pure escapism，but as a matter of fact，we must accept reality bravely.
(6)In the contemporary Western world，rapidly changing styles cater to a desire for novelty and individualism.
__________
____________________
____________________
唯物主义
逃避现实，逃避主义
个人至上，个人主义
积累 —— 构词法 学一法 会一类
1.We are faced with two apparently contradictory statements.
2.In the industrialized countries，environmental problems are generally related to industrialization and technological development.
3.The era when foreign goods flooded the Chinese market is gone for ever.
4.This classic advertisement attracted numerous music lovers who became regulars.
____________
________
______
________
阅读词汇
识记
相互矛盾的
工业化
时代
许多的
5.The Statue of Liberty towers above the harbor of New York.
6.It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience a refreshing air.
7.Speakers for the group claimed，with exaggeration，that even back-yard barbecues and kitchen stoves would be taxed.
______
______
______
自由
居民
夸张
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
探究
重点词汇
reward
1
vt.奖励，奖赏 n.奖励，回报；悬赏金(rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的)
·reward sb with...用……奖赏某人
·as a reward for...作为对……的奖励/回报
in reward for为报答……；作为……的奖赏
(1)Rewarded her favorite snack from Katherine，Maya was overwhelmed with an immense sense of delight.
with
(2)Not only did the activity make us gain deeper insights into traditional Chinese culture，but it also raised our awareness of protecting cultural heritage.What a (reward) day!
(3)我转身向出租车司机挥手告别，心里想，我会给他买一份礼物，以回报他对我的慷慨帮助。
(2024·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
I turned around and waved goodbye to the taxi driver，thinking in my mind that I would buy him a gift ____________________________
.
rewarding
in reward for/as a reward for his
generous help to me
advocate
vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n.拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
(1)Scientists advocated (raise) public awareness of preserving the precious heritage.
(2)I advocate everyone (make) it their duty to make a contribution to protecting the environment.
raising
2
making
advocate sth提倡/拥护/支持某事
advocate (sb) doing sth提倡(某人)做某事
advocate that...主张/提倡……[从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”]
It is advocated that...主张/提倡……[从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”]
(3)提倡人人过低碳生活来保护我们的环境。(话题写作之环境与自然)
all people live a low-carbon life to protect our environment.
(4)我们提倡学校里的每个人都向地震灾区捐一些钱。(应用文写作之倡议书)
We ________________________________________________________
the area struck by the earthquake.
It is advocated that
advocate everyone in our school donating some money to/advocate
that everyone in our school (should) donate some money to
claim
vt.声称，宣称；要求；索取；获得 ；夺去(生命) n.声称，宣称；所有权；索赔
(1)The government claimed (provide) allowance for people who made great contributions to our country.
(2)The company has made a claim damages caused by the delay of delivery.
to provide
3
claim that/to do...声称……
claim to have done sth声称做过某事
claim for/make a claim for sth就……提出要求；提出赔偿……的要求
It is claimed that...据称……；据说……
for
(3)He claimed that he had found a mysterious star through a telescope.
→He claimed a mysterious star through a telescope.
(4)据说海洋正在遭受严重的污染。到了我们致力于保护它的时候了。
(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
.It’s high time that we should devote ourselves to protecting it.
to have found
It is claimed that the ocean is suffering serious pollution
tolerant
·be tolerant of/towards对……容忍/宽容
·tolerate (sb/sb’s) doing...容忍(某人)做……
“容忍；忍受”的其他表达还有：stand，bear，endure，put up with
adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的(tolerate vt.容忍；允许；忍受 tolerance n.容忍；忍耐力)
(1)To be honest，my is not limitless，so I will not be always
of your constantly being late.(tolerate)
tolerance
4
tolerant
(2)由于我们无法容忍人们乱扔垃圾，我们将发起一场活动呼吁人们保护环境。(应用文写作之倡议书)
As ，a campaign is to be launched to appeal to people to protect the surroundings.
(3)懂得如何宽容他人，设身处地为他人着想，自然能带来与他人的和谐关系。(读后续写之主旨升华)
and putting yourself in others’ shoes can naturally lead to a harmonious relationship with others.
we can not tolerate people throwing garbage around
Knowing how to tolerate/be tolerant of/towards others
distinguish
·distinguish between A and B 区分A和B
distinguish...from...使……有别于……；把……与……区分开来
distinguish oneself (as)(作为……而)出名；使自己出众
·be distinguished for...因……而出名
be distinguished as...作为……而出名
vt.& vi.区分，辨别；成为……的特征，使有别于；使出众；认出(distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的；高贵的；受尊重的)
5
(1)They can even distinguish their mother’s voice that of a female stranger.
(2)She has already distinguished (she) as a great volleyball coach in the world.
(3)The woman distinguished a writer for her latest science fiction agreed that reading good books can teach us to distinguish _________
right and wrong.
from
herself
as
between
(4)杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名，每年都吸引大量的游客。(应用文写作之推荐信)
①Hangzhou ，attracting large numbers of tourists every year.
② ，Hangzhou attracts large numbers of tourists every year.(形容词短语作状语)
is distinguished for its fascinating scenery
Distinguished for its fascinating scenery
owe
·owe sb sth ＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物；把某事归功于某人
owe it to sb that...把……归功于某人
owe it to sb to do sth该为了某人而做某事
·owing to由于
vt.欠(情)，欠(债)；归功于；归因于
6
(1)本周日我不能和你去郊游，我得向你道歉。
I for failing to go outing with you this Sunday.
owe an apology to you/owe you an apology
(2)大卫在终点线气喘吁吁地说道：“正是因为您的鼓励，我才能够克服内心的恐惧，在越野赛中挑战自我。”
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David was out of breath at the finishing line，saying，“It is ________
that I can overcome my internal fear and challenge myself in the cross-country run.”
owing to
your encouragement
(3)我把我在英语学习上的巨大进步归功于您，任何语言都不足以表达我衷心的感谢。(应用文写作之感谢信)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________，and no words are strong enough to express my heartfelt gratitude.
I owe my great progress in English learning to you/I owe it to you that I have made great progress in English learning
blame
·take/bear the blame for...对……负责；为……承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth on sb把某事推到某人身上/归咎于某人
·blame sb for...因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
blame sth on sb把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth)(对某事)负有责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
n.责任，责备，指责 vt.责怪，指责，把……归咎于
7
(1)不要总把自己的失败归咎于他人。你应该为失败承担责任。(读后续写之升华句)
Don’t always ________________________________________________
_____________ others.You should failure.
put/lay the blame for your own failure on/blame your
own failure on
take/bear the blame for
(2)当和他人相处时，我们不应该总是把错误归咎于他人。毕竟，很多时候我们也负有责任。因此，我们应该多交流、换位思考，而不是指责他人。(话题写作之人际交往)
When getting along with others，we shouldn’t always _____________
____________________________________________________________
_________.After all，many times .So instead of
，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others’ place.
blame others
for mistakes/blame mistakes on others/put/lay the blame for mistakes
on others
we are also to blame
blaming others
1
1.Second，approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.(as if 从句中的虚拟语气)
第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。
2
As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning，it will have been worth your effort.(as long as 引导条件状语从句)
只要读诗之旅能让你有所感触，或使你领悟到另一层含义，那你的努力就是值得的。
悟通
经典句式
3
It is believed that this poem was written by Li Bai in his teenage years.(It＋be＋过去分词＋that...)
人们认为这首诗是李白十几岁时写的。
Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel，Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.(过去分词短语作状语)
在强烈的探险欲和游历欲的驱使下，李白二十几岁便离家去周游。
4
5
Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings，which breathes vitality into lifeless objects he describes，and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.(全部倒装，定语从句)
同样令人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发，这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机，也让他有别于其他山水诗人。
6
With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language，Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.(with介词短语作原因状语)
超尘脱俗的想象、强烈情感的自由抒发和对语言的精通，使李白被公认为继屈原之后的最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。
7
Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
相比容易理解的诗，那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。
·本句中不定式to understand是主动形式表示被动意义，不定式和句子
的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系；
·常用于此结构的形容词有：difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，
pleasant，interesting，exciting等。
(1)即使这个问题很难解决，我也没有放弃，因为我坚信“有志者，事竟成”。
，I didn’t give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will，there is a way.”
Even though/if the problem was difficult to solve
(2)我不仅容易相处而且我也乐意帮助处在困境中的人。(应用文写作之自荐/申请信)
①I am not only but also willing to help others in trouble.
②__________________________________________________________
________________(部分倒装)
用法点拨 在该结构中，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。
easy to get along/on with
Not only am I easy to get along/on with but I am also willing to help
others in trouble.
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.numerous
2.industrialization
3.era
4.liberty
5.contradictory
6.unconstrained
7.dweller
8.exaggeration
词汇默写
默写巩固
___________________
__________
_____________
_______
_______________________
_______________________
_______________
_____________
adj.众多的，许多的
n.工业化
n.时代，年代
n.自由
adj.相互矛盾的，对立的
adj.不受约束的，自由的
n.居民，居住者
n.夸张，夸大
Ⅱ.重点单词
1._______ n.理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及
vt.抓紧；领会，理解
2.________ adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
3.__________ vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到
n.相遇，遭遇，冲突
4.______ n.薄雾，水汽
5.__________ n.津贴，补助；限额，零花钱
6._____ n.& vi.叹气，叹息
grasp
remote
encounter
mist
allowance
sigh
7._____ vt.欠(情)，欠(债)；归功于；归因于
8.______ vt.声称，宣称；索取；要求；获得
n.声明，宣称；所有权；索赔
9._____ vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投，抛；选派角色
n.全体演员；投，抛
10._____ n.人情债，情义，恩情；借款，欠款，债务
owe
claim
cast
debt
11._________ vt.拥护，支持，提倡
n.拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
12._______ n.责任，责备，指责
vt.责怪，指责，把……归咎于
advocate
blame
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1.______ vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指
→___________ n.含义；暗示；影响
2._____________ adj.典型的，有代表性的 n.典型人物；代表
→_________ vt.代表；象征
3._________ adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的
→________ adv.符合逻辑地
imply
implication
representative
represent
logical
logically
4.________ adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的
→_______ v.(使)冻结；感觉很冷；(因害怕等)停住不动
→________ adj.极冷的；冰冻的
5._________ n.小说家
→______ n.小说 adj.新颖的
6.___________ vt.& vi.成为……的特征，使有别于；区分，
辨别；认出；使出众
→_____________ adj.卓越的；著名的；高贵的；受尊重的
frozen
freeze
freezing
novelist
novel
distinguish
distinguished
7.________ n.稳定(性)，稳固(性)
→_______ adj.稳定的；牢固的；稳重的
→_______ adv.稳定地
8._______ n.信仰；看法，信念；相信，信心
→_______ vt.相信
→___________ adj.可以相信的
→_____________ adj.难以置信的
stability
stable
stably
belief
believe
believable
unbelievable
Ⅳ.核心短语
1.__________________ 体谅；考虑到，估计到
2.______________ 与某事终止关联，破除
3._______ 发现，搜集，查明
4._________ 只要
5.__________________ 给……注入活力
6.____________ 把……放一边；留出
make allowance for
break with sth
dig up
as long as
breathe vitality into
set sth aside
语境运用
默写巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The place of interest is so that many tourists are _________
by its beautiful scenery.(fascinate)
2.The doctor listened to the ，and told him that the treatment needed .(patient)
3.My friend accompanies me to the gym，and without his
company，I may have given up working out halfway.(constant)
fascinating
fascinated
patiently
patient
constantly
constant
patience
4.Her childhood dream became a ，which made her parents proud of her.(real)
5.It turned out to be an unforgettable and experience，which
us with many benefits.(reward)
6.I admire you for your ，because you are of things that can’t .(tolerate)
7.He preferred to be assigned something that is more difficult (do).
reality
really
rewarding
rewarded
tolerance
tolerant
be tolerated
to do
8.Present at the meeting yesterday (be) Mr Li，Mr Wang and many other teachers.
9.In making scientific experiments，one should not be cast by temporary setbacks.
10.To lessen economic losses，I strongly advocate (make) a scientific plan in advance.
were
down
making
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.旨在丰富学生的校园生活，我们学校将于本周五下午举办“唐诗朗诵比赛”。(过去分词短语作状语) NOTICE
1.__________________________________
____，a “Tang Poetry Recitation Contest” is to be held in our school this Friday afternoon.
Aimed at enriching students’ campus
life
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.要求每位参加者在5分钟内背诵一首唐诗。(it＋be＋过去分词＋that) By taking part in the activity，students in our school will acquire the wisdom of the glorious Chinese civilization and promote their love of China.2.____________________
______________________________________
within 5 minutes.
It is required that each
participant(should) recite a Tang poem
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
3.任何对本项比赛有兴趣的人都可以在学校网站上报名。(定语从句) 3._______________________________
can sign up for it on the school
website.
Anybody who is interested in the
contest
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
4.同样重要的是不要错过最后期限——10月5日。(全部倒装) 4._________________________________
—October 5th.
Looking forward to your participation！
Students’ Council
Equally important is not missing the
deadline
返 回
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
查重点 夯基固本
Part Two
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1.In striking① contrast to their brothers，the twin sisters had striking② good looks.
①___________ ②___________
2.The artist bent① the wire into the shape of a heart，and then bent② down to place it at the bend③ in the road.
①__________ ②________ ③_______
adj.显著的
adj.标致的
n.拐弯
vt.使弯曲
vi.弯腰
3.The man who claimed① first prize in yesterday’s competition was claimed② in the car accident and his wife claimed③ on the insurance，and the insurance company claimed④ to deal with the matter as soon as possible.
①_____________ ②_____________ ③________
④_____________
4.In repaying his debt① of gratitude，John offered a helping hand，clearing the financial debt② his friend owed.
①______________________ ②________
v.获得，赢得
v.夺去(生命)
v.索要
v.声称，宣称
n.人情债，恩情，情义
n.债务
5.Having fully grasped① the skills and precautions of mountain climbing，he grasped② the rope firmly and began his climbing.His quick grasp③ of knowledge allowed him to grasp④ the opportunity to reach the summit first.
①_____________ ②_______ ③_____________
④_______________________
v.理解，领会
v.抓紧
n.理解，领会
v.毫不犹豫地抓住(机会)
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.I’m writing to invite my foreign friend to visit the exhibition in reward
his help to me.
2.Some people can’t tolerate (expose) themselves to the sunlight for too much time.
3.It (claim) that this campaign is intended to raise people’s awareness of environmental protection.
4.It’s advocated that long-standing traditions ________________________
(preserve) despite the changes of modern values.
for
exposing
is claimed
(should) be preserved
5.As opposed to the police，many witnesses said the car driver was _____
(blame) for this traffic accident.
6.The man owes his success in architecture his wife’s support and encouragement.
7. is believed that all outstanding achievements come from years of hard work.
8.Yuan Longping was (distinguish) for his devotion to his lifelong career.
to
blame
to
It
distinguished
9.The morning air，full of the fragrance of flowers，was fresh _________
(breathe).
10.More generally，the Internet functions as if it (be) my memory and its function is particularly striking when I need to check facts.
to breathe
were
Ⅲ.语法填空 语境串记单元词汇
When I was a baby，my mother used to read me nursery rhymes characterized by fun and interest.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory,1. they are easy to learn and recite.They can also display the 2. (hide) beauty of simple and ordinary things.
but
hidden
Slowly，I fell in love with poetry.Poetry 3. (imply) a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.So I often perceive myself to be
4. explorer.It is exciting to encounter poems filled with striking images.5. (interpret) poetry can be difficult but interesting.At the beginning，to understand a poem is so difficult 6. I want to abandon，but I know I have to be 7. (patience).
implies
an
Interpreting
that
patient
I will not 8. (reward) immediately.However，when I finally grasp its meaning，it will stay with me for a long time.Also，when I read poetry regularly，I will 9. (constant) discover new things—even in poems that I have read many times before.Reading poetry is like trying to detect and dig 10. a treasure.I can use a poem as a treasure map that will eventually guide me to exciting new discoveries.
be rewarded
constantly
up
返 回
提能力 主题写作
Part Three
应用文增分练
诗歌
假定你是李华，你的美国笔友温迪(Wendy)非常喜欢唐诗，她来信让你推荐一位唐朝著名诗人的诗歌。请你给她写一封回信，内容包括：
1.简要介绍这位诗人；2.其诗歌的特点。
1.听说你对唐诗很感兴趣并渴望更好地了解唐诗，我非常高兴。(fascinate)
_____________________________________________________________
2.李白因其非凡的想象力、强烈感情的自由表达和对语言的掌握，作为继屈原后最伟大的浪漫主义诗人而闻名。(distinguish，with介词短语作原因状语)
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应用文增分练
完成句子
3.至于他的诗歌，有些揭露了社会的现实，另一些则表达了他的复杂的个人情感，这些情感很难被发现。(expose，reality，complex，定语从句，be＋adj.＋to do)
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4.每当你读他的诗时，你就仿佛置身于他所生活的时代。(era，as if引导表语从句，虚拟语气)
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5.我收集了许多代表性唐诗，并把它们附在邮件里。(numerous，representative)
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6.我坚信，只要你认真阅读这些唐诗，你就能把握它们的精髓。(belief，grasp，as long as引导条件状语从句)
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把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
应用文增分练
组句成篇
Dear Wendy，
I am more than delighted to hear that you are fascinated by Tang poetry and eager to get a better understanding of it.I am writing to strongly recommend you to read the poems written by Li Bai.
With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language，he is distinguished as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.As for his poems，some of them exposed the reality of the society while others expressed his complex personal feelings，which were difficult to dig up.
应用文增分练
参考范文
Whenever you read his poems，it seems as if you were exposed to the era he lived in.What’s more，I have collected numerous representative Tang poems and attached them to the mail.
I hold the firm belief that as long as you read these Tang poems carefully，you can grasp their essence.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
亮词 [人物/情感描写] frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 patience n.耐心，忍耐力 inner adj.内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的 ideal n.理想；典范 adj.完美的，理想的 rigid adj.死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的 belief n.信仰；看法，信念；相信，信心 dweller n.居民，居住者 striking adj.引人注目的，显著的；妩媚动人的，标致的 legend n.传说，传奇故事；传奇人物 glorious adj.荣耀的，光荣的；壮丽的，辉煌的 tolerant adj.宽容的，容忍的；能耐……的 unconstrained adj.不受约束的，自由的 vitality n.生命力，活力，热情 representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n.典型人物，代表性人物；代表 unforgiving adj.不饶人的，不宽容的；棘手的
续写积累提能练
教材语料整合
亮词 [动作描写] grasp n.理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解 reward vt.奖励，奖赏 n.奖励，回报；悬赏金 undergo vt.(underwent，undergone)经历，经受 bend vi.& vt.(bent，bent)(使)拐弯，弯曲 n.拐弯，弯道 sigh n.& vi.叹气，叹息 dare vi.& vt.敢于，胆敢；激(某人做某事) encounter vt.偶然碰到，意外地遇见；遭遇，碰到 n.相遇，遭遇，冲突 cast vt.(cast，cast)投射；向……投以(视线、笑容
等)；投，抛；选派角色 n.全体演员；投，抛 owe vt.欠(情)；欠(债) fascinate vt.& vi.深深吸引，迷住 blame vt.把……归咎于，责怪，指责 n.责任，责备，指责
美句 1.Driven by a burning desire for adventure and travel，Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.(动作描写)
2.His footsteps covered almost the whole country.During his travels，he visited famous mountains and great rivers，encountering different customs and practices.(动作描写)
3.With his extraordinary imagination，free expression of strong feelings and mastery of language，Li Bai is widely recognized as the greatest romantic poet after Qu Yuan.(人物描写)
情感细节描写：困惑与迷茫
单词 1.puzzle v.迷惑；使困惑→puzzled adj.困惑的；茫然的→puzzling adj.令人费解的，令人困惑的→puzzlement n.迷惑，困惑
2.confuse v.混淆，使困惑→confused adj.困惑的→confusing adj.令人费解的，令人迷惑的→confusion n.困惑
3.frown vi.& n.皱眉 4.scratch v.挠，搔
续写积累提能练
拓展语料积累
词块 1.at a loss不知所措；困惑 2.mind goes blank头脑突然一片空白
3.eyebrows knot together眉头紧锁
4.a frown stands on one’s face某人皱着眉头
5.scratch one’s head挠头；苦苦琢磨
6.throw sb into total confusion使某人完全陷入困惑
7.say/ask with a confused look一脸疑惑地说/问
8.a flood of confusion wells up in sb困惑袭上某人的心头
句型 1.With a confused look on his face，he had no idea what to do.
他露出困惑的表情，不知道该做什么。
2.When asked to make a speech in public，he scratched his head，not having the faintest idea what to say.
当被要求公开发表演讲时，他挠了挠头，完全不知道该说什么。
3.Eyebrows knotting together，I went into the office to ask what had happened on earth.
我眉头紧锁，走进办公室去问究竟发生了什么事。
4.Looking at the unfamiliar faces，I felt I was thrown into total confusion.
看着这些陌生的面孔，我感到自己完全不知所措。
诗歌
The instant Mr Smith announced a poetry competition would be held the next week，I ① .However，when I set about preparing for it，② and I didn’t know what to write.
史密斯先生一宣布下周将举办诗歌比赛，我就毫不犹豫地报名参加了。然而，当我开始为此做准备时，我的头脑一片空白，我不知道该写什么。
续写积累提能练
语料运用
signed up for it without hesitation
my mind went blank
③ (with复合结构)，I walked over to Mr Smith to ask for advice.Learning my confusion，Mr Smith smiled，“You should write whatever comes into your mind.”However，his words ④ .“Really？Just write whatever comes into my mind？” I ⑤ .
With my eyebrows knotting together
我眉头紧锁地走到史密斯先生面前征求建议。 得知我的困惑，史密斯先生笑着说：“你应该想到什么就写什么。”然而，他的话使我完全陷入困惑。我一脸疑惑地问：“真的？把我脑子里想到的都写下来吗？”
threw me into total confusion
asked with a confused look
“Yes，only if you let your imagination fly freely can you write meaningful contents，” said Mr Smith.When I heard this，⑥____________________
.I went back to the classroom，settled down and began my creation.
史密斯先生说道：“是的，只有让你的想象力自由发挥，你才能写出有意义的内容。”当我听到他的话时，我的困惑似乎逐渐消失了。我回到教室，安静下来，开始了我的创作。
my confusion seemed
to disappear gradually
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