Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．bone n．骨头；骨(质)
2．shell n．壳；壳状物
3．carve vt.& vi.雕刻
4．dynasty n．王朝；朝代
5．dialect n．地方话；方言
6．CE(＝Common Era) 公元
7．tongue n．舌头；语言
8．semester n．学期
9．petrol n．(NAmE gas)汽油
10．pants n．[pl.](BrE)内裤；短裤；(especially NAmE)裤子
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．billion num.十亿
2．native adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的
n．本地人
3．attitude n．态度；看法
4．system n．体系；制度；系统
5．despite prep.即使；尽管
6．factor n．因素；要素
7．means n．方式；方法；途径
8．classic adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的
n．经典作品；名著
9．regard n．尊重；关注；(用于信函结尾或转达问候)致意，问候
vt.把……视为；看待
10．calligraphy n．书法；书法艺术
11．affair n．公共事务；事件；关系
12．struggle n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗；艰难地行进，吃力地进行
13．subway n．(BrE underground)地铁
14．apartment n．(especially NAmE)公寓套房
15．gap n．间隔；开口；差距
16．vocabulary n．词汇
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．reference n．指称关系；参考→refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于
2．variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary v．变化；不同→various adj.各种各样的
3．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的；严重的；主修的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究→majority n．大多数
4．symbol n．符号；象征→symbolic adj.象征的；作为象征的
5．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点→characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的；特有的
6．global adj.全球的；全世界的→globe n．地球；地球仪
7．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值→appreciation n．感激；欣赏→appreciative adj.感激的
8．beg vt.恳求；祈求；哀求→beggar n．乞丐
9．demand n．要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问→demanding adj.要求高的
10．description n．描写(文字)；形容→describe vt.描述
11．relate vt.联系；讲述→related adj.相关的→relation/relationship n．联系，关系
12．based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的→base vt.以……为基础；以……为据点 n．底部；根据；总部→basis n．基础；基准→basic adj.基础的→basically adv.大体上；根本上
13．specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specifically adv.特定地；明确地
14．equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的→equally adv.平等地→equality n．平等
积累——构词法 学一法 会一类
1．副词后缀-ly，-ally：形容词变副词一般加-ly，但是basic，specific都是以-ic结尾的形容词，其变副词需要在后边加-ally，该类副词还有：academically学术上；scientifically科学上；dramatically戏剧性地；ironically具有讽刺意味地；enthusiastically热切地；energetically精力充沛地；automatically自动地。
2．常见的副词后缀还有：
-wise(表示“以……方式”)，如：likewise同样地；otherwise否则，要不然；
-ward(s)(表示方向或趋势)，如：afterward(s)后来；upwards(s)向上；backward(s)向后；eastward(s)向东等；
-s(表示时间、地点)，如：downstairs在楼下；upstairs在楼上；outdoors在户外；indoors在室内；nowadays当今，现在。
(1)She married the prince and they lived happily(happy) ever after.
(2)She finds it extremely(extreme) difficult to get a job that has a flexible schedule.
(3)Ironically(ironic)，the book that she felt was her worst sold more copies than any of her others.
(4)There is no doubt that he is much better off than he used to be moneywise.adv.在金钱方面
(5)The mountain air is fine in the evening of the day，and flying birds return together homewards.adv.回家
1．sticky /'stIki/ adj.黏的；闷热的；难办的
2．attribute /' trIbju t/ n．属性；性质；特征 / 'trIbju t/ vt.把……归因于；认为是……所为
3．call forth使产生；引起
4．circulate /'s kj leIt/ vi.& vt.循环；传播
5．moisture /'m Ist (r)/ n．潮气；水汽；水分
6．activate /' ktIveIt/ vt.使活动；激活
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅
2．ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
3．date back (to...)追溯到
4．point of view观点；看法
5．relate to与……相关；涉及；谈到
6．be known for因为……而著名
7．at the beginning起初
8．lead to导致
9．play a role in在……中发挥作用
10．have trouble with在……方面有困难
11．get used to (doing) sth习惯于(做)某事
12．depend on/upon依靠，依赖
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.(why引导的定语从句)
这成为可能的原因颇多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。
2．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.(where引导的定语从句)
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。
3．That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.(be of＋抽象名词)
那种书写体系对于中国人民与中华文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
4．Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.(“no matter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句)
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
5．Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.(“介词＋which”引导的定语从句)
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。
6．As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.(as引导的时间状语从句)
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
体验——析真题长句 知高考难度
(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility，said Edmondson，adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers.
[句式分析] 此句是主从复合句。adding...writers是动词-ing形式作伴随状语，that引导的是宾语从句；walking through the Birthplace Garden是动词-ing形式作后置定语，修饰visitors。
[尝试翻译] 埃德蒙森说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度。他还说，走过出生地花园的游客常常会惊讶地发现这两位伟大作家之间的联系。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每空1分，共5分)
1．bone n．骨头；骨(质)
2．carve vt.& vi.雕刻
3．dynasty n．王朝；朝代
4．dialect n．地方话；方言
5．semester n．学期
Ⅱ.重点单词(每空1分，共10分)
1．native adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的 n．本地人
2．despite prep.即使；尽管
3．factor n．因素；要素
4．attitude n．态度；看法
5．means n．方式；方法；途径
6．struggle n．& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
7．classic adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的 n．经典作品；名著
8．calligraphy n．书法；书法艺术
9．affair n．公共事务；事件；关系
10．regard n．尊重；关注 vt.把……视为；看待
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每空1分，共18分)
1．variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化→vary v．变化；不同→various adj.各种各样的
2．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究→majority n．大多数
3．global adj.全球的；全世界的→globe n．地球；地球仪
4．appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值→appreciation n．感激；欣赏→appreciative adj.感激的
5．specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的→specifically adv.特定地；明确地
6．beg vt.恳求；祈求；哀求→beggar n．乞丐
7．symbol n．符号；象征→symbolic adj.象征的；作为象征的
8．character n．文字；符号；角色；品质；特点→characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的；特有的
Ⅳ.核心短语(每空1分，共6分)
1．ups and downs浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
2．refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅
3．point of view观点；看法
4．relate to与……相关；涉及；谈到
5．play a role in在……中发挥作用
6．at the beginning起初
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共20分)
1．I would like to express my appreciation to all of you.I am completely appreciative of your support.No words are enough to express how I appreciate your assistance.(appreciate)
2．All men are born equal，so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the essential demand.(equal)
3．It is an important and demanding job，so it demands our joint efforts.(demand)
4．I have difficulty describing the tourist attraction，whose beauty is beyond description.(describe)
5．The company whose base is in Beijing desires to build business relationship with us on the basis of trust and mutual benefit and their goods meet our basic requirements.(base)
6．When taking examinations，we are banned from referring to our reference(refer) books.
7．The chairman of the Student Council organizes varieties of activities，varying from English Corner to Speech Competitions.So students can improve various abilities.(variety)
8．I have a lot to say in relation to this affair，because I am closely related to it.(relate)
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共21分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.得知你学好汉语有困难，我写这封信是想给你一些建议。(分词作状语；have trouble doing sth) 2.人们发现学习外语很难的原因是他们没有机会经常接触外语。(why引导定语从句；find＋it＋adj.＋to do) 3.你应该在线上和线下都营造汉语学习的氛围，在这个氛围中你可以尽可能多地体验汉语。(where引导定语从句) 4.此外，你可以读一些简单但原汁原味的中文书籍，从中你可以学到一些基本的汉语词汇以及中国的传统和习俗。(“介词＋which”引导定语从句) 5.当谈到阅读时，不建议你每当遇到生词时就查阅字典。(refer to；whenever引导时间状语从句) Dear Caroline， 1.Learning that you have trouble learning Chinese well，I am writing to give you some advice. 2.The reason why people find it difficult to learn a foreign language is that they have no chance to be exposed to it frequently.So firstly，you should create a Chinese-learning atmosphere both online and offline 3.where you can experience Chinese as much as possible.Besides，you can read some simple but original Chinese books,4.from which you can learn some basic Chinese vocabulary as well as Chinese traditions and customs.When it comes to reading,5.it’s not advisable to refer to a dictionary whenever you come across a new word. Do as I have told you above，and with time going by，I believe you will make much progress in Chinese learning.Best wishes. Yours sincerely， Li Hua
As we all know，English is referred to as an international language,1.widely(wide) used in global affairs.No matter 2.what kind of English people are speaking，native speakers have no trouble 3.understanding(understand) the words like “petrol” “subway” “apartment” “pants” “semester” and other words despite the small differences in vocabulary.However，Chinese，which is increasingly popular around the world，is regarded as the most 4.demanding(demand) language，especially for non-native learners.Firstly，even the commonly-used Putonghua in China is hard enough to learn，let alone 5.varieties(variety) of dialects.Secondly，Chinese characters are abstract symbols for them.The writing system，dating back to the Shang Dynasty when people carved something with specific meanings 6.on bones or shells，is like strange pictures.However，based on the common 7.appreciation(appreciate) of these characters，some classic works are still read now and by this means we can know more about the ups and downs in ancient times.Besides，calligraphy is also an art form closely 8.related(relate) to Chinese culture.9.To bridge(bridge) the gap between cultures，the two languages both play an equally important role，for 10.which we should work hard on it，especially as we students.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于(reference n．提及，涉及；指称关系；参考；参考书目)
·refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅 refer...to...把……送交给……；让(人)参考…… refer to...as...把……称作…… ·in/with reference to sb/sth 关于 reference books/material(s)参考书/参考资料
(1)There are varieties of reference(refer) books designed for English beginners and you can choose whichever are suitable for you.
(2)剪纸通常用于装饰门窗，因此有时被称为窗花。(话题写作之传统文化)
Generally，the paper-cuts are used to decorate doors and windows，and thus sometimes they are referred to as Window Flower/Chuanghua.
(3)我写信是为了介绍一些关于中国近年来所取得的成就方面的信息。(2024·北京，书面表达)
I am writing to introduce some information in/with reference to China’s achievements in recent years.
base vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n．底部；根据[based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的 basic adj.基本的；基础的 basis n．基础 basically adv.大体上；基本上]
·base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上 be based on/upon...以……为基础 ·on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期 on the basis of在……的基础上
(1)I attend yoga classes to maintain my physical and mental well-being on a regular basis(base)．
(2)I suggest that you consider grouping students based(base) on their language proficiency or learning style.(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
(3)得知您本周末将拜访一个中国家庭，我写信是想告诉您一些基本的餐桌礼仪。(应用文写作之告知信)
Learning that you are to visit a Chinese family this weekend，I’m writing to inform you of/about some basic table manners.
(4)正如谚语所言：“独木难成林。”我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Just as the saying goes，“One tree doesn’t make a forest”，our success is based on/upon cooperating with others.
major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 vi.主修，专门研究 n．主修课程；主修学生(majority n．大部分；大多数)
·major in主修…… ·a/the majority of大多数 in a/the majority占大多数
(1)Inspired by the beauty of Chinese characters，I will major in calligraphy at university in the future.
(2)据调查，赞成分组学习的学生占大多数。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
As surveyed，students in favor of studying in groups are in a/the majority.
(3)有些人中途放弃了，但是大部分参赛者都成功跑到了终点。
Some people gave up halfway，but a/the majority of the participants made it to the finishing line.
means n．方法；方式；途径
a means of一种……的方法(means的单复数同形) by all means可以；当然行；没问题 by means of借助……手段；依靠……方法 by no means决不，无论如何也不，一点都不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)
(1)Every possible means has been tried(try)，but none works perfectly.
(2)Ancient people recorded what had happened by means of carving varieties of symbols with specific meanings onto shells or bones.
(3)没有你的慷慨帮助和指导，我根本不可能提高我的英语水平。
By no means can I improve my English without your generous help and guidance.(倒装句)
appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值(appreciation n．欣赏；感激 appreciative adj.感激的；欣赏的)
·appreciate (one’s) doing sth 喜欢/感激(某人)做某事 I would appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激。 ·express/convey one’s appreciation 表达某人的感激之情
(1)如果您能尽早回复我，我将非常感激。(应用文写作之结尾句)
①I would really appreciate your replying to me at your earliest convenience.(appreciate one’s doing)
②I would really appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.(I would appreciate it if...)
(2)我写信表达我对你的感激之情，感谢你在我逗留伦敦期间为我所做的一切。(应用文写作之感谢信)
I’m writing to express/convey my appreciation for what you have done for me during my stay in London.
(3)我相信这个工坊意义重大，因为它为学生提供一个了解中华文化、欣赏中华文化之美的机会。(2023·天津6月，书面表达)
I believe this workshop is significant because it provides an opportunity for students to learn about Chinese culture and appreciate its beauty.
equal n．同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的 v．与……相等，等于；比得上 (equality n．平等；相等 equally adv.相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地)
·be without equal＝have no equal无与伦比 ·be equal to sth/doing sth 等于/胜任(做)某事 ·equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
(1)From my point of view，he is without equal in playing basketball.
(2)首先，没人能在英语口语方面比得过我。同样重要的是，我擅长与他人交流。因此，我坚信我能胜任博览会志愿者的工作。(应用文写作之申请信)
Firstly，nobody can equal me in oral English.What is equally important is that I am good at communicating with others.So I hold the firm belief that I am equal to the job as a volunteer for the fair.
demand n．需求；要求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问(demanding adj.要求高的)
·demand to do sth 要求做某事 demand that...要求……(从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可省略) ·be in (great) demand需求量大 meet/satisfy one’s demand(s)满足某人的需求
(1)Nowadays science graduates are in greater demand because advanced science has created more demanding(demand) jobs.
(2)我强烈要求在山间骑马。为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求我和父亲顺着这条道走，以防迷路。
I demanded to take a horse ride in the mountains.To meet/satisfy my demand，my uncle demanded that my father and I (should) keep to the track in case we could get lost.
be of＋抽象名词 That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.那种书写体系对于中国人民与中华文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
“be of＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的性质。常见的抽象名词有importance，value，use，help，benefit，significance等，这些名词可用great，little，some，any，no，not，much等修饰，用以说明程度。
(1)The majority of students consider that watching English movies is beneficial(benefit) to their English learning.(2022·全国乙，书面表达)
→The majority of students consider that watching English movies is of benefit to their English learning.
(2)理解一件艺术作品的历史背景对于充分欣赏它的美和意义是至关重要的。
Understanding the historical context of a work of art is significant/of significance to fully appreciate its beauty and meaning.
(3)你给我们的建议证明很有价值，没有它我们就不可能实现我们的目标。
The advice you gave us proved to be of great value/greatly valuable，without which we couldn’t have achieved our goals.
“no matter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句 Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
·“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。 ·whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。 ·whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句；在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
(1)The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins first place in the bicycle race.
(2)Whatever happens，there is always an approach to solving it in the end.
(3)意志坚定的人会想尽一切办法来实现他们的目标，不管他们有多艰辛。
Determined people will try all means to achieve their goals，however/no matter how hard they are.
(4)无论你何时需要帮助，我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地跟我联系。
Whenever/No matter when you need help，I sincerely hope that you can contact me without hesitation.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．His latest book creates several typical characters① of Chinese women，each of whom has a strong character②.It is a book of romantic character③.However，this book is available only in Chinese characters④，not in other languages.
①n.人物，角色 ②n.性格，品质 ③n.特点，特色 ④n.文字
2．The expert related to① some scientific terms related to② environmental protection in his speech，and most people present all related to③ them.
①谈到，涉及 ②与……有关 ③理解
3．I major① in urban planning and the main② content of my major③ subjects focuses on solving the major④ problem with parking in many cities.Being a major⑤ in urban planning，I am busy on a daily basis.
①vi.主修 ②adj.主要的，重要的 ③adj.(课程)主修的 ④adj.严重的 ⑤n.主修学生
4．I would appreciate① it a lot if you could deliver one copy of your latest works for us to appreciate②，so we could better appreciate③ the intention of your writing.
①v.感激，感谢 ②v.欣赏 ③v.理解
5．Based① on his oral instruction，I successfully found the base② of their company，which was actually an apartment located at the edge of town.Inside the apartment，I saw an old lamp with a heavy base③.
①adj.以……为根据的 ②n.据点，基地；大本营 ③n.底部；底座
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．The beauty of the sunset is really beyond description(describe) and it can take your breath away.
2．Human beings are regarded(regard) as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
3．The tsunami referred(refer) to in the report swept away about 2,000 people，shocking the rest of the country.
4．The novel which was popular with readers was based on/upon an earthquake which struck Wenchuan in 2008.
5．The tower dating(date) back to the Ming Dynasty was seriously destroyed in the flood.
6．There is no denying that human beings have suffered a lot on account of varieties(variety) of disasters.
7．She learned to play the piano by means of patient practice and under the guidance of an experienced teacher.
8．Despite the obstacle and confusion on the road，the horse eventually reached its destination with determination.
9．Globally(global)，a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don’t make it to adulthood，so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.(2021·新课标Ⅱ)
10．It is widely acknowledged that wisdom and efforts are equally(equal) important for success.
2022·天津6月改编 假设你是高中口语社成员李津。为招募新成员，口语社请你用英语为社团纳新活动录制一段短视频，请你按照以下要点，撰写视频的文字稿： 1.邀请大家加入社团；2.介绍社团的主要活动；3.谈谈你加入社团以来的收获。
完成句子
1．如你所见，我们社团正在举办各种各样的活动，如英语演讲比赛、诗歌朗诵等。(various/variety；be being done)
2．口语社成员会定期聚集在一起，在外教的指导下参加英语角。(on a regular basis)
3．外教要求我们看英文电影并为之配音(dub)，这是我最喜欢的部分。(demand that...)
4．总之，英语口语社对英语学习者很有益处。(be of＋抽象名词)
5．任何对英语口语感兴趣的人，都可以跟我们一起徜徉在丰富的英语世界。(whoever)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
参考范文
Hi! My name is Li Jin，a member from Spoken English Club.I am here to introduce our club and expecting your joining.
As you can see，various/varieties of activities are being held in our club，such as English Speech Contest，Poetry Recitation，etc.What’s more，our members will gather together on a regular basis to participate in the English Corner under the guidance/instruction of our foreign teachers.
Now，our foreign teachers demand that we (should) appreciate an English film and dub it，which is my favorite part.Not only does it build up my courage and confidence but it also helps me make more friends and enriches my life with a new experience.All in all，the Spoken English Club is of great benefit to us English learners.
Whoever is interested in oral English can join us to wander in a rich English world.Below the screen is the telephone number.Looking forward to your joining.
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写] attitude；despite；ups and downs；appreciate v．→ appreciation n．
[动作描写] refer to；major；regard；struggle；demand；relate to
美句 1.My biggest headache is how to be polite in English.(比喻) 2.If I’m talking to a close friend，I can...But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me，I must...If I’m talking to someone senior to me，then I should say...(排比) 3.One language sets you in a corridor for life.Two languages open every door along the way.(主旨升华)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：恐惧(二)
单词 tremble/shake v．颤抖；sweat v．& n．出汗；freeze v．吓呆；flee v．逃离；scream v．惊声尖叫
词块 be rooted to the spot定在原地；one’s knees feel weak(吓得)膝盖发软；break out in a cold sweat突然冒出一身冷汗；make one’s hair stand on end使某人毛骨悚然；have one’s heart in one’s mouth某人的心提到嗓子眼；a chill deep down in one’s bones毛骨悚然；let out a scream of horror发出惊声尖叫
句型 1.The horror movie made my hair stand on end.那部恐怖电影让我毛骨悚然。 2.I could feel my heart pounding wildly and my palms sweating.我能够感觉到我的心怦怦跳，手心直冒汗。 3.My heart seems to stand still when I got the terrible news.(夸张)听到这个骇人的消息，我的心几乎停止了跳动。 4.My heart almost jumped into my mouth when the bear approached me.当那只熊向我靠近时，我的心一下子提到嗓子眼了。 5.He wanted to run away but found himself rooted to the spot.他想逃离，却发现自己一动也不能动。
语料运用 英语演讲
Then came my turn.Standing on the stage，I could ①feel my heart pounding wildly and my palms sweating.②So nervous was I that(倒装结构) my mind completely went blank.I wanted to flee，but I was rooted to the spot，③with my knees weak(with复合结构)．I struggled to think hard，④attempting to refer to my notes(分词作状语)，though it was not allowed.My hands trembled so wildly that my speech script slid onto the ground.Summer day as it was，I ⑤broke out in a cold sweat.“Help me please！” I could hear a desperate voice ringing in my mind.
然后轮到我了。站在舞台上，我可以感觉我的心怦怦直跳，掌心出汗。我太紧张了以至于脑子一片空白。我想逃跑，却根本动不了，我的膝盖发软。我努力思考，试图查阅我的笔记，尽管这是不被允许的。我的手颤抖得太厉害了，我的演讲稿滑到了地上。尽管是炎炎夏日，我突然出了一身冷汗。“帮帮我吧！”我能听到一个绝望的声音在我的脑海中响起。
单元主题组合练
[62.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
When learning a foreign language，most people ①fall back on traditional methods：reading，writing，listening and repeating.But if you also ②gesture with your arms while studying，you can remember the vocabulary better，even months later.Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement strengthens the memory of its meaning.This is the recent finding of neuroscientist Mathias and his colleagues.
As Mathias’ team describes in the Journal of Neuroscience，they had 22 German-speaking adults learn a total of 90 invented artificial words (such as “lamube” for “camera，” and “atesi” for “thought”) over four days.While the test subjects first heard the new vocabulary，they were shown a video of a person making a gesture that matched the meaning of the word at the same time.When the word was repeated，the subjects performed the gesture themselves.
Five months later，they were asked to translate the vocabulary they had learned into German in multiple-choice test.At the same time，they had equipment attached to their heads that sent weak distracting signals to their primary motor cortex—the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements.When these signals were active，the subjects found it harder to recall the words accompanied by gestures.When the equipment sent no distracting signals (but still appeared to the subjects to be active)，they found it easier to remember the words.The researchers concluded that the motor cortex contributed to the translation of the vocabulary learned with gestures.This applied to concrete words，such as “camera”，as well as abstract ones，such as “thought”．
The study indicates that the adult brain uses motor areas to remember foreign-language words.“I think we under-use gesture in our classrooms，” Mathias says.“People use it ③subconsciously，if they’re good teachers and good listeners，but we don’t necessarily bring it into the class if we don’t think about it—and it could be used more often and more effectively.”
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述研究者通过实验发现当人们学习词汇时，通过手势进行辅助学习可以更好地记住词汇的意思。
1．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined part “invented artificial words” in paragraph 2
A．Technical terms.
B．Newly discovered symbols.
C．Words referring to the latest inventions.
D．Random combination of letters with assigned meanings.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线部分后面的“such as ‘lamube’ for ‘camera，’and ‘atesi’ for ‘thought’”可知，“发明的人造单词”指的是“具有指定含义的字母的随机组合”，故选D。
2．Why was equipment attached to subjects’ heads during the test
A．To count words.
B．To record emotion.
C．To influence brain activity.
D．To give clues to questions.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“At the same time，they had equipment attached to their heads that sent weak distracting signals to their primary motor cortex—the brain area that controls voluntary arm movements.”可知，在受试者头部安装设备是为了影响大脑活动，故选C。
3．What does Mathias think of the current use of gestures in classrooms
A．Irregular. B．Overestimated.
C．Misleading. D．Inadequate.
答案 D
解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段中“‘I think we under-use gesture in our classrooms，’ Mathias says.”可知，Mathias认为目前课堂上没有充分运用手势。故选D。
4．In which section of a magazine may this text appear
A．Fashion. B．Lifestyle.
C．Mind & Brain. D．Health & Exercise.
答案 C
解析 文章出处题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement strengthens the memory of its meaning.This is the recent finding of neuroscientist Mathias and his colleagues.”可知，文章主要讲述研究者通过实验发现当人们学习词汇时，将单词与大脑中负责运动的区域联系起来可以更好地记住词汇的意思。故本文应是出自杂志中的“思维和大脑”部分，故选C。
语境猜词 ①fall back on求助于；借助于；依靠 ②gesture(转)n.→v.做手势 ③subconsciously(派)＝sub＋conscious＋ly adv.潜意识地
B
Babies as young as 4 months old who are born into a bilingual(双语的) environment show distinct and potentially ①advantageous brain patterns for speech processing.Our early-life experiences can have lifelong effects on our behavior.The brain is most sensitive to its environment during the first year of life，which is thought to be a critical period for language development.
Previous studies have looked into the brain mechanisms that underlie(构成……的基础) speech processing in babies who hear just one language.To better understand this in bilingual-exposed infants，Borja Blanco at the University of Cambridge and his colleagues compared how 31 babies who only heard Spanish and 26 babies who heard Spanish and Basque，all aged 4 months，responded to Spanish recordings of The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry.
The team used an imaging technique called ②functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to measure changes in brain activities.In the Spanish-only babies，the recordings caused activation in areas that play a role in speech processing.In the bilingual-exposed babies，the recordings similarly evoked these responses，but they were larger and wider.These infants also had activation in equivalent areas of their brains’ right hemispheres(脑半球)．When the recordings were then played backwards as a control arm of the experiment，the infants exposed to just Spanish had larger responses to the backwards speech，while those to Spanish and Basque had similar brain patterns as before.This may be because the bilingual infants take longer to register their primary language，in this case Spanish，as hearing both this and Basque reduces their ③overall exposure to either language.
If this is the case，it could help them be sensitive to linguistic differences and enable them to learn to distinguish between languages at a younger age.The researchers note that a bilingual environment stimulates changes in the brain mechanisms underlying speech processing in young infants，adding weight to the idea that the neural basis of learning two or more languages is established very early in life.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。剑桥大学的一项研究表明，双语环境会刺激婴儿大脑语言处理机制的变化，这进一步证实了学习两种或两种以上语言的神经基础在生命早期就已经建立起来的观点。文章对这项研究进行了介绍。
5．Why was the study conducted
A．To reveal the impact of bilingual exposure.
B．To confirm the pattern of brain mechanism.
C．To conclude the factors for speech processing.
D．To explore the potentials for language development.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段“Previous studies have looked into the brain mechanisms that underlie(构成……的基础) speech processing in babies who hear just one language.To better understand this in bilingual-exposed infants...”可知，之所以进行这项研究是为了揭示双语环境对婴儿大脑机制的影响。故选A。
6．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Theory basis.
B．Study methods.
C．Research findings.
D．Technical assistance.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。根据第三段第二句至倒数第二句可知，第三段主要是介绍这项研究的发现。故选C。
7．What can we learn from the research
A．Bilingual-exposed babies are more critical.
B．Bilingual-exposed babies are more linguistically sensitive.
C．Bilingual-exposure reduces babies’ linguistic competence.
D．Bilingual-exposure reduces babies’ overall language exposure.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“If this is the case，it could help them be sensitive to linguistic differences and enable them to learn to distinguish between languages at a younger age.”可知，双语环境下的婴儿对语言差异更敏感。故选B。
8．Which of the following statements might the researchers agree with
A．Immigrants speak better languages.
B．Mixed race families own more linguistic potential.
C．Exchange students show greater learning capability.
D．Overseas workers have higher language proficiency.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“The researchers note that a bilingual environment stimulates changes in the brain mechanisms underlying speech processing in young infants，adding weight to the idea that the neural basis of learning two or more languages is established very early in life.”可知，研究人员指出，学习两种或两种以上语言的神经基础在生命早期就已经建立起来了，由此可推知，研究人员可能会认同“混血家庭拥有更多的语言潜力”这个观点。故选B。
语境猜词 ①advantageous(派)＝advantage＋ous adj.有利的；有好处的 ②functional(派)＝function＋al adj.功能的 ③overall(合)＝over＋all adj.全面的；总体的
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Now we are living in a world where digital distractions(干扰) seem everywhere.Finding ①inventive ways to arrest your children’s attention without relying on screens is a parenting challenge. 1 Trying the following tips can help you keep your children away from the digital world and immerse(沉浸在) them in a world of creative exploration and meaningful connections.
2 Your backyard can be transformed into a magical place where they can discover hidden treasures，observe insects and create nature-inspired art.Organise a treasure hunt with themed clues，stimulating their curiosity and turning the backyard into a canvas for their imaginative adventures.
Turn your kitchen into a busy cooking laboratory. 3 Involve them in ②age-appropriate cooking or baking activities，developing a love for experimenting with ingredients and learning valuable cooking skills.From decorating cookies to preparing simple，kid-friendly meals，the kitchen becomes a space for creativity and shared family experiences.
Transform a comfortable corner of your home into a storytelling place.You children will immerse themselves in the world of books by creating a collection of their favourites. 4 This not only cultivates(培养) a love for literature but also enhances their communication skills and imagination.
Revive the joy of traditional board games and card games during family game nights.You can transform your living room into a place of laughter and friendly competition.Games can vary from classics like Monopoly and Scrabble to modern strategy games. 5
A．Tailor the activities to their interests.
B．But it is a rewarding adventure as well.
C．Step into the great outdoors with your little explorers.
D．Your little ones can put on their chef hats and aprons there.
E．These hands-on activities provide an insight into scientific principles.
F．They can also make DIY models，bringing their favourite characters to life.
G．These activities provide not only entertainment but also opportunities for bonding.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种不依靠屏幕就能吸引孩子注意力的创新方法。
1．答案 B
解析 根据上文“Finding inventive ways to arrest your children’s attention without relying on screens is a parenting challenge.”和下文“Trying the following tips can help you keep your children away from the digital world and immerse(沉浸在) them in a world of creative exploration and meaningful connections.”可知，设空处与上文为转折关系，应说明其益处。故B项“但这也是一次有益的冒险”符合语境，且引出下文介绍的方法。故选B。
2．答案 C
解析 根据下文“Your backyard can be transformed into a magical place where they can discover hidden treasures，observe insects and create nature-inspired art.”可知，本段主要告诉我们要和孩子一起去户外。故C项“和你的小探险家一起走进美妙的户外”切题，适合作为本段的小标题。故选C。
3．答案 D
解析 根据上文“Turn your kitchen into a busy cooking laboratory.”可知，设空处承接上文说明你的孩子可以在厨房里做什么。故D选项“你的孩子们可以在那里穿上厨师帽和围裙”切题。故选D。
4．答案 F
解析 根据上文“Transform a comfortable corner of your home into a storytelling place.You children will immerse themselves in the world of books by creating a collection of their favourites.”和下文“This not only cultivates(培养) a love for literature but also enhances their communication skills and imagination.”可知，设空处与上文为并列关系，继续说明在角落里还可以做什么。故F选项“他们还可以DIY模型，使他们最喜欢的人物鲜活起来”切题。故选F。
5．答案 G
解析 根据上文“You can transform your living room into a place of laughter and friendly competition.Games can vary from classics like Monopoly and Scrabble to modern strategy games.”可知，设空处承接上文说明这些活动的意义。故G选项“这些活动不仅提供娱乐，也提供了建立纽带的机会”切题。故选G。
语境猜词 ①inventive(派)＝invent＋ive adj.有创意的，有新意的 ②age-appropriate(合)＝age＋appropriate adj.适龄的
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
Juliette and I knew each other seven years ago through the foreign exchange organised by our schools.We started as pen friends—the 1 ink and paper kind.The letters introduced us to each other and a new 2 .
When we eventually met 3 ，I felt like we were already friends.I wanted to be able to speak to her in her native language as 4 as I do in English.It gives me a 5 for learning French.
I stayed with her family in Laval. 6 her school helped me grasp French.I remember how 7 I felt on the few occasions I knew the answers to questions during classes.I also remember 8 a police officer in French after my passport had been stolen.The passport was found，and I gained new 9 in my ability to solve problems in French.
Although we speak 10 on the social media now，I’ve kept all of our letters.They are the 11 ①representation of our friendship and language learning.
I was pleased to hear that the French exchange at my old school is still 12 and now has 100 students involved.Apps and online courses are the latest 13 ，making pen pals and post 14 .But we shouldn’t ignore this unique method of 15 languages.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了和笔友Juliette的书信交流以及自己学习法语的过程。
1．A.expensive B．old-fashioned
C．creative D．long-lost
答案 B
解析 expensive昂贵的；old-fashioned过时的，老式的；creative有创造力的；long-lost很久不见的，杳无音信的。根据上文“Juliette and I knew each other seven years ago”和下文“Although we speak on the social media now，I’ve kept all of our letters.”可知，作者和Juliette七年前用的是纸和墨写信交流，与现在的社交媒体相比，那是一种过时的方式。故选B。
2．A.language B．friend
C．lifestyle D．hobby
答案 A
解析 language语言；friend朋友；lifestyle生活方式；hobby业余爱好。根据下文“Although we speak on the social media now，I’ve kept all of our letters.They are the representation of our friendship and language learning.”可知，这些信代表着作者与Juliette的友谊和两人的语言学习；language是原词复现。故选A。
3．A.at random B．at hand
C．in person D．in turn
答案 C
解析 at random随机地；at hand近在手边，在附近；in person亲自；in turn反过来。根据句中“met”可知，两个人见面了；meet in person“会面”。故选C。
4．A.openly B．sharply
C．briefly D．easily
答案 D
解析 openly公开地；sharply严厉地；briefly简短地；easily容易地。根据句中“speak to her in her native language”和状语从句“as I do in English”可知，作者希望自己能用Juliette的母语和她交谈，像自己说英文一样容易。故选D。
5．A.choice B．reason
C．reward D．credit
答案 B
解析 choice选择；reason原因，理由；reward奖励；credit信用。根据上文可知，作者希望自己能像说英文一样用Juliette的母语和Juliette交谈。这是作者学习法语的原因。故选B。
6．A.Assessing B．Leaving
C．Attending D．Building
答案 C
解析 assess评价；leave离开；attend定期去(学校等)；build建造。根据句中“her school helped me grasp French”和下文“during classes”可推知，去Juliette的学校上学帮助了作者学法语。故选C。
7．A.proud B．calm
C．surprised D．confused
答案 A
解析 proud自豪的；calm镇静的；surprised惊讶的；confused困惑的。根据句中“on the few occasions I knew the answers to questions during classes”可推知，在法语课堂上能回答问题会让作者感到自豪。故选A。
8．A.arguing with B．talking to
C．coming across D．waiting for
答案 B
解析 argue with和……争吵；talk to与……谈话；come across偶遇；wait for等待。根据句中“in French”可知，在护照被偷后，作者用法语和警察交谈。故选B。
9．A.responsibility B．power
C．confidence D．interest
答案 C
解析 responsibility责任；power力量；confidence自信；interest兴趣。根据上文可知，在护照被偷后，作者与警察用法语进行了交流，结合句中“The passport was found”可知，交流很成功，作者找回了护照，这当然会增加作者对自己用法语解决问题的能力的信心。故选C。
10．A.secretly B．occasionally
C．mainly D．casually
答案 C
解析 secretly秘密地；occasionally偶然；mainly主要地；casually随意地。根据句中“on the social media now”并结合常识可知，作者和Juliette现在主要用社交媒体聊天。故选C。
11．A.physical B．abstract
C．artistic D．legal
答案 A
解析 physical物质的，有形的；abstract抽象的；artistic艺术的；legal合法的。根据句中“representation of our friendship and language learning”可知，作者和Juliette的往来书信是友谊和语言学习的有形表现形式。故选A。
12．A.running B．falling
C．struggling D．cheating
答案 A
解析 run发生，进行；fall落下；struggle奋斗；cheat欺骗。根据句中“and now has 100 students involved”可知，法语交流项目仍在进行。故选A。
13．A.research B．trends
C．software D．editions
答案 B
解析 research研究；trend趋势；software软件；edition版本。结合常识和上文“Although we speak on the social media now”可知，现在的人们都用社交媒体交流，所以应用程序和在线课程是最新的趋势。故选B。
14．A.useful B．popular
C．precious D．②dated
答案 D
解析 useful有用的；popular受欢迎的；precious珍贵的；dated过时的。结合上文可知，现在人们都倾向用应用程序交流，所以笔友和帖子就变得过时了。故选D。
15．A.appreciating B．speaking
C．discovering D．teaching
答案 D
解析 appreciate欣赏；speak发言；discover发现；teach教学。根据上文“They are the representation of our friendship and language learning.”可知，作者通过与Juliette写信的方式来学习语言，所以写信也是一种独特的语言教学方法。故选D。
语境猜词 ①representation(派)＝represent＋ation n．表现；表现形式 ②dated(派)＝date＋d adj.过时的
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·安徽滁州质量监测)
Language is naturally acquired when children are able to use it ①pleasurably，and language acquisition by children 1. (them) saves both time and labour，said English-language education expert Chen Yaping.
Based 2. observation and study，the professor at the School of English and International Studies at Beijing Foreign Studies University and director of its Child Language Research Centre said Chinese children 3. (common) lack access to genuine English dialogues for learning and using 4. language.
Chen 5. (suggest) that children make use of dialogues that meet actual daily needs and read 6. (grade) materials or picture books that ②match their cognitive(认知的) level and interest，which are of practical use.
She said that reading is a shortcut to learning English in a foreign language environment，as quality reading materials introduce children to genuine dialogues they can reproduce in real-life 7.___________ (conversation)．
“Children read because they love to read，not because they are told that reading is important for learning English.We should allow them 8. (give) up reading a book halfway through and pick up another one 9. they are more interested in，” said Chen.
She added that relieving anxiety，making children feel safe，and allowing them to experience a sense of 10. (achieve) are vital to learning English.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英语教育专家陈亚平提出的儿童英语学习方法——让孩子们享受学习英语的过程，利用符合实际需要和实用性的对话和阅读材料来促进英语学习。同时，她还强调了缓解焦虑、让孩子们感到安全和成就感对于英语学习的重要性。
1．答案 themselves
解析 考查代词。分析句子可知，此处表示“孩子们自己”，故使用反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。
2．答案 on
解析 考查介词。(be) based on为固定短语，意为“以……为基础”。故填on。
3．答案 commonly
解析 考查副词。分析句子可知，设空处使用common的副词形式作状语，修饰动词lack。故填commonly。
4．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。此处特指英语这种语言，故使用定冠词。故填the。
5．答案 suggested
解析 考查动词时态。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，根据下一段的She said以及语境可知，句子表述过去发生的动作，故使用一般过去时。故填suggested。
6．答案 graded
解析 考查形容词。分析句子可知，设空处使用grade的形容词形式graded作定语，修饰名词materials，意为“分等级的”。故填graded。
7．答案 conversations
解析 考查名词复数。分析句子可知，设空处使用名词作宾语，conversation为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填conversations。
8．答案 to give
解析 考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth意为“允许某人去做某事”，故设空处使用不定式结构。故填to give。
9．答案 that
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词another one，在从句中作宾语。故填that。
10．答案 achievement
解析 考查名词。a sense of achievement意为“一种成就感”，achievement在此处为不可数名词。故填achievement。
语境猜词 ①pleasurably(派)＝pleasur(e)＋abl(e)＋y adv.愉快地；怡然 ②match(熟义：n.比赛) 生义(文义)：v.相配(共83张PPT)
Languages Around the World
必修第一册 Unit 5
内容索引
排查基础知识
突破核心考点
提升写作能力
排查基础知识
Part One
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
n.骨头；骨(质)
n.壳；壳状物
vt.& vi.雕刻
n.王朝；朝代
n.地方话；方言
公元
1
bone
2
shell
3
carve
4
dynasty
知识速记
5
dialect
6
CE(＝Common Era)
n.舌头；语言
n.学期
n.(NAmE gas)汽油
n.[pl.](BrE)内裤；短裤；(especially NAmE)裤子
7
tongue
8
semester
9
petrol
10
pants
num.十亿
adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的
n.本地人
n.态度；看法
n.体系；制度；系统
prep.即使；尽管
n.因素；要素
1
billion
2
native
3
attitude
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
4
system
5
despite
6
factor
n.方式；方法；途径
adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的
n.经典作品；名著
n.尊重；关注；(用于信函结尾或转达问候)致意，问候
vt.把……视为；看待
n.书法；书法艺术
n.公共事务；事件；关系
7
means
8
classic
9
regard
10
calligraphy
11
affair
n.& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗；艰难地行进，吃力地进行
n.(BrE underground)地铁
n.(especially NAmE)公寓套房
n.间隔；开口；差距
n.词汇
12
struggle
13
subway
14
apartment
15
gap
16
vocabulary
1
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
reference n.指称关系；参考
→refer vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于
2
variety n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体 ；多样化
→vary v.变化；不同
→various adj.各种各样的
3
4
major adj.主要的；重要的 ；大的；严重的；主修的
n.主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究
→majority n.大多数
symbol n.符号 ；象征
→symbolic adj.象征的；作为象征的
5
6
character n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
→characteristic n.特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的；特有的
global adj.全球的；全世界的
→globe n.地球；地球仪
7
8
appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值
→appreciation n.感激；欣赏
→appreciative adj.感激的
beg vt.恳求；祈求；哀求
→beggar n.乞丐
9
10
demand n.要求；需求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问
→demanding adj.要求高的
description n.描写(文字)；形容
→describe vt.描述
11
relate vt.联系；讲述
→related adj.相关的
→relation/relationship n.联系，关系
12
based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的
→base vt.以……为基础；以……为据点 n.底部；根据；总部
→basis n.基础；基准
→basic adj.基础的
→basically adv.大体上；根本上
13
specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的
→specifically adv.特定地；明确地
14
equal n.同等的人 ；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的
→equally adv.平等地
→equality n.平等
1.副词后缀-ly，-ally：形容词变副词一般加-ly，但是basic，specific都是以-ic结尾的形容词，其变副词需要在后边加-ally，该类副词还有：academically学术上；scientifically科学上；dramatically戏剧性地；ironically具有讽刺意味地；enthusiastically热切地；energetically精力充沛地；automatically自动地。
积累 —— 构词法 学一法 会一类
2.常见的副词后缀还有：
-wise(表示“以……方式”)，如：likewise同样地；otherwise否则，要不然；
-ward(s)(表示方向或趋势)，如：afterward(s)后来；upwards(s)向上；backward(s)向后；eastward(s)向东等；
-s(表示时间、地点)，如：downstairs在楼下；upstairs在楼上；outdoors在户外；indoors在室内；nowadays当今，现在。
积累 —— 构词法 学一法 会一类
(1)She married the prince and they lived (happy) ever after.
(2)She finds it (extreme) difficult to get a job that has a flexible schedule.
(3) (ironic)，the book that she felt was her worst sold more copies than any of her others.
(4)There is no doubt that he is much better off than he used to be moneywise.
(5)The mountain air is fine in the evening of the day，and flying birds return together homewards.
积累 —— 构词法 学一法 会一类
________________
__________
adv.在金钱方面
adv.回家
happily
extremely
Ironically
sticky /'stIki/ adj.黏的；闷热的；难办的
attribute /' trIbju t/ n.属性；性质；特征
/ 'trIbju t/ vt.把……归因于；认为是……所为
call forth 使产生；引起
circulate /'s kj leIt/ vi.& vt.循环；传播
1
3
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
2
4
moisture /'m Ist (r)/ n.潮气；水汽；水分
activate /' ktIveIt/ vt.使活动；激活
5
6
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
1
2
refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
date back (to...) 追溯到
point of view 观点；看法
relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到
be known for 因为……而著名
at the beginning 起初
lead to 导致
3
4
5
6
Ⅳ.背核心短语
7
8
9
10
play a role in 在……中发挥作用
have trouble with 在……方面有困难
get used to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事
depend on/upon 依靠，依赖
11
12
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1
There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.(why引导的定语从句)
这成为可能的原因颇多，但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。
2
Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction.(where引导的定语从句)
秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后，在这个统一的国家里，汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。
3
That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.(be of＋抽象名词)
那种书写体系对于中国人民与中华文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
4
Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.(“no matter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句)
即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
5
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present is connected with its past.(“介词＋which”引导的定语从句)
汉字也成为连接中国现在与过去的一个重要媒介。
6
As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.(as引导的时间状语从句)
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility，said Edmondson，adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers.
[句式分析] 此句是 句。adding...writers是动词-ing形式作 ，that引导的是 从句；walking through the Birthplace Garden是动词-ing形式作 ，修饰visitors。
[尝试翻译] ________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
体验 —— 析真题长句 知高考难度
主从复合
伴随状语
宾语
后置定语
埃德蒙森说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度。他还说，走过出生地花园的游客常常会惊讶地发现这两位伟大作家之间的联系。
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.bone n._____________
2.carve vt.& vi._______
3.dynasty n.____________
4.dialect n._____________
5.semester n.______
骨头；骨(质)
默写巩固
词汇默写
雕刻
王朝；朝代
地方话；方言
学期
Ⅱ.重点单词
1.________ adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的
n.本地人
2.________ prep.即使；尽管
3._______ n.因素；要素
4.________ n.态度；看法
5._______ n.方式；方法；途径
6._________ n.& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗
7.________ adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的
n.经典作品；名著
native
despite
factor
attitude
means
struggle
classic
8.____________ n.书法；书法艺术
9._______ n.公共事务；事件；关系
10.________ n.尊重；关注
vt.把……视为；看待
calligraphy
affair
regard
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1.________ n.(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
→______ v.变化；不同
→________ adj.各种各样的
2.________ adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n.主修课程；主修学生
vi.主修；专门研究
→__________ n.大多数
3.________ adj.全球的；全世界的
→_______ n.地球；地球仪
variety
vary
various
major
majority
global
globe
4.__________ vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值
→____________ n.感激；欣赏
→____________ adj.感激的
5.________ adj.特定的；明确的；具体的
→__________ adv.特定地；明确地
6._____ vt.恳求；祈求；哀求
→________ n.乞丐
7.________ n.符号；象征
→__________ adj.象征的；作为象征的
appreciate
appreciation
appreciative
specific
specifically
beg
beggar
symbol
symbolic
8.__________ n.文字；符号；角色；品质；特点
→_____________ n.特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的；特有的
character
characteristic
Ⅳ.核心短语
1._______________ 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱
2.________ 指的是；描述；提到；查阅
3._____________ 观点；看法
4._________ 与……相关；涉及；谈到
5._____________ 在……中发挥作用
6._______________ 起初
ups and downs
refer to
point of view
relate to
play a role in
at the beginning
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.I would like to express my to all of you.I am completely _____________ of your support.No words are enough to express how I ___________ your assistance.(appreciate)
2.All men are born ，so everyone hopes to be treated __________ because is the essential demand.(equal)
3.It is an important and job，so it our joint efforts.(demand)
默写巩固
语境运用
appreciation
appreciative
appreciate
equal
equally
equality
demanding
demands
4.I have difficulty the tourist attraction，whose beauty is beyond .(describe)
5.The company whose is in Beijing desires to build business relationship with us on the of trust and mutual benefit and their goods meet our requirements.(base)
6.When taking examinations，we are banned from referring our _________(refer) books.
describing
description
base
basis
basic
to
reference
7.The chairman of the Student Council organizes of activities，varying from English Corner Speech Competitions.So students can improve abilities.(variety)
8.I have a lot to say in to this affair，because I am closely _________ to it.(relate)
varieties
to
various
relation
related
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.得知你学好汉语有困难，我写这封信是想给你一些建议。(分词作状语；have trouble doing sth) Dear Caroline，
1._____________________________
_____________________，I am writing to give you some advice.
Learning that you have trouble
learning Chinese well
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.人们发现学习外语很难的原因是他们没有机会经常接触外语。(why引导定语从句；find＋it＋adj.＋to do) 3.你应该在线上和线下都营造汉语学习的氛围，在这个氛围中你可以尽可能多地体验汉语。(where引导定语从句) 2._____________________________________________________________________ they have no chance to be exposed to it frequently.So firstly，you should create a Chinese-learning atmosphere both online and offline 3._________________________________________________.
The reason why people find it difficult to learn a foreign language is that
where you can experience Chinese as much as possible
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
4.此外，你可以读一些简单但原汁原味的中文书籍，从中你可以学到一些基本的汉语词汇以及中国的传统和习俗。(“介词＋which”引导定语从句) Besides，you can read some simple but original Chinese books,4._____________
__________________________________________________________________________________.
from which you can learn some basic Chinese vocabulary as well as Chinese traditions and customs
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
5.当谈到阅读时，不建议你每当遇到生词时就查阅字典。(refer to；whenever引导时间状语从句) When it comes to reading,5.__________________
_____________________________________________________________.
Do as I have told you above，and with time going by，I believe you will make much progress in Chinese learning.Best wishes.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
it’s not advisable to refer to a dictionary whenever you come across a new word
As we all know，English is referred to as an international language,
1. (wide) used in global affairs.No matter 2. kind of English people are speaking，native speakers have no trouble 3._______________
(understand) the words like “petrol” “subway” “apartment” “pants” “semester” and other words despite the small differences in vocabulary.
However，Chinese，which is increasingly popular around the world，is regarded as the most 4. (demand) language，especially for non-native learners.Firstly，even the commonly-used Putonghua in China is hard enough to learn，let alone 5. (variety) of dialects.
词汇串记
widely
what
understanding
demanding
varieties
Secondly，Chinese characters are abstract symbols for them.The writing system，dating back to the Shang Dynasty when people carved something with specific meanings 6. bones or shells，is like strange pictures.However，based on the common 7. (appreciate) of these characters，some classic works are still read now and by this means we can know more about the ups and downs in ancient times.Besides，calligraphy is also an art form closely 8. (relate) to Chinese culture.
9. (bridge) the gap between cultures，the two languages both play an equally important role，for 10. we should work hard on it，especially as we students.
返 回
on
appreciation
related
To bridge
which
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
突破核心考点
Part Two
vi.提到；参考；查阅 vt.查询；叫……求助于(reference n.提及，涉及；指称关系；参考；参考书目)
refer
·refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅
refer...to...把……送交给……；让(人)参考……
refer to...as...把……称作……
·in/with reference to sb/sth 关于
reference books/material(s)参考书/参考资料
1
(1)There are varieties of (refer) books designed for English beginners and you can choose whichever are suitable for you.
reference
(2)剪纸通常用于装饰门窗，因此有时被称为窗花。(话题写作之传统文化)
Generally，the paper-cuts are used to decorate doors and windows，and thus sometimes __________________________________________
_____________.
(3)我写信是为了介绍一些关于中国近年来所取得的成就方面的信息。
(2024·北京，书面表达)
I am writing to introduce some information ______________________
__________________________________.
they are referred to as Window Flower/
Chuanghua
in/with reference to
China’s achievements in recent years
base
·base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon...以……为基础
·on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
on the basis of在……的基础上
vt.以……为据点；以……为基础 n.底部；根据[based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以……为重要部分(或特征)的 basic adj.基本的；基础的 basis n.基础 basically adv.大体上；基本上]
2
(1)I attend yoga classes to maintain my physical and mental well-being on a regular (base).
basis
(2)I suggest that you consider grouping students (base) on their language proficiency or learning style. (2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
(3)得知您本周末将拜访一个中国家庭，我写信是想告诉您一些基本的餐桌礼仪。(应用文写作之告知信)
Learning that you are to visit a Chinese family this weekend，________
___________________________________________________.
(4)正如谚语所言：“独木难成林。”我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Just as the saying goes，“One tree doesn’t make a forest”，__________
_____________________________________.
based
writing to inform you of/about some basic table manners
I’m
our success
is based on/upon cooperating with others
major
·major in主修……
·a/the majority of大多数
in a/the majority占大多数
adj.主要的；重要的；大的 vi.主修，专门研究 n.主修课程；主修学生(majority n.大部分；大多数)
3
(1)Inspired by the beauty of Chinese characters，I will major ____ calligraphy at university in the future.
in
(2)据调查，赞成分组学习的学生占大多数。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
As surveyed，students in favor of studying in groups ________________
_________.
(3)有些人中途放弃了，但是大部分参赛者都成功跑到了终点。
Some people gave up halfway，but _______________________________ made it to the finishing line.
are in a/the
majority
a/the majority of the participants
means
a means of一种……的方法(means的单复数同形)
by all means可以；当然行；没问题
by means of借助……手段；依靠……方法
by no means决不，无论如何也不，一点都不(置于句首时，句子要部分倒装)
n.方法；方式；途径
(1)Every possible means (try)，but none works perfectly.
4
has been tried
(2)Ancient people recorded what had happened means of carving varieties of symbols with specific meanings onto shells or bones.
(3)没有你的慷慨帮助和指导，我根本不可能提高我的英语水平。
_____________________________________ without your generous help and guidance.(倒装句)
by
By no means can I improve my English
appreciate
·appreciate (one’s) doing sth 喜欢/感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if...如果……我将不胜感激。
·express/convey one’s appreciation 表达某人的感激之情
vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值(appreciation n.欣赏；感激 appreciative adj.感激的；欣赏的)
(1)如果您能尽早回复我，我将非常感激。(应用文写作之结尾句)
① at your earliest convenience.(appreciate one’s doing)
② at your earliest convenience.(I would appreciate it if...)
5
I would really appreciate your replying to me
I would really appreciate it if you could reply to me
(2)我写信表达我对你的感激之情，感谢你在我逗留伦敦期间为我所做的一切。(应用文写作之感谢信)
___________________________________________ for what you have done for me during my stay in London.
(3)我相信这个工坊意义重大，因为它为学生提供一个了解中华文化、欣赏中华文化之美的机会。 (2023·天津6月，书面表达)
I believe this workshop is significant because it provides an opportunity for students ___________________________________________________.
I’m writing to express/convey my appreciation
to learn about Chinese culture and appreciate its beauty
equal
·be without equal＝have no equal无与伦比
·be equal to sth/doing sth 等于/胜任(做)某事
·equal sb/sth in (doing) sth 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物
n.同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的 v.与……相等，等于；比得上 (equality n.平等；相等 equally adv.相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地)
6
(1)From my point of view，he is equal in playing basketball.
without
(2)首先，没人能在英语口语方面比得过我。同样重要的是，我擅长与他人交流。因此，我坚信我能胜任博览会志愿者的工作。(应用文写作之申请信)
Firstly，nobody can ______________________._____________________
____________ is that I am good at communicating with others.So I hold the firm belief that as a volunteer for the fair.
equal me in oral English
What is equally
important
I am equal to the job
demand
·demand to do sth 要求做某事
demand that...要求……(从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可
省略)
·be in (great) demand需求量大
meet/satisfy one’s demand(s)满足某人的需求
n.需求；要求 vt.强烈要求；需要 vi.查问(demanding adj.要求高的)
7
(1)Nowadays science graduates are greater demand because advanced science has created more (demand) jobs.
in
demanding
(2)我强烈要求在山间骑马。为了满足我的需求，我叔叔要求我和父亲顺着这条道走，以防迷路。
I in the mountains.__________________
_________，my uncle demanded that _____________________________
____________ in case we could get lost.
demanded to take a horse ride
To meet/satisfy my
demand
my father and I (should) keep
to the track
be of＋
抽象名词
“be of＋抽象名词”相当于“be＋形容词”，这一结构可以说明主语的性质。常见的抽象名词有importance，value，use，help，benefit，significance等，这些名词可用great，little，some，any，no，not，much等修饰，用以说明程度。
That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.那种书写体系对于中国人民与中华文化的统一具有非凡的意义。
8
(1)The majority of students consider that watching English movies is _________(benefit) to their English learning.(2022·全国乙，书面表达)
→The majority of students consider that watching English movies ______________ their English learning.
(2)理解一件艺术作品的历史背景对于充分欣赏它的美和意义是至关重要的。
Understanding the historical context of a work of art ________________
____________ to fully appreciate its beauty and meaning.
beneficial
is of benefit to
is significant/of
significance
(3)你给我们的建议证明很有价值，没有它我们就不可能实现我们的目标。
The advice you gave us proved to ______________________________，without which we couldn’t have achieved our goals.
be of great value/greatly valuable
“no matter＋疑问词”引导的状语从句
·“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。
·whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter
when/where/how。
·whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导
让步状语从句；在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。
9
(1)The gold medal will be awarded to wins first place in the bicycle race.
(2) happens，there is always an approach to solving it in the end.
(3)意志坚定的人会想尽一切办法来实现他们的目标，不管他们有多艰辛。
Determined people will try all means to achieve their goals，____________
________________________.
(4)无论你何时需要帮助，我真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地跟我联系。
_____________________________________，I sincerely hope that you can contact me without hesitation.
whoever
Whatever
however/no
matter how hard they are
Whenever/No matter when you need help
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1.His latest book creates several typical characters① of Chinese women，each of whom has a strong character②.It is a book of romantic character③.
However，this book is available only in Chinese characters④，not in other languages.
①_____________
②_____________
③_____________
④_______
n.人物，角色
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
基础达标
n.性格，品质
n.特点，特色
n.文字
2.The expert related to① some scientific terms related to② environmental protection in his speech，and most people present all related to③ them.
①_____________
②_____________
③______
谈到，涉及
与……有关
理解
3.I major① in urban planning and the main② content of my major③ subjects focuses on solving the major④ problem with parking in many cities.Being a major⑤ in urban planning，I am busy on a daily basis.
①_________ ②___________________
③________________ ④___________
⑤_____________
vi.主修
adj.主要的，重要的
adj.(课程)主修的
adj.严重的
n.主修学生
4.I would appreciate① it a lot if you could deliver one copy of your latest works for us to appreciate②，so we could better appreciate③ the intention of your writing.
①_____________
②________
③________
v.感激，感谢
v.欣赏
v.理解
5.Based① on his oral instruction，I successfully found the base② of their company，which was actually an apartment located at the edge of town.Inside the apartment，I saw an old lamp with a heavy base③.
①___________________
②______________________
③______________
adj.以……为根据的
n.据点，基地；大本营
n.底部；底座
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.The beauty of the sunset is really beyond (describe) and it can take your breath away.
2.Human beings (regard) as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature.
3.The tsunami (refer) to in the report swept away about 2,000 people，shocking the rest of the country.
4.The novel which was popular with readers was based an earthquake which struck Wenchuan in 2008.
description
are regarded
referred
on/upon
5.The tower (date) back to the Ming Dynasty was seriously destroyed in the flood.
6.There is no denying that human beings have suffered a lot on account of _________(variety) of disasters.
7.She learned to play the piano means of patient practice and under the guidance of an experienced teacher.
8. the obstacle and confusion on the road，the horse eventually reached its destination with determination.
dating
varieties
by
Despite
9. (global)，a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don’t make it to adulthood，so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.
(2021·新课标Ⅱ)
10.It is widely acknowledged that wisdom and efforts are (equal) important for success.
返 回
Globally
equally
提升写作能力
Part Three
应用文增分练
语言学习
(2022·天津6月改编)
假设你是高中口语社成员李津。为招募新成员，口语社请你用英语为社团纳新活动录制一段短视频，请你按照以下要点，撰写视频的文字稿：
1.邀请大家加入社团；2.介绍社团的主要活动；3.谈谈你加入社团以来的收获。
1.如你所见，我们社团正在举办各种各样的活动，如英语演讲比赛、诗歌朗诵等。(various/variety；be being done)
_____________________________________________________________
2.口语社成员会定期聚集在一起，在外教的指导下参加英语角。(on a regular basis)
_____________________________________________________________
应用文增分练
完成句子
3.外教要求我们看英文电影并为之配音(dub)，这是我最喜欢的部分。(demand that...)
_____________________________________________________________
4.总之，英语口语社对英语学习者很有益处。(be of＋抽象名词)
_____________________________________________________________
5.任何对英语口语感兴趣的人，都可以跟我们一起徜徉在丰富的英语世界。(whoever)
_____________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
应用文增分练
组句成篇
Hi! My name is Li Jin，a member from Spoken English Club.I am here to introduce our club and expecting your joining.
As you can see，various/varieties of activities are being held in our club，such as English Speech Contest，Poetry Recitation，etc.What’s more，our members will gather together on a regular basis to participate in the English Corner under the guidance/instruction of our foreign teachers.
应用文增分练
参考范文
Now，our foreign teachers demand that we (should) appreciate an English film and dub it，which is my favorite part.Not only does it build up my courage and confidence but it also helps me make more friends and enriches my life with a new experience.All in all，the Spoken English Club is of great benefit to us English learners.
Whoever is interested in oral English can join us to wander in a rich English world.Below the screen is the telephone number.Looking forward to your joining.
续写积累提能练
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写] attitude；despite；ups and downs；appreciate v.→ appreciation n.
[动作描写] refer to；major；regard；struggle；demand；relate to
美句 1.My biggest headache is how to be polite in English.(比喻)
2.If I’m talking to a close friend，I can...But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to me，I must...If I’m talking to someone senior to me，then I should say...(排比)
3.One language sets you in a corridor for life.Two languages open every door along the way.(主旨升华)
情感细节描写：恐惧(二)
单词 tremble/shake v.颤抖；sweat v.& n.出汗；freeze v.吓呆；flee v.逃离；scream v.惊声尖叫
词块 be rooted to the spot定在原地；one’s knees feel weak(吓得)膝盖发软；break out in a cold sweat突然冒出一身冷汗；make one’s hair stand on end使某人毛骨悚然；have one’s heart in one’s mouth某人的心提到嗓子眼；a chill deep down in one’s bones毛骨悚然；let out a scream of horror发出惊声尖叫
续写积累提能练
拓展语料积累
句型 1.The horror movie made my hair stand on end.那部恐怖电影让我毛骨悚然。
2.I could feel my heart pounding wildly and my palms sweating.我能够感觉到我的心怦怦跳，手心直冒汗。
3.My heart seems to stand still when I got the terrible news.(夸张)听到这个骇人的消息，我的心几乎停止了跳动。
4.My heart almost jumped into my mouth when the bear approached me.当那只熊向我靠近时，我的心一下子提到嗓子眼了。
5.He wanted to run away but found himself rooted to the spot.他想逃离，却发现自己一动也不能动。
英语演讲
Then came my turn.Standing on the stage，I could ①____________
_________________ and my palms sweating.② (倒装结构) my mind completely went blank.I wanted to flee，but I was rooted to the spot，③ (with复合结构).
然后轮到我了。站在舞台上，我可以感觉我的心怦怦直跳，掌心出汗。我太紧张了以至于脑子一片空白。我想逃跑，却根本动不了，我的膝盖发软。
续写积累提能练
语料运用
feel my heart
pounding wildly
So nervous was I that
with my knees weak
I struggled to think hard，④ (分词作状语)，though it was not allowed.My hands trembled so wildly that my speech script slid onto the ground.Summer day as it was，I ⑤_________
______________.“Help me please！” I could hear a desperate voice ringing in my mind.
我努力思考，试图查阅我的笔记，尽管这是不被允许的。我的手颤抖得太厉害了，我的演讲稿滑到了地上。尽管是炎炎夏日，我突然出了一身冷汗。“帮帮我吧！”我能听到一个绝望的声音在我的脑海中响起。
返 回
attempting to refer to my notes
broke out
in a cold sweat
