Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．airline n．航空公司
2．bay n．(海或湖的)湾
3．antique n．古物；古董
adj.古老的；古董的
4．literally adv.字面上；真正地
5．spectacular adj.壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的
n．壮丽的场面；精彩的表演
6．goat n．山羊
7．grizzly bear n．灰熊
8．drill vi.& vt.钻(孔)；打(眼)
n．钻(头)；训练；演习
9．mall n．(also shopping mall)购物商场；购物广场
10．prairie n．北美草原
11．bunch n．束；串；捆
12．harbour (especially US harbor) n．(海)港；港口
13．quarry n．采石场
14．steel n．钢；钢铁工业
15．cobblestone adj.铺有鹅卵石的
16．coherent adj.有条理的；清楚易懂的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．craft n．手艺；工艺；技艺
2．arise vi.(arose，arisen)起身；出现；由……引起
3．bound adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会
vi.跳跃着跑
n．限制
4．scenery n．风景；景色
5．awesome adj.令人惊叹的；令人敬畏的；可怕的；很好的
6．peak n．顶峰；山峰；尖形；帽舌
adj.高峰时期的；巅峰状态的
7．highlight n．最好或最精彩的部分
vt.突出；强调；使醒目
8．curtain n．窗帘；幕布
9．border n．国界；边界(地区)
10．enrol (especially US enroll) vi.& vt.(使)加入；注册；登记
11．idiom n．习语；成语
12．contrary adj.相反的；相对立的
n．相反的事实(或事情)
13．anyhow adv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正
14．alongside prep.在……旁边；与……一起
adv.在旁边
15．proceed vi.行进；继续做
16．shore n．岸；滨
17．dusk n．黄昏；傍晚
18．accent n．口音
19．owe vt.欠(账、债、情等)；归因于；归功于
20．toast n．烤面包片；吐司；(在某领域)广受赞誉的人，有口皆碑的人；
干杯
vt.为……干杯
vt.& vi.烤(尤指面包)
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的→mass n．团；堆；许多；大量
2．breath n．呼吸的空气→breathe vt.& vi.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；(令人)目瞪口呆的
3．freeze vi.& vt.(froze，frozen)结冰；(使)冻住；使定格；(因害怕等)停住不动→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→frozen adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的；吓呆的
4．anticipate vt.预料；预见；期望→anticipation n．预料；预见；预期；期望
5．thunder vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动 n．雷声；轰隆声→thunderous adj.雷鸣般的；怒气冲冲的
6．frost n．霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜→frosty adj.冷淡的；严寒的；结霜的
7．duration n．持续时间；期间→during prep.在……期间
8．astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishing adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶
9．mist n．薄雾；水汽→misty adj.多雾的；模糊的
10．advertisement n．(informal ad)广告；启事→advertise vi.& vt.(为……)做广告/宣传；征聘→advertising n．广告；广告业；广告活动
11．photographer n．摄影师；拍照者→photograph n．照片 vi.上相 vt.(为……)拍照→photography n．摄影；摄影艺术
12．pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的→please vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的→pleasing adj.令人愉快的→pleasure n．快乐；乐趣
积累——构词法 学一法 会一类
1．形容词后缀-some：通常用于形容词和名词的构词中，表示“具有……的特性”或“引起……的状态或行为”，如fearsome(很可怕的)、troublesome(令人烦恼的)等。
2．名词后缀-ure：放在动词词根后面，构成抽象名词，既可以表示动作、状态或行为，如pleasure(快乐)、closure(关闭)、pressure(压力)等；也可以表示动作或行为产生的结果，如creature(生物)、sculpture(雕刻品)等。
(1)The task is too burdensome to be completed by himself.繁重的
(2)Though he was quarrelsome by nature and often stubborn，he was always gentle with children.喜欢争吵的
(3)As far as I am concerned，failure(fail) is not the opposite of success but part of the journey.
(4)Exposure(expose) to diverse cultures broadens one’s perspective and fosters empathy towards others.
(5)Departure(depart) is a time for reflection，a moment to cherish memories and gather strength for the journey ahead.
1．compel /k m'pel/ vt.迫使；强迫
2．affectionate / 'fek n t/ adj.充满深情的；表示关爱的
3．climax /'klaIm ks/ n．高潮；巅峰
4．provoke /pr 'v k/ vt.激发；挑衅
5．norm /n m/ n．规范；标准；常态
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．take sb’s breath away令人惊叹
2．freezing cold极冷的；冻僵的
3．a bunch of一束；一串；一群；大量
4．contrary to相反的；相对立的
5．proceed to sth 进而做(参加)
6．owe sth to sb 欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人
7．a couple of几个
8．be typical of是……的典型特点
9．in addition to除……之外(还)
10．all in all总而言之
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.(rather than)
她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后再乘坐火车。
2．Seen from the train window，the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.(过去分词短语作状语)
从火车的窗户向外看，外面是加拿大连绵起伏的山脉和大片的森林。
3．Looking at the beautiful scenery，they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.(现在分词短语作状语)
看着这美丽的风景，她们两人一致认为，这是她们有生以来最棒的旅行。
4．Since it can be too cold to go outdoors，Edmonton is home to many shopping malls.(too...to...)
因为天太冷不能去户外，埃德蒙顿成了许多购物广场的所在地。
5．It was not until 9：30 a．m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario，Toronto.(It was not until...that...强调句型)
直到上午9：30，她们才最终抵达安大略的省会多伦多。
体验——析真题长句 知高考难度
(2024·浙江1月)The tip that comes up most often is simple：build online courses into your weekly schedule，just like what you would do with in person courses.
[句式分析] 此句是主从复合句。that comes up most often是定语从句，修饰先行词the tip；what引导宾语从句。
[尝试翻译] 最常被提及的建议很简单：把在线课程纳入你的每周计划，就像你对现场课程所做的那样。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每空1分，共13分)
1．airline n．航空公司
2．bay n．(海或湖的)湾
3．antique n．古物；古董 adj.古老的；古董的
4．literally adv.字面上；真正地
5．spectacular adj.壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的 n．壮丽的场面；精彩的表演
6．bunch n．束；串；捆
7．drill vi.& vt.钻(孔)；打(眼) n．钻(头)；训练；演习
8．harbour n．(海)港；港口
9．quarry n．采石场
10．coherent adj.有条理的；清楚易懂的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每空1分，共16分)
1．arise vi.起身；出现；由……引起
2．bound adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会 vi.跳跃着跑
3．scenery n．风景；景色
4．awesome adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的；令人敬畏的
5．highlight n．最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突出；强调；使醒目
6．peak n．顶峰；山峰；尖形；帽舌 adj.高峰时期的；巅峰状态的
7．craft n．手艺；工艺；技艺
8．curtain n．窗帘；幕布
9．border n．国界；边界(地区)
10．enrol(especially US enroll) vi.& vt.(使)加入；注册；登记
11．contrary adj.相反的；相对立的 n．相反的事实(或事情)
12．anyhow adv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正
13．alongside prep.在……旁边；与……一起 adv.在旁边
14．dusk n．黄昏；傍晚
15．accent n．口音
16．owe vt.欠(账、债、情等)；归因于；归功于
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每空1分，共11分)
1．massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的→mass n．团；堆；许多；大量
2．freeze vi.& vt.结冰；(使)冻住；使定格；(因害怕等)停住不动→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的→frozen adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的；吓呆的
3．thunder vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动 n．雷声；轰隆声→thunderous adj.雷鸣般的；怒气冲冲的
4．duration n．持续时间；期间→during prep.在……期间
5．frost n．霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜→frosty adj.冷淡的；严寒的；结霜的
Ⅳ.核心短语(每空1分，共6分)
1．freezing cold极冷的；冻僵的
2．a bunch of一束；一串；一群；大量
3．contrary to相反的；相对立的
4．proceed to sth 进而做(参加)
5．owe sth to sb 欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人
6．in addition to除……之外(还)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共19分)
1．The poor match girl was frozen to death on a freezing night.(freeze)
2．I am pleased with the pleasant atmosphere，which brings me much pleasure.(please)
3．On a misty day，we could only see the outline of the house through the mist.(mist)
4．With great anticipation，we eagerly anticipate the arrival of spring and the warmth it brings.(anticipate)
5．We were so astonished at the astonishing news that words failed to express our astonishment.(astonish)
6．Dreaming of becoming a world-famous photographer，I intend to major in photography at university.(photograph)
7．When I reached the peak of the steep hill，I was breathless and struggled to breathe normally，but with every breath，the fresh air filled my lungs.(breath)
8．To promote our new product，we have designed an eye-catching advertisement and launched an aggressive advertising campaign across multiple platforms.(advertise)
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共15分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.为了欣赏沿途的风景，我们选择了乘坐火车，而不是直接飞往目的地。(rather than) 2.所以直到一周之后，我们才到达拉萨。(It was not until...that...强调句型) 3.拉萨位于青藏高原中部，海拔3 650米，拥有许多名胜古迹。(过去分词短语作状语) 4.看着这个壮观的地方，我们都被它的绝美所震撼。(现在分词短语作状语) 5.被它的神圣和庄严所震撼，我们敬畏得不敢大声说话。(too...to...) Dear Lucy， How’s everything going there？Now I’m writing to tell you something wonderful. During the summer vacation，my parents and I went on a trip to the capital city of Xizang，Lhasa.To enjoy the scenery alongside the road，1.rather than fly to the destination directly，we took the train.So 2.it was not until one week later that we arrived in Lhasa. 3.Located in the central Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,3,650 meters above sea level，Lhasa has many places of interest.We first visited the Potala Palace originally built in the 7th century.4.Looking at this spectacular place，we were all surprised by its awesome beauty.Shocked by its holiness and solemnity,5.we were too awestruck to speak loudly.And then，we appreciated a rich collection of cultural treasures in the Xizang Museum where we learnt some useful historical knowledge about Xizang. I strongly recommend that you travel to Xizang with me next time and I’m sure you will have a wonderful time.I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours， Li Hua
A photographer was enrolled in a winter camp and on a 1.freezing(freeze) cold day，he boarded the train bound for a harbour city.The 2.anticipated(anticipate) arrival time was six in the evening.Drawing back the curtain，he was astonished to see misty clouds 3.floating(float) on the peak of a massive mountain.Contrary to his initial belief,4.what he considered boring on the train proved 5.to be(be) one of the highlights of the awesome trip.6.With the train thundering on，he reached the destination at dusk.Spectacular scenery and pleasant fresh air literally took his breath away.Tall buildings of glass and steel 7.arose(arise) everywhere.He 8.was attracted(attract) by the exceptional advertisements in the shopping mall，selling crafts，antiques and bunches of flowers.Feeling a little hungry，he bought a piece of toast in the supermarket alongside the street,9.where he chatted with people with different 10.accents(accent)．Anyhow，he owed his happiness to the winter camp.The next evening，he would proceed to the next stop.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
arise vi.(arose，arisen)发生；出现；产生；起身，起立；由……引起
arise from＝arise out of由……引起；因……产生 arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来
(1)正如通常的情况一样，许多冲突和争吵都源于误解。
As is often the case，many conflicts and quarrels arise from/out of misunderstandings.
(2)听到这个消息，他勃然大怒，从椅子上站起来，一言不发地冲出了房间。(读后续写之情感描写)
Hearing the news，he boiled with anger，rose from his chair and rushed out of the room without a word.
contrary adj.相反的；相对立的 n．相反的事实(或事情)
·(be) contrary to与……相反；与……背道而驰；违背 ·on the contrary与此相反；恰恰相反 to the contrary相反的；相反地
(1)Contrary to popular belief，moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite.
(2)Unless there is evidence to the contrary，we ought to believe them.
(3)你的建议绝非毫无价值；相反，它对我来说非常有意义。
Your suggestion is far from worthless；on the contrary，it makes a good deal of sense to me.
(4)令他们失望的是，研究结果与他们的预期恰恰相反。
To their disappointment，the result of the research was contrary to their expectations.
astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊(astonished adj.感到惊讶的 astonishing adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的 astonishment n．惊讶)
·be astonished at/by sth 因某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶 ·in/with astonishment吃惊地 to one’s astonishment让某人惊讶的是
(1)So astonishing was the advertisement that all people wore an astonished expression.(astonish)
(2)To my astonishment(astonish)，he still remembered my name even after I graduated many years ago.
→What astonished me was that he still remembered my name even after I graduated many years ago.(what引导主语从句)
(3)听到这个惊人的消息，我们都惊讶得僵住了，好像扎根在地上似的。(读后续写之情感描写)
On hearing the astonishing news，we all froze in/with astonishment，as if rooted to the ground.
owe vt.欠(账、债、情等)；归功于；归因于
·owe sb sth＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物 owe sth to sb/sth 把某事归功于某人/某事 owe it to sb that...把……归功于某人 ·owing to因为，由于
(1)She owes it to her perseverance and determination that she overcame all the obstacles in her way.
(2)我英语成绩的优异要归功于我英语老师的持续帮助和指导。
I owe my excellent grades in English to the consistent help and guidance of my English teacher.
(3)我向你道歉，因为周五下午我没有和你一起去书店。(应用文写作之道歉信)
I owe you an apology/owe an apology to you for not going to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
(4)大卫在终点线气喘吁吁地说道：“正是因为您的鼓励，我才能够克服内心的恐惧，在越野赛中挑战自我。”
David was out of breath at the finish line，saying，“It is owing to your encouragement that I can overcome my internal panic to challenge myself in the cross-country run.”
rather than... Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后再乘坐火车。
·rather than是并列连词，连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动词-ing形式、分句等。 ·宁愿做……而不愿做……： prefer to do...rather than do... would do...rather than do... would rather do...than do... ·or rather 更确切地说 other than除了 注意：rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称或数上保持一致。
(1)She works as a secretary，or rather，a personal assistant.
(2)I feel it is you rather than the boy who are(be) to blame for being late for the meeting.
(3)学生应该腾出更多时间进行英语阅读，而不是花太多时间看电影或听音乐。
Students should spare more time for English reading rather than watching movies or listening to music too much.
(4)尽管我们有很多作业要做，但我仍然强烈呼吁大家利用课间时间进行运动而不是睡觉，这样我们才能保持健康和精力充沛。(2024·浙江1月，应用文写作)
Even if we have loads of schoolwork to do，I still strongly appeal to all of us to engage in sports rather than sleep during the class breaks so that we can keep healthy and refreshed.
too...to... Since it can be too cold to go outdoors，Edmonton is home to many shopping malls.因为天太冷不能去户外，埃德蒙顿成了许多购物广场的所在地。
·too＋adj./adv.(for sb)＋to do sth 表示否定的意义，意为“太……而不能做某事”。 ·当“too...to...”结构用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词，如anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等时，表示肯定意义，意为“非常”。 ·can’t/can never...too...再怎么……也不过分
(1)俗话说：“活到老学到老。”
Just as the old saying goes，“It is never too old to learn.”
(2)我非常高兴得知你对长城很感兴趣。长城太壮观了，不容错过。正如一句古话所说，“不到长城非好汉”。所以，我无论怎么强调攀登长城的意义都不为过。
I am too delighted to learn that you are keen on the Great Wall.The Great Wall is too spectacular to miss.Just as an old saying goes，“He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” So I can never stress the meaning of climbing the Great Wall too much.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．The naughty boy bounded① into the room，telling his parents that he was bound② for the farm to hunt a rabbit and firmly believed that he was bound③ to succeed if there was no bound④.
①v.跳跃着跑 ②adj.准备前往(某地) ③adj.一定会 ④n.限制
2．The moment we arrived at the awesome① palace，we were shocked by its awesome② power.But then when we walked out of it，an awesome③ car accident happened in front of us which frightened all of us.
①adj.令人惊叹的 ②adj.令人敬畏的 ③adj.可怕的
3．She toasted① the bread lightly on both sides and then distributed the toast② among all guests.After all of us enjoyed them，she stood up and proposed a toast③ to Mary who was the toast④ of the party.
①v.烤(尤指面包) ②n.烤面包片 ③n.干杯 ④n.(在某领域)广受赞誉的人，有口皆碑的人
4．At the peak① of the mountain，I saw many excited climbers，for it was the peak② season for mountain climbing.Among them was a man who was touching the peak③ of his cap as I passed by.
①n.顶峰 ②adj.高峰时期的 ③n.帽舌
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．He turned down the little girl’s request regardless of her misty(mist) eyes and begging tone.
2．The photographer has a pleasant/pleasing(please) manner and is a gifted public speaker.
3．As long as you follow the advice offered above，you are bound to learn(learn) Chinese well.
4．The instant he finished his speech，the hall was filled with thunderous(thunder) applause.
5．She owes it to the support of the association that she pursued her dream career successfully.
6．It’s high time that I toasted/should toast(toast) the success of your association.
7．Running all the way to school，Ann made it to the classroom in the last minute，breathless(breathe)．
8．It was not until the sun had set behind the mountains that we realized we had lost our way in the forest.
9．It was freezing(freeze) cold outside and the windows were covered with heavy frost.
10．Little mistakes arising(arise) from carelessness will bring about great consequence if not dealt with properly.
2021·天津3月，书面表达改编 假设你是晨光中学的李津。我市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方，内容包括： 1.该地方的基本情况 如名称、地理位置等 ； 2.该地方的特色 如文化、景点等 ； 3.你对该地方的印象和感受。
完成句子
1．位于中国西南部的四川省，由于其独特的地理条件，拥有众多世界著名的名胜古迹。(过去分词短语作状语；owing to)
2．九寨沟国家公园是四川省北部的一个自然保护区，以其壮观的景色为特色，定会让你叹为观止。(spectacular；be bound to do；take one’s breath away)
3．漫步在保护区中，你会对丰富的生物多样性感到惊叹。(现在分词短语作状语)
4．另一个风景名胜是都江堰灌溉工程，它是一项拥有2 000多年历史的遗产，而非现代灌溉系统，(定语从句；rather than)
5．这里的风景如此迷人，我相信你一定会很高兴地亲自来参观。(too ＋adj.＋to...)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
参考范文
A Beautiful Place in China
March 19,2021
By Li Jin
Located in the southwestern part of China，Sichuan Province boasts a multitude of world-famous places of interest owing to its unique geographical conditions.
Jiuzhaigou National Park，a nature reserve in the north of Sichuan Province，features spectacular scenery that is bound to take your breath away.The highlight is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes，where visitors can board boats and enjoy the breathtaking scenery surrounding them.Walking through the reserve，you will be amazed by the rich biodiversity.Additionally，another scenic spot is the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project，which is a heritage dating back to over 2,000 years ago rather than a modern irrigation system，even though it still plays an important role today.
So attractive is the scenery here that I am sure you will be too delighted to visit it in person.
教材语料整合
亮词 [环境描写] bay；scenery；peak；prairie；frost；border；harbour/harbor；shore；pleasant；massive；awesome；spectacular；freezing；misty；dusk
[动作描写] arise；take sb’s breath away；bound；thunder；enrol；proceed to；astonish；owe sth to sb；toast
美句 1.Seen from the train window，the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.(环境描写) 2.Edmonton is freezing cold in winter，with daily temperatures averaging －10℃.(环境描写) 3.However，they didn’t anticipate seeing such an open country，and were truly amazed.(情感描写) 4.The train thundered on，through the rolling hills.The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red，gold and orange，and there was frost on the ground，confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada.(环境描写) 5.Standing in the distance，they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls.(情感描写) 6.Water from the lakes flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.(环境描写)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：绝望不安
单词 despair n．& v．绝望；lose heart失去信心；abandon v．放弃；抛弃；desperate adj.绝望的→desperation n．绝望；helpless adj.无助的→helplessly adv.无助地；hopeless adj.不抱希望的；无望的→hopelessly adv.绝望地；无望地
词块 in despair/desperation绝望地；fall/sink into despair/hopelessness陷入绝望；give up all hope绝望；be thrown into the depths of despair陷入深深的绝望；abandon oneself to despair陷入绝望；weep bitter tears of despair/desperation绝望得痛哭流涕；throw sb in low spirits使某人陷入情绪低迷状态；be seized with overwhelming despair绝望到极点；lift/glue one’s eyes to sb with despair绝望地抬起眼睛/盯着某人
句型 1.Tears of horror and despair mixed with rain streamed down my face.(无灵主语句)恐惧和绝望的泪水夹杂着雨水顺着我的脸流了下来。 2.I felt more frightened and sensed death was waiting for me.我感到更加害怕，感觉到死亡在等着我。 3.Despair/Desperation was written all over his pale face.(无灵主语句) 他苍白的脸上写满了绝望。 4.A sense of despair swallowed/seized/took hold of him completely.(无灵主语句)他被绝望吞没了。 5.His heart was torn with despair.他绝望得心都要碎了。 6.Tony was thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness after his wife’s death. 托尼在妻子去世后陷入了一个黑暗的世界，深感绝望。
语料运用 旅游遇险
Standing on the peak of the mountain，①we were astonished by its spectacular scenery，and didn’t realize the storm was coming in the distance.Soon，it rained cats and dogs，②accompanied by rolling thunder.Cold and tired，we were soon wet through，③leaving us in despair(分词短语作状语)．Worse still，with night approaching，it became misty and more freezing.④Overwhelmed with a sense of complete despair，we almost gave up our hope and ⑤abandoned ourselves to helplessness.⑥Tears of horror and despair mixed with rain streaming down my face，I trembled violently，praying someone would find us and lead us out of the mountain.
站在山顶上，我们被它壮观的景色惊呆了，却没有意识到暴风雨正从远处来临。很快，伴随着滚滚雷声，大雨倾盆而下。我们又冷又累，很快浑身湿透了，这让我们陷入绝望。更糟糕的是，随着夜幕降临，天变得雾蒙蒙的，更冷了。被一种完全绝望的感觉淹没，我们几乎放弃了希望，陷入了无助。恐惧和绝望的泪水夹杂着雨水顺着我的脸流下来，我剧烈地颤抖着，祈祷有人能发现我们并带领我们走出大山。
单元主题组合练
[62.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·山东菏泽模拟预测)
The Arctic(北极) is heating up at a ①breakneck speed compared with the rest of Earth.And new analyses show that the region is warming even faster than scientists thought.Over the last four decades，the average Arctic temperature increased nearly four times as fast as the global average，researchers report in Communications Earth & Environment.
And that’s just on average.Some parts of the Arctic Ocean，such as the Barents Sea between Russia and Norway’s Svalbard Archipelago，are warming as much as seven times as fast，meteorologist Mika Rantanen of the Finnish Meteorological Institute in Helsinki and colleagues found.Previous studies have tended to say that the Arctic’s average temperature is increasing two to three times as fast as elsewhere，as humans continue causing the climate to change.
To calculate the true pace of the accelerated warming，a phenomenon called Arctic amplification(放大)，the researchers analyzed observational data from 1979 to 2021.Globally，the average temperature increasing over that time was about 0.2℃ per decade.But the Arctic was warming by about 0.75℃ per decade.
“Even the best climate models are not doing a great job of reproducing that warming，” Rantanen said.The ②inability of the models to realistically simulate past Arctic amplification calls into question how well the models can ③project future changes there.
It’s not clear where the problem lies.One issue may be that the models are struggling with correctly reproducing the sensitivity of Arctic temperatures to the loss of sea ice.Disappearing snow and ice，particularly sea ice，is one big reason why the Arctic is warming at this speed.The bright white snow and ice create a reflective barrier that bounces incoming radiation from the sun back into space.But open ocean waters or bare rocks absorb that heat，raising the temperature.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了北极地区气候飞速变暖的现象，并探讨了造成这种现象的原因。
1．Which of the following can best describe the Arctic temperature
A．It has come to its peak.
B．It has stopped increasing.
C．It is becoming as high as the global average.
D．It is increasing faster than other regions.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Over the last four decades，the average Arctic temperature increased nearly four times as fast as the global average...”可知，北极的温度的增长速度比其他地区快。故选D。
2．How did the researchers find out the true speed of Arctic warming
A．By referring to a theory.
B．By concluding different views.
C．By analyzing previous data.
D．By monitoring the temperature change.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“To calculate the true pace...analyzed observational data from 1979 to 2021.”可知，研究人员通过分析以前的数据来查明北极变暖的真实速度。故选C。
3．What can we know from the last two paragraphs
A．The climate models are out of date.
B．Snow and ice absorb more heat than sea water.
C．It’s hard for the climate models to correctly predict the future Arctic temperature.
D．It’s clear how Arctic temperatures reacted to the loss of sea ice.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“‘Even the best climate models are not doing a great job of reproducing that warming，’．..project future changes there.”可知，气候模型很难正确预测未来北极的温度。故选C。
4．Where is the text probably taken from
A．A research paper.
B．A travel brochure.
C．A geography textbook.
D．A computer magazine.
答案 A
解析 文章出处题。通读全文尤其根据第一段可知，本文说明了北极地区的气候变化及其原因，是科研性质的主题，因此最可能出自一篇研究论文。故选A。
语境猜词 ①breakneck(合)＝break＋neck adj.飞速惊险的 ②inability(派)＝in＋ability n．无力；无能 ③project(转)n.→v.预计，推断
B
Antarctica，the southernmost continent on Earth and a frozen continent，remains a mysterious and original land，buried in ice and surrounded by a vast，①inhospitable ocean，which is often shrouded(隐藏) in mystery and intrigue.It holds a wealth of scientific wonders waiting to be explored.With the aid of cutting-edge technology，researchers have delved into its icy depths，uncovering the secrets of this remote and pristine(原始的) wilderness.
At the ②forefront of Antarctic exploration are advanced satellite imaging systems.These orbiting wonders provide detailed maps of the continent’s surface，allowing scientists to monitor changes in ice coverage and track the movements of glaciers with ③unprecedented accuracy.Such data is crucial for understanding the impacts of climate change on Antarctica’s delicate ecosystem and predicting future sea-level rise.
In addition to satellites，autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) play a key role in Antarctic research.These robotic submarines are equipped with an array of sensors and cameras，enabling them to navigate beneath the ice shelves and explore previously inaccessible regions.By collecting data on water temperature，salinity，and marine life，AUVs offer invaluable insights into the dynamics of Antarctic Ocean currents and the habitats of its unique marine species.
Furthermore，drones have revolutionized scientific fieldwork in Antarctica.These unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are utilized for conducting aerial surveys of vast ice sheets and capturing high-resolution imagery of remote locations.By providing researchers with real-time data and imagery，drones facilitate rapid assessments of environmental changes and aid in the study of wildlife populations，from penguins to seals.
Despite the remarkable advancements in technology，conducting research in Antarctica remains a huge challenge due to its extreme weather conditions and remote location.However，through cooperative efforts and innovative approaches，scientists continue to push the boundaries of exploration，uncovering the mysteries of Antarctica and advancing our understanding of the Earth’s climate system.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了南极探险中使用的先进技术。
5．What technology is primarily used for monitoring changes in ice coverage in Antarctica
A．Drones.
B．Submersible robots.
C．Satellite imaging systems.
D．Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs)．
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“At the forefront of Antarctic exploration are advanced satellite imaging systems.These orbiting wonders provide detailed maps of the continent’s surface，allowing scientists to monitor changes in ice coverage and track...”可知，卫星成像系统为科学家提供了详细的南极大陆表面地图，以便他们监测冰盖变化并跟踪冰川的运动。故选C。
6．What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph
A．Exploring and research on Antarctica is an easy task.
B．Scientific fieldwork in Antarctica is hard to continue.
C．Drones play a significant part in scientific fieldwork in Antarctica.
D．AUVs capture high-resolution imagery of remote locations.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段“Furthermore，drones have revolutionized scientific fieldwork...These unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are utilized for conducting...and capturing...By providing researchers with real-time data and imagery，drones facilitate rapid assessments of...”可推知，无人机在南极洲科考工作中起着非常重大的作用。故选C。
7．What’s the author’s attitude towards the research in Antarctica
A．Objective. B．Subjective.
C．Suspicious. D．Indifference.
答案 A
解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Despite the remarkable advancements in technology，conducting research in Antarctica remains a huge challenge due to its extreme weather conditions and remote location.”可推知，作者对在南极进行研究持有客观的态度。故选A。
8．What would be the most suitable title for the text
A．The Challenges of Antarctic Exploration
B．Traditional Methods of Antarctic Research
C．The Environmental Impact of Satellite Imaging
D．The Technological Wonders of Exploring Antarctica
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段中“With the aid of cutting-edge technology，researchers have delved into its icy depths，uncovering the secrets of this remote and pristine(原始的) wilderness.”以及全文内容可知，文章介绍了南极探险中使用的先进技术。由此可知，D项“The Technological Wonders of Exploring Antarctica”最适合作本文标题。故选D。
语境猜词 ①inhospitable(派)＝in＋hospitable adj.不适于居住的；荒凉的 ②forefront(派)＝fore＋front n．前沿 ③unprecedented(派)＝un＋precedent＋ed adj.前所未有的
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
In modern life，stress has become an unwelcome companion for many.According to a survey conducted in 2023,91 percent of adults reported experiencing high or extreme levels of stress. 1 One alternative gaining popularity is wellness tourism，praised as the fastest-growing sector in the travel industry.
The change of scenery and ①adventurous nature of an active holiday can lead to an overall change in the dominant chemicals in our brain，triggering releases of dopamine(多巴胺)． 2 We often see dopamine travel as a complete distraction from everyday life，which promotes meaning or growth.Besides，such a form of travel has been proven to increase feelings of well-being，as well as increases in general activity level. 3 This is particularly present for outdoor trips such as mountaineering or skiing where a sense of accomplishment can lead to long lasting increases in self worth and confidence.
4 Oliver Brendon，CEO of Attraction Tickets Ltd adds：“The dopamine travel trend is ②centered on immersing yourself in exciting landscapes，which is why the ③brightly-colored theme parks such as Walt Disney World and Universal Orlando Resort make such popular destinations.”
For more mindful moments，surrounding yourself in nature can create a sense of adventure and escape unlike traditional wellness getaways. 5 Going sailing on the tranquil lazy river at Discovery Cove is another wise choice.
A．Consider choosing experiences like swimming with sea life.
B．Try riding the popular roller coaster at Disney’s Hollywood Studios.
C．These benefits have been reported as lasting up to a long post-holiday time.
D．This effect of certain holidays has coined a new travel trend—dopamine travel.
E．As we struggle with this stress，promoting our well-being has become most significant.
F．It’s evident that we are increasingly seeking comfort and refreshment in holiday experiences.
G．Just as other dopamine trends encourage bright colors，our environments also play a vital role.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的旅游形式——养生旅游。
1．答案 E
解析 根据上文“According to a survey conducted in 2023,91 percent of adults reported experiencing high or extreme levels of stress.”可知，本句应该是引出“如何减压”这个话题。E选项“当我们与这种压力作斗争时，提升我们的幸福变得最重要”符合语境。故选E。
2．答案 D
解析 根据上文“The change of scenery and adventurous nature of an active holiday can lead to...triggering releases of dopamine(多巴胺)．”和下文“We often see dopamine travel as...”可知，本句应引出“多巴胺旅行”这一概念。D选项“某些假期的影响创造了一种新的旅行趋势——多巴胺旅行”承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
3．答案 C
解析 根据上文“Besides，such a form of travel has been proven to increase feelings of well-being，as well as increases in general activity level.”可知，上文重点描述了多巴胺旅行带给我们的益处。C项“据报道，这些好处可以持续到节后很长一段时间”中的“These benefits”承接上文，本句继续补充说明多巴胺旅行带来的影响，符合语境，故选C。
4．答案 G
解析 根据下文“The dopamine travel trend is centered on immersing yourself in...which is why the brightly-colored theme parks such as...”以及其中的关键信息“the brightly-colored”可知，本段重点想讨论的是多巴胺旅行的特点之一是具备色彩鲜明的环境。G选项“就像其他的多巴胺潮流鼓励运用亮丽的色彩一样，我们的环境也起着至关重要的作用”符合语境，故选G。
5．答案 A
解析 根据上文“For more mindful moments，surrounding yourself in nature can create a sense of adventure and escape unlike traditional wellness getaways.”以及下文“Going sailing on the tranquil lazy river at Discovery Cove is another wise choice.”可知，本句是举例说明多巴胺旅行的一种形式。A选项“考虑选择像和海洋生物一起游泳这样的经历”符合语境，故选A。
语境猜词 ①adventurous(派)＝adventur(e)＋ous adj.冒险的 ②center(转)n.→v.以……为中心 ③brightly-colored(合)＝brightly＋colored adj.色彩鲜艳的
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·新课标Ⅱ)
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago，I didn’t think too long.I liked traveling in France，but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 1 ，Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy，I 2 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant.But every time I tried to 3 a sentence of Italian together，the locals smiled at me and 4 my language skills.That encouragement helped me to get through the language 5 .After I made Italy my permanent home，I discovered how 6 Italians are.Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 7 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.It’s these small 8 of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
As a ①foodie，the way to my heart is through my stomach，and nowhere fuels my 9 quite like Italy.Each town has its own traditional 10 ，and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another.Families 11 for big meals on Sundays，birthdays，and whatever other excuses they can 12 .These meals are always 13 by laughter and joy.Whatever 14 life in Italy might have，the problems are 15 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，中等难度。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。
1．A.study B．rent
C．visit D．settle
答案 D
解析 study学习；rent租用；visit游览；settle定居。根据上文的“I decided to buy a house in Europe”以及空白处前表示转折的but可知，虽然作者喜欢在法国旅行，但是最终还是选择在意大利定居。下文的“I made Italy my permanent home”亦有提示。故选D。
2．A.planned B．struggled
C．refused D．happened
答案 B
解析 plan计划；struggle斗争，吃力地进行；refuse拒绝；happen出现，发生。根据上文“During my first visit to Italy”可推知，此处指作者第一次到意大利，语言不通，很难沟通交流。故选B。
3．A.string B．hang
C．mix D．match
答案 A
解析 string串起，把……连在一起；hang悬挂；mix混合；match配对。根据下文“a sentence of Italian together”可推知，此处指作者努力想用意大利语串成一句话。故选A。
4．A.improved B．assessed
C．admired D．praised
答案 D
解析 improve改进；assess评估；admire钦佩；praise赞扬。根据上文“the locals smiled at me”以及下文“That encouragement”可推知，此处指作者尝试说意大利语，当地人赞扬作者的语言能力。故选D。
5．A.course B．barrier
C．area D．test
答案 B
解析 course课程；barrier障碍；area区域；test测试。根据上文“the locals smiled at me and my language skills.That encouragement helped me”可推知，此处指当地人的鼓励帮助作者克服了语言障碍。故选B。
6．A.open-minded B．strong-willed
C．warm-hearted D．②well-informed
答案 C
解析 open-minded思想开明的；strong-willed意志坚定的；warm-hearted热心的；well-informed见多识广的。根据下文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指作者发现意大利人都很热心。故选C。
7．A.remind B．allow
C．persuade D．order
答案 A
解析 remind提醒；allow允许；persuade说服；order命令。根据上文“I discovered how Italians are”以及“will come to my door”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在快要下雨的时候会来作者家门前提醒作者关上车窗。故选A。
8．A.tricks B．promises
C．acts D．duties
答案 C
解析 trick技巧；promise承诺；act行为；duty职责。根据上文“Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese... me to close the window in my car when rain is coming.”可推知，此处指邻居们的善举。故选C。
9．A.ambition B．success
C．appetite D．growth
答案 C
解析 ambition雄心；success成功；appetite食欲；growth发育。根据上文“As a foodie，the way to my heart is through my stomach”可知，作者是一个美食家，所以应该是刺激食欲。故选C。
10．A.costume B．dish
C．symbol D．tale
答案 B
解析 costume服装；dish菜肴；symbol符号；tale故事。结合上下文可知，本段内容与意大利饮食有关。再结合下文“every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another”可推知，此处指意大利的每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴。故选B。
11．A.gather B．cheer
C．leave D．wait
答案 A
解析 gather聚集；cheer欢呼；leave留下；wait等待。根据下文的“These meals are always by laughter and joy.”和“a big meal with friends and family”可知，意大利家庭热爱聚餐，并享受这种美食文化。故选A。
12．A.put up with B．stand up for
C．come up with D．make up for
答案 C
解析 put up with容忍；stand up for支持；come up with想出；make up for弥补。根据上文“whatever other excuses they can”可推知，此处指家人们为了聚在一起吃饭而想出各种理由。故选C。
13．A.signaled B．confirmed
C．represented D．accompanied
答案 D
解析 signal示意；confirm确认；represent代表；accompany伴随。根据下文“by laughter and joy”可推知，此处指家人们在一起用餐时伴随着欢声笑语。固定搭配“be accompanied by”译为“伴随着”。故选D。
14．A.disadvantages B．meanings
C．surprises D．opportunities
答案 A
解析 disadvantage缺点；meaning意义；surprise惊喜；opportunity机会。根据下文“the problems”可推知，此处指不论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处。故选A。
15．A.created B．forgotten
C．understood D．identified
答案 B
解析 create创建；forget忘记；understand理解；identify确认。根据下文“once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family”可推知，此处指无论在意大利的生活有什么不如意之处，跟家人们吃一顿饭就会忘记那些不愉快。故选B。
语境猜词 ①foodie(派)＝food＋ie n．美食家 ②well-informed(合＋派)＝well＋inform＋ed adj.消息灵通的，见多识广的
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2024·河北保定二模)
Chengde Mountain Resort
Chengde Mountain Resort lies in the north of Chengde City，Hebei Province in the north of China and covers an area of 5,640,000 square meters.First 1. (build) in the 42nd year during the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty，the whole construction of Chengde Mountain Resort 2. (last) a total of about 90 years.The resort is mainly composed of Palace Zone and Garden Scenery Zone.
Located in the south part of the resort，Palace Zone comprises rows of buildings in a perfect layout,3. look like those in the Palace Museum in Beijing.4._________ buildings fall into four groups：Central Palace，Pine and Crane Studio，Valleys and Pines，and East Palace.
Garden Scenery Zone is divided into the lake area，the plain area and the mountain area.5._________ (lie) on the west and north of the plain area，the mountain area has an area of 4,435,000 square meters，accounting for four 6. (five) of the total area of the resort.The towering peaks seem as if they are natural blockades preventing the bitter wind from entering the zone and that seems to be 7. the weather here is regulated.
Unlike other royal gardens，Chengde Mountain Resort is a perfect 8. (combine) of quintessence of both the south and north gardens that follow the natural terrain and suit measures to conditions of mountains and waters for construction.It is an outcome of inheriting(继承) and 9._________ (far) expanding the architectural philosophy of Chinese classical gardens.It is a milestone of pride in Chinese garden history and a masterwork of Chinese classical garden art，claimed 10. the largest existing royal garden in the world.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了承德避暑山庄，包括其占地面积、建造历史、内部布局和建筑理念等信息。
1．答案 built
解析 考查非谓语动词。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，build“建造”和the whole construction of Chengde Mountain Resort之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语。故填built。
2．答案 lasted
解析 考查动词时态。空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“in the 42nd year during the reign of Emperor Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty”可知，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填lasted。
3．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词rows of buildings作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
4．答案 The
解析 考查冠词。空处特指上文提到的建筑，应用定冠词the，句首单词首字母应大写。故填The。
5．答案 Lying
解析 考查非谓语动词。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语动词，lie“位于，坐落在”和the mountain area之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用lie的现在分词形式，作状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Lying。
6．答案 fifths
解析 考查数词。根据“of the total area of the resort”可知，此处指“五分之四”，应用序数词fifth的复数形式，和基数词four一同构成分数表达。故填fifths。
7．答案 how/why
解析 考查名词性从句。空处引导名词性从句作表语，结合句意可知，从句中缺少方式状语，空处需表达“怎样，如何”，应用连接副词how作引导词；或理解为是在解释天气被调节的原因，用连接副词why作引导词。故填how/why。
8．答案 combination
解析 考查名词。空处作表语，被a perfect修饰，应用名词combination，意为“组合，结合”。故填combination。
9．答案 further
解析 考查副词比较级。句意：它是继承和进一步拓展中国古典园林建筑理念的产物。根据句意可知，此处表示“进一步拓展”应用副词比较级。故填further。
10．答案 as
解析 考查介词。根据“the largest existing royal garden in the world”可知，此处用固定短语be claimed as表示“被称作”。故填as。(共78张PPT)
Journey Across a Vast Land
选择性必修第二册 Unit 4
内容索引
排查基础知识
突破核心考点
提升写作能力
排查基础知识
Part One
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
n.航空公司
n.(海或湖的)湾
n.古物；古董
adj.古老的；古董的
adv.字面上；真正地
adj.壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的
n.壮丽的场面；精彩的表演
1
airline
2
bay
3
antique
4
literally
知识速记
5
spectacular
n.山羊
n.灰熊
vi.& vt.钻(孔)；打(眼)
n.钻(头)；训练；演习
n.(also shopping mall)购物商场；购物广场
n.北美草原
n.束；串；捆
7
grizzly bear
8
drill
9
mall
10
prairie
6
goat
11
bunch
(especially US harbor) n.(海)港；港口
n.采石场
n.钢；钢铁工业
adj.铺有鹅卵石的
adj.有条理的；清楚易懂的
12
harbour
13
quarry
14
steel
15
cobblestone
16
coherent
n.手艺；工艺；技艺
vi.(arose，arisen)起身；出现；由……引起
adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会
vi.跳跃着跑
n.限制
n.风景；景色
adj.令人惊叹的；令人敬畏的；可怕的；很好的
1
craft
2
arise
3
bound
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
4
scenery
5
awesome
n.顶峰；山峰；尖形 ；帽舌
adj.高峰时期的；巅峰状态的
n.最好或最精彩的部分
vt.突出；强调；使醒目
n.窗帘；幕布
n.国界；边界(地区)
(especially US enroll) vi.& vt.(使)加入；注册；登记
n.习语；成语
6
peak
7
highlight
8
curtain
10
enrol
11
idiom
9
border
adj.相反的；相对立的
n.相反的事实(或事情)
adv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正
prep.在……旁边；与……一起
adv.在旁边
vi.行进；继续做
n.岸；滨
n.黄昏；傍晚
12
contrary
13
anyhow
14
alongside
16
shore
17
dusk
15
proceed
n.口音
vt.欠(账、债、情等)；归因于；归功于
n.烤面包片；吐司；(在某领域)广受赞誉的人，
有口皆碑的人 ；干杯
vt.为……干杯
vt.& vi.烤(尤指面包)
18
accent
19
owe
20
toast
1
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
2
massive adj.巨大的；非常严重的
→mass n.团；堆；许多；大量
breath n.呼吸的空气
→breathe vt.& vi.呼吸
→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的；(令人)目瞪口呆的
3
4
freeze vi.& vt.(froze，frozen)结冰；(使)冻住；使定格 ；
(因害怕等)停住不动
→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
→frozen adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的；吓呆的
anticipate vt.预料；预见；期望
→anticipation n.预料；预见；预期；期望
5
6
thunder vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动
n.雷声；轰隆声
→thunderous adj.雷鸣般的；怒气冲冲的
frost n.霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜
→frosty adj.冷淡的 ；严寒的；结霜的
7
8
duration n.持续时间；期间
→during prep.在……期间
astonish vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊
→astonishing adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的
→astonished adj.感到惊讶的
→astonishment n.惊讶
9
10
mist n.薄雾；水汽
→misty adj.多雾的；模糊的
advertisement n.(informal ad)广告；启事
→advertise vi.& vt.(为……)做广告/宣传；征聘
→advertising n.广告；广告业；广告活动
12
11
photographer n.摄影师；拍照者
→photograph n.照片 vi.上相 vt.(为……)拍照
→photography n.摄影；摄影艺术
pleasant adj.令人愉快的；友好的
→please vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意
→pleased adj.高兴的；满意的
→pleasing adj.令人愉快的
→pleasure n.快乐；乐趣
1.形容词后缀-some：通常用于形容词和名词的构词中，表示“具有……的特性”或“引起……的状态或行为”，如fearsome(很可怕的)、troublesome(令人烦恼的)等。
2.名词后缀-ure：放在动词词根后面，构成抽象名词，既可以表示动作、状态或行为，如pleasure(快乐)、closure(关闭)、pressure(压力)等；也可以表示动作或行为产生的结果，如creature(生物)、sculpture(雕刻品)等。
积累 —— 构词法 学一法 会一类
(1)The task is too burdensome to be completed by himself.
(2)Though he was quarrelsome by nature and often stubborn，he was always gentle with children.
(3)As far as I am concerned， (fail) is not the opposite of success but part of the journey.
(4) (expose) to diverse cultures broadens one’s perspective and fosters empathy towards others.
(5) (depart) is a time for reflection，a moment to cherish memories and gather strength for the journey ahead.
______
__________
积累 —— 构词法 学一法 会一类
繁重的
喜欢争吵的
failure
Exposure
Departure
compel /k m'pel/ vt.迫使；强迫
affectionate / 'fek n t/ adj.充满深情的；表示关爱的
climax /'klaIm ks/ n.高潮；巅峰
provoke /pr 'v k/ vt.激发；挑衅
norm /n m/ n.规范；标准；常态
1
3
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
2
4
5
1
2
take sb’s breath away 令人惊叹
freezing cold 极冷的；冻僵的
a bunch of 一束；一串；一群；大量
contrary to 相反的；相对立的
proceed to sth 进而做(参加)
owe sth to sb 欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人
a couple of 几个
be typical of 是……的典型特点
3
4
5
6
Ⅳ.背核心短语
7
8
9
10
in addition to 除……之外(还)
all in all 总而言之
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1
Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.(rather than)
她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后再乘坐火车。
Seen from the train window，the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.(过去分词短语作状语)
从火车的窗户向外看，外面是加拿大连绵起伏的山脉和大片的森林。
2
3
Looking at the beautiful scenery，they both agreed that it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken.(现在分词短语作状语)
看着这美丽的风景，她们两人一致认为，这是她们有生以来最棒的旅行。
Since it can be too cold to go outdoors，Edmonton is home to many shopping malls.(too...to...)
因为天太冷不能去户外，埃德蒙顿成了许多购物广场的所在地。
4
5
It was not until 9：30 a.m.that they finally reached the capital of Ontario，Toronto.(It was not until...that...强调句型)
直到上午9：30，她们才最终抵达安大略的省会多伦多。
(2024·浙江1月)The tip that comes up most often is simple：build online courses into your weekly schedule，just like what you would do with in person courses.
[句式分析] 此句是 句。that comes up most often是 从句，修饰先行词the tip；what引导 从句。
[尝试翻译] ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
主从复合
体验 —— 析真题长句 知高考难度
最常被提及的建议很简单：把在线课程纳入你的每周计划，就像你对现场课程所做的那样。
定语
宾语
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.airline n.________
2.bay n.____________
3.antique n.__________
adj._______________
4.literally adv._______________
5.spectacular adj._______________________
n._______________________
6.bunch n.___________
航空公司
(海或湖的)湾
古物；古董
古老的；古董的
字面上；真正地
壮观的；壮丽的；惊人的
壮丽的场面；精彩的表演
默写巩固
词汇默写
束；串；捆
7.drill vi.& vt._____________
n.__________________
8.harbour n.____________
9.quarry n._______
10.coherent adj._____________________
钻(孔)；打(眼)
钻(头)；训练；演习
(海)港；港口
采石场
有条理的；清楚易懂的
Ⅱ.重点单词
1. vi.起身；出现；由……引起
2. adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会
vi.跳跃着跑
3. n.风景；景色
4. adj.令人惊叹的；可怕的；很好的；令人敬畏的
5. n.最好或最精彩的部分
vt.突出；强调；使醒目
6. n.顶峰；山峰；尖形；帽舌
adj.高峰时期的；巅峰状态的
arise
bound
scenery
awesome
highlight
peak
7. n.手艺；工艺；技艺
8. n.窗帘；幕布
9. n.国界；边界(地区)
10. (especially US enroll) vi.& vt.(使)加入；注册；登记
11. adj.相反的；相对立的
n.相反的事实(或事情)
12. adv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正
13. prep.在……旁边；与……一起
adv.在旁边
craft
curtain
contrary
anyhow
alongside
border
enrol
14. n.黄昏；傍晚
15. n.口音
16. vt.欠(账、债、情等)；归因于；归功于
dusk
accent
owe
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. adj.巨大的；非常严重的
→ n.团；堆；许多；大量
2. vi.& vt.结冰；(使)冻住；使定格；(因害怕等)停住不动
→ adj.极冷的；冰冻的
→ adj.结冰的；冻僵的；冷冻的；吓呆的
3. vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动
n.雷声；轰隆声
→ adj.雷鸣般的；怒气冲冲的
massive
mass
freeze
freezing
frozen
thunder
thunderous
4. n.持续时间；期间
→ prep.在……期间
5. n.霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜
→ adj.冷淡的；严寒的；结霜的
duration
during
frost
frosty
Ⅳ.核心短语
1. 极冷的；冻僵的
2. 一束；一串；一群；大量
3. 相反的；相对立的
4. 进而做(参加)
5. 欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人
6. 除……之外(还)
freezing cold
a bunch of
contrary to
proceed to sth
owe sth to sb
in addition to
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.The poor match girl was to death on a night.(freeze)
2.I am with the atmosphere，which brings me much .(please)
3.On a day，we could only see the outline of the house through the .(mist)
4.With great ，we eagerly the arrival of spring and the warmth it brings.(anticipate)
默写巩固
语境运用
frozen
freezing
pleased
pleasant
pleasure
misty
mist
anticipation
anticipate
5.We were so at the news that words failed to express our .(astonish)
6.Dreaming of becoming a world-famous ，I intend to major in at university.(photograph)
7.When I reached the peak of the steep hill，I was and struggled to normally，but with every ，the fresh air filled my lungs.(breath)
8.To promote our new product，we have designed an eye-catching ______________and launched an aggressive campaign across multiple platforms.(advertise)
astonished
astonishing
astonishment
photographer
photography
breathless
breathe
breath
advertisement
advertising
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.为了欣赏沿途的风景，我们选择了乘坐火车，而不是直接飞往目的地。(rather than) Dear Lucy，
How’s everything going there？Now I’m writing to tell you something wonderful.
During the summer vacation，my parents and I went on a trip to the capital city of Xizang，Lhasa.To enjoy the scenery alongside the road，1. ，we took the train.
rather than fly to the destination directly
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.所以直到一周之后，我们才到达拉萨。(It was not until...that...强调句型) 3.拉萨位于青藏高原中部，海拔3 650米，拥有许多名胜古迹。(过去分词短语作状语) So 2. we arrived in Lhasa.
3.___________________________________________,3,650 meters above sea level，Lhasa has many places of interest.We first visited the Potala Palace originally built in the 7th century.
it was not until one week later that
Located in the central Qinghai-Xizang Plateau
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
4.看着这个壮观的地方，我们都被它的绝美所震撼。(现在分词短语作状语) 5.被它的神圣和庄严所震撼，我们敬畏得不敢大声说话。(too...to...) 4. ，we were all surprised by its awesome beauty.Shocked by its holiness and solemnity,
5. .And then，we appreciated a rich collection of cultural treasures in the Xizang Museum where we learnt some useful historical knowledge about Xizang.
I strongly recommend that you travel to Xizang with me next time and I’m sure you will have a wonderful time.I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
Looking at this spectacular place
we were too awestruck to speak loudly
A photographer was enrolled in a winter camp and on a 1.________(freeze) cold day，he boarded the train bound for a harbour city.The 2. (anticipate) arrival time was six in the evening.Drawing back the curtain，he was astonished to see misty clouds 3. (float) on the peak of a massive mountain.Contrary to his initial belief,4. he considered boring on the train proved 5. (be) one of the highlights of the awesome trip.6. the train thundering on，
词汇串记
freezing
anticipated
floating
what
to be
With
he reached the destination at dusk.Spectacular scenery and pleasant fresh air literally took his breath away.Tall buildings of glass and steel 7._______(arise) everywhere.He 8. (attract) by the exceptional advertisements in the shopping mall，selling crafts，antiques and bunches of flowers.Feeling a little hungry，he bought a piece of toast in the supermarket alongside the street,9. he chatted with people with different 10. (accent).Anyhow，he owed his happiness to the winter camp.The next evening，he would proceed to the next stop.
arose
was attracted
where
accents
返 回
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
突破核心考点
Part Two
vi.(arose，arisen)发生；出现；产生；起身，起立；由……引起
arise
arise from＝arise out of由……引起；因……产生
arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来
1
(1)正如通常的情况一样，许多冲突和争吵都源于误解。
As is often the case，many conflicts and quarrels ___________________
_________________.
arise from/out of
misunderstandings
(2)听到这个消息，他勃然大怒，从椅子上站起来，一言不发地冲出了房间。(读后续写之情感描写)
Hearing the news，he boiled with anger， and rushed out of the room without a word.
rose from his chair
contrary
·(be) contrary to与……相反；与……背道而驰；违背
·on the contrary与此相反；恰恰相反
to the contrary相反的；相反地
adj.相反的；相对立的 n.相反的事实(或事情)
2
(1)Contrary popular belief，moderate exercise actually decreases your appetite.
(2)Unless there is evidence the contrary，we ought to believe them.
to
to
(3)你的建议绝非毫无价值；相反，它对我来说非常有意义。
Your suggestion is far from worthless； ，it makes a good deal of sense to me.
(4)令他们失望的是，研究结果与他们的预期恰恰相反。
To their disappointment，the result of the research _________________
________________.
on the contrary
was contrary to
their expectations
astonish
·be astonished at/by sth 因某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth 对做某事感到惊讶
·in/with astonishment吃惊地
to one’s astonishment让某人惊讶的是
vt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊(astonished adj.感到惊讶的 astonishing adj.惊人的；令人惊讶的 astonishment n.惊讶)
(1)So was the advertisement that all people wore an _____________expression.(astonish)
3
astonishing
astonished
(2)To my (astonish)，he still remembered my name even after I graduated many years ago.
→ he still remembered my name even after I graduated many years ago.(what引导主语从句)
(3)听到这个惊人的消息，我们都惊讶得僵住了，好像扎根在地上似的。(读后续写之情感描写)
On hearing the astonishing news， ，as if rooted to the ground.
astonishment
What astonished me was that
we all froze in/with astonishment
owe
·owe sb sth＝owe sth to sb 欠某人某物
owe sth to sb/sth 把某事归功于某人/某事
owe it to sb that...把……归功于某人
·owing to因为，由于
vt.欠(账、债、情等)；归功于；归因于
4
(1)She owes to her perseverance and determination that she overcame all the obstacles in her way.
(2)我英语成绩的优异要归功于我英语老师的持续帮助和指导。
I the consistent help and guidance of my English teacher.
it
owe my excellent grades in English to
(3)我向你道歉，因为周五下午我没有和你一起去书店。(应用文写作之道歉信)
for not going to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.
(4)大卫在终点线气喘吁吁地说道：“正是因为您的鼓励，我才能够克服内心的恐惧，在越野赛中挑战自我。”
David was out of breath at the finish line，saying，“It is _____________
______________that I can overcome my internal panic to challenge myself in the cross-country run.”
I owe you an apology/owe an apology to you
owing to your
encouragement
rather than...
·rather than是并列连词，连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、
介词(短语)、动词-ing形式、分句等。
·宁愿做……而不愿做……：
prefer to do...rather than do...
would do...rather than do...
would rather do...than do...
Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way，they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.她们没有一路乘坐商业航班，而是决定先飞到温哥华，然后再乘坐火车。
5
·or rather 更确切地说
other than除了
注意：rather than连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的名词或代词在人称或数上保持一致。
(1)She works as a secretary， rather，a personal assistant.
(2)I feel it is you rather than the boy who (be) to blame for being late for the meeting.
(3)学生应该腾出更多时间进行英语阅读，而不是花太多时间看电影或听音乐。
Students should spare more time for English reading ________________
_________________________________________.
or
are
rather than
watching movies or listening to music too much
(4)尽管我们有很多作业要做，但我仍然强烈呼吁大家利用课间时间进行运动而不是睡觉，这样我们才能保持健康和精力充沛。
(2024·浙江1月，应用文写作)
Even if we have loads of schoolwork to do，I still strongly appeal to all of us to engage in sports so that we can keep healthy and refreshed.
rather than sleep during the class breaks
too...to...
·too＋adj./adv.(for sb)＋to do sth 表示否定的意义，意为“太……而不能做某事”。
·当“too...to...”结构用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词，如anxious，
eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等时，表示肯定意义，意为
“非常”。
·can’t/can never...too...再怎么……也不过分
Since it can be too cold to go outdoors，Edmonton is home to many shopping malls.因为天太冷不能去户外，埃德蒙顿成了许多购物广场的所在地。
6
(1)俗话说：“活到老学到老。”
Just as the old saying goes，“ .”
(2)我非常高兴得知你对长城很感兴趣。长城太壮观了，不容错过。正如一句古话所说，“不到长城非好汉”。所以，我无论怎么强调攀登长城的意义都不为过。
you are keen on the Great Wall.The Great Wall is .Just as an old saying goes，“He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” So _____________
_________________________________________________.
It is never too old to learn
I am too delighted to learn that
too spectacular to miss
I can never stress the meaning of climbing the Great Wall too much
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1.The naughty boy bounded① into the room，telling his parents that he was bound② for the farm to hunt a rabbit and firmly believed that he was bound③ to succeed if there was no bound④.
①__________
②_________________
③__________
④______
v.跳跃着跑
adj.准备前往(某地)
adj.一定会
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
基础达标
n.限制
2.The moment we arrived at the awesome① palace，we were shocked by its awesome② power.But then when we walked out of it，an awesome③ car accident happened in front of us which frightened all of us.
①______________
②______________
③__________
adj.令人惊叹的
adj.令人敬畏的
adj.可怕的
3.She toasted① the bread lightly on both sides and then distributed the toast② among all guests.After all of us enjoyed them，she stood up and proposed a toast③ to Mary who was the toast④ of the party.
①______________
②__________
③______
④______________________________________
v.烤(尤指面包)
n.烤面包片
n.干杯
n.(在某领域)广受赞誉的人，有口皆碑的人
4.At the peak① of the mountain，I saw many excited climbers，for it was the peak② season for mountain climbing.Among them was a man who was touching the peak③ of his cap as I passed by.
①_______
②______________
③______
n.顶峰
adj.高峰时期的
n.帽舌
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.He turned down the little girl’s request regardless of her (mist) eyes and begging tone.
2.The photographer has a (please) manner and is a gifted public speaker.
3.As long as you follow the advice offered above，you are bound _______
(learn) Chinese well.
4.The instant he finished his speech，the hall was filled with ___________
(thunder) applause.
misty
pleasant/pleasing
to learn
thunderous
5.She owes it the support of the association that she pursued her dream career successfully.
6.It’s high time that I (toast) the success of your association.
7.Running all the way to school，Ann made it to the classroom in the last minute， (breathe).
8.It was not until the sun had set behind the mountains we realized we had lost our way in the forest.
to
toasted/should toast
breathless
that
9.It was (freeze) cold outside and the windows were covered with heavy frost.
10.Little mistakes (arise) from carelessness will bring about great consequence if not dealt with properly.
freezing
arising
返 回
提升写作能力
Part Three
应用文增分练
旅游
(2021·天津3月，书面表达改编)
假设你是晨光中学的李津。我市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方，内容包括：
1.该地方的基本情况(如名称、地理位置等)；
2.该地方的特色(如文化、景点等)；
3.你对该地方的印象和感受。
1.位于中国西南部的四川省，由于其独特的地理条件，拥有众多世界著名的名胜古迹。(过去分词短语作状语；owing to)
_____________________________________________________________
2.九寨沟国家公园是四川省北部的一个自然保护区，以其壮观的景色为特色，定会让你叹为观止。(spectacular；be bound to do；take one’s breath away)
_____________________________________________________________
3.漫步在保护区中，你会对丰富的生物多样性感到惊叹。(现在分词短语作状语)
_____________________________________________________________
应用文增分练
完成句子
4.另一个风景名胜是都江堰灌溉工程，它是一项拥有2 000多年历史的遗产，而非现代灌溉系统，(定语从句；rather than)
_____________________________________________________________
5.这里的风景如此迷人，我相信你一定会很高兴地亲自来参观。(too＋adj.＋to...)
_____________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
应用文增分练
组句成篇
A Beautiful Place in China
March 19,2021
By Li Jin
Located in the southwestern part of China，Sichuan Province boasts a multitude of world-famous places of interest owing to its unique geographical conditions.
Jiuzhaigou National Park，a nature reserve in the north of Sichuan Province，features spectacular scenery that is bound to take your breath away.The highlight is its many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes，
应用文增分练
参考范文
where visitors can board boats and enjoy the breathtaking scenery surrounding them.Walking through the reserve，you will be amazed by the rich biodiversity.Additionally，another scenic spot is the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project，which is a heritage dating back to over 2,000 years ago rather than a modern irrigation system，even though it still plays an important role today.
So attractive is the scenery here that I am sure you will be too delighted to visit it in person.
亮词 [环境描写] bay；scenery；peak；prairie；frost；border；harbour/harbor；shore；pleasant；massive；awesome；spectacular；freezing；misty；dusk
[动作描写] arise；take sb’s breath away；bound；thunder；enrol；proceed to；astonish；owe sth to sb；toast
续写积累提能练
教材语料整合
美句 1.Seen from the train window，the mountains and forests of Canada looked massive.(环境描写)
2.Edmonton is freezing cold in winter，with daily temperatures averaging －10℃.(环境描写)
3.However，they didn’t anticipate seeing such an open country，and were truly amazed.(情感描写)
4.The train thundered on，through the rolling hills.The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red，gold and orange，and there was frost on the ground，confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada.(环境描写)
美句 5.Standing in the distance，they were astonished to see misty clouds rising from the great Niagara Falls.(情感描写)
6.Water from the lakes flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.(环境描写)
情感细节描写：绝望不安
单词 despair n.& v.绝望；lose heart失去信心；abandon v.放弃；抛弃；desperate adj.绝望的→desperation n.绝望；helpless adj.无助的→helplessly adv.无助地；hopeless adj.不抱希望的；无望的→hopelessly adv.绝望地；无望地
续写积累提能练
拓展语料积累
词块 in despair/desperation绝望地；fall/sink into despair/hopelessness陷入绝望；give up all hope绝望；be thrown into the depths of despair陷入深深的绝望；abandon oneself to despair陷入绝望；weep bitter tears of despair/desperation绝望得痛哭流涕；throw sb in low spirits使某人陷入情绪低迷状态；be seized with overwhelming despair绝望到极点；lift/glue one’s eyes to sb with despair绝望地抬起眼睛/盯着某人
句型 1.Tears of horror and despair mixed with rain streamed down my face.(无灵主语句)恐惧和绝望的泪水夹杂着雨水顺着我的脸流了下来。
2.I felt more frightened and sensed death was waiting for me.我感到更加害怕，感觉到死亡在等着我。
3.Despair/Desperation was written all over his pale face.(无灵主语句) 他苍白的脸上写满了绝望。
4.A sense of despair swallowed/seized/took hold of him completely.(无灵主语句)他被绝望吞没了。
句型 5.His heart was torn with despair.他绝望得心都要碎了。
6.Tony was thrown into a world of darkness and sank into hopelessness after his wife’s death.
托尼在妻子去世后陷入了一个黑暗的世界，深感绝望。
续写积累提能练
语料运用
旅游遇险
Standing on the peak of the mountain，①______________________
_________________，and didn’t realize the storm was coming in the distance.Soon，it rained cats and dogs，②___________________________.
Cold and tired，we were soon wet through，③ (分词短语作状语).
站在山顶上，我们被它壮观的景色惊呆了，却没有意识到暴风雨正从远处来临。很快，伴随着滚滚雷声，大雨倾盆而下。我们又冷又累，很快浑身湿透了，这让我们陷入绝望。
we were astonished by its spectacular scenery
accompanied by rolling thunder
leaving us in despair
Worse still，with night approaching，it became misty and more freezing.④ ，we almost gave up our hope and ⑤ .⑥_____________
__________________________________________________，I trembled violently，praying someone would find us and lead us out of the mountain.
更糟糕的是，随着夜幕降临，天变得雾蒙蒙的，更冷了。被一种完全绝望的感觉淹没，我们几乎放弃了希望，陷入了无助。恐惧和绝望的泪水夹杂着雨水顺着我的脸流下来，我剧烈地颤抖着，祈祷有人能发现我们并带领我们走出大山。
返 回
Overwhelmed with a sense of complete despair
abandoned ourselves to helplessness
and despair mixed with rain streaming down my face
Tears of horror
