Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明
2．identical adj.相同的
3．bow vi.鞠躬；点头
vt.低(头)
n．弓；蝴蝶结
4．waist n．腰；腰部
5．trial n．& v．审讯；审判；试验；试用
6．nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的
7．slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
8．tick vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号
vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声
n．钩号
9．chin n．下巴
10．ceiling n．天花板；上限
11．chest n．胸部；胸膛
12．inquire/enquire vi.& vt.询问；打听
13．component n．组成部分；零件
14．tone n．语气；腔调；口吻
15．internal adj.内部的；里面的
16．intervene vi.干预；介入
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
2．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
3．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证
n．目击者；证人
4．cheek n．面颊；脸颊
5．barrier n．隔阂；障碍
6．fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
7．incident n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
8．twin adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的
n．孪生之一；双胞胎之一
9．pose n．故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势
vi.摆好姿势
vt.造成(威胁、问题等)；提问
10．bend vt.& vi.(bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
11．reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出
12．lower vt.把……放低；降低；减少
adj.下面的；下方的；较小的
13．imply vt.意味着；暗示
14．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚
15．stare vi.盯着看；凝视
n．凝视
16．perceive vt.察觉；看待；理解
17．merely adv.只是；仅仅；只不过
18．bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心
n．麻烦；不便
19．weep vi.& vt.(wept，wept)哭泣；流泪
20．conflict n．矛盾；冲突
vi.冲突；抵触
21．ultimately adv.最终；最后
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变→various adj.不同的；各种各样的→variety n．多样性；变化；种类
2．approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的→disapproval n．反对，不赞成
3．employ vt.使用；应用；雇用→employee n．雇员；受雇者→employer n．雇主；雇用者→employment n．雇用；聘用
4．differ vi.相异；不同于→different adj.不同的；有差异的→difference n．差别；差异
5．favour(NAmE -vor) vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favourable adj.赞成的；有利的→favourite adj.最喜欢的
6．anger n．愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地
7．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖
8．slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→slightly adv.略微；稍微
9．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定
10．clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清→clarification n．澄清；说(阐)明；解释
11．educator n．教师；教育工作者；教育家→educate vt.教育→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育→educational adj.有教育意义的
12．tendency n．趋势；倾向→tend vt.& vi.照料；护理 vi.倾向于；有……的趋势
13．occupy vt.占据；占用→occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的→occupation n．占领；职业
14．distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心→distracted adj.心烦意乱的；注意力分散的→distraction n．分散注意力的事；娱乐，消遣
15．distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的
16．anxiety n．焦虑；担心；害怕；渴望→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的→anxiously adv.焦虑地
17．embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬→embarrassment n．难堪；窘迫
18．ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧→shame n．羞耻；羞愧；让人遗憾的事→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
19．adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
20．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；副作用
21．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响→interactive adj.交互的；互动的
22．interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译→interpretation n．解释；口译；理解→interpreter n．口译译员
积累——构词法 学一法 会一类
前缀inter-：在单词internal (adj.内部的；里面的)、intervene (vi.干预；介入)、interpret (vt.口译)中均含有前缀inter-，表示“在……之间，相互”。它通常用于构成与“中间位置”“相互关系”或“两者或多者之间的交互”有关的词汇。如intersection (十字路口)；international(国际的)；interpersonal(人际的)、interview(采访，面试)等。
(1)Both language and culture are interdependent and inseparable.adj.相互依赖的
(2)Our company frequently engages in inter-company cooperation with our sister companies to share resources and expertise.adj.跨公司的；公司间的
(3)While observing traditional rules，he uses accurate lines，powerful brush movement as well as the interplay between dark and black to represent the harmony of nature.n.相互作用
1．rage /reId / n．暴怒；狂怒 vi.& vt.发怒；怒斥
2．cultivate /'k ltIveIt/ vt.种植；栽培；培育
3．mutter /'m t (r)/ vt.& vi.嘀咕；嘟囔 n．嘀咕；嘟哝
4．obsessive / b'sesIv/ adj.着迷的；难以释怀的
5．raid /reId/ n．突击检查 vt.突击搜捕；突袭
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．by contrast相比之下
2．by comparison(与……)相比较
3．make inferences推理；推断
4．break down消除；分解；打破；(机器等)出故障；失败
5．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
6．in other words换句话说；也就是说
7．call on(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请
8．at work有某种影响；在工作
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．However，you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany，as it is not considered polite.(as引导原因状语从句)
然而，在巴西和德国，你应该避免做出这一手势，因为这是一个被视为不礼貌的手势。
2．And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.(“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义)
当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
3．So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch，it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
所以，如果一名学生低头看手表，这就表明他觉得无聊，数着时间，只盼早点下课。
4．Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.(部分否定)
当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。
5．While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.(while引导让步状语从句)
尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
6．Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually，so they can all get the most out of school.(疑问词＋不定式)
他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话，从而让他们在校收获最大。
体验——析真题长句 知高考难度
(2024·全国甲)If it’s short stories，Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing.
[句式分析] 此句是主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句；主句中you can try是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词techniques；which引导宾语从句，作see的宾语。
[尝试翻译] 如果你在写短篇小说，彼得·蒙特福德给出了六种技巧，你可以试着看看哪一种能帮助你成功创作出故事的结尾。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每空1分，共12分)
1．demonstrate vt.表现；表达；说明；证明
2．identical adj.相同的
3．slump vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
4．trial n．& v．审讯；审判；试验；试用
5．nonverbal adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的
6．inquire/enquire vi.& vt.询问；打听
7．tick vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号 vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声 n．钩号
8．chest n．胸部；胸膛
9．intervene vi.干预；介入
10．component n．组成部分；零件
Ⅱ.重点单词(每空1分，共15分)
1．appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
2．witness vt.当场看到；目击；见证 n．目击者；证人
3．gesture n．手势；姿势；姿态
4．barrier n．隔阂；障碍
5．incident n．发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
6．barely adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚
7．bend vt.& vi.(bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
8．fake adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
9．lower vt.把……放低；降低；减少 adj.下面的；下方的；较小的
10．stare vi.盯着看；凝视 n．凝视
11．ultimately adv.最终；最后
12．reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出
13．merely adv.只是；仅仅；只不过
14．bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心 n．麻烦；不便
15．conflict n．矛盾；冲突 vi.冲突；抵触
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每空1分，共25分)
1．approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过→approval n．赞成；同意；批准→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的
2．favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同→favourable adj.赞成的；有利的→favourite adj.最喜欢的
3．clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清→clarification n．澄清；说(阐)明；解释
4．assess vt.评估；评价→assessment n．评价；评定
5．tendency n．趋势；倾向→tend vt.& vi.照料；护理 vi.倾向于；有……的趋势
6．distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心→distracted adj.心烦意乱的；注意力分散的→distraction n．分散注意力的事；娱乐，消遣
7．adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt. 适应；(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整；调节；适应
8．interaction n．交流；相互影响→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响→interactive adj.交互的；互动的
9．reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的→rely vi.依赖；信赖
10．react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应→reaction n．反应；副作用
Ⅳ.核心短语(每空1分，共6分)
1．by contrast相比之下
2．make inferences推理；推断
3．in other words换句话说；也就是说
4．at work有某种影响；在工作
5．break down消除；分解；打破
6．straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共27分)
1．Varieties of after-class activities will be held in our school，varying from the English Corner to the Literature Club，so we students can get various experiences.(vary)
2．As an employer of a company，I value each employee and strive to provide a supportive work environment where they can be fully employed.(employ)
3．Each person is unique，and the differences among us make the world a more colorful and interesting place，even though we may have different beliefs and backgrounds.(differ)
4．I am occupied with my occupation，which occupies most of my time every day.(occupy)
5．It is a shame that you are not ashamed of your shameful behavior.You really should make a sincere apology to your partner.(shame)
6．The distinguished(distinguish) farmer can easily distinguish weeds from wanted plants.
7．I felt anxious as I anxiously awaited the result of the exam，my anxiety building up with each passing minute.(anxious)
8．I felt extremely embarrassed when asked such an embarrassing question，but I managed to hide my embarrassment by some false smiles.(embarrass)
9．As educators often say，the educated can likely hunt for a better job so teenagers should receive further education for their future.(educate)
10．Try as I might，I could not contain my anger any longer and shouted at him angrily.(angry)
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)(共15分)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.虽然不同文化之间存在一些通用的手势，但中美之间的肢体语言确实存在许多差异。(while引导让步状语从句) 2．相比之下，美国人通常不会站得很近，也几乎不会触碰对方。(by comparison；barely置于句首的倒装句) 3．美国人从不这样做，因为他们认为使用这个手势是粗鲁的。(as引导原因状语从句) 4．所以当我们在不同的国家旅行时，我们应该准确地知道采用哪种手势，以及避免哪种手势。(特殊疑问词＋to do) 5．但请务必记住，无论在哪种文化中，没有哪种手势比微笑更有效、更实用。(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义) 1.While there are some universal gestures between cultures，many differences do exist between Chinese and American body language.Knowing the differences will help people of both countries communicate easily. There are more touching gestures in China；women in China often walk hand in hand.2.By comparison，Americans usually don’t stand close to each other and barely do they touch each other.Also，the Chinese often put out their tongues when embarrassed or ashamed，but Americans never do that,3.as they think it rude to use this gesture.However，Chinese people will pat children on the head if they like them，and Americans also do this when they want to express their comfort or encouragement.So when travelling in different countries，we should precisely know 4.which gesture to adopt and which one to avoid. But do keep in mind that 5.no gesture is more effective and practical than smiles，no matter which culture it is.
In our interactions with others，we usually employ appropriate body language，namely，nonverbal language 1.to demonstrate(demonstrate) our internal emotions.Sometimes we have difficulty interpreting and distinguishing gestures because they aren’t identical.So we should learn to perceive，assess and adjust our words accordingly.For instance，if a person is embarrassed and ashamed，he will lower his head，slightly bend his body,2.and stare at the ground.If a person is filled with anger or 3.anxiety(anxious)，he will have a tendency to cross arms in front of his chest，with tears 4.rolling(roll) down his cheeks.If a person does not move his eyes for a long time，it means that he is 5.distracted(distract)．By contrast，a person 6.who/that approves of or favors a plan may be witnessed straightening up and nodding his head.Certainly we can’t always make reliable inferences because body language differs across countries and 7.varies(vary) from person to person.Nevertheless，I still call on people to reveal body language with the purpose of breaking 8.down the barriers in our daily communication.After all，properly interpreting and reacting to body language is an important component of our daily routine.In other words，we should occupy 9.ourselves(us) in learning some body language to ultimately avoid some unnecessary 10.conflicts(conflict).
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变(various adj.不同的；各种各样的 variety n．多样性；变化；种类)
·vary from...to...在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等 vary in sth 在某方面不同 vary with...随……而变化 ·a variety of＝varieties of＝various多种多样的
(1)The menus of our restaurants generally vary with the changing seasons.
(2)We will come across various(vary) barriers in our daily life which need to be broken down with strong willpower.
(3)我们学校的英语俱乐部提供了各种各样的有趣的校园活动，从英语演讲比赛到英语才艺展示不等。
The English Club in our school offers various/a variety of/varieties of interesting campus activities，varying from English speech contests to English talent shows.
approve vi.赞成，同意 vt.批准；通过(approval n．赞成；通过；同意；认可；批准 approving adj.赞许的；许可的 disapprove v．不赞成；不同意)
·approve of赞成，同意 ·give one’s approval to sth 某人批准某事 win one’s approval得到某人的批准/同意
(1)We are eager to win the educator’s approval to our project，but he hasn’t given us an approving gesture up to now.(approve)
(2)如果您能批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。(应用文写作之申请信)
We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal/give your approval to our proposal.
(3)我做梦也没想到他们竟然会同意我的请求，给予我追求自己热爱的事物并实现目标的机会。(读后续写之情感描写)
Beyond my wildest dreams，they should approve of my request，granting me the opportunity to pursue my passion and achieve my goals.
favour (NAmE -vor)vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n．帮助；恩惠；赞同(favourable adj.赞成的；有利的 favourite adj.最喜欢的)
·favour sth/doing sth 较喜欢某事/做某事 ·ask sb a favour＝ask a favour of sb 请求某人帮忙 do a favour for sb＝do sb a favour帮某人一个忙 owe sb a favour欠某人一个人情 in favour of赞成；支持 in sb’s favour对某人有利
(1)Thank you for considering our invitation and we are looking forward to your favorable(favor) response.
(2)当得知大多数人都不赞成他的意见时，他勃然大怒。
He boiled with anger when knowing that most of them were not in favour of his opinion.
(3)我计划在暑假期间去山上捡垃圾，我想知道你是否能帮我一个忙。
I am planning to pick up garbage in the mountains during the summer vacation and I wonder if you could do me a favour/do a favour for me.
(4)请记住，机会和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Keep in mind that opportunities and success tend to favour those who are ready.
occupy vt.占用；占领；占据(occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的 occupation n．占领；职业)
·occupy sb/oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于做某事；专心做某事 ·be occupied with sth/in doing sth 忙于做某事
(1)Ultimately，you must state your full name，age and occupation(occupy) in your application form.
(2)Because they were occupied(occupy) in making and selling popcorn，they had no time to play around.
→Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn，they had no time to play around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→Occupied in making and selling popcorn，they had no time to play around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯(adjustment n．调整；适应 adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的)
·adjust (oneself) to (doing)...适应……；习惯…… adjust...to...调整……以适应…… ·make an adjustment/adjustments作出调整
(1)To our amazement，the school chairs are adjustable，so children can make some adjustments according to their height.(adjust)
(2)得知你在适应新学校生活方面有些困难，我写这封信是想给你一些建议。(应用文写作之建议信)
Learning that you have difficulty (in) adjusting to the new school life，I’m writing to give you some tips.
(3)我写信是想向你道歉，因为我没有及时对相关信息进行调整，这给你带来了很大的不便。(应用文写作之道歉信)
I am writing to apologize for not adjusting/making an adjustment to the relevant information in a timely manner，causing you significant inconvenience.
break down分解；(机器等)损坏，出故障；(谈判)失败；(身体)垮掉；消除；打破
break away (from)离开；脱离 break in(不及物)插嘴；闯入 break into(及物)闯入；突然……起来 break out爆发 break up分散；拆散；驱散；分手 break through突破；克服
用break相关短语的正确形式补全语段
A quarrel broke out between Rose and one of her roommates，Jane.Overcome with rage，Rose claimed she would break up with Jane.Seeing the case，another roommate，Kate broke in，trying to solve the conflict.Kate insisted that no one should break away from the dormitory.She suggested Rose and Jane calm down and have a talk with each other.Rose thought the talk would definitely break down，while Jane offered to apologize to Rose.Rose broke into tears，hugging Jane tightly.Eventually，the smiles on their faces broke through the clouds of anger，and the two girls made up again.
in other words换句话说；也就是说
in a word总之；简言之 keep one’s word遵守诺言 break one’s word失信；不守诺言 have a word with...与……谈一谈 have words with sb和某人吵架 word came that...有消息传来说……
有消息说因为你违背诺言你的搭档和你吵架了。为了消除你们之间的隔阂，为何不和你的搭档谈一谈，并真诚表达你衷心的歉意呢？另外，保证从现在起遵守诺言。总之，竭尽全力去修复你们的关系，因为没有什么比友谊更重要的了。(应用文写作之建议信)
(1)Word came that your partner (2)had words with you because you (3)had broken your word.To break down your barriers，why not (4)have a word with your partner and express your heartfelt apology sincerely Besides，make sure to (5)keep your word from now on.(6)In a word，do whatever you can to restore your relationship，because nothing is more important than the friendship.
call on(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请；呼吁；号召
call up给……打电话；(使)想起 call off＝cancel取消 call for(公开)要求；需要 call in打电话来；召来，叫来；收回 call at拜访(地点)；(火车等)停留
用call短语的正确形式填空
(1)The twin brothers called on their grandpa on a weekly basis.
(2)Can you still call up the days when we were together in Brazil
(3)The conference was called off because of the unexpected incident.
(4)The activity is aimed at calling on students to be occupied with their school work.
(5)There are violent conflicts and barriers between them，which call for immediate solutions.
部分否定 Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。
·部分否定：当all，both，each，every，everybody，everyone，everything，always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not连用时，无论not的位置如何，均构成部分否定，意为“不是……都；并非……都”。 ·全部否定：当neither，no one，no，none，never，nothing，no more，no longer，no way，not...any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时，构成全部否定结构。
(1)我同意你说的大部分内容，但并非同意你讲的一切。
I agree with most of what you said，but I don’t agree with everything that you said.
(2)汤姆让杰克和彼得陪他去野餐，但是他们两个都不想去，因为他们有工作要做。
Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but neither of them want(s) to，because they have work to do.
(3)并非所有梦想都能实现，但这并不意味着我们应该放弃梦想。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Not all dreams come true/All dreams don’t come true，but that doesn’t mean we should stop dreaming.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．She set up her own company and employed① more than 20 people.She successfully operated it by employing② many scientific methods.
①v.雇用 ②v.应用，采用
2．The car broke down① on the highway，leaving us anxious.We tried to fix it，but our efforts broke down②.Frustrated，we called for help.As we waited，tensions gradually started to break down③，and we laughed about our misfortunes.
①出故障 ②失败 ③消除
3．Her anxiety① for success drove her to study hard，but the upcoming exam filled her with anxiety② and nervousness.
①n.渴望 ②n.焦虑，紧张
4．She is not the only expert to issue a warning about the threat posed① by solar storms.To raise people’s awareness in a creative way，she struck a dramatic pose②，mimicking the effects of a solar storm，and had her assistant take a picture.At the meeting，however，many people posed③ questions about the meaning and relevance of her picture，wondering why she chose such a pose② for her awareness campaign.
①vt.造成，引起，产生 ②n.姿势 ③vt.提出(问题)
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．So reliable(rely) was the journalist that we all agreed to adopt his idea and set out immediately.
2．By comparison(compare)，I prefer the column telling about splendid stories of our national heroes.
3．With so many different poetry themes to choose(choose) from，students may want to write poems of their own.
4．The government calls on us to protect(protect) rare animals from being extinct.
5．He didn’t bother answering/to answer(answer) my question，which didn’t appeal to him.
6．Occupied(occupy) in his research，he didn’t have time to take part in amusing entertainments.
7．She was covered in spider-webs and was barely(bare) able to move her wings.(2023·浙江1月)
8．Since Internet voting is an unavoidable tendency(tend)，it is necessary that some measures should be taken to make things better.
9．The two sides are trying to sit down and find a way to tackle(tackle) the conflict in peace.
10．The expert displayed the ability to distinguish paintings of high quality from poor ones.
假定你是李华，你们学校举行了关于“Body language”的讨论，请你写一篇英语报道向校报投稿。内容包括： 1.学生的观点；2.肢体语言的文化差异；3.你的建议。
完成句子
1．上周见证了一场关于肢体语言在跨文化交际中的影响的激烈讨论。(witness)
2．大多数学生赞成肢体语言因文化而异的观点。(in favor of；vary from...to...)
3．在某些国家点头意味着不同意；而在另一些国家点头则意味着认可。(by contrast；approval)
4．但并非所有的肢体语言都有相反的含义，因此在理解上存在困难。(部分否定；pose)
5．微笑是一种通用的肢体语言，可以打破多种语言障碍。(break down)
6．为了促进跨文化交流，我们应该恰当地运用肢体语言，并在必要时作出必要的调整。(adjust；状语从句的省略)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
参考范文
Last week witnessed a heated discussion about the influence of body language in cross-culture communication.
The majority of students were in favor of the idea that body language varied from culture to culture.For example，nodding implies disagreement in some countries；by contrast，it means approval in some others.But not all body language has opposite meanings，thus posing difficulties in understanding.Smile is a universally acknowledged body language that can break down many language barriers.
To promote cross-culture communication，we should appropriately use body language and make some necessary adjustments when necessary.
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写] break down；anger→angry；reliable；anxiety→anxious；embarrassed→embarrass→embarrassment；ashamed
[动作描写] approve；witness；interpret；favor；bow；straighten up；pose；bend；lower；stare；distinguish；call on；weep；adjust
美句 1.There are also differences in how we touch each other，how close we stand to someone we are talking to，and how we act when we meet or part.(排比修辞) 2．It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.(比喻修辞) 3．Students who are angry，afraid，or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed，like they are guarding their bodies.(动作描写＋比喻修辞) 4．Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown.(外貌描写) 5．Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually.(排比修辞)
拓展语料积累 动作细节描写：头部动作
单词 nod v．点头；shake v．摇头；scratch v．挠(头)；pat v．轻拍；turn/twist v．扭转；bow v．低(头)；鞠躬
词块 hang/drop/lower/bend one’s head低头；raise one’s head 抬头；throw one’s head back把头往后仰；shake one’s head摇头；put/hold/bury one’s head in one’s hands双手抱头；rest one’s head on/against把头靠在……上面；head for/towards朝……走去
句型 1.Feeling ashamed，the boy lowered his head awkwardly.男孩感到羞愧，尴尬地低下了头。 2.They nodded their heads in agreement.他们点头同意。 3.Feeling embarrassed，he scratched his head，not knowing what to do next.他感到尴尬，挠了挠头，不知道下一步该怎么办。 4.He stuck his head out around the door to see what was happening outside.他把头伸到门外看看外面发生了什么事。 5.He turned his head slightly and looked at her.他微微转过头，抬眼看着她。
语料运用 助人
I was walking in the street when a foreigner stopped me，①saying something anxiously(分词作状语)．Not knowing what he was saying，I ②scratched my head with embarrassment and ③turned my head for help.Fortunately，a shop owner ④was sticking his head out of his shop，I immediately turned to him for help.The shop owner followed me to the foreigner and saw him sitting on the roadside，⑤resting his head against his huge travel pack.The shop owner ⑥interpreted that he must be in need of medical help and we should send him to the nearest hospital.Hearing that，the foreigner ⑦nodded his head weakly and sighed with relief.
我正走在街上，这时一个外国人拦住了我，焦急地说着些什么。我不知道他在说什么，尴尬地挠了挠头，扭过头来寻求帮助。幸运的是，一位店主正把头伸出店外，我立即走向他求助。店主跟着我走到那个外国人面前，看见他坐在路边，把头靠在他的大旅行包上。店主解释说他现在一定需要医疗救助，我们应该把他送到最近的医院。听了这话，那个外国人虚弱地点了点头，松了一口气。
单元主题组合练
[62.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
As people hold different views on almost anything，we live in a ①judgmental world where people are quick to point out the faults and imperfections of others，yet seem ②unaware of their own.Some misguided souls believe they have a duty to help you to be a better person by telling you what a failure you really are first and then offering suggestions as to how you can improve.
So what is the possible solution to criticism
If you are the one forcing others to feel ashamed of themselves，STOP.Make a conscious decision rather than focus on the negative aspect of a person’s performance or attitudes.You are more likely to offer helpful suggestions from the beginning.If you are on the receiving end of criticism，the “OK” response is a perfect solution.When someone comments negatively on a task you are doing or a personality issue of yours，a natural response is to defend and attack.However，this approach is rarely effective as it puts both parties on the defensive.Instead，simply reply with “OK”．This brief one-word response acknowledges the other person’s comment without agreeing with it or feeling necessary to engage in a debate about it.
It is important to remain emotionally attached to what the other person is saying，to listen without feeling，to be a sensible(理智的) observer.In fact，there is much that one can learn from a negative review.You can ask yourself：Did I make a mistake Could I have done better Did I give 100% of myself to the task at hand If so，how can I improve myself As for chronic(习惯性的) ③criticizers：It is important to set strict boundary with them.Remove yourself from their presence when necessary.
In any case，one can learn to be “OK” with criticism and not allow it to negatively impact your life or relationship with the other party.
语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人们面对他人的评头论足时该怎么回应。
1．What may the author think of people who prefer to judge others
A．Warm-hearted. B．Self-centered.
C．Talkative. D．Responsible.
答案 B
解析 观点态度题。根据第一段第二句可知，作者称这些人的行为是“被误导的灵魂认为这是自己的责任”，即自以为是。由此可推知，在作者看来，这样的人以自我为中心。故选B项。
2．What does a person probably convey by saying “OK” according to paragraph 3
A．He thinks the suggestions are helpful.
B．He defenses himself with the response.
C．He agrees with the comments completely.
D．He wants to avoid unnecessary arguments.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，回答“OK”有两层含义：一是承认了对方的评论，二是说话人并不同意这一评论，但没有必要就此展开争论。故选D项。
3．What is the key to making a sensible observer according to paragraph 4
A．Having debates. B．Accepting criticism.
C．Staying objective. D．Avoiding criticizers.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，做一个理智的观察者，重要的是要不带感情地倾听，即保持客观。故选C项。
4．What is the purpose of the text
A．To make a judgment on others.
B．To explain some social behavior.
C．To call for action against attack.
D．To give advice on facing criticism.
答案 D
解析 写作意图题。通读文章内容，尤其是末尾段内容可知，文章主要讨论了应对批评的可能性解决方案：用“OK”来应对批评可以避免一些负面影响的产生。因此可推知，文章的目的是给出面对批评时的建议。故选D项。
语境猜词 ①judgmental(派)＝judg(e)＋ment＋al adj.动辄评头论足的 ②unaware(派)＝un＋aware adj.未觉察到的；未认识到的 ③criticizer(派)＝criticiz(e)＋er n．批评者
B
(2024·河南新乡三模)
More than 400 athletes across a variety of sports，ages and levels of experience were questioned for the study by sports psychology experts from Staffordshire University and Manchester Metropolitan University.The findings reveal that athletes’ belief systems—specifically irrational(非理性的) beliefs—are related to poorer self-confidence，and in turn，greater competitive anxiety and depressive symptoms.
“Phrases that reflect self-depreciating(贬低) beliefs such as ‘If I lose，I’m a failure’ or ‘If I face ①setbacks，it shows how stupid I am’ are warning signs，” said the authors.Paul Mansell，Lecturer in Sport and Exercise Psychology at Staffordshire University，said，“Despite the psychological benefits of physical activity，studies frequently report poor mental health in athletes，which may be exacerbated by adversities，such as injury，②deselection，and performance pressure.We investigated athletes’ beliefs，how they view stress，their levels of self-confidence and put all the data together to work out what might predict psychological well-being.We found irrational beliefs to be a core reason for symptoms of poor mental health in athletes.”
This is the first known study that has examined irrational beliefs，self-confidence，and the psychological well-being of athletes all together.Irrational beliefs are extreme，rigid，and illogical ideas that people hold.For example，a person might believe that they “must” get what they want，or that just because they have failed，they are a “complete failure”．
“We can all work to help athletes develop ③mindsets that help them deal with the challenges of sport and life.By encouraging rational and logical beliefs about performance，we can help athletes to stay healthy amidst the high demands of competitive sport，” said Paul Mansell.
The authors propose Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) as an effective tool for protecting self-confidence.REBT helps athletes to challenge these self-depreciating beliefs and develop beliefs that are more helpful and healthy.For example，rather than believing “I am a failure if I fail”，this might be countered with “Failing is not ideal，but it does not mean that I am a failure”．
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动员的信念系统——尤其是非理性的信念——与自信心的下降有关，进而导致更严重的竞争焦虑和抑郁症状，并介绍了运动员心理健康状况不佳的警告信号。
5．What did the study centre on
A．Physical health of athletes.
B．The competition state of athletes.
C．Psychological health of athletes.
D．Competition habits of athletes.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The findings reveal that athletes’ belief systems—specifically irrational(非理性的) beliefs—are related to poorer self-confidence，and in turn，greater competitive anxiety and depressive symptoms.”和第三段中的“This is the first known study that has examined irrational beliefs，self-confidence，and the psychological well-being of athletes all together.”可知，这项研究关注运动员的心理健康。故选C。
6．Which can best replace the underlined word “exacerbated” in paragraph 2
A．Worsened. B．Examined.
C．Promoted. D．Recognized.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“studies frequently report poor mental health in athletes”和下文“by adversities，such as injury，deselection，and performance pressure”并结合选项可知，运动员经常有心理健康不佳状况，并可能因伤病、被淘汰和表现压力等逆境加剧，推测画线单词表示“恶化，加剧”，与worsen意义相近。故选A。
7．Which of the following is a sign of irrational beliefs
A．Setbacks won’t stop me.
B．If I fail，I will lose everything.
C．It is a world full of competition.
D．What doesn’t kill me makes me stronger.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Irrational beliefs are extreme，rigid，and illogical ideas that people hold.”可知，非理性信念是人们持有的极端、僵化和不合逻辑的信念，B项“如果我失败了，我将失去一切”是极端的、不合逻辑的观念，是非理性的信念。故选B。
8．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Psychological Benefits of Physical Activity
B．Effective Tools for Protecting Self-confidence
C．Rational and Logical Beliefs About Performance
D．Warning Signs of Poor Mental Health in Athletes
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段的“The findings reveal that athletes’ belief systems—specifically irrational(非理性的) beliefs—are related to poorer self-confidence，and in turn，greater competitive anxiety and depressive symptoms.”以及文章内容可知，本文介绍了运动员的信念系统——尤其是非理性的信念——与自信心的下降有关，进而导致更严重的竞争焦虑和抑郁症状，后文介绍了运动员心理健康状况不佳的警告信号，所以“运动员心理健康状况不佳的警告信号”适合作为文章标题。故选D。
语境猜词 ①setback(合)＝set＋back n．挫折，阻碍 ②deselection(派)＝de＋selection n．被淘汰 ③mindset(合)＝mind＋set n．心态
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·福建漳州质检)
“Medicine and technology may fail us at times，but human connection ①grounded in love and compassion always heals(治愈)．” Those words from Dr.Vivek Murthy are ②relatable to many of us in the medical community who increasingly encounter individuals suffering from loneliness.There are many complex factors driving loneliness，but it is clear that positive social connections do in fact “heal”． 1 They may even prolong our life span.Here are several actions you can take to improve your social connections and support your health.
2 For instance，a simple smile to a stranger，a friendly exchange with a store clerk，or a curious question about a pin or piece of jewelry on a colleague can enrich your daily life.
For more substantial connections，explore activities with shared munity centers，libraries and online groups are great munity centers organize a wide range of activities for social connections. 3 Joining a walking group，volunteering at a food bank，or simply calling a long-lost friend can provide a sense of community and purpose.
Our deepest social connections are provided by those closest to us. 4 By engaging in ③open-ended conversations，we can build even more profound and supportive bonds.Such relationships are not only about the easy times；they also involve navigating challenging discussions，which should be approached as chances to learn and grow together.
5 But by taking steps now to start to build a foundation for strong positive social connections in our future，we can make ourselves and our country as a whole healthier.
A．Deep social connections can also come with some drawbacks.
B．There may be no quick fixes to a desperate state of loneliness.
C．Loneliness can lead to feelings of sadness and a lack of purpose.
D．Even short，positive interactions may positively impact our health.
E．These connections greatly improve our physical and mental well-being.
F．Libraries often host book signings and lectures that encourage engagement.
G．Intentionally developing these relationships is crucial for strong social support.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何改善社交联系并保持健康。
1．答案 E
解析 上文“There are many complex factors driving loneliness，but it is clear that positive social connections do in fact ‘heal’．”提到积极的社会关系能“治愈”孤独。选项E“这些关系能大大改善我们的身心健康”承接上文内容，下文“它们甚至能延长我们的生命”是对选项E的语意递进。故选E。
2．答案 D
解析 下文“For instance，a simple smile to a stranger，a friendly exchange with a store clerk，or a curious question about a pin or piece of jewelry on a colleague can enrich your daily life.”说明一些简短的友好联系。选项D“即使是短暂的积极联系也可能影响我们的健康”引领下文内容，符合语境。故选D。
3．答案 F
解析 上文“Community centers，libraries and online groups are great resources.”提到三种活动来源，空前一句介绍了社群中心，空后一句介绍了各种组织，可推知空处是关于图书馆，选项F是说明图书馆的活动内容，符合语境。故选F。
4．答案 G
解析 根据上文“Our deepest social connections are provided by those closest to us.”可知这里介绍了与最亲近之人的联系。选项G承接上文内容，指出有意识地发展这些关系的重要性。故选G。
5．答案 B
解析 根据下文“But by taking steps now to start to build a foundation for strong positive social connections in our future，we can make ourselves and our country as a whole healthier.”中的But可知，上下文构成转折关系。选项B“对于极度孤独的状态，可能没有快速的解决方法”和下文形成语意的转折关系，符合语境。故选B。
语境猜词 ①ground(转)n.→v.以……为基础 ②relatable(派)＝relat(e)＋able adj.可理解的；有关联的 ③open-ended(合＋派)＝open＋end＋ed adj.开放式的；没有限制的
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
My colleagues and I，who have been teaching powerful communication skills，talk about the power of words all the time.We think the words we use are at the heart of 1 .
Over the last twenty years，I have 2 thousands of people.I have heard some 3 of the following many times：“How can I get my boss/colleague to 4 me like I am part of the team？” I have met young people who are made to feel like 5 by their older colleagues，often because the experiences that are shared around the table are about something that happened long ago.I have talked with older people who feel ①out of touch because their younger and more ②culturally-current colleagues 6 refer to new developments in technology that an older colleague is 7 to know.
There are lots of ways we can make someone feel excluded and 8 .But often，in my experience，the words we use are a main 9 .The words have the power to make people feel included，but they also can make people feel 10 .
So，the next time you are in a 11 of some kind，be 12 .If you are in a meeting of engineers and there is someone who doesn’t “speak engineering” the way the rest of you do， 13 using fewer ③technical terms.If you are in a party and are not 14 whether everyone “speaks football”，think about talking about another 15 of your weekend.
语篇解读 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。短文通过谈论别人的经历来说明在某些场合使用合适的语言的重要性。
1．A.success B．friendship
C．inclusion D．sympathy
答案 C
解析 success成功；friendship友谊；inclusion包含；sympathy同情。根据下文“The words have the power to make people feel included”可知，作者认为使用的词语是包容性的核心。故选C。
2．A.praised B．employed
C．criticized D．coached
答案 D
解析 praise赞扬；employ雇用；criticize批判；coach训练，指导。根据上文“who have been teaching”可知，作者指导过成千上万的人。故选D。
3．A.assumptions B．options
C．questions D．suggestions
答案 C
解析 assumption假定，假设；option选择；question问题；suggestion建议。根据下文“How can I get my boss/colleague to me like I am part of the team？”可知，作者听过很多次这样的问题。故选C。
4．A.treat B．rescue
C．admire D．follow
答案 A
解析 treat对待；rescue营救；admire羡慕；follow跟随。根据下文“me like I am part of the team”可知，有些人问“怎样才能让我的老板/同事把我当作团队的一员”。故选A。
5．A.competitors B．outsiders
C．researchers D．professionals
答案 B
解析 competitor竞争者；outsider局外人；researcher研究者；professional专业人士。根据下文“the experiences that are shared around the table are about something that happened long ago”可知，年长的同事分享的经历是关于很久之前发生的某些事的，这使得有些年轻人被迫觉得自己像局外人。故选B。
6．A.gradually B．rarely
C．temporarily D．constantly
答案 D
解析 gradually逐渐地；rarely稀少地；temporarily暂时地；constantly一直地。根据上文“their younger and more culturally-current colleagues”可知，年轻同事和更有文化背景的同事会经常提到科技新发展。故选D。
7．A.hesitant B．unlikely
C．afraid D．unwilling
答案 B
解析 hesitant犹豫的；unlikely不大可能发生的；afraid害怕；unwilling不愿意的。根据上文“an older colleague”可知，一些年长的同事不太可能知道科技的新发展。这也是一种社会现象。故选B。
8．A.unwelcome B．regretful
C．envious D．disappointed
答案 A
解析 unwelcome不受欢迎的；regretful后悔的；envious嫉妒的；disappointed失望的。根据上文“feel excluded”和and表并列可知，此处指感到被排斥和不受欢迎。故选A。
9．A.factor B．result
C．change D．dream
答案 A
解析 factor因素；result结果；change零钱；dream梦想。根据上文“There are lots of ways we can make someone feel excluded and...the words”可知，词汇往往是一个人感到被排斥和不受欢迎的主要因素。故选A。
10．A.sought for B．tested out
C．cared for D．left out
答案 D
解析 seek for寻找；test out测试；care for关心，照顾；leave out不包括，忽视。根据上文“feel included，but they also can make people feel”中的but可知，前后为转折关系，意思相反，即让人感到被包容但也会让人感到被忽视。故选D。
11．A.contest B．gathering
C．camp D．classroom
答案 B
解析 contest竞赛；gathering聚会；camp营地，阵营；classroom教室。根据下文“in a meeting”和“in a party”可知，此处是说下次你参加某种聚会时。故选B。
12．A.confident B．courageous
C．thoughtful D．patient
答案 C
解析 confident自信的；courageous有勇气的；thoughtful考虑周到的；patient耐心的。根据上文说词汇会让人感到被包容但也会让人感到被排斥可知，正因为这样，下次你参加某种聚会时，要深思熟虑。故选C。
13．A.imagine B．consider
C．avoid D．miss
答案 B
解析 imagine想象；consider考虑；avoid避免；miss错过。根据上文“If you are in a meeting of engineers and there is someone who doesn’t ‘speak engineering’ the way the rest of you do”可知，在该情况下要考虑少用一些专业术语。故选B。
14．A.worried B．curious
C．pleased D．sure
答案 D
解析 worried担忧的；curious好奇的；pleased 愉快的；sure确信，有把握。根据下文“think about talking about another of your weekend”可知，此处是说不确定是否每个人都“谈论足球”。故选D。
15．A.element B．day
C．person D．party
答案 A
解析 element要素，元素；day白天；person人；party聚会。根据上文“If you are in a party and are not whether everyone ‘speaks football’”可知，如果你在一个聚会上，不确定是否每个人都“谈论足球”，考虑谈论你周末的另一个元素。故选A。
语境猜词 ①out of touch脱离现实；失去联系 ②culturally-current＝(合)culturally＋current有文化背景的 ③technical terms专业术语
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Qinqiang Opera is a local Chinese opera that mainly thrives(繁荣) in northwest China’s Shaanxi Province，as well as its neighboring regions，like Gansu and Qinghai Provinces.It has the most ancient and 1. (large) musical system of all Chinese operas.
2． (arise) from local folk songs and dance forms in the Yellow River Valley,3.__________ is the birthplace of Chinese culture，the opera first appeared in the Qin Dynasty.4. (it) time-honored history has offered Qinqiang Opera a reputation 5._________ the ①forefather of Chinese operas.
Its contents usually feature such themes as anti-aggression(反侵略) wars，as well as a number of other 6. (topic) of strong human interest that reflect the characteristics of local people.
Qinqiang Opera is also one of the earliest ②operatic musical systems to reflect the emotions of human beings.7. (equip) with a set of performing skills created by the artists，Qinqiang Opera has influenced other operatic forms for long.During the Qing Dynasty，Qinqiang Opera entered Beijing and 8. (direct) affected the formation of Peking Opera.Qinqiang Opera thrived during 9. rule of Emperor Qianlong when Qinqiang troupes(剧团) 10. (distribute) throughout the country.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了秦腔的起源及其艺术特色和发展。
1．答案 largest
解析 考查形容词的最高级。根据上文the most ancient及连词and可知，空处应使用形容词最高级形式largest，表示“规模最大的”。故填largest。
2．答案 Arising
解析 考查非谓语动词。空处应为非谓语动词作状语，arise与其逻辑主语the opera之间为主动关系，使用现在分词形式作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Arising。
3．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the Yellow River Valley，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。
4．答案 Its
解析 考查代词。空处作定语，修饰time-honored history，应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Its。
5．答案 as
解析 考查介词。结合语意可知，此处表示“作为”，空处应用介词as。故填as。
6．答案 topics
解析 考查名词复数。topic为可数名词，根据a number of other及句意可知，空处应用名词复数形式。故填topics。
7．答案 Equipped
解析 考查非谓语动词。空处应为非谓语动词作状语，equip与其逻辑主语Qinqiang Opera之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Equipped。
8．答案 directly
解析 考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词affected，应用副词directly作状语。故填directly。
9．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。空后rule被介词短语修饰，表示特指，结合语意可知，此处表示“乾隆皇帝统治时期”，所以空处应用定冠词the。故填the。
10．答案 were distributed
解析 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据主句谓语thrived可知，句子使用一般过去时，distribute与从句主语Qinqiang troupes之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且其主语是复数，be动词使用were。故填were distributed。
语境猜词 ①forefather(合)＝fore＋father n．祖先；前辈 ②operatic(派)＝opera＋tic adj.歌剧的；歌剧风格的(共90张PPT)
Body Language
选择性必修第一册 Unit 4
内容索引
排查基础知识
突破核心考点
提升写作能力
排查基础知识
Part One
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
vt.表现；表达；说明；证明
adj.相同的
vi.鞠躬；点头
vt.低(头)
n.弓；蝴蝶结
n.腰；腰部
n.& v.审讯 ；审判 ；试验；试用
1
demonstrate
2
identical
3
bow
4
waist
知识速记
5
trial
adj.不涉及言语的；非言语的
vi.垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
vt.给(试卷、问题等)打钩号
vi.(钟表)发出嘀嗒声
n.钩号
n.下巴
n.天花板；上限
n.胸部；胸膛
6
nonverbal
8
tick
9
chin
10
ceiling
11
chest
7
slump
vi.& vt.询问；打听
n.组成部分；零件
n.语气；腔调；口吻
adj.内部的；里面的
vi.干预；介入
12
inquire/enquire
13
component
14
tone
15
internal
16
intervene
adj.合适的；恰当的
n.手势；姿势；姿态
vt.当场看到；目击；见证
n.目击者；证人
n.面颊；脸颊
n.隔阂；障碍
adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
1
appropriate
2
gesture
3
witness
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
4
cheek
5
barrier
6
fake
n.发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
adj.双胞胎之一的；孪生之一的
n.孪生之一；双胞胎之一
n.故作姿态；(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势
vi.摆好姿势
vt.造成(威胁、问题等)；提问
vt.& vi.(bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
7
incident
8
twin
9
pose
10
bend
vt.揭示；显示；露出
vt.把……放低；降低；减少
adj.下面的；下方的；较小的
vt.意味着；暗示
adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚
vi.盯着看；凝视
n.凝视
11
reveal
12
lower
13
imply
14
barely
15
stare
vt.察觉；看待；理解
adv.只是；仅仅；只不过
vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心
n.麻烦；不便
vi.& vt.(wept，wept)哭泣；流泪
n.矛盾；冲突
vi.冲突；抵触
adv.最终；最后
16
perceive
17
merely
18
bother
19
weep
20
conflict
21
ultimately
1
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
vary vi.(根据情况)变化；改变
→various adj.不同的；各种各样的
→variety n.多样性；变化；种类
2
approve vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过
→approval n.赞成；同意；批准
→approving adj.赞许的；赞成的
→disapproval n.反对，不赞成
3
employ vt.使用；应用；雇用
→employee n.雇员；受雇者
→employer n.雇主；雇用者
→employment n.雇用；聘用
4
differ vi.相异；不同于
→different adj.不同的；有差异的
→difference n.差别；差异
5
favour(NAmE -vor) vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同
→favourable adj.赞成的；有利的
→favourite adj.最喜欢的
6
anger n.愤怒；怒气 vt.使生气；激怒
→angry adj.生气的；愤怒的
→angrily adv.生气地；愤怒地
7
8
reliable adj.可靠的；可信赖的
→rely vi.依赖；信赖
slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的
→slightly adv.略微；稍微
9
assess vt.评估；评价
→assessment n.评价；评定
10
clarify vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
→clarification n.澄清；说(阐)明；解释
11
educator n.教师；教育工作者；教育家
→educate vt.教育
→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的
→education n.教育
→educational adj.有教育意义的
12
13
tendency n.趋势；倾向
→tend vt.& vi.照料；护理 vi.倾向于；有……的趋势
occupy vt.占据；占用
→occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的
→occupation n.占领；职业
15
14
distract vt.分散(注意力)；使分心
→distracted adj.心烦意乱的；注意力分散的
→distraction n.分散注意力的事；娱乐，消遣
distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别
→distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的
17
16
anxiety n.焦虑；担心；害怕；渴望
→anxious adj.忧虑的；焦虑的；渴望的
→anxiously adv.焦虑地
embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的
→embarrassing adj.使人难堪的；令人尴尬的
→embarrass vt.使窘迫；使尴尬
→embarrassment n.难堪；窘迫
18
ashamed adj.羞愧；惭愧
→shame n.羞耻；羞愧；让人遗憾的事
→shameful adj.可耻的
→shameless adj.无耻的；没廉耻的
19
adjust vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯
→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的
→adjustment n.调整；调节；适应
20
21
react vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应
→reaction n.反应；副作用
interaction n.交流；相互影响
→interact vi.相互交流；相互影响
→interactive adj.交互的；互动的
22
interpret vt.把……理解(解释)为 vi.& vt.口译
→interpretation n.解释；口译；理解
→interpreter n.口译译员
前缀inter-：在单词internal (adj.内部的；里面的)、intervene (vi.干预；介入)、interpret (vt.口译)中均含有前缀inter-，表示“在……之间，相互”。它通常用于构成与“中间位置”“相互关系”或“两者或多者之间的交互”有关的词汇。如intersection (十字路口)；international(国际的)；interpersonal(人际的)、interview(采访，面试)等。
积累 —— 构词法 学一法 会一类
(1)Both language and culture are interdependent and inseparable.
(2)Our company frequently engages in inter-company cooperation with our sister companies to share resources and expertise.
(3)While observing traditional rules，he uses accurate lines，powerful brush movement as well as the interplay between dark and black to represent the harmony of nature.
_______________
_______________________
____________
adj.相互依赖的
积累 —— 构词法 学一法 会一类
adj.跨公司的；公司间的
n.相互作用
rage /reId / n.暴怒；狂怒
vi.& vt.发怒；怒斥
cultivate /'k ltIveIt/ vt.种植；栽培；培育
mutter /'m t (r)/ vt.& vi.嘀咕；嘟囔
n.嘀咕；嘟哝
obsessive / b'sesIv/ adj.着迷的；难以释怀的
raid /reId/ n.突击检查
vt.突击搜捕；突袭
1
3
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
2
4
5
1
2
by contrast 相比之下
by comparison (与……)相比较
make inferences 推理；推断
break down 消除；分解；打破；(机器等)出故障；
失败
straighten up 直起来；整理；收拾整齐
in other words 换句话说；也就是说
3
4
5
6
Ⅳ.背核心短语
７
call on (短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；
正式邀请
at work 有某种影响；在工作
8
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1
However，you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany，as it is not considered polite.(as引导原因状语从句)
然而，在巴西和德国，你应该避免做出这一手势，因为这是一个被视为不礼貌的手势。
2
And if we are feeling down or lonely，there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.(“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义)
当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。
3
So if a student has his head lowered to look at his watch，it implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
所以，如果一名学生低头看手表，这就表明他觉得无聊，数着时间，只盼早点下课。
4
Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.(部分否定)
当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。
5
While it is easy to perceive when students are interested，bored，or distracted，it is sometimes much harder to distinguish when students are troubled.(while引导让步状语从句)
尽管学生们何时(对讲课)感兴趣、何时感到无聊或精力不集中是容易察觉的，但要发现学生何时有困扰有时会难得多。
6
Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually，so they can all get the most out of school.(疑问词＋不定式)
他们的肢体语言让我知道该何时调整课堂活动、何时干预、何时与学生单独谈话，从而让他们在校收获最大。
(2024·全国甲)If it’s short stories，Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing.
[句式分析] 此句是 句。if引导 从句；主句中you can try是省略了关系代词that/which的 从句，修饰先行词techniques；which引导 从句，作see的宾语。
[尝试翻译] ___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
体验 —— 析真题长句 知高考难度
如果你在写短篇小说，彼得·蒙特福德给出了六种技巧，你可以试着看看哪一种能帮助你成功创作出故事的结尾。
主从复合
条件状语
定语
宾语
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.demonstrate vt.________________________
2.identical adj.________
3.slump vi._____________________
4.trial n.& v._______________________
5.nonverbal adj._______________________
6.inquire/enquire vi.& vt.____________
表现；表达；说明；证明
默写巩固
词汇默写
相同的
垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)
审讯；审判；试验；试用
不涉及言语的；非言语的
询问；打听
7.tick vt.________________________
vi._________________
n.______
8.chest n._____________
9.intervene vi.____________
ponent n.________________
给(试卷、问题等)打钩号
(钟表)发出嘀嗒声
钩号
胸部；胸膛
干预；介入
组成部分；零件
Ⅱ.重点单词
1.___________ adj.合适的；恰当的
2.________ vt.当场看到；目击；见证
n.目击者；证人
3.________ n.手势；姿势；姿态
4.________ n.隔阂；障碍
5._________ n.发生的事情；严重事件；冲突
6._______ adv.几乎不；勉强才能；刚刚
7.______ vt.& vi.(bent，bent)(使)弯曲；倾斜；偏向
appropriate
witness
incident
barely
gesture
barrier
bend
8._____ adj.假装的；假的；冒充的
9.______ vt.把……放低；降低；减少
adj.下面的；下方的；较小的
10.______ vi.盯着看；凝视
n.凝视
11.__________ adv.最终；最后
12._______ vt.揭示；显示；露出
13._______ adv.只是；仅仅；只不过
fake
lower
stare
ultimately
reveal
merely
14._______ vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；因……操心
n.麻烦；不便
15.________ n.矛盾；冲突
vi.冲突；抵触
bother
conflict
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1._________ vi.赞成；同意 vt.批准；通过
→_________ n.赞成；同意；批准
→__________ adj.赞许的；赞成的
2.________ vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同
→___________ adj.赞成的；有利的
→_________ adj.最喜欢的
3._________ vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
→____________ n.澄清；说(阐)明；解释
approve
approval
approving
favour
favourable
favourite
clarify
clarification
4._______ vt.评估；评价
→___________ n.评价；评定
5._________ n.趋势；倾向
→______ vt.& vi.照料；护理 vi.倾向于；有……的趋势
6._________ vt.分散(注意力)；使分心
→__________ adj.心烦意乱的；注意力分散的
→__________ n.分散注意力的事；娱乐，消遣
7.________ vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt. 适应；(使)习惯
→__________ adj.可调整的；可调节的
→___________ n.调整；调节；适应
assess
assessment
tendency
tend
distract
distracted
distraction
adjust
adjustable
adjustment
8.___________ n.交流；相互影响
→________ vi.相互交流；相互影响
→__________ adj.交互的；互动的
9.________ adj.可靠的；可信赖的
→_____ vi.依赖；信赖
10.______ vi.(对……)起反应；回应；(对食物等)有不良反应
→_________ n.反应；副作用
interaction
interact
interactive
reliable
rely
react
reaction
Ⅳ.核心短语
1.____________ 相比之下
2._______________ 推理；推断
3.______________ 换句话说；也就是说
4.________ 有某种影响；在工作
5.____________ 消除；分解；打破
6._____________ 直起来；整理；收拾整齐
in other words
at work
by contrast
make inferences
break down
straighten up
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.__________ of after-class activities will be held in our school，_________ from the English Corner to the Literature Club，so we students can get _________ experiences.(vary)
2.As an __________ of a company，I value each __________ and strive to provide a supportive work environment where they can be fully __________.(employ)
默写巩固
语境运用
Varieties
varying
various
employer
employee
employed
3.Each person is unique，and the ___________ among us make the world a more colorful and interesting place，even though we may have _________ beliefs and backgrounds.(differ)
4.I am __________ with my ___________，which _________ most of my time every day.(occupy)
5.It is ___ shame that you are not _________ of your _________ behavior.
You really should make a sincere apology to your partner.(shame)
6.The ______________(distinguish) farmer can easily distinguish weeds ______ wanted plants.
differences
different
occupied
occupation
occupies
a
ashamed
shameful
distinguished
from
7.I felt _________ as I _________ awaited the result of the exam，my _________ building up with each passing minute.(anxious)
8.I felt extremely ______________ when asked such an _____________ question，but I managed to hide my ________________ by some false smiles.(embarrass)
9.As _________ often say，the _________ can likely hunt for a better job so teenagers should receive further _________ for their future.(educate)
10.Try as I might，I could not contain my _________ any longer and shouted at him _________.(angry)
anxious
anxiously
anxiety
embarrassed
embarrassing
embarrassment
educators
educated
education
anger
angrily
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.虽然不同文化之间存在一些通用的手势，但中美之间的肢体语言确实存在许多差异。(while引导让步状语从句) 1._________________________________
________________________，many differences do exist between Chinese and American body language.Knowing the differences will help people of both countries communicate easily.
Ⅱ.补全短文(微写作)
While there are some universal
gestures between cultures
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.相比之下，美国人通常不会站得很近，也几乎不会触碰对方。(by comparison；barely置于句首的倒装句) There are more touching gestures in China；women in China often walk hand in hand.2. ，Americans usually don’t stand close to each other and
______________________________.
By comparison
barely do they touch each other
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
3.美国人从不这样做，因为他们认为使用这个手势是粗鲁的。(as引导原因状语从句) Also，the Chinese often put out their tongues when embarrassed or ashamed，but Americans never do that,3. . However，Chinese people will pat children on the head if they like them，and Americans also do this when they want to express their comfort or encouragement.
as they think it rude to use this gesture
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
4.所以当我们在不同的国家旅行时，我们应该准确地知道采用哪种手势，以及避免哪种手势。(特殊疑问词＋to do) So when travelling in different countries，we should precisely know 4.____________________________________________.
which gesture to adopt and which
one to avoid
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
5.但请务必记住，无论在哪种文化中，没有哪种手势比微笑更有效、更实用。(“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义) But do keep in mind that 5._____
____________________________________________，no matter which culture it is.
no
gesture is more effective and practical
than smiles
In our interactions with others，we usually employ appropriate body language，namely，nonverbal language 1.________________(demonstrate) our internal emotions.Sometimes we have difficulty interpreting and distinguishing gestures because they aren’t identical.So we should learn to perceive，assess and adjust our words accordingly.For instance，if a person is embarrassed and ashamed，he will lower his head，slightly bend his body,2.______ stare at the ground.If a person is filled with anger or 3.___________(anxious)，he will have a tendency to cross arms in front of his chest，with tears 4. ___________(roll) down his cheeks.
词汇串记
to demonstrate
and
anxiety
rolling
If a person does not move his eyes for a long time，it means that he is 5.____________(distract).By contrast，a person 6.___________ approves of or favors a plan may be witnessed straightening up and nodding his head.Certainly we can’t always make reliable inferences because body language differs across countries and 7.______(vary) from person to person.Nevertheless，I still call on people to reveal body language with the purpose of breaking 8._______ the barriers in our daily communication.After all，properly interpreting and reacting to body language is an important component of our daily routine.In other words，we should occupy 9.___________(us) in learning some body language to ultimately avoid some unnecessary 10.___________ (conflict).
返 回
distracted
who/that
varies
down
ourselves
conflicts
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
突破核心考点
Part Two
vi.(根据情况)变化；改变(various adj.不同的；各种各样的 variety n.多样性；变化；种类)
vary
·vary from...to...在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等
vary in sth 在某方面不同
vary with...随……而变化
·a variety of＝varieties of＝various多种多样的
1
(1)The menus of our restaurants generally vary the changing seasons.
with
(2)We will come across (vary) barriers in our daily life which need to be broken down with strong willpower.
(3)我们学校的英语俱乐部提供了各种各样的有趣的校园活动，从英语演讲比赛到英语才艺展示不等。
The English Club in our school offers _____________________________ interesting campus activities， English speech contests _____ English talent shows.
various
various/a variety of/varieties of
varying from
to
approve
·approve of赞成，同意
·give one’s approval to sth 某人批准某事
win one’s approval得到某人的批准/同意
vi.赞成，同意 vt.批准；通过(approval n.赞成；通过；同意；认可；批准 approving adj.赞许的；许可的 disapprove v.不赞成；不同意)
(1)We are eager to win the educator’s to our project，but he hasn’t given us an gesture up to now.(approve)
2
approval
approving
(2)如果您能批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。(应用文写作之申请信)
We would be grateful ___________________________________________
_________________________.
(3)我做梦也没想到他们竟然会同意我的请求，给予我追求自己热爱的事物并实现目标的机会。(读后续写之情感描写)
Beyond my wildest dreams， ，granting me the opportunity to pursue my passion and achieve my goals.
if you could approve our proposal/give your
approval to our proposal
they should approve of my request
favour
·favour sth/doing sth 较喜欢某事/做某事
·ask sb a favour＝ask a favour of sb 请求某人帮忙
do a favour for sb＝do sb a favour帮某人一个忙
owe sb a favour欠某人一个人情
in favour of赞成；支持
in sb’s favour对某人有利
(NAmE -vor)vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同(favourable adj.赞成的；有利的 favourite adj.最喜欢的)
(1)Thank you for considering our invitation and we are looking forward to your (favor) response.
3
favorable
(2)当得知大多数人都不赞成他的意见时，他勃然大怒。
He boiled with anger when knowing that most of them _______________
______________.
(3)我计划在暑假期间去山上捡垃圾，我想知道你是否能帮我一个忙。
I am planning to pick up garbage in the mountains during the summer vacation and I wonder if .
(4)请记住，机会和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Keep in mind that ______________________________________________
__________.
were not in favour
of his opinion
you could do me a favour/do a favour for me
opportunities and success tend to favour those who
are ready
occupy
·occupy sb/oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于做某事；专心做某事
·be occupied with sth/in doing sth 忙于做某事
vt.占用；占领；占据(occupied adj.使用中；忙于；被占领的 occupation n.占领；职业)
4
(1)Ultimately，you must state your full name，age and ____________
(occupy) in your application form.
occupation
(2)Because they were (occupy) in making and selling popcorn，they had no time to play around.
→ ，they had no time to play around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→ ，they had no time to play around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
occupied
Occupying themselves in making and selling popcorn
Occupied in making and selling popcorn
adjust
vt.调整；调节 vi.& vt.适应；(使)习惯(adjustment n.调整；适应 adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的)
5
(1)To our amazement，the school chairs are ，so children can make some according to their height.(adjust)
·adjust (oneself) to (doing)...适应……；习惯……
adjust...to...调整……以适应……
·make an adjustment/adjustments作出调整
adjustable
adjustments
(2)得知你在适应新学校生活方面有些困难，我写这封信是想给你一些建议。(应用文写作之建议信)
_____________________________________________________________，I’m writing to give you some tips.
(3)我写信是想向你道歉，因为我没有及时对相关信息进行调整，这给你带来了很大的不便。(应用文写作之道歉信)
I am writing to apologize for _____________________________________
________________________ in a timely manner，causing you significant inconvenience.
Learning that you have difficulty (in) adjusting to the new school life
not adjusting/making an adjustment to
the relevant information
break down
break away (from)离开；脱离
break in(不及物)插嘴；闯入
break into(及物)闯入；突然……起来
break out爆发
break up分散；拆散；驱散；分手
break through突破；克服
分解；(机器等)损坏，出故障；(谈判)失败；(身体)垮掉；消除；打破
6
用break相关短语的正确形式补全语段
A quarrel between Rose and one of her roommates，Jane.Overcome with rage，Rose claimed she would with Jane.Seeing the case，another roommate，Kate ，trying to solve the conflict.Kate insisted that no one should the dormitory.She suggested Rose and Jane calm down and have a talk with each other.Rose thought the talk would definitely ，while Jane offered to apologize to Rose.Rose tears，hugging Jane tightly.Eventually，the smiles on their faces the clouds of anger，and the two girls made up again.
broke out
break up
broke in
break away from
break down
broke into
broke through
in other words
in a word总之；简言之
keep one’s word遵守诺言
break one’s word失信；不守诺言
have a word with...与……谈一谈
have words with sb和某人吵架
word came that...有消息传来说……
换句话说；也就是说
7
有消息说因为你违背诺言你的搭档和你吵架了。为了消除你们之间的隔阂，为何不和你的搭档谈一谈，并真诚表达你衷心的歉意呢？另外，保证从现在起遵守诺言。总之，竭尽全力去修复你们的关系，因为没有什么比友谊更重要的了。(应用文写作之建议信)
(1) your partner (2) you because you (3) .To break down your barriers，why not (4) your partner and express your heartfelt apology sincerely Besides，make sure to (5) from now on.
(6) ，do whatever you can to restore your relationship，because nothing is more important than the friendship.
Word came that
had words with
had broken your word
have a word with
keep your word
In a word
call on
call up给……打电话；(使)想起
call off＝cancel取消
call for(公开)要求；需要
call in打电话来；召来，叫来；收回
call at拜访(地点)；(火车等)停留
(短暂地)访问；要求(某人讲话等)；正式邀请；呼吁；号召
8
用call短语的正确形式填空
(1)The twin brothers their grandpa on a weekly basis.
(2)Can you still the days when we were together in Brazil
(3)The conference was because of the unexpected incident.
(4)The activity is aimed at students to be occupied with their school work.
(5)There are violent conflicts and barriers between them，which _________ immediate solutions.
called on
call up
called off
calling on
call for
部分否定
·部分否定：当all，both，each，every，everybody，everyone，everything，
always，whole，entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定副词not
连用时，无论not的位置如何，均构成部分否定，意为“不是……都；并非……都”。
·全部否定：当neither，no one，no，none，never，nothing，no more，no
longer，no way，not...any等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用时，
构成全部否定结构。
Of course，not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class.当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都是在认真听课。
9
(1)我同意你说的大部分内容，但并非同意你讲的一切。
I agree with most of what you said，but ___________________________ that you said.
(2)汤姆让杰克和彼得陪他去野餐，但是他们两个都不想去，因为他们有工作要做。
Tom asks Jack and Peter to go on a picnic with him，but ____________
________________，because they have work to do.
I don’t agree with everything
neither of
them want(s) to
(3)并非所有梦想都能实现，但这并不意味着我们应该放弃梦想。(读后续写之主旨升华)
__________________________________________________，but that doesn’t mean we should stop dreaming.
Not all dreams come true/All dreams don’t come true
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1.She set up her own company and employed① more than 20 people.She successfully operated it by employing② many scientific methods.
①________
②_______________
v.雇用
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
基础达标
v.应用，采用
2.The car broke down① on the highway，leaving us anxious.We tried to fix it，but our efforts broke down②.Frustrated，we called for help.As we waited，tensions gradually started to break down③，and we laughed about our misfortunes.
①________
②______
③______
出故障
失败
消除
3.Her anxiety① for success drove her to study hard，but the upcoming exam filled her with anxiety② and nervousness.
①________
②_______________
n.渴望
n.焦虑，紧张
4.She is not the only expert to issue a warning about the threat posed① by solar storms.To raise people’s awareness in a creative way，she struck a dramatic pose②，mimicking the effects of a solar storm，and had her assistant take a picture.At the meeting，however，many people posed③ questions about the meaning and relevance of her picture，wondering why she chose such a pose② for her awareness campaign.
①____________________
②_______
③_____________
vt.造成，引起，产生
n.姿势
vt.提出(问题)
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.So ________(rely) was the journalist that we all agreed to adopt his idea and set out immediately.
2.By ____________(compare)，I prefer the column telling about splendid stories of our national heroes.
3.With so many different poetry themes ___________(choose) from，students may want to write poems of their own.
4.The government calls on us ___________(protect) rare animals from being extinct.
reliable
comparison
to choose
to protect
5.He didn’t bother ___________________(answer) my question，which didn’t appeal to him.
6.___________(occupy) in his research，he didn’t have time to take part in amusing entertainments.
7.She was covered in spider-webs and was _______(bare) able to move her wings. (2023·浙江1月)
8.Since Internet voting is an unavoidable ___________(tend)，it is necessary that some measures should be taken to make things better.
9.The two sides are trying to sit down and find a way ___________(tackle) the conflict in peace.
answering/to answer
Occupied
barely
tendency
to tackle
10.The expert displayed the ability to distinguish paintings of high quality ________ poor ones.
返 回
from
提升写作能力
Part Three
应用文增分练
语言文化
假定你是李华，你们学校举行了关于“Body language”的讨论，请你写一篇英语报道向校报投稿。内容包括：
1.学生的观点；2.肢体语言的文化差异；3.你的建议。
1.上周见证了一场关于肢体语言在跨文化交际中的影响的激烈讨论。(witness)
_____________________________________________________________
2.大多数学生赞成肢体语言因文化而异的观点。(in favor of；vary from...to...)
_____________________________________________________________
3.在某些国家点头意味着不同意；而在另一些国家点头则意味着认可。(by contrast；approval)
_____________________________________________________________
应用文增分练
完成句子
4.但并非所有的肢体语言都有相反的含义，因此在理解上存在困难。(部分否定；pose)
_____________________________________________________________
5.微笑是一种通用的肢体语言，可以打破多种语言障碍。(break down)
_____________________________________________________________
6.为了促进跨文化交流，我们应该恰当地运用肢体语言，并在必要时作出必要的调整。(adjust；状语从句的省略)
_____________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。
应用文增分练
组句成篇
Last week witnessed a heated discussion about the influence of body language in cross-culture communication.
The majority of students were in favor of the idea that body language varied from culture to culture.For example，nodding implies disagreement in some countries；by contrast，it means approval in some others.But not all body language has opposite meanings，thus posing difficulties in understanding.Smile is a universally acknowledged body language that can break down many language barriers.
To promote cross-culture communication，we should appropriately use body language and make some necessary adjustments when necessary.
应用文增分练
参考范文
亮词 [情感描写] break down；anger→angry；reliable；anxiety→anxious；embarrassed→embarrass→embarrassment；ashamed
[动作描写] approve；witness；interpret；favor；bow；straighten up；pose；bend；lower；stare；distinguish；call on；weep；adjust
续写积累提能练
教材语料整合
美句 1.There are also differences in how we touch each other，how close we stand to someone we are talking to，and how we act when we meet or part.(排比修辞)
2.It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.(比喻修辞)
3.Students who are angry，afraid，or experiencing anxiety may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed，like they are guarding their bodies.(动作描写＋比喻修辞)
美句 4.Students who are sad or worried will nearly always wear a frown.(外貌描写)
5.Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities，when to intervene，and when to talk to students individually.(排比修辞)
动作细节描写：头部动作
单词 nod v.点头；shake v.摇头；scratch v.挠(头)；pat v.轻拍；turn/twist v.扭转；bow v.低(头)；鞠躬
词块 hang/drop/lower/bend one’s head低头；raise one’s head 抬头；throw one’s head back把头往后仰；shake one’s head摇头；put/hold/bury one’s head in one’s hands双手抱头；rest one’s head on/against把头靠在……上面；head for/towards朝……走去
续写积累提能练
拓展语料积累
句型 1.Feeling ashamed，the boy lowered his head awkwardly.男孩感到羞愧，尴尬地低下了头。
2.They nodded their heads in agreement.他们点头同意。
3.Feeling embarrassed，he scratched his head，not knowing what to do next.他感到尴尬，挠了挠头，不知道下一步该怎么办。
4.He stuck his head out around the door to see what was happening outside.他把头伸到门外看看外面发生了什么事。
5.He turned his head slightly and looked at her.他微微转过头，抬眼看着她。
助人
I was walking in the street when a foreigner stopped me，①_______
___________________(分词作状语).Not knowing what he was saying，I ② and ③__________________
_______.Fortunately，a shop owner ④____________________________
_______，I immediately turned to him for help.
我正走在街上，这时一个外国人拦住了我，焦急地说着些什么。我不知道他在说什么，尴尬地挠了挠头，扭过头来寻求帮助。幸运的是，一位店主正把头伸出店外，我立即走向他求助。
续写积累提能练
语料运用
saying
something anxiously
scratched my head with embarrassment
turned my head for
help
was sticking his head out of his
shop
返 回
The shop owner followed me to the foreigner and saw him sitting on the roadside，⑤ .The shop owner ⑥ he must be in need of medical help and we should send him to the nearest hospital.Hearing that，the foreigner
⑦_______________________ and sighed with relief.
店主跟着我走到那个外国人面前，看见他坐在路边，把头靠在他的大旅行包上。店主解释说他现在一定需要医疗救助，我们应该把他送到最近的医院。听了这话，那个外国人虚弱地点了点头，松了一口气。
resting his head against his huge travel pack
interpreted that
nodded his head weakly
