英语
本试卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The greening of planes,trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global
CO,emissions().As the world races to decarbonize everything,it faces particular
problems with transportation-which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related
greenhouse gas emissions.Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different
modes of transport.
SHIPPING OTHER
ROAD VEHⅡCLES
10.6%
2.2%
S88888888888889888
ROAD (PASSENGER)
ROAD (GOODS)
45.1%
29.4%
AIRPLANES
RAIL
11.6%
1%
The fuels for transport need to be not just green,cheap and powerful,but also
lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.Each mode of transport has its specific fuel
needs.Much is still to be settled,but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
PLANES-Synthetic hydrocarbons
CARS—Batteries
The hardest sector to decarbonize is
Batteries are energy-efficient and electric
aviation.One long-term option for
cars can plug into existing systems and
sustainable fuel for planes is to make
services.New solid-state batteries will
hydrocarbons from recycled air.
take a car farther on a single charge.
FUTURE FUELS
TRAINS-Electricity
TRUCKS-Hydrogen
SHIPS-Liquid ammonia
Some trains are already
fuel cells
Liquid ammonia is easy
electrified through rails
Hydrogen fuel cells are a
to keep and transport,but
or wires;others can be
lighter choice than batteries
it is hard to ignite(点燃)
made electric in pretty
for trucks,but making green
and requires an engine
simple ways.
hydrogen is expensive.
redesign.
This energy transition()is global,and the amount of renewable energy the
world will need is "a little bit mind-blowing,says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at
the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.It's estimated that the global demand for
electricity could more than double by 2050.Fortunately,analyses suggest that
renewables are up to the task."We need to speed up the development of green energy,
and it will all get used,says Wipke.
21.What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A.11.6%.
B.45.1%.
C.74.5%.
D.86.1%.Part1 听力
Text 1:【旅客申报行李丢失及航空公司处理流程】
M:Excuse me, l just arrived on the flight from Melbourne, and my suitcase ismissing.
W: We're very sorry, sir, could you put down your information in this form
We'll do everything we can to find your suitcase.
M:Okay.
Text 2:【讨论毕业后计划】M: Have you talked over your future plan with your parents, Sarah W:
Well,my parents would like me to do my Masters after graduation. l'mthinking of volunteering as
a social worker for a year.M:Good for you.
Text 3:【讨论搬家意向及郊区看房计划】W:We really need to move, Steve. So many cars go by
every day and no suncomes through the windows.
M:Yeah, this house is kind of old. What do you have in mind
W: Maybe we should have a look in the suburbs.
Text 4:【初次滑雪体验及感受)
M:Do you often ski here
W:No, this is my first time.
M:So how do you like it so far
W:The snow is brilliant. lt would be better if there were fewer people
Text 5:【指路与目的地确认】
W: Now we've crossed the stone bridge, turn right again.Look ! Here'sthe Art Center. The Grand
Theatre is two blocks away.M:Nearly there.We won't be late then.
Text 6:【交通违章处理(学校区域超速)】
M: Miss,l'llneed to see your driver's license.
W: Was l doing something wrong
M: You're driving in a school zone around the time school lets out.The speedlimit is 15 miles an
hour, and you were going 35,W: Butit's only 2:10 p.m..The students aren't dismissed until
3:30M:Today is Wednesday. Students are dismissed an hour and a halfearlier on Wednesdays.
W: Oh, no, you're right. l just forgot that.
Text 7【: 偶遇熟人并邀请聚餐】M : Hi, Grace. Haven't seen you for some time!W: Oh, Kevin. Nice
to see you. Are you also here for dinner M: Yes. My cousin Fiona isn't in town, and this is her
favorite steakhouse. Youmet her last year, right
W: Yes, at Jennifer's wedding.
M: Right Look, are you here alone Would you like to join us W: That's very nice of you, but l'm
meeting David and some other friends fordinner. You remember, David, from Class Two
M: Of course. He was the captain of our school's basketball team. l haven'tseen him since
graduation.
W: He worked abroad for 3 years and has just come back.M: Well,i'll go and say a quick hello. We
definitely should get togethersometime and have a drink.
Text 8【: 探讨电视节目类型(教育性与娱乐性)】W: There's nothing decent to watch these days on
TV.M: Nothing decent There's tons of stuff.W: They've cut down on the number of news
programs, and the number ofdocumentaries. All have been replaced by these stupid reality
shows andgame shows,you know.
M: Well, they often make me laugh. People want to watch that kind of thing.It's good, you know.
As long as there's a balance, there's a bit of this, a bit ofthat.
W: Should we be giving people what they want to watch Or should we be.you know, trying to
educate them M: Well, Ty is there for entertainment. lf you want an education, you go
touniversity or college or something, don't you W: No. l really don't think so.
Text 9:【学校服务项目介绍(家校与社区互动)】W:Welcome to Education Update. This is Kathy.
We have Robert Halfrom Mountainside High School with us today. Hello, Mr. Hall. Could you telus
about the service program in your school M: Okay.lt goes like this.On certain days each month ,
adults from theneighborhood sit in class with the students and see what's going on in theschool.
W: That's interesting. What else can they do M: They can also take adult courses in the evenings
for both fun and seriouslearning.
W: What about the students What can they do in the program M: Well, they can change places
with adults and go working on a farm or in afactory or taking care of the housework.W: Good.
This helps them better understand the lives of their parents andknow more about their
neighborhood.M: Yes. Students have a chance to work in hospitals, nursing homes, librariesand
even in government offices.
W: So the school is not only part of the student's lives, but also part of theneighborhood.M:
That's exactly what our service program is forW: Great. Thank you, Mr. Hall.
Text 10:【艺术项目如何传播气候变化意识】
Good evening. Tonight, I'll continue to share how we can use art to spreadthe word about
the changing climate.In our day-to-day lives, climate changecan be hard to see, but some places
will feel the changes sooner than others.The city l live in is very flat and close to the water line.
And rising sea levelsare already creating floods. So l decided to do something to make
itimpossibletoignore.startedprojectanartcalled Underwater Homeowners ’ Association and
painted numbers ontothousands of large signs. Each number showed how high someone's
housewas above sea level. A one would mean that if the sea level rose one foot, thebuilding
would flood.l gave the signs to homeowners who put them in theiryards. Kids painted more signs
and put them near their schools and alongbusy roads. The project has already had a real world
effect. The people whoput the signs in their yards created a real homeowners association to
addressclimate change in their communities.
Part 2 阅读
阅读 A 篇
探讨交通运输领域的碳排放问题，通过数据对比和利弊分析指出未来能源改革的方向，强调加
快绿色能源的发展。
阅读 B 篇
老师教学生写文章，学生也让老师学到了东西。主旨是教学相长。主要讲述了一位老师带领发
现当思考写作时，学生只能反馈出寥寥几行的文字，然而当他提出一些创作型命题时，学生文
思泉涌，会创造出很多有美好品格的人物。这使我意识到，我所提的问题应该激发学生创作欲
望。老师教学生写文章，学生也让老师学到了东西。
阅读 C 篇
Why the rush
A new book about urban mobility invites us to think differently about our streets: who do
they belong to, what are they for, who gets to decide
SARAH BARNS BOOKS 21 JANUARY 2023 2641 WORDS
Walkable, loveable, liveable: the streets of Amsterdam. Franklin Heijnen/Flickr
What do you see when you look out your front door It’s probably a street, and on that
street cars are likely to have right of way over any other form of movement. If you want to leave
your house, you’re going to need to negotiate around these cars. And if you have a small child
with you, you’ll need to pay special attention to holding their hand tight lest they run on to the
street and risk being killed or seriously injured.
This small child doesn’t know that the street out the front of their house is, potentially, a
very dangerous place. A very dangerous place: the street outside is something all parents take
great care to teach their children to be wary of, never to linger on, never to cross without an
adult. Remember: Look right, then left, then right again.
Luckily, pedestrian fatalities in Australia are slowly decreasing. In 1998 398 pedestrians died,
but by 2018 the number had fallen to 177, though this past decade the figure has remained
pretty steady. Worldwide, some 270,000 pedestrians are killed each year on roads, and this
number also shows a downward trend over time.
So are our streets becoming less dangerous to walk on Not necessarily. While safety
improvements might have been made in our streets in recent years, many traffic studies also
show declines in pedestrian mobility, especially among young children.
When quizzed on these trends, close to 70 per cent of parents in New South Wales said
there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school in the morning.
Many parents of small children will bundle them into the car instead — much safer.
Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet are bothered by facts like these.
In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives they call for
a radical rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives.
Verkade and te Br mmelstroet lead with a series of provocations: Why do we think about
streets first and foremost as places to move from A to B Why does the need for speed and
efficiency triumph over other kinds of use And do we even know how to imagine alternatives
Questions like these hadn’t occurred to Verkade, a Rotterdam-based journalist, until she
met te Br mmelstroet, otherwise known as “ the Cycling Professor,” at the University of
Amsterdam. On assignment to write a series on bicycle superhighways, Verkade’s interview with
te Br mmelstroet completely upended how she thought about streets, inspiring the three-year
journey of discovery recounted in Movement.
“Be warned,” she writes, “Read this book and you might never look at the street outside
your front door in the same way again.”
THE CARS THAT ATE PARIS — AND LOS ANGELES, SYDNEY AND DELHI TOO
It’ s hard to overestimate how radically the automobile has transformed how we live
together in communities. With the mass adoption across developed nations in the twentieth
century came the wholesale reconstruction of city neighbourhoods.
The principle of circulation took hold: looking down on Manhattan in the 1930s from his
privileged view in an aeroplane, Le Corbusier was struck by a vision of the city as a body in need
of fluidity of movement. He called motor cars “machines of circulation” and likened roads to
human arteries, promoting flow and reducing stagnation. Instead of crooked lane-ways and
dense housing, motorways were built to clear congestion and connect far-flung suburbs.
Before the transformation: Cunningham Place, The Rocks. State Library of NSW Resumption
photographic survey/Museums of History NSW
Life on city streets changed. Playing on the street became more dangerous as more and
more people drove cars. Whole neighbourhoods were demolished to make way for new road
networks. Kids learned to play elsewhere.
Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her
family to Manhattan in the early 1950s, resisting the pull of low-rise suburbia in favour of
cheaper inner-city housing and street buskers, found herself leading a community campaign to
stop the demolition of her local park, Washington Square. Describing her alarm at its proposed
replacement with a sunken expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor to champion“New York
as a decent place to live, and not just push through.”
Jacobs would go on to lead a successful ten-year battle to save the park and the surrounding
Greenwich Village, inspiring community campaigns across the world. In Amsterdam, Verkade and
te Br mmelstroet write, a mass campaign of tactical resistance from community and activist
groups prevented the demolition of the city centre to make way for a new road network.
何必匆忙？
——一本关于城市交通的新书，邀我们重新审视街道：归属谁、为何用、谁来定？
莎拉·巴恩斯 书评 2023 年 1 月 21 日 共 2641 词
可步行、可爱、宜居：阿姆斯特丹的街道。（图片来源：富兰克林·海涅恩/Flickr）
当你望向家门口，映入眼帘的大抵是一条街道。在这条街上，汽车很可能比其他任何出
行方式都享有优先通行权。若你想出门，得小心避让这些车辆；若带着小孩，更要紧紧握住
他们的手，以防他们跑到街上，遭遇伤亡风险。
小孩子并不知道，家门前的街道可能是个极其危险的地方。“外面的街道很危险”——
这是所有父母都会反复叮嘱孩子的话：别在路边逗留，没有大人陪同绝不能横穿马路。记住：
先看右边，再看左边，最后再看右边。
幸运的是，澳大利亚的行人死亡人数正缓慢下降：1998 年有 398 人丧生，到 2018 年降
至 177 人，不过过去十年这一数字基本稳定。全球范围内，每年约有 27 万行人死于道路事
故，这一数字也呈逐年下降趋势。
那么，我们的街道是否变得更安全了？未必。尽管近年来街道安全设施有所改善，但多
项交通研究显示，行人的出行活跃度在下降，尤其是儿童群体。
当被问及这一趋势时，近 70%的新南威尔士州父母表示，早高峰交通太拥堵，孩子无法
安全步行上学。许多有小孩的父母会选择开车送孩子——毕竟这样“更安全”。
荷兰作家塔莉娅·维尔卡德和马尔科·特·布罗梅尔斯托特，对这类现象深感忧虑。在
她们的新书《流动：如何夺回街道，重塑生活》中，呼吁人们重新思考街道的角色，以及它
在我们生活中扮演的意义。
维尔卡德和特·布罗梅尔斯托特以一系列尖锐提问开篇：为何我们首先将街道视为“从
A 到 B 的通行工具”？为何速度和效率的优先级，远超街道的其他用途？甚至，我们真的懂
得想象“另一种可能”吗？
在遇到阿姆斯特丹大学的“自行车教授”特·布罗梅尔斯托特之前，鹿特丹记者维尔卡
德从未思考过这些问题。当时，她受命撰写一组关于“自行车超级公路”的报道，而与特·布
罗梅尔斯托特的访谈，彻底颠覆了她对街道的认知，也促成了《流动》一书中，那段历时三
年的探索之旅。
“警告：读完这本书，你看待家门前街道的眼光，可能再也回不去了。”她写道。
吞噬巴黎的汽车——洛杉矶、悉尼、德里亦未能幸免
汽车如何彻底改变了我们的社区生活，再怎么高估都不为过。20 世纪，随着汽车在发
达国家大规模普及，城市街区也经历了全盘重构。
“流通至上”的原则占据了主导：20 世纪 30 年代，勒·柯布西耶从飞机上俯瞰曼哈顿，
突然意识到“城市应像生命体般流动”。他将汽车称为“流通机器”，把道路比作人体动脉
——促进流动，消除停滞。于是，弯曲的小巷和密集的住宅被拆除，高速公路取而代之，只
为疏导拥堵、连接远郊。
变革前的景象：岩石区的坎宁安广场（图片来源：新南威尔士州历史博物馆/岩石区收
回计划摄影调查）
城市街道的生活彻底改变：越来越多人开车，在街上玩耍变得危险；整片社区被拆除，
为新路网让路；孩子们只能去别处找乐子。
一些社区开始反抗。最著名的案例来自 20 世纪 50 年代初：一位加拿大记者举家搬至曼
哈顿，拒绝“低层郊区”的诱惑，选择更廉价的市中心住房和街头艺人的氛围。却意外发现
自己领导了一场社区运动——阻止当地华盛顿广场公园被拆除，以修建下沉式高速公路。
简·雅各布斯呼吁市长：“纽约应是宜居之地，而非任人‘硬闯’的通道。”
雅各布斯随后领导了长达十年的斗争，成功保住了公园和周边的格林威治村，也激励了
全球的社区运动。维尔卡德和特·布罗梅尔斯托特写道，在阿姆斯特丹，社区与活动家发起
的“策略性抵抗运动”，阻止了市中心被拆除以修建新路网的计划。
阅读 D 篇——NewScientist
Boiling tap water can remove 80 per cent of the microplastics in it
Tap water contains tiny particles of plastic and we don’t know how they affect our health
– now it seems that boiling the water for 5 minutes can remove most of them
By Chris Stokel-Walker
28 February 2024
Boiling tap water before use can remove at least 80 per cent of the tiny, potentially harmful
plastic particles it contains.
Nano and microplastics (NMPs) are pieces of plastics like polystyrene, polythene and
polypropylene that range from between 0.001 to 5 millimetres in diameter. Their impact on
health is still being studied, but researchers suspect they are damaging to humans.
Eddy Zeng at Jinan University in China and his colleagues took samples of tap water and
measured their levels of NMPs, finding an average concentration of 1 milligram per litre. They
then boiled the samples for 5 minutes, before allowing them to cool. The levels of NMPs were
then remeasured and found to have reduced by more than 80 per cent.
“We estimated that intakes of NMPs through boiled water consumption were two to five
times less than those through tap water on a daily basis,” says Zeng. “This simple but effective
boiling-water strategy can ‘decontaminate’ NMPs from household tap water and has the
potential for harmlessly alleviating human exposure to NMPs through water consumption.”
The NMPs were removed by becoming ensnared in crystalline structures of limescale
formed from the calcium in the water, says Zeng. More particles were removed from “hard”
water – that containing high levels of calcium – than from “soft” water, which has lower
levels of it.
Allowing the water to reach boiling point was an important contributing factor to how
efficiently those crystalline structures were created. “Boiling water has some other benefits,
such as killing bacteria and parasites and removing trace heavy metals,” he says.
“The way they demonstrated how things were deposited through the boiling process was
nice,” says Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay at the University of Glasgow, UK. However, she adds that
the world should be seeking to solve the problem of microplastics in drinking water long before
they reach homes. “We should be looking into modifying drinking water treatment plants so
they remove microplastics,” she says.
Part 3 七选五
答案：EDCFG
英文原文：
Need a break between classes or just a pick - me - up The college offers more. Not only
does it serve drinks, it also serves smiles.
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker with a green shirt and black hat, makes sure customers get
what they exactly want. She goes back and forth between machines to make drinks. After
finishing the order, she calls out the names on the cups. As the students grab the drinks, she
smiles and says "How is your day ". Even when the line is longer, she doesn't let it get in the way
of her genuine conversation.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives 30 minutes every day to work on time.
Sometimes she arrives early to work early. "I do so to make drinks for students. That is what they
need." Being a mother and a wife, Murphy knows how to be there for others.
One thing Murphy doesn't know is that her smile is contagious and can make a difference in
her students having a much better day than they were having before meeting her. XX is a political
science major. She loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least 6 times a week. "Buying coffee here
starts my day well and gets me ready for class. Her huge smile puts me in a good mood."
Murphy has served drinks for 23 years and never imagined working anywhere else. She
loves the work and has every intention to continue the job.
中文翻译：
课间需要休息一下，还是只想来杯提神饮品？这所大学能提供的不止于此。它不仅供应
饮品，还传递微笑。
凯瑟琳·墨菲是校园咖啡馆的一名工作人员，身着绿色衬衫、头戴黑色帽子，确保每位
顾客都能得到自己真正想要的东西。她在机器之间来回忙碌地制作饮品。完成订单后，她会
喊出杯身上的名字。当学生们接过饮品时，她会微笑着问候：“今天过得怎么样？” 即使
队伍排得很长，她也不会让忙碌影响真诚的交流。
墨菲每天凌晨 4 点 45 分起床，驱车 30 分钟准时上班。有时她会提前到岗、提前开始工
作。“我这样做是为了给学生们准备饮品，这是他们需要的。” 作为母亲和妻子，墨菲懂
得如何为他人付出。
有一件事墨菲不知道：她的微笑具有感染力，能让学生们的一天比遇见她之前更加美好。
XX 是政治学专业的学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少来这家咖啡馆 6 次。“在这里买咖啡让我
每天都有好的开始，也让我为上课做好了准备。她灿烂的笑容让我心情舒畅。”
墨菲已经从事饮品服务工作 23 年，从未想过在其他地方工作。她热爱这份工作，打算
一直做下去。
Part 4 完形填空
答案：BDACB BACDA BCDAB（仅供参考）
英文原文（完形填空）：
One August afternoon I sat in my kitchen, staring at the glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight
since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy emptying out the beloved
home that family had spent 23 years filling up. We decided on key items for the apartment we
were moving to in town, donated what we could and rented a place to store supposedly
important things. That left a house stuffed with things that, while not particularly valuable, didn’
t belong in a landfill.
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one
wanting additional photos, another asking for a price cut. As our move day drew near, I settled on
a new price ($0), and reposted it. The description: "I hate this vase maybe you won’ t." In an
instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.
Encouraged, I posted more. My daily posts and the visits I received became a precious ray of
light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provides a chance to spare the landfill and to
please another person I might not otherwise have encountered.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the belongings that share our small space. I take
joy in knowing that somewhere nearby, someone is appreciating something that couldn’t come
with us.
中文翻译：
八月的一个下午，我坐在厨房，盯着那个自婚礼后就再没见过天日的玻璃花瓶。
我和丈夫刚卖掉房子，正忙着清空这个家人花了 23 年填满的温馨家宅。我们选定了要
带去镇上新家公寓（apartment）的重要物件，能捐赠的都捐了，还租了个地方存放（store）
那些看似重要的物品。这让房子里塞满（stuffed）了各种东西——它们虽没多高价值
（valuable），却也不该进垃圾填埋场（landfill）。
我给花瓶拍了照，以 10 美元的价格挂到网上。几条留言传来：一条想要更多照片
（photos），另一条要求降价。随着搬家日临近，我把价格定为 0 美元，重新发布时附上描
述（description）：“我不喜欢这花瓶，也许你会喜欢。” 眨眼间，一个女人冲进我家，开
心地带着花瓶离开了。
受到鼓舞（Encouraged），我发布了更多物品。日常的发布和收到的互动反馈（visits，
意译“访客交流”），成了杂乱搬家过程中珍贵的光芒。每次交易，既让这些物件免于（spare）
被丢进垃圾填埋场，也让我有机会邂逅原本不会遇见（encountered）的人，取悦他们。
如今我坐在公寓里，爱着共处这小空间的每一件物件（belongings）。想到附近某个地
方，有人在珍视（appreciating）那些没能跟我们搬来的东西，我便满心欢喜（joy）
Part 5 语法填空
源文来自中国日报
https://www.chinadaily./a/202306/09/WS64824f27a31033ad3f
7bb3dc.html
英文文章（语法填空）：
An exhibition at the Liushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring
artwork inspired by Go, one of the oldest board games in the
world, 56 which originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go,
or weiqi in Chinese, is one of 57 the earliest binary - based games.
The movements of the black and white pieces reflect basic ideas of
Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, curator of the
exhibition.
"The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting - edge
technology and contemporary art," says Tu. "We hope 58 to
present the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and
initiate dialogues with minimalism art, conceptual art and
expressionism."
"Go is like the algorithms (算法) in your cell phone. You try to
lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your 59
guidance (guide)till they lose," explains Wang Wei, a Go player
among the visitors to the exhibition.
"The players' personalities 60 are revealed during the game, and
one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent," she adds. "A decent
winner always 61 tries to outplay the opponent 62by no more than one
or two points as a gesture of modesty and respect for the other side."
Tu says it was the balance between the black and white pieces, beauty
in the 63 strategic （ strategy）placement of the pieces, 64 and the
energy flow following each move that inspired artists to create oil
paintings, sculptures, 65 digitally（digital）generated graphics and silk
- screen prints for the show.
中文解析（语法填空）：
1. 56. which
考查定语从句关系词。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
Go（指物），且在从句中作主语，故填 which。
2. 57. the
考查冠词。形容词最高级 earliest 前需用定冠词 the，构成
“one of the + 最高级 + 名词 ”结构，故填 the。
3. 58. to present
考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth 为固定搭配（不定式作宾语，
表“希望做某事”），故填 to present。
4. 59. guidance
考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词 your 后需接名词，故填
guidance（guide 的名词形式，表“指引”）。
5. 60. are revealed
考查动词时态和语态。主语 personalities 与 reveal 构成被动
关系，且描述客观事实用 一般现在时，主语为复数，故填 are
revealed。
6. 61. tries
考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语 a decent winner 为 第三人称
单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填 tries。
7. 63. strategic
考查词性转换。名词 placement 前需用 形容词 修饰，故填
strategic（strategy 的形容词形式，表“策略性的”）。
8. 64. and
考查连词。“it was A, B, and C that…”为强调句的并列结构，
连接 balance、beauty、energy flow 三个并列成分，故填 and。
9. 65. digitally
考查词性转换。过去分词 generated 前需用 副词 修饰，故
填 digitally（digital 的副词形式，表“数字地”）。
补充：“by”的用法解释
文中 by no more than one or two points 中，by 表示 “以（某
种幅度/数量）”，用于说明比赛中领先的具体分数差，常描述“差
距、差值”（如分数、时间、距离等）。例句：She won the race by
5 seconds.（她以 5 秒的优势赢得比赛。）
Part 6 作文一
Part 7 读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by
hosting a small gathering in the early summer. She had prepared lots of
snacks. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just
one thing I hadn't counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50
pound ball of fire. Though friendly, he could easily knock over my niece's
small boys and my six month old granddaughter. So, when my brother
showed up, I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside.
Unexpectedly, after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and
everyone went indoors.
It was an awkward moment. I didn't want Toby to be running around in
the house, and my brother wasn't happy with driving home with a wet dog.
Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue.
A few days passed, and I hadn't heard anything from my brother. I texted
him and expressed wishes for him to come out again. His reply came as a
surprise a shock, actually: "Not a chance." Clearly, he was unhappy over the
way we had parted. After all, I had left him little choice. Well, he'll get over it,
I reasoned.
Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother,
but I resisted, thinking he should call first. However, my conscience(良心) kept
bothering me. I tried to put myself in my brother's shoes. He was facing
health problems, and his wife of 35 years had passed away a few months
earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him going.
注意:
续写词数应为 150 左右;
请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I realized it was me who was at fault.
With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother's door.
详细思路和解析
确定主题：文章核心是兄弟间因聚会中对狗的处理产生矛盾，后续应围绕和解展开，
体现亲情的珍贵与包容。
第一段续写：以 “I realized it was me who was at fault.” 开头，要深入描写 “我”
反思过错的心理活动。比如回忆哥哥的遭遇，明白自己当时做法的不妥，从而决定主动修
复关系，可写 “我” 思考如何向哥哥道歉。
第 二 段 续 写 ： “ With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother's
door.” 接着写 “我” 带着诚意去道歉，着重描述见到哥哥后两人的对话、情感交流，最
终实现和解。
参考示例
I realized it was me who was at fault. I thought about all that my brother had
been through. Losing his wife and facing health problems, Toby was his source of
comfort. I shouldn't have been so inconsiderate about his feelings. I decided to
make things right. I called my wife and told her my plan. She was happy that I had
finally seen the error of my ways. We discussed what I could do to show my
brother how sorry I was.
With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother's door. My heart
was pounding as I rang the doorbell. When he opened the door, I could see the
surprise on his face. "Hi," I said, feeling a bit nervous. "I came to apologize. I was
wrong not to consider how much Toby means to you." He looked at me for a
moment, and then his expression softened. "Come in," he said. As we sat down
and shared the biscuits, we talked about everything. I apologized again, and he
forgave me. With Toby by our side, our relationship was mended, and I knew our
bond as brothers was stronger than any misunderstanding.
可能用到的语料
1.表达愧疚与反思
I felt a pang of guilt wash over me.（我感到一阵愧疚袭来。）
I couldn't stop reproaching myself for my thoughtless actions.（我不停地责备自己
的轻率行为。）
2.描述情感和解
The tension in the air melted away as we hugged each other.（当我们拥抱时，空气
中的紧张感消失了。）
Our eyes met and I could see the hurt replaced by warmth and understanding.（我
们目光交汇，我看到伤害渐渐消退，取而代之的是温暖与理解。）
3.关于陪伴的重要性
In times of hardship, a loyal companion can be a ray of sunshine in the darkest
days.（在艰难时刻，一个忠诚的伙伴可以是黑暗日子里的一缕阳光。）
He found solace in the unwavering loyalty of his pet.（他在宠物坚定不移的忠诚中找
到了慰藉。）
参考题目：
---参考答案（仅供参考）---
听力：
1-5：CABAC 6-10：BCAAB
11-15：CCABA 16-20：BACDC
阅读理解：
A 篇：21-23 CCB B 篇：24-27 DDBA
C 篇：28-31 CABA D篇：34-35 CABB
七选五：
36-40 EDCFG
完形填空：
41-55 CDCAB, BDCDA, ABBAC
语法填空：
56.which 57.the 58.to present 59.guidance 60.within 61.are revealed 62.tries 63. strategic 64.and
65.digitally绝密 ★ 启用前
2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国一卷）
英 语
姓名 准考证号
全卷共8页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
考生注意:
1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。
2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。
选择题部分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation – which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
21. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A. 11.6%. B. 45.1%. C. 74.5%. D. 86.1%.
22. Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily
A. Planes. B. Trucks. C. Trains. D. Ships.
23. What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition
A. Limiting fuel consumption. B. Putting more effort into renewables.
C. Improving energy efficiency. D. Making electricity more affordable.
B
In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well.
But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important ” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change.
As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance – the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
24. Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1
A. Ninth graders. B. Students’ parents.
C. Modern writers. D. Fictional characters.
25. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay
A. They were not given enough time.
B. They had a very limited vocabulary.
C. They misunderstood the question.
D. They had little interest in the topic.
26. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Mixed. B. Amazing. C. Similar. D. Disturbing.
27. What does the author’s experience show
A. Teaching is learning. B. Still waters run deep.
C. Knowledge is power. D. Practice makes perfect.
C
While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Br mmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives.
Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door.
28. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1
A. Cars often get stuck on the road. B. Traffic accidents occur frequently.
C. People walk less and drive more. D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.
29. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do
A. Keep their cities livable. B. Promote cultural diversity.
C. Help the needy families. D. Make expressways accessible.
30. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s
A. They boosted the sales of cars. B. They turned out largely ineffective.
C. They won government support. D. They advocated building new parks.
31. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Why the Rush B. What’s Next C. Where to Stay D. Who to Blame
D
Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth – they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans.
Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes – then filtering it after it cools – could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types – polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene – and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.
Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure – a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.
Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are – but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”
32. How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph
A. By quoting an expert. B. By defining a concept.
C. By giving examples. D. By providing statistics.
33. What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water
A. The hardness of water. B. The length of cooling time.
C. The frequency of filtering. D. The type of plastic in water.
34. What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4
A. The importance of plastic recycling. B. The severity of the microplastic problem.
C. The danger in overusing pure water. D. The difficulty in treating polluted water.
35. What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about
A. Choice of new research methods. B. Possible direction for further study.
C. Need to involve more researchers. D. Potential application of the findings.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
An Unsung Hero
Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. 36
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 37 As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 38 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said.
“I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. 40 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B. She has two children aged eight and four.
C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn’t seen daylight since my wedding.
My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 41 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 42 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 43 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 44 with things that, while not particularly 45 , didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 46 , another asking for a price cut. As our 47 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 48 : “I hate this vase. Maybe you won’t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.
49 ，I posted more. My daily posts and the 50 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52 .
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53 that share our small space. I take 54 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55 something that couldn’t come with us.
41. A. painting over B. looking around C. emptying out D. pulling down
42. A. hotel B. office C. cottage D. apartment
43. A. store B. display C. sell D. repair
44. A. covered B. decorated C. stuffed D. equipped
45. A. conventional B. valuable C. complicated D. tolerable
46. A. fees B. photos C. receipts D. models
47. A. move B. pay C. market D. work
48. A. warning B. request C. description D. reply
49. A. Confused B. Interested C. Disappointed D. Encouraged
50. A. visits B. reports C. advice D. money
51. A. remove B. spare C. find D. check
52. A. investigated B. recognized C. encountered D. recommended
53. A. giveaways B. posts C. contributions D. belongings
54. A. joy B. part C. care D. time
55. A. anticipating B. appreciating C. delivering D. withdrawing
非选择题部分
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of 57 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 58 (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘ 59 (guide)’ till they lose, ” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.
“The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent 62 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 64 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你班的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教Jenny提出“Fun at my school”和“Guess who I am”两个选项供大家选择。请给 Jenny 写一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）你的选择；
（2）说明理由。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jenny,
I really like the idea of adding a new column to our English newspaper.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard in order.
There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. Though friendly, he could easily knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside.
My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room. Unexpectedly, after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone went indoors.
It was an awkward moment. I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn’t happy with driving home with a wet dog. Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue.
A few days passed, and I hadn’t heard anything from my brother. I texted him and expressed wishes for him to come out again. His reply came as a surprise – a shock, actually: “Not a chance.” Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little choice. Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned.
Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, but I resisted, thinking he should call first. However, my conscience (良心) kept bothering me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him going.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
I realized it was me who was at fault.
With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother’s door.
2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 （全国一卷）
参考答案
第一部分 听力
略
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
21. C 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. D
26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B
31. A 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. B
第二节
36. E 37. D 38. C 39. F 40. G
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
41. C 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B
46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. A
51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B
第二节
56. which 57. the 58. to present 59. guidance 60. are revealed
61. tries 62. by 63. strategic / strategical 64. and 65. digitally
第四部分 写作
第一节：应用文
Dear Jenny.
Thank you for proposing two fantastic themes! l believe "GuessWholAm" is the ideal choice.
This column could feature anonymous stories from classmates suchas unique hobbies or memorable trips allowing readers to guess theauthor's identity through clues. Not only would this spark curiosityand class interaction, but it also promotes mutual understandingacross different cultures. For instance, a story about celebrating theDragon Boat Festival might help intemational peers appreciateChinese traditions.
Such engaging content aligns perfectly with our newspaper'sgoal to combine education with entertainment.Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节：续写
I realized it was me who was at fault.
The thought weighed heavily on my mind. How could I have let my pride get in the way of our relationship My conscience nagged at me, making it hard to focus on anything else. My wife noticed the worry on my face. “People make mistakes. Why not visit him now—take some of those biscuits I just baked It’s never too late to say sorry.” Her voice was warm and reassuring. Holding the warm biscuits, I felt a bit of hope stirring inside, mixed with nervous anticipation. Determined to make things right, I quickly set off.
With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother's door.
Taking a deep breath, I knocked. The moment he opened the door, I saw doubt on his face, but he let me in. “I’m sorry for what happened that night,” I said quietly, setting the biscuits on the table. My brother was silent, then sighed. “I guess I could have handled it better, too. I know you didn’t mean any harm.” Relief washed over me. The next hour saw us talking and sharing memories and laughter. As I left, he gave me a hug and smiled, the same way he always had. I knew, at that moment, our bond was as strong as ever.
