（5）Unit 8 Literature——高二英语北师大版（2019）暑假作业（含解析）
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| 名称 | （5）Unit 8 Literature——高二英语北师大版（2019）暑假作业（含解析） |  | |
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（5）Unit 8 Literature——高二英语北师大版（2019）暑假作业
一、填空题
1.It is the first time that the girl ______ (see) such an animal.
2.As I flicked a glance ______ the performer, I was so astonished to see a thin face.
3.Those who ______ (continuous) acquire new knowledge that they can apply to their work are more likely to succeed.
4.Jack ______ (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred, which forced him to stop working.
5.At present, the network plays an important role in our life, ______ makes many people ignore face-to-face communication.
6.She preferred ______ (spend) her spare time in doing some reading to going out to play with other children when she was young.
7.Tom never admits ______ (make) a mistake even when it is pointed out to him.
8.Success always ______ (belong) to those who are prepared.
9.Mary and Rose have been friends since they ______ (meet) in 2000.
10.During the teenage years, many young people can at times be difficult to talk to. They often seem ______ (dislike) being questioned.
二、阅读理解
Jules Verne, the "Father of Science Fiction", lived in the era of steamships and telegraphs, but was able to imagine technologies that wouldn't be invented for over a century. Reading Verne's novels made me wonder how he was able to predict so much and write so technically when he wasn't a trained scientist, physicist or engineer. How did he do it
Like a lot of people, Verne's parents had their own ideas about his future. They had their hearts set on Verne becoming a lawyer. He knew he wanted to be a writer, but played along and went to school to become a lawyer like his father.
Verne was mostly pretending to study law in Paris while holing up in the National Library of France and digging into articles on discoveries in geology and science. Eventually, he came clean with his family that he wanted to write in a new genre (体裁) that combined travel with science.
While he studied scientific journals and let all of the age's cutting-edge discoveries feed the fires of his imagination, Verne surrounded himself with people who could be useful for his writing.
His brother was a naval officer, and Verne would often ask him to double-check what he had written about ships and maritime travel. He also asked his cousin, a maths professor, to look at his equations (等式) and a mining engineer friend to help him with physics, according to author Walter James Miller, who wrote annotations (评注) to Verne's Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.
"He predicted a lot of things that have happened, but that's because he was reading a lot and talking with people who knew what was going on in the world around him, so why should we be surprised " according to Rosalind Williams, a historian at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "It wasn't magic. He was just paying attention to things," she said.
11.What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To lead in the topic. B. To explain a phenomenon
C. To present an argument. D. To introduce a concept.
12.What did Verne's parents expect him to be
A. A scientist. B. A writer. C. An engineer. D. A lawyer.
13.What does the underlined phrase "came clean with" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Agreed excitedly with. B. Admitted honestly to.
C. Talked hopefully with D. Complained impatiently to.
14.What made Verne succeed in science fiction according to Rosalind Williams
A. His genius. B. His law study
C. His devotion to writing. D. His parents' support.
三、七选五
British English and American English are almost the same. ①_____
The first difference between British and American English is in vocabulary. Almost all of the words used in British English and American English are exactly the same. ②_____ For example, Americans would say "apartment", but the British would say "flat" to talk about the place where they live. In addition to some common words, many idiomatic (惯用的) expressions are different. In England people might say "I'll ring you up tonight", but in the US, people might say "I'll call you up tonight".
The second difference between British and American English is in pronunciation. The main difference in pronunciation lies in the vowels. ③_____ But most of the time, the British and Americans do understand each other's pronunciation because most of the sounds of the two dialects are the same.
The third difference is very small. ④_____ A few types of words are spelled differently in British and American English. The most common example is in a word like "center". In British English, this word would be spelled C-E-N-T-R-E, while in American English the same word would be spelled C-E-N-T-E-R.
⑤_____ The British may say "Have you got … " while Americans prefer "Do you have … " An American might say "my friend just arrived", but a British would say "my friend has just arrived".
A. This is the difference in spelling.
B. There are a few differences in grammar, too.
C. But there are some differences between them.
D. Only a very small number of words are used differently.
E. Both languages have a slightly different structure of telling the time.
F. The English language was introduced to America in the early 17 century.
G. Sometimes, Americans and the British don't understand each other's pronunciation.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：has seen
解析：句意为：这是这个女孩第一次看见这样的动物。 it is the first time that sb have/has done sth 意为"这是某人第一次做某事"，主句用一般现在时，从句谓语用现在完成时，故应填 has seen。
2.答案：at
解析：句意为：当我瞥了那位表演者一眼时，我非常震惊地看到了一张消瘦的脸庞。flick a glance at sb 意为"向某人瞥了一眼"。
3.答案：continuously
解析：句意为：那些不断获得新知识并能将其应用到工作中的人更有可能成功。填空处修饰后面的谓语动词，应用副词，故填 continuously，意为"不间断地"。
4.答案：was working
解析：句意为：杰克正在实验室工作，突然停电了，这使得他不得不停下工作。此处为 be doing sth when... 句型，意为"正在做某事，这时突然……"，根据 occurred 可知，主句应用过去进行时。故填 was working。
5.答案：which
解析：句意为：目前，网络在我们的生活中起着重要作用，这使得很多人忽视面对面的交流。 makes many people ignore face-to-face communication 修饰前面整个句子，为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用 which 引导该从句。故填 which。
6.答案：spending
解析：句意为：当她小的时候，她更喜欢把空闲时间花在读书上，而不是出去和其他孩子一起玩。prefer doing sth to doing sth 意为 "与做某事相比，更喜欢做某事"，为固定搭配。故填 spending。
7.答案：making
解析：句意为：即使有人向汤姆指出错误，他也从不承认。 admit doing sth 为固定搭配，意为 "承认做某事"，doing 为动名词，作动词 admit 的宾语。故填 making 。
8.答案：belongs
解析：句意为：成功总是属于有准备的人。belong to 意为"属于"，无被动语态，无进行式。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填 belongs。
9.答案：met
解析：句意为：玛丽和罗斯自从 2000 年认识后，就一直是朋友。 in 2000 是一个过去的时间，故 since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。
10.答案：to dislike
解析：句意为：在青少年时期，许多年轻人有时很难与之交谈。他们似乎常常不喜欢被询问。seem to do sth 为固定搭配，意为"似乎做某事"。故填 to dislike。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的 Reading Verne's novels made me wonder how he was able to predict so much and write so technically when he wasn't a trained scientist, physicist or engineer. How did he do it 以及下文围绕该问题的介绍可知，第一段通过问题"凡尔纳是如何能在小说中预测未来的？"引出了文章的主题。
12.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Like a lot of people, Verne's parents had their own ideas about his future. They had their hearts set on Verne becoming a lawyer. 可知，凡尔纳的父母期望他成为一名律师。
13.答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文 Verne was mostly pretending to study law in Paris... 以及画线短语后面的 he wanted to write in a new genre that combined travel with science 可推断，最终，他向家人坦白，他想用一种结合游记和科学的新体裁写作，故画线短语与 B 项意思相近。
14.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中罗莎琳德所说的话可推断，罗莎琳德·威廉斯认为凡尔纳的成功源自他对写作全身心的投入。
三、七选五
答案：CDGAB
解析：本文是说明文。文章从词汇，发音，拼写方面讲述了英国和美国英语的微小差距。
①上文"British English and American English are almost the same. (英式英语和美式英语几乎一样)"说明英国和美国的英语几乎一样，下文"The first difference between British and American English is in vocabulary. (美式英语和美式英语的第一个区别在于词汇量)"以及"The second difference…"，"The third difference…"等可知，下文讲述它们之间的不同，因此推断空处承上启下，讲述它们也是有一些不同的，分析选项，C项"但是它们之间有些不同"符合语境，与上文是转折关系，引出下文。故选C。
②上文"Almost all of the words used in British English and American English are exactly the same. (几乎在英式英语和美式英语中使用的所有单词都是完全相同的)"可知，英式英语和美式英语中的单词几乎完全相同，因此可知，仅有少数单词不同，D项"只有非常少量的单词使用不同。"符合语境，下文举例说明这些不同的单词。故选D。
③上文"The second difference between British and American English is in pronunciation. (英式英语和美式英语的第二个区别在于发音)"可知，本段讲述发音的不同，下文"But most of the time, the British and Americans do understand each other's pronunciation because most of the sounds of the two dialects are the same. (但大多数时候，英国人和美国人确实理解对方的发音，因为这两种方言的大部分发音都是相同的。)"说明但是大多数情况下，两国人是可以理解对方的发音的，因此大部分发音是相同的，but表示转折，说明空格处与下文是转折关系，说明他们不理解彼此的发音，G项"有时，美国人和英国人彼此不理解对方的发音。"符合语境，sometimes与most of the time相对。故选G。
④根据下文"A few types of words are spelled differently in British and American English.(有一些类型的单词在英式英语和美式英语中的拼写有所不同。)"可知，本段讲述英式英语和美式英语在拼写方面的不同，因此推断A项"这就是拼写上的不同。"符合语境。故选A。
⑤根据下文"The British may say 'Have you got … ' while Americans prefer 'Do you have … ' An American might say 'my friend just arrived', but a British would say 'my friend has just arrived'.( 英国人可能会说"Have you got … "而美国人可能会说"Do you have … "，一个美国人可能会说"my friend just arrived"而一个英国人会说"my friend has just arrived"。)"可知，本句讲述英式英语和美式英语在语法方面的不同。B项"语法方面也有一些不同"符合语境。故选B。
一、填空题
1.It is the first time that the girl ______ (see) such an animal.
2.As I flicked a glance ______ the performer, I was so astonished to see a thin face.
3.Those who ______ (continuous) acquire new knowledge that they can apply to their work are more likely to succeed.
4.Jack ______ (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred, which forced him to stop working.
5.At present, the network plays an important role in our life, ______ makes many people ignore face-to-face communication.
6.She preferred ______ (spend) her spare time in doing some reading to going out to play with other children when she was young.
7.Tom never admits ______ (make) a mistake even when it is pointed out to him.
8.Success always ______ (belong) to those who are prepared.
9.Mary and Rose have been friends since they ______ (meet) in 2000.
10.During the teenage years, many young people can at times be difficult to talk to. They often seem ______ (dislike) being questioned.
二、阅读理解
Jules Verne, the "Father of Science Fiction", lived in the era of steamships and telegraphs, but was able to imagine technologies that wouldn't be invented for over a century. Reading Verne's novels made me wonder how he was able to predict so much and write so technically when he wasn't a trained scientist, physicist or engineer. How did he do it
Like a lot of people, Verne's parents had their own ideas about his future. They had their hearts set on Verne becoming a lawyer. He knew he wanted to be a writer, but played along and went to school to become a lawyer like his father.
Verne was mostly pretending to study law in Paris while holing up in the National Library of France and digging into articles on discoveries in geology and science. Eventually, he came clean with his family that he wanted to write in a new genre (体裁) that combined travel with science.
While he studied scientific journals and let all of the age's cutting-edge discoveries feed the fires of his imagination, Verne surrounded himself with people who could be useful for his writing.
His brother was a naval officer, and Verne would often ask him to double-check what he had written about ships and maritime travel. He also asked his cousin, a maths professor, to look at his equations (等式) and a mining engineer friend to help him with physics, according to author Walter James Miller, who wrote annotations (评注) to Verne's Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.
"He predicted a lot of things that have happened, but that's because he was reading a lot and talking with people who knew what was going on in the world around him, so why should we be surprised " according to Rosalind Williams, a historian at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "It wasn't magic. He was just paying attention to things," she said.
11.What is the purpose of the first paragraph
A. To lead in the topic. B. To explain a phenomenon
C. To present an argument. D. To introduce a concept.
12.What did Verne's parents expect him to be
A. A scientist. B. A writer. C. An engineer. D. A lawyer.
13.What does the underlined phrase "came clean with" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Agreed excitedly with. B. Admitted honestly to.
C. Talked hopefully with D. Complained impatiently to.
14.What made Verne succeed in science fiction according to Rosalind Williams
A. His genius. B. His law study
C. His devotion to writing. D. His parents' support.
三、七选五
British English and American English are almost the same. ①_____
The first difference between British and American English is in vocabulary. Almost all of the words used in British English and American English are exactly the same. ②_____ For example, Americans would say "apartment", but the British would say "flat" to talk about the place where they live. In addition to some common words, many idiomatic (惯用的) expressions are different. In England people might say "I'll ring you up tonight", but in the US, people might say "I'll call you up tonight".
The second difference between British and American English is in pronunciation. The main difference in pronunciation lies in the vowels. ③_____ But most of the time, the British and Americans do understand each other's pronunciation because most of the sounds of the two dialects are the same.
The third difference is very small. ④_____ A few types of words are spelled differently in British and American English. The most common example is in a word like "center". In British English, this word would be spelled C-E-N-T-R-E, while in American English the same word would be spelled C-E-N-T-E-R.
⑤_____ The British may say "Have you got … " while Americans prefer "Do you have … " An American might say "my friend just arrived", but a British would say "my friend has just arrived".
A. This is the difference in spelling.
B. There are a few differences in grammar, too.
C. But there are some differences between them.
D. Only a very small number of words are used differently.
E. Both languages have a slightly different structure of telling the time.
F. The English language was introduced to America in the early 17 century.
G. Sometimes, Americans and the British don't understand each other's pronunciation.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：has seen
解析：句意为：这是这个女孩第一次看见这样的动物。 it is the first time that sb have/has done sth 意为"这是某人第一次做某事"，主句用一般现在时，从句谓语用现在完成时，故应填 has seen。
2.答案：at
解析：句意为：当我瞥了那位表演者一眼时，我非常震惊地看到了一张消瘦的脸庞。flick a glance at sb 意为"向某人瞥了一眼"。
3.答案：continuously
解析：句意为：那些不断获得新知识并能将其应用到工作中的人更有可能成功。填空处修饰后面的谓语动词，应用副词，故填 continuously，意为"不间断地"。
4.答案：was working
解析：句意为：杰克正在实验室工作，突然停电了，这使得他不得不停下工作。此处为 be doing sth when... 句型，意为"正在做某事，这时突然……"，根据 occurred 可知，主句应用过去进行时。故填 was working。
5.答案：which
解析：句意为：目前，网络在我们的生活中起着重要作用，这使得很多人忽视面对面的交流。 makes many people ignore face-to-face communication 修饰前面整个句子，为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用 which 引导该从句。故填 which。
6.答案：spending
解析：句意为：当她小的时候，她更喜欢把空闲时间花在读书上，而不是出去和其他孩子一起玩。prefer doing sth to doing sth 意为 "与做某事相比，更喜欢做某事"，为固定搭配。故填 spending。
7.答案：making
解析：句意为：即使有人向汤姆指出错误，他也从不承认。 admit doing sth 为固定搭配，意为 "承认做某事"，doing 为动名词，作动词 admit 的宾语。故填 making 。
8.答案：belongs
解析：句意为：成功总是属于有准备的人。belong to 意为"属于"，无被动语态，无进行式。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填 belongs。
9.答案：met
解析：句意为：玛丽和罗斯自从 2000 年认识后，就一直是朋友。 in 2000 是一个过去的时间，故 since 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。
10.答案：to dislike
解析：句意为：在青少年时期，许多年轻人有时很难与之交谈。他们似乎常常不喜欢被询问。seem to do sth 为固定搭配，意为"似乎做某事"。故填 to dislike。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的 Reading Verne's novels made me wonder how he was able to predict so much and write so technically when he wasn't a trained scientist, physicist or engineer. How did he do it 以及下文围绕该问题的介绍可知，第一段通过问题"凡尔纳是如何能在小说中预测未来的？"引出了文章的主题。
12.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的 Like a lot of people, Verne's parents had their own ideas about his future. They had their hearts set on Verne becoming a lawyer. 可知，凡尔纳的父母期望他成为一名律师。
13.答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语上文 Verne was mostly pretending to study law in Paris... 以及画线短语后面的 he wanted to write in a new genre that combined travel with science 可推断，最终，他向家人坦白，他想用一种结合游记和科学的新体裁写作，故画线短语与 B 项意思相近。
14.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中罗莎琳德所说的话可推断，罗莎琳德·威廉斯认为凡尔纳的成功源自他对写作全身心的投入。
三、七选五
答案：CDGAB
解析：本文是说明文。文章从词汇，发音，拼写方面讲述了英国和美国英语的微小差距。
①上文"British English and American English are almost the same. (英式英语和美式英语几乎一样)"说明英国和美国的英语几乎一样，下文"The first difference between British and American English is in vocabulary. (美式英语和美式英语的第一个区别在于词汇量)"以及"The second difference…"，"The third difference…"等可知，下文讲述它们之间的不同，因此推断空处承上启下，讲述它们也是有一些不同的，分析选项，C项"但是它们之间有些不同"符合语境，与上文是转折关系，引出下文。故选C。
②上文"Almost all of the words used in British English and American English are exactly the same. (几乎在英式英语和美式英语中使用的所有单词都是完全相同的)"可知，英式英语和美式英语中的单词几乎完全相同，因此可知，仅有少数单词不同，D项"只有非常少量的单词使用不同。"符合语境，下文举例说明这些不同的单词。故选D。
③上文"The second difference between British and American English is in pronunciation. (英式英语和美式英语的第二个区别在于发音)"可知，本段讲述发音的不同，下文"But most of the time, the British and Americans do understand each other's pronunciation because most of the sounds of the two dialects are the same. (但大多数时候，英国人和美国人确实理解对方的发音，因为这两种方言的大部分发音都是相同的。)"说明但是大多数情况下，两国人是可以理解对方的发音的，因此大部分发音是相同的，but表示转折，说明空格处与下文是转折关系，说明他们不理解彼此的发音，G项"有时，美国人和英国人彼此不理解对方的发音。"符合语境，sometimes与most of the time相对。故选G。
④根据下文"A few types of words are spelled differently in British and American English.(有一些类型的单词在英式英语和美式英语中的拼写有所不同。)"可知，本段讲述英式英语和美式英语在拼写方面的不同，因此推断A项"这就是拼写上的不同。"符合语境。故选A。
⑤根据下文"The British may say 'Have you got … ' while Americans prefer 'Do you have … ' An American might say 'my friend just arrived', but a British would say 'my friend has just arrived'.( 英国人可能会说"Have you got … "而美国人可能会说"Do you have … "，一个美国人可能会说"my friend just arrived"而一个英国人会说"my friend has just arrived"。)"可知，本句讲述英式英语和美式英语在语法方面的不同。B项"语法方面也有一些不同"符合语境。故选B。
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