高考科学复习解决方案 英语
一 背记单词
◎历史与文化
1．Confucius 孔子
2．descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孙
3．chief adj. 最重要的 n. 酋长
4．currency n. 通货；货币
5．military adj. 军事的；军用的
6．conquer vt. 占领
7．battle n. 战役
8．ancestor n. 祖宗；祖先
9．custom n. 风俗
◎地理位置与场所
10．mansion n. 公馆；宅第
11．cemetery n. 墓地；公墓
12．kingdom n. 王国；领域
13．nearby adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近
14．port n. 港口(城市)
15．gallery n. (艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊
16．position n. 位置
17．courtyard n. 庭院；院子
18．county n. (英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县
19．ocean n. 大海
20．pub n. 酒吧；酒馆
◎物品与自然
21．landscape n. (陆上，尤指乡村的)风景
22．butter n. 黄油；奶油
23．honey n. 蜂蜜
24．snack n. 点心；小吃
25．feast n. 盛宴
26．cattle n. 牛
27．wine n. 葡萄酒；果酒
28．beer n. (一杯)啤酒
29．stew n. 炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)
◎其他
30．individual adj. 单独的 n. 个人
31．heel n. 足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟
32．charge n．& vt. 收费
33．amount n. 金额；数量
34．approach n. 方法 vi. 靠近
35．ensure vt. 保证
36．roll vi.& vt. (使)翻滚
37．dot n. 点
38．roar vi.& n. 吼叫；咆哮
39．scent n. 气味；气息
40．greet vt. 问候；迎接
41．transition n. 过渡；转变；变迁
42．crowd n. 人群 vt. 挤满
二 词形变化
1．philosophy n. 哲学→philosophical adj. 哲学的→philosopher n. 哲学家
2．puzzle n. 谜 vt. 迷惑；使困惑→puzzling adj. 令人困惑的→puzzled adj. 感到困惑的→puzzlement n. 迷惑
3．belong vi. 应在(某处)→belongings n. 所有物；财物
4．defend v．防御→defensive adj. 防御的→defence n. 防御
5．legal adj. 法律的→illegal adj. 不合法的→legally adv. 法律上地
6．surround vt. 围绕→surrounding adj. 周围的→surroundings n. 环境
7．evident adj. 明显的→evidence n. 证据
8．locate vt. 确定……的准确地点→located adj. 坐落于→location n. 地方
9．fascinate v. 使……入迷→fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的→fascinated adj. 着迷的→fascination n. 着迷
10．announce vt. 宣布→announcement n. 宣布→announcer n. 广播员
11．generous adj. 慷慨的→generously adv. 慷慨地→generosity n. 慷慨
12．eager adj. 热切的→eagerly adv. 热心地→eagerness n. 热切
13．poet n. 诗人→poem n. 诗；韵文→poetry n. 诗歌(总称)
14．sense n．& v. 感觉→sensory adj. 感觉的→sensor n. 传感器
15．strike vt. 打击→striking adj. 引人注目的
16．achieve vt. 达到；实现→achievement n. 成就
1．We must take some defensive measures to defend our country against invasion.(defend)
2．The announcer softly announced the result, but the announcement shocked me.(announce)
3．It is evident that the man will be sentenced to prison with the newly found evidence．(evident)
4．Although he lives here, all the belongings in the house don't belong to him.(belong)
5．She wore a puzzled expression on her face because she was puzzled about a puzzling problem. (puzzle)
6．We always dream of having a house surrounded by trees, flowers and grass. If we can live in such beautiful surroundings,__we must be happy every day. As is known to all, the surrounding things can always have a positive effect on us. (surround)
7．I hold the firm belief that you are bound to achieve your dream of being admitted to a key university, which will give you a wonderful sense of achievement．(achieve)
8．His mother is a generous woman. Her generosity has won great popularity in the neighborhood.(generous)
三 熟词生义
1.conquer [熟义] v. 占领；征服；控制
[生义] v. 克服(困难等)；破除(坏习惯等)
2．charge [熟义] v．& n. 主管；负责
[生义] v．& n. 指控，控告；充电；收费；进攻
3．approach [熟义] v. 接近；靠近
[生义] v．& n. 接洽；解决，着手处理；方法；途径
4．position [熟义] n. 位置
[生义] v. 定位 n. 姿态；职位；名次；地位
5．custom [熟义] n. 风俗；习俗；传统
[生义] n. (个人的)习惯
6．crowd [熟义] n. 人群；一群人；民众
[生义] v. 挤满；使……拥挤；蜂拥而至
1．The staff soon found the new manager easy to approach.
员工很快发现这位新经理平易近人。
2．When lions are hiding for an attack by a water hole, they wait patiently and can charge at any second.
当狮子隐藏在水坑边上准备攻击时，它们耐心等待，随时都会发起攻击。
3．It was her custom to rise early.
她有早起的习惯。
4．Thousands of people have crowded into the small town.
成千上万的人涌入了这个小镇。
5．The social position of each character influences the way they behave to each other.
每个人的社会地位影响他们对待彼此的方式。
6．The only way to conquer fear is to face it.
克服恐惧的唯一方法就是正视它。
小积累 word families
1.后缀 ness高频名词 ①eagerness 渴望，热心 ②darkness 黑暗 ③sickness 疾病 ④rudeness 无礼 ⑤sadness 悲伤 ⑥kindness 善良 2.en 前缀和 en后缀改变词性 ①sure→v. ensure 确保；担保 ②rich→v. enrich 使富裕 ③able→v. enable 使能够 ④large→v. enlarge 加大 ⑤short→v. shorten 缩短；使变短 ⑥courage→v. encourage 鼓励 3.“除……以外” ①apart from 除……外(还有/没有) ②aside from 除……外(还有/没有) ③besides 除……外(还有) ④as__well__as 除……之外(也) ⑤in__addition__to 除……之外(还有)
一 词表短语
1．Achilles'__heel (喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点
2．join__...__to__... 把……和……连接或联结起来
3．break__away__(from__sb/sth) 脱离；背叛；逃脱
4．belong__to 属于
5．as__well__as 同(一样也)；和；还
6．keep__your__eyes__open__(for) 留心；留意
选用上面的短语填空
1．She is proficient in playing both the piano and the violin, as__well__as composing her own music.
2．When studying abroad, it's important to keep__your__eyes__open__for cultural differences that can enrich your experience.
3．The young artist chose to break__away__from traditional techniques, developing a unique style that gained international recognition.
4．In the business world, poor communication can be a company's Achilles'__heel,__leading to misunderstandings and lost opportunities.
二 写作词块
1．a__sense__of__belonging 归属感
2．be__referred__to__as 被称为
3．a__visual__feast/a__feast__for__the__eyes 视觉盛宴
4．take/adopt__a__different__approach__to__doing__sth 采取不同的途径做某事
5．an__ancient__port__city 一座古老的港口城市
6．date__all__the__way__back__to 追溯到(某个时间点)
7．greet__sb__with__warmth 热情地欢迎某人
8．a__fascinating__mix__of__history__and__modern__culture 历史与现代文化的迷人融合
9．folk__customs 民间风俗
10．be__generous__in__giving__help 乐于助人
11．festival__celebrations 节日庆典
12．historical__inheritance 历史传承
1．(教材P40)那么，如果这些名称有区别的话，区别何在？(if条件状语从句的省略形式)
So__what__is__the__difference__between__them,__if__any
2．(教材P44)“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。(with复合结构)
The__peaceful__landscape__of__the__“Emerald__Isle”__and__its__many__green__counties__is__a__true__feast__for__the__eyes,__with__its__rolling__green__hills__dotted__with__sheep__and__cattle.
3．(教材P44)这般美景，自然造就了爱尔兰独特的民间传统，如音乐、舞蹈及菜肴等。(It is＋adj.＋that ...)
With__all__this__beauty,__it__is__not__surprising__that__Ireland__has__developed__strong__traditions__that__include__music,__dancing,__and__dining.
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．surround vt. 围绕；包围→surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的→surroundings n. 环境
2．defend v. 防御；保卫→defensive adj. 防御的；保护的→defence n. 防御；保卫
3．fascinate v. 使……入迷，迷住→fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinated adj. 着迷的→fascination n. 着迷；迷恋
4．announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称→announcement n. 宣布；通知→announcer n. 广播员；解说员
5．locate vt. 确定……的准确地点；找出……的位置→located adj. 坐落于；位于→location n. 地方；地点；位置
6．eager adj. 热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv. 热心地；急切地→eagerness n. 热切；渴望
7．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→generously adv. 慷慨地；大方地→generosity n. 慷慨；大方
8．sense n．& v. 感觉；感知→sensory adj. 感觉的；感官的→sensor n. 传感器
拔高词汇— 高分必备
1.intangible/In't nd bl/adj. 无形的 2．indulge/In'd ld /v. 沉湎，沉溺 3．amid/ 'mId/prep. 在……过程中 4．cautious/'k s/adj. 小心的，谨慎的 5.outspoken/a t'sp k n/adj. 坦率的，直言不讳的 6．doom/du m/n. 厄运，劫数 7．bump/b mp/v. 碰上，撞上 8．halt/h lt/n. 停止，中止
二、重点语块
As you walk through the historic town, keep__your__eyes__open__for (留心) old shops and buildings that have preserved their traditional charm. Because history and tradition are the threads that join__our__past__to__our__present (把我们的过去和现在连接在一起), belonging__to (属于) the fabric of our identity. As we break__away__from (脱离) old customs, we must remain alert in recognizing their value, or we may forget the roots that nourished us. Just as we greet__newcomers__with__warmth (热情地欢迎新来者), we should also embrace our traditions, preserving them as we move forward. For in doing so, we honor not only our ancestors but also enrich our own lives, as tradition as__well__as (也，还) innovation can coexist, each enhancing the other.
三、重点句式
1．如果被问及传统，大多数人都会提到那些代代相传的习俗。(if条件状语从句的省略形式)
If__asked__about__traditions,__most people would mention customs that have been passed down through generations.
2．以历史为指引，探索塑造我们社会的传统是非常有益的。(with复合结构)
With__history__as__our__guide,__it is enriching to explore the traditions that have shaped our society.
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P44】美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感，满足各种感官享受。
Its__beautiful__countryside__excites__and__inspires__all,__offering__something__for__each__of__the__senses.
2．【教材P44】山里宁静的早晨，感受阳光洒落在你身上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳，而鸟儿则用清晨的歌声迎接新的一天的到来。
On__a__quiet__morning__in__the__mountains,__feel__the__sun__on__your__skin,__and__breathe__in__the__sweet__scent__of__fresh__flowers__while__birds__greet__the__new__day__with__their__morning__song.
3．【教材P45】随着太阳从山上升起，房子变红了。
The__houses__turn__red__as__the__sun__rises__above__the__mountains.
4．【教材P45】夜幕降临，星星点点，告诉我们一切安好，我的村庄也随之安静下来。
At__night,__the__stars__come__out__to__tell__us__that__all__is__well__and__my__village__grows__quiet.
硬核考点
考点1 surround vt. 围绕；包围 surround ... with ... 以……包围…… be surrounded by/with ... 被……环绕/包围 the surrounding area 周围地区 adapt to the new surroundings 适应新环境
1.(2023·浙江高考1月)In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, surrounded (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
2．She felt incredibly relaxed and content as she was surrounded by/with the soothing sounds of nature.
3．No sooner had we arrived where the child was trapped than the man started to scan__the__surroundings (扫视环境).
4．此外，您还被邀请参观周边的旅游景点。
Additionally, you're invited to pay a visit to surrounding__tourist__attractions.
考点2 charge n. 收费；指控；主管；猛攻；冲锋 vt. 收费；控告；充电 vt.& vi. 猛冲；冲锋 free of charge＝for free 免费 put sb in charge of 委任某人负责 in charge (of) 负责，主管 in the charge (of) (由……)负责，(由……)主管 take charge of 负责，主管；照顾 lead the charge 带头冲锋 a charge of 指控；费用 charge sb for sth 因某事/物向某人收费 charge sb with sth/doing sth＝accuse sb of sth/doing sth 指控某人(做)某事 charge at/towards 向……发起冲锋，扑向…… charge forward勇往直前
1．The shop owner charged me nothing for the noodles.
2．那头大象感觉受到威胁，便向那群游客发起冲锋，吓得他们四散而逃。
The elephant, feeling threatened, charged__at__the__group__of__tourists,__causing them to scatter in fear.
3．我咬紧牙关，奋力向前。(写作佳句)
I__gritted__my__teeth__and__charged__forward.
4．我是李华，是我们学校广播站新推出的节目的负责人。(写作佳句)
I'm__Li__Hua,__a__student__in__charge__of/taking__charge__of__the__new__program__launched__in__the__broadcasting__station__of__our__school.
考点3 amount n. 金额；数量 v. 总计，相当于；意味着 the amount of ……的数量(后接不可数名词) a small/large/huge/substantial amount of＋n. [U]＋v.(单数) small/large/huge/substantial amounts of＋n. [U]＋v.(复数) to the amount of 总数达；总计 in the amount of 总金额计…… amount to 达到；合计；相当于；等于；意味着
1．To be successful in college you'll need to learn how to integrate large amounts (amount) of information obtained through reading, doing research, and writing papers.
2．Keeping what belongs to another amounts to stealing.
3．We were overjoyed to receive__a__large/huge/substantial__amount__of__money(＝receive__large/huge/substantial__amounts__of__money) (收到一大笔钱), enough to bring us through that desperate time.
4．滴水之恩当涌泉相报。(写作佳句)
A__little__bit__of__kindness__will__be__rewarded__with__a__huge__amount__of__benefit.
考点4 approach n. 方法；途径；接近；通路；道路 vt. 接近；接洽；着手处理 vi. 靠近 approach sb/sth 靠近/接近某人/某物 (an) approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法/途径；……的通道/入口
1.But the next moment, what greeted her was her dear Papa's worried shout for her name and the approaching (approach) footsteps, which immediately stirred up Rani's emotions.(写作佳句)
2．(2023· 浙江高考1月)InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.
翻译：InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。
3．随着亚运会日益临近，全民健身计划正在如火如荼地进行。(写作佳句)
At__the__approach__of__the__Asian__Games,__the National Fitness Program is proceeding with full vigor.
＝With__the__Asian__Games__approaching,__the National Fitness Program is proceeding with full vigor.
【北师版必修第一册写作佳句】
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
人们相信，当“福”字倒着贴，幸福就会到来。
考点5 eager adj. 热切的；渴望的 be eager to do sth 渴望做某事 be eager for sth 渴望得到某物 with eagerness＝eagerly 热切地；急切地 hide one's eagerness 掩饰某人的渴望 eagerness to 渴望……
1.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to__try (try) something new.
2．Seized by the increasing eagerness (eager) to contact his grandmother, he wolfed down/pigged out his supper once it was ready. (写作佳句)
3．Picturing my families eagerly (eager) waiting for my performance, I worked day and night as busy as a bee for fear that I would make a fool of myself live on TV.(写作佳句)
4．听说你很想了解更多中国的习俗，我很高兴能写信告诉你一些相关的信息。(写作佳句)
Hearing__that__you__are__eager__to__know__more__about__Chinese__customs,__I'm__rather__pleased__and__writing__to__inform__you__of__some__relevant__information.
考点6 break away (from sb/sth) 脱离；背叛；逃脱；突然离开 break其他相关短语： break up 打碎；分裂，解体；(关系等)破裂 break down 崩溃，垮掉；分解；出故障 break into 破门而入，强行进入 break in 打断；插话 break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发 break through 突破；突围 break off 脱落；中断
1．My dog suddenly broke__away__from me, charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.
2．He was charging his mobile phone when the fire broke__out．
3．In my opinion, a marriage based on money is likely to break__up．
4．听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。(写作佳句)
He__broke__down__at__the__news,__tears__pouring__down__his__cheeks.
考点7 if条件状语从句的省略形式 if条件状语从句的省略形式常用搭配： if any 如果有的话 if not 如果不是这样的话 if so 如果是这样的话 if ever 如果曾有的话 if necessary 如果有必要的话 if possible 如果可能的话
1.There are only a few apples left in the fridge, if__any (如果有的话).
2．如果你方便的话，我们早上8点30分在校门外见面。如果不方便，请让我知道什么时间最适合你。
If it's convenient for you, let's meet at 8：30 am outside the school gate. If__not,__let__me__know__what__time__suits__you__best．
3．如有必要，我校将为学生提供语言培训课程。
If__it__is__necessary,__our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
＝If__necessary,__our school will provide the students with the language training courses.(状语从句的省略)
考点8 with复合结构 with复合结构在句中作状语和定语，其结构为： with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词 with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行) with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成) with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作)
1.I'm planning a trip, with many places to__visit (visit) along the way.
2．(2024·浙江高考1月)Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with__her__heart__pounding__and__legs__shaking (她的心怦怦直跳，双腿颤抖)．
3．With__tears__in__his__eyes (眼含泪水), he said in disbelief, “You want to help me？”
4．完成作业后，他终于放松下来看电视了。
With__the__homework__finished,__he__finally__relaxed__and__watched__TV.
【译林版必修第二册写作佳句】
I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me.
不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。
强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．With all the preparations made (make), he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement.
2．The person I respect most is my head teacher, who always offers us different approaches to handling (handle) our difficulties.
3．Surrounded (surround) by green mountains and beautiful lakes, the village takes on a nice look, with neat plants and furnished houses.
4．It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn't sure how much it would amount to．
5．To be honest, I sometimes feel puzzled (puzzle) about my future career.
6．Paper cutting has a history of over 1，500 years, which belongs to traditional art in China.
7．Now that they have made great achievements, they are looking forward to the celebration eagerly (eager)．
8．My dream is to become an announcer (announce) in the next semester, which would entitle me to share the students' writing and my favorite articles.
9．Without your generosity and inspiration, I would not have made such striking (strike) progress.
10．As the eldest child, she had to take charge of her younger siblings when her parents were away.
二、熟词生义
1．(2023·全国甲卷)So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out.收费
2．It was his custom to approach every problem cautiously. 习惯
3．In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. 安置；把……放在适当位置
4．Shoppers quickly crowded the new shopping mall on its opening day.挤满
5．Her unique teaching approach has been very effective among her students. 方法
三、构词法
词缀 含义 例词
car 变体char 一是表示车 二是表示装载 charge,__charity, charm, cart, carry, cargo, carriage, carrier, career, carpenter
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．The old man pushed a wooden cart filled with freshly picked apples to the market. 手推车
2．The ship's cargo consisted mainly of imported machinery and electronic goods. 货物
3．She arrived at the castle in a horse drawn carriage, feeling like a princess for a day. 马车
4．After fully charging the battery, make sure to discharge it safely to avoid any accidents. 充电
5．The airline carrier announced a new route connecting two major cities, improving travel options. 运输公司
6．He dedicated his entire career to researching renewable energy sources, making significant contributions to the field. 事业
四、补全句子
1．教师节日益临近，我们班决定举行聚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。(with复合结构)
With__Teachers'__Day__approaching,__our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.
2．她布置的作业数量太多了，我几乎没时间全部完成。(amount)
The__amount__of__homework__she__assigned__was__overwhelming,__and I barely had time to finish it all.
3．当她走进图书馆时，她被旧书的舒适气味和翻动书页的轻声细语所包围。(surround)
As she entered the library, she__was__surrounded__by__the__comforting__scent__of__old__books and the quiet murmur of turning pages.
4．她渴望环游世界，体验不同的文化。(eager)
She__is__eager__to__travel__around__the__world and experience different cultures.
5．暴风雨期间，那块玻璃从窗框上脱落了。(break away from)
The piece of glass broke__away__from__the__window__frame during the storm.
6．她被指派负责组织公司的年度野餐活动。(charge)
She__was__put__in__charge__of__organizing the annual company picnic.
五、长难句分析
(2024·北京高考)When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and gives us the opportunity to make right choices.
句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们为自己创造出了反思恩情和情感的空间，这有助于我们认清生活中重要的领域，并给我们机会去做出正确的选择。
分析：句子主干是we__create__space，是“主谓宾”结构，to reflect on our thoughts and emotions作状语。When引导时间状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明主句内容；to make right choices作后置定语，修饰名词opportunity。
读写用—素养提升
一、深化阅读——明晰考向 以阅读养阅读
(2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers—it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X ray scans and prescriptions.
“People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning，” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two week trip in November through the vast regions (区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.
Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.
The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits.
Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Saint Lukas列车为俄罗斯一些偏远地区提供医疗服务。
28．How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains
A．It runs across countries.
B．It reserves seats for the seniors.
C．It functions as a hospital.
D．It travels along a river.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Saint Lukas is one of five government sponsored medical trains”和“doctors and nurses ... X ray scans and prescriptions”可知，Saint Lukas列车是政府资助的医疗列车，列车上有医生和护士为乡村人口提供基本的医疗等，C项(它的作用相当于一个医院。)符合题意。故选C。
29．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk
A．It is heavily populated.
B．It offers training for doctors.
C．It is a modern city.
D．It needs medical aid.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。第三段首句提到俄罗斯的公共医疗服务急需现代化。再结合第三段中的“address the problem ... arranging doctor's appointments ... motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk”可推知，Krasnoyarsk是俄罗斯一个贫穷的、医疗条件差的偏远乡村，D项(它需要医疗援助。)符合题意。故选D。
30．How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply
A．About a year.
B．About ten months.
C．About two months.
D．About two weeks.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For 10 months every year ... to refuel and restock (补给)．”可知，该列车每年有十个月都会进行这样的工作：在大约八个站点停留两周多，然后返回补充燃料和补给。因此，该列车一次补给可以工作两周左右。故选D。
31．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services
A．Appreciative. B．Doubtful.
C．Ambiguous. D．Cautious.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I was very impressed”和“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”可知，Ducke对此印象深刻，并认为这是许多农村人得到想要的治疗的最佳机会，由此可推知，Ducke对Saint Lukas列车服务的态度是赞赏的。故选A。
推断观点态度题——“褒贬措辞法”
1．三明确
①明确某人对某事的态度；
②明确表达情感的词的意义(如valuable, hopeful, doubt, against等)；
③明确主旨大意，根据段首或段尾推测出作者的观点，而不是主观臆断。
2．三类词
①客观中立：objective (客观的), neutral (中立的)等；
②支持：positive (积极的), supportive (支持的)等；
③反对：disapproving (不赞同的), negative反对(否定的，消极的)等。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材 情绪描写——沮丧、悲伤与绝望(一)
(因感动/难过)而忍不住流泪 sb be brought to tears/be reduced to tears; sth brought/reduced sb to tears
泪如泉涌 tears welled up/surged up in one's eyes
泪眼蒙眬 tears misted/clouded/blurred one's eyes/vision
泪流满面 tears rolled/streamed/flowed/poured/slid/coursed/trickled down one's cheeks
情绪低落 in low spirits; in a bad mood
流露出绝望和悲伤 reveal the despair and sorrow within sb
沉入无尽的悲伤海洋 sink into an endless ocean of sorrow
无法掩饰悲伤 can't hide/contain/conceal one's loss/frustration/depression/sadness/gloom/despair/desperation/grief/sorrow
满是悲伤 be seized/overcome/overwhelmed/brimmed/weighed down with an ocean of loss/frustration/depression/sadness/gloom/despair/desperation/grief/sorrow
满面愁云 a frown stand on one's face; one's face clouded over
心灰意冷 suffer from a deep chill of the heart
某人的心沉了下去 one's heart sink (with disappointment)
心痛 one's heart ache bitterly
悲伤写在脸上 a look/feeling/sense/flicker of loss/frustration/depression/sadness/gloom/despair/ desperation/grief/sorrow creep on one's face/be written on one's face/were etched on one's face
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·四川省成都市东辰外国语学校高三第一次月考)Nobody can deny the charm of Christmas. Get into the festive spirit with our top recommendations for Christmas markets across Europe.
Edinburgh Christmas Market
For celebrating Christmas, Edinburgh is a perfect choice for a festive getaway. The Christmas market stretches over the city, packed with Christmas crafts, delicious treats, and fantastic events. It's also usually the longest running market in Europe. There are also light shows at the castle, a special program at the zoo, and a variety of performances to choose from.
Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market
There's a range of markets to spoil every visitor in Cologne, such as the Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market, located next to the city's most iconic building. It's a great opportunity to wander around the stalls (摊位) while you're admiring the amazing Gothic architecture of the cathedral itself, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Salzburg Christmas Market
A true winter wonderland with often snow covering, Salzburg is the picture perfect Christmas market destination. Check out the choral singing in front of the cathedral and try some of the traditional gingerbread, roasted chestnuts, and other sweet treats.
Budapest Christmas Market
This Christmas market offers over 100 stalls serving Hungarian treats ranging from warming goulash to delicious Beijgll, a rolled cake with poppy seeds or walnuts. There's plenty to keep you entertained, with ice skating and Christmas concerts. Climb to the top of Fisherman's Bastion if you want to see the city in all its festive glory.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了欧洲各地的几个圣诞市场。
1．Which market has the longest operation history in Europe
A．Edinburgh Christmas Market.
B．Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market.
C．Salzburg Christmas Market.
D．Budapest Christmas Market.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Edinburgh Christmas Market部分中的“It's also usually the longest running market in Europe.”可知，爱丁堡圣诞集市是欧洲经营历史最悠久的圣诞集市。故选A。
2．What makes Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market special
A．Wonderful light shows.
B．Christmas choral singing.
C．Entertaining Christmas concerts.
D．Stunning Gothic architecture nearby.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market部分中的“It's a great opportunity ... a UNESCO World Heritage Site.”可知，科隆大教堂圣诞市场的特别之处是附近有令人惊叹的哥特式建筑。故选D。
3．What do Christmas markets in Salzburg and Budapest have in common
A．A good view of the city.
B．Various entertainments.
C．Delicious foods for tasting.
D．A snow covered wonderland.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据Salzburg Christmas Market部分中的“Check out ... and other sweet treats.(看看大教堂前的合唱，尝尝传统的姜饼、烤栗子和其他甜食。)”和Budapest Christmas Market部分中的“This Christmas market offers ... or walnuts.(这个圣诞市场有100多个摊位，供应匈牙利美食，从温热的炖牛肉到美味的Beijgll，一种用罂粟籽或核桃做成的卷饼。)”可推知，这两个市场的共同之处是可以品尝到美味的食物。故选C。
B
(2025·上海市吴淞中学高三期中)About a quarter of the world drives on the left, and the countries that do are mostly old British colonies like Australia, India and Ireland. But Thailand, Indonesia and Japan have also developed this habit.
This strange quirk (奇事) puzzles the rest of the world; however, there is a perfectly good reason. Up to the late 1700s, everybody travelled on the left side of the road because it's the sensible option for violent, feudal (封建的) societies of mostly right handed people. Soldiers with their swords under their right arms naturally passed on each other's right, and if you passed a stranger on the road you walked on the left to ensure that your protective sword arm was between you and him.
Revolutionary France, however, overturned this practice as part of its sweeping social rethink and thanks to Napoleon this change was carried out all over continental Europe. Because he was left handed, his armies had to march on the right so he could keep his sword arm between him and any opponent. From then on, any country colonised by the French took to driving on the right.
After the American Revolutionary War (1775－1783), the US became independent and decided to make traffic drive on the right in order to cut all remaining links to its British colonial past. Once America became the centre of the car industry, if you wanted a good reliable vehicle, you bought American right hand drive. From then on many countries changed out of necessity.
Today, the EU would like Britain to fall into line with the rest of Europe, but this is no longer possible. It would cost billions of pounds to change everything round. The last European country to convert to driving on the right was Sweden in 1967. This ironically caused a reduction in car accidents, because everyone drove carefully, while getting used to the new system.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些国家靠左侧行驶的原因及部分国家后来改变这一传统的原因和过程。
4．Why did people travel on the left before the late 18th century
A．They were required to do so.
B．They were mostly left handed.
C．It was easier to cross the street.
D．They could feel safer from attacks.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Up to the late 1700s ... between you and him.”可推知，在18世纪晚期之前，人们靠左侧行走是因为这样他们会觉得可以免受攻击、更安全。故选D。
5．What was Napoleon's attitude about walking on the left
A．Support. B．Disapproval.
C．Doubt. D．Sympathy.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Revolutionary France ... between him and any opponent.”可推知，拿破仑对靠左侧行走是反对的。故选B。
6．For Americans, driving on the right was a way to show ________．
A．the connection with France was broken
B．the US was no longer ruled by the UK
C．the American Revolution War had ended
D．America was the centre of the car industry
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“After the American Revolutionary War (1775－1783) ... British colonial past.(美国独立战争(1775～1783)后，美国获得独立，并决定让车辆靠右行驶，以切断与英国殖民统治时期残留的所有联系。)”可推知，对美国人来说，靠右行驶是为了表示美国不再受英国统治。故选B。
7．What is the main reason why UK will not adopt the European system
A．It would cost too much to change.
B．Its increasing traffic accidents.
C．Its influence on colonies.
D．Its fast developing car industry.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Today, the EU would like ... change everything round.”可知，英国不采用欧洲体系的主要原因是改变需要花费很多钱。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·江苏省靖江高级中学高三月考)Every Christmas, my mom would fill our stockings with small toys and candies. At the very tip of the stocking, the very __1__ thing that we would pull out was an orange. For years, I hated the tradition. It was __2__ to pull an orange out of my __3__ after uncovering so many fun and delicious treats. An orange wasn't special. I could eat one any time of the year, and it was just __4__ room that could have been filled with more candy.
When I was thirteen, I __5__ asked my mother why she put oranges in our stockings. She __6__ my grandfather had grown up very poor. His father had a brain tumor that left him blind and __7__ to work, so his mother relied on __8__ from the church to take care of her seven children. Every Christmas, a local church donated a basket of fruit to their family. This was my grandfather's favorite day of the year because it was the only day when he could eat fresh fruit. The oranges were his favorite because they __9__ like sunshine. When he grew up, he always __10__ to have a bowl of oranges around at Christmastime so he could __11__ his favorite Christmas memory with his children.
When my mom finished telling the story, I felt __12__. In my rush to collect as much candy as possible, I had __13__ to be grateful. Now the orange at the bottom of my stocking is a __14__ to be grateful for the beautiful Christmases that my parents gave me and for the hard work they did that ensured I could have a(n) __15__ any day of the year.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候过圣诞节时母亲总是会在袜子里装一个橙子，后来经过母亲的讲述了解了背后的故事，让作者从最初的不满到如今感恩的故事。
1．A.best B．last
C．first D．fast
答案：B
解析：根据上文“fill our stockings with small toys and candies. At the very tip of the stocking”可知，其他好玩和美味的礼物已经拿出了，最后在袜子底部的是橙子。故选B。
2．A.disappointing B．amazing
C．appealing D．frightening
答案：A
解析：disappointing令人失望的；amazing惊人的；appealing 吸引人的；frightening可怕的。根据上文“For years, I hated the tradition.”可知，作者对从袜子里拿出一个橙子感到失望。故选A。
3．A.room B．bag
C．stocking D．pocket
答案：C
解析：根据上文“At the very tip of the stocking”可知，是从袜子里拿出橙子。故选C。
4．A.blowing up B．building up
C．taking up D．holding up
答案：C
解析：blow up炸毁；build up建造；take up占领；hold up举起。根据本句“I could eat one any time of the year, and it was just __4__ room that could have been filled with more candy.”可知，此处指橙子占据了本可以由更多糖果填满的位置。故选C。
5．A.initially B．joyfully
C．casually D．eventually
答案：D
解析：initially最初；joyfully快乐地；casually随意地；eventually最终。根据上文“For years, I hated the tradition.”及本句中的“When I was thirteen, I __5__ asked my mother”可知，作者不喜欢这个传统，但是终于在13岁时问母亲为什么在袜子里放橙子。故选D。
6．A.commented B．described
C．explained D．imagined
答案：C
解析：comment评论；describe描述；explain解释；imagine想象。根据上文“I __5__ asked my mother why she put oranges in our stockings”可知，母亲在此解释了为什么要放橙子在袜子里。故选C。
7．A.unwilling B．unable
C．qualified D．ambitious
答案：B
解析：unwilling不愿意的；unable不能胜任的；qualified合格的；ambitious雄心勃勃的。根据上文“had a brain tumor that left him blind”可知，祖父的父亲是无法工作的。故选B。
8．A.contributions B．inventions
C．pensions D．donations
答案：D
解析：contribution捐款；invention发现；pension养老金；donation捐赠。根据下文“from the church to take care of her seven children”可知，母亲依靠教会为贫困家庭提供的捐赠来抚养七个孩子。故选D。
9．A.tasted B．looked
C．touched D．felt
答案：A
解析：根据上文“it was the only day when he could eat fresh fruit”可知，只有在圣诞节这天作者的祖父才能吃到新鲜的水果，橙子对祖父来说就像是阳光一样。故选A。
10．A.settled down B．spoke up
C．made sure D．turned up
答案：C
解析：settle down安定下来；speak up大声说出来；make sure确保；turn up出现。根据下文“to have a bowl of oranges around at Christmastime”可知，此处指祖父长大后在圣诞节期间，一定要确保随身带着一碗橙子。故选C。
11．A.share B．exchange
C．appreciate D．discuss
答案：A
解析：share分享；exchange交流；appreciate欣赏；discuss讨论。根据下文“his favorite Christmas memory with his children”可知，祖父随身带着一碗橙子是为了和孩子们分享他最喜欢的圣诞节记忆。故选A。
12．A.anxious B．ashamed
C．delighted D．excited
答案：B
解析：anxious焦虑的；ashamed羞愧的；delighted高兴的；excited兴奋的。根据上文“For years, I hated the tradition.”及下文“Now the orange at the bottom of my stocking is a __14__ to be grateful for the beautiful Christmases”可知，作者听了母亲的解释后态度发生了转变，为自己以前的行为感到惭愧。故选B。
13．A.forgotten B．expected
C．continued D．agreed
答案：A
解析：forget遗忘；expect期待；continue继续；agree同意。根据上文“When my mom finished telling the story, I felt __12__．”可知，此处承接上文表明作者惭愧的原因：作者在忙于获取尽可能多的糖果的过程中，忘记了感恩。故选A。
14．A.ceremony B．tradition
C．reminder D．memory
答案：C
解析：ceremony仪式；tradition传统；reminder提醒人的事物；memory记忆。根据上文“Now the orange at the bottom of my stocking is a”可知，此处指袜子底部橙子的象征意义，即提醒作者要感恩。故选C。
15．A.party B．festival
C．gift D．orange
答案：D
解析：party派对；festival节日；gift礼物；orange橙子。此处指作者通过橙子提醒自己要感恩父母的辛苦工作，确保自己在任何一天都可以吃到橙子。故选D。
聚焦写作 一箭三雕
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2025·湖南省长沙市第一中学高三月考)Wuzhen, an ancient water town in Zhejiang Province, hosted the “Wuzhen Mid Autumn Festival” from September 15th to 17th, with a variety of events and activities on offer.
The custom of “Moon Walking” originates from the old tradition of Jiangnan. __1__ tradition, people would gather under the moon with lanterns in hand at three stone bridges to pray for the well being and __2__ (together) of their family members.
The Wuzhen Mid Autumn Festival has combined this traditional custom with the special atmosphere __3__ spreads over this ancient town, so that every visitor can experience the sense of ceremony and relaxation in Moon Walking.
One of the __4__ (highlight) in “Walking under the moon” is “The Ceremony of the Celebration of the Moon”， which __5__ (hand) down for a thousand years, paying sincere and sacred honor to the ancient moon god and praying for peace and a good harvest.
With incense (香) and offerings carefully __6__ (place) on the table, the ceremony conducted by people in traditional costumes will slowly __7__ (fold) against melodious ancient music. Visitors will seem to travel back through __8__ time tunnel for a special experience.
During the festival, visitors can also participate in the “Lotus Lantern (莲灯) Prayer” activity at the Wuzhen Xijie Water Theater, __9__ (select) their desired lotus lanterns, hand writing their own prayers, and __10__ (gentle) placing the lotus lanterns with the prayers into the river. Here, the river can become a floating emotional link between the past and the future.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乌镇水乡是如何庆祝传统中秋佳节的。
1．答案：By
解析：考查介词。句意：按照传统，人们会手拿灯笼聚集在三个石桥下，在月光下祈祷他们的家庭成员幸福和团聚。固定搭配by tradition意为“按照传统”，位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填By。
2．答案：togetherness
解析：考查词性转换。根据前文the well being and可知，设空处应用名词togetherness与well being并列。故填togetherness。
3．答案：that/which
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为atmosphere，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
4．答案：highlights
解析：考查名词。句意：“月下行”的一大亮点是流传千年的“月祭仪式”，它是对古代月亮神真诚而神圣的敬意，祈求和平与丰收。“one of＋名词复数”意为“……之一”。故填highlights。
5．答案：has been handed
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语for a thousand years可知，应用现在完成时，主语which指代先行词The Ceremony of the Celebration of the Moon，与动词hand之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词应用has。故填has been handed。
6．答案：placed
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，动词place与宾语incense (香) and offerings之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填placed。
7．答案：unfold
解析：考查反义词。句意：香和祭品精心摆放在桌子上，穿着传统服装的人们将在悠扬的古代音乐中慢慢展开仪式。此处应用unfold，表示“展开”，位于will之后，应用动词原形。故填unfold。
8．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。此处时光隧道表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且time的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
9．答案：selecting
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用非谓语动词，动词select与其逻辑主语visitors之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填selecting。
10．答案：gently
解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰动词placing，应用副词gently“轻轻地”，作状语。故填gently。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
(2025·湖南省长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学高三月考)假定你是李华，上周接待了英国友好学校的学生Robert。他回国后写邮件感谢你的接待，表示在中国期间很开心，同时他对中国的建筑文化很感兴趣，希望再次来中国，并请你推荐几个值得参观的地方。请根据以上信息，给他回复一封邮件。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Robert，
Yours，
Li Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear Robert，
So delighted to learn that you are satisfied with your stay in China. Here are my recommendations for you to get a better understanding of Chinese architecture.
Beijing is a city with a long history and thus home to lots of well preserved traditional architecture, including the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and the Great Wall. If you favour modern architecture, I strongly recommend you to visit Shanghai, where you will be overwhelmed not only by a picture of countless skyscrapers but also a sharp contrast to traditional Chinese architecture.
I'm happy to offer any help and wish you a wonderful journey in China.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·四川省绵竹中学高三质量检测)I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. I fumbled (抚弄) with the string and then, unable to contain my curiosity any longer, I opened it. It was a shiny, brand new laptop. I had scored straight As for my O level examination and this was my reward. I had always envied my friends who were exchanging news about “chat rooms”， “instant messaging” and “e mailing”， all of which I knew nothing about. Now I was going to find out.
It started out simply enough. I was searching for some information online when I chanced upon a social networking site. Soon I became glued to my new found electronic friend. I began to spend more and more time on YouTube and became trapped by Facebook and Twitter. I had never imagined that the day would come when I would be addicted to the glowing screen before me. Whenever I was not glued to these social networking sites, I would be going through gossip or fashion websites.
As time passed, I realized that I was hooked on the Internet. During weekends, when I had more time on my hands, I could easily spend a few hours on my laptop. It came to a point where I chose to lock myself in my room, refusing to come out and take part in family discussions. I preferred to stay connected to the people I befriended in cyberspace although I had never met them. Soon I was spending the small hours of the morning glued to the Internet. Sleep was no longer complete and continuous but divided into small pieces. My grades at school also began worsening.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
It was about this time that my parents started voicing their disapproval. Then one day, my father took away my laptop.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为考试成绩获得全优，父母给他买了一台全新笔记本电脑作为奖励。渐渐地，作者开始沉迷于网络，不再与父母交流，学习成绩也在下滑，父母对此事表达不满后，作者表现如何？父亲将作者的电脑拿走后，作者是否有所改变？
[精彩范文]
It was about this time that my parents started voicing their disapproval. It became obvious to them that I was spending too much time on the Internet. I was asked to tone down my usage of the Internet. Yet, however hard I tried, I was unable to pull myself away, unable to terminate my chat sessions and unable to concentrate on my lessons. I was desperate for just another click, just another look at my e mail or message board.
Then one day, my father took away my laptop. I sputtered and fumed but to no avail. Dad had made up his mind. Over time I realized that Dad and Mum had always wanted the best for me. That was when I decided to take the big step—to conquer my Internet addiction. Quitting was harder than I expected. But with dogged determination I knew that I would be able to do it. I promised my parents that I would turn over a new leaf.
30(共110张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
第一编 教材复习
必修第二册
UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
单元话题 语法 写作
历史与传统 过去分词作定语和宾语补足语 描述喜欢的地方
教材深挖
高效课时作业
目录
CONTENTS
2
3
高效晨背
1
高效晨背
一 背记单词
◎历史与文化
1．Confucius ________________
2．descendant n. _____________________
3．________ adj. 最重要的 n. 酋长
4．currency n. ________________
5．military adj. ________________
6．__________ vt. 占领
7．________ n. 战役
8．ancestor n. ________________
9．________ n. 风俗
孔子
后裔；后代；子孙
chief
通货；货币
军事的；军用的
conquer
battle
祖宗；祖先
custom
◎地理位置与场所
10．mansion n. ________________
11．cemetery n. ________________
12．kingdom n. ________________
13．________ adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近
14．port n. ________________
公馆；宅第
墓地；公墓
王国；领域
nearby
港口(城市)
15．gallery n. ________________________________
16．__________ n. 位置
17．courtyard n. ________________
18．county n. ____________________________________
19．________ n. 大海
20．pub n. ________________
(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊
position
庭院；院子
(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县
ocean
酒吧；酒馆
◎物品与自然
21．landscape n. _________________________
22．butter n. ________________
23．honey n. ________________
24．snack n. ________________
25．________ n. 盛宴
26．cattle n. ________________
27．wine n. ________________
28．beer n. ________________
29．stew n. ____________________
(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景
黄油；奶油
蜂蜜
点心；小吃
feast
牛
葡萄酒；果酒
(一杯)啤酒
炖菜(有肉和蔬菜)
◎其他
30．___________ adj. 单独的 n. 个人
31．heel n. ______________________________
32．________ n．& vt. 收费
33．amount n. ________________
34．__________ n. 方法 vi. 靠近
35．________ vt. 保证
individual
足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟
charge
金额；数量
approach
ensure
36．________ vi.& vt. (使)翻滚
37．________ n. 点
38．roar vi.& n. ________________
39．scent n. ________________
40．greet vt. ________________
41．transition n. _____________________
42．__________ n. 人群 vt. 挤满
roll
dot
吼叫；咆哮
气味；气息
问候；迎接
过渡；转变；变迁
crowd
二 词形变化
1.philosophy n. 哲学→______________ adj. 哲学的→___________ n. 哲学家
2．puzzle n. 谜 vt. 迷惑；使困惑→____________ adj. 令人困惑的→________ adj. 感到困惑的→____________ n. 迷惑
3．belong vi. 应在(某处)→____________ n. 所有物；财物
4．defend v．防御→___________ adj. 防御的→________ n. 防御
5．legal adj. 法律的→________ adj. 不合法的→________ adv. 法律上地
6．surround vt. 围绕→_____________ adj. 周围的→______________ n. 环境
7．evident adj. 明显的→___________ n. 证据
philosophical
philosopher
puzzling
puzzled
puzzlement
belongings
defensive
defence
illegal
legally
surrounding
surroundings
evidence
8．locate vt. 确定……的准确地点→________ adj. 坐落于→_________ n. 地方
9．fascinate v. 使……入迷→____________ adj. 极有吸引力的→___________ adj. 着迷的→____________ n. 着迷
10．announce vt. 宣布→______________ n. 宣布→____________ n. 广播员
11．generous adj. 慷慨的→____________ adv. 慷慨地→___________ n. 慷慨
12．eager adj. 热切的→________ adv. 热心地→___________ n. 热切
13．poet n. 诗人→________ n. 诗；韵文→________ n. 诗歌(总称)
14．sense n．& v. 感觉→________ adj. 感觉的→________ n. 传感器
15．strike vt. 打击→__________ adj. 引人注目的
16．achieve vt. 达到；实现→______________ n. 成就
located
location
fascinating
fascinated
fascination
announcement
announcer
generously
generosity
eagerly
eagerness
poem
poetry
sensory
sensor
striking
achievement
1．We must take some _____________ measures to ________ our country against invasion.(defend)
2．The _____________ softly ___________ the result, but the _______________ shocked me.(announce)
3．It is ________ that the man will be sentenced to prison with the newly found ___________．(evident)
4．Although he lives here, all the ___________ in the house don't ________ to him.(belong)
defensive
defend
announcer
announced
announcement
evident
evidence
belongings
belong
5．She wore a __________ expression on her face because she was ___________ about a __________ problem. (puzzle)
6．We always dream of having a house ___________ by trees, flowers and grass. If we can live in such beautiful _____________， we must be happy every day. As is known to all, the ___________ things can always have a positive effect on us. (surround)
7．I hold the firm belief that you are bound to ___________ your dream of being admitted to a key university, which will give you a wonderful sense of ____________．(achieve)
8．His mother is a ___________ woman. Her ___________ has won great popularity in the neighborhood.(generous)
puzzled
puzzled
puzzling
surrounded
surroundings
surrounding
achieve
achievement
generous
generosity
1.conquer [熟义] v. 占领；征服；控制
[生义] v. _____________________________
2．charge [熟义] v．& n. 主管；负责
[生义] v．& n. _____________________________
3．approach [熟义] v. 接近；靠近
[生义] v．& n. _______________________________________
三 熟词生义
克服(困难等)；破除(坏习惯等)
指控，控告；充电；收费；进攻
接洽；解决，着手处理；方法；途径
4．position [熟义] n. 位置
[生义] v. __________
n. ___________________________
5．custom [熟义] n. 风俗；习俗；传统
[生义] n. ______________
6．crowd [熟义] n. 人群；一群人；民众
[生义] v. ____________________________
定位
姿态；职位；名次；地位
(个人的)习惯
挤满；使……拥挤；蜂拥而至
1．The staff soon found the new manager easy to approach.
员工很快发现这位新经理___________。
2．When lions are hiding for an attack by a water hole, they wait patiently and can charge at any second.
当狮子隐藏在水坑边上准备攻击时，它们耐心等待，随时都会发起________。
平易近人
攻击
3．It was her custom to rise early.
她有早起的________。
4．Thousands of people have crowded into the small town.
成千上万的人________了这个小镇。
5．The social position of each character influences the way they behave to each other.
每个人的社会________影响他们对待彼此的方式。
6．The only way to conquer fear is to face it.
________恐惧的唯一方法就是正视它。
习惯
涌入
地位
克服
1.后缀 ness高频名词 ①__________ 渴望，热心 ②___________ 黑暗 ③sickness 疾病 ④__________ 无礼 ⑤sadness 悲伤 ⑥kindness 善良 2.en 前缀和 en后缀改变词性 ①sure→v. ________ 确保；担保 ②rich→v. ________ 使富裕 ③able→v. enable 使能够 ④large→v. enlarge 加大 ⑤short→v. ________ 缩短；使变短 ⑥courage→v. encourage 鼓励 3.“除……以外”
①apart from 除……外(还有/没有)
②aside from 除……外(还有/没有)
③besides 除……外(还有)
④____________ 除……之外(也)
⑤____________ 除……之外(还有)
小积累 --word families
eagerness
darkness
rudeness
ensure
enrich
shorten
as well as
in addition to
一 词表短语
1.________________ (喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点
2．________________ 把……和……连接或联结起来
3．_______________________ 脱离；背叛；逃脱
4．________________ 属于
5．____________ 同(一样也)；和；还
6．_______________________ 留心；留意
Achilles' heel
join ... to ...
break away (from sb/sth)
belong to
as well as
keep your eyes open (for)
选用上面的短语填空
1．She is proficient in playing both the piano and the violin, ______________ composing her own music.
2．When studying abroad, it's important to _______________________ cultural differences that can enrich your experience.
3．The young artist chose to _______________ traditional techniques, developing a unique style that gained international recognition.
4．In the business world, poor communication can be a company's ______________， leading to misunderstandings and lost opportunities.
as well as
keep your eyes open for
break away from
Achilles' heel
二 写作词块
1._____________________ 归属感
2．________________ 被称为
3．_____________________________ 视觉盛宴
4．________________________________________ 采取不同的途径做某事
5．___________________ 一座古老的港口城市
6．________________________ 追溯到(某个时间点)
a sense of belonging
be referred to as
a visual feast/a feast for the eyes
take/adopt a different approach to doing sth
an ancient port city
date all the way back to
7．_____________________ 热情地欢迎某人
8．___________________________________________ 历史与现代文化的迷人融合
9．________________ 民间风俗
10．_________________________ 乐于助人
11．_____________________ 节日庆典
12．_______________________ 历史传承
greet sb with warmth
a fascinating mix of history and modern culture
folk customs
be generous in giving help
festival celebrations
historical inheritance
1．(教材P40)那么，如果这些名称有区别的话，区别何在？(if条件状语从句的省略形式)
__________________________________________________________________
2．(教材P44)“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。(with复合结构)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．(教材P44)这般美景，自然造就了爱尔兰独特的民间传统，如音乐、舞蹈及菜肴等。(It is＋adj.＋that ...)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
So what is the difference between them, if any
The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining.
教材深挖
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．surround vt. 围绕；包围→________________ adj. 周围的；附近的→________________ n. 环境
2．defend v. 防御；保卫→___________ adj. 防御的；保护的→________ n. 防御；保卫
3．fascinate v. 使……入迷，迷住→_____________ adj. 极有吸引力的；迷人的→____________ adj. 着迷的→____________ n. 着迷；迷恋
surrounding
surroundings
defensive
defence
fascinating
fascinated
fascination
4．announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称→_____________ n. 宣布；通知→________ n. 广播员；解说员
5．locate vt. 确定……的准确地点；找出……的位置→________ adj. 坐落于；位于→________ n. 地方；地点；位置
6．eager adj. 热切的；渴望的→________ adv. 热心地；急切地→___________ n. 热切；渴望
7．generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→_____________ adv. 慷慨地；大方地→____________ n. 慷慨；大方
8．sense n．& v. 感觉；感知→________ adj. 感觉的；感官的→________ n. 传感器
announcement
announcer
located
location
eagerly
eagerness
generously
generosity
sensory
sensor
1.intangible/In't nd bl/adj. _________ 2．indulge/In'd ld /v. _____________ 3．amid/ 'mId/prep. _____________ 4．cautious/'k s/adj. ___________________ 5.outspoken/a t'sp k n/adj. ____________________
6．doom/du m/n. _____________
7．bump/b mp/v. _____________
8．halt/h lt/n. _____________
拔高词汇— 高分必备
无形的
沉湎，沉溺
在……过程中
小心的，谨慎的
坦率的，直言不讳的
厄运，劫数
碰上，撞上
停止，中止
二、重点语块
As you walk through the historic town, ________________________ (留心) old shops and buildings that have preserved their traditional charm. Because history and tradition are the threads that ___________________________ (把我们的过去和现在连接在一起), ____________ (属于) the fabric of our identity. As we ________________ (脱离) old customs, we must remain alert in recognizing their value, or we may forget the roots that nourished us. Just as we ____________________________ (热情地欢迎新来者), we should also embrace our traditions, preserving them as we move forward. For in doing so, we honor not only our ancestors but also enrich our own lives, as tradition ____________ (也，还) innovation can coexist, each enhancing the other.
keep your eyes open for
join our past to our present
belonging to
break away from
greet newcomers with warmth
as well as
三、重点句式
1．如果被问及传统，大多数人都会提到那些代代相传的习俗。(if条件状语从句的省略形式)
______________________， most people would mention customs that have been passed down through generations.
2．以历史为指引，探索塑造我们社会的传统是非常有益的。(with复合结构)
_________________________， it is enriching to explore the traditions that have shaped our society.
If asked about traditions
With history as our guide
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P44】美丽的乡村给人以激情和灵感，满足各种感官享受。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．【教材P44】山里宁静的早晨，感受阳光洒落在你身上，呼吸着鲜花的芬芳，而鸟儿则用清晨的歌声迎接新的一天的到来。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses.
On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.
3．【教材P45】随着太阳从山上升起，房子变红了。
____________________________________________________________________
4．【教材P45】夜幕降临，星星点点，告诉我们一切安好，我的村庄也随之安静下来。
____________________________________________________________________
The houses turn red as the sun rises above the mountains.
At night, the stars come out to tell us that all is well and my village grows quiet.
硬核考点
考点1 surround vt. 围绕；包围
surround ... with ... 以……包围……
be surrounded by/with ... 被……环绕/包围
the surrounding area 周围地区
adapt to the new surroundings 适应新环境
1.(2023·浙江高考1月)In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, ___________ (surround) in concentric (同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
2．She felt incredibly relaxed and content as she was surrounded ___________ the soothing sounds of nature.
3．No sooner had we arrived where the child was trapped than the man started to ______________________ (扫视环境).
4．此外，您还被邀请参观周边的旅游景点。
Additionally, you're invited to pay a visit to ___________________________．
surrounded
by/with
scan the surroundings
surrounding tourist attractions
考点2 charge n. 收费；指控；主管；猛攻；冲锋 vt. 收费；控告；充电 vt.& vi. 猛冲；冲锋
free of charge＝for free 免费
put sb in charge of 委任某人负责
in charge (of) 负责，主管
in the charge (of) (由……)负责，(由……)主管
take charge of 负责，主管；照顾
lead the charge 带头冲锋
a charge of 指控；费用
charge sb for sth 因某事/物向某人收费
charge sb with sth/doing sth＝accuse sb of sth/doing sth 指控某人(做)某事
charge at/towards 向……发起冲锋，扑向……
charge forward勇往直前
1．The shop owner charged me nothing ________ the noodles.
2．那头大象感觉受到威胁，便向那群游客发起冲锋，吓得他们四散而逃。
The elephant, feeling threatened, ____________________________， causing them to scatter in fear.
3．我咬紧牙关，奋力向前。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________
4．我是李华，是我们学校广播站新推出的节目的负责人。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
for
charged at the group of tourists
I gritted my teeth and charged forward.
I'm Li Hua, a student in charge of/taking charge of the new program launched in the broadcasting station of our school.
考点3 amount n. 金额；数量 v. 总计，相当于；意味着
the amount of ……的数量(后接不可数名词)
a small/large/huge/substantial amount of＋n. [U]＋v.(单数)
small/large/huge/substantial amounts of＋n. [U]＋v.(复数)
to the amount of 总数达；总计
in the amount of 总金额计……
amount to 达到；合计；相当于；等于；意味着
1．To be successful in college you'll need to learn how to integrate large ________ (amount) of information obtained through reading, doing research, and writing papers.
2．Keeping what belongs to another amounts ________ stealing.
3．We were overjoyed to _______________________________________________ ____________________________________________ (收到一大笔钱), enough to bring us through that desperate time.
4．滴水之恩当涌泉相报。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________
amounts
to
receive a large/huge/substantial amount of money
(＝receive large/huge/substantial amounts of money)
A little bit of kindness will be rewarded with a huge amount of benefit.
1.But the next moment, what greeted her was her dear Papa's worried shout for her name and the ____________ (approach) footsteps, which immediately stirred up Rani's emotions.(写作佳句)
2．(2023· 浙江高考1月)InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.
翻译：______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
approaching
InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。
3．随着亚运会日益临近，全民健身计划正在如火如荼地进行。(写作佳句)
___________________________________， the National Fitness Program is proceeding with full vigor.
＝__________________________________， the National Fitness Program is proceeding with full vigor.
At the approach of the Asian Games
With the Asian Games approaching
考点5 eager adj. 热切的；渴望的
be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
be eager for sth 渴望得到某物
with eagerness＝eagerly 热切地；急切地
hide one's eagerness 掩饰某人的渴望
eagerness to 渴望……
【北师版必修第一册写作佳句】
It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
人们相信，当“福”字倒着贴，幸福就会到来。
1.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager ________ (try) something new.
2．Seized by the increasing ____________ (eager) to contact his grandmother, he wolfed down/pigged out his supper once it was ready. (写作佳句)
3．Picturing my families ________ (eager) waiting for my performance, I worked day and night as busy as a bee for fear that I would make a fool of myself live on TV.(写作佳句)
4．听说你很想了解更多中国的习俗，我很高兴能写信告诉你一些相关的信息。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
to try
eagerness
eagerly
Hearing that you are eager to know more about Chinese customs, I'm rather pleased and writing to inform you of some relevant information.
考点6 break away (from sb/sth) 脱离；背叛；逃脱；突然离开
break其他相关短语：
break up 打碎；分裂，解体；(关系等)破裂
break down 崩溃，垮掉；分解；出故障
break into 破门而入，强行进入
break in 打断；插话
break out (战争、洪水、火灾等)爆发
break through 突破；突围
break off 脱落；中断
1.My dog suddenly ________________ me, charged at the door and began to bark fiercely.
2．He was charging his mobile phone when the fire ________________．
3．In my opinion, a marriage based on money is likely to ________________．
4．听到这个消息，他崩溃了，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________
broke away from
broke out
break up
He broke down at the news, tears pouring down his cheeks.
考点7 if条件状语从句的省略形式
if条件状语从句的省略形式常用搭配：
if any 如果有的话
if not 如果不是这样的话
if so 如果是这样的话
if ever 如果曾有的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
1.There are only a few apples left in the fridge, ____________ (如果有的话).
2．如果你方便的话，我们早上8点30分在校门外见面。如果不方便，请让我知道什么时间最适合你。
If it‘s convenient for you, let’s meet at 8：30 am outside the school gate. ______________________________________．
3．如有必要，我校将为学生提供语言培训课程。
________________， our school will provide the students with the language training courses.
＝________________， our school will provide the students with the language training courses.(状语从句的省略)
if any
If not, let me know what time suits you best
If it is necessary
If necessary
考点8 with复合结构
with复合结构在句中作状语和定语，其结构为：
with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词
with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动或进行)
with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成)
with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作)
1.I'm planning a trip, with many places ________ (visit) along the way.
2．(2024·浙江高考1月)Soon Eva began to breathe hard, _____________________ _________________ (她的心怦怦直跳，双腿颤抖)．
3．____________________ (眼含泪水), he said in disbelief, “You want to help me？”
4．完成作业后，他终于放松下来看电视了。
____________________________________________________________________
to visit
with her heart pounding
and legs shaking
With tears in his eyes
With the homework finished, he finally relaxed and watched TV.
【译林版必修第二册写作佳句】
I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me.
不是所有的传统习俗我都了解，但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。
强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．With all the preparations ________ (make), he jumped with joy, his eyes glittering with excitement.
2．The person I respect most is my head teacher, who always offers us different approaches to ___________ (handle) our difficulties.
3．_____________ (surround) by green mountains and beautiful lakes, the village takes on a nice look, with neat plants and furnished houses.
4．It was tiring work, but I looked forward to the pay, even though I wasn't sure how much it would amount ________．
5．To be honest, I sometimes feel ________ (puzzle) about my future career.
made
handling
Surrounded
to
puzzled
6．Paper cutting has a history of over 1，500 years, which belongs ________ traditional art in China.
7．Now that they have made great achievements, they are looking forward to the celebration __________ (eager)．
8．My dream is to become an ___________ (announce) in the next semester, which would entitle me to share the students' writing and my favorite articles.
9．Without your generosity and inspiration, I would not have made such ________ (strike) progress.
10．As the eldest child, she had to take charge ________ her younger siblings when her parents were away.
to
eagerly
announcer
striking
of
二、熟词生义
1．(2023·全国甲卷)So, it's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've moved out.____________
2．It was his custom to approach every problem cautiously. ____________
3．In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. ______________________________
4．Shoppers quickly crowded the new shopping mall on its opening day.____________
5．Her unique teaching approach has been very effective among her students. ____________
收费
习惯
安置；把……放在适当位置
挤满
方法
词缀 含义 例词
car 变体char 一是表示_________ 二是表示_________ ________ , charity, charm, cart, carry, cargo, carriage, carrier, career, carpenter
三、构词法
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．The old man pushed a wooden cart filled with freshly picked apples to the market. ____________
2．The ship's cargo consisted mainly of imported machinery and electronic goods. ____________
车
装载
charge
手推车
货物
3．She arrived at the castle in a horse drawn carriage, feeling like a princess for a day. ____________
4．After fully charging the battery, make sure to discharge it safely to avoid any accidents. ____________
5．The airline carrier announced a new route connecting two major cities, improving travel options. ____________
6．He dedicated his entire career to researching renewable energy sources, making significant contributions to the field. ____________
马车
充电
运输公司
事业
四、补全句子
1．教师节日益临近，我们班决定举行聚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。(with复合结构)
______________________________， our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.
2．她布置的作业数量太多了，我几乎没时间全部完成。(amount)
___________________________________________________， and I barely had time to finish it all.
With Teachers' Day approaching
The amount of homework she assigned was overwhelming
3．当她走进图书馆时，她被旧书的舒适气味和翻动书页的轻声细语所包围。(surround)
As she entered the library, ______________________________________________ and the quiet murmur of turning pages.
4．她渴望环游世界，体验不同的文化。(eager)
________________________________ and experience different cultures.
5．暴风雨期间，那块玻璃从窗框上脱落了。(break away from)
The piece of glass ________________________________ during the storm.
6．她被指派负责组织公司的年度野餐活动。(charge)
________________________________ the annual company picnic.
she was surrounded by the comforting scent of old books
She is eager to travel around the world
broke away from the window frame
She was put in charge of organizing
五、长难句分析
(2024·北京高考)When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and gives us the opportunity to make right choices.
句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们为自己创造出了反思恩情和情感的空间，这有助于我们认清生活中重要的领域，并给我们机会去做出正确的选择。
分析：句子主干是________________，是“主谓宾”结构，to reflect on our thoughts and emotions作________。When引导__________从句；which引导_______________从句，解释说明主句内容；to make right choices作___________，修饰名词opportunity。
we create space
状语
时间状语
非限制性定语
后置定语
读写用—素养提升
一、深化阅读——明晰考向 以阅读养阅读
(2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers—it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X ray scans and prescriptions.
“People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning，” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two week trip in November through the vast regions (区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia.
Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk.
The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits.
Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Saint Lukas列车为俄罗斯一些偏远地区提供医疗服务。
28．How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains
A．It runs across countries.
B．It reserves seats for the seniors.
C．It functions as a hospital.
D．It travels along a river.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Saint Lukas is one of five government sponsored medical trains”和“doctors and nurses ... X ray scans and prescriptions”可知，Saint Lukas列车是政府资助的医疗列车，列车上有医生和护士为乡村人口提供基本的医疗等，C项(它的作用相当于一个医院。)符合题意。故选C。
29．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk
A．It is heavily populated.
B．It offers training for doctors.
C．It is a modern city.
D．It needs medical aid.
解析：推理判断题。第三段首句提到俄罗斯的公共医疗服务急需现代化。再结合第三段中的“address the problem ... arranging doctor's appointments ... motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk”可推知，Krasnoyarsk是俄罗斯一个贫穷的、医疗条件差的偏远乡村，D项(它需要医疗援助。)符合题意。故选D。
30．How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply
A．About a year.
B．About ten months.
C．About two months.
D．About two weeks.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“For 10 months every year ... to refuel and restock (补给)．”可知，该列车每年有十个月都会进行这样的工作：在大约八个站点停留两周多，然后返回补充燃料和补给。因此，该列车一次补给可以工作两周左右。故选D。
31．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services
A．Appreciative.
B．Doubtful.
C．Ambiguous.
D．Cautious.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I was very impressed”和“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”可知，Ducke对此印象深刻，并认为这是许多农村人得到想要的治疗的最佳机会，由此可推知，Ducke对Saint Lukas列车服务的态度是赞赏的。故选A。
推断观点态度题——“褒贬措辞法”
1．三明确
①明确某人对某事的态度；
②明确表达情感的词的意义(如valuable, hopeful, doubt, against等)；
③明确主旨大意，根据段首或段尾推测出作者的观点，而不是主观臆断。
2．三类词
①客观中立：objective (客观的), neutral (中立的)等；
②支持：positive (积极的), supportive (支持的)等；
③反对：disapproving (不赞同的), negative反对(否定的，消极的)等。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材 情绪描写——沮丧、悲伤与绝望(一)
(因感动/难过)而忍不住流泪 sb be brought to tears/be reduced to tears; sth brought/reduced sb to tears
泪如泉涌 tears welled up/surged up in one's eyes
泪眼蒙眬 tears misted/clouded/blurred one's eyes/vision
泪流满面 tears rolled/streamed/flowed/poured/slid/coursed/trickled down one's cheeks
情绪低落 in low spirits; in a bad mood
流露出绝望和悲伤 reveal the despair and sorrow within sb
沉入无尽的悲伤海洋 sink into an endless ocean of sorrow
无法掩饰悲伤 can't hide/contain/conceal one's loss/frustration/depression/sadness/gloom/despair/desperation/grief/sorrow
满是悲伤 be seized/overcome/overwhelmed/brimmed/weighed down with an ocean of loss/frustration/depression/sadness/gloom/despair/desperation/grief/sorrow
满面愁云 a frown stand on one's face; one's face clouded over
心灰意冷 suffer from a deep chill of the heart
某人的心沉了下去 one's heart sink (with disappointment)
心痛 one's heart ache bitterly
悲伤写在脸上 a look/feeling/sense/flicker of loss/frustration/depression/sadness/gloom/despair/
desperation/grief/sorrow creep on one's face/be written on one's face/were etched on one's face
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·四川省成都市东辰外国语学校高三第一次月考)Nobody can deny the charm of Christmas. Get into the festive spirit with our top recommendations for Christmas markets across Europe.
Edinburgh Christmas Market
For celebrating Christmas, Edinburgh is a perfect choice for a festive getaway. The Christmas market stretches over the city, packed with Christmas crafts, delicious treats, and fantastic events. It's also usually the longest running market in Europe. There are also light shows at the castle, a special program at the zoo, and a variety of performances to choose from.
Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market
There's a range of markets to spoil every visitor in Cologne, such as the Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market, located next to the city's most iconic building. It's a great opportunity to wander around the stalls (摊位) while you're admiring the amazing Gothic architecture of the cathedral itself, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Salzburg Christmas Market
A true winter wonderland with often snow covering, Salzburg is the picture perfect Christmas market destination. Check out the choral singing in front of the cathedral and try some of the traditional gingerbread, roasted chestnuts, and other sweet treats.
Budapest Christmas Market
This Christmas market offers over 100 stalls serving Hungarian treats ranging from warming goulash to delicious Beijgll, a rolled cake with poppy seeds or walnuts. There's plenty to keep you entertained, with ice skating and Christmas concerts. Climb to the top of Fisherman's Bastion if you want to see the city in all its festive glory.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了欧洲各地的几个圣诞市场。
1．Which market has the longest operation history in Europe
A．Edinburgh Christmas Market.
B．Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market.
C．Salzburg Christmas Market.
D．Budapest Christmas Market.
解析：细节理解题。根据Edinburgh Christmas Market部分中的“It's also usually the longest running market in Europe.”可知，爱丁堡圣诞集市是欧洲经营历史最悠久的圣诞集市。故选A。
2．What makes Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market special
A．Wonderful light shows.
B．Christmas choral singing.
C．Entertaining Christmas concerts.
D．Stunning Gothic architecture nearby.
解析：细节理解题。根据Cologne Cathedral Christmas Market部分中的“It's a great opportunity ... a UNESCO World Heritage Site.”可知，科隆大教堂圣诞市场的特别之处是附近有令人惊叹的哥特式建筑。故选D。
3．What do Christmas markets in Salzburg and Budapest have in common
A．A good view of the city.
B．Various entertainments.
C．Delicious foods for tasting.
D．A snow covered wonderland.
解析：推理判断题。根据Salzburg Christmas Market部分中的“Check out ... and other sweet treats.(看看大教堂前的合唱，尝尝传统的姜饼、烤栗子和其他甜食。)”和Budapest Christmas Market部分中的“This Christmas market offers ... or walnuts.(这个圣诞市场有100多个摊位，供应匈牙利美食，从温热的炖牛肉到美味的Beijgll，一种用罂粟籽或核桃做成的卷饼。)”可推知，这两个市场的共同之处是可以品尝到美味的食物。故选C。
B
(2025·上海市吴淞中学高三期中)About a quarter of the world drives on the left, and the countries that do are mostly old British colonies like Australia, India and Ireland. But Thailand, Indonesia and Japan have also developed this habit.
This strange quirk (奇事) puzzles the rest of the world; however, there is a perfectly good reason. Up to the late 1700s, everybody travelled on the left side of the road because it's the sensible option for violent, feudal (封建的) societies of mostly right handed people. Soldiers with their swords under their right arms naturally passed on each other's right, and if you passed a stranger on the road you walked on the left to ensure that your protective sword arm was between you and him.
Revolutionary France, however, overturned this practice as part of its sweeping social rethink and thanks to Napoleon this change was carried out all over continental Europe. Because he was left handed, his armies had to march on the right so he could keep his sword arm between him and any opponent. From then on, any country colonised by the French took to driving on the right.
After the American Revolutionary War (1775－1783), the US became independent and decided to make traffic drive on the right in order to cut all remaining links to its British colonial past. Once America became the centre of the car industry, if you wanted a good reliable vehicle, you bought American right hand drive. From then on many countries changed out of necessity.
Today, the EU would like Britain to fall into line with the rest of Europe, but this is no longer possible. It would cost billions of pounds to change everything round. The last European country to convert to driving on the right was Sweden in 1967. This ironically caused a reduction in car accidents, because everyone drove carefully, while getting used to the new system.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些国家靠左侧行驶的原因及部分国家后来改变这一传统的原因和过程。
4．Why did people travel on the left before the late 18th century
A．They were required to do so.
B．They were mostly left handed.
C．It was easier to cross the street.
D．They could feel safer from attacks.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Up to the late 1700s ... between you and him.”可推知，在18世纪晚期之前，人们靠左侧行走是因为这样他们会觉得可以免受攻击、更安全。故选D。
5．What was Napoleon's attitude about walking on the left
A．Support.
B．Disapproval.
C．Doubt.
D．Sympathy.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Revolutionary France ... between him and any opponent.”可推知，拿破仑对靠左侧行走是反对的。故选B。
6．For Americans, driving on the right was a way to show ________．
A．the connection with France was broken
B．the US was no longer ruled by the UK
C．the American Revolution War had ended
D．America was the centre of the car industry
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“After the American Revolutionary War (1775－1783) ... British colonial past.(美国独立战争(1775～1783)后，美国获得独立，并决定让车辆靠右行驶，以切断与英国殖民统治时期残留的所有联系。)”可推知，对美国人来说，靠右行驶是为了表示美国不再受英国统治。故选B。
7．What is the main reason why UK will not adopt the European system
A．It would cost too much to change.
B．Its increasing traffic accidents.
C．Its influence on colonies.
D．Its fast developing car industry.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Today, the EU would like ... change everything round.”可知，英国不采用欧洲体系的主要原因是改变需要花费很多钱。故选A。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·江苏省靖江高级中学高三月考)Every Christmas, my mom would fill our stockings with small toys and candies. At the very tip of the stocking, the very __1__ thing that we would pull out was an orange. For years, I hated the tradition. It was __2__ to pull an orange out of my __3__ after uncovering so many fun and delicious treats. An orange wasn't special. I could eat one any time of the year, and it was just __4__ room that could have been filled with more candy.
When I was thirteen, I __5__ asked my mother why she put oranges in our stockings. She __6__ my grandfather had grown up very poor. His father had a brain tumor that left him blind and __7__ to work, so his mother relied on __8__ from the church to take care of her seven children. Every Christmas, a local church donated a basket of fruit to their family. This was my grandfather's favorite day of the year because it was the only day when he could eat fresh fruit. The oranges were his favorite because they __9__ like sunshine. When he grew up, he always __10__ to have a bowl of oranges around at Christmastime so he could __11__ his favorite Christmas memory with his children.
When my mom finished telling the story, I felt __12__. In my rush to collect as much candy as possible, I had __13__ to be grateful. Now the orange at the bottom of my stocking is a __14__ to be grateful for the beautiful Christmases that my parents gave me and for the hard work they did that ensured I could have a(n) __15__ any day of the year.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候过圣诞节时母亲总是会在袜子里装一个橙子，后来经过母亲的讲述了解了背后的故事，让作者从最初的不满到如今感恩的故事。
1．A.best B．last
C．first D．Fast
2．A.disappointing B．amazing
C．appealing D．frightening
解析：根据上文“fill our stockings with small toys and candies. At the very tip of the stocking”可知，其他好玩和美味的礼物已经拿出了，最后在袜子底部的是橙子。故选B。
解析： disappointing令人失望的；amazing惊人的；appealing 吸引人的；frightening可怕的。根据上文“For years, I hated the tradition.”可知，作者对从袜子里拿出一个橙子感到失望。故选A。
3．A.room B．bag
C．stocking D．Pocket
4．A.blowing up B．building up
C．taking up D．holding up
解析：根据上文“At the very tip of the stocking”可知，是从袜子里拿出橙子。故选C。
解析： blow up炸毁；build up建造；take up占领；hold up举起。根据本句“I could eat one any time of the year, and it was just __4__ room that could have been filled with more candy.”可知，此处指橙子占据了本可以由更多糖果填满的位置。故选C。
5．A.initially B．joyfully
C．casually D．Eventually
6．A.commented B．described
C．explained D．imagined
解析： initially最初；joyfully快乐地；casually随意地；eventually最终。根据上文“For years, I hated the tradition.”及本句中的“When I was thirteen, I __5__ asked my mother”可知，作者不喜欢这个传统，但是终于在13岁时问母亲为什么在袜子里放橙子。故选D。
解析： comment评论；describe描述；explain解释；imagine想象。根据上文“I __5__ asked my mother why she put oranges in our stockings”可知，母亲在此解释了为什么要放橙子在袜子里。故选C。
7．A.unwilling B．unable
C．qualified D．Ambitious
8．A.contributions B．inventions
C．pensions D．donations
解析： unwilling不愿意的；unable不能胜任的；qualified合格的；ambitious雄心勃勃的。根据上文“had a brain tumor that left him blind”可知，祖父的父亲是无法工作的。故选B。
解析： contribution捐款；invention发现；pension养老金；donation捐赠。根据下文“from the church to take care of her seven children”可知，母亲依靠教会为贫困家庭提供的捐赠来抚养七个孩子。故选D。
9．A.tasted B．looked
C．touched D．Felt
10．A.settled down B．spoke up
C．made sure D．turned up
解析：根据上文“it was the only day when he could eat fresh fruit”可知，只有在圣诞节这天作者的祖父才能吃到新鲜的水果，橙子对祖父来说就像是阳光一样。故选A。
解析： settle down安定下来；speak up大声说出来；make sure确保；turn up出现。根据下文“to have a bowl of oranges around at Christmastime”可知，此处指祖父长大后在圣诞节期间，一定要确保随身带着一碗橙子。故选C。
11．A.share B．exchange
C．appreciate D．Discuss
12．A.anxious B．ashamed
C．delighted D．excited
解析： share分享；exchange交流；appreciate欣赏；discuss讨论。根据下文“his favorite Christmas memory with his children”可知，祖父随身带着一碗橙子是为了和孩子们分享他最喜欢的圣诞节记忆。故选A。
解析： anxious焦虑的；ashamed羞愧的；delighted高兴的；excited兴奋的。根据上文“For years, I hated the tradition.”及下文“Now the orange at the bottom of my stocking is a __14__ to be grateful for the beautiful Christmases”可知，作者听了母亲的解释后态度发生了转变，为自己以前的行为感到惭愧。故选B。
13．A.forgotten B．expected
C．continued D．Agreed
14．A.ceremony B．tradition
C．reminder D．memory
解析： forget遗忘；expect期待；continue继续；agree同意。根据上文“When my mom finished telling the story, I felt __12__．”可知，此处承接上文表明作者惭愧的原因：作者在忙于获取尽可能多的糖果的过程中，忘记了感恩。故选A。
解析： ceremony仪式；tradition传统；reminder提醒人的事物；memory记忆。根据上文“Now the orange at the bottom of my stocking is a”可知，此处指袜子底部橙子的象征意义，即提醒作者要感恩。故选C。
15．A.party B．festival
C．gift D．orange
解析： party派对；festival节日；gift礼物；orange橙子。此处指作者通过橙子提醒自己要感恩父母的辛苦工作，确保自己在任何一天都可以吃到橙子。故选D。
聚焦写作 一箭三雕
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2025·湖南省长沙市第一中学高三月考)Wuzhen, an ancient water town in Zhejiang Province, hosted the “Wuzhen Mid Autumn Festival” from September 15th to 17th, with a variety of events and activities on offer.
The custom of “Moon Walking” originates from the old tradition of Jiangnan. __1__ tradition, people would gather under the moon with lanterns in hand at three stone bridges to pray for the well being and __2__ (together) of their family members.
The Wuzhen Mid Autumn Festival has combined this traditional custom with the special atmosphere __3__ spreads over this ancient town, so that every visitor can experience the sense of ceremony and relaxation in Moon Walking.
One of the __4__ (highlight) in “Walking under the moon” is “The Ceremony of the Celebration of the Moon”， which __5__ (hand) down for a thousand years, paying sincere and sacred honor to the ancient moon god and praying for peace and a good harvest.
With incense (香) and offerings carefully __6__ (place) on the table, the ceremony conducted by people in traditional costumes will slowly __7__ (fold) against melodious ancient music. Visitors will seem to travel back through __8__ time tunnel for a special experience.
During the festival, visitors can also participate in the “Lotus Lantern (莲灯) Prayer” activity at the Wuzhen Xijie Water Theater, __9__ (select) their desired lotus lanterns, hand writing their own prayers, and __10__ (gentle) placing the lotus lanterns with the prayers into the river. Here, the river can become a floating emotional link between the past and the future.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________ 5．________
6.________ 7.________ 8.________ 9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乌镇水乡是如何庆祝传统中秋佳节的。
1．答案：By
2．答案：togetherness
解析：考查介词。句意：按照传统，人们会手拿灯笼聚集在三个石桥下，在月光下祈祷他们的家庭成员幸福和团聚。固定搭配by tradition意为“按照传统”，位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填By。
解析：考查词性转换。根据前文the well being and可知，设空处应用名词togetherness与well being并列。故填togetherness。
3．答案：that/which
4．答案：highlights
解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为atmosphere，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
解析：考查名词。句意：“月下行”的一大亮点是流传千年的“月祭仪式”，它是对古代月亮神真诚而神圣的敬意，祈求和平与丰收。“one of＋名词复数”意为“……之一”。故填highlights。
5．答案：has been handed
6．答案：placed
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语for a thousand years可知，应用现在完成时，主语which指代先行词The Ceremony of the Celebration of the Moon，与动词hand之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词应用has。故填has been handed。
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，动词place与宾语incense (香) and offerings之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填placed。
7．答案：unfold
8．答案：a
解析：考查反义词。句意：香和祭品精心摆放在桌子上，穿着传统服装的人们将在悠扬的古代音乐中慢慢展开仪式。此处应用unfold，表示“展开”，位于will之后，应用动词原形。故填unfold。
解析：考查冠词。此处时光隧道表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且time的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
9．答案：selecting
10．答案：gently
解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处应用非谓语动词，动词select与其逻辑主语visitors之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填selecting。
解析：考查词性转换。此处修饰动词placing，应用副词gently“轻轻地”，作状语。故填gently。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
(2025·湖南省长沙市岳麓区湖南师范大学附属中学高三月考)假定你是李华，上周接待了英国友好学校的学生Robert。他回国后写邮件感谢你的接待，表示在中国期间很开心，同时他对中国的建筑文化很感兴趣，希望再次来中国，并请你推荐几个值得参观的地方。请根据以上信息，给他回复一封邮件。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Robert，
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Yours，
Li Hua
[精彩范文]
Dear Robert，
So delighted to learn that you are satisfied with your stay in China. Here are my recommendations for you to get a better understanding of Chinese architecture.
Beijing is a city with a long history and thus home to lots of well preserved traditional architecture, including the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace and the Great Wall. If you favour modern architecture, I strongly recommend you to visit Shanghai, where you will be overwhelmed not only by a picture of countless skyscrapers but also a sharp contrast to traditional Chinese architecture.
I'm happy to offer any help and wish you a wonderful journey in China.
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·四川省绵竹中学高三质量检测)I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. I fumbled (抚弄) with the string and then, unable to contain my curiosity any longer, I opened it. It was a shiny, brand new laptop. I had scored straight As for my O level examination and this was my reward. I had always envied my friends who were exchanging news about “chat rooms”， “instant messaging” and “e mailing”， all of which I knew nothing about. Now I was going to find out.
It started out simply enough. I was searching for some information online when I chanced upon a social networking site. Soon I became glued to my new found electronic friend. I began to spend more and more time on YouTube and became trapped by Facebook and Twitter. I had never imagined that the day would come when I would be addicted to the glowing screen before me. Whenever I was not glued to these social networking sites, I would be going through gossip or fashion websites.
As time passed, I realized that I was hooked on the Internet. During weekends, when I had more time on my hands, I could easily spend a few hours on my laptop. It came to a point where I chose to lock myself in my room, refusing to come out and take part in family discussions. I preferred to stay connected to the people I befriended in cyberspace although I had never met them. Soon I was spending the small hours of the morning glued to the Internet. Sleep was no longer complete and continuous but divided into small pieces. My grades at school also began worsening.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为考试成绩获得全优，父母给他买了一台全新笔记本电脑作为奖励。渐渐地，作者开始沉迷于网络，不再与父母交流，学习成绩也在下滑，父母对此事表达不满后，作者表现如何？父亲将作者的电脑拿走后，作者是否有所改变？
It was about this time that my parents started voicing their disapproval.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
Then one day, my father took away my laptop.﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
It was about this time that my parents started voicing their disapproval. It became obvious to them that I was spending too much time on the Internet. I was asked to tone down my usage of the Internet. Yet, however hard I tried, I was unable to pull myself away, unable to terminate my chat sessions and unable to concentrate on my lessons. I was desperate for just another click, just another look at my e mail or message board.
Then one day, my father took away my laptop. I sputtered and fumed but to no avail. Dad had made up his mind. Over time I realized that Dad and Mum had always wanted the best for me. That was when I decided to take the big step—to conquer my Internet addiction. Quitting was harder than I expected. But with dogged determination I knew that I would be able to do it. I promised my parents that I would turn over a new leaf.
