高考科学复习解决方案 英语
一 背记单词/词块
◎道德
1．moral adj. 道德的 n. 道德
2．virtue n. 高尚的道德
3．principle n. 道德原则
◎状态
4．dilemma n. 进退两难的境地
5．moral__dilemma 道德困境
6．faint vi. 昏倒
7．passive adj. 被动的；顺从的
8．pregnant adj. 怀孕的；妊娠的
9．spill vt.& vi. (使)洒出；(使)溢出
10．limp vi. 跛行；一瘸一拐地走
11．tear n. 眼泪
12．despair n. 绝望
13．might n. 力量；威力
◎教育
14．illustrate vt. 给(书或文章)加插图
15．tuition n. (小组)教学；讲课
16．fee n. 专业服务费；报酬
17．tuition fees 学费
18．union n. 协会；联合会；工会
19．scholarship n. 奖学金
20．publish vt. 发表
21．kindergarten n. 学前班；幼儿园
22．chairman n. 主席；主持人
◎职业
23．hire vt. 聘任
24．physician n. 医师；(尤指)内科医生
25．resident physician 住院医师
26．colleague n. 同事；同僚
27．staff n. 员工
28．insurance n. 保险；保险业
29．waitress n. (餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者
30．income n. 收入；收益
◎地点
31．clinic n. 诊所；门诊部
32．pole n. (行星的)极；地极
33．café n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆
34．court n. (网球等的)球场；法院；法庭
◎物品
35．import n．& vt. 进口
36．export n．& vt. 出口
37．maple n. 枫树；槭树
38．cart n. 手推车；运货马车
◎描述词
39．precious adj. 珍稀的
40．faraway adj. 遥远的
41．elsewhere adv. 在别处；去别处
42．per prep. 每；每一
43．therefore adv. 因此；所以
◎其他
44．entrust vt. 委托；交付
45．decade n. 十年；十年期
46．whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说
47．midnight n. 子夜；午夜
48．lap n. (坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈
49．bite vt.& vi. 咬
50．lip n. 嘴唇
51．memory n. 记忆力
52．chain n. 一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
53．disguise vt. 装扮
54．fable n. 寓言；寓言故事
二 词形变化
1．marry v. 结婚→marriage n. 结婚；婚姻
2．major adj. 主要的→majority n. 大部分
3．complain vi.& vt. 抱怨→complaint n. 抱怨
4．respond vt. 回答→response n. 反应
5．reject vt. 拒绝接受→rejection n. 拒绝接受
6．appoint vt. 任命；安排→appointed adj. 约定的→appointment n. 约会；约定
7．elect vt. 选举→election n. 选举
8．tend vt. 照顾→tendency n. 趋势
9．retire vi.& vt. 退休→retired adj. 退休的→retirement n. 退休
10．save vt. 救→saving n. 节省物
11．scare vt. 惊吓→scared adj. 害怕的→scary adj. 令人恐惧的
12．sharp adj. 急剧的→sharpen vt. 削尖→sharply adv. 急剧地
13．replace vt. 接替→replacement n. 替换
14．accident n. 事故→accidental adj. 意外的→accidentally adv. 偶然地
15．operate vt.& vi. 做手术→operation n. 手术→operator n. 操作员
16．assist vt. 帮助→assistance n. 帮助→assistant n. 助理
17．harm n．& vt. 伤害→harmful adj. 有害的→harmfully adv. 有害地→harmless adj. 无害的
18．flexible adj. 灵活的→flexibly adv. 灵活地→flexibility n. 灵活性
19．tense adj. 紧张的→tension n. 紧张关系
1．She married a German, but the marriage lasted only three years.(marry)
2．Eating too much every day is harmful to our health; that is to say, eating too much every day does harm to our health.(harm)
3．The resident physician often complains about his working conditions and I'm tired of his complaints．(complain)
4．Seeing the scary wolf, children were very scared,__but some adults managed to scare the beast off.(scare)
5．Doctors operated on the injured person immediately and the operation was very successful.(operate)
6．My suggestion got rejected and the rejection kept me in low spirits for a long time. (reject)
7．When he needed someone to assist him, his assistant came to his assistance．(assist)
8．The meeting had__been__appointed at the shopping center, but she failed to keep the appointment,__so I was very angry.(appoint)
三 熟词生义
1.illustrate [熟义] vt. (举例)说明；阐明
[生义] vt. 给(书或文章)加插图
2．respond [熟义] vt. 回答；回复
[生义] vi. 做出反应；回应
3．tend [熟义] vi. 倾向；趋于
[生义] vt. 照顾；照料
4．operation [熟义] n. 手术
[生义] n. 操作；运行；企业；经营
5．tear [熟义] n. 眼泪；泪水
[生义] v. 流泪；撕破；撕
6．might [熟义] modal v. 可能
[生义] n. 力量；威力
1．When we tear one page from the calendar, it means our life has been shortened by one day.
每当我们从日历上撕下一页，就意味着我们的生命减少一天。
2．The professor lectured with a beaming countenance, but the students didn't respond much, only agreeing with what he said.
教授讲得眉飞色舞，学生们却没有太大的回应，只是随声应和。
3．She went on to art school and is now illustrating a book.
她接着上了美术学校，现在正在给一本书画插图。
4．I would like to tend (to) the store for you while you're away.
你不在时我愿意替你照看店铺。
5．You must read the operation instructions before using this machine.
在使用这台机器之前你必须阅读操作说明书。
6．During the intense debate, her words demonstrated a might of force and power that could potentially alter the audience's perspective entirely.
在那场激烈的辩论中，她的言辞展现出了不可忽视的力量，可能彻底改变了观众的观点。
小积累 word families
1.各种“说” ①complain v. 私下抱怨说 ②whisper v. 低声说 ③insist v. 坚持说 ④joke v. 开玩笑地说 ⑤add v. 继续说，补充说 ⑥murmur v. 小声说，私下抱怨说 2.考虑“费用” ①fee 费用；酬金 ②fare 车费 ③expense 花费 ④charge 费用；收费 ⑤fine 罚款 ⑥tip 小费 3.“in＋抽象名词”短语 ①in__tears 流着泪；含着泪 ②in__despair 处于绝望中 ③in danger 处于危险之中 ④in silence 沉默地 ⑤in surprise/shock 吃惊地 ⑥in need 贫困的，在危难中
一 词表短语
1．carry__sb__through__sth 帮助某人渡过难关
2．tend__to__do__sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
3．first__aid 急救
4．pass__away 去世
5．in__memory__of 作为对……的纪念
6．trip__over 被……绊倒
7．in__tears 流着泪；含着泪
8．in__despair 处于绝望中
9．a__great__deal__(of) 大量
选用上面的短语填空
1．Every year, a tree is planted in the park in__memory__of the local hero who saved a child from drowning.
2．After the rejection of his visa application, he sat in__despair/in__tears,__unsure of how to pursue his dreams abroad.
3．Rushing to catch the bus, he tripped__over an uneven pavement, causing a crowd of people to reach out and help him up.
4．The hospital room was filled with sadness as the family gathered, remembering their loved one who had__passed__away．
5．Stationary cars in traffic jams cause a__great__deal__of pollution.
6．White wines tend__to gain depth of colour with age.
二 写作词块
1．master__rich__knowledge 掌握丰富的知识
2．make__contributions__to__the__society 对社会做出贡献
3．set__off__a__chain__reaction 引起了连锁反应
4．bite__one's__lips 咬嘴唇
5．speak__in__a__whisper 低声说话
6．respond__with__a__smile 报以微笑
7．develop__good__moral__characters 培养良好的道德品质
8．traditional__virtue 传统美德
9．a__more__flexible__approach 更灵活的方法
10．be__willing__to__help__others 乐于助人
11．nervous__tension 神经紧张
12．moral__principle 道德准则
1．(教材P16)对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。如果人们把生命托付给我，我怎么能说自己冷、自己饿、自己困，而拒绝这份信任呢？(“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义)
To__a__person__nothing__is__more__precious__than__their__life,__and__if__they__entrust__me__with__that__life,__how__could__I__refuse__that__trust,__saying__I'm__cold,__hungry,__or__tired
2．(教材P16)她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。(the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth)
She__immediately__became__the__first__woman__ever__to__be__hired__as__a__resident__physician__in__the__OB GYN__department__of__the__PUMC__Hospital.
3．(教材P17)中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。(see意为“见证”的拟人用法)
The__new__People's__Republic__of__China__saw__Dr__Lin__Qiaozhi__playing__a__key__role.
4．(教材P20)过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。(独立主格结构)
After__a__while,__a__group__of__women__came__along,__each__balancing__a__pot__of__water__on__her__head.
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．major adj.主要的 vi. 主修 n. 主修课程→majority n. 大部分；大多数
2．respond vt. 回答；回复 vi. 做出反应；回应→response n．反应；回答；回复
3．reject vt. 拒绝接受；不录用→rejection n. 拒绝接受；否决
4．scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕 vi. 受惊吓→scared adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary adj. 令人恐惧的
5．retire vi.& vt. 退休；退职；退出→retired adj. 已退休的；已退职的→retirement n. 退休
6．energy n. 精力；活力；能量→energetic adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的
7．assist vt. 帮助；援助→assistance n. 帮助；援助→assistant n. 助理；助手
8．harm n．& vt. 伤害；损害→harmful adj. 有害的→harmfully adv. 有害地→harmless adj. 无害的；不致伤害的
9．flexible adj. 灵活的；可变通的→flexibly adv. 灵活地→flexibility n. 灵活性
10．tend vt. 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于→tendency n. 趋势
拔高词汇— 高分必备
1.exceed/Ik'si d/v. 超过，超出 2．disheartening/dIs'hɑ tnI /adj. 使人沮丧的 3．guardian/'ɡɑ di n/n. 保护者；监护人 4．proficiency/pr 'fI ( )nsi/n. 熟练；娴熟 5.rational/'r ( )n l/adj. 合理的；理性的 6．chilly/'t Ili/adj. 寒冷的；冷淡的 7．confess/k n'fes/v. 供认，招供；承认 8．whatsoever/ w ts 'ev (r)/adv. 丝毫(用于强调否定句)
二、重点语块
Her forgetfulness often makes her tend__to__forget (容易忘记) important details, but her determined friend always carries__her__through (帮她渡过) life's challenges. In a moral__dilemma (道德困境), he had to choose between helping her and fulfilling a long standing commitment to another friend. However, his loyalty to her never wavered, and he chose to be by her side whenever she needed him. To honor their friendship, they planted a tree in__memory__of (纪念) all the moments they'd shared. Once, when she was injured, he quickly administered first__aid (急救), preventing the situation from setting__off__a__chain__reaction (引起连锁反应) of panic. Seeing his friend in__tears (含着泪) due to the pain, he comforted her with a__great__deal__of (大量的) care and patience, never leaving her side even when she felt in__despair (处于绝望中)．
三、重点句式
1．在这个小镇上，没有一家餐厅比“老地方”更受欢迎。(“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义)
In this small town, no__restaurant__is__more__popular__than__the__“Old__Place”．
2．随着夜幕降临，星星开始在天空中闪烁。(独立主格结构)
Night__falling,__the stars began to twinkle in the sky.
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P16】林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。
These__words__of__Dr__Lin__Qiaozhi__give__us__a__look__into__the__heart__of__this__amazing__woman,__and__what__carried__her__through__a__life__of__hard__choices.
2．【教材P16】林巧稚五岁时母亲病故，这对她影响极大。
As__a__five－year－old__girl,__Lin__Qiaozhi__was__deeply__affected__by__her__mother's__death.
3．【教材P17】然而，她的心却在别处。
Her__heart,__however,__was__elsewhere.
4．【教材P18】不幸的是，白求恩医生于次年11月去世，并被埋葬在石家庄。
Sadly,__Dr__Bethune__passed__away__in__November__the__following__year__and__was__buried__in__Shijiazhuang.
硬核考点
考点1 complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚 complain (to sb) of/about (doing) sth (向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某人)就(做)某事发牢骚 complain (to sb) that ... (向某人)抱怨…… make a complaint about sth 抱怨/投诉某事
1.One day Jake came home from school and complained (complain) as usual. He grumbled about everything that made him unhappy, his face clouded with gloom.
2．We need to focus on finding a solution to the problem, rather than just complaining of/about it.
3．我写信是为了投诉我从你们网站上买的夹克。我很遗憾地说它出了问题。(写作佳句)
I'm writing to complain__of/about__the__jacket__which__I__bought__from__your__website. I regret to say that there's something wrong with it.(complain)
＝I'm writing to make__a__complaint__about__the__jacket__which__I__bought__from__your__website. I regret to say that there's something wrong with it.(complaint)
考点2 respond vt. 回答；回复 vi. 做出反应；回应 respond to 对……做出反应 in response to 回应/响应…… make (a) response to对……做出反应
1.(2024·浙江高考1月)A similar process is at work in our response (respond) to information.
2．Knowing basic first aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
3．She opened her little pink purse and pulled out a five dollar bill. “Oh, good. I'll pay you back when we get home，” I responded__with__a__sigh__of__relief (松了一口气回答道)．
4．为了回应您对我校每年举办的步行者活动的询问，我写信详细说明一些细节。(写作佳句)
In__response__to__your__inquiry__about the Trail walker Activity held annually by my school, I'm writing to elaborate on some details.
考点3 appoint vt. 任命；委派 appoint sb as/to be ... 任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事 make/have an appointment (with sb) (与某人)约会/预约 keep the appointment 遵守约定 by appointment 按照约定
1.The university appointed him to__teach (teach) the advanced physics course, acknowledging his deep understanding of the subject.
2．The school board appointed Mrs Smith as the new principal, praising her dedication and commitment to education.
3．她约了发型师为即将到来的活动做一个新发型。
She__made/had__an__appointment__with__her__hairstylist__to__get__a__new__hairstyle__for__the__upcoming__event.
4. 我写信是向你道歉，我不能遵守我们上周五定下的约会了。(写作佳句)
I__am__writing__to__apologize__to__you__that__I__cannot__keep__the__appointment__that__we__made__last__Friday.
考点4 tend vt. 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于 tend to do sth 倾向于做某事；往往会发生某事 tend (to) sb 照顾某人 have a tendency to/towards 有……的倾向 have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向
1.(2024·全国甲卷)However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to__produce (produce) stretched and soft meows.
2．As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a tendency (tend) to get anxious with time going by.
3．While I hate to admit it, people always tend__to__judge__a__person__by__his__or__her__appearance (倾向于以貌取人)．
4．事故发生后，社区中心的志愿者照顾伤者，为他们提供急救和安慰。
After__the__accident,__the__volunteers__from__the__community__center__tended__to__the__injured,__providing__them__with__first__aid__and__comfort.
【外研版必修第三册写作佳句】
He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile.
他真的改变了这些孩子的生活。他的脸上终于露出了高兴的笑容。
考点5 replace vt. 接替；取代；更换 replace ... with/by ... 用……替换…… be replaced by ... 被……替换/取代 take the place of＝take one's place＝be in place of 代替
1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
2．在未来，计算机可能会完全取代人类。
Computers may replace human being completely in the future.
＝Computers may take__the__place__of human being completely in the future.
＝Computers may take____human__being's__place completely in the future.
＝Computers may be__in____place__of human being completely in the future.
3．一种力量立刻取代了简脑海中不断增加的恐惧和焦虑。
A__sense__of__strength__immediately__replaced__the__mounting__fear__and__anxiety__in__Jane's__mind.
考点6 whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传 whisper sth to sb 向某人低声说某事 whisper to sb that ... 轻声对某人说…… in a whisper/whispers 低声地；耳语地
1.Wearing a radiant smile, Edun approached Mom and hugged her, whispering (whisper), “Mom, thank you for everything you have done for me.”
2．Emily abruptly covered her wide opened mouth, feeling as if her heart would jump out. However, whispers (whisper) around her pulled her back to earth.
3．她凑近他，低声说了句话，说出了她保守已久的秘密。
She__leaned__in__close__to__him__and__spoke__in__whispers/a__whisper,__revealing the secret she had been keeping for so long.
考点7 harm n．& vt. 伤害；损害 harm one's health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉 do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害 There is no harm in (one's) doing sth (某人)做某事无害处 mean/intend no harm 没有恶意 be harmful to ... ＝be of harm to ... 对……有害 harmful effect 不良影响；有害效应
1.There is no harm in taking a break and stretching your legs during a long study session.
2．我用手捂住电话，低声说我没有恶意。
I cupped my hand over the phone, whispering__I__meant/intended__no__harm．
3．长时间盯着屏幕看对我们的眼睛有害。(写作佳句)
Staring at the screen for a long time is__harmful__to__our__eyes. (harmful)
＝Staring at the screen for a long time is__of__harm/does/causes__harm__to__our__eyes．(harm n．)
＝Staring at the screen for a long time harms__our__eyes．(harm v．)
考点8 独立主格结构 用法：独立主格结构在句中作状语，修饰谓语或整个句子，可置于句首、句中或句尾，用逗号与主句隔开。表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的或结果等。 结构： 名词/代词＋doing (主动/进行) 名词/代词＋done (被动/完成) 名词/代词＋to do (未发生的动作) 名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语
1.夜幕降临，他们支起帐篷，快速地吃了个便饭。
The__night__falling,__they put up a tent and wolfed down a simplified dinner.
2．他涨红了脸，心脏怦怦直跳，跳起来，扯着嗓门喊。
Blood__rushing__to__his__face__and__heart__palpitating__fiercely,__he leapt to his feet and yelled at the top of his voice.
3．我哥哥向我走来，他的眼睛里满是担心。
My__brother__made__his__way__to__me,__his__eyes__filled__with__concern.
【北师版必修第二册写作佳句】
He visited sick children in hospitals and worked with organisations such as Save the Children,
speaking out about health, education and child protection to help those most in need.
他去看望医院的患病儿童，并与“拯救儿童”等组织合作，支持健康、教育和儿童保护等事业，帮助最需要帮助的人。
强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．He gave a thoughtful response (respond) to her question, showing that he had really considered her perspective.
2．A recent survey suggests that the majority (major) of students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.
3．I have to cancel the appointment (appoint) with you, and I will appoint my brother to__pick (pick) you up at the airport.
4．She often complains to her friends of/about feeling lonely.
5．The moment my father arrived home, I bowed my head timidly and was scared (scare) to look up at his cloudy face.
6．I feel the wind blowing (blow) through my hair.
7．It is generally believed that teachers will never be__replaced (replace) by computers in class.
8．The more exercise you do, the more energetic (energy) you will become.
9．Hearing their plan, Bernard jumped for joy, tears of happiness and gratitude welling (well) up in his eyes.
10．When I'm feeling anxious, I tend to__overthink (overthink) things and worry excessively.
二、熟词生义
1．We employed a girl to tend to the children for a few hours each day.照看
2．Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient across the board. 运营；经营
3．The child tore the wrapping paper off the gift with excitement. 撕开
4．The author decided to illustrate the children's book with colorful drawings of animals. 加插图
5．In the face of nature's might, humans often feel small and helpless. 威力
三、构词法
词缀 含义 例词
e 一是表示出来 二是表示电子 elect,__erase, emerge, escape, elaborate, elongate, erupt, evaluate, e mail, e wallet, e waste
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．I need to erase the mistake I made on the whiteboard during the math class before the next lesson starts. 消除，擦掉
2．After a long and difficult journey, a beautiful sunset emerged on the horizon, giving us hope and renewed energy. 出现
3．She was elected as the head of the Student Union due to her excellent leadership skills. 评选
4．The city of Seoul throws out about 10 tons of e－waste each year. 电子垃圾
5．Using an e wallet makes it convenient for me to pay for groceries and services without carrying cash or cards. 电子钱包
6．She couldn't escape the feeling of guilt that haunted her after the accident. 摆脱
四、补全句子
1．他创办了这一慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。(memory)
He founded the charity in__memory__of__his__late__wife．
2．面对课业的压力，我们倾向于把更多的时间花在学习上而不是体育锻炼上。(tend)
Faced with/In the face of the pressure from academic schoolwork, we__tend__to__spend__more__time__on__our__study__rather__than__physical__exercise．
3．她走出房间，脸色苍白，眼睛因哭泣而红肿。(独立主格结构)
She walked out of the room, her__face__pale__and__her__eyes__red__from__crying．
4．埃里克立刻跑到他父亲身边，在他耳边低声说了些什么。(whisper)
Eric instantly ran over to his father and whispered__something__into__his__ear．
5．两人既兴奋又感动，都流下了眼泪。(tear)
Excited and moved, both__of__them__were__in__tears．
6．老师发现学生们正在为考试而学习。(find复合结构)
The teacher found__the__students__studying for their exams.
五、长难句分析
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
句意：此外，温室周围的丝绸之路花园将带领游客体验受古丝绸之路影响的旅程，丝绸和许多植物物种就是通过这条丝绸之路首次来到英国的。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句子主干是the__Silk__Route__Garden__walks__visitors；around the greenhouse是介词短语作后置定语，修饰the Silk Route Garden；influenced by ... 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a__journey；by which是“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句，解释说明先行词the ancient Silk Road。
读写用—素养提升
一、深化阅读——明晰考向 以阅读养阅读
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer－causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco－machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco－machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse－like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco－machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self－repair.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了John Todd (约翰·托德)利用自然可以自我修复的原理建造了一个生态机器，来净化污水。
24．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A．He was fond of traveling.
B．He enjoyed being alone.
C．He had an inquiring mind.
D．He longed to be a doctor.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child ... the messes people were making.”以及第二段中的“After studying agriculture ... fish can eat cancer causing chemicals？”可推知，John好学爱问。故选C。
25．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A．To feed the animals.
B．To build an ecosystem.
C．To protect the plants.
D．To test the eco－machine.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results ... all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被完全消化了，只剩下纯净水。)”可知，John把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
26．What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A．To review John's research plans.
B．To show an application of John's idea.
C．To compare John's different jobs.
D．To erase doubts about John's invention.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years ... a city in southeast China.”可知，本段主旨为John承担了许多重大工作，其中包括设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。由此可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示John想法的应用。故选B。
27．What is the basis for John's work
A．Nature can repair itself.
B．Organisms need water to survive.
C．Life on Earth is diverse.
D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“You put organisms in ... ways to self repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统发展自己的自我修复方式。)”可知，John工作的基础原理是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
推断写作意图题类——“分门别类”法
1．看主旨：根据文章或段落主旨推断作者的写作目的。
2．看文体类别
①故事类：to tell a story/to share an experience/to amuse/entertain readers；
②广告应用类：to sell a product/to attract visitors/to promote sth；
③科普说明类：to introduce/explain；
④议论类：to argue/prove/analyze/show；
⑤新闻类：to inform/report。
3．看写作手法
①在文章开头提出问题；
②介绍与主题有关的事物；
③举例或引用某人的话。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材 情绪描写——尴尬、羞愧(二)
脸颊因羞愧/尴尬而发烫 cheeks burned with shame/embarrassment
羞愧地低头 drop/duck/lower one's head with embarrassment/shame
血液涌上脸颊 blood rushes to one's face/cheeks
躲避目光 avoid eye contact/one's gaze
尴尬地说 utter with a deep sense of shame/embarrassment
羞愧得要死 be struck dead with shame/embarrassment
尴尬得想钻地缝 so embarrassed was sb that sb want the floor to open up and consume/swallow sb
心里有蚂蚁爬 one's heart seems to have tens of thousands of ants crawling
空气凝结 air seemed to disappear/stand still
西红柿一样的脸 one's face turns into a tomato
羞愧爬上脸颊 a flush/blush of embarrassment came to/crept upon one's cheeks/face
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·江苏省南通市如皋市高三质量检测)
Volunteer Summer Camp for
Teens in Costa Rica
Are you 16 or 17 years old and wanting to volunteer abroad this summer International Volunteer HQ's Summer Camp for teen volunteers is an awesome way for you to spend part of your summer holidays contributing towards important community initiatives and learning about Costa Rican culture.
What to expect and how to make an impact
The Teen Volunteer Summer Camp is an incredible cultural immersion experience available to solo volunteers aged 16 and 17 and the whole process is accompanied.
Participants will take part in planned activities including volunteering in local community projects, taking salsa (萨尔萨舞曲) lessons, going on cultural adventures, and joining nature tours led by our professional guides.
The Volunteer Teen Camp has two available start dates in June and July. The first is available on June 30th and participants can join for a 1～3 week duration. The second start date is July 14th for a maximum of 1 week.
Why join the Volunteer Summer Camp
When you volunteer as a teen in Costa Rica, you'll be adding value to the local community, while also developing personally and professionally by:
*Contributing to community driven volunteer projects
*Developing your communication skills
*Learning about Costa Rica's culture, food and history
*Discovering Costa Rica's beautiful beaches, national parks and cities
Volunteer requirements：
*Volunteers must provide parental agreement to participate in the program.
*Volunteers must provide two character reference letters.
*All volunteers are required to have enough volunteer travel insurance.
*All volunteers must speak fluent English.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了哥斯达黎加的青少年志愿者夏令营活动，包括活动目的、参加条件等。
1．What can volunteers do in the camp
A．Go on outdoor adventures.
B．Take guided nature tours.
C．Organize local projects.
D．Instruct dance lessons.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据What to expect and how to make an impact？部分第二段“Participants will take part in ... our professional guides.”可知，志愿者会在国外参加由专业导游带领的自然之旅。故选B。
2．How can participants benefit from the summer camp
A．Gain rich experience in salsa.
B．Build confidence in their culture.
C．Have a good time with their parents.
D．Better their skills in communication.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Why join the Volunteer Summer Camp？部分中的“Developing your communication skills”可知，志愿者会在夏令营中提高自己与他人的沟通技能。故选D。
3．What is needed to apply for the camp
A．Being accompanied by one of parents.
B．Having relevant volunteer experience.
C．Offering two letters of recommendation.
D．Having at least three weeks of free time.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Volunteer requirements部分中的“Volunteers must provide two character reference letters.”可知，参加者需要有两封推荐信。故选C。
B
(2025·山东省威海市乳山市银滩高级中学高三月考)A team of researchers looked at a decade's worth of responses to an online survey about morals and analyzed how these responses changed from one season to the next. Their findings suggest that, at a population level, people are less likely to endorse (赞成) more traditional moral values in summer and winter. The researchers relied on data from a website called YourMorals.org, which offers a “moral foundations questionnaire” where respondents can rate how strongly they agree or disagree that something is right or wrong.
The questions were based on moral foundations theory to explore why morality seems to follow similar patterns across populations from very different cultures. According to the theory, morality can be broken down into five foundational values care, fairness, loyalty, authority, and purity—and these belong to two groups: individualizing values and binding values.
The seasonal pattern in response was not evident for all types of values. For instance, individualizing values, focusing on the morality of individual rights, showed little variation over time and didn't follow a seasonal trend. However, binding values—that prioritize the needs of one's group, including loyalty, respect for authority, and purity of tradition—followed a biannual pattern.
To attempt to better understand the results, the researchers also looked at patterns in Google search results related to anxiety. What they found was that population level patterns in anxiety also followed a seasonal cycle peaking in the spring and fall, which suggests a potential correlation (关联性). Spring and fall are often thought of as the most pleasant seasons, so an increase in anxiety during these times might seem unexpected. But it's possible that increases in school and work related changes during these times could play some role. They also suggest that anxiety might decrease in winter due to seasonal holidays, and in summer due to warmer weather and increased vegetation.
“We often think of moral values as these unchangeable principles that we hold close，” Professor Hohm says. But they're actually subject to all kinds of influences that might pass us by unnoticed. Being aware of how that happens could help us better understand and plan for seasonal shifts.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们的道德观念随季节而变化。
4．Which will not follow a seasonal trend
A．Purity of tradition.
B．Loyalty to one's party.
C．Fairness among people.
D．Respect for authority.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For instance ... a seasonal trend. (例如，注重个人权利道德性的个体化价值观，在时间上几乎没有变化，也没有遵循季节趋势。)”可推知，人与人之间的公平属于个人权利道德性个体化价值观，不遵循季节趋势。故选C。
5．Why do people feel most anxious in spring and autumn
A．Changes in temperature.
B．Increased holiday expenses.
C．Reduction in vegetable varieties.
D．New challenges from school and work.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Spring and fall are often thought ... play some role.(春天和秋天通常被认为是最愉快的季节，所以在这段时间增加焦虑似乎是出乎意料的。但在这段时间里，与学校和工作相关的变化可能会起到一些作用。)”可知，春秋季的焦虑来自学校和工作的新挑战。故选D。
6．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Moral values are steady.
B．Moral principles are changeable.
C．Moral influences may be ignored.
D．Moral changes can affect plan making.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，道德价值观受到各种各样因素的影响，道德上的改变会影响计划的制定。故选D。
7．What is the passage mainly about
A．Our morals change with the seasons.
B．Anxiety rises when we feel threatened.
C．Seasons influence our minds and behaviors.
D．Individualizing values and binding values differ.
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“A team of researchers ... in summer and winter.(一组研究人员研究了10年来一项关于道德的在线调查的回答，并分析了这些回答在不同季节的变化。他们的研究结果表明，就总体而言，人们在夏天和冬天不太可能认同更传统的道德价值观。)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了我们的道德观念随季节而变化。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·山西省三晋名校高三月考)Extensive scientific research has underlined the deep impact of gratitude on human mental and physical health. Studies have consistently shown that individuals who consciously count their blessings are happier and less likely to be depressed. __1__. It can also enhance physical health, leading to fewer aches and pains and promoting healthier lifestyle choices such as regular exercise and check ups.
Gratitude also plays a critical role in stress management and emotional resilience. __2__. Over time, this helps manage daily stress and enhances our mental resilience, allowing us to recover more quickly from hurt.
One of the most effective ways to foster gratitude is to keep a journal about the things you're grateful for. __3__. Writing them down not only reinforces these feelings but also serves as a reminder of the positive aspects of your life, especially useful during tougher times.
__4__. This could be thanking colleagues for their help on a project, friends for their support, or family members for their love and care. Expressing gratitude strengthens relationships and opens up a cycle of positivity and appreciation that benefits both the giver and the receiver.
Take a few minutes each evening to review the events of the day and identify moments of joy and accomplishment. This reflection can help you end the day on a positive note, regardless of the challenges you face. __5__．
A．Think back to a challenge you faced this week
B．But the benefits of gratitude go beyond emotional well being
C．Another impactful practice is to express gratitude to others in words
D．Appreciating what we have relieves stress related negative emotions
E．What's more, it can also significantly improve your overall well being
F．This includes noting moments, people, or possessions that bring joy or comfort
G．Expressing gratitude to others can make them feel deeply valued and appreciated
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了感恩对人类心理和身体健康的深远影响，并给出了一些培养感恩心态的有效方法。
1．答案：B
解析：上文“Extensive scientific research ... less likely to be depressed.”提到了感恩对心理健康的积极影响；下文“It can also ... and check ups.”说明对身体健康的好处，B项(但感恩的好处不仅限于情绪健康)承上启下。故选B。
2．答案：D
解析：根据上文“Gratitude also plays a critical role in stress management and emotional resilience. (感恩在压力管理和情绪恢复方面也起着关键作用。)”可知，本空应承接上文，指出感恩如何对压力管理和情绪恢复起作用。D项(欣赏我们所拥有的可以缓解与压力相关的负面情绪)符合语境。故选D。
3．答案：F
解析：根据上文“One of the most ... you're grateful for. (培养感激之情的最有效方法之一是写日记，记下你感激的事情。)”可知，本空应承接上文，介绍记录感激的事情的具体方法。F项(这包括记下带给你快乐或安慰的时刻、人或物品)符合语境。故选F。
4．答案：C
解析：根据上文“One of the most ... you're grateful for.”和下文“This could be ... love and care. (这可以是感谢同事在一个项目上的帮助，朋友的支持，或者家人的爱和关心。)”可知，本空应承上启下，指出培养感激之情的另一个方法。C项(另一个有效的做法是用语言表达对他人的感激之情)承上启下。故选C。
5．答案：E
解析：根据上文“Take a few minutes ... the challenges you face. (每天晚上花几分钟回顾一天中发生的事情，找出快乐和有成就的时刻。这样的反思可以帮助你以积极的态度结束一天，不管你面临的挑战是什么。)”可知，本空应承接上文，指出反思的其他好处。E项(更重要的是，它还可以显著改善你的整体健康状况)承接上文。故选E。
24(共93张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
第一编 教材复习
必修第三册
UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
单元话题 语法 写作
道德与美德 v.-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语 对一篇寓言故事的评论
教材深挖
高效课时作业
目录
CONTENTS
2
3
高效晨背
1
高效晨背
一 背记单词/词块
◎道德
1．________ adj. 道德的 n. 道德
2．________ n. 高尚的道德
3．___________ n. 道德原则
moral
virtue
principle
◎状态
4．________ n. 进退两难的境地
5．________________ 道德困境
6．________ vi. 昏倒
7．passive adj. __________________
8．pregnant adj. ________________
9．spill vt.& vi. ___________________
10．limp vi. _____________________
11．________ n. 眼泪
12．________ n. 绝望
13．might n. ________________
dilemma
moral dilemma
faint
被动的；顺从的
怀孕的；妊娠的
(使)洒出；(使)溢出
跛行；一瘸一拐地走
tear
despair
力量；威力
◎教育
14．illustrate vt. _____________________
15．tuition n. ________________
16．fee n. ___________________
17．tuition fees _______
18．union n. ____________________
19．____________ n. 奖学金
20．________ vt. 发表
21．kindergarten n. _________________
22．chairman n. ________________
给(书或文章)加插图
(小组)教学；讲课
专业服务费；报酬
学费
协会；联合会；工会
scholarship
publish
学前班；幼儿园
主席；主持人
◎职业
23．_______ vt. 聘任
24．physician n. ______________________
25．resident physician ____________
26．colleague n. ________________
27．_______ n. 员工
28．insurance n. ________________
29．waitress n. __________________________
30．income n. _______________
hire
医师；(尤指)内科医生
住院医师
同事；同僚
staff
保险；保险业
(餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者
收入；收益
◎地点
31．clinic n. ________________
32．pole n. ________________
33．café n. ____________________
34．court n. ________________________________
◎物品
35．________ n．& vt. 进口
36．________ n．& vt. 出口
37．maple n. ________________
38．cart n. ___________________
诊所；门诊部
(行星的)极；地极
咖啡馆；小餐馆
(网球等的)球场；法院；法庭
import
export
枫树；槭树
手推车；运货马车
◎描述词
39．________ adj. 珍稀的
40．faraway adj. ________________
41．elsewhere adv. ________________
42．per prep. ________________
43．therefore adv. ________________
◎其他
44．entrust vt. ________________
45．decade n. ________________
46．__________ vi.& vt. 悄声说
precious
遥远的
在别处；去别处
每；每一
因此；所以
委托；交付
十年；十年期
whisper
47．midnight n. ________________
48．lap n. ____________________________________
49．________ vt.& vi. 咬
50．lip n. _________
51．__________ n. 记忆力
52．chain n. ______________________________
53．________ vt. 装扮
54．fable n. ________________
子夜；午夜
(坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈
bite
嘴唇
memory
一连串(人或事)；链子；链条
disguise
寓言；寓言故事
二 词形变化
1.marry v. 结婚→___________ n. 结婚；婚姻
2．major adj. 主要的→________ n. 大部分
3．complain vi.& vt. 抱怨→____________ n. 抱怨
4．respond vt. 回答→___________ n. 反应
5．reject vt. 拒绝接受→________ n. 拒绝接受
6．appoint vt. 任命；安排→__________ adj. 约定的→___________ n. 约会；约定
7．elect vt. 选举→________ n. 选举
marriage
majority
complaint
response
rejection
appointed
appointment
election
8．tend vt. 照顾→___________ n. 趋势
9．retire vi.& vt. 退休→________ adj. 退休的→____________ n. 退休
10．save vt. 救→________ n. 节省物
11．scare vt. 惊吓→________ adj. 害怕的→________ adj. 令人恐惧的
12．sharp adj. 急剧的→________ vt. 削尖→________ adv. 急剧地
13．replace vt. 接替→____________ n. 替换
14．accident n. 事故→___________ adj. 意外的→____________ adv. 偶然地
15．operate vt.& vi. 做手术→__________ n. 手术→________ n. 操作员
tendency
retired
retirement
saving
scared
scary
sharpen
sharply
replacement
accidental
accidentally
operation
operator
16．assist vt. 帮助→___________ n. 帮助→__________ n. 助理
17．harm n．& vt. 伤害→_________ adj. 有害的→_____________ adv. 有害地→___________ adj. 无害的
18．flexible adj. 灵活的→________ adv. 灵活地→___________ n. 灵活性
19．tense adj. 紧张的→________ n. 紧张关系
assistance
assistant
harmless
harmful
harmfully
flexibly
flexibility
tension
1．She __________ a German, but the _________ lasted only three years.(marry)
2．Eating too much every day is ________ to our health; that is to say, eating too much every day does ________ to our health.(harm)
3．The resident physician often ___________ about his working conditions and I'm tired of his ___________．(complain)
4．Seeing the ________ wolf, children were very ________， but some adults managed to ________ the beast off.(scare)
married
marriage
harmful
harm
complains
complaints
scary
scared
scare
5．Doctors ___________ on the injured person immediately and the ___________ was very successful.(operate)
6．My suggestion got ________ and the ___________ kept me in low spirits for a long time. (reject)
7．When he needed someone to ________ him, his ________ came to his ___________．(assist)
8．The meeting ____________________ at the shopping center, but she failed to keep the _____________， so I was very angry.(appoint)
operated
operation
rejected
rejection
assist
assistant
assistance
had been appointed
appointment
1.illustrate [熟义] vt. (举例)说明；阐明
[生义] vt. _____________________
2．respond [熟义] vt. 回答；回复
[生义] vi. _________________
3．tend [熟义] vi. 倾向；趋于
[生义] vt. _____________
三 熟词生义
给(书或文章)加插图
做出反应；回应
照顾；照料
4．operation [熟义] n. 手术
[生义] n. ________________________
5．tear [熟义] n. 眼泪；泪水
[生义] v. _________________
6．might [熟义] modal v. 可能
[生义] n. ______________
操作；运行；企业；经营
流泪；撕破；撕
力量；威力
1．When we tear one page from the calendar, it means our life has been shortened by one day.
每当我们从日历上________一页，就意味着我们的生命减少一天。
2．The professor lectured with a beaming countenance, but the students didn't respond much, only agreeing with what he said.
教授讲得眉飞色舞，学生们却没有太大的________，只是随声应和。
3．She went on to art school and is now illustrating a book.
她接着上了美术学校，现在正在给一本书________。
撕下
回应
画插图
4．I would like to tend (to) the store for you while you're away.
你不在时我愿意替你________店铺。
5．You must read the operation instructions before using this machine.
在使用这台机器之前你必须阅读________说明书。
6．During the intense debate, her words demonstrated a might of force and power that could potentially alter the audience's perspective entirely.
在那场激烈的辩论中，她的言辞展现出了不可忽视的________，可能彻底改变了观众的观点。
照看
操作
力量
1.各种“说” ①________ v. 私下抱怨说 ②________ v. 低声说 ③________ v. 坚持说 ④joke v. 开玩笑地说 ⑤add v. 继续说，补充说 ⑥murmur v. 小声说，私下抱怨说 2.考虑“费用” ①________ 费用；酬金 ②fare 车费 ③expense 花费 ④________ 费用；收费 ⑤fine 罚款 ⑥tip 小费 3.“in＋抽象名词”短语
①________ 流着泪；含着泪
②__________ 处于绝望中
③in danger 处于危险之中
④in silence 沉默地
⑤in surprise/shock 吃惊地
⑥in need 贫困的，在危难中
complain
whisper
insist
小积累 --word families
fee
charge
in tears
in despair
一 词表短语
1.____________________ 帮助某人渡过难关
2．________________ 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
3．___________ 急救
4．__________ 去世
5．________________ 作为对……的纪念
6．__________ 被……绊倒
7．__________ 流着泪；含着泪
8．_________ 处于绝望中
9．________________ 大量
carry sb through sth
tend to do sth
first aid
pass away
in memory of
trip over
in tears
in despair
a great deal (of)
选用上面的短语填空
1．Every year, a tree is planted in the park ____________________ the local hero who saved a child from drowning.
2．After the rejection of his visa application, he sat _________________， unsure of how to pursue his dreams abroad.
3．Rushing to catch the bus, he _____________ an uneven pavement, causing a crowd of people to reach out and help him up.
4．The hospital room was filled with sadness as the family gathered, remembering their loved one who ________________．
5．Stationary cars in traffic jams cause ________________ pollution.
6．White wines ____________ gain depth of colour with age.
in memory of
in despair/in tears
tripped over
had passed away
a great deal of
tend to
二 写作词块
1._______________________ 掌握丰富的知识
2．____________________________ 对社会做出贡献
3．_____________________ 引起了连锁反应
4．________________ 咬嘴唇
5．________________ 低声说话
master rich knowledge
make contributions to the society
set off a chain reaction
bite one's lips
speak in a whisper
6．___________________ 报以微笑
7．____________________________ 培养良好的道德品质
8．________________ 传统美德
9．________________________ 更灵活的方法
10．________________________ 乐于助人
11．________________ 神经紧张
12．________________ 道德准则
respond with a smile
develop good moral characters
traditional virtue
a more flexible approach
be willing to help others
nervous tension
moral principle
1．(教材P16)对一个人来说，生命是最宝贵的。如果人们把生命托付给我，我怎么能说自己冷、自己饿、自己困，而拒绝这份信任呢？(“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．(教材P16)她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。(the＋序数词＋n.＋to do sth)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired
She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.
3．(教材P17)中华人民共和国成立后，林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。(see意为“见证”的拟人用法)
__________________________________________________________________
4．(教材P20)过了一会儿，一群妇女走了过来，每个人头上都顶着一罐水。(独立主格结构)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head.
教材深挖
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．major adj.主要的 vi. 主修 n. 主修课程→________ n. 大部分；大多数
2．respond vt. 回答；回复 vi. 做出反应；回应→___________ n．反应；回答；回复
3．reject vt. 拒绝接受；不录用→__________ n. 拒绝接受；否决
4．scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕 vi. 受惊吓→________ adj. 害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→________ adj. 令人恐惧的
majority
response
rejection
scared
scary
5．retire vi.& vt. 退休；退职；退出→____________ adj. 已退休的；已退职的→____________ n. 退休
6．energy n. 精力；活力；能量→__________ adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的
7．assist vt. 帮助；援助→__________ n. 帮助；援助→________ n. 助理；助手
8．harm n．& vt. 伤害；损害→________ adj. 有害的→________ adv. 有害地→__________ adj. 无害的；不致伤害的
9．flexible adj. 灵活的；可变通的→________ adv. 灵活地→__________ n. 灵活性
10．tend vt. 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于→__________ n. 趋势
retired
retirement
energetic
assistance
assistant
harmful
harmfully
harmless
flexibly
flexibility
tendency
1.exceed/Ik'si d/v. ___________ 2．disheartening/dIs'hɑ tnI /adj. ______________ 3．guardian/'ɡɑ di n/n. ____________ 4．proficiency/pr 'fI ( )nsi/n. ________________ 5.rational/'r ( )n l/adj. ________________
6．chilly/'t Ili/adj. ________________
7．confess/k n'fes/v. ________________
8．whatsoever/ w ts 'ev (r)/adv. _________________________
拔高词汇— 高分必备
超过，超出
使人沮丧的
保护者；监护人
熟练；娴熟
合理的；理性的
寒冷的；冷淡的
供认，招供；承认
丝毫(用于强调否定句)
二、重点语块
Her forgetfulness often makes her ________________ (容易忘记) important details, but her determined friend always __________________ (帮她渡过) life's challenges. In a ________________ (道德困境), he had to choose between helping her and fulfilling a long standing commitment to another friend. However, his loyalty to her never wavered, and he chose to be by her side whenever she needed him. To honor their friendship, they planted a tree ______________ (纪念) all the moments they'd shared. Once, when she was injured, he quickly administered ____________ (急救), preventing the situation from ________________________ (引起连锁反应) of panic. Seeing his friend _________ (含着泪) due to the pain, he comforted her with ______________ (大量的) care and patience, never leaving her side even when she felt ____________ (处于绝望中)．
tend to forget
carries her through
moral dilemma
in memory of
first aid
setting off a chain reaction
in tears
a great deal of
in despair
三、重点句式
1．在这个小镇上，没有一家餐厅比“老地方”更受欢迎。(“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义)
In this small town, _______________________________________________.
2．随着夜幕降临，星星开始在天空中闪烁。(独立主格结构)
________________， the stars began to twinkle in the sky.
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P16】林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
no restaurant is more popular than the “Old Place”
Night falling
These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman, and what carried her through a life of hard choices.
2．【教材P16】林巧稚五岁时母亲病故，这对她影响极大。
____________________________________________________________________
3．【教材P17】然而，她的心却在别处。
____________________________________________________________________
4．【教材P18】不幸的是，白求恩医生于次年11月去世，并被埋葬在石家庄。
____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
As a five－year－old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother's death.
Her heart, however, was elsewhere.
Sadly, Dr Bethune passed away in November the following year and was buried in Shijiazhuang.
硬核考点
考点1 complain vi.& vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
complain (to sb) of/about (doing) sth (向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某人)就(做)某事发牢骚
complain (to sb) that ... (向某人)抱怨……
make a complaint about sth 抱怨/投诉某事
1.One day Jake came home from school and _____________ (complain) as usual. He grumbled about everything that made him unhappy, his face clouded with gloom.
2．We need to focus on finding a solution to the problem, rather than just complaining __________ it.
3．我写信是为了投诉我从你们网站上买的夹克。我很遗憾地说它出了问题。(写作佳句)
I'm writing to ____________________________________________________. I regret to say that there's something wrong with it.(complain)
＝I'm writing to _________________________________________________________. I regret to say that there's something wrong with it.(complaint)
complained
of/about
complain of/about the jacket which I bought from your website
make a complaint about the jacket which I bought from your website
考点2 respond vt. 回答；回复 vi. 做出反应；回应
respond to 对……做出反应
in response to 回应/响应……
make (a) response to对……做出反应
1.(2024·浙江高考1月)A similar process is at work in our ___________ (respond) to information.
2．Knowing basic first aid techniques will help you respond quickly ________ emergencies.
3．She opened her little pink purse and pulled out a five dollar bill. “Oh, good. I'll pay you back when we get home，” I ___________________________ (松了一口气回答道)．
4．为了回应您对我校每年举办的步行者活动的询问，我写信详细说明一些细节。(写作佳句)
________________________________ the Trail walker Activity held annually by my school, I'm writing to elaborate on some details.
response
to
responded with a sigh of relief
In response to your inquiry about
考点3 appoint vt. 任命；委派
appoint sb as/to be ... 任命某人为……
appoint sb to do sth 委派某人做某事
make/have an appointment (with sb) (与某人)约会/预约
keep the appointment 遵守约定
by appointment 按照约定
1．The university appointed him ________ (teach) the advanced physics course, acknowledging his deep understanding of the subject.
2．The school board appointed Mrs Smith ________ the new principal, praising her dedication and commitment to education.
3．她约了发型师为即将到来的活动做一个新发型。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 我写信是向你道歉，我不能遵守我们上周五定下的约会了。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
to teach
as
She made/had an appointment with her hairstylist to get a new hairstyle for the upcoming event.
I am writing to apologize to you that I cannot keep the appointment that we made last Friday.
考点4 tend vt. 照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于
tend to do sth 倾向于做某事；往往会发生某事
tend (to) sb 照顾某人
have a tendency to/towards 有……的倾向
have a tendency to do sth 有做某事的倾向
1.(2024·全国甲卷)However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend _____________ (produce) stretched and soft meows.
2．As a Senior 3 student, it is normal that you have a _______ (tend) to get anxious with time going by.
3．While I hate to admit it, people always _________________________________ ___________ (倾向于以貌取人)．
4．事故发生后，社区中心的志愿者照顾伤者，为他们提供急救和安慰。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
to produce
tendency
tend to judge a person by his or her
appearance
After the accident, the volunteers from the community center tended to the injured, providing them with first aid and comfort.
【外研版必修第三册写作佳句】
He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile.
他真的改变了这些孩子的生活。他的脸上终于露出了高兴的笑容。
考点5 replace vt. 接替；取代；更换
replace ... with/by ... 用……替换……
be replaced by ... 被……替换/取代
take the place of＝take one's place＝be in place of 代替
1.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)After harvest, users simply replace the plants ________ a new pre seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
2．在未来，计算机可能会完全取代人类。
Computers may replace human being completely in the future.
＝Computers may ________________ human being completely in the future.
＝Computers may ________________________ completely in the future.
＝Computers may ________________ human being completely in the future.
3．一种力量立刻取代了简脑海中不断增加的恐惧和焦虑。
____________________________________________________________________
with
take the place of
take human being's place
be in place of
A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Jane's mind.
考点6 whisper vi.& vt. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
whisper sth to sb 向某人低声说某事
whisper to sb that ... 轻声对某人说……
in a whisper/whispers 低声地；耳语地
1.Wearing a radiant smile, Edun approached Mom and hugged her, ______________ (whisper), “Mom, thank you for everything you have done for me.”
2．Emily abruptly covered her wide opened mouth, feeling as if her heart would jump out. However, ___________ (whisper) around her pulled her back to earth.
3．她凑近他，低声说了句话，说出了她保守已久的秘密。
__________________________________________________， revealing the secret she had been keeping for so long.
whispering
whispers
She leaned in close to him and spoke in whispers/a whisper
考点7 harm n．& vt. 伤害；损害
harm one's health/image/reputation 损害某人的健康/形象/名誉
do/cause harm to sb＝do/cause sb harm 对某人造成损害/伤害
There is no harm in (one's) doing sth (某人)做某事无害处
mean/intend no harm 没有恶意
be harmful to ... ＝be of harm to ... 对……有害
harmful effect 不良影响；有害效应
1.There is no harm ________ taking a break and stretching your legs during a long study session.
2．我用手捂住电话，低声说我没有恶意。
I cupped my hand over the phone, ___________________________________．
3．长时间盯着屏幕看对我们的眼睛有害。(写作佳句)
Staring at the screen for a long time _____________________. (harmful)
＝Staring at the screen for a long time _____________________________________．
(harm n．)
＝Staring at the screen for a long time ________________．(harm v．)
in
whispering I meant/intended no harm
is harmful to our eyes
is of harm/does/causes harm to our eyes
harms our eyes
考点8 独立主格结构
用法：独立主格结构在句中作状语，修饰谓语或整个句子，可置于句首、句中或句尾，用逗号与主句隔开。表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的或结果等。
结构：
名词/代词＋doing (主动/进行)
名词/代词＋done (被动/完成)
名词/代词＋to do (未发生的动作)
名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语
1.夜幕降临，他们支起帐篷，快速地吃了个便饭。
________________， they put up a tent and wolfed down a simplified dinner.
2．他涨红了脸，心脏怦怦直跳，跳起来，扯着嗓门喊。
________________________________________________， he leapt to his feet and yelled at the top of his voice.
3．我哥哥向我走来，他的眼睛里满是担心。
____________________________________________________________________
The night falling
Blood rushing to his face and heart palpitating fiercely
My brother made his way to me, his eyes filled with concern.
【北师版必修第二册写作佳句】
He visited sick children in hospitals and worked with organisations such as Save the Children,
speaking out about health, education and child protection to help those most in need.
他去看望医院的患病儿童，并与“拯救儿童”等组织合作，支持健康、教育和儿童保护等事业，帮助最需要帮助的人。
强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．He gave a thoughtful __________ (respond) to her question, showing that he had really considered her perspective.
2．A recent survey suggests that the __________ (major) of students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.
3．I have to cancel the ______________ (appoint) with you, and I will appoint my brother ________ (pick) you up at the airport.
4．She often complains to her friends ________ feeling lonely.
response
majority
appointment
to pick
of/about
5．The moment my father arrived home, I bowed my head timidly and was ________ (scare) to look up at his cloudy face.
6．I feel the wind __________ (blow) through my hair.
7．It is generally believed that teachers will never _______________ (replace) by computers in class.
8．The more exercise you do, the more __________ (energy) you will become.
9．Hearing their plan, Bernard jumped for joy, tears of happiness and gratitude ________ (well) up in his eyes.
10．When I'm feeling anxious, I tend _____________ (overthink) things and worry excessively.
scared
blowing
be replaced
energetic
welling
to overthink
二、熟词生义
1．We employed a girl to tend to the children for a few hours each day.____________
2．Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient across the board. ____________
3．The child tore the wrapping paper off the gift with excitement. ____________
4．The author decided to illustrate the children's book with colorful drawings of animals. ____________
5．In the face of nature's might, humans often feel small and helpless. ____________
照看
运营；经营
撕开
加插图
威力
词缀 含义 例词
e 一是表示______ 二是表示______ ________, erase, emerge, escape, elaborate, elongate, erupt, evaluate, e mail, e wallet, e waste
三、构词法
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．I need to erase the mistake I made on the whiteboard during the math class before the next lesson starts. ____________
2．After a long and difficult journey, a beautiful sunset emerged on the horizon, giving us hope and renewed energy. ____________
出来
电子
elect
消除，擦掉
出现
3．She was elected as the head of the Student Union due to her excellent leadership skills. ____________
4．The city of Seoul throws out about 10 tons of e－waste each year. ____________
5．Using an e wallet makes it convenient for me to pay for groceries and services without carrying cash or cards. ____________
6．She couldn't escape the feeling of guilt that haunted her after the accident. ____________
评选
电子垃圾
电子钱包
摆脱
四、补全句子
1．他创办了这一慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。(memory)
He founded the charity __________________________．
2．面对课业的压力，我们倾向于把更多的时间花在学习上而不是体育锻炼上。(tend)
Faced with/In the face of the pressure from academic schoolwork, ____________________________________________________________．
in memory of his late wife
we tend to spend more time on our study rather than physical exercise
3．她走出房间，脸色苍白，眼睛因哭泣而红肿。(独立主格结构)
She walked out of the room, ________________________________________．
4．埃里克立刻跑到他父亲身边，在他耳边低声说了些什么。(whisper)
Eric instantly ran over to his father and ________________________________．
5．两人既兴奋又感动，都流下了眼泪。(tear)
Excited and moved, ______________________．
6．老师发现学生们正在为考试而学习。(find复合结构)
The teacher ________________________ for their exams.
her face pale and her eyes red from crying
whispered something into his ear
both of them were in tears
found the students studying
五、长难句分析
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
句意：此外，温室周围的丝绸之路花园将带领游客体验受古丝绸之路影响的旅程，丝绸和许多植物物种就是通过这条丝绸之路首次来到英国的。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句子主干是_______________________________；around the greenhouse是介词短语作__________，修饰the Silk Route Garden；influenced by ... 是过去分词短语作__________，修饰__________；by which是“介词＋which”引导的_______________从句，解释说明先行词the ancient Silk Road。
the Silk Route Garden walks visitors
后置定语
后置定语
a journey
非限制性定语
读写用—素养提升
一、深化阅读——明晰考向 以阅读养阅读
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌) Which kinds of fish can eat cancer－causing chemicals With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco－machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco－machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse－like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1，600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco－machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self－repair.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了John Todd (约翰·托德)利用自然可以自我修复的原理建造了一个生态机器，来净化污水。
24．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs
A．He was fond of traveling.
B．He enjoyed being alone.
C．He had an inquiring mind.
D．He longed to be a doctor.
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child ... the messes people were making.”以及第二段中的“After studying agriculture ... fish can eat cancer causing chemicals？”可推知，John好学爱问。故选C。
25．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks
A．To feed the animals.
B．To build an ecosystem.
C．To protect the plants.
D．To test the eco－machine.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results ... all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被完全消化了，只剩下纯净水。)”可知，John把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
26．What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou
A．To review John's research plans.
B．To show an application of John's idea.
C．To compare John's different jobs.
D．To erase doubts about John's invention.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years ... a city in southeast China.”可知，本段主旨为John承担了许多重大工作，其中包括设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。由此可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示John想法的应用。故选B。
27．What is the basis for John's work
A．Nature can repair itself.
B．Organisms need water to survive.
C．Life on Earth is diverse.
D．Most tiny creatures live in groups.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“You put organisms in ... ways to self repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统发展自己的自我修复方式。)”可知，John工作的基础原理是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
推断写作意图题类——“分门别类”法
1．看主旨：根据文章或段落主旨推断作者的写作目的。
2．看文体类别
①故事类：to tell a story/to share an experience/to amuse/entertain readers；
②广告应用类：to sell a product/to attract visitors/to promote sth；
③科普说明类：to introduce/explain；
④议论类：to argue/prove/analyze/show；
⑤新闻类：to inform/report。
3．看写作手法
①在文章开头提出问题；
②介绍与主题有关的事物；
③举例或引用某人的话。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材 情绪描写——尴尬、羞愧(二)
脸颊因羞愧/尴尬而发烫 cheeks burned with shame/embarrassment
羞愧地低头 drop/duck/lower one's head with embarrassment/shame
血液涌上脸颊 blood rushes to one's face/cheeks
躲避目光 avoid eye contact/one's gaze
尴尬地说 utter with a deep sense of shame/embarrassment
羞愧得要死 be struck dead with shame/embarrassment
尴尬得想钻地缝 so embarrassed was sb that sb want the floor to open up and consume/swallow sb
心里有蚂蚁爬 one's heart seems to have tens of thousands of ants crawling
空气凝结 air seemed to disappear/stand still
西红柿一样的脸 one's face turns into a tomato
羞愧爬上脸颊 a flush/blush of embarrassment came to/crept upon one's cheeks/face
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·江苏省南通市如皋市高三质量检测)
Volunteer Summer Camp for Teens in Costa Rica
Are you 16 or 17 years old and wanting to volunteer abroad this summer International Volunteer HQ's Summer Camp for teen volunteers is an awesome way for you to spend part of your summer holidays contributing towards important community initiatives and learning about Costa Rican culture.
What to expect and how to make an impact
The Teen Volunteer Summer Camp is an incredible cultural immersion experience available to solo volunteers aged 16 and 17 and the whole process is accompanied.
Participants will take part in planned activities including volunteering in local community projects, taking salsa (萨尔萨舞曲) lessons, going on cultural adventures, and joining nature tours led by our professional guides.
The Volunteer Teen Camp has two available start dates in June and July. The first is available on June 30th and participants can join for a 1～3 week duration. The second start date is July 14th for a maximum of 1 week.
Why join the Volunteer Summer Camp
When you volunteer as a teen in Costa Rica, you'll be adding value to the local community, while also developing personally and professionally by:
*Contributing to community driven volunteer projects
*Developing your communication skills
*Learning about Costa Rica's culture, food and history
*Discovering Costa Rica's beautiful beaches, national parks and cities
Volunteer requirements：
*Volunteers must provide parental agreement to participate in the program.
*Volunteers must provide two character reference letters.
*All volunteers are required to have enough volunteer travel insurance.
*All volunteers must speak fluent English.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了哥斯达黎加的青少年志愿者夏令营活动，包括活动目的、参加条件等。
1．What can volunteers do in the camp
A．Go on outdoor adventures.
B．Take guided nature tours.
C．Organize local projects.
D．Instruct dance lessons.
解析：细节理解题。根据What to expect and how to make an impact？部分第二段“Participants will take part in ... our professional guides.”可知，志愿者会在国外参加由专业导游带领的自然之旅。故选B。
2．How can participants benefit from the summer camp
A．Gain rich experience in salsa.
B．Build confidence in their culture.
C．Have a good time with their parents.
D．Better their skills in communication.
解析：细节理解题。根据Why join the Volunteer Summer Camp？部分中的“Developing your communication skills”可知，志愿者会在夏令营中提高自己与他人的沟通技能。故选D。
3．What is needed to apply for the camp
A．Being accompanied by one of parents.
B．Having relevant volunteer experience.
C．Offering two letters of recommendation.
D．Having at least three weeks of free time.
解析：细节理解题。根据Volunteer requirements部分中的“Volunteers must provide two character reference letters.”可知，参加者需要有两封推荐信。故选C。
B
(2025·山东省威海市乳山市银滩高级中学高三月考)A team of researchers looked at a decade's worth of responses to an online survey about morals and analyzed how these responses changed from one season to the next. Their findings suggest that, at a population level, people are less likely to endorse (赞成) more traditional moral values in summer and winter. The researchers relied on data from a website called YourMorals.org, which offers a “moral foundations questionnaire” where respondents can rate how strongly they agree or disagree that something is right or wrong.
The questions were based on moral foundations theory to explore why morality seems to follow similar patterns across populations from very different cultures. According to the theory, morality can be broken down into five foundational values care, fairness, loyalty, authority, and purity—and these belong to two groups: individualizing values and binding values.
The seasonal pattern in response was not evident for all types of values. For instance, individualizing values, focusing on the morality of individual rights, showed little variation over time and didn't follow a seasonal trend. However, binding values—that prioritize the needs of one's group, including loyalty, respect for authority, and purity of tradition—followed a biannual pattern.
To attempt to better understand the results, the researchers also looked at patterns in Google search results related to anxiety. What they found was that population level patterns in anxiety also followed a seasonal cycle peaking in the spring and fall, which suggests a potential correlation (关联性). Spring and fall are often thought of as the most pleasant seasons, so an increase in anxiety during these times might seem unexpected. But it's possible that increases in school and work related changes during these times could play some role. They also suggest that anxiety might decrease in winter due to seasonal holidays, and in summer due to warmer weather and increased vegetation.
“We often think of moral values as these unchangeable principles that we hold close，” Professor Hohm says. But they're actually subject to all kinds of influences that might pass us by unnoticed. Being aware of how that happens could help us better understand and plan for seasonal shifts.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们的道德观念随季节而变化。
4．Which will not follow a seasonal trend
A．Purity of tradition.
B．Loyalty to one's party.
C．Fairness among people.
D．Respect for authority.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For instance ... a seasonal trend. (例如，注重个人权利道德性的个体化价值观，在时间上几乎没有变化，也没有遵循季节趋势。)”可推知，人与人之间的公平属于个人权利道德性个体化价值观，不遵循季节趋势。故选C。
5．Why do people feel most anxious in spring and autumn
A．Changes in temperature.
B．Increased holiday expenses.
C．Reduction in vegetable varieties.
D．New challenges from school and work.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Spring and fall are often thought ... play some role.(春天和秋天通常被认为是最愉快的季节，所以在这段时间增加焦虑似乎是出乎意料的。但在这段时间里，与学校和工作相关的变化可能会起到一些作用。)”可知，春秋季的焦虑来自学校和工作的新挑战。故选D。
6．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Moral values are steady.
B．Moral principles are changeable.
C．Moral influences may be ignored.
D．Moral changes can affect plan making.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推知，道德价值观受到各种各样因素的影响，道德上的改变会影响计划的制定。故选D。
7．What is the passage mainly about
A．Our morals change with the seasons.
B．Anxiety rises when we feel threatened.
C．Seasons influence our minds and behaviors.
D．Individualizing values and binding values differ.
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“A team of researchers ... in summer and winter.(一组研究人员研究了10年来一项关于道德的在线调查的回答，并分析了这些回答在不同季节的变化。他们的研究结果表明，就总体而言，人们在夏天和冬天不太可能认同更传统的道德价值观。)”及全文内容可知，本文介绍了我们的道德观念随季节而变化。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·山西省三晋名校高三月考)Extensive scientific research has underlined the deep impact of gratitude on human mental and physical health. Studies have consistently shown that individuals who consciously count their blessings are happier and less likely to be depressed. __1__. It can also enhance physical health, leading to fewer aches and pains and promoting healthier lifestyle choices such as regular exercise and check ups.
Gratitude also plays a critical role in stress management and emotional resilience. __2__. Over time, this helps manage daily stress and enhances our mental resilience, allowing us to recover more quickly from hurt.
One of the most effective ways to foster gratitude is to keep a journal about the things you're grateful for. __3__. Writing them down not only reinforces these feelings but also serves as a reminder of the positive aspects of your life, especially useful during tougher times.
__4__. This could be thanking colleagues for their help on a project, friends for their support, or family members for their love and care. Expressing gratitude strengthens relationships and opens up a cycle of positivity and appreciation that benefits both the giver and the receiver.
Take a few minutes each evening to review the events of the day and identify moments of joy and accomplishment. This reflection can help you end the day on a positive note, regardless of the challenges you face. __5__．
A．Think back to a challenge you faced this week
B．But the benefits of gratitude go beyond emotional well being
C．Another impactful practice is to express gratitude to others in words
D．Appreciating what we have relieves stress related negative emotions
E．What's more, it can also significantly improve your overall well being
F．This includes noting moments, people, or possessions that bring joy or comfort
G．Expressing gratitude to others can make them feel deeply valued and appreciated
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了感恩对人类心理和身体健康的深远影响，并给出了一些培养感恩心态的有效方法。
1．答案：B
2．答案：D
解析：上文“Extensive scientific research ... less likely to be depressed.”提到了感恩对心理健康的积极影响；下文“It can also ... and check ups.”说明对身体健康的好处，B项(但感恩的好处不仅限于情绪健康)承上启下。故选B。
解析：根据上文“Gratitude also plays a critical role in stress management and emotional resilience. (感恩在压力管理和情绪恢复方面也起着关键作用。)”可知，本空应承接上文，指出感恩如何对压力管理和情绪恢复起作用。D项(欣赏我们所拥有的可以缓解与压力相关的负面情绪)符合语境。故选D。
3．答案：F
4．答案：C
解析：根据上文“One of the most ... you're grateful for. (培养感激之情的最有效方法之一是写日记，记下你感激的事情。)”可知，本空应承接上文，介绍记录感激的事情的具体方法。F项(这包括记下带给你快乐或安慰的时刻、人或物品)符合语境。故选F。
解析：根据上文“One of the most ... you're grateful for.”和下文“This could be ... love and care. (这可以是感谢同事在一个项目上的帮助，朋友的支持，或者家人的爱和关心。)”可知，本空应承上启下，指出培养感激之情的另一个方法。C项(另一个有效的做法是用语言表达对他人的感激之情)承上启下。故选C。
5．答案：E
解析：根据上文“Take a few minutes ... the challenges you face. (每天晚上花几分钟回顾一天中发生的事情，找出快乐和有成就的时刻。这样的反思可以帮助你以积极的态度结束一天，不管你面临的挑战是什么。)”可知，本空应承接上文，指出反思的其他好处。E项(更重要的是，它还可以显著改善你的整体健康状况)承接上文。故选E。
