高考科学复习解决方案 英语
一 背记单词/词块
◎太空
1．astronaut n. 宇航员
2．rocket n. 火箭；火箭弹
3．gravity n. 重力；引力
4．satellite n. 人造卫星；卫星
5．launch vt.& n. 发射
6．orbit n. 轨道
7．mankind n. 人类
8．transmit vt.& vi. 传输；发送
9．spacecraft n. 航天器；宇宙飞船
10．spacewalk n. 太空行走；太空行走的时间
11．module n. 舱；组件；模块
12．float vi. 浮动 vt. 使浮动
13．solar adj. 太阳的；太阳能的
14．solar system 太阳系；类太阳系
◎科技
15．procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续
16．data n. 资料；数据
17．recycle vt. 回收利用
18．telescope n. 望远镜
19．microwave n. 微波炉
20．facility n. 设施；设备
21．pattern n. 模式；图案；模范
22．monitor n. 监视器
23．smartphone n. 智能手机
◎日常生活
24．cm abbr. 厘米
25．vehicle n. 交通工具
26．agency n. (政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处
27．jade n. 玉；翡翠；玉器
28．muscle n. 肌肉；实力；影响力
29．soap n. 肥皂
30．towel n. 毛巾；抹布
31．tissue n. 纸巾
32．foam n. 泡沫橡胶；泡沫
33．pillow n. 枕头
34．resource n. 资源
35．oxygen n. 氧；氧气
◎描述词
36．giant adj. 巨大的；伟大的
37．otherwise adv. 否则
38．beyond prep. 在更远处；超出
39．current adj. 当前的
40．sufficient adj. 足够的；充足的
41．keen adj. 热衷的
42．fatal adj. 致命的；灾难性的
43．shallow adj. 肤浅的；浅的
44．high end adj. 高端的
◎其他
45．mystery n. 神秘事物；谜
46．frontier n. 边境；国界；边远地区
47．leap n. 跳跃 vi.& vt. 跃过
48．signal vt.& vi. 标志着 n. 信号
二 词形变化
1．mental adj. 精神的→mentally adv. 精神上地
2．intelligent adj. 有智慧的→intelligence n. 智慧
3．determine vt. 决定→determined adj. 有决心的→determination n. 决心
4．disappoint vt. 使失望→disappointed adj. 失望的→disappointing adj. 令人失望的→disappointment n. 失望
5．desire n．& vt. 渴望→desirable adj. 值得拥有的
6．universe n. 宇宙→universal adj. 宇宙的；普遍的
7．independent adj. 独立的→independently adv. 独立地→independence n. 独立
8．lack n. 缺乏→lacking adj. 缺乏的
9．globe n. 地球→global adj. 全球的→globally adv. 全球地
10．argue vt.& vi. 论证；争论→argument n. 争论
11．analyze v. 分析→analysis n. 分析
12．regular adj. 定期的→regularly adv. 经常
13．close v. 关闭→closing adj. 结尾的 n. 停业
14．attach vt. 系→attached adj. 附着的→attachment n. 附件
1．Artificial intelligence has been used in phones, which makes them seem to be intelligent. (intelligent)
2．When asked whether he was determined to be an astronaut, the boy just looked at me with determination．(determine)
3．Though he was disappointed at the result of the examination, he tried to hide his disappointment in order not to discourage his son.(disappoint)
4．An argument about whether people should carry on with space exploration took place at the conference and some people argued that we should stop wasting time and money on it.(argue)
5．Since the country gained its independence in 1842, it has played an important role independently．(independent)
6．In closing,__the store closed due to a lack of money.(close)
7．Check the oil at regular intervals, and have the car serviced regularly．(regular)
8．My desire for a desirable house will come true in the near future.(desire)
三 熟词生义
1.gravity [熟义] n. 重力；引力
[生义] n. 严肃；严重性
2．launch [熟义] v. 发射；发起；创办 n. 发射；发起
[生义] vt.& n. 上市
3．float [熟义] vi. 浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt. 使浮动；使漂流
[生义] v. 提出；提请考虑(想法或计划)
4．beyond [熟义] prep. 超出
[生义] prep. 除……以外；在更远处
5．tissue [熟义] n. 纸巾
[生义] n. (人、动植物细胞的)组织
6．monitor [熟义] n. 班长；监视器；监测仪
[生义] vt. 监视；监测；监控
1．They held a special party to launch the new book.
他们为发行这本新书举办了一次特别的聚会。
2．I don't think you realize the gravity of the situation.
我认为你没有意识到情况的严重性。
3．Scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of sharks to predict bad weather.
科学家们也许能够监控鲨鱼的行为来预测坏天气。
4．We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house.
我们向母亲提出了住在一起的想法。
5．I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records for the spring break.
除了听听我最喜欢的唱片，我的春假没有什么其他计划。
6．Tissue that is removed during the operation is checked for signs of malignancy.
手术过程中切除的组织用于诊断疾病是否为恶性。
小积累 word families
1.“反义词”对比 ①deep 深的→shallow 浅的 ②intelligent 聪明的→foolish 愚蠢的 ③sharp 锋利的→dull 迟钝的 ④neat 整洁的→dirty 脏的 ⑤tough 艰难的→easy 容易的 2.后缀 less构成的形容词 ①limit→limitless 无限的 ②doubt→doubtless 无疑的，肯定的 ③rest→restless 不安的 ④use→useless 无用的 ⑤count→countless 无数的 3.“最终；终于” ①in__closing ②finally ③eventually ④at last ⑤in the end ⑥at length ⑦ultimately
一 词表短语
1．on__board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
2．carry__on 继续做；坚持干
3．in__the__hope__of__doing__sth 抱着……的希望
4．so__as__to__(do__sth) 为了；以便
5．figure__out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
6．result__in 导致；造成
7．as__a__result 所以；结果(是)
8．provide__for__sb 提供生活所需
9．in__closing 最后
10．run__out 用完；耗尽
选用上面的短语填空
1．He made one big mistake and, as__a__result,__lost his job.
2．In__closing,__the CEO thanked all the employees for their efforts and wished them a happy holiday season.
3．After hours of discussion, the team finally figured__out the best strategy to win the upcoming competition.
4．In__the__hope__of seeing his favorite band live, Tom saved up all his pocket money for months to buy concert tickets.
5．Effective communication strategies can result__in improved teamwork and productivity.
6．Can the human race carry__on expanding and growing the same way that it is now
二 写作词块
1．a__space__rocket 太空火箭
2．make__full__use__of__solar__energy 充分利用太阳能
3．broaden__one's__minds__and__horizons 拓宽某人的思想和视野
4．be__keen__on__science 热衷于科学
5．the__history__of__mankind 人类的历史
6．a__strong__desire__for__knowledge 强烈的求知欲
7．the__significance__and__challenges__of__space__exploration 太空探索的意义和挑战
8．a__disappointing__result/performance 令人失望的结果/表现
9．a__quest__for__scientific__discovery 对科学发现的探索
10．remarkable__accomplishment 卓越的成就
11．an__invention__for__the__good__of__all__mankind 造福全人类的一项发明
12．theories__of__how__the__universe__began 关于宇宙起源的理论
1．(教材P41)这个现代化的空间站将允许宇航员进行许多重要的实验，极大地促进我们对宇宙的了解。(动词不定式作宾语补足语)
This__modern__space__station__will__allow__astronauts__to__conduct__many__important__experiments,__greatly__furthering__our__understanding__of__the__universe.
2．(教材P42)把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
Sending__people__to__other__planets__or__even__beyond__the__solar__system__is__not__an__easy__goal__to__achieve.
3．(教材P44)首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。(动名词短语作主语)
Firstly,__exploring__space__has__already__made__a__difference__in__the__fight__against__world__hunger.
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．argue vt.& vi. 论证；争辩；争论→argument n. 争论；争吵；论点→arguable adj. 可论证的；可议的
2．universe n. 宇宙；天地万物→universal adj. 宇宙的；通用的
3．determine vt. 查明；确定；决定→determined adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的→ determination n. 决心；果断
4．desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望→desired adj. 渴望的，想要的→desirable adj. 值得拥有的，令人向往的
5．regular adj. 定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv. 经常；定期地
6．independent adj. 独立的；自立的→independently adv. 独立地；自立地→independence n. 独立；自立→depend vi. 依靠
7．globe n. 地球；世界；地球仪→global adj. 全球的；全面的→globally adv. 全球地；全面地→globalization n. 全球化
8．disappoint vt. 使失望；使破灭→disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj. 令人失望的；令人沮丧的→disappointment n. 失望；沮丧
拔高词汇— 高分必备
1.vacant/'veIk nt/adj. 空的；空缺的 2．comb/k m/v. 梳，梳理 3．painstaking/'peInzteIkI /adj. 辛苦的；勤勉的 4．trait/treIt/n. 一点，少许；特征 5.illusion/I'lu ɡn/n. 幻想；错觉 6．empathy/'emp θi/n. 同感；共情；共鸣 7．harness/'ha nIs/v. 控制，利用 8．optimize/' ptImaIz/v. 使最优化；充分利用
二、重点语块
In the history of mankind, the pursuit of understanding the universe has driven countless explorers on__board (在宇宙飞船上) space rockets, carrying__on (坚持干) their daring missions. Many are__keen__to (热衷于) do this, in__the__hope__of (抱着……的希望) discovering new worlds and making full use of solar energy, which could revolutionize our lives. As scientists figure__out (弄懂) the complexities of space travel, they utilize various sports facilities to stay physically fit, ensuring they are ready for any challenge. However, these missions don't come without risks. Miscalculations can result__in (导致) catastrophic failures, as__a__result (所以), meticulous planning is crucial. Yet, despite these hurdles, humanity persists, driven by the desire to provide__for (提供生活所需) future generations with knowledge and resources. In__closing (最后), as we continue to explore the cosmos, we must ensure that we do it so responsibly, with the passion and resources needed to sustain our journey into the unknown not running__out (耗尽)．
三、重点句式
1．她没有让情绪打败自己。(动词不定式作宾语补足语)
She didn't allow her emotions to__get__the__better__of__her．
2．借助望远镜收集的数据，宇宙的起源很容易理解。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
The__origins__of__the__universe__are__easy__to__understand,__using the data collected by the telescope.
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P41】这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
This__is__because__people__believe__in__the__importance__of__carrying__on__space__exploration__despite__the__huge__risks.
2．【教材P41】中国的太空项目起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内发展迅速。
China's__space__programme__started__later__than__those__of__Russia__and__the__US,__but__it__has__made__great__progress__in__a__short__time.
3．【教材P44】然而，另一部分人觉得这是一种肤浅的观点，没有认识到探索太空给我们带来的好处。
However,__others__feel__this__is__a__shallow__view__which__fails__to__realise__how__exploring__space__helps__us.
4．【教材P44】如今，太空技术广泛应用于各行各业，一些日用产品，如记忆海绵枕头、智能手机摄像头等，正在改变我们的生活。
Today,__space__technologies__are__widely__used__in__all__kinds__of__industries,__and__everyday__products,__such__as__memory__foam__pillows__and__smartphone__cameras,__are__changing__our__lives.
硬核考点
考点1 disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的 be disappointed to do sth 因做某事而失望 be disappointed at/with/by sth 对某事感到失望 to one's disappointment 使某人失望的是 in disappointment 失望地
1.To their disappointment, the weather forecast turned out to be wrong, and it rained all day.
2．I was disappointed to__find (find) that the concert had been canceled.
3．She didn't know who let the word out, but she was really hurt and disappointed (disappoint)．
4．我非常高兴且真诚地欢迎你来中国学习，我保证你不会失望地离开。(写作佳句)
Overwhelmed with enormous joy, I sincerely welcome you to study in China and moreover, I__bet__you__won't__leave__feeling__disappointed/in__disappointment.
考点2 desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望 desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire that ... (should) do sth 渴望……做某事 have a strong desire to do sth/for sth 迫切要做某事/急于得到某物
1.(2023·全国甲卷)Bangkok is a highly desirable (desire) destination for food lovers.
2．To achieve desired (desire) outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge.
3．From observing his mum and from his desire to__give (give) kids better drink options, he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle.
4．她有环游世界和体验不同文化的强烈愿望。
She__has__a__strong__desire__to__travel__the__world__and__experience__different__cultures.
考点3 signal vt.& vi. 标志着；标明；发信号；示意 n. 信号；标志；预示；信号灯 signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 signal (to sb) that ... 示意(某人)…… a signal (for sb) to do sth (某人)做某事的信号 traffic signals交通信号灯
1.The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, signalling (signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.(写作佳句)
2．I ran up to the car, took him by the arm and signalled him to__follow (follow) me. (写作佳句)
3．他微笑着，向我示意他愿意参加演讲比赛。(写作佳句)
He__smiled,__signalling__to__me__that__he__was__willing__to__take__part__in__the__speech__contest.
考点4 lack n. 缺乏；短缺 vt. 没有；缺乏 lack sth 缺少某物(不用于被动语态) be lacking in ... 缺少…… for lack of ... 因缺乏…… (a) lack of sth 缺乏某物
1.(2024·浙江高考1月)Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud seeding companies.
2．She felt lonely for lack of close friends to share her thoughts with.
3．由于缺乏自律，他们更容易沉迷于网上聊天或玩游戏。(写作佳句)
Because__of/Due__to__their__lack__of__self discipline,__they're more likely to be addicted to chatting online or playing games.
【外研版选择性必修第四册写作佳句】
To see even further into the universe, many countries are now engaged in building ever more advanced telescopes.
为了能更加深入地观察宇宙，很多国家开始投入研发更先进的望远镜。
考点5 argue vt.& vi.(argued; argued; arguing)论证；争辩；争论；主张；说服 argue that ... (should) do sth 主张…… argue (with sb) on/about/over sth (与某人)争辩某事 argue for/against (doing) sth 赞成/反对(做)某事 argue/talk/persuade sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 beyond argument 无可争辩；毋庸置疑
1.It is beyond argument (argue) that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.(写作佳句)
2．I thought I could argue my parents into allowing me to use my money as I wished.
3．Many environmentalists argue for reducing the use of plastic bags to protect the environment.
4．他主张学生应该对自己的教育有更多的控制权，应该能够选择自己的课程和学习途径。
He__argues__that__students__should__have__more__control__over__their__education and should be able to choose their own courses and learning paths.
考点6 attach vt. 系；绑；贴 attach ... to ... 把……系/贴/附在……之上 attach importance/significance to ... 重视……；认为……有意义 attach oneself to 依附于 attach file 附件 be attached to sb/sth 依恋/附属于/爱慕某人/某物
1.She found a box lying on the table with a card attached to it, saying “Happy birthday”.
2．In addition, I have participated in several voluntary activities, from which I have acquired rich experience. You can find my volunteer certificates in the attachment (attach). (写作佳句)
3．在学习语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。(写作佳句)
You__can__never__attach__too__much__importance__to__reading__during__the__process__of__learning__a__language.
考点7 result in 导致；造成 result from＝arise from 由……造成；因……而产生 as a result/consequences 因此；结果 as a result of 因为；由于 without result 没有结果；徒劳地 with the result that 导致，结果是
1.As is known to us, positive thinking and action can result in success.(写作佳句)
2．As far as I'm concerned, her failure in the competition resulted from her casual attitude.
3．由于他的努力工作，他在公司里被提升到更高的职位。
As__a__result__of__his__hard__work,__he was promoted to a higher position in the company.
4．他找了几个小时丢失的钥匙，但一无所获。
He__searched__for__hours__for__his__lost__keys,__but__did__so__without__result.
考点8 run out 用完；耗尽(物作主语，无被动语态) run out of 用完/耗尽……(人作主语，有被动语态) run across 偶然遇见 run into 撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等) run for 竞选 run after 追逐；追求 run away 逃跑；失控 run through 浏览
1.Our energy was running out but when we heard the call of my uncle, a smile lit up our faces.
2．I had run out of all my patience and I began to explode with anger.(写作佳句)
3．The moment we ran into/across a cute wild rabbit, we rode our horses and ran after it without hesitation.
4．This year, Sarah decided to run__for__the__position__of__monitor (竞选班长一职) to make a positive impact on her school community.
5．在公园慢跑时，我遇到了一位多年未见的老朋友。
While jogging in the park, I__ran__into/across__an__old__friend__I__hadn't__seen__for__years.
考点9 the＋序数词＋名词＋动词不定式作后置定语 当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、 the next, the only, the right, the last等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。 动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability, chance, opportunity, need, way, wish, effort, right, ambition, patience, anxiety, attempt等名词。
1.(2024·全国甲卷)This is something I admire—her ability to__open (open) her eyes underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.
2．John was the first person to__think (think) of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money.
3．你不能错过这样一个增进相互了解的宝贵机会。(写作佳句)
You__can't__afford__to__miss__such__a__precious__chance__to__strengthen__mutual__understanding.
【北师版必修第二册写作佳句】
There are many risks and dangers, but the work is extremely important, and the knowledge that we can gain from exploring space is invaluable.
探索太空有很多的风险和危险，但这项工作极其重要，我们可以从中获得的知识是无价的。强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．Disappointed (disappoint) at his failing to win a prize, he locked himself in the room.
2．As is known to us, Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut to__be__sent (send) into space.
3．We signalled (signal) to the driver in the hope of stopping him before he fell into the river.
4．After a long time of outspoken discussion they accepted the agreement without argument (argue)．
5．Running out of energy and patience, Jane gave up her walking along the stream and fell to sleep.
6．It is high time that great significance should be attached to saving energy and protecting the environment.
7．There is no denying that China's economy plays an important role in the global (globe) economy.
8．The young man had a strong desire to__earn (earn) a living by himself soon after he graduated.
9．She felt a lack of confidence when faced with the challenging task.
10．I argued my friend into joining the debate team, telling him it would be a great way to improve his public speaking skills.
二、熟词生义
1．As we age we lose muscle tissue.组织
2．At the meeting, she floated the idea of starting a new club for environmental activism.提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)
3．If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it.发起，启动
4．The teacher's look of gravity as she handed out the test results made the students realize the seriousness of their performance.严肃
5．Parents often use software to monitor their children's internet usage, ensuring they stay safe online.监控
三、构词法
词缀 含义 例词
mit变体形式有： mis 表示发送，放出；承担 transmit,__admit, permit, commit, submit, dismiss, emit, intermit
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．The environmental agency will not permit any new factories to be built unless they adhere to strict pollution control standards. 允许
2．The company committed to reducing its carbon emissions by 30% over the next decade. 承诺
3．Researchers are urged to submit their findings on climate change to the upcoming international conference. 提交
4．The court dismissed the defendant's argument, stating that there was substantial evidence to support the charges. 驳回
5．The car's engine emits less pollution than the older models due to its advanced technology. 排放
6．The satellite is designed to transmit high resolution images back to Earth. 传输
四、补全句子
1．当我非常渴望向您致以感谢时，我不知道说什么好。(desire)
Words have failed me when I__have__a__strong__desire__to__express__my__thanks__to__you．
2．给我印象最深的是该中学对学生的实践能力非常重视。(attach)
What strikes me most is that the middle school attaches__great__importance__to__students'__ability__of__practice．
3．他很失望地收到了他梦寐以求的大学的拒绝信。(disappoint)
He__was__disappointed__to__receive__a__rejection__letter from his dream university.
4．老师示意学生到教室前面来展示他们的方案。(signal)
The teacher signal(l)ed__the__student__to__come__to__the__front__of__the__class to present their project.
5．不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼经常会导致肥胖和心脏病等健康问题。(result in)
Poor__diet__and__lack__of__exercise__often__result__in__health__problems such as obesity and heart disease.
6．清单上要读的第二本书是我最喜欢的作家推荐的。(the＋序数词＋名词＋动词不定式作后置定语)
The__second__book__to__read__on__the__list was recommended by my favorite author.
五、长难句分析
(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
句意：她从商业人士而非学者的实际角度出发，使得这本指南通俗易懂、内容丰富，读完之后，你会觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句子主干是She__writes;__making for ... as AI是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中嵌入两个which引导的定语从句，都修饰先行词a__guide。
读写用—素养提升
一、深化阅读——明晰考向 以阅读养阅读
(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I've put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. __36__ You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come.
Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. __37__
Continually challenge yourself to try something new. __38__ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we've all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
__39__ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. __40__ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A．Get out of your comfort zone.
B．Make career plans and set goals.
C．Don't throw away your beginner art.
D．Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E．You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times.
F．Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G．You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些开启艺术之旅的好建议。
36．答案：C
解析：根据后文“You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步。)”可知，C项(不要扔掉你初学时的艺术作品。)和后文形成顺承关系。故选C。
37．答案：G
解析：设空处为段尾总结句，根据本段主题句“Paint often and paint from life.”可知，本段的主旨是要经常绘画，G项(你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆。)总结前文。故选G。
38．答案：A
解析：根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物。)”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有些痛苦。)”可知，A项(走出你的舒适区。)承前启后。故选A。
39．答案：D
解析：根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) ... artistic ability.”可知，本段主要建议分享自己的作品，D项(如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品。)符合语境，可作为本段的主题句。故选D。
40．答案：E
解析：根据前文“The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路。)”以及后文“Push through ... an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报。)”可知，E项(你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁。)承前启后。故选E。
设空在段尾
1．题型特点：考查点可能是总结句，总结本段或本篇文章内容；或过渡句，即通过设空把本段与下一段内容巧妙地衔接起来。
2．解题方法：瞻前顾后找启示。设空处为总结句时，阅读设空前段落内容，抓住主旨，总结设空前的内容，常含有总结性词语，如therefore, thus, to conclude, in a word, in a conclusion等；设空处为过渡句时，阅读设空前内容及下一段段首内容，找到其中的联系，选出承上启下的选项。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材 情绪描写——愤怒、生气(二)
怒目而视 glare/look at sb with burning eyes
朝某人怒吼 shout/yell at sb in anger
投去愤怒的目光 shoot/cast/throw/flash sb an angry glance/look
气得浑身发抖 tremble/quiver with anger from head to toe
气得直跺脚 stamp one's foot in anger
气得捶胸顿足 beat one's breast in anger
紧握双拳 clench one's fists
气得咬牙切齿 clench/gnash one's teeth with anger
怒气冲冲地进来/出去 storm in/out
愤怒地关门 slam the door furiously behind sb
挥舞拳头好像要揍人 wave one's fist in the air as if to punch sb
气得发疯 go bananas with anger
气得火冒三丈 (get/be/become/grow) hot under the collar
把某人逼疯 drive sb crazy
怒火中烧 feel one's temperature rising/feel one's blood boiling/be boiling with anger
愤怒席卷了某人 a flame/burst/tide of anger/fury/rage/irritation wells up inside/envelopes/swallows/seizes/engulfs sb
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·贵州省贵阳市乌当区第四中学高三月考)Space Center Houston offers a variety of age appropriate and inspiring camp experiences. We aim to inspire all generations through the wonders of space exploration. Our Explorer Camps introduce children aged 4～11 to science, technology, engineering and math through the engaging and hands on learning activities. Discover and explore our Explorer Camps for ages 6～7 and below.
Journey to Mars
June 14～18, July 12～16, Aug.9～13|$289.95 5 day explorer camp
While demonstrating the best safety practices, campers are involved in activities that arouse their interest in science along with their sense of adventure. These young engineers learn the basics of rocketry, discover coding, and explore hands on scientific activities.
Engineering Basics
June 7～11, July 5～9|$289.95 5 day explorer camp
Campers discover what it takes to solve problems related to space exploration in Engineering Basics. Taking Lego bricks “out of the box” to new and exciting places, this camp gets your little builders using Lego bricks like never before. These engineers in training will participate in problem solving activities, building simple machines, art projects, and robots.
Journey to Space
June 28～July 2, July 26～30 |$289.95 5 day explorer camp
How do astronauts work in space Why is Venus so hot Will people ever go to Mars How do robots work What do engineers do All these questions are answered as campers explore space through art, science, robotics, and engineering activities. This camp leaves all inquiring minds inspired to continue their journey.
Exploration and Discovery
June 1～5|$229.95 5 day explorer camp
Campers discover what it takes to send people, supplies and spacecraft beyond Earth's atmosphere. During this five day adventure, former astronauts will deliver speeches on how they live and work in the space station.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了休斯敦航天中心为各种年龄的营员提供与太空探索相关的营地体验。
1．Which camp provides campers with knowledge of rockets
A．Journey to Mars.
B．Engineering Basics.
C．Journey to Space.
D．Exploration and Discovery.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据Journey to Mars部分中的“These young engineers learn the basics of rocketry”可知，想要学习火箭知识应该选择Journey to Mars训练营。故选A。
2．What can campers learn only in Engineering Basics
A．Coding. B．Creative thinking.
C．Rocket design. D．Supply delivery.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据Engineering Basics部分中的“Taking Lego bricks ... never before.((这个营地)将乐高积木‘带出盒子’带往全新而有趣的地方，让你的小建筑师们以前所未有的方式使用乐高积木。)”可推知，在Engineering Basics营地，参与者将通过创造性思维来解决问题。故选B。
3．What is special about Exploration and Discovery
A．It will be open in August.
B．It is a 4 day explorer camp.
C．Campers can learn problem solving skills.
D．Campers will have a chance to meet astronauts.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Exploration and Discovery部分中的“During this five－day ... in the space station.”可知，Exploration and Discovery特别之处在于营员们将有机会见到退役宇航员。故选D。
B
(2025·吉林省普通高中高三一模)China is likely to become the first country to bring Martian soil back to Earth in an ambitious science and engineering attempt. The nation plans to collect Martian samples and then bring them back to Earth around 2030 via a historic mission named Tianwen 3.
If everything goes according to plan, the samples could become the first to be returned to Earth from Mars, and will help scientists look for traces of life on Mars, learn more about the planet's geology (地质学) and inner structures, and understand its atmospheric cycles.
Yang Yuguang, a senior space industry observer and vice chair of the International Astronautical Federation's Space Transportation Committee, said on Friday that no one has ever attempted to bring samples back from Mars because it would be an extremely sophisticated__ procedure.
First, anyone who wishes to get back Martian soil needs to, in the first place, take to the planet a craft which can lift off from the Martian surface to send samples to Martian orbit, and that means such a craft must be large enough to contain engines and propellants (推进剂)．
“And landing a large craft safely on the Martian surface would be exceptionally challenging, considering the fact that landing on Mars is far more difficult than a lunar landing due to the complex atmosphere surrounding Mars，” he said.
Even if the craft could land on Mars and it could lift off, Yang said that a new challenge would follow—how to guide it to carry out an accurate meeting and docking with the orbiter (轨道飞行器) flying around the planet to wait for samples.
“In our lunar sample return missions, the most complicated part was the in orbit meeting and docking between the sample carrying craft and the orbiter, and that operation at least had Earth based telemetry (遥控技术) and other types of technical support. By comparison, there will be virtually no technical assistance in the same process taking place in Martian orbit due to the very long distance，” the expert explained.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了中国计划采集火星土壤样本，并于2030年将其带回地球的名为“天问三号”的历史性任务，以及这项任务面临的诸多困难和挑战。
4．What do we know about the Martian mission named Tianwen 3
A．It is the third space mission of China.
B．Its main goal is to bring Martian soil back to earth.
C．The samples can help reveal the Earth's geology.
D．No country will bring samples back from Mars before it.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，中国有望成为首个将火星土壤带回地球的国家。这是一项名为“天问三号”的历史性任务，由此可知，“天问三号”的主要目的是将采集到的火星土壤样本带回地球。故选B。
5．What does the underlined word “sophisticated” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Experienced. B．Threatening.
C．Astonishing. D．Complicated.
答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“And landing a large ... exceptionally challenging”、第六段中的“Even if the craft ... a new challenge would follow”及最后一段中的“By comparison, there will be ... due to the very long distance”可知，将火星土壤样本带回地球是一个非常复杂的过程，由此可推知，sophisticated意为“复杂的”。故选D。
6．According to the passage, which of the following about the mission is mentioned
A．A large craft is needed to send samples to the earth.
B．Safe landing on Mars is difficult due to lack of air.
C．The in orbit meeting and docking is the most challenging part.
D．Technical support is available to reduce its difficulty.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In our lunar sample return missions ... due to the very long distance”可推知，带火星土壤样本回地球这项任务在在轨会面和对接这一环节没有任何技术支援，相当困难，是最有挑战性的一个环节。故选C。
7．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．China Plans Mission to Bring Martian Soil to Earth
B．China Brought Samples Back via a Historic Mission “Tianwen 3”
C．The Complexity of Bringing Martian Samples Back to Earth
D．The Technical Support Taking Place in Martian Orbit
答案：A
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国计划将火星土壤样本通过“天问三号”任务带回地球。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳中学高三月考)
New invention to get astronauts moving in space
NASA says that astronauts can lose as much as 10% of their bone density (骨密度) when they're in space. That's because there is no gravity for their bodies to push against. __1____ It is a machine that allows them to jump in zero gravity.
Jumping in zero gravity would help build up bone density and muscle mass rather than astronauts losing this while in space. __2__ This is to maintain a healthy lifestyle and prevent them from losing too much muscle and bone density. John Kennett, the engineer of this project, says that this machine would cut the works down to just six minutes a day! It will allow astronauts to take part in a short but intense workout designed to build both muscle mass and bone density.
John says that jumping is important to maintain good bone density. __3__ So he thinks his invention is the perfect solution.
Former NASA astronaut Leroy Chiao says that exercising while in space is very important for a successful recovery once back on earth. He says he would welcome shorter workouts to ensure other duties on the spacecraft can still be completed. __4__ “When you're jumping on this you can really feel it from your toes right through your shoulders，” she says.
Experts say this machine could also save much needed space on board. __5__ And it is hoped it will join some astronauts in space in the near future!
A．However, jumping in zero gravity is really hard.
B．Now, astronauts don't spend much time exercising.
C．Next year the machine will be tested in zero gravity.
D．Some people wonder whether the machine will work in space.
E．At the moment astronauts spend up to two hours a day, six days a week exercising.
F．An engineer from London has found the solution to keeping astronauts fit and healthy in space.
G．Tess Morris Paterson, who has been testing the machine, says the workout gives her full body benefits.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以让宇航员在太空中移动的新发明。
1．答案：F
解析：上文“NASA says ... in space.”提到宇航员在太空中可能会失去部分骨密度，身体变得不健康，F项(一位来自伦敦的工程师找到了让宇航员在太空中保持健康的解决方案。)承接上文。故选F。
2．答案：E
解析：下文“This is to maintain ... bone density.”提到宇航员会做某种活动，以保持健康的生活方式，E项(目前，宇航员每周锻炼六天，每天锻炼两个小时。)引出下文。故选E。
3．答案：A
解析：上文“John says that jumping is important to maintain good bone density.”说明跳跃对于良好骨密度的重要性，A项(然而，在零重力下跳跃真的很难。)承接上文。故选A。
4．答案：G
解析：下文“When you're jumping ... she says.”说明这种机器可以让人感受到它的益处，G项(Tess Morris Paterson(特丝·莫里斯·帕特森)一直在测试这台机器，她说这项锻炼对她的全身都有好处。)引出下文。故选G。
5．答案：C
解析：下文“And it is hoped it will join some astronauts in space in the near future！”说明人们的期望，C项(明年，这台机器将在零重力下进行测试。)引出下文。故选C。
23(共92张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
第一编 教材复习
必修第三册
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
单元话题 语法 写作
太空探索 不定式作定语和状语 关于太空探索的议论文
教材深挖
高效课时作业
目录
CONTENTS
2
3
高效晨背
1
高效晨背
一 背记单词/词块
◎太空
1．___________ n. 宇航员
2．rocket n. ________________
3．gravity n. ________________
4．satellite n. ________________
5．________ vt.& n. 发射
6．________ n. 轨道
astronaut
火箭；火箭弹
重力；引力
人造卫星；卫星
launch
orbit
7．mankind n. ________________
8．transmit vt.& vi. ________________
9．spacecraft n. __________________
10．spacewalk n. ____________________________
11．module n. ________________
12．________ vi. 浮动 vt. 使浮动
13．solar adj. ___________________
14．solar system ___________________
人类
传输；发送
航天器；宇宙飞船
太空行走；太空行走的时间
舱；组件；模块
float
太阳的；太阳能的
太阳系；类太阳系
◎科技
15．procedure n. _____________________
16．data n. ________________
17．________ vt. 回收利用
18．telescope n. ________________
19．microwave n. ________________
20．________ n. 设施；设备
21．pattern n. ____________________
22．________ n. 监视器
23．smartphone n. ________________
程序；步骤；手续
资料；数据
recycle
望远镜
微波炉
facility
模式；图案；模范
monitor
智能手机
◎日常生活
24．cm abbr. ________________
25．________ n. 交通工具
26．agency n. ______________________________________
27．jade n. ________________
28．muscle n. _____________________
29．soap n. ___________
30．towel n. ________________
厘米
vehicle
(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处
玉；翡翠；玉器
肌肉；实力；影响力
肥皂
毛巾；抹布
31．tissue n. _________
32．foam n. ________________
33．pillow n. _________
34．________ n. 资源
35．oxygen n. ________________
纸巾
泡沫橡胶；泡沫
枕头
resource
氧；氧气
◎描述词
36．giant adj. ________________
37．___________ adv. 否则
38．beyond prep. ________________
39．________ adj. 当前的
40．sufficient adj. ________________
41．________ adj. 热衷的
42．fatal adj. ____________________
43．shallow adj. ________________
44．high end adj. ________________
巨大的；伟大的
otherwise
在更远处；超出
current
足够的；充足的
keen
致命的；灾难性的
肤浅的；浅的
高端的
◎其他
45．__________ n. 神秘事物；谜
46．frontier n. _____________________
47．________ n. 跳跃 vi.& vt. 跃过
48．________ vt.& vi. 标志着 n. 信号
mystery
边境；国界；边远地区
leap
signal
二 词形变化
1.mental adj. 精神的→___________ adv. 精神上地
2．intelligent adj. 有智慧的→___________ n. 智慧
3．determine vt. 决定→___________ adj. 有决心的→______________ n. 决心
4．disappoint vt. 使失望→___________ adj. 失望的→______________ adj. 令人失望的→________________ n. 失望
5．desire n．& vt. 渴望→___________ adj. 值得拥有的
6．universe n. 宇宙→___________ adj. 宇宙的；普遍的
mentally
intelligence
determined
determination
disappointed
disappointing
disappointment
desirable
universal
7．independent adj. 独立的→______________ adv. 独立地→_____________ n. 独立
8．lack n. 缺乏→________ adj. 缺乏的
9．globe n. 地球→________ adj. 全球的→________ adv. 全球地
10．argue vt.& vi. 论证；争论→__________ n. 争论
11．analyze v. 分析→________ n. 分析
12．regular adj. 定期的→________ adv. 经常
13．close v. 关闭→________ adj. 结尾的 n. 停业
14．attach vt. 系→________ adj. 附着的→____________ n. 附件
independently
independence
lacking
global
globally
argument
analysis
regularly
closing
attached
attachment
1．Artificial ____________ has been used in phones, which makes them seem to be ____________. (intelligent)
2．When asked whether he was ____________ to be an astronaut, the boy just looked at me with _______________．(determine)
3．Though he was ______________ at the result of the examination, he tried to hide his ______________ in order not to discourage his son.(disappoint)
intelligence
intelligent
determined
determination
disappointed
disappointment
4．An ___________ about whether people should carry on with space exploration took place at the conference and some people ________ that we should stop wasting time and money on it.(argue)
5．Since the country gained its ____________ in 1842, it has played an important role ______________．(independent)
6．In ________， the store ________ due to a lack of money.(close)
7．Check the oil at _________ intervals, and have the car serviced __________．
(regular)
8．My _______ for a _________ house will come true in the near future.(desire)
argument
argued
independence
independently
closing
closed
regular
regularly
desire
desirable
1.gravity [熟义] n. 重力；引力
[生义] n. ______________
2．launch [熟义] v. 发射；发起；创办 n. 发射；发起
[生义] vt.& n. _________
3．float [熟义] vi. 浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt. 使浮动；使漂流
[生义] v. ____________________________
三 熟词生义
严肃；严重性
上市
提出；提请考虑(想法或计划)
4．beyond [熟义] prep. 超出
[生义] prep. _______________________
5．tissue [熟义] n. 纸巾
[生义] n. _______________________
6．monitor [熟义] n. 班长；监视器；监测仪
[生义] vt. ________________
除……以外；在更远处
(人、动植物细胞的)组织
监视；监测；监控
1．They held a special party to launch the new book.
他们为________这本新书举办了一次特别的聚会。
2．I don't think you realize the gravity of the situation.
我认为你没有意识到情况的___________。
3．Scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of sharks to predict bad weather.
科学家们也许能够________鲨鱼的行为来预测坏天气。
发行
严重性
监控
4．We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house.
我们向母亲________了住在一起的想法。
5．I had no plans beyond listening to my favorite records for the spring break.
________听听我最喜欢的唱片，我的春假没有什么其他计划。
6．Tissue that is removed during the operation is checked for signs of malignancy.
手术过程中切除的________用于诊断疾病是否为恶性。
提出
除了
组织
1.“反义词”对比 ①deep 深的→________ 浅的 ②_________ 聪明的→foolish 愚蠢的 ③sharp 锋利的→dull 迟钝的 ④neat 整洁的→dirty 脏的 ⑤tough 艰难的→easy 容易的 2.后缀 less构成的形容词 ①limit→________ 无限的 ②doubt→doubtless 无疑的，肯定的 ③rest→restless 不安的 ④use→________ 无用的 ⑤count→countless 无数的 3.“最终；终于”
①____________
②____________
③eventually
④at last
⑤in the end
⑥at length
⑦ultimately
shallow
intelligent
limitless
小积累 --word families
useless
in closing
finally
一 词表短语
1.________________ 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
2．__________ 继续做；坚持干
3．_____________________ 抱着……的希望
4．________________ 为了；以便
5．___________ 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
6．__________ 导致；造成
7．__________ 所以；结果(是)
8．________________ 提供生活所需
9．__________ 最后
10．_________用完；耗尽
on board
carry on
in the hope of doing sth
so as to (do sth)
figure out
result in
as a result
provide for sb
in closing
run out
选用上面的短语填空
1．He made one big mistake and, ________________， lost his job.
2．____________， the CEO thanked all the employees for their efforts and wished them a happy holiday season.
3．After hours of discussion, the team finally ________________ the best strategy to win the upcoming competition.
as a result
In closing
figured out
4．__________________ seeing his favorite band live, Tom saved up all his pocket money for months to buy concert tickets.
5．Effective communication strategies can ___________ improved teamwork and productivity.
6．Can the human race ____________ expanding and growing the same way that it is now
In the hope of
result in
carry on
二 写作词块
1.________________ 太空火箭
2．___________________________ 充分利用太阳能
3．________________________________ 拓宽某人的思想和视野
4．__________________ 热衷于科学
5．_____________________ 人类的历史
6．___________________________ 强烈的求知欲
a space rocket
make full use of solar energy
broaden one's minds and horizons
be keen on science
the history of mankind
a strong desire for knowledge
7．___________________________________________ 太空探索的意义和挑战
8．______________________________ 令人失望的结果/表现
9．___________________________ 对科学发现的探索
10．_________________________ 卓越的成就
11．_____________________________________ 造福全人类的一项发明
12．_________________________________ 关于宇宙起源的理论
the significance and challenges of space exploration
a disappointing result/performance
a quest for scientific discovery
remarkable accomplishment
an invention for the good of all mankind
theories of how the universe began
1．(教材P41)这个现代化的空间站将允许宇航员进行许多重要的实验，极大地促进我们对宇宙的了解。(动词不定式作宾语补足语)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．(教材P42)把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
________________________________________________________________________
3．(教材P44)首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。(动名词短语作主语)
________________________________________________________________________
This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly furthering our understanding of the universe.
Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve.
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
教材深挖
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．argue vt.& vi. 论证；争辩；争论→___________ n. 争论；争吵；论点→__________ adj. 可论证的；可议的
2．universe n. 宇宙；天地万物→___________ adj. 宇宙的；通用的
3．determine vt. 查明；确定；决定→_____________ adj. 有决心的；意志坚定的→ _____________ n. 决心；果断
4．desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望→___________ adj. 渴望的，想要的→__________ adj. 值得拥有的，令人向往的
argument
arguable
universal
determined
determination
desired
desirable
5．regular adj. 定期的；经常的；正常的→___________ adv. 经常；定期地
6．independent adj. 独立的；自立的→________________ adv. 独立地；自立地→_____________ n. 独立；自立→________ vi. 依靠
7．globe n. 地球；世界；地球仪→________ adj. 全球的；全面的→________ adv. 全球地；全面地→______________ n. 全球化
8．disappoint vt. 使失望；使破灭→______________ adj. 失望的；沮丧的→_____________ adj. 令人失望的；令人沮丧的→______________ n. 失望；沮丧
regularly
independently
independence
depend
global
globally
globalization
disappointed
disappointing
disappointment
拔高词汇— 高分必备
1.vacant/'veIk nt/adj. ____________ 2．comb/k m/v. ___________ 3．painstaking/'peInzteIkI /adj. ________________ 4．trait/treIt/n. ________________ 5.illusion/I'lu ɡn/n. _____________
6．empathy/'emp θi/n. ___________________
7．harness/'ha nIs/v. _____________
8．optimize/' ptImaIz/v. ____________________
空的；空缺的
梳，梳理
辛苦的；勤勉的
一点，少许；特征
幻想；错觉
同感；共情；共鸣
控制，利用
使最优化；充分利用
二、重点语块
In the history of mankind, the pursuit of understanding the universe has driven countless explorers ____________ (在宇宙飞船上) space rockets, ____________ (坚持干) their daring missions. Many ___________ (热衷于) do this, ____________ (抱着……的希望) discovering new worlds and making full use of solar energy, which could revolutionize our lives. As scientists ___________ (弄懂) the complexities of space travel, they utilize various sports facilities to stay physically fit, ensuring they are ready for any challenge. However, these missions don't come without risks. Miscalculations can ______ (导致) catastrophic failures, ________________ (所以), meticulous planning is crucial.
on board
carrying on
are keen to
in the hope of
figure out
result in
as a result
Yet, despite these hurdles, humanity persists, driven by the desire to ____________ (提供生活所需) future generations with knowledge and resources. ____________ (最后), as we continue to explore the cosmos, we must ensure that we do it so responsibly, with the passion and resources needed to sustain our journey into the unknown not ____________ (耗尽)．
provide for
In closing
running out
三、重点句式
1．她没有让情绪打败自己。(动词不定式作宾语补足语)
She didn't allow her emotions __________________________．
2．借助望远镜收集的数据，宇宙的起源很容易理解。(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)
___________________________________________，using the data collected by the telescope.
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P41】这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
to get the better of her
The origins of the universe are easy to understand
This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
2．【教材P41】中国的太空项目起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内发展迅速。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．【教材P44】然而，另一部分人觉得这是一种肤浅的观点，没有认识到探索太空给我们带来的好处。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．【教材P44】如今，太空技术广泛应用于各行各业，一些日用产品，如记忆海绵枕头、智能手机摄像头等，正在改变我们的生活。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
China's space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress in a short time.
However, others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
Today, space technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries, and everyday products, such as memory foam pillows and smartphone cameras, are changing our lives.
硬核考点
考点1 disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的
be disappointed to do sth 因做某事而失望
be disappointed at/with/by sth 对某事感到失望
to one's disappointment 使某人失望的是
in disappointment 失望地
1.________ their disappointment, the weather forecast turned out to be wrong, and it rained all day.
2．I was disappointed ________ (find) that the concert had been canceled.
3．She didn't know who let the word out, but she was really hurt and ____________ (disappoint)．
4．我非常高兴且真诚地欢迎你来中国学习，我保证你不会失望地离开。(写作佳句)
Overwhelmed with enormous joy, I sincerely welcome you to study in China and moreover, ___________________________________________________．
To
to find
disappointed
I bet you won't leave feeling disappointed/in disappointment
考点2 desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望
desire to do sth 渴望做某事
desire that ... (should) do sth 渴望……做某事
have a strong desire to do sth/for sth 迫切要做某事/急于得到某物
1．(2023·全国甲卷)Bangkok is a highly ___________ (desire) destination for food lovers.
2．To achieve ________ (desire) outcome, those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge.
3．From observing his mum and from his desire ________ (give) kids better drink options, he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle.
4．她有环游世界和体验不同文化的强烈愿望。
____________________________________________________________________
desirable
desired
to give
She has a strong desire to travel the world and experience different cultures.
考点3 signal vt.& vi. 标志着；标明；发信号；示意 n. 信号；标志；预示；信号灯
signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事
signal (to sb) that ... 示意(某人)……
a signal (for sb) to do sth (某人)做某事的信号
traffic signals交通信号灯
1.The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, __________ (signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.(写作佳句)
2．I ran up to the car, took him by the arm and signalled him __________ (follow) me. (写作佳句)
3．他微笑着，向我示意他愿意参加演讲比赛。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________
signalling
to follow
He smiled, signalling to me that he was willing to take part in the speech contest.
考点4 lack n. 缺乏；短缺 vt. 没有；缺乏
lack sth 缺少某物(不用于被动语态)
be lacking in ... 缺少……
for lack of ... 因缺乏……
(a) lack of sth 缺乏某物
1.(2024·浙江高考1月)Due to the lack ________ scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud seeding companies.
2．She felt lonely ________ lack of close friends to share her thoughts with.
3．由于缺乏自律，他们更容易沉迷于网上聊天或玩游戏。(写作佳句)
_______________________________________， they're more likely to be addicted to chatting online or playing games.
of
for
Because of/Due to their lack of self discipline
考点5 argue vt.& vi.(argued; argued; arguing)论证；争辩；争论；主张；说服
argue that ... (should) do sth 主张……
argue (with sb) on/about/over sth (与某人)争辩某事
argue for/against (doing) sth 赞成/反对(做)某事
argue/talk/persuade sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事
beyond argument 无可争辩；毋庸置疑
【外研版选择性必修第四册写作佳句】
To see even further into the universe, many countries are now engaged in building ever more advanced telescopes.
为了能更加深入地观察宇宙，很多国家开始投入研发更先进的望远镜。
1．It is beyond ___________ (argue) that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.(写作佳句)
2．I thought I could argue my parents ________ allowing me to use my money as I wished.
3．Many environmentalists argue ________ reducing the use of plastic bags to protect the environment.
4．他主张学生应该对自己的教育有更多的控制权，应该能够选择自己的课程和学习途径。
________________________________________________________ and should be able to choose their own courses and learning paths.
argument
into
for
He argues that students should have more control over their education
考点6 attach vt. 系；绑；贴
attach ... to ... 把……系/贴/附在……之上
attach importance/significance to ... 重视……；认为……有意义
attach oneself to 依附于
attach file 附件
be attached to sb/sth 依恋/附属于/爱慕某人/某物
1.She found a box lying on the table with a card attached ________ it, saying “Happy birthday”.
2．In addition, I have participated in several voluntary activities, from which I have acquired rich experience. You can find my volunteer certificates in the ____________ (attach). (写作佳句)
3．在学习语言的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
to
attachment
You can never attach too much importance to reading during the process of learning a language.
考点7 result in 导致；造成
result from＝arise from 由……造成；因……而产生
as a result/consequences 因此；结果
as a result of 因为；由于
without result 没有结果；徒劳地
with the result that 导致，结果是
1.As is known to us, positive thinking and action can result ________ success.(写作佳句)
2．As far as I'm concerned, her failure in the competition resulted ________ her casual attitude.
3．由于他的努力工作，他在公司里被提升到更高的职位。
______________________， he was promoted to a higher position in the company.
4．他找了几个小时丢失的钥匙，但一无所获。
____________________________________________________________________
in
from
As a result of his hard work
He searched for hours for his lost keys, but did so without result.
考点8 run out 用完；耗尽(物作主语，无被动语态)
run out of 用完/耗尽……(人作主语，有被动语态)
run across 偶然遇见
run into 撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等)
run for 竞选
run after 追逐；追求
run away 逃跑；失控
run through 浏览
1.Our energy was running ________ but when we heard the call of my uncle, a smile lit up our faces.
2．I had run out ____ all my patience and I began to explode with anger.(写作佳句)
3．The moment we ran ____________ a cute wild rabbit, we rode our horses and ran ________ it without hesitation.
4．This year, Sarah decided to _____________________________ (竞选班长一职) to make a positive impact on her school community.
5．在公园慢跑时，我遇到了一位多年未见的老朋友。
While jogging in the park, ____________________________________________．
out
of
into/across
after
run for the position of monitor
I ran into/across an old friend I hadn't seen for years
考点9 the＋序数词＋名词＋动词不定式作后置定语
当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、 the next, the only, the right, the last等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。
动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability, chance, opportunity, need, way, wish, effort, right, ambition, patience, anxiety, attempt等名词。
1.(2024·全国甲卷)This is something I admire—her ability ________ (open) her eyes underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.
2．John was the first person ________ (think) of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money.
3．你不能错过这样一个增进相互了解的宝贵机会。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________
to open
to think
You can't afford to miss such a precious chance to strengthen mutual understanding.
【北师版必修第二册写作佳句】
There are many risks and dangers, but the work is extremely important, and the knowledge that we can gain from exploring space is invaluable.
探索太空有很多的风险和危险，但这项工作极其重要，我们可以从中获得的知识是无价的。
强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．______________ (disappoint) at his failing to win a prize, he locked himself in the room.
2．As is known to us, Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut ___________ (send) into space.
3．We ________ (signal) to the driver in the hope of stopping him before he fell into the river.
4．After a long time of outspoken discussion they accepted the agreement without ___________ (argue)．
Disappointed
to be sent
signalled
argument
5．Running out ________ energy and patience, Jane gave up her walking along the stream and fell to sleep.
6．It is high time that great significance should be attached ________ saving energy and protecting the environment.
7．There is no denying that China's economy plays an important role in the ________ (globe) economy.
8．The young man had a strong desire ________ (earn) a living by himself soon after he graduated.
9．She felt a lack ________ confidence when faced with the challenging task.
10．I argued my friend ________ joining the debate team, telling him it would be a great way to improve his public speaking skills.
of
to
global
to earn
of
into
二、熟词生义
1．As we age we lose muscle tissue.____________
2．At the meeting, she floated the idea of starting a new club for environmental activism.______________________________
3．If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it.____________
4．The teacher's look of gravity as she handed out the test results made the students realize the seriousness of their performance.____________
5．Parents often use software to monitor their children's internet usage, ensuring they stay safe online.____________
组织
提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)
发起，启动
严肃
监控
词缀 含义 例词
mit变体形式有： mis 表示________________ ________, admit, permit, commit, submit, dismiss, emit, intermit
三、构词法
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．The environmental agency will not permit any new factories to be built unless they adhere to strict pollution control standards. ____________
2．The company committed to reducing its carbon emissions by 30% over the next decade. ____________
发送，放出；承担
transmit
允许
承诺
3．Researchers are urged to submit their findings on climate change to the upcoming international conference. ____________
4．The court dismissed the defendant's argument, stating that there was substantial evidence to support the charges. ____________
5．The car's engine emits less pollution than the older models due to its advanced technology. ____________
6．The satellite is designed to transmit high resolution images back to Earth. ____________
提交
驳回
排放
传输
四、补全句子
1．当我非常渴望向您致以感谢时，我不知道说什么好。(desire)
Words have failed me when ___________________________________________．
2．给我印象最深的是该中学对学生的实践能力非常重视。(attach)
What strikes me most is that the middle school ____________________________ ____________________________．
3．他很失望地收到了他梦寐以求的大学的拒绝信。(disappoint)
________________________________________ from his dream university.
I have a strong desire to express my thanks to you
attaches great importance to
Students’ ability of practice
He was disappointed to receive a rejection letter
4．老师示意学生到教室前面来展示他们的方案。(signal)
The teacher __________________________________________________ to present their project.
5．不良的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼经常会导致肥胖和心脏病等健康问题。(result in)
______________________________________________________ such as obesity and heart disease.
6．清单上要读的第二本书是我最喜欢的作家推荐的。(the＋序数词＋名词＋动词不定式作后置定语)
____________________________ was recommended by my favorite author.
signal(l)ed the student to come to the front of the class
Poor diet and lack of exercise often result in health problems
The second book to read on the list
五、长难句分析
(2024· 新课标Ⅱ卷)She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI.
句意：她从商业人士而非学者的实际角度出发，使得这本指南通俗易懂、内容丰富，读完之后，你会觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明。
分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句子主干是____________； making for ... as AI是现在分词短语作______________，其中嵌入两个which引导的________从句，都修饰先行词____________。
She writes
定语
伴随状语
a guide
读写用—素养提升
一、深化阅读——明晰考向 以阅读养阅读
(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I'm often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I've put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. __36__ You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come.
Paint often and paint from life. There's no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. __37__
Continually challenge yourself to try something new. __38__ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we've all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online.
__39__ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. __40__ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
A．Get out of your comfort zone.
B．Make career plans and set goals.
C．Don't throw away your beginner art.
D．Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E．You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times.
F．Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G．You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些开启艺术之旅的好建议。
36．答案：C
37．答案：G
解析：根据后文“You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，看看自己已经取得多少进步。)”可知，C项(不要扔掉你初学时的艺术作品。)和后文形成顺承关系。故选C。
解析：设空处为段尾总结句，根据本段主题句“Paint often and paint from life.”可知，本段的主旨是要经常绘画，G项(你会逐渐形成只有通过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆。)总结前文。故选G。
38．答案：A
39．答案：D
解析：根据前文“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物。)”以及后文“Artistic growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有些痛苦。)”可知，A项(走出你的舒适区。)承前启后。故选A。
解析：根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) ... artistic ability.”可知，本段主要建议分享自己的作品，D项(如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品。)符合语境，可作为本段的主题句。故选D。
解析：根据前文“The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路。)”以及后文“Push through ... an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报。)”可知，E项(你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁。)承前启后。故选E。
40．答案：E
设空在段尾
1．题型特点：考查点可能是总结句，总结本段或本篇文章内容；或过渡句，即通过设空把本段与下一段内容巧妙地衔接起来。
2．解题方法：瞻前顾后找启示。设空处为总结句时，阅读设空前段落内容，抓住主旨，总结设空前的内容，常含有总结性词语，如therefore, thus, to conclude, in a word, in a conclusion等；设空处为过渡句时，阅读设空前内容及下一段段首内容，找到其中的联系，选出承上启下的选项。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材 情绪描写——愤怒、生气(二)
怒目而视 glare/look at sb with burning eyes
朝某人怒吼 shout/yell at sb in anger
投去愤怒的目光 shoot/cast/throw/flash sb an angry glance/look
气得浑身发抖 tremble/quiver with anger from head to toe
气得直跺脚 stamp one's foot in anger
气得捶胸顿足 beat one's breast in anger
紧握双拳 clench one's fists
气得咬牙切齿 clench/gnash one's teeth with anger
怒气冲冲地进来/出去 storm in/out
愤怒地关门 slam the door furiously behind sb
挥舞拳头好像要揍人 wave one's fist in the air as if to punch sb
气得发疯 go bananas with anger
气得火冒三丈 (get/be/become/grow) hot under the collar
把某人逼疯 drive sb crazy
怒火中烧 feel one's temperature rising/feel one's blood boiling/be boiling with anger
愤怒席卷了某人 a flame/burst/tide of anger/fury/rage/irritation wells up inside/envelopes/swallows/seizes/engulfs sb
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·贵州省贵阳市乌当区第四中学高三月考)Space Center Houston offers a variety of age appropriate and inspiring camp experiences. We aim to inspire all generations through the wonders of space exploration. Our Explorer Camps introduce children aged 4～11 to science, technology, engineering and math through the engaging and hands on learning activities. Discover and explore our Explorer Camps for ages 6～7 and below.
Journey to Mars
June 14～18, July 12～16, Aug.9～13|$289.95 5 day explorer camp
While demonstrating the best safety practices, campers are involved in activities that arouse their interest in science along with their sense of adventure. These young engineers learn the basics of rocketry, discover coding, and explore hands on scientific activities.
Engineering Basics
June 7～11, July 5～9|$289.95 5 day explorer camp
Campers discover what it takes to solve problems related to space exploration in Engineering Basics. Taking Lego bricks “out of the box” to new and exciting places, this camp gets your little builders using Lego bricks like never before. These engineers in training will participate in problem solving activities, building simple machines, art projects, and robots.
Journey to Space
June 28～July 2, July 26～30 |$289.95 5 day explorer camp
How do astronauts work in space Why is Venus so hot Will people ever go to Mars How do robots work What do engineers do All these questions are answered as campers explore space through art, science, robotics, and engineering activities. This camp leaves all inquiring minds inspired to continue their journey.
Exploration and Discovery
June 1～5|$229.95 5 day explorer camp
Campers discover what it takes to send people, supplies and spacecraft beyond Earth's atmosphere. During this five day adventure, former astronauts will deliver speeches on how they live and work in the space station.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了休斯敦航天中心为各种年龄的营员提供与太空探索相关的营地体验。
1．Which camp provides campers with knowledge of rockets
A．Journey to Mars.
B．Engineering Basics.
C．Journey to Space.
D．Exploration and Discovery.
解析：细节理解题。根据Journey to Mars部分中的“These young engineers learn the basics of rocketry”可知，想要学习火箭知识应该选择Journey to Mars训练营。故选A。
2．What can campers learn only in Engineering Basics
A．Coding.
B．Creative thinking.
C．Rocket design.
D．Supply delivery.
解析：推理判断题。根据Engineering Basics部分中的“Taking Lego bricks ... never before.((这个营地)将乐高积木‘带出盒子’带往全新而有趣的地方，让你的小建筑师们以前所未有的方式使用乐高积木。)”可推知，在Engineering Basics营地，参与者将通过创造性思维来解决问题。故选B。
3．What is special about Exploration and Discovery
A．It will be open in August.
B．It is a 4 day explorer camp.
C．Campers can learn problem solving skills.
D．Campers will have a chance to meet astronauts.
解析：细节理解题。根据Exploration and Discovery部分中的“During this five－day ... in the space station.”可知，Exploration and Discovery特别之处在于营员们将有机会见到退役宇航员。故选D。
B
(2025·吉林省普通高中高三一模)China is likely to become the first country to bring Martian soil back to Earth in an ambitious science and engineering attempt. The nation plans to collect Martian samples and then bring them back to Earth around 2030 via a historic mission named Tianwen 3.
If everything goes according to plan, the samples could become the first to be returned to Earth from Mars, and will help scientists look for traces of life on Mars, learn more about the planet's geology (地质学) and inner structures, and understand its atmospheric cycles.
Yang Yuguang, a senior space industry observer and vice chair of the International Astronautical Federation's Space Transportation Committee, said on Friday that no one has ever attempted to bring samples back from Mars because it would be an extremely sophisticated__ procedure.
First, anyone who wishes to get back Martian soil needs to, in the first place, take to the planet a craft which can lift off from the Martian surface to send samples to Martian orbit, and that means such a craft must be large enough to contain engines and propellants (推进剂)．
“And landing a large craft safely on the Martian surface would be exceptionally challenging, considering the fact that landing on Mars is far more difficult than a lunar landing due to the complex atmosphere surrounding Mars，” he said.
Even if the craft could land on Mars and it could lift off, Yang said that a new challenge would follow—how to guide it to carry out an accurate meeting and docking with the orbiter (轨道飞行器) flying around the planet to wait for samples.
“In our lunar sample return missions, the most complicated part was the in orbit meeting and docking between the sample carrying craft and the orbiter, and that operation at least had Earth based telemetry (遥控技术) and other types of technical support. By comparison, there will be virtually no technical assistance in the same process taking place in Martian orbit due to the very long distance，” the expert explained.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了中国计划采集火星土壤样本，并于2030年将其带回地球的名为“天问三号”的历史性任务，以及这项任务面临的诸多困难和挑战。
4．What do we know about the Martian mission named Tianwen 3
A．It is the third space mission of China.
B．Its main goal is to bring Martian soil back to earth.
C．The samples can help reveal the Earth's geology.
D．No country will bring samples back from Mars before it.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，中国有望成为首个将火星土壤带回地球的国家。这是一项名为“天问三号”的历史性任务，由此可知，“天问三号”的主要目的是将采集到的火星土壤样本带回地球。故选B。
5．What does the underlined word “sophisticated” mean in Paragraph 3
A．Experienced.
B．Threatening.
C．Astonishing.
D．Complicated.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“And landing a large ... exceptionally challenging”、第六段中的“Even if the craft ... a new challenge would follow”及最后一段中的“By comparison, there will be ... due to the very long distance”可知，将火星土壤样本带回地球是一个非常复杂的过程，由此可推知，sophisticated意为“复杂的”。故选D。
6．According to the passage, which of the following about the mission is mentioned
A．A large craft is needed to send samples to the earth.
B．Safe landing on Mars is difficult due to lack of air.
C．The in orbit meeting and docking is the most challenging part.
D．Technical support is available to reduce its difficulty.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In our lunar sample return missions ... due to the very long distance”可推知，带火星土壤样本回地球这项任务在在轨会面和对接这一环节没有任何技术支援，相当困难，是最有挑战性的一个环节。故选C。
7．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．China Plans Mission to Bring Martian Soil to Earth
B．China Brought Samples Back via a Historic Mission “Tianwen 3”
C．The Complexity of Bringing Martian Samples Back to Earth
D．The Technical Support Taking Place in Martian Orbit
解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国计划将火星土壤样本通过“天问三号”任务带回地球。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳中学高三月考)
New invention to get astronauts moving in space
NASA says that astronauts can lose as much as 10% of their bone density (骨密度) when they're in space. That's because there is no gravity for their bodies to push against. __1____ It is a machine that allows them to jump in zero gravity.
Jumping in zero gravity would help build up bone density and muscle mass rather than astronauts losing this while in space. __2__ This is to maintain a healthy lifestyle and prevent them from losing too much muscle and bone density. John Kennett, the engineer of this project, says that this machine would cut the works down to just six minutes a day! It will allow astronauts to take part in a short but intense workout designed to build both muscle mass and bone density.
John says that jumping is important to maintain good bone density. __3__ So he thinks his invention is the perfect solution.
Former NASA astronaut Leroy Chiao says that exercising while in space is very important for a successful recovery once back on earth. He says he would welcome shorter workouts to ensure other duties on the spacecraft can still be completed. __4__ “When you're jumping on this you can really feel it from your toes right through your shoulders，” she says.
Experts say this machine could also save much needed space on board. __5__ And it is hoped it will join some astronauts in space in the near future!
A．However, jumping in zero gravity is really hard.
B．Now, astronauts don't spend much time exercising.
C．Next year the machine will be tested in zero gravity.
D．Some people wonder whether the machine will work in space.
E．At the moment astronauts spend up to two hours a day, six days a week exercising.
F．An engineer from London has found the solution to keeping astronauts fit and healthy in space.
G．Tess Morris Paterson, who has been testing the machine, says the workout gives her full body benefits.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以让宇航员在太空中移动的新发明。
1．答案：F
2．答案：E
解析：上文“NASA says ... in space.”提到宇航员在太空中可能会失去部分骨密度，身体变得不健康，F项(一位来自伦敦的工程师找到了让宇航员在太空中保持健康的解决方案。)承接上文。故选F。
解析：下文“This is to maintain ... bone density.”提到宇航员会做某种活动，以保持健康的生活方式，E项(目前，宇航员每周锻炼六天，每天锻炼两个小时。)引出下文。故选E。
3．答案：A
4．答案：G
解析：上文“John says that jumping is important to maintain good bone density.”说明跳跃对于良好骨密度的重要性，A项(然而，在零重力下跳跃真的很难。)承接上文。故选A。
解析：下文“When you're jumping ... she says.”说明这种机器可以让人感受到它的益处，G项(Tess Morris Paterson(特丝·莫里斯·帕特森)一直在测试这台机器，她说这项锻炼对她的全身都有好处。)引出下文。故选G。
5．答案：C
解析：下文“And it is hoped it will join some astronauts in space in the near future！”说明人们的期望，C项(明年，这台机器将在零重力下进行测试。)引出下文。故选C。
