高考科学复习解决方案 英语
一 背记单词/词块
◎规范
1．loan n. 贷款；借款
2．obligation n. 义务；职责；责任
3．duty n. 责任
◎行为
4．narration n. 叙述；讲述；解说
5．bet n. 打赌 vi.& vt. 下赌注
6．spot vt. 看见；注意到
7．dare vi.& modal v. 胆敢
8．postpone vt. 延迟；延期；延缓
9．odd adj. 奇怪的；怪异的；反常的
10．hug vt.& vi. 拥抱；抱紧
11．pursue vt. 追求
12．manner n. 举止
13．frown n．& vi. 皱眉
14．maintain vt. 维持
◎位置
15．beneath adv.& prep. 在(或往)……下面；在……的表面之下
16．nowhere adv. 无处；哪里都不
17．sequence vt. 按顺序排列
18．downstairs adv. 顺楼梯而下；在楼下；往楼下
19．aside adv. 到旁边
20．external adj. 外部的；外面的；外来的
◎艺术
21．scene n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场
22．narrator n. (书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；(电视节目中的)幕后解说员
23．opera n. 歌剧
24．musical n. 音乐剧
◎职业
25．judge n. 法官；审判员；裁判员
26．servant n. 仆人
27．tailor n. 裁缝
28．clerk n. 职员；文书；店员
29．ambassador n. 大使；使节；代表
◎描述词
30．plastic adj. 塑料的
31．extent n. 程度；限度；大小；范围
32．eventually adv. 最后
33．indeed adv. 其实；实际上；当然；确实
34．upper class adj. 上流社会的；上等阶层的
35．upper adj. 上面的；上层的；靠上部的
36．the upper class 上流社会；上等阶层
◎其他
37．consulate n. 领事馆
38．sort n. 种类
39．dinosaur n. 恐龙
40．stair n. 楼梯；梯级
41．element n. 要素；基本部分
42．plot n. 故事情节；布局；阴谋
43．saying n. 谚语；格言；警句
二 词形变化
1．base n．根基→basis n. 基础→basic adj. 基础的
2．apologise vi. 道歉→apology n. 道歉
3．ignore vt. 忽视→ignorant adj. 无知的→ignorance n. 无知
4．judge vt.& vi. 评价；判断→judg(e)ment n. 评价；判断
5．sail vi.& vt. 航行→sailing n. 航行→sailor n. 水手
6．mine v. 采矿→mining n. 采矿→miner n. 矿工
7．patient adj. 耐心的→patiently adv. 有耐心地→impatiently adv. 没有耐心地→patience n. 耐心
8．indicate vt.& vi. 表明→indication n. 表明
9．intend v. 打算→intention n. 打算；目的
10．hesitate vi. 犹豫→hesitant adj. 迟疑的→hesitation n. 犹豫
11．option n. 可选择的事物→optional adj. 可选择的
12．broad adj. 宽阔的→broaden vt. 变宽→broadly adv. 宽广地
13．normal adj. 正常的→abnormal adj. 不正常的→normally adv. 通常
14．will modal v. 将→willing adj. 愿意→willingly adv. 愿意地→unwilling adj. 不愿意的→willingness n. 乐意
15．permit vt.& vi. 允许→permission n. 准许
1．He intended to launch a campaign with the intention of raising people's awareness of protecting the environment. (intend)
2．He apologised to me for making such a foolish mistake and I willingly accepted his apology．(apologise)
3．She decided to explore her options before making a final decision. Attending the workshop was optional,__but it provided valuable insights that helped her make her choice.(option)
4．As an old saying goes, “Don't judge a book by its cover.” Our judg(e)ment should be based on facts. (judge)
5．Based on your current English level, you should try your best to increase your basic knowledge on a daily basis．(base)
6．He hesitated to tell his parents the bad news, but his teacher told him that he should do without hesitation．(hesitate)
7．The boy with broad shoulders and wide eyes participated in the activity to broaden his horizons. (broad)
8．Before the emergency can be controlled, no one will be__permitted to leave the community without permission. (permit)
三 熟词生义
1.scene [熟义] n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面
[生义] n. 活动领域，圈子
2．bet [熟义] n. 打赌；赌注 vi.& vt. 下赌注；用……打赌
[生义] vt. 敢说
3．spot [熟义] n. 地点；处所
[生义] vt. 看见；注意到；发现 n. 斑点；污迹
4．tailor [熟义] n. (男装)裁缝
[生义] v. 专门制作；定做
5．plot [熟义] n. 故事情节；梗概
[生义] v. 设计(作品情节)；密谋；策划 n. 布局；阴谋
6．maintain [熟义] vt. 维持；保持；维修；保养
[生义] v. 坚持认为
1．I'll bet you he knows all about it.
我敢说他知道一切。
2．For me, the hardest thing about writing is plotting the story.
对我来说，写作最难的部分就是设计故事情节。
3．He maintained that such things should never be done again.
他坚持认为再也不能做这样的事情了。
4．She said she spotted my wallet on a bus seat.
她说她在公交车座椅上发现了我的钱包。
5．The Beatles became the hottest band on the pop music scene in England.
披头士乐队成为英国流行音乐圈最火的乐队。
6．The program provides courses tailored to the learner's needs.
该课程为学习者提供量身定制的课程。
小积累 word families
1. ate→ ation名词变化 ①hesitate→hesitation 犹豫 ②indicate→indication 表明 ③graduate→graduation 毕业 ④translate→translation 翻译 ⑤accommodate→accommodation 住宿 2.种种“看”法 ①spot v. 看见 ②stare v．& n. 凝视；盯着看 ③glare v．& n. 怒目而视 ④glance/glimpse v．& n. 扫视；一瞥 ⑤scan vt. 扫描；浏览 ⑥observe vt. 观察 3.“by＋名词”短语 ①by__accident 偶然地 ②by coincidence 巧合地 ③by chance 偶然地 ④by__design 故意地 ⑤by__mistake 错误地
一 词表短语
1．on__the__basis__of 在某事的基础上；根据某事
2．take__out__a__loan 取得贷款
3．in__return 作为回报；作为回应
4．make__a__bet 打个赌
5．as__a__matter__of__fact 事实上；其实；说真的
6．by__accident 偶然地；意外地
7．to__be__honest 说实话；坦率地说
8．ought__to 应该；应当
9．be__about__to__do__sth 即将或正要(做某事)
10．in__case 以防；以防万一
11．to__...__extent 到……程度；在……程度上
12．on__duty 值班；执勤
13．in__a__...__manner 以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子
14．in__that__case 既然那样；假使那样的话
15．be__willing__to__do__sth 愿意或乐意做某事
选用上面的短语填空
1．If you're feeling unwell, in__that__case,__you should probably stay home and rest.
2．The company made its decision on__the__basis__of market research and consumer feedback.
3．She always carries an umbrella with her in__case it rains suddenly.
4．She is__willing__to help others, which is why she volunteers at the community center every weekend.
5．She offered to help with the project, and in__return,__they promised to support her proposal.
6．To__be__honest/As__a__matter__of__fact,__I was skeptical about the plan at first, but the results have been impressive.
7．The students were__about__to start their exam when the fire alarm went off.
8．We met each other by__accident at the coffee shop downtown.
二 写作词块
1．on__a__regular__basis 定期地；经常地
2．single use__plastic__products 一次性塑料制品
3．attach__too__much__importance__to__money 过于重视金钱
4．use__money__wisely__and__properly 明智而恰当地使用金钱
5．pursue__a__career__in__medicine 从医
6．a__waste__of__time__and__money 浪费时间和金钱
7．enjoy__life__to__the__fullest 充分地享受生活
8．end__in__nothing 一无所获
9．do__a__sort 进行分类
10．achieve__the__goals 实现目标
11．a__key__element 主要因素
12．the__root__of__all__evil 万恶之源
1．(教材P52)是那条船把你带到了英国。(“it is/was ... that ...”强调句型)
And__it__was__the__ship__that__brought__you__to__England.
2．(教材P56)接着，他把钞票对折起来，然后又慢慢摊开，好像在看一个他不相信存在的东西。(as if引导省略句)
Then__he__folds__the__bill__and__slowly__unfolds__it__again,__as__if__looking__at__something__he__can't__believe__is__there.
3．(教材P56)记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……(否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装)
I__remember__thinking__that__never__would__I__hold__such__a__note__as__this__...__
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．intend v. 打算；计划→intention n. 打算；计划；意图；目的→intended adj. 故意的，有意的
2．ignore vt. 忽视；对……不予理会→ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的→ignorance n. 无知；愚昧
3．patience n. 耐心；忍耐力；毅力→patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人→patiently adv. 有耐心地→impatiently adv. 没有耐心地
4．apologise (also apologize) vi. 道歉；谢罪→apology n. 道歉
5．basis n. 基础；根据；基点→base n. 基础；根基；底座 v. 以……为基础；根据→basic adj. 基础的；基本的
6．opt v. 选择→option n. 可选择的事物；选择；选择权→optional adj. 可选择的
7．hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→hesitant adj. 迟疑的；犹豫不决的→hesitation n. 犹豫；迟疑
8．broad adj. 宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的→broaden vt. (使)变宽；(使)扩大→broadly adv. 宽广地；广泛地
9．willing adj. 愿意；乐意→willingly adv. 乐意地→unwilling adj. 不愿意的；勉强的→willingness n．乐意；心甘情愿
10．permit vt.& vi. 允许；准许；使有可能 n. 许可证→permission n. 准许；许可；批准；许可证
拔高词汇— 高分必备
1.bilingual/ baI'lI ɡw l/adj. 会说两种语言的 2．sympathize/'sImp θaIz/v. 同情；赞同 3．interpersonal/ Int 'p s n( )l/adj. 人际的；人与人之间的 4．self conscious/ self 'k n s/adj. 难为情的；刻意的 5.insult/In's lt/n.& v. 侮辱；辱骂 6．troublesome/'tr b( )ls m/adj. 令人烦恼的；令人痛苦的 7．breeze/bri z/n. 微风，和风 8．circulate/'s kj leIt/v. (液体或气体)环流，循环
二、重点语块
On__the__basis__of (在……的基础上) a sudden idea, John decided to start his own business. It wasn't planned. As__a__matter__of__fact (事实上), he came across the opportunity by__accident (偶然地) while browsing through a forum. To fund his venture, he had to take__out__a__loan (取得贷款) from the bank, which made him a bit nervous but also excited for the future. His friend, Mike, who was on__duty (值班) that day at the bank, encouraged him, saying, “As the saying goes, fortune favors the bold.” Feeling emboldened, John even made__a__bet (打赌) with Mike that his business would succeed within a year. Just in__case (以防) things didn't go as planned, John made sure to have a contingency plan in place. However, he also recognized that beyond the financial risks, there was a moral__obligation (道义责任) to give his all to his new endeavor, not just for his sake but also for those who believed in him.
三、重点句式
1．是音乐让我在艰难的时刻感到快乐。(强调句型)
It__was__the__music__that made me feel happy during the tough times.
2．我从未见过如此美丽的日落。(否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装)
Never__have__I__seen such a beautiful sunset.
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P52】事实上，我流落英国是一场意外。
As__a__matter__of__fact,__I__landed__in__Britain__by__accident.
2．【教材P52】我不要你们的施舍。我只想要一份有诚实收入的工作。
I__don't__want__your__charity.__I__just__want__a__job__that__earns__an__honest__income.
3．【教材P56】(看着他，皱了皱眉头)符合你尺码的就只有这件了。
(looking__at__him__with__a__frown)__It's__all__we__have__in__your__size.
4．【教材P56】现在，你不应该以貌取人。
Now,__you__shouldn't__judge__people__by__their__clothes.
硬核考点
考点1 apologise vi. 道歉；谢罪 apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologise to sb that ... 向某人道歉…… express/make/offer an apology to sb (for sth) (因某事)向某人道歉 owe sb an apology 应向某人道歉 accept sb's apology 接受某人的道歉 refuse/turn down sb's apology 拒绝某人的道歉
1.Terribly sorry again. I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my shoes and accept my apology (apologise)．
2．I apologised to my neighbour for accidentally damaging their fence while playing ball.
3．He turned down her apology, insisting that the damage was already done and couldn't be undone.
4．我写信来表达我诚挚的歉意，我无法和你一起去徒步旅行了。(写作佳句)
I am writing to express/make/offer__my__sincere__apology that I fail to go hiking with you.
考点2 judge vt.& vi. 评价；评判；判断 n. 法官；审判员；裁判员 judge ... from/by ... 根据……判断…… as far as sb can judge 据某人判断；某人认为 judging by/from ... 从……判断(作状语) make a judg(e)ment on/about ... 对……作出评价
1.He refused to make a judg(e)ment (judge) about the situation.
2．从上述故事中我们可以得出结论，即我们不能以貌取人。
Judging__from__the__above__story we can draw the conclusion that we shouldn't judge__a__man__by/from__his__looks.
3．据我判断，未来几天天气都将是晴天。
As__far__as__I__can__judge,__the__weather__is__going__to__stay__sunny__for__the__next__few__days.
考点3 spot vt. 看见；注意到；发现 n. 地点；处所；斑点；污迹；点缀 spot sb/sth 发现/认出某人/某物 spot sb/sth doing sth 发现某人/某物正在做某事 be spotted with ... 散布着……；点缀着…… on the spot 当场；立即；马上
1.I looked around and finally spotted (spot) David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence.
2．我们躺在草地上，凝视着繁星点点的夜空。(写作佳句)
We lay on the grass, staring__at__the__night__sky__which__was__spotted__with__twinkling__stars．
3．不仅将展出各种剪纸作品，工匠们还将现场向游客展示如何将纸张剪成不同的形状。(写作佳句)
Not only will all kinds of paper cutting works be on display, but__the__craftsmen__will__show__visitors__how__to__cut__paper__into__different__shapes__on__the__spot.
考点4 hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑 hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事 hesitate about/over (doing) sth (做)某事犹豫不决 without (any) hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
1.Without any hesitation, dropping his phone and keys on land, Frank jumped in.(写作佳句)
2．Before stepping into the cold water, she hesitated to__dive (dive) in, feeling the shiver run down her spine.
3．I__hesitated__for__a__while (我犹豫了一会儿), wondering how to hide my inner embarrassment.
4．他犹豫着要不要告诉父母他要搬出去的计划，因为他害怕父母的反对。
He__hesitated__about/over__telling__his__parents__about__his__plans__to__move__out,__fearing their disapproval.
【外研版选择性必修第四册写作佳句】
To succeed in business, you need more than a good idea, hard work and determination.
要想在事业上取得成功，你需要的不仅仅是好的理念、勤奋和决心。
考点5 manner n. 举止；行为方式；方法； [pl.]礼貌；礼仪 in a(n) ... manner 以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子 It's good/bad manners to do sth 做某事是有/没有礼貌的 table manners 餐桌礼仪 mind one's manners 注意礼貌
1.He spoke to her in a polite manner, even though he was upset with her actions.
2．It's good manners to__wait (wait) for your turn in line and not cut in front of others.
3．He was taught from a young age to__always__mind__his__manners (总是注意礼貌) and say “please” and “thank you” when asking for something.
4．此外，餐桌礼仪也是你应该非常重视的。(写作佳句)
Besides, table__manners__are__also__what__you__should__attach__great__importance__to.
考点6 permit v. 允许；准许；使有可能 (permitted; permitted; permitting) n. 许可证 permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 permit doing sth 允许做某事 ask for (one's) permission 请求(某人的)允许 with/without (one's) permission 允许/未经(某人的)允许
1.(2023·浙江高考1月)Citizens of higher social classes were__permitted (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles.
2．It is illegal to reproduce these worksheets without permission (permit) from the publisher.
3．The park permits camping (camp) only in designated areas.
4．如果天气允许，在我们学校体育场举行的比赛将于下午2点开始，并持续大约3个小时。(写作佳句)
Weather__permitting/If__weather__permits,__the__competition__to__be__held__in__our__school__stadium__will__begin__at__2__pm and last for roughly 3 hours.
考点7 in return 作为回报；作为回应 in return for ... 作为……的报答 on/upon one's return＝on/upon returning 某人一回来 in turn 轮流；反过来，相反 by turns 轮流；逐个
1.Lying in the bag was a $20 bill, which I had offered in return for their help.
2．On/Upon returning, their reunion after a long separation brought mixed feelings of joy and sorrow to them both.
3．用英语自由表达总是给我一种自豪感，这反过来又激励我更好地学习英语。(写作佳句)
Free__expression__in__English__always__gives__me__a__sense__of__pride,__which__in__turn__inspires__me__to__learn__English__better.
考点8 否定副词位于句首，引起句子部分倒装 否定副词置于句首，其所在句应用部分倒装，将情态动词、系动词或助动词提前。 常用的表示否定意义的副词：never, not, little, rarely, seldom, hardly, scarcely, neither, nor等。 表示“绝不”的介词短语： at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition等。
1.很少有任何一种产品是在任何一个国家生产的。
Rarely__is__any__one__product made in any one country.
2．任何时候都不应在困难面前屈服。(写作佳句)
At__no__time__should__we__give__in__to__difficulties.
3．当我听到我的名字被叫到时，我几乎不敢相信我的耳朵。我做梦也没想到我会被授予一等奖。(写作佳句)
Hardly__could__I__believe__my__ears__when__I__heard__my__name__called.__Never__in__my__wildest__dream__did__I__imagine__I__would__be__awarded__the__first__prize.
【译林版选择性必修第二册写作佳句】
We were told that the competitors would be raising money for charity, and while I didn't feel that I had a strong constitution to run that far, I thought the next best thing would be to help those who could.
我们被告知，参赛选手将为慈善事业筹集资金，虽然我觉得我的身体不够强壮，跑不了那么远，但我认为接下来最好的事情就是帮助那些能做到的人。
强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．I didn't have the intention to ignore your tips, so I owe you an apology (apologise)．
2．She handled the situation in a calm and composed manner, which impressed everyone.
3．The original intention (intend) of the project is to involve more people in our voluntary activities and spread warm love like sunshine.
4．Mary is very selfish and unkind; that's why I am unwilling (willing) to make friends with her.
5．My parents permit me to__stay (stay) up late on weekends to watch movies.
6．We were dancing happily when smoke was spotted rising (rise) from the kitchen, which panicked us.
7．The man was about to leave my house when there was a knock at the door.
8．He knows better than to judge by/from appearances.
9．Yesterday, she said she would__visit (visit) her grandmother the next day.
10．Despite needing help, he hesitated to__reach (reach) out to his friends, feeling embarrassed about his situation.
二、熟词生义
1．Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue.现场
2．During the game, the coach spotted a talented new player who showed great potential. 发现
3．We can tailor the programme to the patient's needs.定制
4．The plot to murder the president was uncovered. 阴谋
5．He bets that his team will win the championship this year. 敢断定
三、构词法
词缀 含义 例词
tion 表示行为，状态，过程 obligation,__intention, action, addition, affection, attraction, celebration, civilization, condition
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．I can tell you, there was a celebration in our house that night.庆祝活动
2．The doctor advised her to rest in a quiet condition for a few days. 环境
3．It was not my intention that she should suffer.意图
4．The beauty of the waterfall is a natural attraction that draws visitors from all over. 有吸引力的事物
5．Her skills in painting are an addition to her already impressive talents. 额外
6．The Victorians regarded the railways as bringing progress and civilization. 文明
四、补全句子
1．他站在泳池边，犹豫着要不要下水。(hesitate)
He was standing by the swimming pool, hesitating__about/over__whether__or__not__to__dive__in．
2．他正要关窗户，突然一只小鸟吸引了他的注意力。(be about to do sth)
He was__about__to__close__the__window__when his attention was caught by a bird.
3．人工智能绝不能与人类作家相提并论，因为它学不会真情实感，也没有创作灵魂。(否定词位于句首引起的部分倒装)
In__no__case__can__artificial__intelligence__be__compared__with__human__writers,__because it cannot learn true feelings and has no creative soul.
4．我鼓起勇气，为我的不当行为向他真诚地道歉。(apology)
I gathered my courage, and sincerely made__an__apology__to__him__for__my__misconduct.
5．你应该通过人的行为来判断他的性格，而不是通过他的言语。(judge)
You should judge__people's__character__by__their__actions,__not by their words.
6．她送给我一份漂亮的礼物，作为回应，我给她写了一封衷心的感谢信。(in return)
She gave me a beautiful gift, and__in__return,__I__wrote__her__a__heartfelt__thank you__note．
五、长难句分析
(2024·全国甲卷)That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like.
句意：这就是为什么大多数宠物猫都能立即分辨出它们的主人是否在其他猫周围，而它们通常不喜欢这样。
分析：句子主干是That's__...__any__other__cats，是“主系表”结构。why引导表语从句，if引导宾语从句，作动词tell的宾语；which引导非限制性定语从句，解释说明前面的句子their owners were around any other cats。
读写用—素养提升
一、深化阅读——明晰考向 以阅读养阅读
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种室内花园系统——巴比伦微农场(BMF)的优势，它不仅能为家庭和大型机构提供新鲜蔬菜，还能利用云技术远程监控和自动化操作，促进了可持续性和环保。
28．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1
A．It guarantees the variety of food.
B．It requires day to day care.
C．It cuts the farm to table distance.
D．It relies on farmer's markets.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, most produce at the store ... reaching the table.”和“Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more”可知，大部分商店的农产品要经历几周的运输并跨越很长距离才能到达人们的餐桌。BMF公司大大缩短了这一过程。故选C。
29．What information does the convenient app offer
A．Real time weather changes.
B．Current condition of the plants.
C．Chemical pollutants in the soil.
D．Availability of pre seeded pods.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“there is a ... in real time”可知，便捷的应用程序实时提供植物的生长数据。故选B。
30．What can be concluded about BMF employees
A．They have a great passion for sports.
B．They are devoted to community service.
C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D．They have a strong environmental awareness.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，BMF员工们在日常生活中践行可持续发展，大约半数的员工走路或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶数量及避免使用一次性塑料的方式鼓励回收利用及减少废物。他们都热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学物质。由此可推知，BMF公司的员工有着强烈的环保意识。故选D。
31．What does the text mainly talk about
A．BMF's major strengths.
B．BMF's general management.
C．BMF's global influence.
D．BMF's technical standards.
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍BMF公司缩短了食物到餐桌的运输过程，第二至四段介绍了BMF的创新设计系统及其优势，最后一段介绍了BMF员工在生活和工作中践行可持续发展。由此可知，文章主要介绍了BMF的优势。故选A。
推断人物性格/品质题——“言行一致”法
1．人物的“行”
①留意文中对人物的细节描写，即语言、动作、心理、神态、肖像等描写；
②关注能体现人物的性格或品质的所作所为。
2．他人的“言”
通过文中其他人对人物的议论、评价，从侧面更好、更全面地把握人物的性格/品质。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材 情绪描写——害怕、恐惧
感到恐惧 get frightened/scared
充满恐惧 be full of/filled with fear
恐惧感 a feeling of fear
害怕…… in fear of ...
一阵恐惧涌上某人心头 a flood of fear wells up in sb
使某人毛骨悚然 make one's flesh creep
吓呆了 freeze with terror
惊恐地 in panic/terror
吓得脸色苍白 face turns pale with fear
膝盖发软 one's knees feel weak
(因害怕等)冒冷汗 in a cold sweat
因恐惧而颤抖 a tremble of fear
因害怕而哽咽 choke with fear
吓得全身颤抖 be scared to tremble from head to toe
使某人毛骨悚然 make one's hair stand on end
提心吊胆 have one's heart in one's mouth
使某人不寒而栗 make one's blood run cold
把某人吓得要死 scare sb to death
吓得某人魂不附体 be scared out of one's wits
恐惧笼罩着某人 fear creeps over sb
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·湖南省邵阳市邵东市第一中学高三第二次月考)
Investment Competition
About the Competition
The Wharton Global High School Investment Competition is a free, online investment simulation (模拟) for high school students(9th to 12th grade)and teachers. Students work in teams of four to seven, guided by a teacher as their advisor (顾问). Together, they learn about teamwork, communication, risk, companies and industry analysis and many other important aspects of investing.
Teams examine a brief case study featuring a potential client and are tasked with working closely to meet that client's long term investment goals. Equipped with an approved stock list and the Wharton Investment Simulator (WInS), which allows them to simulate (模拟) stock trading, students develop an investment strategy, analyze sectors and companies, and build a portfolio (投资组合) using $100，000 in virtual cash provided by WInS over the course of 10 weeks. Winners are selected on the strength of their team strategies, not on the growth of their portfolios.
Results
Final reports are reviewed by a team of judges, who select 50 semi finalist teams. Those teams are invited to present their strategies to a panel of expert judges at the virtual semifinals. The top 10 teams from the semifinals move on to the final of the competition, the Global Finale, at Wharton in Philadelphia.
Please Remember
Once advisors register for the competition, they will receive a confirmation email with instructions to set up their student team accounts on WInS, our trading platform. Student team accounts must be set up no later than September 20. In order to complete the registration form, advisors will need to：
Choose the username and password for their advisor accounts.
Provide their school issued email address, as well as a back up email address where all competition communications will be sent.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了沃顿商学院全球高中投资竞赛的详细情况。
1．What's the function of WInS
A．Offering virtual cash.
B．Studying some brief cases.
C．Making people win business.
D．Understanding clients' requirements.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据About the Competition部分第二段中的“students develop an investment ... WInS over the course of 10 weeks”可知，WInS的功能是给参赛者提供虚拟现金。故选A。
2．What can we know about the Global Finale
A．All final reports must be delivered to it.
B．It's the highest level of the competition.
C．It's a final graded by clients' opinions.
D．About fifty teams can participate in it.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Results部分中的“The top 10 teams ... at Wharton in Philadelphia.”可知，the Global Finale是这个比赛的最后决赛，也就是最高级别的比赛。故选B。
3．What should advisors do after registering for the competition
A．Send a confirmation email to judges.
B．Guide students to create their own accounts.
C．Ensure team members are from the same school.
D．Build the student team accounts on the specific platform.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Please Remember部分第一段中的“Once advisors register for ... our trading platform.”可知，注册参加比赛后，顾问应该在特定平台上建立学生团队账户。故选D。
B
(2025·四川省遂宁涪江中学高三月考)If a stranger offered you a free cookie, you might well eat it. But what if they offered to also give you $2 You might politely decline and walk away thinking, “Something smells fishy.”
In a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money”， as well as unusually cheap services, because they seem “too good to be true”．
In the initial experiment, nearly 40 percent of participants ate a cookie offered freely—compared with about 20 percent of those offered $2 as well. “People typically imagine things like someone did something disgusting to the cookie，” says study lead author Andrew J. Vonasch, a psychological scientist at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand.
Nine further experiments used online questionnaires to present other cases. These included being offered money to accept a ride home and surprisingly cheap flights. In each case, past a certain threshold (门槛), higher potential monetary gain reduced participants' likelihood of accepting the offer.
Vonasch says the study illustrates that contrary to the “standard economic model”， which supposes humans always seek to maximize gains, transactions (交易) need to also be understood as social interactions between people trying to understand each other's minds.
If someone seems to violate accepted norms, such as self interest, without any explanation, we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be “phantom costs”， imagined consequences that reduce what Vonasch calls an offer's “psychological value”. Factors beyond the present moment may come into play. “Understanding that others' perceived overgenerosity may put us in their debt could also help explain people's reluctance，” says Vonasch.
The researchers also showed how to mitigate (减轻) the effect: simply provide a reason for the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a condition where the seats were revealed to be very uncomfortable. “Uncomfortable seats aren't typically a selling point，” Vonasch says. “But telling people the seats were uncomfortable made them more willing to take them because it was sufficient explanation.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过讲述为什么人们会拒绝看似过于慷慨的优惠或免费赠品来探讨经济学和心理学之间的联系。
4．Why might people reject an offer of $2 along with a free cookie
A．They dislike a money related offer.
B．They distrust the true value of the offer.
C．They think the offer is not good enough.
D．They suspect the offer only lasts a short time.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，研究人员发现，人们倾向于拒绝“意外之财”，以及异常便宜的服务，因为它们看起来“好得令人难以置信”。由此可知，人们会拒绝2美元外加一块免费饼干的提议是因为他们不相信这份提议的真正价值。故选B。
5．What aspect of the nine further experiments is introduced in Paragraph 4
A．The moral concerns.
B．The research method.
C．The experiments' duration.
D．The participants' background.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段(另外九项实验使用在线问卷来呈现其他情况。其中包括给钱搭车回家，以及便宜得惊人的机票。在每一种情况下，超过一定的门槛，更高的潜在金钱收益降低了参与者接受提议的可能性。)可推知，本段介绍了九个进一步实验的研究方法。故选B。
6．Which psychological factor best explains the findings of the study
A．Fearful of “phantom costs”．
B．Afraid of violating social norms.
C．Committed to the standard economic model.
D．Unconcerned about an offer's “psychological value”．
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段(如果有人似乎违反了公认的规范，比如自私自利，而没有任何解释，我们就会假设他们有隐藏的动机，并推断会有“隐形成本”，即想象的后果会降低沃纳什所说的提议的“心理价值”，当下的因素之外，还可能有其他因素在起作用。沃纳什说：“理解别人的过度慷慨可能会让我们欠他们的债，这也有助于解释人们的不情愿。”)可推知，害怕“隐形成本”这一因素解释了研究的发现。故选A。
7．Why does the author mention the “cheap flights” experiment
A．To stress the unpredictability of human choices.
B．To illustrate how hidden motives affect people's choices.
C．To emphasize the importance of providing clear examples.
D．To show giving justifications can increase acceptance of offers.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Uncomfortable seats aren't ... it was sufficient explanation.’(‘不舒服的座位通常不是卖点，’沃纳什说。‘但告诉人们座位不舒服会让他们更愿意坐，因为这是一个充分的解释。’)”可推知，作者提到“廉价航班”实验是为了表明给出理由可以增加提议的接受度。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·广东省陆河外国语学校高三月考)Twenty years ago, I was months into my first job at a start up independent publishing company in New York. One afternoon, I __1__ a train with a load of hot off the press catalogues (目录簿)—our first time to list every one of our titles. I was on my way to __2__ my aunt, who'd agreed to __3__ them to her friends.
Back then, I was much less __4__； somehow I made it on the train but I hadn't had time to buy a __5__. I figured I'd buy one on board. When the conductor came to stand next to me, I opened my __6__ and found nothing inside. They didn't __7__ credit cards back then. I was told to get off at the next station. __8__， the man next to me handed $15 to the conductor. I was beyond grateful and __9__； I promised him I would send him a check, which he __10__. I made him write down his address, though.
Later, I wrote a check, __11__ it in a letter, and sent it off. I expressed my __12__ again and included my email address. Soon he emailed me and we __13__ a lasting friendship.
That __14__ action has stayed with me. Thinking about that day, I __15__ myself to be much kinder to strangers and to focus on the good in people.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者坐火车时身上没带现金，对方也不接受信用卡支付，这时一位好心的陌生人为作者付了钱，事后作者归还了钱，两人也成为了朋友的故事。
1．A.came across B．rushed onto
C．passed by D．looked for
答案：B
解析：come across偶遇；rush onto冲到；pass by路过；look for寻找。根据后文“a train with a load of hot off the press catalogues (目录簿)”可知，此处指作者带着目录簿上了火车。故选B。
2．A.visit B．help
C．rescue D．introduce
答案：A
解析：visit拜访，参观；help帮助；rescue救援；introduce介绍。根据后文“my aunt”可知，作者拿着目录簿去拜访姑妈。故选A。
3．A.return B．explain
C．connect D．distribute
答案：D
解析：return返回；explain解释；connect连接；distribute分配。根据后文“them to her friends”可知，此处指把目录簿分发给朋友。故选D。
4．A.determined B．objective
C．organized D．professional
答案：C
解析：determined坚定的；objective客观的；organized有组织的；有安排的；professional专业的。根据后文“somehow I made it on the train but I hadn't had time to buy a”可知，作者赶上了火车，但没时间买票，说明事先没有规划好。故选C。
5．A.ticket B．card
C．gift D．book
答案：A
解析：ticket车票；card卡片；gift礼物；book书。根据后文“I figured I'd buy one on board.”可知，作者没时间买车票。故选A。
6．A.parcel B．wallet
C．envelope D．bottle
答案：B
解析：parcel包裹；wallet钱包；envelope信封；bottle瓶子。根据前文“When the conductor came to stand next to me, I opened”可知，作者要买车票，所以打开了钱包。故选B。
7．A.cancel B．reject
C．provide D．accept
答案：D
解析：cancel取消；reject拒绝；provide提供；accept接受。根据后文“credit cards back then”可知，此处指不接受信用卡付款。故选D。
8．A.Naturally B．Unexpectedly
C．Doubtfully D．Disagreeably
答案：B
解析：naturally自然地；unexpectedly意外地；doubtfully怀疑地；disagreeably不愉快地。根据后文“the man next to me handed $15 to the conductor”可知，意外的是一个陌生人为作者买了车票。故选B。
9．A.embarrassed B．disturbed
C．annoyed D．dissatisfied
答案：A
解析：embarrassed尴尬的；disturbed焦虑的；annoyed生气的；dissatisfied不满足的。结合前文可知，作者没带钱买票，所以是感到尴尬。故选A。
10．A.gave away B．checked out
C．laughed off D．sent back
答案：C
解析：give away赠送；check out结账；laugh off一笑置之；send back退回。根据后文“I made him write down his address, though.”可知，对方并不在意作者是不是能还钱，即一笑置之。故选C。
11．A.lost B．unfolded
C．noticed D．enclosed
答案：D
解析：lose丢失；unfold展现；notice注意到；enclose随信附上。根据前文“I wrote a check”可知，此处指把支票附在信中寄出。故选D。
12．A.appreciation B．admiration
C．amazement D．approval
答案：A
解析：appreciation感激；admiration钦佩；amazement惊讶；approval赞成。根据前文“I was beyond grateful”以及后文“again”可知，此处指作者再次表达了感激。故选A。
13．A.destroyed B．inspired
C．formed D．reported
答案：C
解析：destroy破坏；inspire鼓舞；form形成；report报告。根据后文“a lasting friendship”可知，两人形成了长久的友谊。故选C。
14．A.romantic B．generous
C．emergent D．symbolic
答案：B
解析：romantic浪漫的；generous慷慨的；emergent新兴的；symbolic有象征意义的。结合前文可知，陌生人为作者付了车票钱，是慷慨之举。故选B。
15．A.force B．allow
C．warn D．remind
答案：D
解析：force迫使；allow允许；warn警告；remind提醒。根据后文“myself to be ... in people”可知，此处指这次经历后，作者开始提醒自己要对陌生人友善一些，要关注人们的优点。故选D。
聚焦写作 一箭三雕
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2025·安徽省六安市叶集区叶集皖西当代中学高三月考)Teenagers live very busy lives now and often forget to think about their diets and exercise. The __1__ (true) is, healthy eating with regular exercise is the only way __2__ (keep) fit.
During your teenage __3__ (year), it is important to give your body the energy it needs. Teenage girls need about 2，200 calories a day and boys need a bit __4__ (much). Doctors suggest 50% of your calories should come __5__ rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses __6__ day. Drinking enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair.
Exercise is something that can help you to be healthy. Teenagers __7__ (advise) to spend at least 30 minutes __8__ (exercise), five times a week. When you exercise, your body will produce something that makes you feel __9__ (relax). It __10__ even help you sleep better at night and let you be more attentive and confident when you study.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康的饮食和有规律的锻炼是青少年保持健康的方法。
1．答案：truth
解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用名词作主语，the truth 意为“事实，真相”。故填truth。
2．答案：to keep
解析：考查非谓语动词。way后接不定式作定语。故填to keep。
3．答案：years
解析：考查名词。year为可数名词，青少年时期不止一年，应用名词复数。故填years。
4．答案：more
解析：考查代词。句意：十几岁的女孩每天需要大约2，200卡路里的热量，男孩需要更多。设空处应用more，指代“更多的热量”。故填more。
5．答案：from
解析：考查介词。come from意为“来自”，为固定短语。故填from。
6．答案：a
解析：考查冠词。此处day表示泛指，且其发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
7．答案：are advised
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作谓语，advise与主语Teenagers是被动关系，且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数。故填are advised。
8．答案：exercising
解析：考查非谓语动词。spend＋时间＋(in) doing sth意为“花费时间做某事”。故填exercising。
9．答案：relaxed
解析：考查词性转换。设空处作表语，说明人的感受，应用relaxed，意为“感到放松的”。故填relaxed。
10．答案：can
解析：考查情态动词。句意：它甚至可以帮助你晚上睡得更好并且让你在学习时更加专注和自信。根据设空后的help并结合句意可知，此处应用can表示“能够”。故填can。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
(2025·江苏省镇江市丹阳市丹阳高级中学高三一模)假如你是李华，你校上周举行了主题为“太空”的年度“科学节”活动，活动持续了一周。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．具体活动；
3．活动反响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Science Festival goes off with a bang!
[精彩范文]
Science Festival goes off with a bang!
Our annual school Science Festival finished on Friday and once again it was amazing fun.
To encourage students to take an interest in space exploration, this year's theme was “Space”. On Monday afternoon, we attended a lecture about whether life can exist on other planets. In Thursday's Science Workshop, students tried different experiments with great interest. On Friday afternoon, every class decorated their classroom and designed activities according to the theme of space.
The festival attracted much interest from students and everyone is looking forward to next year's Science Festival.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·黑龙江省实验中学高三第二次月考)One morning in December 2023, my co worker Al's email caught my attention: “Found: $20 bill on the floor in the lab at the end of the hall from the main building. See Alan W. to claim.”
Al's email reminded me of an incident that occurred on Christmas 40 years ago. Before heading out for Christmas shopping that evening, I had withdrawn $400 from the bank, foolishly stuffing eight fifty dollar bills in my front trousers pocket. On my way to Oakbrook Shopping Center, I stopped at SportMart to look at skiing equipment for my son.
Returning to the car, I discovered the bills were gone. This was $400 in 1983—a huge sum of money! Feeling terrible, I turned my pockets inside out, thinking how I could have been so careless! I turned on my car headlights and desperately looked for the bills in the snow covering parking area, but found nothing. This was the Chicago area. It was said that people in neighborhoods were not in the habit of turning in cash they found. At the thought of this, I was so sad. With low expectations, I returned to SportMart and started telling my awful tale to the store manager.
Hearing I'd lost cash, he interrupted, stating he needed to page (呼叫) the store quickly. Someone had earlier reported finding money. The customer wouldn't say how much or leave the money with the manager, but left his name. The manager was concerned he may have left.
I stopped breathing as the page broadcast. Minutes passed, and I was about to give up hope when a man and a boy approached the manager. The manager pointed them in my direction. He was in his mid thirties, with dark hair, a winter jacket, and a son about 10 or 12. He smiled, “The manager tells me you lost some money. Can you describe the amount and denominations (面额)？”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
I told him I'd lost $400, eight fifties. They left before I could ask them their names.
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了1983年圣诞节前，作者在芝加哥丢了400块钱，作者十分着急，他能找回丢失的钱吗？通过这次经历作者的感悟是什么？
[精彩范文]
I told him I'd lost $400, eight fifties. “That's good enough for us，” he said, and reached into his pocket and pulled out the roll of bills. Touching the bills carrying the father's body temperature, I felt waves of warmth on this cold night. I took out two bills and tried to hand them to his son, but his son shook his head. “You wouldn't want to ruin Christmas for me and my son, would you They are yours, and my son and I won't take them，” the father said.
They left before I could ask them their names. This is the most regrettable thing for me. I was too excited at the time and kept thanking them without asking their names in a timely manner. However, while I don't have their names, I'll never forget the Christmas gift from the two total strangers. Who said that in the Chicago area, people didn't return money when they found it In fact, there are many honest and kind people around us. Al's email has also proved this point.
27(共109张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
第一编 教材复习
必修第三册
UNIT 5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
单元话题 语法 写作
金钱的价值 情态动词(复习)和过去将来时 为《百万英镑》创作剧本
教材深挖
高效课时作业
目录
CONTENTS
2
3
高效晨背
1
高效晨背
一 背记单词/词块
◎规范
1．loan n. ________________
2．obligation n. __________________
3．________ n. 责任
◎行为
4．narration n. ____________________
5．________ n. 打赌 vi.& vt. 下赌注
贷款；借款
义务；职责；责任
duty
叙述；讲述；解说
bet
6．________ vt. 看见；注意到
7．________ vi.& modal v. 胆敢
8．postpone vt. _____________________
9．odd adj. ________________________
10．hug vt.& vi. ________________
11．________ vt. 追求
12．________ n. 举止
13．________ n．& vi. 皱眉
14．__________ vt. 维持
spot
dare
延迟；延期；延缓
奇怪的；怪异的；反常的
拥抱；抱紧
pursue
manner
frown
maintain
◎位置
15．beneath adv.& prep. __________________________________
16．nowhere adv. ________________
17．sequence vt. ________________
18．downstairs adv. ____________________________
19．________ adv. 到旁边
20．external adj. _________________________
在(或往)……下面；在……的表面之下
无处；哪里都不
按顺序排列
顺楼梯而下；在楼下；往楼下
aside
外部的；外面的；外来的
◎艺术
21．________ n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场
22．narrator n. _________________________________________________________
23．opera n. ________
24．musical n. ________________
◎职业
25．________ n. 法官；审判员；裁判员
26．________ n. 仆人
27．________ n. 裁缝
28．clerk n. ______________________
29．ambassador n. _____________________
scene
(书、戏剧或电影中的)叙述者；讲述者；(电视节目中的)幕后解说员
歌剧
音乐剧
judge
servant
tailor
职员；文书；店员
大使；使节；代表
◎描述词
30．________ adj. 塑料的
31．extent n. _________________________
32．____________ adv. 最后
33．indeed adv. _____________________________
34．upper class adj. ________________________
35．upper adj. ____________________________
36．the upper class _____________________
plastic
程度；限度；大小；范围
eventually
其实；实际上；当然；确实
上流社会的；上等阶层的
上面的；上层的；靠上部的
上流社会；上等阶层
◎其他
37．consulate n. ________________
38．________ n. 种类
39．dinosaur n. ________________
40．stair n. ________________
41．element n. ________________
42．plot n. ________________________
43．saying n. ___________________
领事馆
sort
恐龙
楼梯；梯级
要素；基本部分
故事情节；布局；阴谋
谚语；格言；警句
二 词形变化
1.base n．根基→________ n. 基础→________ adj. 基础的
2．apologise vi. 道歉→___________ n. 道歉
3．ignore vt. 忽视→________ adj. 无知的→__________ n. 无知
4．judge vt.& vi. 评价；判断→______________ n. 评价；判断
5．sail vi.& vt. 航行→________ n. 航行→________ n. 水手
6．mine v. 采矿→________ n. 采矿→________ n. 矿工
7．patient adj. 耐心的→___________ adv. 有耐心地→_____________ adv. 没有耐心地→___________ n. 耐心
basis
basic
apology
ignorant
ignorance
judg(e)ment
sailing
sailor
mining
miner
patiently
impatiently
patience
8．indicate vt.& vi. 表明→____________ n. 表明
9．intend v. 打算→__________ n. 打算；目的
10．hesitate vi. 犹豫→________ adj. 迟疑的→___________ n. 犹豫
11．option n. 可选择的事物→________ adj. 可选择的
12．broad adj. 宽阔的→________ vt. 变宽→________ adv. 宽广地
13．normal adj. 正常的→__________ adj. 不正常的→__________ adv. 通常
14．will modal v. 将→________ adj. 愿意→_________ adv. 愿意地→________ adj. 不愿意的→___________ n. 乐意
15．permit vt.& vi. 允许→___________ n. 准许
indication
intention
hesitant
hesitation
optional
broaden
broadly
abnormal
normally
willing
willingly
unwilling
willingness
permission
1．He __________ to launch a campaign with the __________ of raising people's awareness of protecting the environment. (intend)
2．He ____________ to me for making such a foolish mistake and I willingly accepted his ________．(apologise)
3．She decided to explore her ________ before making a final decision. Attending the workshop was ________， but it provided valuable insights that helped her make her choice.(option)
4．As an old saying goes, “Don't ______ a book by its cover.” Our ___________ should be based on facts. (judge)
intended
intention
apologised
apology
options
optional
judge
judg(e)ment
5．________ on your current English level, you should try your best to increase your ________ knowledge on a daily ________．(base)
6．He __________ to tell his parents the bad news, but his teacher told him that he should do without __________．(hesitate)
7．The boy with ________ shoulders and wide eyes participated in the activity to _________ his horizons. (broad)
8．Before the emergency can be controlled, no one will _____________ to leave the community without _____________. (permit)
Based
basic
basis
hesitated
hesitation
broad
broaden
be permitted
permission
1.scene [熟义] n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场；现场；场面
[生义] n. _________________
2．bet [熟义] n. 打赌；赌注 vi.& vt. 下赌注；用……打赌
[生义] vt. ______
3．spot [熟义] n. 地点；处所
[生义] vt. _____________________
n. ____________
三 熟词生义
活动领域，圈子
敢说
看见；注意到；发现
斑点；污迹
4．tailor [熟义] n. (男装)裁缝
[生义] v. __________________
5．plot [熟义] n. 故事情节；梗概
[生义] v. ___________________________
n. ___________
6．maintain [熟义] vt. 维持；保持；维修；保养
[生义] v. ______________
专门制作；定做
布局；阴谋
设计(作品情节)；密谋；策划
坚持认为
1．I'll bet you he knows all about it.
我________他知道一切。
2．For me, the hardest thing about writing is plotting the story.
对我来说，写作最难的部分就是________故事情节。
3．He maintained that such things should never be done again.
他___________再也不能做这样的事情了。
敢说
设计
坚持认为
4．She said she spotted my wallet on a bus seat.
她说她在公交车座椅上________了我的钱包。
5．The Beatles became the hottest band on the pop music scene in England.
披头士乐队成为英国流行音乐________最火的乐队。
6．The program provides courses tailored to the learner's needs.
该课程为学习者提供___________的课程。
发现
圈
量身定制
小积累 --word families
1. ate→ ation名词变化 ①hesitate→____________ 犹豫 ②indicate→___________ 表明 ③graduate→graduation 毕业 ④translate→translation 翻译 ⑤accommodate→accommodation 住宿 2.种种“看”法 ①________ v. 看见 ②________ v．& n. 凝视；盯着看 ③glare v．& n. 怒目而视 ④glance/glimpse v．& n. 扫视；一瞥 ⑤scan vt. 扫描；浏览 ⑥________ vt. 观察 3.“by＋名词”短语
①____________ 偶然地
②by coincidence 巧合地
③by chance 偶然地
④__________ 故意地
⑤____________ 错误地
hesitation
indication
spot
stare
observe
by accident
by design
by mistake
一 词表短语
1.________________ 在某事的基础上；根据某事
2．________________ 取得贷款
3．________________ 作为回报；作为回应
4．________________ 打个赌
5．________________ 事实上；其实；说真的
6．________________ 偶然地；意外地
7．________________ 说实话；坦率地说
on the basis of
take out a loan
in return
make a bet
as a matter of fact
by accident
to be honest
8．________________ 应该；应当
9．________________ 即将或正要(做某事)
10．________________ 以防；以防万一
11．________________ 到……程度；在……程度上
12．__________ 值班；执勤
13．________________ 以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子
14．________________ 既然那样；假使那样的话
15．__________________ 愿意或乐意做某事
ought to
be about to do sth
in case
to ... extent
on duty
in a ... manner
in that case
be willing to do sth
选用上面的短语填空
1．If you're feeling unwell, ____________， you should probably stay home and rest.
2．The company made its decision __________________ market research and consumer feedback.
3．She always carries an umbrella with her ____________ it rains suddenly.
4．She ____________ help others, which is why she volunteers at the community center every weekend.
in that case
on the basis of
in case
is willing to
5．She offered to help with the project, and __________， they promised to support her proposal.
6．____________________________， I was skeptical about the plan at first, but the results have been impressive.
7．The students ________________ start their exam when the fire alarm went off.
8．We met each other ____________ at the coffee shop downtown.
in return
To be honest/As a matter of fact
were about to
by accident
二 写作词块
1.________________ 定期地；经常地
2．_________________________ 一次性塑料制品
3．_________________________________ 过于重视金钱
4．______________________________ 明智而恰当地使用金钱
5．________________________ 从医
6．_________________________ 浪费时间和金钱
on a regular basis
single use plastic products
attach too much importance to money
use money wisely and properly
pursue a career in medicine
a waste of time and money
7．_______________________ 充分地享受生活
8．________________ 一无所获
9．_________ 进行分类
10．________________ 实现目标
11．________________ 主要因素
12．________________ 万恶之源
enjoy life to the fullest
end in nothing
do a sort
achieve the goals
a key element
the root of all evil
1．(教材P52)是那条船把你带到了英国。(“it is/was ... that ...”强调句型)
__________________________________________________________________
2．(教材P56)接着，他把钞票对折起来，然后又慢慢摊开，好像在看一个他不相信存在的东西。(as if引导省略句)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．(教材P56)记得当时我以为我(手里)永远不会握着这样一张钞票……(否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装)
__________________________________________________________________
And it was the ship that brought you to England.
Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again, as if looking at something he can't believe is there.
I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this ...
教材深挖
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．intend v. 打算；计划→_________ n. 打算；计划；意图；目的→________ adj. 故意的，有意的
2．ignore vt. 忽视；对……不予理会→___________ adj. 无知的；愚昧的→___________ n. 无知；愚昧
3．patience n. 耐心；忍耐力；毅力→________ adj. 耐心的 n. 病人→__________ adv. 有耐心地→___________ adv. 没有耐心地
4．apologise (also apologize) vi. 道歉；谢罪→________ n. 道歉
5．basis n. 基础；根据；基点→________ n. 基础；根基；底座 v. 以……为基础；根据→________ adj. 基础的；基本的
intention
intended
ignorant
ignorance
patient
patiently
impatiently
apology
base
basic
6．opt v. 选择→________ n. 可选择的事物；选择；选择权→__________ adj. 可选择的
7．hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑→__________ adj. 迟疑的；犹豫不决的→__________ n. 犹豫；迟疑
8．broad adj. 宽阔的；广阔的；广泛的→________ vt. (使)变宽；(使)扩大→________ adv. 宽广地；广泛地
9．willing adj. 愿意；乐意→___________ adv. 乐意地→__________ adj. 不愿意的；勉强的→_____________ n．乐意；心甘情愿
10．permit vt.& vi. 允许；准许；使有可能 n. 许可证→__________ n. 准许；许可；批准；许可证
option
optional
hesitant
hesitation
broaden
broadly
willingly
unwilling
willingness
permission
1.bilingual/ baI'lI ɡw l/adj. ______________ 2．sympathize/'sImp θaIz/v. _____________ 3．interpersonal/ Int 'p s n( )l/adj. ________________________ 4．self conscious/ self 'k n s/adj. ____________________ 5.insult/In's lt/n.& v. ________________
6．troublesome/'tr b( )ls m/adj. ______________________________
7．breeze/bri z/n. ________________
8．circulate/'s kj leIt/v. ______________________________
拔高词汇— 高分必备
会说两种语言的
同情；赞同
人际的；人与人之间的
难为情的；刻意的
侮辱；辱骂
令人烦恼的；令人痛苦的
微风，和风
(液体或气体)环流，循环
二、重点语块
________________ (在……的基础上) a sudden idea, John decided to start his own business. It wasn't planned. ________________ (事实上), he came across the opportunity ____________ (偶然地) while browsing through a forum. To fund his venture, he had to ________________ (取得贷款) from the bank, which made him a bit nervous but also excited for the future. His friend, Mike, who was ________ (值班) that day at the bank, encouraged him, saying, “As the saying goes, fortune favors the bold.” Feeling emboldened, John even ___________ (打赌) with Mike that his business would succeed within a year. Just _________ (以防) things didn't go as planned, John made sure to have a contingency plan in place. However, he also recognized that beyond the financial risks, there was a ________________ (道义责任) to give his all to his new endeavor, not just for his sake but also for those who believed in him.
On the basis of
As a matter of fact
by accident
take out a loan
on duty
made a bet
in case
moral obligation
三、重点句式
1．是音乐让我在艰难的时刻感到快乐。(强调句型)
______________________ made me feel happy during the tough times.
2．我从未见过如此美丽的日落。(否定副词位于句首引起的部分倒装)
__________________ such a beautiful sunset.
It was the music that
Never have I seen
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P52】事实上，我流落英国是一场意外。
____________________________________________________________________
2．【教材P52】我不要你们的施舍。我只想要一份有诚实收入的工作。
____________________________________________________________________
3．【教材P56】(看着他，皱了皱眉头)符合你尺码的就只有这件了。
____________________________________________________________________
4．【教材P56】现在，你不应该以貌取人。
____________________________________________________________________
I don't want your charity. I just want a job that earns an honest income.
(looking at him with a frown) It's all we have in your size.
Now, you shouldn't judge people by their clothes.
As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident.
硬核考点
考点1 apologise vi. 道歉；谢罪
apologise to sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事向某人道歉
apologise to sb that ... 向某人道歉……
express/make/offer an apology to sb (for sth) (因某事)向某人道歉
owe sb an apology 应向某人道歉
accept sb's apology 接受某人的道歉
refuse/turn down sb's apology 拒绝某人的道歉
1.Terribly sorry again. I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my shoes and accept my __________ (apologise)．
2．I apologised to my neighbour ________ accidentally damaging their fence while playing ball.
3．He turned ________ her apology, insisting that the damage was already done and couldn't be undone.
4．我写信来表达我诚挚的歉意，我无法和你一起去徒步旅行了。(写作佳句)
I am writing to ____________________________________ that I fail to go hiking with you.
apology
for
down
express/make/offer my sincere apology
考点2 judge vt.& vi. 评价；评判；判断 n. 法官；审判员；裁判员
judge ... from/by ... 根据……判断……
as far as sb can judge 据某人判断；某人认为
judging by/from ... 从……判断(作状语)
make a judg(e)ment on/about ... 对……作出评价
1.He refused to make a ______________ (judge) about the situation.
2．从上述故事中我们可以得出结论，即我们不能以貌取人。
___________________________ we can draw the conclusion that we shouldn't ___________________________.
3．据我判断，未来几天天气都将是晴天。
____________________________________________________________________
judg(e)ment
Judging from the above story
judge a man by/from his looks
As far as I can judge, the weather is going to stay sunny for the next few days.
考点3 spot vt. 看见；注意到；发现 n. 地点；处所；斑点；污迹；点缀
spot sb/sth 发现/认出某人/某物
spot sb/sth doing sth 发现某人/某物正在做某事
be spotted with ... 散布着……；点缀着……
on the spot 当场；立即；马上
1．I looked around and finally ________ (spot) David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence.
2．我们躺在草地上，凝视着繁星点点的夜空。(写作佳句)
We lay on the grass, _________________________________________________．
3．不仅将展出各种剪纸作品，工匠们还将现场向游客展示如何将纸张剪成不同的形状。(写作佳句)
Not only will all kinds of paper cutting works be on display, ___________________ ____________________________________________________．
spotted
staring at the night sky which was spotted with twinkling stars
but the craftsmen will
show visitors how to cut paper into different shapes on the spot
考点4 hesitate vi. 犹豫；迟疑；顾虑
hesitate to do sth 迟疑做某事
hesitate about/over (doing) sth (做)某事犹豫不决
without (any) hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth 毫不犹豫地做某事
1.__________ any hesitation, dropping his phone and keys on land, Frank jumped in.(写作佳句)
2．Before stepping into the cold water, she hesitated ________ (dive) in, feeling the shiver run down her spine.
3．______________________ (我犹豫了一会儿), wondering how to hide my inner embarrassment.
4．他犹豫着要不要告诉父母他要搬出去的计划，因为他害怕父母的反对。
____________________________________________________________， fearing their disapproval.
Without
to dive
I hesitated for a while
He hesitated about/over telling his parents about his plans to move out
【外研版选择性必修第四册写作佳句】
To succeed in business, you need more than a good idea, hard work and determination.
要想在事业上取得成功，你需要的不仅仅是好的理念、勤奋和决心。
考点5 manner n. 举止；行为方式；方法；
[pl.]礼貌；礼仪
in a(n) ... manner 以一种……的方式；带着一副……的样子
It's good/bad manners to do sth 做某事是有/没有礼貌的
table manners 餐桌礼仪
mind one's manners 注意礼貌
1.He spoke to her ________ a polite manner, even though he was upset with her actions.
2．It's good manners _______ (wait) for your turn in line and not cut in front of others.
3．He was taught from a young age ________________________ (总是注意礼貌) and say “please” and “thank you” when asking for something.
4．此外，餐桌礼仪也是你应该非常重视的。(写作佳句)
Besides, _________________________________________________________．
in
to wait
to always mind his manners
table manners are also what you should attach great importance to
考点6 permit v. 允许；准许；使有可能(permitted; permitted; permitting) n. 许可证
permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
ask for (one's) permission 请求(某人的)允许
with/without (one's) permission 允许/未经(某人的)允许
1.(2023·浙江高考1月)Citizens of higher social classes ______________ (permit) to live closer to the center of the circles.
2．It is illegal to reproduce these worksheets without ____________ (permit) from the publisher.
3．The park permits __________ (camp) only in designated areas.
4．如果天气允许，在我们学校体育场举行的比赛将于下午2点开始，并持续大约3个小时。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________ and last for roughly 3 hours.
were permitted
permission
camping
Weather permitting/If weather permits, the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm
考点7 in return 作为回报；作为回应
in return for ... 作为……的报答
on/upon one's return＝on/upon returning 某人一回来
in turn 轮流；反过来，相反
by turns 轮流；逐个
1.Lying in the bag was a $20 bill, which I had offered in return ________ their help.
2．___________ returning, their reunion after a long separation brought mixed feelings of joy and sorrow to them both.
3．用英语自由表达总是给我一种自豪感，这反过来又激励我更好地学习英语。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
for
On/Upon
Free expression in English always gives me a sense of pride, which in turn inspires me to learn English better.
考点8 否定副词位于句首，引起句子部分倒装
否定副词置于句首，其所在句应用部分倒装，将情态动词、系动词或助动词提前。
常用的表示否定意义的副词：never, not, little, rarely, seldom, hardly, scarcely, neither, nor等。
表示“绝不”的介词短语： at no time, by no means, in no case, in no way, on no condition等。
1．很少有任何一种产品是在任何一个国家生产的。
________________________ made in any one country.
2．任何时候都不应在困难面前屈服。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________
3．当我听到我的名字被叫到时，我几乎不敢相信我的耳朵。我做梦也没想到我会被授予一等奖。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Rarely is any one product
At no time should we give in to difficulties.
Hardly could I believe my ears when I heard my name called. Never in my wildest dream did I imagine I would be awarded the first prize.
【译林版选择性必修第二册写作佳句】
We were told that the competitors would be raising money for charity, and while I didn't feel that I had a strong constitution to run that far, I thought the next best thing would be to help those who could.
我们被告知，参赛选手将为慈善事业筹集资金，虽然我觉得我的身体不够强壮，跑不了那么远，但我认为接下来最好的事情就是帮助那些能做到的人。
强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．I didn't have the intention to ignore your tips, so I owe you an ______________ (apologise)．
2．She handled the situation ________ a calm and composed manner, which impressed everyone.
3．The original ________ (intend) of the project is to involve more people in our voluntary activities and spread warm love like sunshine.
4．Mary is very selfish and unkind; that's why I am ___________ (willing) to make friends with her.
apology
in
intention
unwilling
5．My parents permit me ________ (stay) up late on weekends to watch movies.
6．We were dancing happily when smoke was spotted ________ (rise) from the kitchen, which panicked us.
7．The man was about to leave my house ________ there was a knock at the door.
8．He knows better than to judge ________ appearances.
9．Yesterday, she said she ____________ (visit) her grandmother the next day.
10．Despite needing help, he hesitated _________ (reach) out to his friends, feeling embarrassed about his situation.
to stay
rising
when
by/from
would visit
to reach
二、熟词生义
1．Doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident to carry out the rescue.____________
2．During the game, the coach spotted a talented new player who showed great potential. ____________
3．We can tailor the programme to the patient's needs.____________
4．The plot to murder the president was uncovered. ____________
5．He bets that his team will win the championship this year. ____________
现场
发现
定制
阴谋
敢断定
三、构词法
词缀 含义 例词
tion 表示________________ ________, intention, action, addition, affection, attraction, celebration, civilization, condition
行为，状态，过程
obligation
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．I can tell you, there was a celebration in our house that night.____________
2．The doctor advised her to rest in a quiet condition for a few days. ____________
3．It was not my intention that she should suffer.____________
4．The beauty of the waterfall is a natural attraction that draws visitors from all over. ________________
5．Her skills in painting are an addition to her already impressive talents. ____________
6．The Victorians regarded the railways as bringing progress and civilization. ____________
庆祝活动
环境
意图
有吸引力的事物
额外
文明
四、补全句子
1．他站在泳池边，犹豫着要不要下水。(hesitate)
He was standing by the swimming pool, ___________________________________ ________．
2．他正要关窗户，突然一只小鸟吸引了他的注意力。(be about to do sth)
He __________________________________ his attention was caught by a bird.
3．人工智能绝不能与人类作家相提并论，因为它学不会真情实感，也没有创作灵魂。(否定词位于句首引起的部分倒装)
___________________________________________________________， because it cannot learn true feelings and has no creative soul.
hesitating about/over whether or not to
dive in
was about to close the window when
In no case can artificial intelligence be compared with human writers
4．我鼓起勇气，为我的不当行为向他真诚地道歉。(apology)
I gathered my courage, and sincerely _____________________________________.
5．你应该通过人的行为来判断他的性格，而不是通过他的言语。(judge)
You should _____________________________________， not by their words.
6．她送给我一份漂亮的礼物，作为回应，我给她写了一封衷心的感谢信。(in return)
She gave me a beautiful gift, __________________________________________．
made an apology to him for my misconduct
judge people's character by their actions
and in return, I wrote her a heartfelt thank you note
五、长难句分析
(2024·全国甲卷)That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like.
句意：这就是为什么大多数宠物猫都能立即分辨出它们的主人是否在其他猫周围，而它们通常不喜欢这样。
分析：句子主干是___________________，是“主系表”结构。why引导______从句，if引导________从句，作动词tell的________；which引导______________从句，解释说明前面的句子their owners were around any other cats。
That's ... any other cats
表语
宾语
宾语
非限制性定语
读写用—素养提升
一、深化阅读——明晰考向 以阅读养阅读
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more.
BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens.
Specifically, it's a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started.
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there's no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment.
BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment，” said a BMF employee.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种室内花园系统——巴比伦微农场(BMF)的优势，它不仅能为家庭和大型机构提供新鲜蔬菜，还能利用云技术远程监控和自动化操作，促进了可持续性和环保。
28．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1
A．It guarantees the variety of food.
B．It requires day to day care.
C．It cuts the farm to table distance.
D．It relies on farmer's markets.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, most produce at the store ... reaching the table.”和“Babylon Micro Farm (BMF) shortens it even more”可知，大部分商店的农产品要经历几周的运输并跨越很长距离才能到达人们的餐桌。BMF公司大大缩短了这一过程。故选C。
29．What information does the convenient app offer
A．Real time weather changes.
B．Current condition of the plants.
C．Chemical pollutants in the soil.
D．Availability of pre seeded pods.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“there is a ... in real time”可知，便捷的应用程序实时提供植物的生长数据。故选B。
30．What can be concluded about BMF employees
A．They have a great passion for sports.
B．They are devoted to community service.
C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences.
D．They have a strong environmental awareness.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，BMF员工们在日常生活中践行可持续发展，大约半数的员工走路或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶数量及避免使用一次性塑料的方式鼓励回收利用及减少废物。他们都热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学物质。由此可推知，BMF公司的员工有着强烈的环保意识。故选D。
31．What does the text mainly talk about
A．BMF's major strengths.
B．BMF's general management.
C．BMF's global influence.
D．BMF's technical standards.
解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍BMF公司缩短了食物到餐桌的运输过程，第二至四段介绍了BMF的创新设计系统及其优势，最后一段介绍了BMF员工在生活和工作中践行可持续发展。由此可知，文章主要介绍了BMF的优势。故选A。
推断人物性格/品质题——“言行一致”法
1．人物的“行”
①留意文中对人物的细节描写，即语言、动作、心理、神态、肖像等描写；
②关注能体现人物的性格或品质的所作所为。
2．他人的“言”
通过文中其他人对人物的议论、评价，从侧面更好、更全面地把握人物的性格/品质。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材 情绪描写——害怕、恐惧
感到恐惧 get frightened/scared
充满恐惧 be full of/filled with fear
恐惧感 a feeling of fear
害怕…… in fear of ...
一阵恐惧涌上某人心头 a flood of fear wells up in sb
使某人毛骨悚然 make one's flesh creep
吓呆了 freeze with terror
惊恐地 in panic/terror
吓得脸色苍白 face turns pale with fear
膝盖发软 one's knees feel weak
(因害怕等)冒冷汗 in a cold sweat
因恐惧而颤抖 a tremble of fear
因害怕而哽咽 choke with fear
吓得全身颤抖 be scared to tremble from head to toe
使某人毛骨悚然 make one's hair stand on end
提心吊胆 have one's heart in one's mouth
使某人不寒而栗 make one's blood run cold
把某人吓得要死 scare sb to death
吓得某人魂不附体 be scared out of one's wits
恐惧笼罩着某人 fear creeps over sb
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·湖南省邵阳市邵东市第一中学高三第二次月考)
Investment Competition
About the Competition
The Wharton Global High School Investment Competition is a free, online investment simulation (模拟) for high school students(9th to 12th grade)and teachers. Students work in teams of four to seven, guided by a teacher as their advisor (顾问). Together, they learn about teamwork, communication, risk, companies and industry analysis and many other important aspects of investing.
Teams examine a brief case study featuring a potential client and are tasked with working closely to meet that client's long term investment goals. Equipped with an approved stock list and the Wharton Investment Simulator (WInS), which allows them to simulate (模拟) stock trading, students develop an investment strategy, analyze sectors and companies, and build a portfolio (投资组合) using $100，000 in virtual cash provided by WInS over the course of 10 weeks. Winners are selected on the strength of their team strategies, not on the growth of their portfolios.
Results
Final reports are reviewed by a team of judges, who select 50 semi finalist teams. Those teams are invited to present their strategies to a panel of expert judges at the virtual semifinals. The top 10 teams from the semifinals move on to the final of the competition, the Global Finale, at Wharton in Philadelphia.
Please Remember
Once advisors register for the competition, they will receive a confirmation email with instructions to set up their student team accounts on WInS, our trading platform. Student team accounts must be set up no later than September 20. In order to complete the registration form, advisors will need to：
Choose the username and password for their advisor accounts.
Provide their school issued email address, as well as a back up email address where all competition communications will be sent.
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了沃顿商学院全球高中投资竞赛的详细情况。
1．What's the function of WInS
A．Offering virtual cash.
B．Studying some brief cases.
C．Making people win business.
D．Understanding clients' requirements.
解析：细节理解题。根据About the Competition部分第二段中的“students develop an investment ... WInS over the course of 10 weeks”可知，WInS的功能是给参赛者提供虚拟现金。故选A。
2．What can we know about the Global Finale
A．All final reports must be delivered to it.
B．It's the highest level of the competition.
C．It's a final graded by clients' opinions.
D．About fifty teams can participate in it.
解析：细节理解题。根据Results部分中的“The top 10 teams ... at Wharton in Philadelphia.”可知，the Global Finale是这个比赛的最后决赛，也就是最高级别的比赛。故选B。
3．What should advisors do after registering for the competition
A．Send a confirmation email to judges.
B．Guide students to create their own accounts.
C．Ensure team members are from the same school.
D．Build the student team accounts on the specific platform.
解析：细节理解题。根据Please Remember部分第一段中的“Once advisors register for ... our trading platform.”可知，注册参加比赛后，顾问应该在特定平台上建立学生团队账户。故选D。
B
(2025·四川省遂宁涪江中学高三月考)If a stranger offered you a free cookie, you might well eat it. But what if they offered to also give you $2 You might politely decline and walk away thinking, “Something smells fishy.”
In a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money”， as well as unusually cheap services, because they seem “too good to be true”．
In the initial experiment, nearly 40 percent of participants ate a cookie offered freely—compared with about 20 percent of those offered $2 as well. “People typically imagine things like someone did something disgusting to the cookie，” says study lead author Andrew J. Vonasch, a psychological scientist at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand.
Nine further experiments used online questionnaires to present other cases. These included being offered money to accept a ride home and surprisingly cheap flights. In each case, past a certain threshold (门槛), higher potential monetary gain reduced participants' likelihood of accepting the offer.
Vonasch says the study illustrates that contrary to the “standard economic model”， which supposes humans always seek to maximize gains, transactions (交易) need to also be understood as social interactions between people trying to understand each other's minds.
If someone seems to violate accepted norms, such as self interest, without any explanation, we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be “phantom costs”， imagined consequences that reduce what Vonasch calls an offer's “psychological value”. Factors beyond the present moment may come into play. “Understanding that others' perceived overgenerosity may put us in their debt could also help explain people's reluctance，” says Vonasch.
The researchers also showed how to mitigate (减轻) the effect: simply provide a reason for the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a condition where the seats were revealed to be very uncomfortable. “Uncomfortable seats aren't typically a selling point，” Vonasch says. “But telling people the seats were uncomfortable made them more willing to take them because it was sufficient explanation.”
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过讲述为什么人们会拒绝看似过于慷慨的优惠或免费赠品来探讨经济学和心理学之间的联系。
4．Why might people reject an offer of $2 along with a free cookie
A．They dislike a money related offer.
B．They distrust the true value of the offer.
C．They think the offer is not good enough.
D．They suspect the offer only lasts a short time.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，研究人员发现，人们倾向于拒绝“意外之财”，以及异常便宜的服务，因为它们看起来“好得令人难以置信”。由此可知，人们会拒绝2美元外加一块免费饼干的提议是因为他们不相信这份提议的真正价值。故选B。
5．What aspect of the nine further experiments is introduced in Paragraph 4
A．The moral concerns.
B．The research method.
C．The experiments' duration.
D．The participants' background.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段(另外九项实验使用在线问卷来呈现其他情况。其中包括给钱搭车回家，以及便宜得惊人的机票。在每一种情况下，超过一定的门槛，更高的潜在金钱收益降低了参与者接受提议的可能性。)可推知，本段介绍了九个进一步实验的研究方法。故选B。
6．Which psychological factor best explains the findings of the study
A．Fearful of “phantom costs”．
B．Afraid of violating social norms.
C．Committed to the standard economic model.
D．Unconcerned about an offer's “psychological value”．
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段(如果有人似乎违反了公认的规范，比如自私自利，而没有任何解释，我们就会假设他们有隐藏的动机，并推断会有“隐形成本”，即想象的后果会降低沃纳什所说的提议的“心理价值”，当下的因素之外，还可能有其他因素在起作用。沃纳什说：“理解别人的过度慷慨可能会让我们欠他们的债，这也有助于解释人们的不情愿。”)可推知，害怕“隐形成本”这一因素解释了研究的发现。故选A。
7．Why does the author mention the “cheap flights” experiment
A．To stress the unpredictability of human choices.
B．To illustrate how hidden motives affect people's choices.
C．To emphasize the importance of providing clear examples.
D．To show giving justifications can increase acceptance of offers.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘Uncomfortable seats aren't ... it was sufficient explanation.’(‘不舒服的座位通常不是卖点，’沃纳什说。‘但告诉人们座位不舒服会让他们更愿意坐，因为这是一个充分的解释。’)”可推知，作者提到“廉价航班”实验是为了表明给出理由可以增加提议的接受度。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·广东省陆河外国语学校高三月考)Twenty years ago, I was months into my first job at a start up independent publishing company in New York. One afternoon, I __1__ a train with a load of hot off the press catalogues (目录簿)—our first time to list every one of our titles. I was on my way to __2__ my aunt, who'd agreed to __3__ them to her friends.
Back then, I was much less __4__； somehow I made it on the train but I hadn't had time to buy a __5__. I figured I'd buy one on board. When the conductor came to stand next to me, I opened my __6__ and found nothing inside. They didn't __7__ credit cards back then. I was told to get off at the next station. __8__， the man next to me handed $15 to the conductor. I was beyond grateful and __9__； I promised him I would send him a check, which he __10__. I made him write down his address, though.
Later, I wrote a check, __11__ it in a letter, and sent it off. I expressed my __12__ again and included my email address. Soon he emailed me and we __13__ a lasting friendship.
That __14__ action has stayed with me. Thinking about that day, I __15__ myself to be much kinder to strangers and to focus on the good in people.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者坐火车时身上没带现金，对方也不接受信用卡支付，这时一位好心的陌生人为作者付了钱，事后作者归还了钱，两人也成为了朋友的故事。
1．A.came across B．rushed onto
C．passed by D．looked for
2．A.visit B．help
C．rescue D．introduce
解析： come across偶遇；rush onto冲到；pass by路过；look for寻找。根据后文“a train with a load of hot off the press catalogues (目录簿)”可知，此处指作者带着目录簿上了火车。故选B。
解析：visit拜访，参观；help帮助；rescue救援；introduce介绍。根据后文“my aunt”可知，作者拿着目录簿去拜访姑妈。故选A。
3．A.return B．explain
C．connect D．Distribute
4．A.determined B．objective
C．organized D．professional
解析：return返回；explain解释；connect连接；distribute分配。根据后文“them to her friends”可知，此处指把目录簿分发给朋友。故选D。
解析： determined坚定的；objective客观的；organized有组织的；有安排的；professional专业的。根据后文“somehow I made it on the train but I hadn't had time to buy a”可知，作者赶上了火车，但没时间买票，说明事先没有规划好。故选C。
5．A.ticket B．card
C．gift D．Book
6．A.parcel B．wallet
C．envelope D．bottle
解析：ticket车票；card卡片；gift礼物；book书。根据后文“I figured I'd buy one on board.”可知，作者没时间买车票。故选A。
解析： parcel包裹；wallet钱包；envelope信封；bottle瓶子。根据前文“When the conductor came to stand next to me, I opened”可知，作者要买车票，所以打开了钱包。故选B。
7．A.cancel B．reject
C．provide D．Accept
8．A.Naturally B．Unexpectedly
C．Doubtfully D．Disagreeably
解析：cancel取消；reject拒绝；provide提供；accept接受。根据后文“credit cards back then”可知，此处指不接受信用卡付款。故选D。
解析：naturally自然地；unexpectedly意外地；doubtfully怀疑地；disagreeably不愉快地。根据后文“the man next to me handed $15 to the conductor”可知，意外的是一个陌生人为作者买了车票。故选B。
9．A.embarrassed B．disturbed
C．annoyed D．Dissatisfied
10．A.gave away B．checked out
C．laughed off D．sent back
解析：embarrassed尴尬的；disturbed焦虑的；annoyed生气的；dissatisfied不满足的。结合前文可知，作者没带钱买票，所以是感到尴尬。故选A。
解析：give away赠送；check out结账；laugh off一笑置之；send back退回。根据后文“I made him write down his address, though.”可知，对方并不在意作者是不是能还钱，即一笑置之。故选C。
11．A.lost B．unfolded
C．noticed D．Enclosed
12．A.appreciation B．admiration
C．amazement D．approval
解析：lose丢失；unfold展现；notice注意到；enclose随信附上。根据前文“I wrote a check”可知，此处指把支票附在信中寄出。故选D。
解析： appreciation感激；admiration钦佩；amazement惊讶；approval赞成。根据前文“I was beyond grateful”以及后文“again”可知，此处指作者再次表达了感激。故选A。
13．A.destroyed B．inspired
C．formed D．Reported
14．A.romantic B．generous
C．emergent D．symbolic
解析：destroy破坏；inspire鼓舞；form形成；report报告。根据后文“a lasting friendship”可知，两人形成了长久的友谊。故选C。
解析：romantic浪漫的；generous慷慨的；emergent新兴的；symbolic有象征意义的。结合前文可知，陌生人为作者付了车票钱，是慷慨之举。故选B。
15．A.force B．allow
C．warn D．remind
解析：force迫使；allow允许；warn警告；remind提醒。根据后文“myself to be ... in people”可知，此处指这次经历后，作者开始提醒自己要对陌生人友善一些，要关注人们的优点。故选D。
聚焦写作 一箭三雕
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2025·安徽省六安市叶集区叶集皖西当代中学高三月考)Teenagers live very busy lives now and often forget to think about their diets and exercise. The __1__ (true) is, healthy eating with regular exercise is the only way __2__ (keep) fit.
During your teenage __3__ (year), it is important to give your body the energy it needs. Teenage girls need about 2，200 calories a day and boys need a bit __4__ (much). Doctors suggest 50% of your calories should come __5__ rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses __6__ day. Drinking enough water will improve your skin and give you healthy hair.
Exercise is something that can help you to be healthy. Teenagers __7__ (advise) to spend at least 30 minutes __8__ (exercise), five times a week. When you exercise, your body will produce something that makes you feel __9__ (relax). It __10__ even help you sleep better at night and let you be more attentive and confident when you study.
1．________ 2．________ 3．________ 4．________ 5．________
6．________ 7．________ 8．________ 9．________ 10．________
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了健康的饮食和有规律的锻炼是青少年保持健康的方法。
1．答案：truth
2．答案：to keep
3．答案：years
解析：考查词性转换。设空处应用名词作主语，the truth 意为“事实，真相”。故填truth。
解析：考查非谓语动词。way后接不定式作定语。故填to keep。
解析：考查名词。year为可数名词，青少年时期不止一年，应用名词复数。故填years。
4．答案：more
5．答案：from
6．答案：a
解析：考查代词。句意：十几岁的女孩每天需要大约2，200卡路里的热量，男孩需要更多。设空处应用more，指代“更多的热量”。故填more。
解析：考查介词。come from意为“来自”，为固定短语。故填from。
解析：考查冠词。此处day表示泛指，且其发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
7．答案：are advised
8．答案：exercising
解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作谓语，advise与主语Teenagers是被动关系，且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数。故填are advised。
解析：考查非谓语动词。spend＋时间＋(in) doing sth意为“花费时间做某事”。故填exercising。
9．答案：relaxed
10．答案：can
解析：考查词性转换。设空处作表语，说明人的感受，应用relaxed，意为“感到放松的”。故填relaxed。
解析：考查情态动词。句意：它甚至可以帮助你晚上睡得更好并且让你在学习时更加专注和自信。根据设空后的help并结合句意可知，此处应用can表示“能够”。故填can。
Ⅱ.应用文写作
(2025·江苏省镇江市丹阳市丹阳高级中学高三一模)假如你是李华，你校上周举行了主题为“太空”的年度“科学节”活动，活动持续了一周。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．具体活动；
3．活动反响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Science Festival goes off with a bang!
﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
Science Festival goes off with a bang!
Our annual school Science Festival finished on Friday and once again it was amazing fun.
To encourage students to take an interest in space exploration, this year's theme was “Space”. On Monday afternoon, we attended a lecture about whether life can exist on other planets. In Thursday's Science Workshop, students tried different experiments with great interest. On Friday afternoon, every class decorated their classroom and designed activities according to the theme of space.
The festival attracted much interest from students and everyone is looking forward to next year's Science Festival.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·黑龙江省实验中学高三第二次月考)One morning in December 2023, my co worker Al's email caught my attention: “Found: $20 bill on the floor in the lab at the end of the hall from the main building. See Alan W. to claim.”
Al's email reminded me of an incident that occurred on Christmas 40 years ago. Before heading out for Christmas shopping that evening, I had withdrawn $400 from the bank, foolishly stuffing eight fifty dollar bills in my front trousers pocket. On my way to Oakbrook Shopping Center, I stopped at SportMart to look at skiing equipment for my son.
Returning to the car, I discovered the bills were gone. This was $400 in 1983—a huge sum of money! Feeling terrible, I turned my pockets inside out, thinking how I could have been so careless! I turned on my car headlights and desperately looked for the bills in the snow covering parking area, but found nothing. This was the Chicago area. It was said that people in neighborhoods were not in the habit of turning in cash they found. At the thought of this, I was so sad. With low expectations, I returned to SportMart and started telling my awful tale to the store manager.
Hearing I'd lost cash, he interrupted, stating he needed to page (呼叫) the store quickly. Someone had earlier reported finding money. The customer wouldn't say how much or leave the money with the manager, but left his name. The manager was concerned he may have left.
I stopped breathing as the page broadcast. Minutes passed, and I was about to give up hope when a man and a boy approached the manager. The manager pointed them in my direction. He was in his mid thirties, with dark hair, a winter jacket, and a son about 10 or 12. He smiled, “The manager tells me you lost some money. Can you describe the amount and denominations (面额)？”
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了1983年圣诞节前，作者在芝加哥丢了400块钱，作者十分着急，他能找回丢失的钱吗？通过这次经历作者的感悟是什么？
I told him I'd lost $400, eight fifties. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
They left before I could ask them their names. ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍
[精彩范文]
I told him I'd lost $400, eight fifties. “That's good enough for us，” he said, and reached into his pocket and pulled out the roll of bills. Touching the bills carrying the father's body temperature, I felt waves of warmth on this cold night. I took out two bills and tried to hand them to his son, but his son shook his head. “You wouldn't want to ruin Christmas for me and my son, would you They are yours, and my son and I won't take them，” the father said.
They left before I could ask them their names. This is the most regrettable thing for me. I was too excited at the time and kept thanking them without asking their names in a timely manner. However, while I don't have their names, I'll never forget the Christmas gift from the two total strangers. Who said that in the Chicago area, people didn't return money when they found it In fact, there are many honest and kind people around us. Al's email has also proved this point.
