Unit 4 Exploring poetry
1.grasp n.理解,领会;抓紧,握紧,控制;能力所及
vt.抓紧;领会,理解
[语境运用]一词多义/完成句子
(1)①He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.
②The course offered online this term is set for students to grasp Chinese philosophy and traditional culture.
③With the development of economic globalisation,the enterprises realise the necessity of cooperating with each other to grasp the new market opportunities.
(2)④为了深刻了解一种文化,学习它的语言是最好的方法。(应用文写作之建议信)
,learning its language is the best way.
⑤尼克抓紧父亲的手,什么也没说。(读后续写之动作描写)
Nick and said nothing.
【答案】 (1)①握紧 ②理解 ③抓住
(2)④In order to have a good grasp of a culture ⑤grasped his father by the hand
·have a good/thorough grasp/command of sth精通…/深刻了解…
beyond the grasp of sb为某人所不能理解…
within one’s grasp 力所能及,有把握
·grasp the chance/opportunity to do sth 抓住机会去做某事
grasp sb by the hand/arm 抓紧某人的手/手臂
grasp hold of 抓住
2.reward vt.奖励,奖赏
n.奖励,回报;悬赏金
[语境运用]完成句子
①(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)花几分钟的时间浏览一两页会是一种有益的体验。
A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be .
②这项工作很辛苦,但报酬丰厚。
This job is difficult,but are great.
③比赛结束时,我们学校用水果和鲜花奖赏获胜者。
Our school fruit and flowers when the race ended.
④我很乐意带你游玩北京,以报答你的慷慨相助。(应用文写作之感谢信)
I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing .
【答案】 ①a rewarding experience ②the financial rewards ③rewarded the winners with
④as a reward for your generous help/in reward for your generous help
·reward sb with sth用…奖赏某人
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)…而酬谢/报答某人
·in reward for...为报答…;作为…的奖赏
as a reward for...作为对…的报酬
give/offer a reward to sb for (doing) sth为(做)某事而给某人报酬
·rewarding adj.报酬高的;值得做的,有益的
3.advocate vt.拥护,支持,提倡
n.拥护者,支持者;辩护律师
[语境运用]完成句子
①(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷改编)这本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式。
The book aimed at .
②科学家们提倡提高公众保护珍贵遗产的意识。(应用文写作之倡议书)
Scientists
of preserving the precious heritage.
③我提倡每个人都把保护环境作为自己的责任。(应用文写作之演讲稿)
I it their duty to make a contribution to protecting the environment.
④人们主张所有人都应该过低碳生活来保护我们的环境。(话题写作之环境保护)
all people should live a low-carbon life to protect our environment.
【答案】 ①advocating a simple digital lifestyle ②advocated raising the public’s awareness ③advocate everyone to make ④It is advocated that
·advocate doing sth提倡做某事
advocate sb to do sth提倡让某人做某事
advocate that...(should) do sth主张/提倡…
it is advocated that...人们主张/支持…
·an advocate of sth某事物的拥护者
4.claim n.声明,宣称;所有权;索赔
vt.宣称,声称;要求;索取;获得;认领;夺去(生命/财产等)
[语境运用]完成句子/句型转换
(1)①政府声称要给对国家做出重大贡献的人提供津贴。
The government allowance for people who made great contributions to our country.
②据说,海洋正在遭受严重的污染。到了我们致力于保护它的时候了。(话题写作之环境保护)
.It’s high time that we should devote ourselves to protecting it.
③我正走在街上,一个女人拦住了我,声称她以前一定在什么地方见过我。(读后续写之动作描写)
I was walking down the street when a woman stopped me, somewhere before.
(2)④He claimed that he had found a mysterious star through a telescope.
→He claimed a mysterious star through a telescope.
【答案】 (1)①claimed to provide ②It is claimed that the ocean is suffering serious pollution ③claiming that she must have met me (2)④to have found
claim to have done sth 声称做过某事
claim sth back 索回某物
claim sth from sb (for sth) (因某事)向某人索要某物
claim that/to do...声称…
5.distinguish vt.& vi. 成为…的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出众
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子/一句多译
(1)①The student was able his own strengths from weaknesses,and the progress he made was to both teachers and classmates.(distinguish)
(2)②阅读书籍既能拓宽我们的视野又能教我们分辨是非。(话题写作之学习与生活)
Reading books can not only broaden our horizons but also
.
③音乐的某些特质使其有别于其他所有艺术形式。(话题写作之音乐)
There is something about music that .
(3)④杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名遐迩,每年都吸引着大量的游客。(应用文写作之推荐信)
→Hangzhou and attracts large numbers of tourists every year.
→ ,Hangzhou attracts large numbers of tourists every year.(形容词短语作状语)
【答案】 (1)①distinguished;to distinguish;distinguishable (2)②teach us to distinguish between right and wrong ③distinguishes it from all other art forms (3)④is distinguished for its fascinating scenery;Distinguished for its fascinating scenery
·distinguish...from...使…有别于…;把…与…区分开来
distinguish between A and B 区分A和B
distinguish oneself (as/by sth) (作为/因…)著名;使自己出众
·distinguished adj.杰出的,卓越的,著名的;高贵的,受尊重的
be distinguished for ...因…而著名
·distinguishable adj.易分辨的;可区分的
6.owe vt.欠(情);欠(债);应给予;应该把…归功于
[语境运用]完成句子/句型转换
(1)①我们应该给予这些为全人类做出更大贡献的人们更多的尊重。(应用文写作之
倡议书)
We who made greater contributions to all human beings.
②我们中国人把这些成就归功于改革开放的力量和我们民族锲而不舍的精神。(话题写作之观点表达)
We Chinese the strength of reform and opening-up and the persevering spirit of our nation.
③目睹了整个过程,他知道他欠他的朋友一个真诚的道歉。(读后续写之场景描写)
Having witnessed the whole process,he knew he .
(2)④Because of his optimism and perseverance,he was admitted into a famous university.
→ he was admitted into a famous university.(owing to;强调句型)
【答案】 (1)①should owe these people more respect ②owe these achievements to ③owed his friend a heartfelt apology/a heartfelt apology to his friend (2)④It was owing to his optimism and perseverance that
·owe sb sth=owe sth to sb欠某人某物
owe it to sb that...把…归功于某人
owe an apology to sb/owe sb an apology应向某人道歉
·owing to 因为…;由于…
7.blame vt.把…归咎于,责怪,指责
n.责任,责备,指责
[语境运用]完成句子/语境串词
(1)①很多人发现早上起床很难,于是把责任推到闹钟上。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and the alarm clock.
②你最好永远不要把自己的失败归咎于他人,你应该为失败承担责任。(应用文写作之建议信)
You had better never others.You should the failure.
③由于演出失败而受到指责,蒂姆感到一阵悲伤,他忍不住痛哭起来。(读后续写之情感
描写)
,
Tim felt he was seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help crying bitterly.(过去分词短语作状语)
(2)④他因这次重大的错误受到了责备,但他把这件事归咎于别人。事实上,应该是他而不是别人要为此负责。
He was the big mistake,but he others.In fact,it is he,not others,that is it.
【答案】 (1)①lay/put the blame on ②blame your own failure on;take/bear the blame for ③Blamed for the failure of the performance (2)④blamed for;blamed it on;to blame for
·blame sth on sb/sth把某事归咎于某人/某事(物)
blame...for (doing) sth因(做)某事责备…
be to blame for (doing) sth因(做)…承担责任/该受责备
·take/bear the blame for sth承担某事的责任
lay/put the blame for sth on...把某事归咎于…
8.set sth aside把…放一边;留出;暂时不考虑
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子
(1)①After some money for future emergencies,he set out to a new business.He all his plans and ideas,and then doing the necessary preparations.Finally,he on a journey to explore potential markets,hoping that his efforts would a wave of success and his business would thrive.
(2)②上周末我们很早就动身去参加农场的采摘活动。(话题写作之活动介绍)
We a picking activity on a farm last weekend.
③现在我很高兴地告诉你,我们学校将举办一个中国剪纸展览。我真诚地希望你能拨冗前来参加这场艺术盛宴。(应用文写作之邀请信)
Now I’m glad to tell you there will be a Chinese paper cutting exhibition in our school.I sincerely hope for the art feast.
【答案】 (1)①setting aside;set up;set down;set about;set out;set off (2)②set out early to take part in ③you can set aside some time
set off 出发,动身;使爆炸;引发,激起
set up 开办,建立
set down 记下;放下
set about doing sth开始做,着手做
set out (to do sth) 动身;开始(做)
9.break with sth与某事终止关联,破除
[语境运用]完成句子
①她很想打断他们的谈话,但又不愿显得太粗鲁。
She longed to on their conversation but didn’t want to appear rude.
②该体育俱乐部决定摒弃过去的某些做法。
The sports club decided to some of the past practices.
③毕业后,他决定离开家。
He decided to home after graduation.
④这个女孩想到她没能得到这个角色,就突然哭了起来。
The girl as she thought of her failure to get the role.
【答案】 ①break in ②break with ③break away from ④broke into tears
break away from离开,脱离,突然挣脱
break down (机器或车辆)出故障,损坏;(身体等)垮掉;(情感等)失控;使分解(为),使变化(成);(谈判、计划等)失败
break in打断,插嘴;破门而入
break into强行闯入;突然…起来
break off中断,折断,断绝
break out突然爆发
break through冲破,突破
break up (使)破碎,分解
1.Second,approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.
第二,走进诗歌,就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。
◆as if 引导方式状语从句
本句中主句为祈使句,从句使用了虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的情况。
[语境运用]完成句子
①听到他的话,我被一种强烈的兴奋和自豪感所控制,我只是站在那里目瞪口呆,我的脚就像扎根在地上一样,一动也不能动。(读后续写之动作描写)
Dominated by an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride at his words,I simply stood there dumbfounded,and my feet, ,couldn’t move a bit.
②看来不久可能要下雨。
it might rain soon.
③这件事她全部记得,就像它发生在昨天一样。
She remembers it all .
④他高兴地谈论着,好像要成为我们的班长似的。
He talks gladly our monitor.
【答案】 ①as if had rooted to the ground ②It looks as if/though ③as if/though it had happened yesterday ④as if/though he would be
虚拟语气在as if引导的从句中的运用:
as if (=as though)意为“似乎,好像”,可引导表语从句(一般置于系动词look,seem,appear之后)和方式状语从句。若从句表示真实的情况或将来实现的可能性较大的情况,从句用陈述语气;若从句表示的是非真实的情况或将来实现的可能性不大的情况,则从句用虚拟语气。
·表示与现在的事实相反的情况时,从句谓语用一般过去式(be动词通常用were)。
·表示与过去的事实相反的情况时,从句谓语用“had+过去分词”。
·表示将来实现的可能性较小的情况时,从句谓语用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
2.Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.
相比容易理解的诗,那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。
◆“主语+be+adj.+to do”句型
[语境运用]完成句子/一句多译
(1)①即使这个问题很难解决,我也没有放弃,因为我坚信“有志者,事竟成。”(读后续写之主题升华)
Even though ,I didn’t give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will,there is a way.”
(2)②我不仅容易相处而且乐于帮助处在困境中的人。
→I am not only but also willing to help others in trouble.
→ help others in trouble.(倒装句式)
【答案】 (1)①the problem was difficult to solve
(2)②easy to get along/on with;Not only am I easy to get along/on with but also I am willing to
·特点:不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
·使用此句型须具备两个前提条件:
①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系;
②形容词为difficult,hard,easy,pleasant,comfortable,interesting,exciting等。
·注意:在该结构中,若不定式中的动词为不及物动词,其后应加上相应的介词。
3.Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings,which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes,and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.
同样让人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发,这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机,也让他有别于其他山水诗人。
◆全部倒装
(1)该句为“表语(Equally impressive)+系动词(is)+主语(Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings)”结构的全部倒装句,两个which引导并列的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词free expression,即主句主语中心词。
(2)当表语是分词、形容词、副词、介词短语,主语比较长且主语是名词时,为了保持句子平衡,常把表语放在句首,引起句子全部倒装。
Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
我头顶上是平静的海面。
[语境运用]完成句子
①听到狗狂吠,这个男孩跑开了。(读后续写之动作描写)
Hearing the dog barking fiercely, .
②秋天来了,叶子落了。(读后续写之场景描写)
Autumn coming, .
③出席会议的是我们学校的学生。
students from our school.
④我们年轻的日子一去不复返了。
when we were young.
【答案】 ①away ran the boy ②down fall the leaves ③Present at the meeting were ④Gone are the days
其他全部倒装情况:
·here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首(谓语动词常用 be,come,go,lie,run等表示来去或状态的动词)。
·表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首(谓语动词强调运动的动作)。
·在there be 或者 there live (stand,appear,seem,remain,exist...)句式中。
·在某些表示祝愿的句式中。
全部倒装句式结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能全部倒装。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to (偏僻的) towns in central and eastern Russia.
2.(2024·浙江1月卷)...I had the kind of humbling,educational,and above all else,wonderful
(偶然遇到) with a local that all travellers long for.
3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)These days you can see traffic jams around schools that drop off at pick-up times,but it’s hard to (指责) the parents.
4.News reports on the same events may sometimes contain different or even (相互矛盾的) information.
5.Scientists (宣称) to have discovered a cure for the disease,which is good news for the patients.
6.The poem is so (复杂的) that I’m afraid I cannot find out its true inner beauty even with much effort.
7.You are at (自由) to say what you like.
8.All groups are (使享有权利) to this money without distinction.
【答案】 1.remote 2.encounter 3.blame 4.contradictory 5.claimed 6.complex 7.liberty 8.entitled
Ⅱ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
set aside break with have a huge impact on dig up make allowance for as long as
1.You have to her because she is under much pressure these days.
2.She decided to her bad habits and lifestyle and start a new life.
3.You can be anyone you want, you are confident of yourself.
4.Her mother’s education her behaviour and personality,which benefited her for the rest of her life.
5.It’s much wise some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful.
6.Yesterday they continued the search, the backyard of the house.
【答案】 1.make allowance for 2.break with 3.as long as 4.had a huge impact on 5.to set aside 6.digging up
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Poetry is an 1. (express) of one’s will.2. is kept in the heart is the will,but when expressed in words,it is poetry.Poetry usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.Do you know how 3. (reveal) the hidden dimension First,read 4. poem aloud to feel how it sounds.In this way,you can grasp its true meaning better.Second,explore the poem by asking some 5. (basis) questions about it.As you do so,you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem.Third,if you still fail 6. interpret the meaning of it even with painstaking effort,just have more patience.Sometimes 7. (read) a poem can be a lifelong job.Believe your
8. (effort) will be rewarded one day.Finally,it’s not necessary to 9. (full) understand a poem to appreciate it.As long as poetry reading 10. (let) you perceive another level of meaning,that’s enough.
【答案】 1.expression 2.What 3.to reveal 4.the 5.basic 6.to 7.reading 8.efforts 9.fully 10.lets
单句语法填空
1.(2024·全国甲卷) However,another way the cats are able to distinguish situations is by looking for familiar smells.
2.She was a teacher,teaching us pronunciation of every English word with great .(patient)
3.The place of interest is so that many tourists are by its beautiful scenery.(fascinate)
4.The most (reward) result of doing work is that I get to know when and where to be at my best.
5.The father goes skating on the (freeze) river every Sunday afternoon in winter.
6.He crossed over to the window to see if it was still (mist).
7.Actually,only by getting moving and (constant) adjusting the plan can we achieve our final goal.
8.Rapid (industry) growth makes new demands on science and technology.
9.In the afternoon,you together with some of our student (represent) are going to visit the Hai River.
【答案】 1.between 2.patient;patience 3.fascinating;fascinated 4.rewarding 5.frozen 6.misty 7.constantly 8.industrial 9.representatives
假设你是李华,你所在的班级将开展一次主题为“Poetry to me”的班会,请你与同学们分享你和诗歌之间的不解之缘。
1.当我还是个婴儿的时候,我妈妈经常给我读许多童谣。(numerous;rhyme)
When I was a baby,my mother used to read me numerous nursery rhymes.
2.它们充满了爱和温暖。
They are filled up with love and warmth.
3.这些童谣可能没有意义,甚至看起来相互矛盾,但它们很容易理解。(contradictory)
These nursery rhymes may not make sense and even seem contradictory,but they are easy to understand.
4.它们也能展现出简单平凡事物的隐秘之美。
They can also display the hidden beauty of simple and ordinary things.
5.随着时间的流逝,我爱上了诗歌。(as引导时间状语从句)
As time goes by,I fell in love with poetry.
6.诗歌蕴涵着比书页上的文字更深刻的意义。读到充满生动形象的诗歌是令人兴奋的。(imply;encounter )
Poetry implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.It is exciting to encounter poems filled with vivid images.
7.诗歌可能是难懂的。但只要我掌握了它的意思,它就会长久地陪伴着我。(complex;grasp)
Poetry can be complex.But as long as I grasp its meaning,it will stay with me for a long time.
8.而且,当我有规律地理解诗歌时,我会不断地发现新的东西——即使是在我以前便读过很多次的诗中。(perceive;constantly)
Also,when I perceive poetry regularly,I will constantly discover new things — even in poems that I have read many times before.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用动词不定式作定语进行改写升级。
When I was a baby,my mother used to read me numerous nursery rhymes,which are filled up with love and warmth.
2.将第6句用such...that...句式进行改写升级。
Poetry implies such a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page that it is exciting to encounter poems filled with vivid images.
[连句成篇]
When I was a baby,my mother used to read me numerous nursery rhymes,which are filled up with love and warmth.These nursery rhymes may not make sense and even seem contradictory,but they are easy to understand.They can also display the hidden beauty of simple and ordinary things.
As time goes by,I fell in love with poetry.Poetry implies such a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page that it is exciting to encounter poems filled with vivid images.
Poetry can be complex.But as long as I grasp its meaning,it will stay with me for a long time.Also,when I perceive poetry regularly,I will constantly discover new things—even in poems that I have read many times before.
要求:在线训练的基础上,在段前、段中、段后增加关联句,使语境更完整,构成片段训练。
①当我完成了我的试演,我感谢了怀特先生,知道结果将在第二天张贴在合唱室的门上。我整夜在床上辗转反侧,无法入睡。到了第二天早上,我匆匆赶到学校,感觉好像我的心都提到嗓子眼儿了。②那里,我的名字在名单的最上面。受到鼓舞,我更加努力地练习,为演出的那一天做准备。演出的日子终于来了。当我站在后台时,紧张感涌上心头。当叫到我的名字时,我感到忐忑不安。我颤抖着双腿走到了舞台上,我能感觉到手掌出汗,心跳加速。大厅里挤满了观众,这使我更加不安。我的心怦怦直跳,好像要炸裂似的。③就在那一刻,我的目光停在拐角处的怀特先生身上。他点了点头,和我交换了一个坚定的眼神,这使我的心及时到位。随着音乐响起,我开始唱歌。当我唱完时,礼堂里爆发出一片欢呼声。
④When I finished my audition,I thanked Mr.White and knew the result would be posted on the door of the choral room the next day.I couldn’t fall asleep,tossing and turning in bed for a whole night.By the next morning,I hurried to school and felt as if my heart were in my mouth.⑤There,my name was at the top of the list.Inspired,I practised even harder for the day of performance.Finally the day for the performance came. As soon as I was standing backstage,nervousness came flooding over me.When my name was called,I could feel butterflies in my stomach.My trembling legs brought me onstage,and I could feel my palms sweating and my heart racing.The hall was crowded with audience,which made me even more uneasy.My heart was pounding hard,as if it were about to pop.⑥At that moment,my eyes parked on Mr.White at the corner.He nodded and exchanged a determined glance with me,which timely put my heart in place.With the music rising,I began my singing.When I finished,the auditorium erupted into a sea of cheers.
(设问:你还能想到其他的相关片段吗 )
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Unit 4 Exploring poetry
1.grasp n.理解,领会;抓紧,握紧,控制;能力所及
vt.抓紧;领会,理解
[语境运用]一词多义/完成句子
(1)①He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.
②The course offered online this term is set for students to grasp Chinese philosophy and traditional culture.
握紧
理解
③With the development of economic globalisation,the enterprises realise the necessity of cooperating with each other to grasp the new market opportunities.
(2)④为了深刻了解一种文化,学习它的语言是最好的方法。(应用文写作之建议信)
,learning its language is the best way.
⑤尼克抓紧父亲的手,什么也没说。(读后续写之动作描写)
Nick and said nothing.
抓住
In order to have a good grasp of a culture
grasped his father by the hand
·have a good/thorough grasp/command of sth精通…/深刻了解…
beyond the grasp of sb为某人所不能理解…
within one’s grasp 力所能及,有把握
·grasp the chance/opportunity to do sth 抓住机会去做某事
grasp sb by the hand/arm 抓紧某人的手/手臂
grasp hold of 抓住
2.reward vt.奖励,奖赏
n.奖励,回报;悬赏金
[语境运用]完成句子
①(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)花几分钟的时间浏览一两页会是一种有益的体验。
A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be
.
②这项工作很辛苦,但报酬丰厚。
This job is difficult,but are great.
experience
a rewarding
the financial rewards
③比赛结束时,我们学校用水果和鲜花奖赏获胜者。
Our school fruit and flowers when the race ended.
④我很乐意带你游玩北京,以报答你的慷慨相助。(应用文写作之感谢信)
I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing
.
rewarded the winners with
as a reward for your
generous help/in reward for your generous help
·reward sb with sth用…奖赏某人
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)…而酬谢/报答某人
·in reward for...为报答…;作为…的奖赏
as a reward for...作为对…的报酬
give/offer a reward to sb for (doing) sth为(做)某事而给某人报酬
·rewarding adj.报酬高的;值得做的,有益的
[语境运用]完成句子
①(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷改编)这本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式。
The book aimed at .
②科学家们提倡提高公众保护珍贵遗产的意识。(应用文写作之倡议书)
Scientists of preserving the precious heritage.
3.advocate vt.拥护,支持,提倡
n.拥护者,支持者;辩护律师
advocating a simple digital lifestyle
advocated raising the public’s awareness
③我提倡每个人都把保护环境作为自己的责任。(应用文写作之演讲稿)
I it their duty to make a contribution to protecting the environment.
④人们主张所有人都应该过低碳生活来保护我们的环境。(话题写作之环境保护)
all people should live a low-carbon life to protect our environment.
advocate everyone to make
It is advocated that
·advocate doing sth提倡做某事
advocate sb to do sth提倡让某人做某事
advocate that...(should) do sth主张/提倡…
it is advocated that...人们主张/支持…
·an advocate of sth某事物的拥护者
4.claim n.声明,宣称;所有权;索赔
vt.宣称,声称;要求;索取;获得;认领;夺去(生命/财产等)
[语境运用]完成句子/句型转换
(1)①政府声称要给对国家做出重大贡献的人提供津贴。
The government allowance for people who made great contributions to our country.
claimed to provide
②据说,海洋正在遭受严重的污染。到了我们致力于保护它的时候了。(话题写作之环境保护)
.It’s high time that we should devote ourselves to protecting it.
It is claimed that the ocean is suffering serious pollution
③我正走在街上,一个女人拦住了我,声称她以前一定在什么地方见过我。(读后续写之动作描写)
I was walking down the street when a woman stopped me,
somewhere before.
(2)④He claimed that he had found a mysterious star through a telescope.
→He claimed a mysterious star through a telescope.
claiming that
she must have met me
to have found
claim to have done sth 声称做过某事
claim sth back 索回某物
claim sth from sb (for sth) (因某事)向某人索要某物
claim that/to do...声称…
5.distinguish vt.& vi. 成为…的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出众
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子/一句多译
(1)①The student was able his own strengths from weaknesses,and the progress he made was to both teachers and classmates.(distinguish)
distinguished
to distinguish
distinguishable
(2)②阅读书籍既能拓宽我们的视野又能教我们分辨是非。(话题写作之学习与生活)
Reading books can not only broaden our horizons but also
.
③音乐的某些特质使其有别于其他所有艺术形式。(话题写作之音乐)
There is something about music that .
distinguish between right and wrong
teach us to
distinguishes it from all other art forms
(3)④杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名遐迩,每年都吸引着大量的游客。(应用文写作之推荐信)
→Hangzhou and attracts large numbers of tourists every year.
→ ,Hangzhou attracts large numbers of tourists every year.(形容词短语作状语)
is distinguished for its fascinating scenery
Distinguished for its fascinating scenery
·distinguish...from...使…有别于…;把…与…区分开来
distinguish between A and B 区分A和B
distinguish oneself (as/by sth) (作为/因…)著名;使自己出众
·distinguished adj.杰出的,卓越的,著名的;高贵的,受尊重的
be distinguished for ...因…而著名
·distinguishable adj.易分辨的;可区分的
6.owe vt.欠(情);欠(债);应给予;应该把…归功于
[语境运用]完成句子/句型转换
(1)①我们应该给予这些为全人类做出更大贡献的人们更多的尊重。(应用文写作之倡议书)
We who made greater contributions to all human beings.
should owe these people more respect
②我们中国人把这些成就归功于改革开放的力量和我们民族锲而不舍的精神。(话题写作之观点表达)
We Chinese the strength of reform and opening-up and the persevering spirit of our nation.
③目睹了整个过程,他知道他欠他的朋友一个真诚的道歉。(读后续写之场景描写)
Having witnessed the whole process,he knew he
.
owe these achievements to
owed his friend a heartfelt
apology/a heartfelt apology to his friend
(2)④Because of his optimism and perseverance,he was admitted into a famous university.
→ he was admitted into a famous university.(owing to;强调句型)
It was owing to his optimism and perseverance that
·owe sb sth=owe sth to sb欠某人某物
owe it to sb that...把…归功于某人
owe an apology to sb/owe sb an apology应向某人道歉
·owing to 因为…;由于…
[语境运用]完成句子/语境串词
(1)①很多人发现早上起床很难,于是把责任推到闹钟上。
Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning and
the alarm clock.
7.blame vt.把…归咎于,责怪,指责
n.责任,责备,指责
lay/put the blame on
②你最好永远不要把自己的失败归咎于他人,你应该为失败承担责任。(应用文写作之建议信)
You had better never others.You should
the failure.
③由于演出失败而受到指责,蒂姆感到一阵悲伤,他忍不住痛哭起来。(读后续写之情感描写)
, Tim felt he was seized by a burst of sadness and couldn’t help crying bitterly.(过去分词短语作状语)
blame your own failure on
take/bear the blame for
Blamed for the failure of the performance
(2)④他因这次重大的错误受到了责备,但他把这件事归咎于别人。事实上,应该是他而不是别人要为此负责。
He was the big mistake,but he others.In fact,it is he,not others,that is it.
blamed for
blamed it on
to blame for
·blame sth on sb/sth把某事归咎于某人/某事(物)
blame...for (doing) sth因(做)某事责备…
be to blame for (doing) sth因(做)…承担责任/该受责备
·take/bear the blame for sth承担某事的责任
lay/put the blame for sth on...把某事归咎于…
8.set sth aside把…放一边;留出;暂时不考虑
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子
(1)①After some money for future emergencies,he set out to a new business.He all his plans and ideas,and then doing the necessary preparations.Finally,
he on a journey to explore potential markets,hoping that his efforts would a wave of success and his business would thrive.
setting aside
set up
set down
set about
set out
set off
(2)②上周末我们很早就动身去参加农场的采摘活动。(话题写作之活动介绍)
We a picking activity on a farm last weekend.
③现在我很高兴地告诉你,我们学校将举办一个中国剪纸展览。我真诚地希望你能拨冗前来参加这场艺术盛宴。(应用文写作之邀请信)
Now I’m glad to tell you there will be a Chinese paper cutting exhibition in our school.I sincerely hope for the art feast.
set out early to take part in
you can set aside some time
set off 出发,动身;使爆炸;引发,激起
set up 开办,建立
set down 记下;放下
set about doing sth开始做,着手做
set out (to do sth) 动身;开始(做)
[语境运用]完成句子
①她很想打断他们的谈话,但又不愿显得太粗鲁。
She longed to on their conversation but didn’t want to appear rude.
②该体育俱乐部决定摒弃过去的某些做法。
The sports club decided to some of the past practices.
9.break with sth与某事终止关联,破除
break in
break with
③毕业后,他决定离开家。
He decided to home after graduation.
④这个女孩想到她没能得到这个角色,就突然哭了起来。
The girl as she thought of her failure to get the role.
break away from
broke into tears
break away from离开,脱离,突然挣脱
break down (机器或车辆)出故障,损坏;(身体等)垮掉;(情感等)失控;使分解
(为),使变化(成);(谈判、计划等)失败
break in打断,插嘴;破门而入
break into强行闯入;突然…起来
break off中断,折断,断绝
break out突然爆发
break through冲破,突破
break up (使)破碎,分解
1.Second,approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape.
第二,走进诗歌,就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。
◆as if 引导方式状语从句
本句中主句为祈使句,从句使用了虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的情况。
[语境运用]完成句子
①听到他的话,我被一种强烈的兴奋和自豪感所控制,我只是站在那里目瞪口呆,我的脚就像扎根在地上一样,一动也不能动。(读后续写之动作描写)
Dominated by an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride at his words,I simply stood there dumbfounded,and my feet, ,
couldn’t move a bit.
as if had rooted to the ground
②看来不久可能要下雨。
it might rain soon.
③这件事她全部记得,就像它发生在昨天一样。
She remembers it all .
④他高兴地谈论着,好像要成为我们的班长似的。
He talks gladly our monitor.
It looks as if/though
as if/though it had happened yesterday
as if/though he would be
虚拟语气在as if引导的从句中的运用:
as if (=as though)意为“似乎,好像”,可引导表语从句(一般置于系动词look,
seem,appear之后)和方式状语从句。若从句表示真实的情况或将来实现的可能性较大的情况,从句用陈述语气;若从句表示的是非真实的情况或将来实现的可能性不大的情况,则从句用虚拟语气。
·表示与现在的事实相反的情况时,从句谓语用一般过去式(be动词通常用were)。
·表示与过去的事实相反的情况时,从句谓语用“had+过去分词”。
·表示将来实现的可能性较小的情况时,从句谓语用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
2.Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings.
相比容易理解的诗,那些不断展现更加深刻的、先前未发现的意义的诗常常更加有趣。
◆“主语+be+adj.+to do”句型
[语境运用]完成句子/一句多译
(1)①即使这个问题很难解决,我也没有放弃,因为我坚信“有志者,事竟成。”
(读后续写之主题升华)
Even though ,I didn’t give it up because I firmly believed that “Where there is a will,there is a way.”
the problem was difficult to solve
(2)②我不仅容易相处而且乐于帮助处在困境中的人。
→I am not only but also willing to help others in trouble.
→ help others in trouble.(倒装句式)
easy to get along/on with
Not only am I easy to get along/on with but also I am willing to
·特点:不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
·使用此句型须具备两个前提条件:
①不定式和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系;
②形容词为difficult,hard,easy,pleasant,comfortable,interesting,exciting等。
·注意:在该结构中,若不定式中的动词为不及物动词,其后应加上相应的介词。
3.Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings,which breathes vitality into the lifeless objects he describes,and which distinguishes him from other landscape poets.
同样让人印象深刻的是李白强烈情感的自由抒发,这为他笔下的无生命物体注入了生机,也让他有别于其他山水诗人。
◆全部倒装
(1)该句为“表语(Equally impressive)+系动词(is)+主语(Li Bai’s free expression of strong feelings)”结构的全部倒装句,两个which引导并列的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词free expression,即主句主语中心词。
(2)当表语是分词、形容词、副词、介词短语,主语比较长且主语是名词时,为了保持句子平衡,常把表语放在句首,引起句子全部倒装。
Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
我头顶上是平静的海面。
[语境运用]完成句子
①听到狗狂吠,这个男孩跑开了。(读后续写之动作描写)
Hearing the dog barking fiercely, .
②秋天来了,叶子落了。(读后续写之场景描写)
Autumn coming, .
away ran the boy
down fall the leaves
③出席会议的是我们学校的学生。
students from our school.
④我们年轻的日子一去不复返了。
when we were young.
Present at the meeting were
Gone are the days
其他全部倒装情况:
·here,there,now,then,thus等副词置于句首(谓语动词常用 be,come,go,lie,run等表示来去或状态的动词)。
·表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首(谓语动词强调运动的动作)。
·在there be 或者 there live (stand,appear,seem,remain,exist...)句式中。
·在某些表示祝愿的句式中。
全部倒装句式结构的主语必须是名词,如果主语是人称代词则不能全部倒装。
单元能力·提升自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2024·全国甲卷)The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to (偏僻的) towns in central and eastern Russia.
2.(2024·浙江1月卷)...I had the kind of humbling,educational,and above all else,wonderful (偶然遇到) with a local that all travellers long for.
remote
encounter
3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)These days you can see traffic jams around schools that drop off at pick-up times,but it’s hard to (指责) the parents.
4.News reports on the same events may sometimes contain different or even
(相互矛盾的) information.
5.Scientists (宣称) to have discovered a cure for the disease,which is good news for the patients.
blame
contradictory
claimed
6.The poem is so (复杂的) that I’m afraid I cannot find out its true inner beauty even with much effort.
7.You are at (自由) to say what you like.
8.All groups are (使享有权利) to this money without distinction.
complex
liberty
entitled
1.You have to her because she is under much pressure these days.
2.She decided to her bad habits and lifestyle and start a new life.
Ⅱ.用本单元所学短语完成句子
make allowance for
set aside break with have a huge impact on dig up make allowance for as long as
break with
3.You can be anyone you want, you are confident of yourself.
4.Her mother’s education her behaviour and personality,which benefited her for the rest of her life.
as long as
set aside break with have a huge impact on dig up make allowance for as long as
had a huge impact on
5.It’s much wise some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful.
6.Yesterday they continued the search, the backyard of the house.
to set aside
set aside break with have a huge impact on dig up make allowance for as long as
digging up
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Poetry is an 1. (express) of one’s will.2. is kept in the heart is the will,but when expressed in words,it is poetry.Poetry usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.Do you know how
3. (reveal) the hidden dimension First,read 4. poem aloud to feel how it sounds. In this way,you can grasp its true meaning better.
Second,explore the poem by asking some 5. (basis) questions about it.
expression
What
to reveal
the
basic
As you do so,you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem.Third,if you still fail 6. interpret the meaning of it even with painstaking effort,just have more patience.Sometimes 7. (read) a poem can be a lifelong job.Believe your 8. (effort) will be rewarded one day.Finally,it’s not necessary to 9. (full) understand a poem to appreciate it.As long as poetry reading 10. (let) you perceive another level of meaning,that’s enough.
to
reading
efforts
fully
lets
单句语法填空
1.(2024·全国甲卷) However,another way the cats are able to distinguish
situations is by looking for familiar smells.
2.She was a teacher,teaching us pronunciation of every English word with great .(patient)
3.The place of interest is so that many tourists are by its beautiful scenery.(fascinate)
between
patient
patience
fascinating
fascinated
4.The most (reward) result of doing work is that I get to know when and where to be at my best.
5.The father goes skating on the (freeze) river every Sunday afternoon in winter.
6.He crossed over to the window to see if it was still (mist).
rewarding
frozen
misty
7.Actually,only by getting moving and (constant) adjusting the plan can we achieve our final goal.
8.Rapid (industry) growth makes new demands on science and technology.
9.In the afternoon,you together with some of our student
(represent) are going to visit the Hai River.
constantly
industrial
representatives
微写作
记叙文——语言学习——诗歌
假设你是李华,你所在的班级将开展一次主题为“Poetry to me”的班会,请你与同学们分享你和诗歌之间的不解之缘。
1.当我还是个婴儿的时候,我妈妈经常给我读许多童谣。(numerous;rhyme)
When I was a baby,my mother used to read me numerous nursery rhymes.
2.它们充满了爱和温暖。
They are filled up with love and warmth.
3.这些童谣可能没有意义,甚至看起来相互矛盾,但它们很容易理解。(contradictory)
These nursery rhymes may not make sense and even seem contradictory,
but they are easy to understand.
4.它们也能展现出简单平凡事物的隐秘之美。
They can also display the hidden beauty of simple and ordinary things.
5.随着时间的流逝,我爱上了诗歌。(as引导时间状语从句)
As time goes by,I fell in love with poetry.
6.诗歌蕴涵着比书页上的文字更深刻的意义。读到充满生动形象的诗歌是令人兴奋的。(imply;encounter )
Poetry implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page.It is exciting to encounter poems filled with vivid images.
7.诗歌可能是难懂的。但只要我掌握了它的意思,它就会长久地陪伴着我。(complex;grasp)
Poetry can be complex.But as long as I grasp its meaning,it will stay with me for a long time.
8.而且,当我有规律地理解诗歌时,我会不断地发现新的东西——即使是在我以前便读过很多次的诗中。(perceive;constantly)
Also,when I perceive poetry regularly,I will constantly discover new things — even in poems that I have read many times before.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用动词不定式作定语进行改写升级。
When I was a baby,my mother used to read me numerous nursery rhymes,which are filled up with love and warmth.
2.将第6句用such...that...句式进行改写升级。
Poetry implies such a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page that it is exciting to encounter poems filled with vivid images.
[连句成篇]
When I was a baby,my mother used to read me numerous nursery rhymes,which are filled up with love and warmth.These nursery rhymes may not make sense and even seem contradictory,but they are easy to understand.
They can also display the hidden beauty of simple and ordinary things.
As time goes by,I fell in love with poetry.Poetry implies such a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page that it is exciting to encounter poems filled with vivid images.
Poetry can be complex.But as long as I grasp its meaning,it will stay with me for a long time.Also,when I perceive poetry regularly,I will constantly discover new things—even in poems that I have read many times before.
读后续写微技能
面训练——“紧张、不安”
要求:在线训练的基础上,在段前、段中、段后增加关联句,使语境更完整,构成片段训练。
①当我完成了我的试演,我感谢了怀特先生,知道结果将在第二天张贴在合唱室的门上。我整夜在床上辗转反侧,无法入睡。到了第二天早上,我匆匆赶到学校,感觉好像我的心都提到嗓子眼儿了。②那里,我的名字在名单的最上面。受到鼓舞,我更加努力地练习,为演出的那一天做准备。演出的日子终于来了。当我站在后台时,紧张感涌上心头。当叫到我的名字时,我感到忐忑不安。我颤抖着双腿走到了舞台上,我能感觉到手掌出汗,心跳加速。大厅里挤满了观众,这使我更加不安。我的心怦怦直跳,好像要炸裂似的。③就在那一刻,我的目光停在拐角处的怀特先生身上。他点了点头,和我交换了一个坚定的眼神,这使我的心及时到位。随着音乐响起,我开始唱歌。当我唱完时,礼堂里爆发出一片欢呼声。
④When I finished my audition,I thanked Mr.White and knew the result would be posted on the door of the choral room the next day.I couldn’t fall asleep,tossing and turning in bed for a whole night.By the next morning,I hurried to school and felt as if my heart were in my mouth.⑤There,my name was at the top of the list.Inspired,I practised even harder for the day of performance.Finally the day for the performance came.
As soon as I was standing backstage,nervousness came flooding over me.
When my name was called,I could feel butterflies in my stomach.My trembling legs brought me onstage,and I could feel my palms sweating and my heart racing.The hall was crowded with audience,which made me even more uneasy.My heart was pounding hard,as if it were about to pop.
⑥At that moment,my eyes parked on Mr.White at the corner.He nodded and exchanged a determined glance with me,which timely put my heart in place.With the music rising,I began my singing.When I finished,the auditorium erupted into a sea of cheers.
(设问:你还能想到其他的相关片段吗 )
