【素养测评】高二下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷-全国甲卷（一）
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英语 第1页（共2页）
英语 第2页（共2页）【素养测评】高二下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷-全国甲卷（一）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Inspired by Marco Polo, who traveled to China along the ancient Silk Road more than 700 years ago, Italian traveler Vienna-Cammarota set off from the legendary explorer’s hometown Venice on April 26th, 2022, to retrace the route on foot.
With a simple backpack and two trekking poles (徒步手杖), 74-year-old Cammarota has covered 20, 000 km and passed through dozens of countries. The moment she set foot in China on August 29th, she was warmly greeted by people who put on traditional dance and singing performances for her arrival via Irkeshtam, the country’s farthest-west land port in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
Starting from Xinjiang, Cammarota has embarked on a 15-month cultural journey across China and will explore over 30 cities in 17 provinces. Her journey will come to an end in Beijing to mark the 750th anniversary of Marco Polo’s arrival in China.
Throughout her trip, Cammarota witnessed the transformation of the ancient Silk road into a corridor of economic and cultural exchange, “I have seen the bridges, highways, and railways built under China’s Belt and Road Initiative which connect countries in a way that echoes the Silk Road’s historical role in facilitating trade and cultural exchange.”
Last year, Cammarota reached Tajikistan, where she visited the China-Tajikistan highway project. The infrastructure project, once completed, is expected to enhance regional connectivity and bring new opportunities. “This project embodies the spirit of BRI — bring hope and development to the countries along the path,” she said.
For Cammarota, this journey is more than retracing Marco Polo’s footsteps. She hopes her travel will help people in Italy and the West see the true beauty and greatness of China. “This is a land filled with numerous UNESCO heritage sites, cutting-edge technology, and a harmonious balance between urban development and natural preservation,” she said.
Describing herself as an ambassador of cultural exchange and mordern-day Marco Polo, Cammarota noted that “I want people to know about Marco Polo and the Silk Road, but I also want to send a message to women of my age — it’s never too late to pursue your dream”
1．What can we learn about Cammarota
A．She fully equipped herself with devices before departure.
B．She was impressed by the charm and beauty in China.
C．She focused on providing high-quality introduction.
D．She spent 15 months travelling from Venice, Italy to Beijing, China.
2．What does the underlined word “echoes” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Reflects. B．Cites. C．Anticipates. D．Adapts.
3．Which is NOT the purpose for Cammarota to set about her journey
A．To follow the footsteps of Marco Polo.
B．To gain recognition from the public.
C．To set a positive example to her peers.
D．To bridge the communication between the West and China.
4．Why did Cammarota name herself as an ambassador of cultural exchange
A．Because she is totally qualified for the position.
B．Because she has undertaken the task without any hesitation.
C．Because she has applied the theory into practice successfully.
D．Because she has committed herself to promoting cultural exchange.
B
Chongqing has excellent transportation and is known as a 3D city. The Chongqing rail transit connects the streets and alleys of Chongqing. If you want to understand the fireworks atmosphere of Chongqing, follow us into several representative subway stations.
Hong Yan Cun Station
As the world’s second deepest subway station, located 116 meters underground, equivalent to a 40 story skyscraper, this depth brings many design and construction challenges. The station adopts a single arch double-layer structure design, which not only meets the rationality of structural mechanics, but also adapts to the unique mountainous terrain of Chongqing.
Xiao Long Kan Station
This is the first subway graffiti art station in China with the theme of “forest graffiti”. The station is composed of twelve dark green graffiti columns in the station hall, graffiti lawn terraces painted on the staircase facade, dark green tree crowns, and navy blue ceilings, forming a “forest”. Citizens feel as if they are immersed in nature.
Chong Guang Station
The dazzling design of the entrance and exit 1 of the station is named “Ring of Light - Gate of All Things”. The design concept of “Wishful Tree” is adopted in the passage, combining neon light rings with indoor plants, allowing citizens to pass through it as if entering a fantasy forest. The construction of the entrance and exit of the “Ring of Light” has effectively achieved “zero distance” transfer and “seamless” connection between rail transit and commercial areas.
Lie Shi Mu Station
The station is filled with abstract graffiti, with bluestone roads, pine trees and plum blossoms, bird songs and laughter... hiding common imprints in the memories of Chongqing people. Soft light falls on the Chongqing style graffiti, and the scenery in the painting seems to be shrouded in a thin mist. The graffiti area at the Martyrs’ Tomb Station is 5000 square meters, which is about 1.5 times that of Xiaolongkan Station, and the indoor graffiti area is currently the largest in the country.
5．Which subway station is the second deepest in the world
A．Hong Yan Cun Station B．Xiao Long Kan Station
C．Chong Guang Station D．Lie Shi Mu Station
6．What is the main idea of this passage
A．To introduce the history of Chongqing rail transit.
B．To describe the unique design of several representative subway stations in Chongqing.
C．To talk about the transportation development in Chongqing.
D．To explain the popularity of subway stations among Chongqing people.
7．What can we infer from the passage about Lie Shi Mu Station
A．It is the most popular subway station in Chongqing.
B．The graffiti in it is mainly about future life.
C．Its large graffiti area makes it quite special.
D．It has the same design concept as other stations.
C
Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the first person of either sex to win two Nobel Prizes in two different sciences.
The Polish-born scientist left her country in 1891. Two years after her arrival in Paris, the brilliant woman earned her master’s degrees in math and physics at the University of Paris. Over the next forty years, she would earn a PhD in physics from the University of Paris.
Marie Curie was never satisfied with what she had achieved. “Life is not easy for any of us. But what of it ” she said, “We must have perseverance (毅力) and, above all, confidence in ourselves.”
In 1894 she met a young scientist named Pierre Curie, and in 1895 they married. When a friend offered to gift her a dress for the occasion, she said, “I have no dress except the one I wear every day. If you are going to be kind enough to give me one, please let it be practical and dark so that I can wear it later to go to the lab.” She wore that dark blue dress in the lab for many years.
Marie Curie died in 1934 at the age of 66 because of a disease caused by the very radiation (辐射) she had discovered.
8．What do we know about Marie Curie
A．She was the first to win two Nobel Prizes. B．She got married to Pierre Curie in 1894.
C．She got her master’s degrees in Poland. D．She won two Nobel Prizes in physics.
9．When did Marie Curie leave her country
A．In 1896. B．In 1895. C．In 1893. D．In 1891.
10．What does the underlined word “brilliant” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Careless. B．Hopeless. C．Clever. D．Unlucky.
11．Why did Marie Curie ask her friend to send her a dark dress
A．Because the dark dress was dearer. B．Because she didn’t like other colors.
C．Because she could wear it in the lab. D．Because blue brought her good luck.
D
The mysterious “Great Attractor” is pulling the Milky Way galaxy off course. No matter what you’re doing right now—sitting, standing, walking—you’re moving.
Specifically, you’re moving at least four different ways. First, the Earth is turning very fast while it’s in space, going about 1,000 miles per hour, or 1,600 kilometers per hour. This turning makes our days and nights. Next, the Earth and the other planets are going around the sun. We move at about 67,000 miles per hour, or 108;000 kilometers per hour. This movement makes our seasons and years. Also, the sun and everything around it is going around the middle of our galaxy (星系), the Milky Way, really fast, over 500,000 miles per hour, or 828,000 kilometers per hour. Plus, everything in the universe is always getting bigger as it spreads out.
But a long time ago, in the 1970s, space experts saw that something was different about the galaxies close to us, called the Local Group. These galaxies were being pulled away from their normal path really fast, towards something we couldn’t see. They named this place the Great Attractor, but it’s hard to learn more about it because we can’t see it well.
“The Milky Way has so many stars and dust, which hides the information we want to see in that direction. So our galaxy is hiding the Great Attractor,” says Jorge Moreno, a space expert at a college. This place we can’t see is called the Zone of Avoidance by people who study space. We still don’t know everything about why the Milky Way and the other galaxies are being pulled off course, but there have been some ideas. The newest idea is a very big group of galaxies called Laniakea, which means “big sky” in Hawaiian. Want to know more about space secrets Send us an email at shortwave@ npr.org.
12．What causes the Earth’s days and nights according to the article
A．The expansion of the universe. B．The Earth’s turning around itself.
C．The Earth’s orbit around the sun. D．The Earth’s turning around the Milky Way.
13．What does “Zone of Avoidance” in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A．A galaxy-free space. B．A hidden part of the sky.
C．The speed of galaxy movement. D．The cause of galaxy attraction.
14．What can be inferred about the Great Attractor from the information provided
A．It is visible with the naked eyes.
B．It is located somewhere within the Milky Way.
C．It is a large object affecting the motion of nearby galaxies.
D．It is known to be a single galaxy which pulls on other galaxies around it.
15．Where might this article have been published
A．A cooking blog. B．A fashion magazine.
C．A gardening enthusiast’s journal. D．A public radio program’s website.
第二节 (其5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Conflicts happen a lot when people interact, especially kids. When kids don’t agree, argue, or respond to each other, it can lead to tough and emotional moments. 16 Instead, they can be a good way for kids to learn important social and emotional skills. Here’s how you can help kids learn from conflicts.
17 Research shows that kids under three can solve conflicts by themselves, like walking away, giving up, or using actions like smiling or sharing toys, especially if they were playing together before the conflict. Older kids can also solve conflicts by talking things through, saying sorry, or coming up with ways to play together. Watch how the kids do and don’t step in unless needed.
Ask questions to find out what’s happening and how each kid feels. Asking questions encourages kids to talk and shows them that it’s their job to solve the conflict. Make sure each kid gets a chance to share their side and feelings, and acknowledge those feelings. 18
Comfort, encourage, and support the kids. Helping kids with their feelings makes it easier for them to solve problems and talk to friends. 19 Kindness and care can help kids manage those negative feelings. When kids feel understood, they are better prepared to learn and find solutions to their problems.
Teach kids to express themselves clearly. Give kids different things they can say, like “Can I have a turn ” or “I’m playing with this now.” or “That bothers me!” 20 Pay attention to how they show their feeling without words, especially for younger kids who might use simple phrases without really understanding them.
A．Let the kids try to work it out on their own.
B．Stay sensitive to situations that may lead to conflict.
C．But, we shouldn’t think of conflicts as bad things.
D．Gentle questioning can help case negative emotions.
E．Good questions can help kids come up with good solutions.
F．Strong emotions, like anger or worry can confuse their thinking.
G．This helps kids learn social skills and the right words to use.
第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Let’s face it, studying is hard work. But if you’re honest with yourself you know that all the effort will 21 in the end. Doing well in school will mean you have a 22 chance of getting the career you really want. Okay, so you knew that already.
23 did you know that someone who studies harder is far more 24 to become a better person too
Here is a real story for students to read.
The story becomes special when you see what troubles she overcame.
She had a 25 childhood. She was once stabbed (刀刺) in the face by the young gang(帮派)member, and at times eating only ice because her family couldn’t afford 26 .
You can conclude that she lived in a poor neighborhood where 27 was a common thing.
On top of that she was very bad in school, 28 at math and chemistry. That didn’t stop her from going on to graduate in the top five of her college class with a degree in 29 .
After the 30 in which she got stabbed, she 31 to a new school. But she couldn’t afford to move to a(n) 32 neighborhood. Now she was two hours away from her new school, going every day through two very 33 areas.
She was interested in the people in her new school. An interesting fact is that her English was “good” 34 to kids in the new school. She meets mentor (辅导老师) that teaches her math so she could get 35 grades. Through this process, she 36 how actually smart she is and the only thing that was stopping her was fear.
To make the story 37 she started to teach math and later she got an offer to work for NASA on real rocket design.
The only thing that stops you is the 38 of unknown. 39 is that hard that you can’t learn or overcome. I 40 you to check her book called Mathaphobia: How You Can Overcome Your Math Fears and Become a Rocket Scientist by Olympia LePoint.
21．A．take off B．get up C．pay off D．look out
22．A．better B．worse C．less D．higher
23．A．And B．If C．So D．But
24．A．impossible B．likely C．necessary D．important
25．A．happy B．impressive C．terrible D．pleasant
26．A．food B．drinks C．goods D．snacks
27．A．friendship B．relationship C．company D．violence
28．A．passing B．failing C．succeeding D．grading
29．A．physics B．chemistry C．math D．biology
30．A．accident B．event C．matter D．incident
31．A．returned B．left C．went D．moved
32．A．old B．safe C．new D．nice
33．A．similar B．different C．same D．far
34．A．compared B．addicted C．adjusted D．led
35．A．negative B．high C．low D．top
36．A．recognized B．noticed C．admitted D．realized
37．A．longer B．deeper C．shorter D．nicer
38．A．fear B．surprise C．amazement D．disappointment
39．A．Something B．Nothing C．Anything D．Everything
40．A．suggest B．wish C．hope D．recommend
第二节 语法填空 ( 共10小题:每小题1.5分, 满分15分 )
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
As China and Laos marked the first anniversary (周年纪念日) of the launch of cross-border passenger railway services on April 13, both sides have added another pair of trains 41 the China-Laos Railway’s international passenger service.
The newly added trains run between Xishuangbanna in the most 42 (south) tip of Yunnan province and the town of Luang Prabang in northern Laos, both of 43 are popular tourist destinations.
According to China State Railway Group Co, the additional trains will 44 (initial) operate every Monday, Friday, Saturday and Sunday. The entire trip covers six stations and takes about five hours, enabling passengers to make 45 round trip in one day. Tickets can 46 (buy) online and offline.
As a high-quality landmark project under the Belt and Road Initiative, the China-Laos Railway 47 (begin) international passenger services on April 13 last year. Within a year, the railway has handled more than 180,000 cross-border passenger trips 48 (involve) travelers from 87 countries and regions.
49 (representative) from China and Laos at the ceremony greeted the first group of passengers arriving at Luang Prabang. They also showered the passengers with blessings by sprinkling (洒) water and took photos with 50 (they), sending the China-Laos Railway's best wishes and praising China-Laos friendship.
第三部分 (共两节,满分35分)
第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
51．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I remember that I love reading and creating fairy stories in my childhood. I spent many evening in my room alone writing stories. I lived in them and could almost see which I was writing about. Once, I was shocking when my mom went into my room all of sudden. After that, she was always knocked at the door softly to avoid disturb me. When we moved to a new home a few years before, I put my old writings in a box. I treasure those stories, because they show that I had a wonderful imagine as a kid. In fact, I take pride of what I did in my childhood.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Gabriel had always been fascinated by robots. His mother, however, did not think much of it. She often criticized him, urging him to focus on his schoolwork instead of those“ useless machines”, as she called them. She wanted him to spend more time on his books, and less time lost in the world of robotics. He, however, always worked quietly on parts, trying to create inventions that could solve everyday problems.
One day, Gabriel came back from school, bursting through the front door, holding a shining award in his hand. The gas detection robot he had built for months had just won first place in the regional competition. His heart raced as he imagined his mother would be proud this time.
“Mom! Look! I won!” he cried. His mother, standing at the kitchen counter, looked briefly. She sighed, “That’s nice, Gabriel, but I still don’t see what good it will do you. It’s not going to help you with your grades or get you into college. You need to focus on something more practical.” Her voice showed no interest. Gabriel remained quiet, determined to prove that what he was doing had value.
One evening, as the delicious smell of dinner floated through the house, an unexpected danger was quietly closing. Gabriel’s mother had been busy in the kitchen but had forgotten to turn off the gas. Unaware of the coming threat, she had wandered into the living room, settling down comfortably in front of the TV. The gas continued to escape, silently filling the air. The house was on the edge of a disaster.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150 左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly, a loud alarm rang through the house.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B A B D A B C A D C
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C B B C D C A E F G
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C A D B C A D B C A
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D C B A B D C A B D
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述74岁意大利旅行者Cammarota重走马可 波罗之路，见证丝路变迁，促进中西文化交流，传递追梦精神。
1．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“For Cammarota, this journey is more than retracing Marco Polo’s footsteps. She hopes her travel will help people in Italy and the West see the true beauty and greatness of China. ‘This is a land filled with numerous UNESCO heritage sites, cutting-edge technology, and a harmonious balance between urban development and natural preservation,’ she said.(对 Cammarota 来说，这次旅行不仅仅是重走马可 波罗的足迹。她希望她的旅行能帮助意大利和西方的人们看到中国真正的美丽和伟大。她说：‘这是一片拥有众多联合国教科文组织遗产地、尖端技术以及城市发展与自然保护之间和谐平衡的土地。’)”可知，她对中国的魅力和美丽印象深刻。故选B项。
2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Throughout her trip, Cammarota witnessed the transformation of the ancient Silk road into a corridor of economic and cultural exchange, ‘I have seen the bridges, highways, and railways built under China’s Belt and Road Initiative which connect countries in a way that echoes the Silk Road’s historical role in facilitating trade and cultural exchange.’(在她的整个旅程中，Cammarota见证了古代丝绸之路转变为经济和文化交流的走廊，‘我看到了在中国‘一带一路’倡议下修建的桥梁、公路和铁路，它们连接各国的方式echoes 丝绸之路在促进贸易和文化交流方面的历史作用。’)”可知，现在“一带一路”倡议下的建设和丝绸之路在促进贸易和文化交流方面的作用类似，所以echoes应是“反映，类似”之意。A 选项“Reflects (反映)”符合。故选A项。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Describing herself as an ambassador of cultural exchange and mordern-day Marco Polo, Cammarota noted that ‘I want people to know about Marco Polo and the Silk Road, but I also want to send a message to women of my age—it’s never too late to pursue your dream’(Cammarota 将自己描述为文化交流大使和现代马可 波罗，她指出：‘我想让人们了解马可 波罗和丝绸之路，但我也想向我这个年龄的女性传递一个信息 —— 追求梦想永远不嫌晚’)”以及倒数第二段“For Cammarota, this journey is more than retracing Marco Polo’s footsteps. She hopes her travel will help people in Italy and the West see the true beauty and greatness of China.(对 Cammarota 来说，这次旅行不仅仅是重走马可 波罗的足迹。她希望她的旅行能帮助意大利和西方的人们看到中国真正的美丽和伟大。)”可知，她旅行目的有重走马可 波罗足迹、给同龄人树立榜样以及促进中西交流，未提及为了获得公众认可。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“For Cammarota, this journey is more than retracing Marco Polo’s footsteps. She hopes her travel will help people in Italy and the West see the true beauty and greatness of China.(对Cammarota来说，这次旅行不仅仅是重走马可 波罗的足迹。她希望她的旅行能帮助意大利和西方的人们看到中国真正的美丽和伟大。)”以及最后一段“Describing herself as an ambassador of cultural exchange and mordern - day Marco Polo, Cammarota noted that ‘I want people to know about Marco Polo and the Silk Road, but I also want to send a message to women of my age—it’s never too late to pursue your dream’(Cammarota 将自己描述为文化交流大使和现代马可 波罗，她指出：‘我想让人们了解马可 波罗和丝绸之路，但我也想向我这个年龄的女性传递一个信息 —— 追求梦想永远不嫌晚’)”可知，她致力于促进文化交流，所以称自己为文化交流大使。故选D项。
5．A 6．B 7．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了重庆轨道交通中几个具有代表性的地铁站的独特设计。
5．细节理解题。根据Hong Yan Cun Station部分“As the world’s second deepest subway station, located 116 meters underground, equivalent to a 40 story skyscraper.(红岩村站，作为世界第二深的地铁站，位于地下116米，相当于一座40层的摩天大楼。)”可知，世界上第二深的地铁站是红岩村站。故选A。
6．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Chongqing has excellent transportation and is known as a 3D city. The Chongqing rail transit connects the streets and alleys of Chongqing. If you want to understand the fireworks atmosphere of Chongqing, follow us into several representative subway stations.(重庆交通发达，被誉为3D城市。重庆轨道交通连接着重庆的大街小巷。如果你想了解重庆的烟火氛围，就跟着我们走进几个具有代表性的地铁站吧。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是重庆几个具有代表性的地铁站的独特设计。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据Lie Shi Mu Station部分的“The graffiti area at the Martyrs’ Tomb Station is 5000 square meters, which is about 1.5 times that of Xiaolongkan Station, and the indoor graffiti area is currently the largest in the country.(烈士墓站的涂鸦面积为5000平方米，约为小龙坎站的1.5倍，室内涂鸦面积目前为全国最大。)”可知，烈士墓站的涂鸦面积很大，这使得它非常特别。故选C。
8．A 9．D 10．C 11．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了居里夫人的成就以及个人经历。
8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize and the first person of either sex to win two Nobel Prizes in two different sciences.(玛丽 居里是首位获得诺贝尔奖的女性，也是首位在两个不同科学领域获得两次诺贝尔奖的人)”可知，她是第一个两次获得诺贝尔奖的人。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Polish-born scientist left her country in 1891.(这位波兰出生的科学家于1891年离开了她的国家)”可知，玛丽·居里1891年离开了她的国家。故选D。
10．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“earned her master’s degrees in math and physics at the University of Paris(在巴黎大学获得了数学和物理硕士学位)”以及“Over the next forty years, she would earn a PhD in physics from the University of Paris.(在接下来的40年里，她获得了巴黎大学的物理学博士学位)”可知，居里夫人获得了数学和物理硕士学位以及巴黎大学的物理学博士学位，说明她十分聪明。故划线词意思是“聪明的”。故选C。
11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If you are going to be kind enough to give me one, please let it be practical and dark so that I can wear it later to go to the lab.(如果你要送我一件的话，请让它实用一些，颜色要暗一些，这样我以后去实验室的时候就可以穿了)”可知，玛丽·居里让她的朋友送她一件深色连衣裙是因为她可以在实验室里穿。故选C。
12．B 13．B 14．C 15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。说明了存在一个被称为“Great Attractor”的神秘力量，它正在将银河系拉离其正常轨道。尽管我们无法直接看到它，但天文学家们推测它是一个巨大的星系团，可能名为Laniakea，它对我们的银河系和其他星系产生了强大的引力影响。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“First, the Earth is turning very fast while it’s in space, going about 1,000 miles per hour, or 1,600 kilometers per hour. This turning makes our days and nights.(地球在太空中自转得非常快，速度约为每小时1000英里或1600公里。这种自转造就了我们的白天和黑夜)”可知，地球的自转导致了地球的昼夜。故选B。
13．词句猜测题。根据第四段“The Milky Way has so many stars and dust, which hides the information we want to see in that direction.(银河系有这么多的恒星和尘埃，这隐藏了我们想要在那个方向看到的信息)”以及“This place we can’t see is called the Zone of Avoidance by people who study space.(这个我们看不见的地方被研究太空的人称为回避区)”可知，“Zone of Avoidance”是被银河系的恒星和尘埃所隐藏的天空部分，这使得我们难以观察到该区域背后的天体或现象。即意思是“天空中隐藏的部分”故选B。
14．推理判断题。根据第三段“But a long time ago, in the 1970s, space experts saw that something was different about the galaxies close to us, called the Local Group. These galaxies were being pulled away from their normal path really fast, towards something we couldn’t see. They named this place the Great Attractor, but it’s hard to learn more about it because we can’t see it well.(但很久以前，在20世纪70年代，太空专家发现，我们附近的星系有些不同，它们被称为本星系群。这些星系正以极快的速度被拉离它们的正常轨道，奔向我们看不见的地方。他们把这个地方命名为“大吸引者”，但很难了解更多，因为我们看不清楚)”可知，Great Attractor是一个巨大的物体，它影响了附近星系的运动。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Want to know more about space secrets Send us an email at shortwave@ npr.org.(想了解更多关于太空秘密的信息，可以发送电子邮件至shortwave@npr.org)”可知，NPR是一个公共广播节目，因此这篇文章很可能发表在公共广播节目的网站上。故选D。
16．C 17．A 18．E 19．F 20．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了当孩子间发生冲突时，父母或教育者应如何帮助孩子从中学习重要的社会和情感技能，而不是简单地将其视为坏事。
16．根据前文“When kids don’t agree, argue, or respond to each other, it can lead to tough and emotional moments. (当孩子们不同意、争论或相互回应时，可能会导致艰难和情绪化的时刻。)”可知，此处强调当孩子们不同意、争论或相互回应时，可能会导致艰难和情绪化的时刻。同时根据后文“Instead, they can be a good way for kids to learn important social and emotional skills. ( 相反，它们可以成为孩子们学习重要社交和情感技能的好方法。)”可知，孩子之间的冲突或者争论也可能是学习重要社交和情感技能的好方法。设空处应该与后文构成转折关系，指出冲突有时候也是好事即不是坏事。C选项“But, we shouldn’t think of conflicts as bad things.(但是，我们不应该认为冲突是坏事。)”符合语境。故选C。
17．设空处为本段段旨即小标题。根据后文“Research shows that kids under three can solve conflicts by themselves, like walking away, giving up, or using actions like smiling or sharing toys, especially if they were playing together before the conflict. (研究表明，三岁以下的孩子可以自己解决冲突，比如走开，放弃，或者使用微笑或分享玩具等行为，特别是如果他们在冲突发生前就在一起玩。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是让孩子们试着自己解决问题。A选项“Let the kids try to work it out on their own.(让孩子们自己去解决吧。)”概括本段主要内容，符合语境。故选A。
18．根据前文“Ask questions to find out what’s happening and how each kid feels.(问问题，了解发生了什么，每个孩子的感受。)”以及“Make sure each kid gets a chance to share their side and feelings, and acknowledge those feelings. (确保每个孩子都有机会分享他们的观点和感受，并承认这些感受。)”可知，要询问孩子们发生的事情以及他们的感受，这样可以帮助孩子们表达自己并让他们明白解决冲突是他们的责任。接下来作者强调要确保每个孩子都有机会表达自己的立场和感受，并承认这些感受。E选项“Good questions can help kids come up with good solutions.( 好的问题可以帮助孩子想出好的解决方案。)” 进一步强调提问对于孩子解决冲突的重要性。故选E。
19．根据前文“ Helping kids with their feelings makes it easier for them to solve problems and talk to friends. (帮助孩子表达他们的感受会让他们更容易解决问题和与朋友交谈。)”以及后文“Kindness and care can help kids manage those negative feelings. (善良和关心可以帮助孩子们控制这些负面情绪。)”可知，助孩子表达他们的感受会让他们更容易解决问题和与朋友交谈，同时善良和关心可以帮助孩子们控制负面情绪。设空处对负面情绪进行解释。F选项“Strong emotions, like anger or worry can confuse their thinking.( 强烈的情绪，如愤怒或担忧，会扰乱他们的思维。)”中的anger or worry与后文的those negative feelings形成呼应，符合语境。故选F。
20．根据前文“Teach kids to express themselves clearly. Give kids different things they can say, like “Can I have a turn ” or “I’m playing with this now.” or “That bothers me!”( 教孩子清楚地表达自己。给孩子们一些他们可以说的不同的东西，比如“我可以试试吗 ”或者“我正在玩这个。”或“这让我很烦!”)”可知，前文提到要教孩子们清楚地表达自己，并给出了一些例子，如“我可以玩一下吗？”或“我现在正在玩这个。”或“那让我很困扰！”后文应该解释这样做的好处。G选项“This helps kids learn social skills and the right words to use.(这有助于孩子学习社交技巧和正确的词汇使用。)”承接前文，指出教孩子们清楚地表达自己给孩子们一些他们可以说的不同的东西好处在于能够有助于孩子学习社交技巧和正确的词汇使用。故选G。
21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．B 36．D 37．C 38．A 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位出身在社会底层，家庭贫困、遭受霸凌、数学成绩落后的女生如何通过自己的不懈努力终于在学业上有了成就，最后成功获得了美国航空航天局的offer，成为其中的专业设计师。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但如果你对自己诚实，你就会知道所有的努力最终都会得到回报。A. take off起飞，脱下；B. get up起床；C. pay off回报；D. look out当心，留神。根据上文“But if you’re honest with yourself you know that all the effort”及常识可知付出终有回报，故选C。
22．考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：在学校表现好意味着你有更好的机会得到你真正想要的职业。A. better更好的；B. worse更糟糕的；C. less更少的；D. higher更高的。根据上文“Doing well in school”可知，好好学习，就会有更好的机会，故选A。
23．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是你知道吗，学习更努力的人也更有可能成为一个更好的人 A. And并且；B. If如果；C. So所以；D. But但是，根据上文“Doing well in school will mean you have a 2 chance of getting the career you really want. Okay, so you knew that already.”以及本句的问句可知上下文表示转折关系，故选D。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. impossible不可能的；B. likely可能的；C. necessary必要的，必须的；D. important重要的。根据下文讲述的故事可知，学习努力更有可能成为一个更好的人。短语be likely to，意为“可能”，符合句意和语境，故选B。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的童年很悲惨。A. happy快乐的；B. impressive给人印象深刻的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. pleasant愉悦的。根据下午“She was once stabbed (刀刺) in the face by the young gang (帮派)member, and at times eating only ice because her family couldn’t afford 6 .”可知，她遭受霸凌，脸上挨刀刺，饥寒交迫，所以她的童年很糟糕，故选C。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她曾经被年轻的帮派成员刺伤脸部，有时她只吃冰，因为她的家庭买不起食物。A. food食物；B. drinks饮品；C. goods商品，货物；D. snacks小吃，零食。根据“and at times eating only ice”可知，她家经济条件困难，缺少食物，故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以得出结论，她住在一个贫穷的社区，那里暴力是家常便饭。A. friendship友谊；B. relationship关系；C. company公司；D. violence暴力。根据上文“She was once stabbed (刀刺) in the face by the young gang(帮派)member”和“she lived in a poor neighborhood”可知她所生活的街区充满暴力，故选D。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，她在学校成绩很差，数学和化学都不及格。A. passing通过；B. failing失败；C. succeeding成功；D. grading按照级别安排或分配。根据上文“On top of that she was very bad in school”可知她数学和化学都不及格，故选B。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并没有阻止她以班级前五名的成绩毕业，并获得了数学学位。A. physics物理；B. chemistry化学；C. math数学；D. biology生物。根据下文“To make the story 17 she started to teach math and later she got an offer to work for NASA on real rocket design. ”可知是获得了数学学位，故选C。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她被刺伤的事故之后，她搬到了一所新学校。A. accident事故；B. event体育赛事，事件；C. matter事情；D. incident小事件，插曲。根据下文“in which she got stabbed”可知是事故，故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. returned返回；B. left剩余，留下；C. went去；D. moved搬家。根据下文“to a new school”可知是搬到新学校，故选D。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是她负担不起搬到新社区的费用。A. old老的；B. safe安全的；C. new新的；D. nice好的。根据上文“to a new school”，可知是到新的社区生活，故选C。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在她离新学校有两个小时的路程，每天要经过两个截然不同的地方。A. similar相似的；B. different不同的；C. same相同的；D. far远的。根据下文“areas”和上文对比要经过两个不同的地方，故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个有趣的事实是，与新学校的孩子相比，她的英语“很好”。A. compared比较；B. addicted使上瘾；C. adjusted调整；D. led导致。根据下文“to kids in the new school.”可知是相比较，故选A。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她遇到了教她数学的导师，这样她就能取得高分。A. negative消极的；B. high高的；C. low低的；D. top最高的。根据上文“She meets mentor (辅导老师) that teaches her math”可知她的数学分数提高了，故选B。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这个过程，她意识到她其实是多么聪明，唯一阻止她的是恐惧。A. recognized认出：B. noticed注意；C. admitted承认；D. realized意识到。根据下文“how actually smart she is and the only thing that was stopping her was fear”可知是意识到这一点，故选D。
37．考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：简而言之，她开始教数学，后来她得到了美国国家航空航天局的一份工作，从事真正的火箭设计。A. longer更长的；B. deeper更深的；C. shorter更短的；D. nicer更好的。短语“To make the story shoter”意为“简单地说，简而言之”，符合句意，故选C。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：唯一阻止你的是对未知的恐惧。A. fear恐惧；B. surprise吃惊；C. amazement吃惊，诧异；D. disappointment失望。根据上文“Through this process, she 16 how actually smart she is and the only thing that was stopping her was fear.”可知，阻止人们进步的是对未知的恐惧，fear为词汇复现，故选A。
39．考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：没有你学不会或克服不了的困难。A. Something某事；B. Nothing没什么；C. Anything任何事情；D. Everything一切。根据上文“The only thing that stops you is the 18 of unknown.”可推测使没有什么克服不了的困难，故选B。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我建议你去看看她的书《数学恐惧症：如何克服数学恐惧，成为一名火箭科学家》，作者是奥林匹亚·勒波因。A. suggest建议；B. wish希望，愿望；C. hope希望；D. recommend推荐。根据下文“check her book called Mathaphobia: How You Can Overcome Your Math Fears and Become a Rocket Scientist by Olympia LePoint.”可知是推荐一本书，故选D。
41．to 42．southern 43．which 44．initially 45．a 46．be bought 47．began 48．involving 49．Representatives 50．them
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在中国和老挝于4月13日庆祝跨境客运铁路服务开通一周年之际，双方又增加了一对列车，用于中国老挝铁路的国际客运服务。
41．考查介词。句意：4月13日，中老两国迎来了开通跨境客运铁路一周年，中老铁路国际客运又增加了一对列车。介词固定搭配add...to... 意为“往……添加……”故填to。
42．考查形容词。句意：新增的列车在云南省最南端的西双版纳和老挝北部的琅勃拉邦之间运行，这两个城市都是热门的旅游目的地。根据空前的the most和空后tip可知，该空需要一个形容词使用最高级形式作定语，south派生的形容词southern意为“南部的”符合语境。故填southern。
43．考查定语从句。句意：新增的列车在云南省最南端的西双版纳和老挝北部的琅勃拉邦之间运行，这两个城市都是热门的旅游目的地。该空需要一个关系词，引导定语从句修饰前面的Xishuangbanna 和 the town of Luang Prabang，并指代先行词在从句中作介词of 的宾语，应填which。故填which。
44．考查副词。句意：据中国国家铁路集团公司称，新增列车最初将在每周一、周五、周六和周日运行。该空需要一个副词修饰动词operate，所给词initial为形容词意为“最初的”。故填initially 。
45．考查冠词。句意：整个旅程包括六个站点，大约需要五个小时，乘客可以在一天内往返一次。make的宾语trip为可数名词，此处泛指，且round发音是以辅音音素开头，应填不定冠词a。故填a。
46．考查被动语态。句意：门票可以在线上和线下购买。所给动词buy在句中作谓语，与主语Tickets为被动关系，应使用被动语态，与情态动词can连用，助动词be使用原形。故填be bought。
47．考查时态。句意：作为“一带一路”倡议下的高质量标志性项目，中老铁路于去年4月13日开通国际客运服务。该空所给动词begin在句中作谓语，根据时间状语on April 13 last year可知，应使用一般过去时态。故填began。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：在一年内，这条铁路已经处理了来自87个国家和地区的18万多人次的跨境旅客。所给动词involve(包含)在句中作后置定语修饰名词trips，与所修饰名词为主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填involving。
49．考查名词复数。句意：中老两国代表在仪式上迎接首批抵达琅勃拉邦的乘客。该空所给词为兼类词，名词意为“代表”指人，形容词意为“具有代表性的”，根据后面的定语from China and Laos 和谓语动词 greeted可知该空需要名词做主语，根据语境，中国和老挝两国的代表应该是多人，应使用复数形式，并注意句首字母大写。故填Representatives 。
50．考查代词。句意：他们还向乘客们洒水祝福，并与他们合影留念，传递中老铁路的美好祝愿，赞扬中老友谊。该空为介词with的宾语，应使用宾格形式。故填them。
51．1. love → loved 2. evening → evenings 3. which → what 4. shocking → shocked 5.在sudden前面加a 6.去掉was 7. disturb → disturbing 8. before → ago/later 9. imagine → imagination 10. of → in
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了我小时候喜欢阅读和创作童话故事，并且为童年时的所作所为感到自豪。
【详解】1.考查时态语态。句意：我记得我小时候喜欢阅读和创作童话故事。结合时间状语为in my childhood在我的童年时期，可知句子时态为一般过去时，动词love用过去式。故 love改为loved。
2.考查可数名词单复数。句意：我花了很多晚上独自在房间里写故事。分析句子可知，many修饰可数名词复数形式，名词evening需用复数形式。故 evening改为evenings。
3.考查宾语从句。句意：我住在里面，几乎可以看到我在写什么。分析句子可知，see之后为宾语从句，what引导宾语从句在句中作宾语，指物，表示所写的内容。故which改为what。
4.考查形容词。句意：有一次，当我妈妈突然走进我的房间时，我受到了惊吓。结合语境可知，是我受到了惊吓，常用V-ed形容词，用来修饰人，V-ing形容词用来修饰物。shocked意为“受到惊吓的”。故将shocking改为shocked。
5.考查不定冠词。句意：有一次，当我妈妈突然走进我的房间时，我受到了惊吓。all of a sudden为固定搭配，意为“突然”。故在sudden前面加a。
6.考查时态语态。句意：从那以后，她总是被轻轻地敲门，以免打扰我。分析句子可知，句子时态是一般过去时，she与knock之间为主动关系，谓语动词用knocked。故去掉was。
7.考查动名词。句意：从那以后，她总是被轻轻地敲门，以免打扰我。avoid doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”。故将disturb改为disturbing。
8.考查介词。句意：几年前/后，当我们搬到一个新家时，我把我的旧作品放在一个盒子里。结合语境可知，我们搬到一个新家应该是几年后或几年前，a few years ago/later表示“几年前/后”。故before改为ago/later。
9.考查名词。句意：我很珍惜这些故事，因为它们展示了我小时候的想象力。分析句子可知，形容词wonderful修饰名词，用imagine的名词形式。故 imagine改为imagination。
10.考查固定搭配。句意：事实上，我为我童年的所作所为感到自豪。take pride in为固定搭配，意为“为……感到自豪”。故 of改为in。
52．Suddenly, a loud alarm rang through the house. Gabriel’s gas detection robot had sensed the leak and sprung into action. The shrill sound jolted his mother from her TV reverie, her heart pounding as she realized the danger they were in. Quickly, she rushed to the kitchen, turned off the gas, and opened all the windows to let the fresh air disperse the dangerous fumes. As the alarm ceased, she stood there, breathing a sigh of relief, suddenly understanding the significance of Gabriel’s invention. It wasn’t just a toy or a useless machine; it was a lifesaver.
Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school. She couldn’t wait to tell him how his creation had prevented a potential tragedy. When Gabriel finally walked through the door, his mother greeted him with tears in her eyes and a smile on her face. “Gabriel, you were right,” she said, hugging him tightly. “This robot isn’t just a hobby; it’s something that can protect us, make our lives safer. I’m sorry I didn’t see it before.” Gabriel’s heart swelled with pride and joy. From that day on, his mother became his biggest supporter, encouraging him to pursue his passion for robotics and recognizing the value of his inventions in making the world a better, safer place.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Gabriel热爱机器人却遭母亲反对，他默默努力终获机器人比赛一等奖，但母亲仍不以为意。某晚，家中煤气泄漏，母亲却全然不知。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，一声响亮的警报响彻了整个房子。”可知，第一段可描写Gabriel的机器人检测到煤气泄漏并发出警报，母亲因此意识到危险并采取行动。
②由第二段首句内容“Gabriel的妈妈轻轻地把机器人抱在怀里，等着Gabriel从学校回来。”可知，第二段可描写母亲对Gabriel的机器人态度转变，向Gabriel道歉并表达支持。
2.续写线索：机器人发出警报——母亲意识到煤气泄漏——母亲关闭煤气并打开窗户——母亲等待Gabriel回家——母亲向Gabriel道歉并表达支持
3.词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：realize/become aware/come to realize
②拥抱：hug/embrace
③等待：wait for/await
情绪类
①如释重负：breathe a sigh of relief/feel relieved
②快乐：joy/happiness/delight
【点睛】[高分句型1] The shrill sound jolted his mother from her TV reverie, her heart pounding as she realized the danger they were in.(运用了独立主格结构和从属连词as引导时间状语从句和省略关系代词的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语)
[高分句型3] When Gabriel finally walked through the door, his mother greeted him with tears in her eyes and a smile on her face.(运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句)
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答案第1页，共2页
