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【素养测评】高一下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷--天津卷（二）
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【素养测评】高一下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷--天津卷（二)
（附答案+答题卡）
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1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
单项填空(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．Some equipment as well as a number of maps and books ________ to the area from all over the globe since the earthquake occurred in Turkey.
A．has been offered B．had been offered C．have been offered D．has offered
2．— What was Mary doing when you saw her yesterday
— She ________ on her overcoat and ________ to visit a friend.
A．has just put; had left B．had just put; was leaving
C．was just putting; has left D．just put; left
3．I want to visit this cultural landscape, ________ the title of UNESO World Heritage Site was given in 2016.
A．for which B．on which
C．to which D．from which
4．________ the perfect photo, I always bring my camera with me, just in case the perfect moment turns up.
A．Taking B．Taken
C．To take D．Take
5．The ________ of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.
A．destination B．combination
C．generation D．solution
6．The Great Wall of China ________ stretches over 13,000 miles is considered one of the most impressive ancient defense systems in the world.
A．that B．what C．where D．why
7．________ by the millions, the ending to the race has divided opinions.
A．Having watched B．Watching C．Watched D．To watch
8．—Hey! A message on my cellphone shows that I have won a big prize!
— Delete it! Many people ________ by such tricks so far.
A．was cheated B．were cheated
C．have been cheated D．had been cheated
9．The ________ of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.
A．combination B．recipe C．construction D．snack
10．These are two pieces of information — the time of the day and the point ________ the sun is in the sky — allow the butterfly to determine the way to go.
A．that B．which C．when D．where
11．— Do you remember Thomson from Class one
— Well, ________, but I can’t quite think who he is.
A．It’s up to you B．I’d like to
C．that’s not the point D．that name rings a bell
12．Johnson gets the chance and has become the first ______ abroad in our town.
A．going B．to go C．go D．has gone
13．After a 20 minutes’ rest, the students returned to the classroom with renewed ______, ready for the next challenge.
A．effect B．energy C．balance D．request
14．Lily got the first prize in the speech contest. She ________ many times last week.
A．couldn’t have practised B．could practise
C．must have practised D．might practise
15．Beckham ________ football regularly for many years when he was young.
A．was playing B．played C．has played D．had played
第二节 完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I started learning English at the age of 22 in 1995, which is late to start studying a language. Of course, 16 shouldn’t matter if you really want to 17 something. However, it is a fact that kids learn 18 much faster than adults.
I joined a 19 to study English. I needed to complete the six-month-long English study and get a 550 TOEFL score to study in the USA．It was a 20 task for me as a beginner.
I had classes every day from 8:30 to 16:30 with a lunch 21 only. After the classes, I would directly go back home and start doing homework.
At the end of the program, I took the TOEFL and I 22 it. I was the only person to get a 550 score from the 23 class. After a few weeks, I was 24 to go to the USA．
There was no one to pick me up at the airport. So I was 25 with my 550 TOEFL score to find my way around. It was not that easy and the 26 did not help me at all.
I remembered asking people very simply and probably 27 how to get to my hotel, and in return I would 28 nothing. But I understood one 29 from one person’s answer —“CORNER” and I was able to go to a corner where there were some free phones to call specific hotels.
So I 30 one of the phones and called my hotel. I was trying to explain my 31 with my broken English. Finally, I 32 to understand that there were direct hotel buses from the airport.
It was at that moment that I felt successful in learning English because I was able to 33 . It took me about 3 months to comfortably 34 myself and understand people’s responses on daily conversations.
I have been a learner of the English language ever since and my learning never 35 .
16．A．age B．result C．time D．cost
17．A．find B．change C．learn D．share
18．A．rules B．truths C．languages D．numbers
19．A．party B．game C．college D．program
20．A．valuable B．challenging C．necessary D．different
21．A．meeting B．break C．date D．ticket
22．A．made B．knew C．remembered D．believed
23．A．beginners' B．teachers’ C．leaders’ D．partners’
24．A．afraid B．free C．safe D．ready
25．A．sleepy B．alone C．popular D．silent
26．A．idea B．decision C．score D．exam
27．A．quickly B．wrongly C．secretly D．naturally
28．A．discover B．record C．expect D．understand
29．A．word B．joke C．name D．voice
30．A．checked on B．thought of C．missed out D．picked up
31．A．relationship B．mistake C．situation D．choice
32．A．continued B．managed C．forgot D．prepared
33．A．explore B．celebrate C．compete D．communicate
34．A．explain B．accept C．remind D．protect
35．A．matters B．appears C．ends D．fails
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
When Marguerite Richards post a TikTok (抖音) video about her father's decade-old thriller novel, she was hoping to inspire a little interest. A few dozen new readers, maybe. As the first few positive comments started rolling in, she was pleased to have done something nice for a dad who definitely deserved it.
She had no idea that, within days, millions of people would see her video, and her father's book would rise to the top of Amazon's Best Seller list.
Lloyd Richards first published Stone Maidens in 2012. It's a thriller about an FBI agent following a killer in Indiana and, by his daughter's account, it's quite attractive. However, his original release (出版,发行) failed to drum up excitement.
It's a different world now, with social media making somebody and something rise to fame overnight. Richards, the daughter, decided to try her luck. “I saw how much time and effort and passion my dad put into his book. I know what a lovely storyteller he is,” she told CNN.“ He never stopped writing, and he always stayed positive.”
Whether it was the interesting thriller, or the efforts of a proud daughter, the story of Lloyd Richards and Stone Maidens struck a chord.
Marguerite Richards posted the first TikTok about Stone Maidens about two weeks ago. It has since received 48 million views and numerous positive responses. After that, Richards posted more videos of her father, delighting in his unexpected success.
“My dad wasn't really sure what TikTok is, but he has been so pleased and grateful,” Richards says. The experience has breathed new life into a labor of love. Now, Lloyd Richards has more than 360,000 TikTok followers and a brand new story to tell. He has plans for the future, too.
36．What did Marguerite Richards do
A．She helped her father to publish his novel.
B．She introduced her daily life on social media.
C．She wrote an interesting novel about her father.
D．She made a video to promote her father's novel.
37．What do we learn about Stone Maidens
A．It was an instant success.
B．It wasn't interesting indeed.
C．It didn't attract much attention at first.
D．It was written more than fifteen years ago.
38．What is the underlined phrase “struck a chord” in Paragraph 5 closest in meaning to
A．Satisfied people's needs.
B．Inspired people's interest.
C．Made people feel confused.
D．Made people feel disappointed.
39．Which of the following statement is true according to the passage
A．Marguerite had expected the popularity of his father's book.
B．People showed no interest in Marguerite's video on TikTok.
C．Lloyd Richards had written many successful books before.
D．Marguerite considered his father's efforts worth the attention.
40．How did Lloyd Richards feel about what his daughter had done for him
A．Delighted and thankful. B．Surprised and regretful.
C．Puzzled but happy. D．Unexpected and shocked.
B
For lots of animals — humans included — lazing about in the sunshine is one of life’s greatest pleasures. But unfortunately, this pleasure comes with a cost: sunburn. And, while those of us with fairer skin are more likely to be sunburned, animals are at risk of sunburn, too. But if this can happen to animals too, why, then, don’t we ever see sunburned whales
“If you think of it, the sun has been here forever in terms of our planet, and all individuals have been living in the sun,” said Karina Acevedo-Whitehouse, a molecular epidemiologist from the Autonomous University of Queretaro, in Mexico. “So, it’s a pretty strong pressure that the sun has put on animals and that has led to many mechanisms (机制) of reacting to it.”
Some of these mechanisms are obvious: hair, fur, wool, feathers and scales (鳞) on many creatures create a protective layer between sunshine and skin.
But, “marine mammals (海洋哺乳动物), and specifically cetaceans (whales, dolphins and porpoises), are an exception because they don’t have fur; they don’t have scales,” said Acevedo-Whitehouse, who has been studying sunburn in whales for over five years.
In skin examples taken from the backs of blue, sperm and fin whales on their cross-ocean movements, Acevedo-Whitehouse and her colleagues discovered signs of sunburn from the whales’ hours spent breathing and socializing at the surface. But importantly, they also discovered that whales have specialized mechanisms that help them reduce this burn, even making them disappear. “The common adaptation of whales is that they appear to work well at repairing damage,” she said.
Some whales generate colors that darken and protect their skin. There are even whales that have developed a hard, keratinized layer that protects the skin below. “We were excited to see there isn’t really evidence of skin cancer in whales,” Acevedo-Whitehouse said. Now, they’re trying to understand exactly how those self-curing mechanisms work.
41．Which of the following problems is the text trying to solve
A．How do mammals protect skin
B．How do whales prevent sunburn
C．Do animals ever get sunburned
D．Do whales ever get sunburned
42．What does the “exception” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Whales don’t have fur to protect themselves.
B．Whales build a wall between sunshine and skin.
C．Whales can protect their skin even without fur.
D．Whales’ reacting mechanism is obviously found.
43．In what situation do some whales probably get sunburned
A．Surfacing for a long time. B．Sunbathing.
C．Socializing below water. D．Breathing.
44．Some whales adapt well to sun damage, depending on .
A．protective fur
B．the ability to self-cure
C．self-made sun cream
D．impossibility of cancer
45．Which one is Acevedo-Whitehouse and her colleagues’ next work
A．To discover how whales generate dark colors.
B．To discover how whales suffer from skin cancer.
C．To discover how whales cure the sunburn by themselves.
D．To discover how whales protect themselves from danger.
C
A growing number of colleges and universities are offering competitive esports (electronic sports) teams. Now some doctors are calling for gamers to be treated like other college athletes, because just like with other sports, they also suffer injuries.
Ryan Harran and Daniel Singh are both university esports team players. “Some days I don’t play at all because of school and work, but when I do play, it could be anywhere from three hours to six hours,“ Harran said. “It is pretty mentally exhausting. There’s certainly eye strain (视疲劳) from just looking so hard,” Singh said.
New research looked at 65 college esports players and found they averaged about 5 to 10 hours of gaming training daily, with many reporting overuse injuries including hand and arm pain and neck and back pain. “Poor posture (姿势) can produce fast-growing pressure on your neck, back and shoulders, ”said study author Dr. Hallie Zwibel. “Eye tiredness is the most commonly reported problem...” Zwibel says players also report sleeplessness due to the blue light from the screens. In fact, esports can be such heavy work that players often retire by the time they’re in their mid-20s.
So far, 80 colleges and universities in the U.S. have esports teams. Researchers say schools need to provide prevention and treatment plans for esports injuries just as they do with traditional athletes. “Nutrition, exercise, and stretches, especially stretches of the eyes to avoid eye tiredness during game play,” Zwibel said. And it’s not just college and university esports athletes who should be careful, and even if you don’t play at that level, Zwibel said, you can still suffer esports injuries like overuse injuries and eye tiredness from video games.
Singh says he keeps all that in mind to be his best on the game day. “I often roll my shoulders back and keep a straight back,” he said, adding that he also tries to do some exercise when he’s offline.
46．What worries some doctors according to the passage
A．All college athletes’ health condition.
B．Young people’s lack of physical exercise.
C．College and university esports injuries.
D．Mental stress caused by heavy schoolwork.
47．What’s the most universal problem that college esports players have
A．Neck and back pain. B．Hand and arm pain.
C．Sleeplessness. D．Eye tiredness.
48．Why do esports players often retire early
A．They lose interest quickly.
B．They become busy with work.
C．They can’t make a living this way.
D．They won’t have enough energy and strength.
49．What can we know from the last two paragraphs
A．Video games will lead to overuse injuries and eye tiredness.
B．Singh always pays much attention to his posture and health.
C．Stretches of the eyes are treatment for eye tiredness.
D．80 colleges provide treatment for esports injuries.
50．Which is the best title for this passage
A．Esports: No pain, No gain!
B．Doctors Raise the Alarm about Esports Injuries
C．Esports are Becoming More and More Popular
D．How are Esports Different from Other Sports
D
After realizing students at his elementary school were going hungry at home, PE teacher Jason Watson got a wave of inspiration.
Jason and his wife, school librarian Anne, bought a used ice cream truck, and for the past two summers, the couple, both 39, have delivered hot home-cooked lunches and icy treats to kids in need in their 1,300-person town of Frazeysburg, Ohio.
It all started back in 2016 when the pair started AIM Outreach, an after-school program for kids that included free lunches. In 2020, their in-person outreach had to be stopped, so the couple bought the truck and have been hard at work since.
The family cooks all the meals themselves, posting online the dates and times they will be delivering. They serve about 70 meals a week in the summertime; to date, they estimate they’ve served about 2,200 lunches from the truck. “We share the love of cooking,” Jason says. “Instead of giving out fast food, we try to actually cook a really good meal, to treat them a little bit.”
The couple launched a GoFundMe in June, 2022 when the truck needed both a new transmission and a new engine. They raised more than $10,000. “We’ve been blown away by the outpouring of donations,” says Anne. “And we’ve decided to do more. Our dream is to possibly open a free café where we invite people to sit, have a hot dinner and then share life together, which is kind of our vision going ahead.”
“We believe at GoFundMe that help is kindness in action,” says Kelsea Little, head of brand storytelling at GoFundMe. “They are spreading joy out every day.” Little hopes the Watson family will inspire other people to spread kindness in their communities. “They might not have an ice cream truck to go feed everyone with, but there are maybe some small things they could do for their neighbors or to make the world a better place or ever just to do something kind for someone else,” she says.
51．The Watsons bought an ice cream truck to .
A．share food with children in need
B．support their life in hard times
C．promote their after-school program
D．kill time with their ice-cream business
52．What do we know about the Watsons’ act
A．They prepared fast food in advance.
B．They posted detailed menus online every day.
C．They shared their love of cooking online.
D．They turned their love of cooking into kindness.
53．What pushed the Watsons to turn to GoFundMe in 2022
A．The plan to open a new restaurant.
B．The need to update the ice cream truck.
C．The aim to start a charity organization.
D．The idea to expand their menu and meal options.
54．How did the Watsons react to the donations on GoFundMe
A．They gave extra donations back.
B．They were curious about the donors.
C．They were inspired to do more kind acts.
D．They funded kids’ education with them.
55．What may Kelsea Little agree with
A．Everyone can spread kindness in their own ways.
B．Ice cream trucks have various functions.
C．Good neighborhood relationship inspires kind actions.
D．GoFundMe activities push small kindness even further.
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共35分)
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
I’m not sure whether anyone ever expects to go to their local animal shelter in order to see a large rabbit. I certainly don’t. Last spring, I went there for one of my regular volunteer jobs. On arriving, I was greeted by Chuck, the director of the shelter, with a heart y recommendation, “You’ve got to see what’s in the ‘Welcome Room’ today!”
I was used to seeing an unexpected lizard or parrot, but I was not prepared for a big rabbit that filled the cage. It sat quietly eating something while I watched it in surprise. I said, “It’s too huge!” Then Chuck said, “Look!” He pushed a stick through the cage and raised the rabbit’s middle part a little. Much to my surprise, a small gray kitten was lying there.
“What is this ” I asked, shocked to see another living animal of a completely different species hidden peacefully under a rabbit.
“It’s strange, huh ” Chuck laughed, “A man in Town Acres called yesterday afternoon, saying there was a huge rabbit in his backyard that had been sitting there for a full day, and it hadn’t moved an inch. He thought it was injured, so he and his family went out to look at it. It’s a French Lop rabbit, and she’s surely somebody’s pet. There is no doubt about it. But she still didn’t move when they got close, and when they went to pick her up, that little kitten was right underneath her—just like he is now. And when they tried to separate them, that kitten cried! It was like being separated from his mother.”
“Animals are interesting, huh ” I said.
“I wonder how those two got connected.”
“Well, it has been shrouded in mystery,” Chuck said. “Up to now, we have not found any scientific proof,” It certainly was strange, and for the next three days, everyone at the shelter called this unusual pair The Gray Duo. I guessed they got together because both of them needed a companion (同伴) to give them love and care.
56．Why did the author go to the animal shelter (no more than 10 words)
57．What made the author feel so surprised (no more than 10 words)
58．Why did the man in Town Acres call the animal shelter (no more than 15words)
59．How can we understand the underlined part in the last paragraph (no more than 10 words)
60．What can you learn from the story (no more than 20 words)
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61．假定你是李津，你校学生会正在举办题为Great changes around me的英文征文活动。请你根据表格内容写一篇英语短文参赛。
过去 现在
住房 房屋老旧 高楼林立
交通 交通不便 交通便利
饮食 简单 丰富
你的感受 ……
注意：1.词数不少于100；
2.要点齐全，但不要逐字翻译，可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Great changes around me
Great changes have taken place around me in the past few years.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A B C C B A C C A D
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D B B C B A C C D B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 B A A D B C B D A D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 C B D A C D C B D A
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 D C A B C C D D B B
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
答案 A D B C A F A B B
1．A
【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自从土耳其发生地震以来，世界各地向该地区提供了一些设备以及大量地图和书籍。根据“since the earthquake occurred in Turkey”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语Some equipment as well as a number of maps and books和offer为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语由as well as连接，位于动词遵循就远原则，与some equipment保持一致，助动词使用has。故选A。
2．B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你昨天见到Mary时她在做什么？——她刚穿上大衣，正准备去拜访一个朋友。问题询问的是“昨天”发生的事情，因此需要使用过去时态，结合“just”可知，“穿上”大衣的行为发生在“见到”Mary之前，应用过去完成时，“离开”是将发生的行为，且leave是位移动词，应用过去进行时表过去将来。故选B。
3．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想参观这个文化景观，它在2016年被联合国教科文组织评为世界遗产。设空处使用“介词+关系代词”的结构引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词landscape，指物，应用关系代词which，且sth. be given to为固定搭配，表示“某物被给予……”，所以介词应用to。故选C项。
4．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了拍出完美的照片，我总是随身带着相机，以防完美的时刻出现。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示“为了拍出完美的照片”，为目的状语，所以使用动词不定式形式。故选C项。
5．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合味道让宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A. destination目的地；B. combination混合，结合；C. generation代；D. solution解决方法。根据“spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours”可知，此处指的是几种味道的“混合”符合语境。故选B项。
6．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：绵延13000多英里的中国长城被认为是世界上最令人印象深刻的古代防御系统之一。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词The Great Wall of China指的是事物，所以此处使用关系代词that或which。故选A项。
7．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这场比赛吸引了数百万人观看，比赛的结局引发了不同的看法。设空处为非谓语，句子的主语是“the ending to the race（比赛的结局）”和动词“watch（观看）”之间是逻辑上的被动关系，即“比赛的结局被（数百万的人）观看”。在非谓语动词中，过去分词表示被动关系。故选C。
8．C
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：——嘿！手机短信显示我中了大奖！ ——删除它！至今已有不少人被这样的伎俩所欺骗。由so far可知，应用现在完成时，主语people和动词cheat是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C。
9．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合味道让宫保鸡丁令人难以抗拒。A. combination结合；B. recipe食谱；C. construction建造；D. snack小吃。根据后文“of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours”指辣、咸、甜、酸的混合味道。故选A。
10．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意；这两条信息——一天中的时间和太阳在天空中的位置——让蝴蝶能够确定要走的路。______the sun is in the sky为定语从句，修饰先行词point，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故选D。
11．D
【详解】考查情景交际用语。句意：——你还记得一班的汤姆森吗？——嗯，这个名字听起来很耳熟，但我想不起来他是谁。A. It’s up to you由你决定；B. I’d like to我愿意；C.that’s not the point这不是重点；D. that name rings a bell这个名字很耳熟。根据句意，此处表示“这个名字听起来很耳熟”。故选D。
12．B
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：约翰逊得到了这个机会，成为我们镇上第一个出国的人。分析句子可知，这里考查the first +（名词）+ to do sth. ，意为“第一个做某事的……”，是固定结构，所以这里应用不定式作后置定语。故选B项。
13．B
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：休息20分钟后，学生们带着新的活力回到教室，准备迎接下一个挑战。A. effect效果；B. energy精力，活力；C. balance平衡；D. request请求。由句意和After a 20 minutes’ rest可知，这里指学生们休息后又充满了活力。故选B项。
14．C
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：莉莉在演讲比赛中得了第一名。上周她一定练习了很多次。根据后文last week指对过去的肯定猜测应用must have done。故选C。
15．B
【详解】考查时态。句意：贝克汉姆小时候多年经常踢足球。根据后文 when he was young可知动作发生在过去用一般过去时。故选B。
16．A 17．C 18．C 19．D 20．B 21．B 22．A 23．A 24．D 25．B 26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者22岁开始学英语，经过努力通过了托福考试并去美国求学，以及作者在学习英语过程中所遇到的挑战以及解决实际问题的经历。
16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，如果你真的想学点东西，年龄不应该是问题。A. age年龄；B. result结果；C. time时间；D. cost成本。根据上文“I started learning English at the age of 22 in 1995, which is late to start studying a language”以及下文“However, it is a fact that kids learn ___3___ much faster than adults”可知，22岁开始学习语言有点晚了，但如果真的想学点东西，年龄不应该是问题。故选A。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. find找到；B. change改变；C. learn学习；D. share分享。根据上文“I started learning English at the age of 22 in 1995”可知，此处指想要学些东西。故选C。
18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，事实是孩子学习语言的速度比成年人快得多。A. rules规则；B. truths真理；C. languages语言；D. numbers数字。根据上文“start studying a language”可知，此处是信息language的词汇复现，指孩子学习语言的速度比成年人快得多。故选C。
19．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我参加了一个英语学习项目。A. party聚会；B. game游戏；C. college大学；D. program项目。根据下文“At the end of the program, I took the TOEFL”可知，作者参加了一个英语学习项目。故选D。
20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个初学者，这对我来说是一项具有挑战性的任务。A. valuable有价值的；B. challenging具有挑战性的；C. necessary必要的；D. different不同的。根据上文“I needed to complete the six-month-long English study and get a 550 TOEFL score to study in the USA”以及空后“as a beginner可知，作者需要完成六个月的英语学习后，托福考550分去美国学习，所以这对初学者来说是一项具有挑战性的任务。故选B。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天从8:30到16:30上课，只有午饭休息时间。A. meeting会议；B. break休息；C. date日期；D. ticket票。根据“I had classes every day from 8:30 to 16:30”及“only”可知，上课时间很长，所以只有午饭休息时间。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在项目结束时，我参加了托福考试，并且成功了。A. made制作；B. knew知道；C. remembered记得；D. believed相信。根据后文“I was the only person to get a 550 score”可知，作者托福考试考了550分，即成功了。make it“获得成功”符合语境。故选A。
23．考查名词所有格词义辨析。句意：我是初学者班中唯一一个得到550分的人。A. beginners’初学者的；B. teachers’老师的；C. leaders’领导的；D. partners’伙伴的。根据上文“It was a ____5____ task for me as a beginner.”可知，作者是初学者，此处指作者是初学者班中唯一一个得到550分的人。故选A。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我准备去美国了。A. afraid害怕的；B. free自由的；C. safe安全的；D. ready准备好的。根据上文“I needed to complete the six-month-long English study and get a 550 TOEFL score to study in the USA.”以及“I was the only person to get a 550 score”可知，作者托福考了550分，几周后，准备好去美国了。故选D。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我只有550分的托福成绩，只能一个人找路。A. sleepy困倦的；B. alone单独的；C. popular受欢迎的；D. silent沉默的。根据上文“There was no one to pick me up at the airport.”可知，没有人去机场接作者，所以作者只能一个人找路。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不容易，而且分数根本没有帮助我。A. idea想法；B. decision决定；C. score分数；D. exam考试。根据上文“There was no one to pick me up at the airport. So I was ___10___ with my 550 TOEFL score to find my way around.”可知，作者独自一人，只能凭借自己所学的英语问路，但是自己学的英语没能帮上忙，此处指托福考试成绩550的分数没能帮上作者的忙。故选C。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我记得我问别人怎么去我的酒店，问得很简单，可能也问错了，结果我什么也听不懂。A. quickly快速地；B. wrongly错误地；C. secretly秘密地；D. naturally自然地。根据下文“But I understood one ____14____ from one person’s answer — “CORNER” and I was able to go to a corner where there were some free phones to call specific hotels.”可知，除了从一个人的回答中听懂corner一词外，作者什么也没听懂，由此推测，作者问路时可能是表达不对，问错了。故选B。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. discover发现；B. record记录；C. expect期待；D. understand理解。根据空后“nothing”及后文“But I understood one ____14____ from one person’s answer — “CORNER” and I was able to go to a corner where there were some free phones to call specific hotels.”可知，作者什么也没听懂，除了从一个人的回答中听明白corner一词。故选D。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我从一个人的回答中理解了一个词——“角落”，然后我就能去一个角落，那里有一些免费电话可以打给特定的酒店。A. word单词；B. joke玩笑；C. name名字；D. voice声音。根据后文““CORNER””可知，作者听明白了一个单词——corner。故选A。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我拿起其中一部电话，给酒店打了电话。A. checked on检查；B. thought of想起；C. missed out错过；D. picked up拿起。根据上文“I was able to go to a corner where there were some free phones to call specific hotels”以及下文“and called my hotel”可知，此处指作者拿起其中一部电话打给酒店。故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我用我蹩脚的英语试图解释我的情况。A. relationship关系；B. mistake错误；C. situation情况；D. choice选择。根据上文“I remembered asking people very simply and probably ___12___ how to get to my hotel, and in return I would ___13___ nothing.”以及下文“ understand that there were direct hotel buses from the airport”可知，作者解释自己不知道去往酒店怎么走这一情况。故选C。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我终于明白有机场直达酒店的巴士。A. continued继续；B. managed设法（做成），管理；C. forgot忘记；D. prepared准备。根据空后“to understand that there were direct hotel buses from the airport”以及下文“It was at that moment that I felt successful in learning English”可知，作者终于明白有机场直达酒店的巴士，manage to do“设法做成”符合语境。故选B。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是在那一刻，我感到英语学习成功了，因为我能够交流。A. explore探索；B. celebrate庆祝；C. compete竞争；D. communicate交流。根据上文“called my hotel”以及“understand that there were direct hotel buses from the airport”可知，作者给酒店打电话，最后明白有机场直达酒店的巴士，可知此处指作者能够用英语交流，感到英语学习成功了。故选D。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了大约3个月的时间才能自如地表达自己，并理解人们在日常对话中的反应。A. explain解释，阐明；B. accept接受；C. remind提醒；D. protect保护。根据空后“and understand people’s responses on daily conversations”可知，此处指作者能够用英语自如的表达，explain oneself“把自己的意思解释清楚”符合语境。故选A。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我一直是英语学习者，我的学习从未停止。A. matters重要；B. appears出现；C. ends结束；D. fails失败。根据上文“I have been a learner of the English language ever since”可知，作者从那以后一直是英语学习者，所以此处指学习从未停止。故选C。
36．D 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了玛格丽特·理查兹通过TikTok视频推广她父亲的惊悚小说《Stone Maidens》，使得这本原本未能引起关注的小说一夜成名，成为亚马逊畅销书榜首的故事。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When Marguerite Richards post a TikTok(抖音) video about her father's decade-old thriller novel, she was hoping to inspire a little interest.(当玛格丽特·理查兹发布关于她父亲的十年惊悚小说的TikTok视频时，她希望能激发一点兴趣)”可知，玛格丽特·理查兹制作了一个视频来推广她父亲的小说。故选D项。
37．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Lloyd Richards first published Stone Maidens in 2012. It's a thriller about an FBI agent following a killer in Indiana and, by his daughter's account, it's quite attractive. However, his original release(出版,发行) failed to drum up excitement(劳埃德·理查兹于2012年首次出版了《Stone Maidens》。这是一部关于一名FBI特工追踪印第安纳州杀手的惊悚小说，据他女儿的说法，它相当吸引人。然而，他的初次出版未能激起兴奋)”可知，《Stone Maidens》最初并未引起太多关注。故选C项。
38．词义猜测题。根据文章第五段“Whether it was the interesting thriller, or the efforts of a proud daughter, the story of Lloyd Richards and Stone Maidens struck a chord(无论是这部有趣的惊悚小说，还是一个骄傲女儿的努力，劳埃德·理查兹和《Stone Maidens》的故事都引起了共鸣)”可知，“struck a chord”在这里意味着“激发了人们的兴趣”。故选B项。
39．细节理解题。根据文章第四段““I saw how much time and effort and passion my dad put into his book. I know what a lovely storyteller he is,” she told CNN. “He never stopped writing, and he always stayed positive.”(她告诉CNN：“我看到了我父亲在他的书中投入了多少时间、努力和热情。我知道他是一个多么可爱的讲故事的人。他从未停止写作，他总是保持积极)”可知，玛格丽特认为她父亲的努力值得关注。故选D项。
40．推理判断题。根据文章第七段““My dad wasn't really sure what TikTok is, but he has been so pleased and grateful,” Richards says. The experience has breathed new life into a labor of love.(理查兹说：“我父亲不太确定TikTok是什么，但他对此感到非常高兴和感激。这次经历为他的心血之作注入了新的生命)”可知，劳埃德·理查兹对他女儿为他所做的一切感到高兴和感激。故选A项。
41．D 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了专家们对鲸鱼是否会被晒伤进行了研究，分析它们的活动机理得出了原因。
41．推理判断题。根据第一段“But if this can happen to animals too, why, then, don’t we ever see sunburned whales (但如果这种情况也发生在动物身上，那么为什么我们从来没有见过被晒伤的鲸鱼呢？)”和最后一段“Now, they’re trying to understand exactly how those self-curing mechanisms work.(现在，他们正试图确切地了解这些自愈机制是如何工作的。)”可推断，鲸鱼是否会被晒伤是这篇文章试图解决的问题。故选D项。
42．词句猜测题。根据第四段“marine mammals (海洋哺乳动物), and specifically cetaceans (whales, dolphins and porpoises), are an exception because they don’t have fur; they don’t have scales,(海洋哺乳动物，特别是鲸目动物（鲸鱼、海豚和鼠海豚）是一个例外，因为它们没有皮毛；它们没有鳞片，)”可知，其它鱼类是用皮毛或者鳞片的保护自己皮肤的，这里的“例外”指的是鲸鱼即使没有皮毛也能保护它们的皮肤。故选C项。
43．推理判断题。根据第五段“In skin examples taken from the backs of blue, sperm and fin whales on their cross-ocean movements, Acevedo-Whitehouse and her colleagues discovered signs of sunburn from the whales’ hours spent breathing and socializing at the surface. (Acevedo Whitehouse和她的同事在蓝鲸、抹香鲸和长须鲸跨洋运动时拍摄的背部皮肤样本中发现了鲸鱼在水面上呼吸和社交的时间被晒伤的迹象。)”可推断，鲸鱼在浮出水面很长时间情况下可能会晒伤。故选A项。
44．细节理解题。根据第五段“But importantly, they also discovered that whales have specialized mechanisms that help them reduce this burn, even making them disappear. ‘The common adaptation of whales is that they appear to work well at repairing damage,’ she said.(但重要的是，他们还发现鲸鱼有专门的机制来帮助它们减少这种燃烧，甚至让它们消失。她说，‘鲸鱼的常见适应能力是它们似乎在修复损伤方面表现良好。’)”可知，有些鲸鱼能很好地适应阳光的伤害，这取决于它们自我治愈的能力。故选B项。
45．细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Now, they’re trying to understand exactly how those self-curing mechanisms work.(现在，他们正试图确切地了解这些自愈机制是如何工作的。)”可知，Acevedo Whitehouse和她的同事们的下一项工作是发现鲸鱼如何自己治愈晒伤。故选C项。
46．C 47．D 48．D 49．B 50．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。随着越来越多大学组建电子竞技团队，一些医生就电子竞技游戏也会给身体带来损害提出警告，研究者就如何预防和治疗提出建议。
46．细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Now some doctors are calling for gamers to be treated like other college athletes, because just like with other sports, they also suffer injuries.(现在一些医生呼吁玩家应该像其他大学运动员一样对待，因为就像其他运动一样，他们也会受伤。)”可知，一些医生担心电子竞技游戏也会带来伤害。故选C项。
47．细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“Eye tiredness is the most commonly reported problem...(眼睛疲劳是最常见的问题...)”以及上文可知，眼睛疲劳是大学电子竞技运动员最普遍的问题。故选D项。
48．推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“New research looked at 65 college esports players and found they averaged about 5 to 10 hours of gaming training daily, with many reporting overuse injuries including hand and arm pain and neck and back pain. (一项新的研究调查了65名大学电子竞技运动员，发现他们平均每天要进行5到10个小时的游戏训练，许多人报告说，他们因为过度使用电子竞技而受伤，包括手部和手臂疼痛、颈部和背部疼痛。)”及“‘Eye tiredness is the most commonly reported problem...’ Zwibel says players also report sleeplessness due to the blue light from the screens. In fact, esports can be such heavy work that players often retire by the time they’re in their mid-20s.(‘眼睛疲劳是最常见的问题……’ Zwibel说，玩家也报告说由于屏幕发出的蓝光而失眠。事实上，电竞是一项非常繁重的工作，以至于玩家通常在25岁左右就退休了。)”可知，电竞运动员很早退休是因为他们没有足够的精力和力量了。故选D项。
49． 细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“Singh says he keeps all that in mind to be his best on the game day. ‘I often roll my shoulders back and keep a straight back,’ he said, adding that he also tries to do some exercise when he’s offline.(辛格说，他把这一切都牢记在心，希望在比赛当天表现最好。‘我经常向后翻肩膀，保持挺直的背部，’他说，并补充说，他下线时也会尝试做一些运动。)”可知，辛格总是非常注意自己的坐的姿势和健康。故选B项。
50．主旨大意题。结合全文，特别是第一段关键句“Now some doctors are calling for gamers to be treated like other college athletes, because just like with other sports, they also suffer injuries.(现在一些医生呼吁玩家应该像其他大学运动员一样对待，因为就像其他运动一样，他们也会受伤。)”并结合倒数第二段关键句“Researchers say schools need to provide prevention and treatment plans for esports injuries just as they do with traditional athletes.(研究人员表示，学校需要像对待传统运动员一样，为电子竞技损伤提供预防和治疗方案。)”可知，本文主要讲述了电竞带来的身体损害，医生呼吁也要引起重视。因此，B项Doctors Raise the Alarm about Esports Injuries(医生对电子竞技伤害提出警告)为本文最佳标题。故选B项。
51．A 52．D 53．B 54．C 55．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一对39岁的夫妇在俄亥俄州弗雷泽斯堡镇，在他们自己孩子的帮助下，为有需要的孩子们送去了热的家庭午餐和冰食，以及这对夫妇最终的愿望是开一家咖啡馆，为人们提供免费食物。
51．细节理解题。由文章第二段“Jason and his wife, school librarian Anne, bought a used ice cream truck, and for the past two summers, the couple, both 39, have delivered hot home-cooked lunches and icy treats to kids in need in their 1,300-person town of Frazeysburg, Ohio.(杰森和他的妻子，学校图书管理员安妮，买了一辆二手冰淇淋车，在过去的两个夏天，这对39岁的夫妇在俄亥俄州弗雷泽斯堡的1300人小镇上，为有需要的孩子们送上了热腾腾的家常午餐和冰食。)”可知，沃森一家买了一辆冰淇淋车与有需要的孩子分享食物。故选A项。
52．推理判断题。由文章第四段“The family cooks all the meals themselves, posting online the dates and times they will be delivering. They serve about 70 meals a week in the summertime; to date, they estimate they’ve served about 2,200 lunches from the truck. ‘We share the love of cooking,’ Jason says.‘Instead of giving out fast food, we try to actually cook a really good meal, to treat them a little bit.’(这家人自己做饭，并在网上发布送餐日期和时间。夏天，他们每周大约供应70顿饭；到目前为止，他们估计已经从卡车上提供了大约2200份午餐杰森说：‘我们都热爱烹饪。我们试着做一顿真正美味的饭给他们一点款待，而不是分发快餐。’)”可知，这对夫妇把对烹饪的热爱变成了善良。故选D项。
53．细节理解题。由文章第五段“The couple launched a GoFundMe in June, 2022 when the truck needed both a new transmission and a new engine. They raised more than $10,000. (这对夫妇于2022年6月推出了GoFundMe，当时卡车需要新的变速器和新的发动机。他们筹集了1万多美元。)”可知，这对夫妇于2022年6月推出了GoFundMe是为了升级冰淇淋车。故选B项。
54．细节理解题。由文章第五段“‘We’ve been blown away by the outpouring of donations,’ says Anne. ‘And we’ve decided to do more. Our dream is to possibly open a free café where we invite people to sit, have a hot dinner and then share life together, which is kind of our vision going ahead.’(安妮说，‘我们被源源不断的捐款惊呆了我们决定做得更多。我们的梦想是可能开一家免费咖啡馆，邀请人们坐下来，吃一顿热腾腾的晚餐，然后一起分享生活，这是我们前进的愿景。’)”可知，对于这份捐赠，这对夫妻受到鼓舞而会做了更多的善举，比如开一家免费咖啡馆。故选C项。
55．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“They might not have an ice cream truck to go feed everyone with, but there are maybe some small things they could do for their neighbors or to make the world a better place or ever just to do something kind for someone else,(他们可能不能用一辆冰淇淋车来喂饱每个人，但也许他们可以为邻居做一些小事，或者让世界变得更美好，或者只是为别人做点什么，)”可知，Kelsea Little赞成这对夫妻的做法，认为每个人都可以用自己的方式传播善意。故选A项。
56．For one of his / her regular volunteer jobs. 57．A big rabbit that filled the cage. 58．Because there was a huge rabbit in his backyard without moving all day. 59．这是一件神秘的事情。 60．Both human and animals need a companion to share love and care.
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者去动物收容所做常规志愿者工作时，发现一只兔子和一只猫呆在同一个笼子里，文章告诉我们人或者动物都需要一个动物来分享关心和爱。
56．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Last spring, I went there for one of my regular volunteer jobs. (去年春天，我去那里做我的一项常规志愿者工作。)”可知，作者去那里是做一项常规志愿者工作。故答案为For one of his / her regular volunteer jobs.
57．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I was used to seeing an unexpected lizard or parrot, but I was not prepared for a big rabbit that filled the cage. It sat quietly eating something while I watched it in surprise. (我习惯了看到一只意想不到的蜥蜴或鹦鹉，但我没有准备好看到一只大兔子填满了笼子。它静静地坐着吃东西，我惊讶地看着它。)”可知，作者感到惊讶时因为看见一只大兔子在笼子里。故答案为A big rabbit that filled the cage.
58．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“ ‘It’s strange, huh ’ Chuck laughed, ‘A man in Town Acres called yesterday afternoon, saying there was a huge rabbit in his backyard that had been sitting there for a full day, and it hadn’t moved an inch. He thought it was injured, so he and his family went out to look at it. It’s a French Lop rabbit, and she’s surely somebody’s pet. There is no doubt about it. But she still didn’t move when they got close, and when they went to pick her up, that little kitten was right underneath her—just like he is now. And when they tried to separate them, that kitten cried! It was like being separated from his mother.’ (“很奇怪，是吧 ”查克笑着说:“昨天下午，一个小镇的人打电话来说，他的后院有一只大兔子，它在那里呆了一整天，一动也没动。他以为它受伤了，所以他和他的家人出去看它。这是一只法国罗布兔，她肯定是某人的宠物。这是毫无疑问的。但当他们走近她的时候，她还是一动不动，当他们去把她抱起来的时候，那只小猫就在她的下面——就像它现在一样。当他们试图把它们分开时，那只小猫哭了!就像和母亲分开了一样。”)”可知，小镇的人打电话来时因为后院的一只兔子在那里一整天都不动。故答案为Because there was a huge rabbit in his backyard without moving all day.
59．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“ ‘Up to now, we have not found any scientific proof,’ It certainly was strange, and for the next three days, everyone at the shelter called this unusual pair The Gray Duo. (“到目前为止，我们还没有找到任何科学证据。”这确实很奇怪，在接下来的三天里，收容所的每个人都把这对不寻常的夫妇称为“灰色二人组”。)”他们没有找到证据，猫和兔子为什么要在一起；可知，画线部分应该指的是“这是一件神秘的事情”。故答案为这是一件神秘的事情。
60．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“. I guessed they got together because both of them needed a companion(同伴) to give them love and care. (我猜他们在一起是因为他们都需要一个伴侣给他们爱和关心。)”可知，作者猜测猫和兔子在一起是因为他们需要一个伴侣给他们爱和关系；所以动物和人类一样需要有一个伴侣来分享爱和关心。故答案为Both human and animals need a companion to share love and care.
61．Great changes around me
Great changes have taken place around me in the past few years.
In the past, people lived a hard life. They used to live in old and small houses, which were very crowed. Transport used to be hard, so people mainly walked to anywhere they wanted to go. The food type was simple, and people seldom ate meat at that time.
Now people are living a better life. The old houses in this area are gone and high-rise buildings stand like trees in the forest. There are more green trees and facilities in the park. The air gets cleaner and the roads become wider than before. Transport is much easier. People can go to many places by car, by train or by plane. There are all kinds of delicious food in so many restaurants for us. All in all the whole city becomes more and more lovely.
The changes around me are too many to describe. And I am so happy with these changes. I'm sure our life will continue to get better.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生写一篇英语短文参加学校举办的题为Great changes around me的英文征文活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
简单的：easy→simple
设备：equipment→facility
极少，不常：not often→seldom
总之：in a word→all in all
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The changes around me are too many to describe. And I am so happy with these changes.
拓展句：There are so many changes around me that it's hard to describe how happy I am to see them.
【点睛】[高分句型1] They used to live in old and small houses, which were very crowed. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Transport used to be hard, so people mainly walked to anywhere they wanted to go. The food type was simple, and people seldom ate meat at that time. (连接副词引导宾语从句)
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