Unit 8 A green world
单元话题短文首字母填空练习
基础语篇巩固练
（24-25 八年级下·江苏·课后作业）I am an “energy monitor” in my class. My job is to remind (提醒) my
classmates to “go green”.
Do I have to be busy every day Well, in the b 1 , I had a lot to do. I had to make sure the lights in
the classroom were t 2 off before we left the classroom for a PE lesson or some other activities. And I
had to c 3 the dustbin to see if anyone wasted paper. Luckily, I got enough s 4 from both the
teachers and my classmates.
Now, I don’t need to be as b 5 as before. Because all of us have f 6 a habit of “going
green”. Everyone knows it is important to s 7 energy. We never leave the lights on when no one is in the
classroom. And we always write on b 8 sides of paper. Few of us go to school by car. And no one d
9 litter everywhere at school. Moreover, we start to c 10 used things like empty bottles and old
books at school.
（24-25 八年级上·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词
Have you ever heard of Earth Day On Earth Day, we think about life on our beautiful planet. People
celebrate Earth Day on April 22 of every year. That is the middle of spring, s 1 it is a good time for
planting trees and flowers. Many people plant things in honour of Earth Day. Some people c 2 up
rubbish. At school on Earth Day, students learn about h 3 the earth. Teachers often talk about pollution.
Students learn about reducing pollution.
Do you know w 4 it started The first Earth Day was celebrated by 20 million people who came
from t 5 of schools and communities across America on April 22, 1970. The 30th anniversary of Earth
Day was in 2000. At that time, important people from many countries gathered together and wrote a paper. It says
our planet is in trouble. We can f 6 it, however. We just need to do certain things. We must think about
our planet every day. Also, we should r 7 Earth Day every year.
Today, many countries do things in honour of Earth Day. Do you want to do s 8 for Earth Day,
too Here are some things we can do. First, plant new trees. Second, don’t throw cans or paper on the ground. You
should pick up garbage that is on the ground. Third, save water. Don’t keep the tap r 9 when you leave.
Fourth, turn off the lights that we are not u 10 . It’s not that difficult to help. Let’s think of every day as
Earth Day.
Join us to help protect our beautiful planet!
（24-25 八年级上·全国·课后作业）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空限
一词。
About 75% of all types of animals come from rainforests. Thousands of animals make their h 1 in
rain forests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on. Many of them live in trees, over 30 metres from the
g 2 . There are a 3 thousands of different plants, and lots of them are tall trees!
Rain forests are very i 4 to us. We need them! Trees and other plants in rain forests help to make
the air that we breathe. They stop the world getting too cold or too hot. They p 5 us with wood, rubber,
fruit and many of our medicines.
Sadly, in many places, rain forests are in d 6 . For example, many years ago there was a large
rainforest in Java(爪哇岛). There were thousands of different plants and animals in the forest, but now there is n
7 . People cut down trees b 8 they wanted to grow rice. They also wanted to grow rubber trees to
make rubber. Animals had to m 9 to other places, but many of them disappeared forever. The same
thing is h 10 now in many other parts of the world.
Rain forests really need our help.
（20-21 八年级下·湖北武汉·期中）阅读理解填词
Waste sorting (垃圾分类) is a big matter worldwide. In order to sort the trash p 1 and protect the
environment, people in different countries are using different w 2 to sort their waste.
A UK company invented a “smart bin” to h 3 with waste sorting. People just need to drop their
waste into the bin (垃圾桶). A camera and sensors (感应器) in the bin can tell what type of trash it is and
carefully sort it. The bin also compresses (压缩) the waste so it t 4 up less space.
South Korea is using a way called “Pay For Your Waste” to encourage its people to reduce food waste.
When t 5 away trash, people have to separate their food waste from their o 6 trash and put it in
a bin. The smart bin then weighs the food. People have to pay for their food waste by scanning (扫描) a barcode
(条形码) on the bin. If they throw away more trash, they will pay more.
Japan is leading the world in waste sorting. They sort waste so well t 7 even plastic bottles and
their caps go into different bins. Different types of paper products have their o 8 bins.
C 9 is improving its waste sorting efforts. Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green
account (账户)” service for its residents (居民). The city is asking all of its residents to sort their waste into four g
10 : wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.
（20-21 八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to r 1 your letter. Now I’d like to tell you something about the smog (雾霾).
Since the winter last year, the smog has t 2 place for several times. It has done great harm to our d
3 life. Many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy smog, more and more people have to go to
see the doctor because the s 4 disease caused by the smog. Quite a lot of flights have to be put off, a
great number of people have to stay at home for fear of the poisonous air caused by the smog.
People have r 5 the great harm caused by the smog and the importance of p 6 the
environment. People all over the country are taking action to reduce the smog weather. The government suggests
(建议) people go to work or school with the p 7 traffic, such as the bus and the underground. Also we
should p 8 more trees.
According to me, I will go to school by bike or on foot, and I won’t throw the waste a 9 .
Moreover, I will tell the people who I meet to protect the environment as p 10 as they can. Would you
like to tell me some good ideas I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Wang Hua
（20-21 八年级下·江苏南京·期中）When you want to buy something, which would you like to buy, new
or second– hand
More and more people like to buy second-hand items. People can s 1 money because second-hand
items are much cheaper than new ones. Buying second- hand items is also good for the e 2 . It’s reported
that in 2020, the mass (质量)of all man-made materials became greater than that of every living thing on Earth. So
it’s better to reuse old things i 3 of making new things.
“I love buying books on Déjà vu, an online second-hand bookstore. It’s good for students l 4 me,”
said Zhao Kaiqi, a 22-year-old college student from Harbin, Heilongjiang. “It also b 5 me interesting
experiences that I don’t have when I buy new books. One time, I found a note in a second-hand book. Its previous
(之前的) owner left the note and h 6 that I would enjoy reading the book. It was heartwarming to read.”
People can even find some items that are not made any more. For e 7 , some people like to buy
vintage (复古) items. These items often go back 30 years or even more. But if they’re in good c 8 ,
people can still use them.
“I am a big fan of vintage items,” said Yin Weian, a 25-year-old freelance writer from London, UK.
“Vintage items carry stories from the p 9 . Once I bought a bracelet (手链) with the words ‘Rose’ and
‘Love, Jason’ on it. It made me wonder about the story behind the bracelet. I think l 10 for vintage items
is a once-in-a- lifetime experience. It doesn’t matter how rich you are, but whether you can find an item that fits
you.”
What kind of second-hand things would you like to buy
（21-22 八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词。
Taking public transport, making payments online or just walking around—these daily activities can help
turn China’s deserts into forests if you are using Ant Forest.
Ant Forest is a feature in the Alipay mobile payment app. It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a
bus to work i 1 of driving, for example—and gives users “green energy”. When a user’s green energy
gets high e 2 , Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.
Ant Forest r 3 the 2019 Champions of the Earth award（地球卫士奖）, the UN’s highest
environmental honor, for encouraging people to live greener lifestyles and protect the environment.
S 4 its launch（发起）in August 2016, Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million
trees in China’s driest areas, which include regions in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Shanxi, reported
Xinhua News Agency. The trees c 5 an area of 112,000 hectares（公顷）. The project has become China’
s largest private-sector tree-planting initiative（倡议）.
This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth g 6 . In 1978, China began a national-level
forestation（造林）project—the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also known as the “Great Green Wall”.
The program has improved living conditions and d 7 local business, according to China Daily.
It’s reported the forest coverage rate（覆盖率）among the regions of the project r 8 13.57 percent
in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago.
In light of China’s success against desertification（沙漠化）, the United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP) believes the country is a good e 9 for others to follow.
“China is one of the most s 10 countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the
world.” former UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim told Xinhua.
重难语篇拔高练
（22-23 八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整， 每
空一词。
Environmental protection is important for the health of our earth. We need to r 1 how our actions
influence the environment.
In our daily life, plenty of waste we produce is a big problem. We can r 2 waste by choosing to
buy products with l 3 packaging (包装) and to recycle items properly. S 4 rubbish into
different categories, such as plastic, paper, and glass, can also be a great help.
Moreover, we d 5 on natural resources for our daily needs, such as water, air, and food. It is
important to save resources by using them w 6 . For example, turning off the tap w 7 brushing
our teeth can save water, and turning off lights when leaving a room can save electricity.
Finally, we must also think about the r 8 of our choices for the environment. Choosing to use
public transportation or carpooling (共乘一辆车) instead of driving a 9 can reduce air pollution.
Planting trees can also help take in CO2 and i 10 air quality.
By taking these steps, we can help protect the environment and make a better future.
（22-23 八年级下·江苏南通·期末）阅读短文，根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的单词，使短文通顺。
Recently the term “carbon neutral (碳中和)” has been a public topic. Being carbon neutral means cutting d
1 carbon emissions (碳排放) to zero or balancing (均衡) them out by taking some carbon out of the
atmosphere (大 气 层 ). Carbon emissions make the climate (气 候 ) change for the w 2 and the
temperatures rise. They are caused by all kinds of human activities. Burning fossil fuels (化工燃料) like coal, oil
and gas to p 3 energy is a main source of carbon emissions.
China has promised to be carbon-neutral by 2060. To achieve this goal (目 标 ), we will face many
challenges (挑战). However, many hands make light work. We students can also make contributions (贡献) to
helping r 4 this goal. Here’re some suggestions:
Travel in a green way
Since driving cars has caused serious air problems, we’d better do more walking or cycling instead of
driving. By doing so, we can save energy and reduce air p 5 .
Save water
Lack (缺乏) of water resources will be h 6 to the ecological (生态的) environment. So please
turn off the tap after using it.
Plant more trees
A good way of balancing out the carbon emissions is to plant trees b 7 trees can take in CO2 as
they grow.
Reduce food waste
Schools can encourage students to save food by comparing (对比) how much food is not eaten by students
after each meal. They can w 8 the leftovers (剩余饭菜) by putting them on the scale (秤). Also, they can
put the leftovers into a machine that can t 9 the waste into useful things. For example, some waste can
be put in the garden to help plants grow.
Let’s join together to see how small changes can make a big d 10 .Unit 8 A green world
单元话题短文首字母填空练习
基础语篇巩固练
（24-25 八年级下·江苏·课后作业）I am an “energy monitor” in my class. My job is to remind (提醒) my
classmates to “go green”.
Do I have to be busy every day Well, in the b 1 , I had a lot to do. I had to make sure the lights in
the classroom were t 2 off before we left the classroom for a PE lesson or some other activities. And I
had to c 3 the dustbin to see if anyone wasted paper. Luckily, I got enough s 4 from both the
teachers and my classmates.
Now, I don’t need to be as b 5 as before. Because all of us have f 6 a habit of “going
green”. Everyone knows it is important to s 7 energy. We never leave the lights on when no one is in the
classroom. And we always write on b 8 sides of paper. Few of us go to school by car. And no one d
9 litter everywhere at school. Moreover, we start to c 10 used things like empty bottles and old
books at school.
【答案】
1．(b)eginning 2．(t)urned 3．(c)heck 4．(s)upport 5．(b)usy 6．(f)ormed 7．(s)ave 8．
(b)oth 9．(d)rops 10．(c)ollect
【导语】本文主要讲述作者作为班级“节能监督员”的工作经历，以及班级同学逐渐养成环保习惯的过程。
1．句意：嗯，一开始，我有很多事情要做。根据下文“Now, I don’t need to be as…as before.”并结合首字母
提示可知，此处指一开始事情多，in the beginning“一开始”。故填(b)eginning。
2．句意：在我们离开教室去上体育课或参加其他活动之前，我必须确保教室里的灯已经关掉。根据“before
we left the classroom for a PE lesson or some other activities”并结合首字母提示可知，离开教室，应是需要关
灯，turn off“关闭”，此处用过去分词形式，构成被动语态。故填(t)urned。
3．句意：我不得不检查垃圾箱，看看是否有人浪费了纸张。根据“to see if anyone wasted paper”并结合首字
母提示可知，看看是否有人浪费了纸张，应是需要检查垃圾桶，check“检查”，had to 后接动词原形。故填
(c)heck。
4．句意：幸运的是，我得到了老师和同学的足够支持。根据“Luckily, I got enough…from both the teachers
and my classmates.”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指作者得到了支持，support“支持”符合。故填(s)
upport。
5．句意：现在，我不需要像以前那样忙了。根据上文“Do I have to be busy every day ”并结合首字母提示可
知，此处指作者需要像以前那样忙了，busy“繁忙的”符合。故填(b)usy。
6．句意：因为我们所有人都养成了“环保”的习惯。根据“a habit of ‘going green’”并结合首字母提示可知，
此处指养成习惯，form“养成，形成”，此处用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时。故填(f)ormed。
7．句意：大家都知道节约能源很重要。根据下文“We never leave the lights on when no one is in the classroom.”
并结合首字母提示可知，当教室里没有人的时候，要关灯，应是指节约能源，save“节约”，根据空前的不
定式符号“to”可知，此处用动词原形。故填(s)ave。
8．句意：我们总是在纸的两面写。根据上文“going green”并结合首字母提示可知，环保的行为应是在纸的
两面写，both“两者都”符合。故填(b)oth。
9．句意：学校里没有人随地乱扔垃圾。根据上文“going green”并结合首字母提示可知，环保的行为应是不
乱扔垃圾，drop litter“扔垃圾”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“no one”，用三单形式。故填(d)rops。
10．句意：此外，我们开始在学校收集用过的东西，比如空瓶子和旧书。根据“we start to…used things like
empty bottles and old books at school”的语境并结合首字母提示可知，此处指收集用过的东西，collect“收集”，
start to do sth.“开始做某事”，是固定搭配。故填(c)ollect。
（24-25 八年级上·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词
Have you ever heard of Earth Day On Earth Day, we think about life on our beautiful planet. People
celebrate Earth Day on April 22 of every year. That is the middle of spring, s 1 it is a good time for
planting trees and flowers. Many people plant things in honour of Earth Day. Some people c 2 up
rubbish. At school on Earth Day, students learn about h 3 the earth. Teachers often talk about pollution.
Students learn about reducing pollution.
Do you know w 4 it started The first Earth Day was celebrated by 20 million people who came
from t 5 of schools and communities across America on April 22, 1970. The 30th anniversary of Earth
Day was in 2000. At that time, important people from many countries gathered together and wrote a paper. It says
our planet is in trouble. We can f 6 it, however. We just need to do certain things. We must think about
our planet every day. Also, we should r 7 Earth Day every year.
Today, many countries do things in honour of Earth Day. Do you want to do s 8 for Earth Day,
too Here are some things we can do. First, plant new trees. Second, don’t throw cans or paper on the ground. You
should pick up garbage that is on the ground. Third, save water. Don’t keep the tap r 9 when you leave.
Fourth, turn off the lights that we are not u 10 . It’s not that difficult to help. Let’s think of every day as
Earth Day.
Join us to help protect our beautiful planet!
【答案】
1．(s)o 2．(c)lean 3．(h)elping 4．(w)hen 5．(t)housands 6．(f)ix 7．(r)emember 8．
(s)omething 9．(r)unning 10．(u)sing
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了地球日的相关情况及其意义，倡议人们一起保护地球。
1．句意：那是在春天中旬，所以是种树和花的好时节。根据“That is the middle of spring”和“it is a good time
for planting trees and flowers”为因果关系，可知 so“所以”符合语境，故填(s)o。
2．句意：有些人会清理垃圾。根据“Many people plant things in honour of Earth Day”并结合首字母可知 clean
up“清理”符合语境，由语境可知句子时态为一般现在时，主语 some people 为复数，故填(c)lean。
3．句意：在学校过地球日的时候，学生们学习帮助地球。根据“Teachers often talk about pollution. Students
learn about reducing pollution.”并结合首字母可知此处是说学生们学习帮助地球，help“帮助”，实义动词，符
合语境，而“about”为介词，所以此处应用其动名词形式，故填(h)elping。
4．句意：你知道它是什么时候开始的吗？根据“The first Earth Day was celebrated by 20 million people who
came from ...of schools and communities across America on April 22”并结合首字母可知应是问地球日开始的
时间，故填(w)hen。
5．句意：1970 年 4 月 22 日，第一个地球日由来自美国各地学校和社区的 2000 万人庆祝。根据首字母可
知 thousands of“成千上万的”，修饰可数名词复数 schools 和 communities，表示数量，符合语境，故填(t)
housands。
6．句意：然而，我们能够修复它。此处应填动词原形，根据“It says our planet is in trouble”和“however”并
结合首字母可知 fix“修理”符合语境，故填(f)ix。
7．句意：而且，我们应该每年都纪念地球日。此处应填动词原形，根据“We must think about our planet every
day”和“also”及首字母可知 remember“纪念”符合语境，故填(r)emember。
8．句意：你也想在地球日为保护地球做些什么吗？根据“Today, many countries do things in honour of Earth
Day”和“Here are some things we can do”可知此处询问读者是否想在地球日为保护地球做些什么，由首字母
和语境可知 something“一些事”，用于希望得到肯定回答的疑问句，符合语境，故填(s)omething。
9．句意：当你离开的时候不要让水龙头一直开着。根据“when you leave”及首字母可知 run“流动”符合语境，
keep sth doing 表示“让某物持续做某事”，故填(r)unning。
10．句意：关掉我们不使用的灯。根据“turn off the lights”可知此处表示我们不在使用的灯，由首字母可知
use“使用”符合语境，而由其前的 be 动词可知此处应用动词的现在分词形式，表示正在使用的，故填(u)
sing。
（24-25 八年级上·全国·课后作业）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空限
一词。
About 75% of all types of animals come from rainforests. Thousands of animals make their h 1 in
rain forests. There are many beautiful birds, insects and so on. Many of them live in trees, over 30 metres from the
g 2 . There are a 3 thousands of different plants, and lots of them are tall trees!
Rain forests are very i 4 to us. We need them! Trees and other plants in rain forests help to make
the air that we breathe. They stop the world getting too cold or too hot. They p 5 us with wood, rubber,
fruit and many of our medicines.
Sadly, in many places, rain forests are in d 6 . For example, many years ago there was a large
rainforest in Java(爪哇岛). There were thousands of different plants and animals in the forest, but now there is n
7 . People cut down trees b 8 they wanted to grow rice. They also wanted to grow rubber trees to
make rubber. Animals had to m 9 to other places, but many of them disappeared forever. The same
thing is h 10 now in many other parts of the world.
Rain forests really need our help.
【答案】
1．(h)omes 2．(g)round 3．(a)lso 4．(i)mportant 5．(p)rovide 6．(d)anger 7．(n)one 8．
(b)ecause 9．(m)ove 10．(h)appening
【分析】这是一篇环保类说明文，介绍了雨林对于全球生物多样性的重要性。
1．句意：成千上万的动物在雨林里安家。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指动物在雨林里“安家”，make
one's home in 意为“在……安家”，为固定短语，home 在此处用作名词，且需用复数形式，表示不止一个动
物的家。故填(h)omes。
2．句意：他们中的许多住在树上，离地面超过 30 米。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指动物离“地面”
的距离，ground 意为“地面”，符合语境。故填(g)round。
3．句意：也有数千种不同的植物。根据句意及首字母提示可知，also 意为“也”。故填(a)lso。
4．句意：雨林对我们非常重要。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指雨林对人类的“重要性”，important
意为“重要的”，符合语境。故填(i)mportant。
5．句意：它们为我们提供木材、橡胶、水果和许多药品。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指雨林为人
类“提供”所需物品，provide sb with sth 意为“为某人提供某物”，为固定短语，且根据前后句时态可知，此
处需用一般现在时，主语 they 为复数，provide 需用原形。故填(p)rovide。
6．句意：遗憾的是，在许多地方，雨林正处于危险之中。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指雨林面临
的“危险”，in danger 意为“处于危险之中”，为固定短语。故填(d)anger。
7．句意：但是现在没有什么了。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指雨林中的动植物都被砍伐或灭绝，
所以现在“什么也没有”了，none 意为“没有东西”，符合语境。故填(n)one。
8．句意：人们砍伐树木是因为他们想种水稻。根据句意及首字母提示可知，前后句之间为因果关系，前
句为结果，后句为原因，because 意为“因为”，用于引导原因状语从句。故填(b)ecause。
9．句意：动物不得不搬到其他地方。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指动物为了生存而“搬离”雨林，
move to 意为“搬到”，为固定短语，且 had to 后需接动词原形。故填(m)ove。
10．句意：目前在世界许多其他地方也发生着同样的事情。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指在世界其
他地方也在“发生”着砍伐雨林的事情，happen 意为“发生”，且根据 now 可知，此处需用现在进行时，be
happening 表示现在正在发生。故填(h)appening。
（20-21 八年级下·湖北武汉·期中）阅读理解填词
Waste sorting (垃圾分类) is a big matter worldwide. In order to sort the trash p 1 and protect the
environment, people in different countries are using different w 2 to sort their waste.
A UK company invented a “smart bin” to h 3 with waste sorting. People just need to drop their
waste into the bin (垃圾桶). A camera and sensors (感应器) in the bin can tell what type of trash it is and
carefully sort it. The bin also compresses (压缩) the waste so it t 4 up less space.
South Korea is using a way called “Pay For Your Waste” to encourage its people to reduce food waste.
When t 5 away trash, people have to separate their food waste from their o 6 trash and put it in
a bin. The smart bin then weighs the food. People have to pay for their food waste by scanning (扫描) a barcode
(条形码) on the bin. If they throw away more trash, they will pay more.
Japan is leading the world in waste sorting. They sort waste so well t 7 even plastic bottles and
their caps go into different bins. Different types of paper products have their o 8 bins.
C 9 is improving its waste sorting efforts. Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a “green
account (账户)” service for its residents (居民). The city is asking all of its residents to sort their waste into four g
10 : wet, recyclable, harmful and dry.
【答案】
1．(p)roperly 2．(w)ays 3．(h)elp 4．(t)akes 5．(t)hrowing 6．(o)ther 7．(t)hat 8．
(o)wn 9．(C)hina 10．(g)roups
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个国家的垃圾分类情况。
1．句意：为了正确分类垃圾和保护环境，不同国家的人们正在使用不同的方法来分类垃圾。本句成分完
整，可填副词；根据语境及首字母可知，此处可表示“恰当地”，用 properly，故填(p)roperly。
2．句意：为了正确分类垃圾和保护环境，不同国家的人们正在使用不同的方法来分类垃圾。根据“using
different”及首字母可知，此处表示使用不同的方法，用 way；因是不同的方法，需用复数，故填(w)ays。
3．句意：一家英国公司发明了一种“智能垃圾箱”来帮助进行垃圾分类。根据“with waste sorting”及首字母
可知，此处表示帮助垃圾分类，用 help；因在动词不定式之后，用原形，故填(h)elp。
4．句意：该垃圾箱还可以压缩废物，因此占用的空间更少。本句缺谓语；根据“up less space”及首字母可
知，此处表示占据更少空间，take up“占据”；因主语是单数且为一般现在时，动词需用三单，故填(t)akes。
5．句意：扔垃圾时，人们必须将食物垃圾与其他垃圾分开，然后放入垃圾箱。根据“away trash”及首字母
可知，此处用 throw，表示“扔”；因此处是状从的省略，且主语和动词之间是主动关系，用 ing 形式，故填
(t)hrowing。
6．句意：扔垃圾时，人们必须将食物垃圾与其他垃圾分开，然后放入垃圾箱。根据“people have to separate
their food waste from”及首字母可知，此处表示人们必须从其他的垃圾中分出食物垃圾；用 other，表示“其
他的”，故填(o)ther。
7．句意：他们对废物进行分类非常好，甚至塑料瓶和瓶盖都进入不同的垃圾箱。根据“so well”及首字母可
知，此处是 so…that…，表示“如此……以致于……”，故填(t)hat。
8．句意：不同类型的纸制品都有自己的垃圾箱。根据“their”及首字母可知，此处表示“他们自己的”，用 own，
故填(o)wn。
9．句意：中国正在改进其垃圾分类工作。根据最后一段及首字母可知，本段在说明中国所做的垃圾分类，
所以空处应填中国，故填(C)hina。
10．句意：该市要求所有居民将他们的垃圾分为四类：湿垃圾、可回收垃圾、有害垃圾和干垃圾。根据“wet,
recyclable, harmful and dry.”可知，这里指将垃圾分为四类；结合首字母可知，用 group，表示“组”；因是四
个，需用复数，故填(g)roups。
（20-21 八年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Dear Peter,
I’m glad to r 1 your letter. Now I’d like to tell you something about the smog (雾霾).
Since the winter last year, the smog has t 2 place for several times. It has done great harm to our d
3 life. Many traffic accidents happened just because of the heavy smog, more and more people have to go to
see the doctor because the s 4 disease caused by the smog. Quite a lot of flights have to be put off, a
great number of people have to stay at home for fear of the poisonous air caused by the smog.
People have r 5 the great harm caused by the smog and the importance of p 6 the
environment. People all over the country are taking action to reduce the smog weather. The government suggests
(建议) people go to work or school with the p 7 traffic, such as the bus and the underground. Also we
should p 8 more trees.
According to me, I will go to school by bike or on foot, and I won’t throw the waste a 9 .
Moreover, I will tell the people who I meet to protect the environment as p 10 as they can. Would you
like to tell me some good ideas I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Wang Hua
【答案】
1．(r)eceive 2．(t)aken 3．(d)aily 4．(s)erious 5．(r)ealized 6．(p)rotecting 7．(p)
ublic 8．(p)lant 9．(a)nywhere 10．(p)ossible
【导语】本文是王华给彼得的一封回信。内容是双方共同关心的雾霾天气带给人们的危害，以及就这一现
象所提供的一些基本的建议。
1．句意：很高兴收到你的来信。根据“your letter”及首字母提示可知，此处是 receive“收到”，根据“I’m glad
to”可知，此处是 be glad to do sth.，动词用原形，故填(r)eceive。
2．句意：自从去年冬天以来，雾霾已经发生了好几次。根据“place for several times”及首字母提示可知，
此处是 take place“发生”，空前有 has，此处动词用过去分词，构成现在完成时的结构，故填(t)aken。
3．句意：它对我们的日常生活造成了极大的危害。结合常识及首字母提示可知，雾霾对日常生活造成了
影响，daily“日常的”，形容词，作定语修饰其后的名词 life，故填(d)aily。
4．句意：许多交通事故的发生就是因为严重的雾霾，越来越多的人因为雾霾引起的严重疾病，不得不去
看医生。空处修饰其后的名词“disease”，结合“more and more people have to go to see the doctor”及首字母提
示可知，此处指的是“得了严重的疾病”，serious“严重的”，故填(s)erious。
5．句意：人们已经意识到雾霾造成的极大危害以及保护环境的重要性。根据“the great harm caused by the
smog and the importance of...the environment.”及首字母提示可知，人们已经意识到这个问题了，realize“意识
到”，根据 have 可知，此处用过去分词构成现在完成时结构，故填(r)ealized。
6．句意：人们已经意识到雾霾造成的极大危害以及保护环境的重要性。根据“ the importance of...the
environment.”及首字母提示可知，人们知道了保护环境的重要性，protect“保护”，动词，of 后接动名词形
式，故填(p)rotecting。
7．句意：政府建议人们乘坐公交车和地铁等公共交通工具上班或上学。根据“such as the bus and the
underground”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“公共交通”，public“公共的”，形容词，作定语修饰其后的名
词 traffic，故填(p)ublic。
8．句意：我们还应该种更多的树。根据“more trees”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“种树”，plant“种植”，
动词，情态动词 should 后接动词原形，故填(p)lant。
9．句意：我将骑自行车或步行上学，我不会随地扔垃圾。根据“I won’t throw the waste”及首字母提示可知，
此处指的是“不会把垃圾丢的到处都是”，anywhere“任何地方”，故填(a)nywhere。
10．句意：我会告诉我遇到的人尽可能地保护环境。根据“ as...as they can”及首字母提示可知，此处是 as
possible as sb can“尽可能”，故填(p)ossible。
（20-21 八年级下·江苏南京·期中）When you want to buy something, which would you like to buy, new
or second– hand
More and more people like to buy second-hand items. People can s 1 money because second-hand
items are much cheaper than new ones. Buying second- hand items is also good for the e 2 . It’s reported
that in 2020, the mass (质量)of all man-made materials became greater than that of every living thing on Earth. So
it’s better to reuse old things i 3 of making new things.
“I love buying books on Déjà vu, an online second-hand bookstore. It’s good for students l 4 me,”
said Zhao Kaiqi, a 22-year-old college student from Harbin, Heilongjiang. “It also b 5 me interesting
experiences that I don’t have when I buy new books. One time, I found a note in a second-hand book. Its previous
(之前的) owner left the note and h 6 that I would enjoy reading the book. It was heartwarming to read.”
People can even find some items that are not made any more. For e 7 , some people like to buy
vintage (复古) items. These items often go back 30 years or even more. But if they’re in good c 8 ,
people can still use them.
“I am a big fan of vintage items,” said Yin Weian, a 25-year-old freelance writer from London, UK.
“Vintage items carry stories from the p 9 . Once I bought a bracelet (手链) with the words ‘Rose’ and
‘Love, Jason’ on it. It made me wonder about the story behind the bracelet. I think l 10 for vintage items
is a once-in-a- lifetime experience. It doesn’t matter how rich you are, but whether you can find an item that fits
you.”
What kind of second-hand things would you like to buy
【答案】
1．(s)ave 2．(e)nvironment 3．(i)nstead 4．(l)ike 5．(b)rings 6．(h)oped 7．(e)
xample 8．(c)ondition 9．(p)ast 10．(l)ooking
【分析】本文主要是宣传鼓励人们购买二手物品。
1．句意：人们可以省钱，因为二手货比新的便宜得多。根据“much cheaper”可知，买二手商品可以省钱，
save 节省；can 为情态动词，后接动词原形，故填(s)ave。
2．句意：购买二手物品对环境也有好处。根据“Earth”联想可知，买二手商品对环境有好处，环境 environment，
故填(e)nvironment。
3．句意：因此，最好是重复使用旧的东西，而不是制造新的东西。根据“Buying second- hand items”可知，
本文倡导循环使用旧物件而不是再生产新的；结合首字母，固定搭配 instead of 代替，而不是，故填(i)
nstead。
4．句意：这对我这样的学生有好处。根据“a 22-year-old college student from Harbin”可知，像她这样的学生，
购买二手书籍是好的，像 be like，故填(l)ike。
5．句意：它也给我带来了买新书时没有的有趣经历。分析句子结构可知，此空应填谓语动词，结合句意
以及首字母提示，应填 bring 带来；此句为一般现在时，主语为 it，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故
填(b)rings。
6．句意：它以前的主人留下了纸条，希望我能喜欢读这本书。分析句子结构可知，此空应填谓语动词，
结合句意以及首字母提示，应填 hope 希望；根据“ left the note”可知，此句为一般过去时，故填(h)oped。
7．句意：例如，有的人喜欢买复古的东西。根据“ some people like to buy vintage items.”可知，此处是在举
例说明，固定搭配 for example 例如，故填(e)xample。
8．句意：但如果它们状况良好，人们仍然可以使用它们。根据“These items often go back 30 years or even more”
以及“people can still use them”可知，这些物品都已经 30 年甚至更长时间了，如果物品保存的好，状况良好，
还可以继续使用，状况 condition，表状态时 condition 不可数，故填(c)ondition。
9．句意：复古物品承载着过去的故事。根据“Once I bought a bracelet with the words ‘Rose’ and ‘Love, Jason’
on it. It made me wonder about the story behind the bracelet”可知，复古的物品记录着过去的故事，过去 past，
故填(p)ast。
10．句意：我认为寻找古董是一种一生只有一次的经历。根据“find” 暗示，进行同义词替换，应为 look for，
且此处做从句的主语，所以用动名词形式，故填(l)ooking。
（21-22 八年级下·江苏南京·期末）根据短文内容及首字母提示填写所缺单词。
Taking public transport, making payments online or just walking around—these daily activities can help
turn China’s deserts into forests if you are using Ant Forest.
Ant Forest is a feature in the Alipay mobile payment app. It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a
bus to work i 1 of driving, for example—and gives users “green energy”. When a user’s green energy
gets high e 2 , Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.
Ant Forest r 3 the 2019 Champions of the Earth award（地球卫士奖）, the UN’s highest
environmental honor, for encouraging people to live greener lifestyles and protect the environment.
S 4 its launch（发起）in August 2016, Ant Forest and its partners have planted some 122 million
trees in China’s driest areas, which include regions in Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Qinghai and Shanxi, reported
Xinhua News Agency. The trees c 5 an area of 112,000 hectares（公顷）. The project has become China’
s largest private-sector tree-planting initiative（倡议）.
This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth g 6 . In 1978, China began a national-level
forestation（造林）project—the Three North Shelterbelt Forest Program, also known as the “Great Green Wall”.
The program has improved living conditions and d 7 local business, according to China Daily.
It’s reported the forest coverage rate（覆盖率）among the regions of the project r 8 13.57 percent
in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40 years ago.
In light of China’s success against desertification（沙漠化）, the United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP) believes the country is a good e 9 for others to follow.
“China is one of the most s 10 countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the
world.” former UNEP Executive Director Erik Solheim told Xinhua.
【答案】
1．(i)nstead 2．(e)nough 3．(r)eceived 4．(S)ince 5．(c)over 6．(g)reen 7．(d)
eveloped 8．(r)aised 9．(e)xample 10．(s)uccessful
【导语】本文主要介绍了支付宝中蚂蚁森林，介绍蚂蚁森林如何运行以及带来的影响等，它通过记录人们
低碳行为获得的绿色能量，在干旱地区种植真实的树，以此鼓励人们用以绿色的生活方式保护环境。
1．句意：例如，乘坐公共汽车而不是开车上班。根据“It records users’ low-carbon activities—taking a bus to
work ...of driving”可知，蚂蚁森林提倡低碳活动，所以是乘坐公交而不是开车，instead of“而不是”，故填(i)
nstead。
2．句意：当用户的绿色能量足够高时，蚂蚁森林及其合作伙伴将为该用户种植一棵真正的树。根据“When
a user’s green energy gets high ..., Ant Forest and its partners will plant a real tree for that person.”可知，攒取足
够高的绿色能量，就会种一颗真树，enough“足够”，修饰 high，故填(e)nough。
3．句意：蚂蚁森林因鼓励人们过更绿色的生活方式，保护环境，获得了联合国最高环保荣誉——2019 年
地球冠军奖。根据“Ant Forest ...the 2019 Champions of the Earth award”可知，获得奖项，receive“获得”，时
态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)eceived。
4．句意：据新华社报道，自 2016 年 8 月成立以来，蚂蚁森林及其合作伙伴已经在中国最干旱地区种植了
约 1.22 亿棵树，包括内蒙古、甘肃、青海和山西等地区。根据“Ant Forest and its partners have planted some
122 million trees in China’s driest areas”可知，“since+过去时间点”常与现在完成时连用，since“自从”，句首需
大写首字母，故填(S)ince。
5．句意：树木覆盖面积为 11.2 万公顷。根据“The trees....an area of 112,000 hectares.”及首字母可知，此处
指“覆盖面积”，cover“覆盖”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，d 故填(c)over。
6．句意：这只是中国绿化地球努力的一部分。根据“This is only part of China’s efforts to make Earth ....”及首
字母可知，是中国绿化地球，green“绿色的”，作宾语补足语，故填(g)reen。
7．句意：据《中国日报》报道，该项目改善了当地的生活条件，发展了当地的商业。根据“.....local business”
及首字母可知，是发展当地商业，develope“发展”，时态是现在完成时，空处用过去分词。故填(d)
eveloped。
8．句意：据报道，2017 年，该项目区域的森林覆盖率提高了 13.57%，而 40 年前为 5.05%。根据“It’s reported
the forest coverage rate among the regions of the project r...13.57 percent in 2017, compared to 5.05 percent 40
years ago.”可知，森林覆盖率提高了，raise“提高”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(r)aised。
9．句意：鉴于中国在防治荒漠化方面取得的成功，联合国环境规划署认为中国是其他国家学习的好榜样。
根据“the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) believes the country is a good ....for others to follow.”
可知，中国是其他国家学习的好榜样，example“榜样，例子”，此前有 a 修饰，使用名词单数形式，故填(e)
xample。
10．句意：中国是沙漠绿化最成功的国家之一，有经验可以与世界分享。根据“China is one of the most
s...countries in greening the desert and has lessons to share with the world.”可知，中国早沙漠绿化这一方面是成
功的，successful“成功的”，与空前 the most 形成最高级，在句中作定语修饰 countries，故填(s)uccessful。
重难语篇拔高练
（22-23 八年级下·江苏镇江·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整， 每
空一词。
Environmental protection is important for the health of our earth. We need to r 1 how our actions
influence the environment.
In our daily life, plenty of waste we produce is a big problem. We can r 2 waste by choosing to
buy products with l 3 packaging (包装) and to recycle items properly. S 4 rubbish into
different categories, such as plastic, paper, and glass, can also be a great help.
Moreover, we d 5 on natural resources for our daily needs, such as water, air, and food. It is
important to save resources by using them w 6 . For example, turning off the tap w 7 brushing
our teeth can save water, and turning off lights when leaving a room can save electricity.
Finally, we must also think about the r 8 of our choices for the environment. Choosing to use
public transportation or carpooling (共乘一辆车) instead of driving a 9 can reduce air pollution.
Planting trees can also help take in CO2 and i 10 air quality.
By taking these steps, we can help protect the environment and make a better future.
【答案】
1．(r)ealize/(r)ealise 2．(r)educe 3．(l)ess/(l)ittle 4．(S)eparating 5．(d)epend 6．(w)
isely 7．(w)hile / (w)hen 8．(r)esult/(r)esults 9．(a)lone 10．(i)mprove
【导语】本文讲述人们在日常生活中要如何明智地使用资源来节省资源、保护环境。
1．句意：我们需要认识到我们的行为是如何影响环境的。根据“Environmental protection is important for the
health of our earth.”可知此处指“我们需要认识到我们的行为对环境的影响”；realize/realise“认识到”，need to
do sth“需要做某事”，填动词原形。故填(r)ealize/(r)ealise。
2．句意：我们可以通过选择购买包装（较）少的产品和适当回收物品来减少浪费。根据下文“by choosing
to buy products with less /little packaging and to recycle items properly.”可知此处指“通过选择购买包装（较）
少的产品和适当回收物品来减少浪费”；reduce“减少”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填(r)educe。
3．句意：我们可以通过选择购买包装（较）少的产品和适当回收物品来减少浪费。下文“and to recycle items
properly”；根据 and 表相承的关系，可知此处指“选择购买包装（较）少的产品和适当回收物品来减少浪费”；
修饰不可数名词用 less“较少的”/little“少的”。故填(l)ess/ (l)ittle。
4．句意：将垃圾分为不同的类别，如塑料、纸张和玻璃，也会有很大的帮助。根据下文“…such as plastic,
paper, and glass,”可知此处指“将垃圾分为不同的类别”；separate“分类”，填动名词作主语。故填(S)
eparating。
5．句意：此外，我们的日常需求依赖自然资源，如水、空气和食物。根据下文“…such as water, air, and food.”
可知此处指“日常需求依赖水、空气和食物等自然资源”；depend on“依靠……”；句子陈述客观的事实，用
一般现在时，主语 we，谓语动词用原形。故填(d)epend。
6．句意：通过明智地使用资源来节省资源是很重要的。根据下文“For example, turning off the tap … and
turning off lights”可知此处指“明智地使用资源来节省资源”；填副词 wisely“明智地”修饰动词。故填(w)
isely。
7．句意：例如，刷牙时关上水龙头可以节水，离开房间时关灯可以省电。根据下文“and turning off lights
when leaving a room can save electricity.”可知刷牙时关上水龙头可以节水，when/while“当……时候”。故填(w)
hile / (w)hen。
8．句意：最后，我们还必须考虑到我们为了环境所做的选择的结果。根据下文“Choosing to use public
transportation or carpooling…Planting trees…”可知此处指“我们为了环境所做的选择的结果”；result(s)“结果”，
可用复数形式表泛指。故填(r)esult(s)。
9．句意：选择使用公共交通工具或拼车而不是独自开车可以减少空气污染。根据“can reduce air pollution”
可知此处指“不要独自开车”；alone“独自地”。故填(a)lone。
10．句意：植树还有助于吸收二氧化碳，改善空气质量。根据“Planting trees”可知此处指“植树可以改善空
气质量”；improve“改善”，情态动词后接动词原形。故填(i)mprove。
（22-23 八年级下·江苏南通·期末）阅读短文，根据所给的首字母提示，写出一个合适的单词，使短文通顺。
Recently the term “carbon neutral (碳中和)” has been a public topic. Being carbon neutral means cutting d
1 carbon emissions (碳排放) to zero or balancing (均衡) them out by taking some carbon out of the
atmosphere (大 气 层 ). Carbon emissions make the climate (气 候 ) change for the w 2 and the
temperatures rise. They are caused by all kinds of human activities. Burning fossil fuels (化工燃料) like coal, oil
and gas to p 3 energy is a main source of carbon emissions.
China has promised to be carbon-neutral by 2060. To achieve this goal (目 标 ), we will face many
challenges (挑战). However, many hands make light work. We students can also make contributions (贡献) to
helping r 4 this goal. Here’re some suggestions:
Travel in a green way
Since driving cars has caused serious air problems, we’d better do more walking or cycling instead of
driving. By doing so, we can save energy and reduce air p 5 .
Save water
Lack (缺乏) of water resources will be h 6 to the ecological (生态的) environment. So please
turn off the tap after using it.
Plant more trees
A good way of balancing out the carbon emissions is to plant trees b 7 trees can take in CO2 as
they grow.
Reduce food waste
Schools can encourage students to save food by comparing (对比) how much food is not eaten by students
after each meal. They can w 8 the leftovers (剩余饭菜) by putting them on the scale (秤). Also, they can
put the leftovers into a machine that can t 9 the waste into useful things. For example, some waste can
be put in the garden to help plants grow.
Let’s join together to see how small changes can make a big d 10 .
【答案】
1．(d)own 2．(w)orse 3．(p)roduce 4．(r)ealize/(r)ealise 5．(p)ollution 6．(h)armful 7．
(b)ecause 8．(w)eigh 9．(t)urn 10．(d)ifference
【导语】本文是一些关于“如何保护环境，过低碳生活”的一些建议。
1．句意：碳中和意味着将碳排放减少到零，或者通过从大气中吸收一些碳来平衡碳排放。cut down“减少”，
固定短语。故填(d)own。
2．句意：碳排放使气候变化恶化，气温上升。根据“the temperatures rise”可知碳排放使得气候变得更糟；
结合首字母提示可知，应填 worse“更糟”。故填(w)orse。
3．句意：燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气等化石燃料生产能源是碳排放的主要来源。根据“Burning fossil fuels (化
工燃料) like coal, oil and gas”可知燃烧像煤炭、石油和天然气这样的化工燃料会产生能量；produce“产生”，
动词；to 后接动词原形。故填(p)roduce。
4．句意：我们学生也可以为实现这一目标做出贡献。根据“this goal”及首字母可知此处指实现这一目标；
realize/realise“实现”，动词；help do sth.“帮助做某事”。故填(r)ealize/(r)ealise。
5．句意：通过这样做，我们可以节约能源，减少空气污染。根据“we’d better do more walking or cycling instead
of driving.”可知步行或骑行代替开车，这会减少空气污染；air pollution“空气污染”。故填(p)ollution。
6．句意：水资源的缺乏将会危害生态环境。根据“Lack (缺乏) of water resources”可知缺乏水资源将会危害
生态系统；结合首字母提示可知，harmful“有害的”；be harmful to“对……有害”。故填(h)armful。
7．句意：平衡碳排放的一个好方法是种树，因为树木在生长过程中可以吸收二氧化碳。根据“A good way
of balancing out the carbon emissions is to plant trees ... trees can take in CO2 as they grow.”可知前后句为因果
关系；由首字母提示可知，应填 because“因为”。故填(b)ecause。
8．句意：他们可以把剩菜放在秤上称重量。根据“putting them on the scale (秤)”可知是给剩余饭菜称重；
weigh“称，称……的重量”，动词，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。故填(w)eigh。
9．句意：此外，他们还可以把剩饭剩菜放进机器里，这样就可以把废物变成有用的东西。turn ... into“把……
变成……”，情态动词 can 后接动词原形。故填(t)urn。
10．句意：让我们一起来看看小的改变是如何产生大的不同的。make a big difference“产生重大影响”，固
定短语。故填(d)ifference。
