Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
1.assist v.协助,帮助
assistant n.助手,助理
adj.副的;助理的
assistance n.帮助,援助
[语境运用] 语境串词/完成句子
(1)①After the earthquake,the emergency crews, by the ,were busy searching for survivors.Their helped a lot in saving people’s lives.(assist)
(2)②我写这封信是为了表达我真诚的谢意,感谢您在英语口语方面对我的帮助。(应用文写作之感谢信)
I am writing to express my sincere thanks for your .
③约翰在徒步旅行时跌倒了,但幸运的是,一位好心的陌生人过来帮助他,迅速把他扶了起来。在这位陌生人的帮助下,约翰安全地回来了。(读后续写之场景描写)
John fell while hiking,but luckily,a kind stranger ,
quickly . the stranger,John made his way safely back.
【答案】 (1)①assisted;assistants;assistance
(2)②assisting me in/with my oral/spoken English ③came to his assistance;assisting him to get up/in getting up;With the assistance of
·assist sb in/with sth 在某事上帮助某人
assist sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
·with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
come/go to one’s assistance 来/去帮助某人
2.vital adj.极其重要的,必不可少的;生气勃勃的
[语境运用] 熟词生义/完成句子/一句多译
(1)①As far as I am concerned,school should be a place that assists children to live a vital life.
(2)②在过去的一年中,我们都忙着准备高考,这场考试对于大多数中国学生而言都至关重要。(应用文写作之告知信)
Over the past year,we have been busy preparing for the College Entrance Examination,which
most Chinese students.
(3)为了保持健康,均衡饮食对我们来说是至关重要的。
③ in order to keep healthy.(it is vital to do sth)
④ in order to keep healthy.[it is vital that...(should) do sth]
⑤ in order to keep healthy.(be of vital importance)
【答案】 (1)①生气勃勃的
(2)②is vital for/to
(3)③It is vital for us to have a balanced diet
④It is vital that we (should) have a balanced diet
⑤It is of vital importance that we (should) have a balanced diet
be vital for/to 对……是极其重要/必不可少的
it is vital to do sth 做某事是至关重要的
it is vital that...(should) do sth ……做某事是至关重要的
be of vital importance 至关重要
3.minority n.少数派;少数
minor adj.较小的;次要的;轻微的
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①Body language is an unspoken language and different (minority) have different body language.
②School is our second home where we spend the (major) of time living and learning.
(2)③只有少数学生在操场上打篮球,而观看他们的人占大多数。
Only ,while the people watching them are .
【答案】 (1)①minorities ②majority (2)③a minority of students are playing basketball on the playground;in a/the majority
·a/the minority of 少数……(后跟名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与of后的名词的单复数一致)
in a/the minority/majority占少数/多数(作表语或定语)
·majority n.大多数;大部分
·major adj.主要的;重要的;大部分的
4.rewarding adj.值得做的,有意义的
reward v.奖励,奖赏;给以报酬
n.回报;奖励;报酬
[语境运用] 完成句子/一句多译
(1)①帮助别人是一种有益的经历,我希望那些被别人帮助过的人也能以他们的善良回报别人。(读后续写之主题升华)
Helping others is ,and I hope that those helped by others can also .
(2)通过这个仪式,我们意识到我们应该更加努力学习,以回报父母和老师的耐心教导。 (应用文写作之活动介绍)
②Through the ceremony,we are aware that we should study harder .
(in reward for)
③Through the ceremony,we are aware that we should study harder .
(as a reward for)
④Through the ceremony,we are aware that we should study harder .
(reward sb for sth)
【答案】 (1)①a rewarding experience;reward others with their kindness (2)②in reward for the patient instructions of our parents and teachers ③as a reward for the patient instructions of our parents and teachers ④to reward our parents and teachers for their patient instructions
·reward sb with sth用……奖赏/回报某人
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事奖励某人
·in reward (=in return) 作为回报/报答
in reward for (=in return for) 作为对……的报答/奖赏
as a reward for (doing) sth作为对(做)某事的报酬/奖赏
reward表示“奖赏;酬谢”,指对有功绩的人的报答或酬谢;award作名词指正式或官方“颁发或授予的奖章、奖金等”,作动词指正式地或官方地颁发、授予,常用搭配award sb sth。
5.influential adj.有影响力的
influence v.& n.影响
[语境运用] 语境串词/一句多译
(1)①我父亲是最有影响力的医生之一,在他的影响下,我从小就对医学感兴趣。也就是说,是他影响了我进入这个领域。
My father was one of the most ,and him,I was into medicine from an early age.That was to say,it is he who the field.
(2)父母的行为对孩子有很大的影响,因为孩子经常以父母为榜样。
②Parents’ behaviours their children, because kids often model after them.(influence n.)
③Parents’ behaviours their children, because kids often model after them.(influence v.)
【答案】 (1)①influential doctors;under the influence of;influenced me to step into/enter (2)②have a great influence on/upon ③greatly influence
·be influential in (doing) sth对(做)某事有影响
·influence sb to do sth影响某人去做某事
·have an influence on/upon (=have an effect on/upon)对……有影响
under the influence of在……的影响下
6.put...at risk 使……处于危险中
[语境运用] 完成句子/语境串词
(1)①当我回忆起那次经历时,我明白了我永远不应该把自己置于危险之中。(读后续写之主题升华)
As I recalled that experience,it dawned on me that I should never .
②她冒着失去平衡的风险走在结冰的小路上。
She when walking on the icy path.
(2)③冒着失去生命的危险,他小心翼翼地走进了未知的丛林。尽管冒着遇到危险的野生动物的风险,但他坚持不懈,不顾一切地寻找走失的孩子们。
losing his life,he stepped into the unknown jungle carefully.
Though encountering dangerous wildlife,he persevered to find the lost children .
【答案】 (1)①put myself at risk ②risked losing her balance (2)③Running/Taking the risk of;at the risk of;at all risks
·risk doing sth 冒险做某事
·at the risk of (doing) sth 冒着(做)某事的危险
run/take the risk of (doing) sth 冒着(做)某事的危险
at all risks 无论如何;冒着一切危险
·risky adj.有危险的,有风险的
that引导的表语从句
[教材原句] The bad news is that there is still a long way to go.
坏消息是还有很长的路要走。
[语境运用] 完成句子
①使我不安的是,在这个暴风雨的夜晚,我的儿子还没有到家。
What disturbed me was on this stormy night.
②我想知道的是我们如何获得更多的资源,以确保项目的成功。
What I want to know is to ensure the project’s success.
③目前的问题是我们是否有足够的时间在考试前完成复习。
The question at hand is before the exams.
④看起来她好像一直在不停地练习舞蹈动作。
It looks non-stop.
⑤我给你们的建议是,不要随便在网上泄露你们的个人信息。(应用文写作之建议信)
The advice I give you is online casually.
【答案】 ①that my son had not yet arrived home ②how we can have access to more resources ③whether we have enough time to finish our revision ④as if she’s been practising her dance moves ⑤that you should not give away your personal information
that和what引导表语从句的区别
①that引导表语从句时,在从句中不作成分,但一般不能省略。
②what引导表语从句时,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语等成分。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago.When I saw the tragic scenes on the news,I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.There are no borders for doctors,for patients or for anyone else involved in 1. (combat) this terrible disease.
My mission was 2. (relieve) Emma,a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.She introduced me 3. some of the others working for or alongside MSF.For example,Wilton,a young local man,who helped carry the very sick into the treatment clinic and 4. (disinfect) clothing and surfaces.With each person I met,I felt 5. growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team,6. devotion to the cause shone from their eyes.
Since then,I have come to know these people very well.We have worked together,7. (surround) by blood,vomit and death.Although the death rate is very high,we will never give up on a patient,and our efforts do sometimes end in 8. (miracle).
It is so 9. (inspire) to have colleagues like Wilton,Maisy and Alfonso,not to mention all the others I have worked with.In a world still facing so many problems,it is 10. (absolute) essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
【答案】 1.combating 2.to relieve 3.to 4.disinfected 5.a 6.whose 7.surrounded 8.miracles 9.inspiring 10.absolutely
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·全国甲卷)I was very impressed by the doctors and their (assist) working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned.
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a
(reward) experience.
3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)For well over a hundred years the most (influence) English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755.
4.(2022·浙江1月卷)Kim Cobb,a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta,is one of a small but growing (minor) of academics who are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
5.Operate the electrical appliance following the instructions attached in the box,or you’ll put yourself risk.
6.Mike told me yesterday that he had been looking for a job in the art gallery,but vain.
7.The young workers brought some sparkling new suggestions for improving our product.
8.When in trouble,we should look the future,which will give enough hope and confidence to move forward.
9.The teacher’s selfless (devote) to the cause of education is well known,and all her students respect and love her.
【答案】 1.assistants 2.rewarding 3.influential 4.minority 5.at 6.in 7.forth 8.to 9.devotion
假设你校英语报“Intercultural Communication”栏目正在征集稿件,请你写一篇短文投稿,谈一谈文化交流的重要性。
1.交流,一种用于表达你自己的极其重要的手段,有不同的表达方式。(vital)
Communication,a vital means of expressing yourself,has different ways of expression.
2.不同的表达方式取决于你所属的文化。(depend on;belong to)
Different ways of expression depend on the culture you belong to.
3.不同的文化会令人产生一种困惑不安的感觉,称为文化冲击。(bring about;culture shock)
Different cultures can bring about a feeling of confusion and anxiety,known as culture shock.
4.这种冲击可能会导致你与他人之间的分歧,并改变你表达自己的方式。(bring forth;division)
This shock may bring forth divisions between you and others and change the way you express yourself.
5.交流是应对文化冲击的重要途径。(tackle)
Communication is an important way to tackle culture shock.
6.不同国家的交流方式不同。(vary)
The way of communication varies in different countries.
7.因此,为了避免一些误解,你最好了解不同文化的某些方面。(动词不定式作目的状语)
So,to avoid some misunderstandings,you had better know some aspects of different cultures.
8.除此之外,你也可以调整自己的思维方式来弥补这种差异。(compensate)
Besides,you can also adjust your way of thinking to compensate for this difference.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用定语从句进行改写升级。
Communication,a vital means of expressing yourself,has different ways of expression,which depend on the culture you belong to.
2.将第4句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
This shock may bring forth divisions between you and others,changing the way you express yourself.
[连句成篇]
Communication,a vital means of expressing yourself,has different ways of expression,which depend on the culture you belong to.Different cultures can bring about a feeling of confusion and anxiety,known as culture shock.This shock may bring forth divisions between you and others,changing the way you express munication is an important way to tackle culture shock.The way of communication varies in different countries.So,to avoid some misunderstandings,you had better know some aspects of different cultures.Besides,you can also adjust your way of thinking to compensate for this difference.
(提示:线训练见P138)
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Unit 4 Breaking boundaries
1.assist v.协助,帮助
assistant n.助手,助理
adj.副的;助理的
assistance n.帮助,援助
[语境运用] 语境串词/完成句子
(1)①After the earthquake,the emergency crews, by the
,were busy searching for survivors.Their helped a lot in saving people’s lives.(assist)
(2)②我写这封信是为了表达我真诚的谢意,感谢您在英语口语方面对我的帮助。(应用文写作之感谢信)
I am writing to express my sincere thanks for your
.
assisted
assistants
assistance
assisting me in/with my
oral/spoken English
③约翰在徒步旅行时跌倒了,但幸运的是,一位好心的陌生人过来帮助他,迅速把他扶了起来。在这位陌生人的帮助下,约翰安全地回来了。(读后续写之场景描写)
John fell while hiking,but luckily,a kind stranger ,
quickly . the stranger,John made his way safely back.
came to his assistance
assisting him to get up/in getting up
With the assistance of
·assist sb in/with sth 在某事上帮助某人
assist sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事
assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
·with the assistance of 在……的帮助下
come/go to one’s assistance 来/去帮助某人
2.vital adj.极其重要的,必不可少的;生气勃勃的
[语境运用] 熟词生义/完成句子/一句多译
(1)①As far as I am concerned,school should be a place that assists children to live a vital life.
生气勃勃的
(2)②在过去的一年中,我们都忙着准备高考,这场考试对于大多数中国学生而言都至关重要。(应用文写作之告知信)
Over the past year,we have been busy preparing for the College Entrance Examination,which most Chinese students.
is vital for/to
(3)为了保持健康,均衡饮食对我们来说是至关重要的。
③ in order to keep healthy.(it is vital to do sth)
④ in order to keep healthy.
[it is vital that...(should) do sth]
⑤ in order to keep healthy.(be of vital importance)
It is vital for us to have a balanced diet
It is vital that we (should) have a balanced diet
It is of vital importance that we (should) have a balanced diet
be vital for/to 对……是极其重要/必不可少的
it is vital to do sth 做某事是至关重要的
it is vital that...(should) do sth ……做某事是至关重要的
be of vital importance 至关重要
3.minority n.少数派;少数
minor adj.较小的;次要的;轻微的
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①Body language is an unspoken language and different (minority) have different body language.
②School is our second home where we spend the (major) of time living and learning.
minorities
majority
(2)③只有少数学生在操场上打篮球,而观看他们的人占大多数。
Only ,
while the people watching them are .
a minority of students are playing basketball on the playground
in a/the majority
·a/the minority of 少数……(后跟名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与of后的名词的单复数一致)
in a/the minority/majority占少数/多数(作表语或定语)
·majority n.大多数;大部分
·major adj.主要的;重要的;大部分的
4.rewarding adj.值得做的,有意义的
reward v.奖励,奖赏;给以报酬
n.回报;奖励;报酬
[语境运用] 完成句子/一句多译
(1)①帮助别人是一种有益的经历,我希望那些被别人帮助过的人也能以他们的善良回报别人。(读后续写之主题升华)
Helping others is ,and I hope that those helped by others can also .
a rewarding experience
reward others with their kindness
(2)通过这个仪式,我们意识到我们应该更加努力学习,以回报父母和老师的耐心教导。 (应用文写作之活动介绍)
②Through the ceremony,we are aware that we should study harder
.
(in reward for)
in reward for the patient instructions of our parents and teachers
③Through the ceremony,we are aware that we should study harder
.
(as a reward for)
④Through the ceremony,we are aware that we should study harder
.
(reward sb for sth)
as a reward for the patient instructions of our parents and teachers
to reward our parents and teachers for their patient instructions
·reward sb with sth用……奖赏/回报某人
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事奖励某人
·in reward (=in return) 作为回报/报答
in reward for (=in return for) 作为对……的报答/奖赏
as a reward for (doing) sth作为对(做)某事的报酬/奖赏
reward表示“奖赏;酬谢”,指对有功绩的人的报答或酬谢;award作名词指正式或官方“颁发或授予的奖章、奖金等”,作动词指正式地或官方地颁发、授予,常用搭配award sb sth。
5.influential adj.有影响力的
influence v.& n.影响
[语境运用] 语境串词/一句多译
(1)①我父亲是最有影响力的医生之一,在他的影响下,我从小就对医学感兴趣。也就是说,是他影响了我进入这个领域。
My father was one of the most ,and
him,I was into medicine from an early age.That was to say,it is he who
the field.
influential doctors
under the influence of
influenced me to step into/enter
(2)父母的行为对孩子有很大的影响,因为孩子经常以父母为榜样。
②Parents’ behaviours their children, because kids often model after them.(influence n.)
③Parents’ behaviours their children, because kids often model after them.(influence v.)
have a great influence on/upon
greatly influence
·be influential in (doing) sth对(做)某事有影响
·influence sb to do sth影响某人去做某事
·have an influence on/upon (=have an effect on/upon)对……有影响
under the influence of在……的影响下
6.put...at risk 使……处于危险中
[语境运用] 完成句子/语境串词
(1)①当我回忆起那次经历时,我明白了我永远不应该把自己置于危险之中。(读后续写之主题升华)
As I recalled that experience,it dawned on me that I should never .
②她冒着失去平衡的风险走在结冰的小路上。
She when walking on the icy path.
put myself at risk
risked losing her balance
(2)③冒着失去生命的危险,他小心翼翼地走进了未知的丛林。尽管冒着遇到危险的野生动物的风险,但他坚持不懈,不顾一切地寻找走失的孩子们。
losing his life,he stepped into the unknown jungle carefully.Though encountering dangerous wildlife,he persevered to find the lost children .
Running/Taking the risk of
at the risk of
at all risks
·risk doing sth 冒险做某事
·at the risk of (doing) sth 冒着(做)某事的危险
run/take the risk of (doing) sth 冒着(做)某事的危险
at all risks 无论如何;冒着一切危险
·risky adj.有危险的,有风险的
that引导的表语从句
[教材原句] The bad news is that there is still a long way to go.
坏消息是还有很长的路要走。
[语境运用] 完成句子
①使我不安的是,在这个暴风雨的夜晚,我的儿子还没有到家。
What disturbed me was on this stormy night.
that my son had not yet arrived home
②我想知道的是我们如何获得更多的资源,以确保项目的成功。
What I want to know is to ensure the project’s success.
③目前的问题是我们是否有足够的时间在考试前完成复习。
The question at hand is before the exams.
how we can have access to more resources
whether we have enough time to finish our revision
④看起来她好像一直在不停地练习舞蹈动作。
It looks non-stop.
⑤我给你们的建议是,不要随便在网上泄露你们的个人信息。(应用文写作之建议信)
The advice I give you is
online casually.
as if she’s been practising her dance moves
that you should not give away your personal
information
that和what引导表语从句的区别
①that引导表语从句时,在从句中不作成分,但一般不能省略。
②what引导表语从句时,在从句中作主语、宾语或表语等成分。
单元能力·提升自测
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago.When I saw the tragic scenes on the news,I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.There are no borders for doctors,for patients or for anyone else involved in 1. (combat) this terrible disease.
combating
My mission was 2. (relieve) Emma,a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.She introduced me 3. some of the others working for or alongside MSF.For example,Wilton,a young local man,who helped carry the very sick into the treatment clinic and
4. (disinfect) clothing and surfaces.With each person I met,I felt
5. growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team,
6. devotion to the cause shone from their eyes.
to relieve
to
disinfected
a
whose
Since then,I have come to know these people very well.We have worked together,7. (surround) by blood,vomit and death.Although the death rate is very high,we will never give up on a patient,and our efforts do sometimes end in 8. (miracle).
surrounded
miracles
It is so 9. (inspire) to have colleagues like Wilton,Maisy and Alfonso,not to mention all the others I have worked with.In a world still facing so many problems,it is 10. (absolute) essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
inspiring
absolutely
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·全国甲卷)I was very impressed by the doctors and their (assist) working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned.
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a (reward) experience.
assistants
rewarding
3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)For well over a hundred years the most
(influence) English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755.
4.(2022·浙江1月卷)Kim Cobb,a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta,is one of a small but growing (minor) of academics who are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
influential
minority
5.Operate the electrical appliance following the instructions attached in the box,or you’ll put yourself risk.
6.Mike told me yesterday that he had been looking for a job in the art gallery,but vain.
7.The young workers brought some sparkling new suggestions for improving our product.
at
in
forth
8.When in trouble,we should look the future,which will give enough hope and confidence to move forward.
9.The teacher’s selfless (devote) to the cause of education is well known,and all her students respect and love her.
to
devotion
微写作
投稿征文——跨文化沟通——文化交流的重要性
假设你校英语报“Intercultural Communication”栏目正在征集稿件,请你写一篇短文投稿,谈一谈文化交流的重要性。
1.交流,一种用于表达你自己的极其重要的手段,有不同的表达方式。(vital)
Communication,a vital means of expressing yourself,has different ways of expression.
2.不同的表达方式取决于你所属的文化。(depend on;belong to)
Different ways of expression depend on the culture you belong to.
3.不同的文化会令人产生一种困惑不安的感觉,称为文化冲击。(bring about;culture shock)
Different cultures can bring about a feeling of confusion and anxiety, known as culture shock.
4.这种冲击可能会导致你与他人之间的分歧,并改变你表达自己的方式。(bring forth;division)
This shock may bring forth divisions between you and others and change the way you express yourself.
5.交流是应对文化冲击的重要途径。(tackle)
Communication is an important way to tackle culture shock.
6.不同国家的交流方式不同。(vary)
The way of communication varies in different countries.
7.因此,为了避免一些误解,你最好了解不同文化的某些方面。(动词不定式作目的状语)
So,to avoid some misunderstandings,you had better know some aspects of different cultures.
8.除此之外,你也可以调整自己的思维方式来弥补这种差异。(compensate)
Besides,you can also adjust your way of thinking to compensate for this difference.
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用定语从句进行改写升级。
Communication,a vital means of expressing yourself,has different ways of expression,which depend on the culture you belong to.
2.将第4句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
This shock may bring forth divisions between you and others,changing the way you express yourself.
[连句成篇]
Communication,a vital means of expressing yourself,has different ways of expression,which depend on the culture you belong to.Different cultures can bring about a feeling of confusion and anxiety,known as culture shock.This shock may bring forth divisions between you and others,changing the way you express yourself.
Communication is an important way to tackle culture shock.The way of communication varies in different countries.So,to avoid some misunderstandings,you had better know some aspects of different cultures.Besides,you can also adjust your way of thinking to compensate for this difference.
读后续写微技能
点训练——“尴尬、羞愧”
