Unit 5 Learning from nature
1.respond v.作出反应;回复,回答
response n.回答;反应
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/句型转换
(1)①“I will never do that again,” he responded me with tears of regret in his eyes.
②The manager to the complaints about the product,but the customers were not satisfied with the .(respond)
(2)③Lang Ping didn’t respond to the question that reporter asked.
→Lang Ping the question that reporter asked.
【答案】 (1)①to ②responded;response (2)③made no response to
·respond to响应;对……作出反应;回答
·in response to作为对……的回应
make (no) response to...对……(不)给予回答
2.employ v.使用,运用;雇用
employment n.工作;职业;受雇
employee n.受雇者;雇工
employer n.雇用者;雇主
[语境运用] 语境串词/句型转换
(1)①The rate has increased recently.The reason is that a lot of companies want to
enough workers.Also, offer higher pay to the qualified .(employ)
(2)②I employed myself in/was employed in preparing for the writing competition on a daily basis and I couldn’t spare any time to play around.
→ ,
I couldn’t spare any time to play around.(过去分词作状语)
→ ,
I couldn’t spare any time to play around.(现在分词作状语)
【答案】 (1)①employment;employ;employers;employees
(2)②Employed in preparing for the writing competition on a daily basis;Employing myself in preparing for the writing competition on a daily basis
·employ sb to do sth雇用某人做某事
employ/hire sb as (=take on sb as)聘某人担任
employ oneself in doing sth(=be employed in doing sth=be busy in doing sth=be engaged in doing sth)忙于做某事
·out of employment失业
3.ease n.舒适,悠闲
v.(使)减轻,缓解
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)①Young as he is,the new worker can be ease with the manager who works with him.
②I like sharing stories with my students because it helps the students feel more ease with me.
③With the help of the Internet,we can obtain many learning materials ease.
(2)④起初他有点紧张,但是观众热情的掌声很快使他放松了下来。(读后续写之场景描写)
【答案】 (1)①at ②at ③with
(2)④He was a bit nervous at first but the audience’s warm applause soon put him at ease.
·be/feel at (one’s) ease感到舒适;感到自在
with ease轻易地;毫不费力地
at ease with不拘束,放松
put sb at ease使某人不受拘束;使某人舒适;使某人自在
·ease sb of sth减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)
4.evaluate v.评估,评价
evaluation n.评价;估计,评估
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①We must evaluate her ability her work.
②After routine (evaluate),he was appointed as a full professor.
(2)③Our research attempts to (对不同药物的疗效进行评估).
④The firefighters must
(评估) the consequences caused by the fire.
【答案】 (1)①by/on ②evaluation (2)③evaluate the effectiveness of different drugs ④evaluate/make an evaluation of
·evaluate sth对某物进行评价/评估
evaluate sb/sth by/on...根据……评价某人/事
·make an evaluation of 对……进行评估
5.take...for granted 认为……理所当然
[语境运用] 语境串词/完成句子
(1)①上个月负责演讲活动时,我充分利用每个向同学们征求意见的机会,因此我完美地组织了这次活动。我的所有同学都以我为荣。
When I the speech activity last month,I every chance to ask my classmates for their opinions so that I organised the activity perfectly.All of my classmates me.
(2)②不要想当然地认为你能把这项工作做得十分完美;认真对待它,并做好充分准备。(应用文写作之建议信)
You should not perfectly.
.
【答案】 (1)①took charge of;took full advantage of;took pride in
(2)②take it for granted that you can do the work;Take it seriously and make enough preparations
take...seriously认真对待……
take one’s time不用急;慢慢来
take pride in以……为豪
take charge of负责,掌管
take advantage of利用
6.in return for 作为……的回报
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I gave him my favourite book in return his timely help.
②He spends too much time on maths,and this turn affects the progress of his other subjects.
③The two sisters took care of their sick mother turns.
(2)④我在您的指导下获得了第一名。我会更加努力工作以回报您耐心的指导。(应用文写作之感谢信)
I got first place under your guidance. .
【答案】 (1)①for ②in ③by
(2)④I will work harder in return for your patient guidance
in return作为报答;作为回应
in turn依次;反过来
by turns轮流地;交替地
非谓语动词作主语
[教材原句] Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
创造这样的建筑物能够使我们与我们的环境更和谐地相处。
[语境运用] 完成句子
①不采取行动而只是抱怨是没用的。(应用文写作之建议信)
It’s no use just .
②每天读英语是一个提高语言技能的好方法。
to improve your language skills.
③做早操有利于我们的身体健康。(应用文写作之建议信)
is good for our health.
【答案】 ①complaining without taking action ②Reading English every day is a good way ③To do morning exercise
非谓语动词作主语:动名词和动词不定式均可用作主语。
动名词作主语表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念。不定式作主语常表示具体的某一动作。
动名词和动词不定式作主语时,为了保持句子的平衡,避免头重脚轻,经常用it来作形式主语,把真正的主语后置。
在“There/It+be+no use (good/help/need)”之后常用动名词作主语,但是如果该句型中用了for/of引出动词的逻辑主语,就只能用不定式。
[教材原句] In fact,we are ①so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising ②how much inspiration they have given us.
事实上,我们已经习惯了它们的存在,甚至可能把它们视为理所当然,却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
分析:此句为主从复合句。句中①为 so...that...引导的结果状语从句;②为 how much引导的宾语从句,充当动词 realising的宾语。
[语境运用] 场景句式练习
①然而,我们已经习惯了父母给予我们的爱,甚至可能认为这是理所当然的,却没有意识到他们给了我们多少关怀。
However,we are so used to our parents’ love for us that we may even take it for granted without realising how much care they have given us.
②他们已经习惯于浪费宝贵的时间,甚至可能认为这是理所当然的,而没有意识到浪费时间造成了多大的损失。
They are so used to wasting precious time that they may even take it for granted without realising how much loss wasting time has caused.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Nature has inspired many fascinating designs 1. architecture.Singapore’s ArtScience Museum,2. (shape) to resemble a lotus flower,was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment.Visitors are often amazed to find 3. (they) in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce 4. (inspire) to create Harare’s Eastgate Centre while 5. (watch) a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests.The design reduces the need for 6. (tradition) air conditioning and heating systems,so the building uses 7. (little) energy and costs less to run.The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg,Germany,whose surface is covered in panels 8. contain algae.The building therefore not only uses less energy,9. also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.Creating such 10. (build) enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
【答案】 1.in 2.shaped 3.themselves 4.was inspired 5.watching 6.traditional 7.less 8.that/which 9.but 10.buildings
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)With so many online posts featuring the same places,it’s (ease) to feel like you’re missing out.
2.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)In more technical terms,the (wise) of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.
3.In literature,the swan has been a symbol of (pure) and virtue.
4.He has a brilliant working attitude and is definitely the type of (employ) we are looking for.
5.For the first few months after Daniel died,I was in a state of (depress).
6.Please hand in your keys at reception on your (depart) from the hotel.
7.The commander ordered an immediate (withdraw) of the troops from this area.
8.She couldn’t come up with a solution the problem,so she turned to me for help.
9.Good friends help you achieve your goals.Don’t take them granted.Show your appreciation generously.
10.He resigned head of department from the company after eight years of selfless work.
【答案】 1.easy 2.wisdom 3.purity 4.employee 5.depression 6.departure 7.withdrawal 8.to 9.for 10.as
假设你是李华,请根据“揠苗助长”的故事用英语写一篇短文。
1.“揠苗助长”这个成语的意思是“试图通过拔苗帮助幼苗生长”。(mean)
The set phrase “ya miao zhu zhang” means “trying to help seedlings grow by pulling them up”.
2.宋国的一个人对他的幼苗生长缓慢感到不安。(at ease with)
A man in the Song State was not at ease with the slow growth of his seedlings.
3.他想寻求解决办法。(seek solutions to)
He wanted to seek solutions to it.
4.最终,他得到了灵感,一个接一个地把它们往上拔。(take inspirations)
At last,he took inspirations and pulled them up one by one.
5.他想当然地认为这样他的幼苗可以长得更快。(take it for granted)
He took it for granted that his seedlings could grow faster in this way.
6.然而,当他的儿子听到这件事时,他跑去一看,发现所有的秧苗都枯死了。(only to find)
However,when his son heard this,he ran to take a look,only to find all the seedlings dried up and died.
7.这个成语告诉我们,尊重自然法则,我们才能与自然和谐相处,并作为回报从中受益。(in harmony with;in return)
The set phrase tells us:when we respect the laws of nature we can live in harmony with nature and benefit from it in return.
[句式升级]
1.将第2句和第3句用定语从句进行改写升级。
A man in the Song State,who was not at ease with the slow growth of his seedlings,wanted to seek solutions to it.
2.将第4句和第5句用非谓语进行改写升级。
At last, he took inspirations and pulled them up one by one,taking it for granted that his seedlings could grow faster in this way.
3.将第7句用部分倒装进行改写升级。
The set phrase tells us:only when we respect the laws of nature can we live in harmony with nature and benefit from it in return.
[连句成篇]
The set phrase “ya miao zhu zhang” means “trying to help seedlings grow by pulling them up”.
A man in the Song State,who was not at ease with the slow growth of his seedlings,
wanted to seek solutions to it.At last,he took inspirations and pulled them up one by one,
taking it for granted that his seedlings could grow faster in this way.However,when his son heard this,he ran to take a look,only to find all the seedlings dried up and died.
The set phrase tells us:only when we respect the laws of nature can we live in harmony with nature and benefit from it in return.
要求:找出下列各句中点训练里出现过的词汇。
简打算独自寻找一个更好的露营地点。一个小时后,让她感到害怕的是,她在森林里迷路了。简跪在地上,悔恨的泪水模糊了她的双眼。她紧握着头发,发出一声后悔的哭喊。“如果我没有和莉莉吵架,没有离开,没有爬到高处,我就不会被困在这个可怕的地方了!”她非常后悔、焦虑,眼含泪水地睡着了。莉莉和警察正在森林里寻找简。最后,他们找到了简。
Jane intended to find a better campsite alone.
An hour later,what alarmed her was that she got lost in the forest.
Jane knelt on the ground,and tears of regret clouded her eyes.
She clutched her hair and uttered a cry of regret.
“If I hadn’t quarrelled with Lily,walked away and climbed to the high place,I wouldn’t have been trapped in this awful place!”
She was quite regretful and anxious,and she fell asleep with tears in her eyes.
Lily and the police were searching the forest for Jane.Finally,they found Jane.
要求:根据括号中的提示完成句式升级。
Jane intended to find a better campsite alone.An hour later,what alarmed her was that she got lost in the forest.Jane knelt on the ground,①with tears of regret clouding her eyes (with复合结构).②Clutching her hair(现在分词作状语),she uttered a cry of regret.“③Hadn’t I quarrelled with Lily (虚拟语气倒装句式),walked away and climbed to the high place,I wouldn’t have been trapped in this awful place!”④Quite regretful and anxious (形容词短语作状语),she fell asleep with tears in her eyes.Lily and the police were searching the forest for Jane.Finally,they found Jane.
(提示:面训练见P169)
(
第
9
页
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Unit 5 Learning from nature
1.respond v.作出反应;回复,回答
response n.回答;反应
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/句型转换
(1)①“I will never do that again,” he responded me with tears of regret in his eyes.
②The manager to the complaints about the product,but the customers were not satisfied with the .(respond)
to
responded
response
(2)③Lang Ping didn’t respond to the question that reporter asked.
→Lang Ping the question that reporter asked.
made no response to
·respond to响应;对……作出反应;回答
·in response to作为对……的回应
make (no) response to...对……(不)给予回答
2.employ v.使用,运用;雇用
employment n.工作;职业;受雇
employee n.受雇者;雇工
employer n.雇用者;雇主
[语境运用] 语境串词/句型转换
(1)①The rate has increased recently.The reason is that a lot of companies want to enough workers.Also, offer higher pay to the qualified .(employ)
employment
employ
employers
employees
(2)②I employed myself in/was employed in preparing for the writing competition on a daily basis and I couldn’t spare any time to play around.
→ ,
I couldn’t spare any time to play around.(过去分词作状语)
→ ,
I couldn’t spare any time to play around.(现在分词作状语)
Employed in preparing for the writing competition on a daily basis
Employing myself in preparing for the writing competition on a daily basis
·employ sb to do sth雇用某人做某事
employ/hire sb as (=take on sb as)聘某人担任
employ oneself in doing sth(=be employed in doing sth=be busy in doing sth=
be engaged in doing sth)忙于做某事
·out of employment失业
3.ease n.舒适,悠闲
v.(使)减轻,缓解
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/翻译句子
(1)①Young as he is,the new worker can be ease with the manager who works with him.
②I like sharing stories with my students because it helps the students feel more ease with me.
at
at
③With the help of the Internet,we can obtain many learning materials
ease.
(2)④起初他有点紧张,但是观众热情的掌声很快使他放松了下来。
(读后续写之场景描写)
with
He was a bit nervous at first but the audience’s warm applause soon put him at ease.
·be/feel at (one’s) ease感到舒适;感到自在
with ease轻易地;毫不费力地
at ease with不拘束,放松
put sb at ease使某人不受拘束;使某人舒适;使某人自在
·ease sb of sth减轻某人的(痛苦、负担等)
4.evaluate v.评估,评价
evaluation n.评价;估计,评估
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①We must evaluate her ability her work.
②After routine (evaluate),he was appointed as a full professor.
by/on
evaluation
(2)③Our research attempts to
(对不同药物的疗效进行评估).
④The firefighters must (评估) the consequences caused by the fire.
evaluate the effectiveness of different drugs
evaluate/make an evaluation of
·evaluate sth对某物进行评价/评估
evaluate sb/sth by/on...根据……评价某人/事
·make an evaluation of 对……进行评估
5.take...for granted 认为……理所当然
[语境运用] 语境串词/完成句子
(1)①上个月负责演讲活动时,我充分利用每个向同学们征求意见的机会,因此我完美地组织了这次活动。我的所有同学都以我为荣。
When I the speech activity last month,I
every chance to ask my classmates for their opinions so that I organised the activity perfectly.All of my classmates me.
took charge of
took full
advantage of
took pride in
(2)②不要想当然地认为你能把这项工作做得十分完美;认真对待它,并做好充分准备。(应用文写作之建议信)
You should not perfectly.
.
take it for granted that you can do the work
Take it seriously and make enough preparations
take...seriously认真对待……
take one’s time不用急;慢慢来
take pride in以……为豪
take charge of负责,掌管
take advantage of利用
6.in return for 作为……的回报
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I gave him my favourite book in return his timely help.
②He spends too much time on maths,and this turn affects the progress of his other subjects.
③The two sisters took care of their sick mother turns.
for
in
by
(2)④我在您的指导下获得了第一名。我会更加努力工作以回报您耐心的指导。(应用文写作之感谢信)
I got first place under your guidance.
.
patient guidance
I will work harder in return for your
in return作为报答;作为回应
in turn依次;反过来
by turns轮流地;交替地
非谓语动词作主语
[教材原句] Creating buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
创造这样的建筑物能够使我们与我们的环境更和谐地相处。
[语境运用] 完成句子
①不采取行动而只是抱怨是没用的。(应用文写作之建议信)
It’s no use just .
②每天读英语是一个提高语言技能的好方法。
to improve your language skills.
③做早操有利于我们的身体健康。(应用文写作之建议信)
is good for our health.
complaining without taking action
Reading English every day is a good way
To do morning exercise
非谓语动词作主语:动名词和动词不定式均可用作主语。
动名词作主语表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念。不定式作主语常表示具体的某一动作。
动名词和动词不定式作主语时,为了保持句子的平衡,避免头重脚轻,经常用it来作形式主语,把真正的主语后置。
在“There/It+be+no use (good/help/need)”之后常用动名词作主语,但是如果该句型中用了for/of引出动词的逻辑主语,就只能用不定式。
长难句分析
事实上,我们已经习惯了它们的存在,甚至可能把它们视为理所当然,却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。
[教材原句] In fact,we are ①so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising ②how much inspiration they have given us.
分析:此句为主从复合句。句中①为 so...that...引导的结果状语从句;
②为 how much引导的宾语从句,充当动词 realising的宾语。
[语境运用] 场景句式练习
①然而,我们已经习惯了父母给予我们的爱,甚至可能认为这是理所当然的,却没有意识到他们给了我们多少关怀。
However,we are so used to our parents’ love for us that we may even take it for granted without realising how much care they have given us.
②他们已经习惯于浪费宝贵的时间,甚至可能认为这是理所当然的,而没有意识到浪费时间造成了多大的损失。
They are so used to wasting precious time that they may even take it for granted without realising how much loss wasting time has caused.
单元能力·提升自测
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Nature has inspired many fascinating designs 1. architecture.
Singapore’s ArtScience Museum,2. (shape) to resemble a lotus flower,was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment.Visitors are often amazed to find 3. (they) in an urban building that so truly captures the beauty of natural forms.
in
shaped
themselves
Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce 4. (inspire) to create Harare’s Eastgate Centre while 5. (watch) a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests.The design reduces the need for 6. (tradition) air conditioning and heating systems,so the building uses 7. (little) energy and costs less to run.
was inspired
watching
traditional
less
The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg,Germany,whose surface is covered in panels 8. contain algae.The building therefore not only uses less energy,9. also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.Creating such
10. (build) enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
that/which
but
buildings
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)With so many online posts featuring the same places,it’s (ease) to feel like you’re missing out.
2.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)In more technical terms,the (wise) of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.
3.In literature,the swan has been a symbol of (pure) and virtue.
easy
wisdom
purity
4.He has a brilliant working attitude and is definitely the type of
(employ) we are looking for.
5.For the first few months after Daniel died,I was in a state of
(depress).
6.Please hand in your keys at reception on your (depart) from the hotel.
employee
depression
departure
7.The commander ordered an immediate (withdraw) of the troops from this area.
8.She couldn’t come up with a solution the problem,so she turned to me for help.
withdrawal
to
9.Good friends help you achieve your goals.Don’t take them granted.
Show your appreciation generously.
10.He resigned head of department from the company after eight years of selfless work.
for
as
微写作
夹叙夹议文——人与动植物——“揠苗助长”
假设你是李华,请根据“揠苗助长”的故事用英语写一篇短文。
1.“揠苗助长”这个成语的意思是“试图通过拔苗帮助幼苗生长”。(mean)
The set phrase “ya miao zhu zhang” means “trying to help seedlings grow by pulling them up”.
2.宋国的一个人对他的幼苗生长缓慢感到不安。(at ease with)
A man in the Song State was not at ease with the slow growth of his seedlings.
3.他想寻求解决办法。(seek solutions to)
He wanted to seek solutions to it.
4.最终,他得到了灵感,一个接一个地把它们往上拔。(take inspirations)
At last,he took inspirations and pulled them up one by one.
5.他想当然地认为这样他的幼苗可以长得更快。(take it for granted)
He took it for granted that his seedlings could grow faster in this way.
6.然而,当他的儿子听到这件事时,他跑去一看,发现所有的秧苗都枯死了。(only to find)
However,when his son heard this,he ran to take a look,only to find all the seedlings dried up and died.
7.这个成语告诉我们,尊重自然法则,我们才能与自然和谐相处,并作为回报从中受益。(in harmony with;in return)
The set phrase tells us:when we respect the laws of nature we can live in harmony with nature and benefit from it in return.
[句式升级]
1.将第2句和第3句用定语从句进行改写升级。
A man in the Song State,who was not at ease with the slow growth of his seedlings,wanted to seek solutions to it.
2.将第4句和第5句用非谓语进行改写升级。
At last, he took inspirations and pulled them up one by one,taking it for granted that his seedlings could grow faster in this way.
3.将第7句用部分倒装进行改写升级。
The set phrase tells us:only when we respect the laws of nature can we live in harmony with nature and benefit from it in return.
[连句成篇]
The set phrase “ya miao zhu zhang” means “trying to help seedlings grow by pulling them up”.
A man in the Song State,who was not at ease with the slow growth of his seedlings,wanted to seek solutions to it.At last,he took inspirations and pulled them up one by one,taking it for granted that his seedlings could grow faster in this way.However,when his son heard this,he ran to take a look,only to find all the seedlings dried up and died.
The set phrase tells us:only when we respect the laws of nature can we live in harmony with nature and benefit from it in return.
读后续写微技能
线训练——“后悔、内疚、自责”
要求:找出下列各句中点训练里出现过的词汇。
简打算独自寻找一个更好的露营地点。一个小时后,让她感到害怕的是,她在森林里迷路了。简跪在地上,悔恨的泪水模糊了她的双眼。她紧握着头发,发出一声后悔的哭喊。“如果我没有和莉莉吵架,没有离开,没有爬到高处,我就不会被困在这个可怕的地方了!”她非常后悔、焦虑,眼含泪水地睡着了。莉莉和警察正在森林里寻找简。最后,他们找到了简。
Jane intended to find a better campsite alone.
An hour later,what alarmed her was that she got lost in the forest.
Jane knelt on the ground,and tears of regret clouded her eyes.
She clutched her hair and uttered a cry of regret.
“If I hadn’t quarrelled with Lily,walked away and climbed to the high place,
I wouldn’t have been trapped in this awful place!”
She was quite regretful and anxious,and she fell asleep with tears in her eyes.
Lily and the police were searching the forest for Jane.Finally,they found Jane.
要求:根据括号中的提示完成句式升级。
Jane intended to find a better campsite alone.An hour later,what alarmed her was that she got lost in the forest.Jane knelt on the ground,
①with tears of regret clouding her eyes (with复合结构).②Clutching her hair
(现在分词作状语),she uttered a cry of regret.“③Hadn’t I quarrelled with Lily (虚拟语气倒装句式),walked away and climbed to the high place,I wouldn’t have been trapped in this awful place!”④Quite regretful and anxious (形容词短语作状语),she fell asleep with tears in her eyes.Lily and the police were searching the forest for Jane.Finally,they found Jane.
