Unit 5 Revealing nature
1.suspect v.猜想,怀疑,觉得
n.犯罪嫌疑人,可疑对象
adj.不可信的,可疑的
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The police have eliminated two (suspect) from their investigation.
②What made you suspect Sue breaking the vase
(2)③ (假如你怀疑有煤气泄漏),do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light.
④Some of the evidence they produced (非常可疑).
【答案】 (1)①suspects ②of (2)③If you suspect a gas leak ④was highly suspect
suspect sb/sth怀疑某人/某事
suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做了)某事
suspect sb to be...怀疑某人是……,猜想某人是……
suspect that...怀疑……,猜想……
2.decline v.减少,下降,衰弱,衰退;婉言拒绝
n.减少,下降,衰落,衰退
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The number of tourists to the scenic spot has declined 10% in recent years
only 5 million.
②With her mother to care for,the girl politely declined (picnic) with me on the weekend.
(2)③非常抱歉拒绝你的善意邀请,因为我必须去参加一个会议。(应用文写作之道歉信)
,because I have to attend a meeting.
【答案】 (1)①by;to ②to picnic (2)③I’m very sorry to decline your kind invitation
·in decline=fall/go into (a) decline=on the decline在下降;在衰退;在减少
a sharp decline in...在……方面急剧下降
·decline by...下降了……
decline to... 下降到……
decline to do sth拒绝做某事
3.blame v.责怪,指责;把……归咎于
[语境运用] 完成句子/语境串词
(1)①由于没有按时完成任务而受到责备,这个年轻人羞愧地低下了头。
,the young man lowered his head ashamed.
(2)②在团队合作中,我们必须避免把失败的责任完全推到一个人身上。我们应该认识到,错误往往是共同的,我们也该负责任。不要互相指责,让我们一起努力,从错误中吸取教训,建立一种理解的氛围。
In teamwork,we must avoid one person.We should recognise that mistakes are often shared,and we should also .Instead of ,let’s work together,learn from mistakes and develop an atmosphere of understanding.
【答案】 (1)①Blamed for not meeting the deadline
(2)②blaming failures/putting/laying the blame for failures completely on;be to blame;blaming each other
·blame sb for... 因……而指责某人;把……归咎于某人
blame sth on sb把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth) (对某事)负有责任;应承担责任;该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
·take the blame for sth (应该)对某事承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth on sb将某事归咎于某人
4.link v.把……联系起来;连接
n.联系;连接;关系;纽带
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The newly built bridge links the north side the south,significantly easing daily commutes for residents.
②There is link between remembering the past and visualising the future.
(2)③在中国文化中,“富贵竹”通常与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。
In Chinese culture,“Lucky Bamboo” plants health,abundance and a happy family.
④女孩们手挽着手肩并肩走着。(读后续写之动作描写)
The girls walked shoulder to shoulder .
【答案】 (1)①to/with/and ②a (2)③are often linked with/to ④with their hands linked
·link...to/with/and...把……和……连接/联系起来
link up (with...) (与……)连接,(与……)结合
be linked to/with...和……连接;和……有联系
·a link between A and B A与B之间的联系/关系
5.drive...away 赶跑;驱车离开;驾车送走
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The family drove into the sunset,starting their long-awaited vacation.
②His passion for traditional Chinese culture drove him (come) to China.(应用文写作之人物介绍)
(2)③她总是抱怨一些无关紧要的小事,这真把我逼疯了。
She always complains about little things that don’t matter,which is really .
【答案】 (1)①off ②to come (2)③driving me mad/crazy
drive off驱车离去;击退,赶走
drive sb to do sth 驱使某人做某事
drive sb mad/crazy 把某人逼疯
1.while用作并列连词
[教材原句] While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites,the wood wide web is linked underground by fungi.
互联网是通过电缆和卫星连接的全球计算机网络,植物万维网则是在地下通过真菌连接而成的。
[语境运用] 完成句子
①当你在做作业的时候,不要听收音机。
Don’t listen to the radio your homework.
②尽管我愿意帮忙,但是我没有多少空闲时间。
,I do not have much time available.
③杰克很勤奋,然而他的弟弟却很懒。
Jack is very diligent, is very lazy.
【答案】 ①while you are doing ②While I am willing to help ③while his younger brother
while还可用作名词,意为“一段时间,一会儿”。
Several years ago,the famous writer put down his pen for a while.
几年前,这位著名的作家有段时间停止了写作。
2.the way作先行词的定语从句
[教材原句] Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.
科学家们每天都在增进对植物间相互沟通的秘密方式的了解。
[语境运用] 完成句子
①在场的所有人都对你处理这种特殊情况的方式表示赞同。
Everyone present approves of this particular situation.
②他向我们解释的方式非常简单。
The way was quite simple.
③我喜欢她笑的样子。(in which)
I like .
【答案】 ①the way you have dealt with ②(that/which) he explained to us ③the way in which she smiles
[教材原句] ①When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835,Darwin saw a variety of new species,but ②it was the birds that interested him the most.
1835年,当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛的时候,达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种,但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。
分析:此句为复合句,主句是Darwin saw a variety of new species,其中①为when引导的时间状语从句,②为强调句,强调主语the birds。
[语境运用] 场景句式练习
①当小女孩匆匆赶回家时,她看到妈妈在焦急地寻找她,但正是妈妈的焦虑让她意识到自己在妈妈心中有多重要。
When the little girl hurried home,she saw her mother anxiously looking for her,but it was her mother’s anxiety that made her realise how important she was in her mother’s heart.
②这家人搬到乡村后,他们遇到了许多动物,但最让他们高兴的是看着鹿在草地上优雅地吃草。
After the family moved to the countryside,they encountered many animals,but it was watching the deer gracefully eating grass on the lawn that brought them the most joy.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
The captain of the ship,the Beagle,wanted someone to profit by 1. (visit) distant countries.Luckily,Darwin got the opportunity,2. he was not the captain’s first choice.Darwin was a geologist and naturalist,3. (fascinate) by rocks,plants and animals.The journey gave him the chance 4. (study) various living things in their natural environments.After Darwin 5. (spend) some time in South America,his room was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.He began to consider the question 6. different species came to exist.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar 7. each other.Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their 8. (change) environments
Darwin decided to find out the truth.In 1835,Darwin saw a variety of new species,but it was the birds that interested him the most.After much research,he came to the 9. (conclude) that new species evolved from earlier ancestors.Darwin explained this theory in his book,On the Origin of Species,which 10. (regard) as one of the most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever,and it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
【答案】 1.visiting 2.although/though 3.fascinated 4.to study 5.had spent 6.how 7.to 8.changing 9.conclusion 10.is regarded
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·全国甲卷)A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), eating small,healthy meals keeps your energy up all day.
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for (detect) shifts in the number and variety of species in an area,a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)People often link their memory of what they’ve read how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.
4.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)We’re trying (generate) a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.
5.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Now list all the (characteristic) you like about yourself.
6.(2022·全国甲卷)Goffin’s cockatoos,a kind of small parrot native Australasia,have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.
7.Of course,shops are not charities—they price goods in the way will make them the most money.
8.The number of visitors to the local park has been decline this year,affecting local businesses.
【答案】 1.while 2.detecting 3.to/with/and 4.to generate 5.characteristics 6.to 7.that/which 8.in
假设你是李华,你想研究一下向日葵从种子到植株的生长过程,请根据下面的提示用英文写一篇观察报告。
1.向日葵原产于北美洲。(be native to)
Sunflowers are native to North America.
2.它们深受人们的欢迎。(popular)
They are very popular with people.
3.一天,我把一些向日葵种子埋进一个盆里,盆里面有些肥沃的泥土。(seed)
One day I buried some sunflower seeds into a pot and there was some rich soil in it.
4.在倒入一些水之后,我开始以极大的耐心观察它们。(pour;observe)
After I had poured some water into it,I began to observe them with great patience.
5.几天后,一些绿色又纤细的嫩芽从土里长出来,看起来非常可爱。(grow;lovely)
Several days later,some green and delicate buds grew out of the soil and they were looking so lovely.
6.我把盆搬到房间里,以防这些幼苗被烈日灼伤。(prevent...from...)
I moved the pot into the room to prevent these young plants from being burnt by the hot sun.
7.当我看到土壤有点干的时候,我又加了一些水。(add)
When I saw the soil was a little dry,I added some water to it again.
8.后来,那些幼苗长成了一些高大、粗壮的植物。(grow into)
Later,those young plants grew into some tall and strong plants.
9.我对那天所看到的感到惊讶。(surprise)
I was surprised at what I saw that day.
10.看着这些种子长成带有巨大黄色花朵的高大植物是多么令人惊奇啊!(amazing)
How amazing it is to watch these seeds become tall plants with large yellow flowers!
[句式升级]
1.将第1句和第2句用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
Sunflowers,which are very popular with people,are native to North America.
2.将第3句用with复合结构进行改写升级。
One day I buried some sunflower seeds into a pot with some rich soil in it.
3.将第5句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
Several days later,some green and delicate buds grew out of the soil,looking so lovely.
[连句成篇]
Sunflowers,which are very popular with people,are native to North America.
One day I buried some sunflower seeds into a pot with some rich soil in it.After I had poured some water into it,I began to observe them with great patience.Several days later,some green and delicate buds grew out of the soil,looking so lovely.I moved the pot into the room to prevent these young plants from being burnt by the hot sun.When I saw the soil was a little dry,I added some water to it again.Later,those young plants grew into some tall and strong plants.I was surprised at what I saw that day. How amazing it is to watch these seeds become tall plants with large yellow flowers!
要求:找出下列各句中点训练里出现过的词汇。
我整夜在床上辗转反侧,无法入睡。到了第二天早上,我匆匆赶到学校,感觉好像我的心都提到嗓子眼儿了。当我站在后台时,紧张感涌上心头。当叫到我的名字时,我感到忐忑不安。我颤抖着双腿走到了舞台上,我能感觉到我的手掌出汗,心跳加速。大厅里挤满了观众,这使我更加不安。我的心怦怦直跳,好像要炸裂似的。
I couldn’t fall asleep,and I tossed and turned in bed for a whole night.
By the next morning,I hurried to school and felt as if my heart were in my mouth.
When I was standing backstage,nervousness came flooding over me.
When my name was called,I could feel butterflies in my stomach.
My trembling legs brought me onstage,and I could feel my palms sweating and my heart racing.
The hall was crowded with audience and it made me even more uneasy.
My heart was pounding hard,as if it were about to pop.
要求:根据括号中的提示完成句式升级。
I couldn’t fall asleep,①tossing and turning in bed for a whole night (现在分词作伴随状语).By the next morning,I hurried to school and felt as if my heart were in my mouth.②As soon as I was standing backstage (as soon as引导状语从句),nervousness came flooding over me.When my name was called,I could feel butterflies in my stomach.My trembling legs brought me onstage,and I could feel my palms sweating and my heart racing.The hall was crowded with audience,③which made me even more uneasy (非限制性定语从句).My heart was pounding hard,as if it were about to pop.
(提示:面训练见P115)
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Unit 5 Revealing nature
1.suspect v.猜想,怀疑,觉得
n.犯罪嫌疑人,可疑对象
adj.不可信的,可疑的
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The police have eliminated two (suspect) from their investigation.
②What made you suspect Sue breaking the vase
suspects
of
(2)③ (假如你怀疑有煤气泄漏),do not strike a match or even turn on an electric light.
④Some of the evidence they produced (非常可疑).
If you suspect a gas leak
was highly suspect
suspect sb/sth怀疑某人/某事
suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人(做了)某事
suspect sb to be...怀疑某人是……,猜想某人是……
suspect that...怀疑……,猜想……
2.decline v.减少,下降,衰弱,衰退;婉言拒绝
n.减少,下降,衰落,衰退
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The number of tourists to the scenic spot has declined 10% in recent years only 5 million.
by
to
②With her mother to care for,the girl politely declined (picnic) with me on the weekend.
(2)③非常抱歉拒绝你的善意邀请,因为我必须去参加一个会议。(应用文写作之道歉信)
,because I have to attend a meeting.
to picnic
I’m very sorry to decline your kind invitation
·in decline=fall/go into (a) decline=on the decline在下降;在衰退;在减少
a sharp decline in...在……方面急剧下降
·decline by...下降了……
decline to... 下降到……
decline to do sth拒绝做某事
3.blame v.责怪,指责;把……归咎于
[语境运用] 完成句子/语境串词
(1)①由于没有按时完成任务而受到责备,这个年轻人羞愧地低下了头。
,the young man lowered his head ashamed.
Blamed for not meeting the deadline
(2)②在团队合作中,我们必须避免把失败的责任完全推到一个人身上。我们应该认识到,错误往往是共同的,我们也该负责任。不要互相指责,让我们一起努力,从错误中吸取教训,建立一种理解的氛围。
In teamwork,we must avoid
one person.We should recognise that mistakes are often shared,and we should also .
Instead of ,let’s work together,learn from mistakes and develop an atmosphere of understanding.
blaming failures/putting/laying the blame for failures completely on
be to blame
blaming each other
·blame sb for... 因……而指责某人;把……归咎于某人
blame sth on sb把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth) (对某事)负有责任;应承担责任;该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
·take the blame for sth (应该)对某事承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth on sb将某事归咎于某人
4.link v.把……联系起来;连接
n.联系;连接;关系;纽带
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The newly built bridge links the north side the south,
significantly easing daily commutes for residents.
②There is link between remembering the past and visualising the future.
to/with/and
a
(2)③在中国文化中,“富贵竹”通常与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在
一起。
In Chinese culture,“Lucky Bamboo” plants health,abundance and a happy family.
④女孩们手挽着手肩并肩走着。(读后续写之动作描写)
The girls walked shoulder to shoulder .
are often linked with/to
with their hands linked
·link...to/with/and...把……和……连接/联系起来
link up (with...) (与……)连接,(与……)结合
be linked to/with...和……连接;和……有联系
·a link between A and B A与B之间的联系/关系
5.drive...away 赶跑;驱车离开;驾车送走
[语境运用] 单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①The family drove into the sunset,starting their long-awaited vacation.
off
②His passion for traditional Chinese culture drove him (come) to China.(应用文写作之人物介绍)
(2)③她总是抱怨一些无关紧要的小事,这真把我逼疯了。
She always complains about little things that don’t matter,which is really
.
to come
driving me mad/crazy
drive off驱车离去;击退,赶走
drive sb to do sth 驱使某人做某事
drive sb mad/crazy 把某人逼疯
1.while用作并列连词
[教材原句] While the Internet is a worldwide network of computers linked by cables and satellites,the wood wide web is linked underground by fungi.
互联网是通过电缆和卫星连接的全球计算机网络,植物万维网则是在地下通过真菌连接而成的。
[语境运用] 完成句子
①当你在做作业的时候,不要听收音机。
Don’t listen to the radio your homework.
②尽管我愿意帮忙,但是我没有多少空闲时间。
,I do not have much time available.
while you are doing
While I am willing to help
③杰克很勤奋,然而他的弟弟却很懒。
Jack is very diligent, is very lazy.
while his younger brother
while还可用作名词,意为“一段时间,一会儿”。
Several years ago,the famous writer put down his pen for a while.
几年前,这位著名的作家有段时间停止了写作。
2.the way作先行词的定语从句
[教材原句] Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other.
科学家们每天都在增进对植物间相互沟通的秘密方式的了解。
[语境运用] 完成句子
①在场的所有人都对你处理这种特殊情况的方式表示赞同。
Everyone present approves of this particular situation.
②他向我们解释的方式非常简单。
The way was quite simple.
the way you have dealt with
(that/which) he explained to us
③我喜欢她笑的样子。(in which)
I like .
the way in which she smiles
长难句分析
1835年,当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛的时候,达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种,但是其中最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。
[教材原句] ①When the Beagle reached the Galápagos Islands in 1835,
Darwin saw a variety of new species,but ②it was the birds that interested him the most.
分析:此句为复合句,主句是Darwin saw a variety of new species,其中①为when引导的时间状语从句,②为强调句,强调主语the birds。
[语境运用] 场景句式练习
①当小女孩匆匆赶回家时,她看到妈妈在焦急地寻找她,但正是妈妈的焦虑让她意识到自己在妈妈心中有多重要。
When the little girl hurried home,she saw her mother anxiously looking for her,but it was her mother’s anxiety that made her realise how important she was in her mother’s heart.
②这家人搬到乡村后,他们遇到了许多动物,但最让他们高兴的是看着鹿在草地上优雅地吃草。
After the family moved to the countryside,they encountered many animals,but it was watching the deer gracefully eating grass on the lawn that brought them the most joy.
The captain of the ship,the Beagle,wanted someone to profit by
1. (visit) distant countries.Luckily,Darwin got the opportunity,
2. he was not the captain’s first choice.Darwin was a geologist and naturalist,3. (fascinate) by rocks,plants and animals.
单元能力·提升自测
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
visiting
although/though
fascinated
The journey gave him the chance 4. (study) various living things in their natural environments.After Darwin 5. (spend) some time in South America,his room was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.He began to consider the question 6. different species came to exist.He noticed that some species of animals were very similar 7. each other.Maybe animals evolved as they adapted to their 8. (change) environments
to study
had spent
how
to
changing
Darwin decided to find out the truth.In 1835,Darwin saw a variety of new species,but it was the birds that interested him the most.After much research,he came to the 9. (conclude) that new species evolved from earlier ancestors.Darwin explained this theory in his book,On the Origin of Species,which 10. (regard) as one of the most important works ever written.It has changed ideas about life on Earth forever,and it all began with the journey on the Beagle.
conclusion
is regarded
1.(2024·全国甲卷)A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢),
eating small,healthy meals keeps your energy up all day.
2.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for (detect) shifts in the number and variety of species in an area,a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
while
detecting
3.(2024·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)People often link their memory of what they’ve read how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.
4.(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷)We’re trying (generate) a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.
to/with/and
to generate
5.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Now list all the (characteristic) you like about yourself.
6.(2022·全国甲卷)Goffin’s cockatoos,a kind of small parrot native
Australasia,have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.
characteristics
to
7.Of course,shops are not charities—they price goods in the way
will make them the most money.
8.The number of visitors to the local park has been decline this year,affecting local businesses.
that/which
in
微写作
观察报告——自然界的奥秘——从种子到植株的生长过程
假设你是李华,你想研究一下向日葵从种子到植株的生长过程,请根据下面的提示用英文写一篇观察报告。
1.向日葵原产于北美洲。(be native to)
Sunflowers are native to North America.
2.它们深受人们的欢迎。(popular)
They are very popular with people.
3.一天,我把一些向日葵种子埋进一个盆里,盆里面有些肥沃的泥土。(seed)
One day I buried some sunflower seeds into a pot and there was some rich soil in it.
4.在倒入一些水之后,我开始以极大的耐心观察它们。(pour;observe)
After I had poured some water into it,I began to observe them with great patience.
5.几天后,一些绿色又纤细的嫩芽从土里长出来,看起来非常可爱。(grow;
lovely)
Several days later,some green and delicate buds grew out of the soil and they were looking so lovely.
6.我把盆搬到房间里,以防这些幼苗被烈日灼伤。(prevent...from...)
I moved the pot into the room to prevent these young plants from being burnt by the hot sun.
7.当我看到土壤有点干的时候,我又加了一些水。(add)
When I saw the soil was a little dry,I added some water to it again.
8.后来,那些幼苗长成了一些高大、粗壮的植物。(grow into)
Later,those young plants grew into some tall and strong plants.
9.我对那天所看到的感到惊讶。(surprise)
I was surprised at what I saw that day.
10.看着这些种子长成带有巨大黄色花朵的高大植物是多么令人惊奇啊!
(amazing)
How amazing it is to watch these seeds become tall plants with large yellow flowers!
[句式升级]
Sunflowers,which are very popular with people,are native to North America.
1.将第1句和第2句用非限制性定语从句进行改写升级。
2.将第3句用with复合结构进行改写升级。
One day I buried some sunflower seeds into a pot with some rich soil in it.
3.将第5句用非谓语动词进行改写升级。
Several days later,some green and delicate buds grew out of the soil,looking so lovely.
[连句成篇]
Sunflowers,which are very popular with people,are native to North America.
One day I buried some sunflower seeds into a pot with some rich soil in it.After I had poured some water into it,I began to observe them with great patience.
Several days later,some green and delicate buds grew out of the soil,looking so lovely.I moved the pot into the room to prevent these young plants from being burnt by the hot sun.When I saw the soil was a little dry,I added some water to it again.Later,those young plants grew into some tall and strong plants.I was surprised at what I saw that day. How amazing it is to watch these seeds become tall plants with large yellow flowers!
读后续写微技能
线训练——“紧张、不安”
要求:找出下列各句中点训练里出现过的词汇。
我整夜在床上辗转反侧,无法入睡。到了第二天早上,我匆匆赶到学校,感觉好像我的心都提到嗓子眼儿了。当我站在后台时,紧张感涌上心头。当叫到我的名字时,我感到忐忑不安。我颤抖着双腿走到了舞台上,我能感觉到我的手掌出汗,心跳加速。大厅里挤满了观众,这使我更加不安。我的心怦怦直跳,好像要炸裂似的。
I couldn’t fall asleep,and I tossed and turned in bed for a whole night.
By the next morning,I hurried to school and felt as if my heart were in my mouth.
When I was standing backstage,nervousness came flooding over me.
When my name was called,I could feel butterflies in my stomach.
My trembling legs brought me onstage,and I could feel my palms sweating and my heart racing.
The hall was crowded with audience and it made me even more uneasy.
My heart was pounding hard,as if it were about to pop.
要求:根据括号中的提示完成句式升级。
I couldn’t fall asleep,①tossing and turning in bed for a whole night (现在分词作伴随状语).By the next morning,I hurried to school and felt as if my heart were in my mouth.②As soon as I was standing backstage (as soon as引导状语从句),nervousness came flooding over me.When my name was called,I could feel butterflies in my stomach.My trembling legs brought me onstage,and I could feel my palms sweating and my heart racing.The hall was crowded with audience,③which made me even more uneasy (非限制性定语从句).My heart was pounding hard,as if it were about to pop.
