UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
1.puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 vt.迷惑;使困惑
puzzling adj.令人困惑的
puzzled adj.困惑的;迷惑不解的
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子
(1)①The look on her face suggested that she was over the math problem.(puzzle)
(2)②在进行泛读时,你不用冥思苦想文中的每个单词或短语。(应用文写作之建议信)
While doing extensive reading,you don’t have to in the passage.
③我直直地盯着天花板,因为我对这件事感到困惑。(读后续写之心理描写)
I stared straight up at the ceiling because .
【答案】 (1)①puzzled;puzzling;puzzling
(2)②puzzle about/over every single word or phrase ③I’m puzzled about the matter / I’m in a puzzle about the matter
·puzzle about/over 冥思苦想;苦苦思索
·a puzzle to sb一件让某人感到困惑的事情
be in a puzzle不知如何是好,感到困惑
·be puzzled about对……感到困惑
2.defence(=defense) n.防御;保卫;保护;辩护
defend vt.防御;保护;辩解,辩白
defensive adj.防御的;保护的;保卫的
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子
(1)①The core of is to take some measures to ourselves from attacks.(defence)
(2)②He stepped back appearing surprised and covered his head with his hands (似乎是为了防卫).
③Whenever her little sister was criticised by their parents,she would be (替她辩解).
④When a dog attacked me,I had to pick up a stick (来自我防卫).
【答案】 (1)①defence;defensive;defend (2)②as if in defence ③in her defence ④to defend myself
·in defence 保卫;防守
in defence of... 为了保卫……
in sb’s defence 为某人辩护
·defend sb/sth from /against... 保卫……免于……
defend oneself为自己辩护;自我防卫
3.surround vt.围绕;包围
surrounding adj.周围的;附近的
surroundings n.(pl.)环境
surrounded adj.被包围的
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子
①The house whose are very beautiful is located in the centre of the city.With many tall trees the house,it seems like the house is by a green paradise.(surround)
(2)②我妈妈总是教我要结交正派、诚实的人。
My mother always teaches me to .
③农场被连绵起伏的小山包围着,在日落时变成了金黄色。(读后续写之环境描写)
,which turned golden at sunset.
【答案】 (1)①surroundings;surrounding;surrounded
(2)②surround myself with decent,honest people
③The farm was surrounded by/with rolling hills
·surround ...with ...用……包围/围绕……
surround oneself with sb 结交某人
·be surrounded by/with ...被……包围
4.charge n.收费;指控;主管;带头;责任
vt.收费;控告;充电
[语境运用]一词多义/一句多译
(1)A.要价,收费 B.掌管 C.指控 D.充电 E.赋予……职责(或任务)
①What needs to be specifically noted is that the activity is free of charge.( )
②I’ll take charge of the company next month when the manager is away.( )
③I can’t lend my phone to you because it is being charged.( )
(2)下周主管不在时,我将负责整个工厂。
④ next week when the director is away.(take charge of)
⑤ next week when the director is away.(in charge of)
⑥ next week when the director is away.(in the charge of)
【答案】 (1)①A ②B ③D (2)④I’ll take charge of the whole factory ⑤I’ll be in charge of the whole factory ⑥The whole factory will be in the charge of me
·charge sb for sth 为……向某人收费
charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事
·free of charge (=for free)免费
take charge of 主管;负责(表动作)
in charge of 主管;负责(表状态)
in the charge of 由……负责/掌管
①charge和accuse都有“指控;控告”之意,但是charge和with搭配,而accuse和of搭配。
②in charge of 多以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;in the charge of多以物作主语,指“某物由某人负责/掌管”。类似的还有in possession of,in the possession of;in control of,in the control of。
5.amount n.金额;数量
vi.总计;合计
[语境运用]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①Large amounts of money (be) spent on the teaching building.
②A large amount of money (be) raised in the charity sale.
(2)③每个人都知道我们所获得的优质睡眠量对我们很重要。
Everyone knows that high quality sleep that we get is important to us.
【答案】 (1)①were/are ②is/was (2)③the amount of
·a large/small/huge amount of+不可数名词(作主语时,谓语动词用单数)
large/small/huge amounts of+不可数名词(作主语时,谓语动词用复数)
·amount to (=come to=add up to)总计;共计;相当于
常见的表示“许多,大量”的词/词块有:
①只修饰不可数名词:a great deal of,much,a large sum of,a large amount of/large amounts
of等。
②只修饰可数名词复数:many,quite a few,a good/great many,a (great/large) number of,scores of,dozens of等。
③既可以修饰可数名词复数也可以修饰不可数名词:a mass of/masses of,a large quantity of/large quantities of,a lot of/lots of,plenty of等。
6.approach n.方法;途径;接近
vt.接近;接洽;着手处理
vi.靠近;临近
[语境运用]完成句子/一句多译
(1)①我最尊敬的人是我的班主任,他总是提供给我们不同的解决困难的方法。(话题写作之人物介绍)
The person I respect most is my headteacher who always offers us
.
②简颤抖着站起来,向丈夫走去,扑进他的怀里,在他的肩膀上哭个不停。(读后续写之动
作链)
Jane got to her feet shakily, and threw herself into his arms,sobbing uncontrollably on his shoulder.
(2)春节快到了,我想邀请你和我们一起过春节。
③ ,I’d love to invite you to join us in celebrating it.(be approaching)
④ ,I’d love to invite you to join us in celebrating it.(with...approaching)
⑤ ,I’d love to invite you to join us in celebrating it.(at the approach of)
【答案】 (1)①different approaches to solving the difficulties ②approached her husband
(2)③The Spring Festival is approaching ④With the Spring Festival approaching ⑤At the approach of the Spring Festival
·approach sb/sth 接近/靠近某人/物
be approaching 临近
with...approaching 随着……临近
·at the approach of 在快到……的时候
an approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法/途径
注意“(做)某事的方法”的正确搭配:
①an approach to (doing) sth
②the way to do/of (doing) sth
③the means of (doing) sth
④the method of (doing) sth
7.eager adj.热切的;渴望的
eagerly adv.热心地;热切地
eagerness n.热切;渴望
[语境运用]完成句子
①当被问到他是否想要一份生日礼物的时候,这个男孩无法掩饰他的渴望。(读后续写之心理描写)
When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday, .
②她急切地打开礼盒,眼中闪烁着期待的光芒。(读后续写之神态描写)
She ,her eyes shining with anticipation.
③我渴望参加您在邮件中提到的志愿者活动。(应用文写作之申请信)
I the volunteer activity you mentioned in the email.
【答案】 ①the boy couldn’t hide his eagerness
②opened the gift box with eagerness ③would be eager to participate in
·be eager for sth 渴望得到某物
be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
·with eagerness 热切地;急切地
hide one’s eagerness掩饰某人的渴望
8.belong to属于;是……的成员;是……的组成部分
belong vi.应在(某处)
belonging n.[U]归属;[pl.] 所有物;财产
[语境运用]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I just escaped from the flood and my (belong) were swept away.
(2)②文化遗产和自然风景属于每一个人,包括我们的后代。(应用文写作之倡议书)
including the generations to come.
【答案】 (1)①belongings
(2)②Cultural relics and natural scenery belong to everyone
·belong to 中的 to 为介词,其后应接名词/代词作宾语,不可接名词性物主代词(如mine、yours、his、hers等)
belong to不可用于被动语态,也不可用于进行时态;作后置定语时,常用现在分词形式
·a sense of belonging 归属感
9.as well as 同(一样也);和;还
[语境运用]完成句子
①我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。(应用文写作之
报道)
to deliver speeches at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony.
②它确实已经帮助我既增强了信心也提高了学习成绩。(应用文写作之日记)
It has really helped me improve my confidence .
③除了唱着优美的旋律,她还在舞台上优雅地跳着舞,吸引了全场的观众。(读后续写之场景描写)
,she danced gracefully across the stage,which attracted the entire audience.
【答案】 ①Our headteacher as well as five student representatives was invited ②as well as my school grades ③As well as singing a beautiful melody
as well as遵循“就远原则”。与之用法类似的包括such as;like;rather than;with;along with;together with;but;except;besides;in addition to;apart/aside from等。
have sth done 让某事被做;请/让某人做某事;(主语)遭受某种不幸的情况
[教材原句] They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system.
他们在英格兰四处修建城堡,并改革了法律制度。
[语境运用]完成句子
①He hoped to find a good way to (提高英语写作能力) in a short period.
②Don’t worry.I’ll (让汤姆帮你) finish the work.
③I (有很多书要读) before the end of the term.
④They were so frightened that they (让灯亮着) the whole night.
【答案】 ①have his English writing ability improved ②have Tom help you ③have a lot of reading to complete ④had the light burning
have sb do sth让某人做某事
have sb/sth doing sth让某人一直做某事/某物一直处于某种状态
have sth to do 有某事要做
[教材原句] Almost ①everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people ②who took over at different times throughout history.
无论你身处英国何方,你将会被四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家的证据所
包围。
分析:本句为主从复合句。主句为you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people,其中you为主语,谓语为will be surrounded,使用了一般将来时的被动语态。①是由everywhere引导的让步状语从句,②是由who 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词people。
[语境运用]场景句式练习
①无论你身处中国何处,你将会被当地勤劳且友好的人们制作的美食所吸引。
②无论生活多么困难,我的父亲总能想出办法帮我们渡过难关。
【答案】 ①Almost everywhere you go in China,you will be attracted by the delicious food made by local people who are hard-working and friendly.
②However hard our life was,my father always found a way that could help us survive the tough time.
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history 1. (explore),which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will 2. (surround) by evidence of four different groups of people
3. took over at different times throughout history.The first group,the Romans,came 4. the first century.Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads.Next,the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century.They introduced the 5. (begin) of the English language,and changed the way people 6. (build) houses.The Vikings came in the 7. (eight) century,left behind lots of new vocabulary,and also the names of many locations across the UK.The last group 8. (be) the Normans.They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century.They had castles built all around England,9. made changes to the legal system.The Normans were French,so many French words 10. (slow) entered into the English language.
【答案】 1.to explore 2.be surrounded 3.who 4.in 5.beginnings 6.built 7.eighth 8.were 9.and 10.slowly
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) In addition,there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the (surround) environment.
2.(2024·北京卷) I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an (announce).
3.(2024·北京卷) In humans,a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control,just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well the physical world.
4.(2024·北京卷) Once a pair has been determined to be suitable,the students will be contacted
(individual) with a special permission number to register for the programme.
5.The (locate) of this ancient castle on the hilltop provides a breathtaking view of the surrounding landscape.
6.This old watch that has been passed down through generations belongs my family.
7.The scientist then presented (evident) to support her theory.
8.The strong walls of the castle served as a good (defend) against the attacks.
9.Handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of (achieve).
10.With winter (approach),many animals are storing food.
【答案】 1.surrounding 2.announcement 3.as 4.individually 5.location 6.to 7.evidence 8.defence/defense 9.achievement 10.approaching
假设你是李华,你即将参加一个中学生演讲比赛,演讲主题为“My Hometown”,请根据以下内容写一篇英文演讲稿。
1.我叫李华。我很荣幸站在这里介绍我的家乡——重庆。(honour)
I’m Li Hua.It’s my great honour to stand here to introduce my hometown,Chongqing.
2.重庆,因其多山而被称为“山城”,又因其多雾而被称为“雾都”,是一个三面环山的美丽城市。(surround)
Chongqing,known as “Mountain City” for its mountains and “Foggy City” for its fog,is a beautiful city surrounded by mountains on three sides.
3.这里引人注目的风景吸引了来自全世界的游客。(striking,attract)
The striking scenery here attracts tourists from all over the world.
4.而且这座城市迷人的夜景,包括数百万盏灯以及它们在河上的倒影,将给游客留下深刻的印象。(fascinating,as well as)
In addition,the fascinating night view of the city,including millions of lights as well as their reflections on the river,will leave a deep impression on tourists.
5.由于气候炎热潮湿,人们对麻辣火锅产生了偏好,吃麻辣火锅是重庆的一种特殊习俗,而且麻辣火锅也是众多来此地的游客的盛宴。(custom,crowd)
Due to the hot and humid climate,people have developed a preference for spicy hot pot,which is a special custom of Chongqing and a great feast for crowds of tourists coming here.
6.这里的人们慷慨好客,欢迎国内外的每一位游客。(generous)
People here are generous and hospitable,and welcome every tourist from home and abroad.
7.如果你来到这里,你一定会爱上它的!(fall in love with)
If you come here,you will definitely fall in love with it!
[句式升级]
将第6句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
People here are generous and hospitable,welcoming every tourist from home and abroad.
[连句成篇]
I’m Li Hua.It’s my great honour to stand here to introduce my hometown,Chongqing.
Chongqing,known as “Mountain City” for its mountains and “Foggy City” for its fog,is a beautiful city surrounded by mountains on three sides.The striking scenery here attracts tourists from all over the world.
In addition,the fascinating night view of the city,including millions of lights as well as their reflections on the river,will leave a deep impression on tourists.Due to the hot and humid climate,people have developed a preference for spicy hot pot,which is a special custom of Chongqing and a great feast for crowds of tourists coming here.People here are generous and hospitable,welcoming every tourist from home and abroad.If you come here,you will definitely fall in love with it!
Thanks for your listening.
要求:在线训练的基础上,在段前、段中、段后增加关联句,使语境更完整,构成片段
训练。
①昨天是难忘的一天。昨天有一个聚会,许多老朋友都聚在了一起。②当我走进房间看到那些熟悉的面孔时,我的心里充满了温暖。当我看到我最好的朋友汤姆朝我走来时,我笑得合不拢嘴。汤姆戴着一顶滑稽的帽子,把大家都逗得轻声笑了起来。③这是多么棒的开场啊!随着聚会的进行,气氛变得越来越热闹。后来,当杰克讲了一个有趣的笑话时,我们所有人都哄堂大笑。一些女孩甚至忍不住咯咯地笑。④在那一刻,我们感觉所有的烦恼都消失了。在聚会中途,我们一起观看了一段有关我们往昔的视频,我们中的很多人都含泪微笑。然而,在汤姆疯狂跳舞的时候,我们都开怀大笑。最后,当聚会结束,我们彼此道别时,我们高兴得放声大笑,以至于整条街的人都能听到。⑤这是多么令人难忘的一次聚会啊!我已经迫不及待地期待下一次聚会了。
⑥Yesterday was an unforgettable day. There was a party yesterday,where many old friends gathered.⑦When I entered the room and saw the familiar faces,my heart was filled with warmth.Seeing my best friend Tom coming towards me,I smiled from ear to ear. Tom,wearing a funny hat,made everyone chuckle.⑧What a great start it was!As the party went on,the atmosphere became more and more lively. Later,so funny a joke did Jack tell that all of us exploded with laughter.Some girls even couldn’t help giggling.⑨ And at that point,it felt like all our worries faded away. In the middle of the party,we watched a video about our old memories together,many of us smiling through tears.However,it was when Tom danced crazily that we all laughed a hearty laugh.Finally,when the party ended and we said goodbye to each other,we roared with joy so that the whole neighbourhood could hear us.⑩What a memorable party it has been!I can’t wait for the next gathering.
(设问:你还能想到其他的相关片段吗 )
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UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
1.puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问 vt.迷惑;使困惑
puzzling adj.令人困惑的
puzzled adj.困惑的;迷惑不解的
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子
(1)①The look on her face suggested that she was over the
math problem.(puzzle)
puzzled
puzzling
puzzling
(2)②在进行泛读时,你不用冥思苦想文中的每个单词或短语。(应用文写作之建议信)
While doing extensive reading,you don’t have to
in the passage.
③我直直地盯着天花板,因为我对这件事感到困惑。(读后续写之心理描写)
I stared straight up at the ceiling because
.
puzzle about/over every
single word or phrase
I’m puzzled about the matter /
I’m in a puzzle about the matter
·puzzle about/over 冥思苦想;苦苦思索
·a puzzle to sb一件让某人感到困惑的事情
be in a puzzle不知如何是好,感到困惑
·be puzzled about对……感到困惑
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子
(1)①The core of is to take some measures to
ourselves from attacks.(defence)
2.defence(=defense) n.防御;保卫;保护;辩护
defend vt.防御;保护;辩解,辩白
defensive adj.防御的;保护的;保卫的
defence
defensive
defend
(2)②He stepped back appearing surprised and covered his head with his hands (似乎是为了防卫).
③Whenever her little sister was criticised by their parents,she would be
(替她辩解).
④When a dog attacked me,I had to pick up a stick (来自我防卫).
as if in defence
in her defence
to defend myself
·in defence 保卫;防守
in defence of... 为了保卫……
in sb’s defence 为某人辩护
·defend sb/sth from /against... 保卫……免于……
defend oneself为自己辩护;自我防卫
[语境运用]语境串词/完成句子
①The house whose are very beautiful is located in the centre of the city.With many tall trees the house,it seems like the house is by a green paradise.(surround)
3.surround vt.围绕;包围
surrounding adj.周围的;附近的
surroundings n.(pl.)环境
surrounded adj.被包围的
surroundings
surrounding
surrounded
(2)②我妈妈总是教我要结交正派、诚实的人。
My mother always teaches me to .
③农场被连绵起伏的小山包围着,在日落时变成了金黄色。(读后续写之环境描写)
,which turned golden at sunset.
surround myself with decent,honest people
The farm was surrounded by/with rolling hills
·surround ...with ...用……包围/围绕……
surround oneself with sb 结交某人
·be surrounded by/with ...被……包围
4.charge n.收费;指控;主管;带头;责任
vt.收费;控告;充电
[语境运用]一词多义/一句多译
(1)A.要价,收费 B.掌管 C.指控 D.充电 E.赋予……职责(或任务)
①What needs to be specifically noted is that the activity is free of charge.
( )
②I’ll take charge of the company next month when the manager is away.
( )
③I can’t lend my phone to you because it is being charged.( )
A
B
D
(2)下周主管不在时,我将负责整个工厂。
④ next week when the director is away.(take charge of)
⑤ next week when the director is away.(in charge of)
⑥ next week when the director is away.(in the charge of)
I’ll take charge of the whole factory
I’ll be in charge of the whole factory
The whole factory will be in the charge of me
·charge sb for sth 为……向某人收费
charge sb with (doing) sth 指控某人(做)某事
·free of charge (=for free)免费
take charge of 主管;负责(表动作)
in charge of 主管;负责(表状态)
in the charge of 由……负责/掌管
①charge和accuse都有“指控;控告”之意,但是charge和with搭配,而accuse和of搭配。
②in charge of 多以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;in the charge of多以物作主语,指“某物由某人负责/掌管”。类似的还有in possession of,in the possession of;in control of,in the control of。
5.amount n.金额;数量
vi.总计;合计
[语境运用]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①Large amounts of money (be) spent on the teaching building.
②A large amount of money (be) raised in the charity sale.
were/are
is/was
(2)③每个人都知道我们所获得的优质睡眠量对我们很重要。
Everyone knows that high quality sleep that we get is important to us.
the amount of
·a large/small/huge amount of+不可数名词(作主语时,谓语动词用单数)
large/small/huge amounts of+不可数名词(作主语时,谓语动词用复数)
·amount to (=come to=add up to)总计;共计;相当于
常见的表示“许多,大量”的词/词块有:
①只修饰不可数名词:a great deal of,much,a large sum of,a large amount of/large amounts of等。
②只修饰可数名词复数:many,quite a few,a good/great many,a (great/large) number of,scores of,dozens of等。
③既可以修饰可数名词复数也可以修饰不可数名词:a mass of/masses of,a large quantity of/large quantities of,a lot of/lots of,plenty of等。
6.approach n.方法;途径;接近
vt.接近;接洽;着手处理
vi.靠近;临近
[语境运用]完成句子/一句多译
(1)①我最尊敬的人是我的班主任,他总是提供给我们不同的解决困难的方法。(话题写作之人物介绍)
The person I respect most is my headteacher who always offers us
.
different
approaches to solving the difficulties
②简颤抖着站起来,向丈夫走去,扑进他的怀里,在他的肩膀上哭个不停。(读后续写之动作链)
Jane got to her feet shakily, and threw herself into his arms,sobbing uncontrollably on his shoulder.
approached her husband
(2)春节快到了,我想邀请你和我们一起过春节。
③ ,I’d love to invite you to join us in celebrating it.(be approaching)
④ ,I’d love to invite you to join us in celebrating it.(with...approaching)
⑤ ,I’d love to invite you to join us in celebrating it.(at the approach of)
The Spring Festival is approaching
With the Spring Festival approaching
At the approach of the Spring Festival
·approach sb/sth 接近/靠近某人/物
be approaching 临近
with...approaching 随着……临近
·at the approach of 在快到……的时候
an approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法/途径
注意“(做)某事的方法”的正确搭配:
①an approach to (doing) sth
②the way to do/of (doing) sth
③the means of (doing) sth
④the method of (doing) sth
[语境运用]完成句子
①当被问到他是否想要一份生日礼物的时候,这个男孩无法掩饰他的渴望。(读后续写之心理描写)
When asked whether he wanted a gift for his birthday,
.
7.eager adj.热切的;渴望的
eagerly adv.热心地;热切地
eagerness n.热切;渴望
the boy couldn’t
hide his eagerness
②她急切地打开礼盒,眼中闪烁着期待的光芒。(读后续写之神态描写)
She ,her eyes shining with anticipation.
③我渴望参加您在邮件中提到的志愿者活动。(应用文写作之申请信)
I the volunteer activity you mentioned in the email.
opened the gift box with eagerness
would be eager to participate in
·be eager for sth 渴望得到某物
be eager to do sth 渴望做某事
·with eagerness 热切地;急切地
hide one’s eagerness掩饰某人的渴望
8.belong to属于;是……的成员;是……的组成部分
belong vi.应在(某处)
belonging n.[U]归属;[pl.] 所有物;财产
[语境运用]单句语法填空/完成句子
(1)①I just escaped from the flood and my (belong) were swept away.
belongings
(2)②文化遗产和自然风景属于每一个人,包括我们的后代。(应用文写作之倡议书)
including the generations to come.
Cultural relics and natural scenery belong to everyone
·belong to 中的 to 为介词,其后应接名词/代词作宾语,不可接名词性物主代词(如mine、yours、his、hers等)
belong to不可用于被动语态,也不可用于进行时态;作后置定语时,常用现在分词形式
·a sense of belonging 归属感
[语境运用]完成句子
①我们的班主任和五名学生代表被邀请在昨天的成人礼上发表演讲。(应用文写作之报道)
to deliver speeches at yesterday’s coming-of-age ceremony.
9.as well as 同(一样也);和;还
Our headteacher as well as five student representatives was invited
②它确实已经帮助我既增强了信心也提高了学习成绩。(应用文写作之日记)
It has really helped me improve my confidence .
③除了唱着优美的旋律,她还在舞台上优雅地跳着舞,吸引了全场的观众。
(读后续写之场景描写)
,she danced gracefully across the stage,which attracted the entire audience.
as well as my school grades
As well as singing a beautiful melody
as well as遵循“就远原则”。与之用法类似的包括such as;like;rather than;
with;along with;together with;but;except;besides;in addition to;apart/aside from等。
[语境运用]完成句子
①He hoped to find a good way to
(提高英语写作能力) in a short period.
have sth done 让某事被做;请/让某人做某事;(主语)遭受某种不幸的情况
[教材原句] They had castles built all around England,and made changes to the legal system.
他们在英格兰四处修建城堡,并改革了法律制度。
have his English writing ability improved
②Don’t worry.I’ll (让汤姆帮你) finish the work.
③I (有很多书要读) before the end of the term.
④They were so frightened that they (让灯亮着) the whole night.
have Tom help you
have a lot of reading to complete
had the light burning
have sb do sth让某人做某事
have sb/sth doing sth让某人一直做某事/某物一直处于某种状态
have sth to do 有某事要做
长难句分析
[教材原句] Almost ①everywhere you go in the UK,you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people ②who took over at different times throughout history.
分析:本句为主从复合句。主句为you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people,其中you为主语,谓语为will be surrounded,使用了一般将来时的被动语态。①是由everywhere引导的让步状语从句,②是由who 引导的定语从句,修饰先行词people。
无论你身处英国何方,你将会被四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家的证据所包围。
[语境运用]场景句式练习
①无论你身处中国何处,你将会被当地勤劳且友好的人们制作的美食所吸引。
Almost everywhere you go in China,you will be attracted by the delicious food made by local people who are hard-working and friendly.
②无论生活多么困难,我的父亲总能想出办法帮我们渡过难关。
However hard our life was,my father always found a way that could help us survive the tough time.
单元能力·提升自测
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history 1. (explore),which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.Almost everywhere you go in the UK,you will 2. (surround) by evidence of four different groups of people 3. took over at different times throughout history.The first group,the Romans,came 4. the first century.Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads.Next,the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century.
to explore
be surrounded
who
in
They introduced the 5. (begin) of the English language,and changed the way people 6. (build) houses.The Vikings came in the 7. (eight) century,left behind lots of new vocabulary,and also the names of many locations across the UK.The last group 8. (be) the Normans.They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century.They had castles built all around England,9.
made changes to the legal system.The Normans were French,so many French words 10. (slow) entered into the English language.
beginnings
built
eighth
were
and
slowly
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) In addition,there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the
(surround) environment.
2.(2024·北京卷) I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an
(announce).
surrounding
announcement
3.(2024·北京卷) In humans,a greatly enlarged brain boosts self-control,just as it boosts problem-solving skills in the social as well the physical world.
4.(2024·北京卷) Once a pair has been determined to be suitable,the students will be contacted (individual) with a special permission number to register for the programme.
5.The (locate) of this ancient castle on the hilltop provides a breathtaking view of the surrounding landscape.
as
individually
location
6.This old watch that has been passed down through generations belongs
my family.
7.The scientist then presented (evident) to support her theory.
8.The strong walls of the castle served as a good (defend) against the attacks.
9.Handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of
(achieve).
10.With winter (approach),many animals are storing food.
to
evidence
defence/defense
achievement
approaching
微写作
演讲稿——地理概况——介绍家乡
假设你是李华,你即将参加一个中学生演讲比赛,演讲主题为“My Hometown”,请根据以下内容写一篇英文演讲稿。
1.我叫李华。我很荣幸站在这里介绍我的家乡——重庆。(honour)
I’m Li Hua.It’s my great honour to stand here to introduce my hometown,
Chongqing.
2.重庆,因其多山而被称为“山城”,又因其多雾而被称为“雾都”,是一个三面环山的美丽城市。(surround)
Chongqing,known as “Mountain City” for its mountains and “Foggy City” for its fog,is a beautiful city surrounded by mountains on three sides.
3.这里引人注目的风景吸引了来自全世界的游客。(striking,attract)
The striking scenery here attracts tourists from all over the world.
4.而且这座城市迷人的夜景,包括数百万盏灯以及它们在河上的倒影,将给游客留下深刻的印象。(fascinating,as well as)
In addition,the fascinating night view of the city,including millions of lights as well as their reflections on the river,will leave a deep impression on tourists.
5.由于气候炎热潮湿,人们对麻辣火锅产生了偏好,吃麻辣火锅是重庆的一种特殊习俗,而且麻辣火锅也是众多来此地的游客的盛宴。(custom,crowd)
Due to the hot and humid climate,people have developed a preference for spicy hot pot,which is a special custom of Chongqing and a great feast for crowds of tourists coming here.
6.这里的人们慷慨好客,欢迎国内外的每一位游客。(generous)
People here are generous and hospitable,and welcome every tourist from home and abroad.
7.如果你来到这里,你一定会爱上它的!(fall in love with)
If you come here,you will definitely fall in love with it!
[句式升级]
将第6句用现在分词作状语进行改写升级。
People here are generous and hospitable,welcoming every tourist from home and abroad.
[连句成篇]
I’m Li Hua.It’s my great honour to stand here to introduce my hometown,Chongqing.Chongqing,known as “Mountain City” for its mountains and “Foggy City” for its fog,is a beautiful city surrounded by mountains on three sides.The striking scenery here attracts tourists from all over the world.
In addition,the fascinating night view of the city,including millions of lights as well as their reflections on the river,will leave a deep impression on tourists.Due to the hot and humid climate,people have developed a preference for spicy hot pot,which is a special custom of Chongqing and a great feast for crowds of tourists coming here.People here are generous and hospitable,welcoming every tourist from home and abroad.If you come here,you will definitely fall in love with it!
Thanks for your listening.
读后续写微技能
面训练——“笑”
要求:在线训练的基础上,在段前、段中、段后增加关联句,使语境更完整,构成片段训练。
①昨天是难忘的一天。昨天有一个聚会,许多老朋友都聚在了一起。②当我走进房间看到那些熟悉的面孔时,我的心里充满了温暖。当我看到我最好的朋友汤姆朝我走来时,我笑得合不拢嘴。汤姆戴着一顶滑稽的帽子,把大家都逗得轻声笑了起来。③这是多么棒的开场啊!随着聚会的进行,气氛变得越来越热闹。后来,当杰克讲了一个有趣的笑话时,我们所有人都哄堂大笑。一些女孩甚至忍不住咯咯地笑。
读后续写微技能
面训练——“笑”
④在那一刻,我们感觉所有的烦恼都消失了。在聚会中途,我们一起观看了一段有关我们往昔的视频,我们中的很多人都含泪微笑。然而,在汤姆疯狂跳舞的时候,我们都开怀大笑。最后,当聚会结束,我们彼此道别时,我们高兴得放声大笑,以至于整条街的人都能听到。⑤这是多么令人难忘的一次聚会啊!我已经迫不及待地期待下一次聚会了。
读后续写微技能
面训练——“笑”
⑥Yesterday was an unforgettable day. There was a party yesterday,
where many old friends gathered.⑦When I entered the room and saw the familiar faces,my heart was filled with warmth.Seeing my best friend Tom coming towards me,I smiled from ear to ear.Tom,wearing a funny hat,made everyone chuckle.⑧What a great start it was!As the party went on,the atmosphere became more and more lively. Later,so funny a joke did Jack tell that all of us exploded with laughter.Some girls even couldn’t help giggling.
读后续写微技能
面训练——“笑”
⑨ And at that point,it felt like all our worries faded away. In the middle of the party,we watched a video about our old memories together,many of us smiling through tears.However,it was when Tom danced crazily that we all laughed a hearty laugh.Finally,when the party ended and we said goodbye to each other,we roared with joy so that the whole neighbourhood could hear us.⑩What a memorable party it has been!I can’t wait for the next gathering.
(设问:你还能想到其他的相关片段吗 )
