【期末押题预测】期末核心考点 议论文阅读理解（含答案与解析）2024-2025学年外研版（2019）英语高二下学期

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末核心考点 议论文阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．（2023春 福建期末） How AI will transform education is very important to schools such as mine，teachers such as me，and hardworking care﹣givers such as the parents in my community.Could AI get our children to grasp new concepts and skills？Might AI be better equipped to help them exploit their own intelligence？After a few days watching my children use artificial intelligence﹣based learning tools，I can tell you the short answer is NO.
Human intelligence is different from the computer's.For one，human intelligence can not be measured.The brain is plastic，always developing and growing as we learn from our environments.In addition，human intelligence relies on human interaction.Exercising our intelligence is something we do naturally as we connect with others，consider the world around us and seek to improve our relationship to that world.
In education，there has been a movement toward social﹣emotional and problem﹣based learning.So educators attempt to motivate interest in subjects and skills by turning learning moments into communal （共有的） problem﹣solving events.When we combine analytical learning with social﹣ emotional learning，students become mastered in the material we want them to know and get more excited about the learning process.
Using AI looks very different from this.AI learning often involves an individual working alone with a computer program.It can crowd source information to help students find facts about their environment，solve a problem and come up with a creative way forward.But AI doesn't force students to think through or keep anything.And simply being fed facts and information is not the same as "learning".
It is fascinating to imagine that AI might cure what annoys us.Many parents don't have the resources﹣in time，money or energy—to teach their kids at home.If AI could fill the gaps，how great，right？Yet the nature of AI "teaching" as it currently exists means that students merely level up without learning.When it comes to developing intelligence，nothing can beat what we humans have been doing，face to face，for centuries.
（1）What do we know about human intelligence according to paragraph 2？ 　 　
A．It is measured easily
B．It is of great significance
C．It is related to education
D．It is changeable and interactive
（2）What can be inferred about AI learning from paragraph 4？ 　 　
A．It is widely used at school.
B．It makes no difference to education.
C．It helps develop students' intelligence
D．It does little help with students' true learning.
（3）What is the author's attitude to AI learning？ 　 　
A．Unclear
B．Neutral
C．Disapproving
D．Favorable
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A．Could AI Really Teach Students
B．Should students Use AI Frequently
C．How Students Use AI in Their Study
D．How Teachers Interact with Students
2．（2023春 福州期末）Given how valuable intelligence and automation are，we will continue to improve our technology if we are at all able to.At a certain point，we will build machines that are smarter than we are.Once we have machines that are smarter than we are，they will begin to improve themselves.The concern is really that we will build machines that are much more competent than we are.And the slightest divergence （分歧） between their goals and our own could destroy us.
Just think about how we relate to ants.We don't hate them.We don't go out of our way to harm them.In fact，sometimes we take pains not to harm them.We step over them on the sidewalk.But whenever their presence seriously conflicts with one of our goals，we will kill them without hesitation.The concern is that we will one day build machines that，whether they're conscious or not，could treat us with similar disregard.
The bare fact is that we will continue to improve our intelligent machines.We have problems that we desperately need to solve.So we will do this，if we can.The train is already out of the station，and there's no brake to pull.If we build machines that are more intelligent than we are，they will very likely develop in ways that we can't imagine，and transcend us in ways that we can't imagine.
So imagine we hit upon a design of super intelligent AI that has no safety concerns.This machine would be the perfect labor﹣saving device.It can design the machine that can build the machine which can do any physical work，powered by sunlight，more or less for the cost of raw materials.So we're talking bout the end of human labour.We're also talking about the end of most intellectual work.So what would apes like ourselves do in these circumstances？
But the moment we admit that information processing is the source of intelligence，we have to admit that we are in the process of building some sort of god.Now would be a good time to make sure it's a god we can live with.
（1）Why does the author mention ants in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A．To compare intelligent machines to ants.
B．To show improved machines will get away from us.
C．To stress the presence of machines does conflict with our goals.
D．To explain future intelligent machines could treat us without mercy
（2）What does the underlined word "transcend" in Paragraph 3 mean？ 　 　
A．Disable.
B．Inspire.
C．Disappoint.
D．Outpace.
（3）How is the passage mainly developed？ 　 　
A．By making comparisons.
B．By giving assumptions.
C．By showing valid evidence.
D．By analyzing statistics
（4）Which of the following statements can best summarize the author's viewpoint towards Al？ 　 　
A．Human beings will no doubt be destroyed by AI in the future
B．Super intelligent AI will put an end to human labour eventually.
C．We should keep the development of AI within humans' control.
D．Human beings should stop the development of super intelligent AL.
3．（2023秋 深圳期末） A man recently connected with me on LinkedIn and sent me this note： "Let me know if you ever need a writer."I guess he's a writer？I don't know.But I do know this phrase "Let me know if you ever need a…"shows up a lot，in my inbox and surely yours，too.I've come to think of it as the eight most deadly words in selling oneself because that phrase is the death of opportunity.
Let's consider the approach.These people are being standoffish.Rather than selling themselves，they're shifting the burden onto someone else to make the sale.If I need a writer，I should reach out to them.If I need a story，I should ask them for an interview.If I need a customer service solution，I should ask them for details. "Let me know if you ever need a..."sounds like an invitation，but it's really a shrug.
Imagine the situation where I'd assign a story to the writer who used the nine words， "Let me know if you ever need a writer."Just anyone who can string words together.I would have needed to be in a panic，so desperate for someone to contribute to our magazine that I'd stopped thinking about great writers or good writers，or even serviceable writers and simply settled for：a writer.This isn't a situation that exists.The world is full of good options!We are not living in times of shortage.If we need a job done，there are plenty of qualified people to do it.Our question is：Who's the best？
If you want to create opportunity for yourself，answer that question convincingly.The first thing to do is show someone you are the opportunity.Hiring you can help them.We also need to stop hiding behind ourselves.Get out in front!Sell yourself and your amazing abilities.Understand someone's problem，and explain exactly why you are the solution.Avoid saying "Let me know if you ever need a…".Instead，start with："Let me explain how I can help you."
（1）What do we know from the author's experience？ 　 　
A．We'd better start our own careers as early as possible.
B．The author prefers to hire his employees on LinkedIn.
C．The phrase "Let me know if you ever need a..."is useful.
D．Many people use the wrong opening sentence to sell themselves.
（2）What does the underlined word"standoffish" mean in Paragraph 2？ 　 　
A．Frank and open.
B．Unfriendly and proud.
C．Unsure and sensitive.
D．Concerned and confident.
（3）What can be inferred from Paragraph 3？ 　 　
A．The author is in desperate need of a writer's help.
B．There are very few great writers available nowadays.
C．Anyone who can string words together is a good writer.
D．The author isn't interested in the writer using the nine words.
（4）What is the text mainly about？ 　 　
A．Ways of selling oneself.
B．Tips for job interviews.
C．Preparations for landing a job.
D．Requirements for common jobs.
4．（2024春 天心区校级期末） I wanted to set myself the writing challenge of citing some of the many positive things about having a baby.It's addressed to one person，but I hope that those who find themselves at a similar crossroads get help from it.
To my friend A，
All you ever seem to hear about parenthood is negative.I do not feel this.You create a new life in that child，and with that baby，you get a new life，too.When I became a mother，my own mother's embrace，and my father's，not to mention my extended family's，have kept me going.
We are used to hearing about how motherhood limits your life，less so about how it can expand it.I have always believed that life is fundamentally about human relationships，and having a baby has enhanced mine.Becoming a mother—and giving birth—has enhanced my feelings of solidarity with other women.Parenting has also allowed me to experience childhood again.I have always wanted to give someone else a childhood.My wide﹣eyed little boy is at the stage where he is simply in love with the world，and that love is thrillingly unconditional.It is a privilege to witness，and it makes me determined to maintain it for him as much as I am able to，because his laugh is the best sound that I have ever heard.
A note about sleep：you will be OK﹣you've had enough wild nights to know you can cope.And you can get your body back，whatever that might mean to you.As for your career，it's normal to worry.I speak only for myself when I say that I wish I had spent less time worrying beforehand about how I would write.I have far less time，now，but I'm still writing.Even a paragraph a day adds up to a novel，eventually.There is so much untapped joy and love there waiting for you，and I hope I've given you a small glimpse of some of it to hold on to.
（1）Who might be the intended audience for this article？ 　 　
A．Self﹣centered parents.
B．Those fearing to have a baby.
C．Broken﹣hearted friends.
D．Those avoiding marriage.
（2）How does the author mainly make his arguments convincing？ 　 　
A．By explaining ideas.
B．By quoting sayings.
C．By comparing facts.
D．By concluding opinions.
（3）Why does the writer give examples of her writing in the last paragraph？ 　 　
A．To show how successful she was as a writer.
B．To note that where there is a will there is a way.
C．To tell her friend that giving birth is a piece of cake.
D．To persuade her friend not to worry about her career.
（4）Which column may the article be chosen from？ 　 　
A．Opinion.
B．Headline.
C．Health.
D．Culture.
5．（2022秋 铜仁市期末） Fluffy（蓬松的），white snow might look fun to eat.But before taking a bite of the white stuff，let's talk about what could be in the flakes.Snow is mostly water.When it gets cold，water in the air freezes.The result is tiny，beautiful snowflakes.But snow can also have other ingredients.Let's take a look.
In the winter，streets and sidewalks can get icy.So people use rock salt to help melt ice.But the salt isn't clean enough to eat.Also，some bags of salts might have other chemicals in them.These chemicals help ice melt at lower temperatures.But the chemicals aren't safe for eating.
Snow can also act like a pathway for animals.Squirrels，birds and other animals might stroll in it.So you should never take bites on any snow near bird feeders or animal tracks.Brown snow is off limits，too.This is for the same reason you wouldn't want to take a lick of mud.And if that snow looks yellow，it's best to avoid it.
OK，so what about freshly fallen snow？That should be the safest，yummiest frozen water to eat，right？Actually，snow can take in pollutants，or harmful materials.The snow picks up pollutants on its way down to the ground.It picks up the most pollutants in the first hour or two of snowfall.For example，scientists have found that new snow can contain pesticides，which are used to kill or control certain animals such as insects.New snow can also pick up ashes and dirt in the air.
However，all of these things are found at very low levels within snow.This means it's technically safe to eat.But you can also just wait a few hours.Then，you can taste the snow that piles up midway through a storm.This will give you the best chance of eating clean，frozen，sky water.
（1）What is the purpose of the text？ 　 　
A．To explain how the snow forms.
B．To share ideas on enjoying a snowy day.
C．To talk about why people like eating snow.
D．To discuss the safety problems of eating snow.
（2）What does the underlined word "stroll" in Paragraph 3 mean？ 　 　
A．Wander.
B．Work.
C．Sleep.
D．Feed.
（3）What can we learn about the freshly fallen snow？ 　 　
A．It is the safest to eat.
B．It has the best taste of all.
C．It is still very harmful.
D．It has the most benefits of all.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards eating snow？ 　 　
A．Favorable.
B．Objective.
C．Carefree.
D．Unclear.
6．（2023春 重庆期末） From composer，musician，and philanthropist（慈善家）Peter Buffett comes，a warm，wise，and inspirational，book that asks， "Which win you choose：the path of least resistance or the path of potentially greatest satisfaction？"
You may think that with a last name like his，Buffett has enjoyed a life of endless privilege.But the son of billionaire investor Warren Buffett says that the only real inheritance handed down from his parents is a philosophy：Build your own path in life.It is a principle that has allowed him to follow his own passions，establish his own identity，and reap his own successes.
In Life Is What You Make It，Buffett expounds on（阐释）the strong set of values given to him by his trusting and broadminded mother，his hardworking and talented father，and the many life teachers he has met along the way.
Today's society，Buffett assumes，has begun to replace a work ethic，enjoying what you do，with a wealth ethic，honoring the payoff instead of the process.We confuse privilege with material wealth，character with external validation（认可）.Yet，by focusing more on substance and less on reward，we can open doors of opportunity and strive toward a greater sense of fulfillment.In clear and brief terms，Buffett reveals a great truth：Life is random，neither fair nor unfair.
From there it becomes easy to recognize the equal dignity and value of every human life our circumstances may vary but our essence does not.We see that our journey in life rarely follows a straight line but is often met with false starts，crises，and mistakes.How we push through and persevere in these challenging moments is where we begin to create the life Of our dreams—from discovering our vocations to giving back to others.
Personal and instructive，Life Is What You Make It is about challenging your circumstances，taking control of your destiny，and living your life to the fullest.
（1）What is the purpose of the passage？ 　 　
A．To describe a famous person.
B．To introduce a book.
C．To talk about what life is about.
D．To discuss how to live a meaningful life.
（2）What can we infer about Peter Buffett？ 　 　
A．His father is very rich.
B．One of his hobbies is music.
C．He achieved success by himself.
D．He wrote the book Life Is What You Make It.
（3）What is today's society like according to Peter Buffett？ 　 　
A．People are following their interests.
B．People are seeking spiritual enjoyment.
C．People pay more attention to the process.
D．People focus more on the results.
（4）Which proverb can best express the main idea of the fifth paragraph？ 　 　
A．Living without an，aim is like sailing without a compass.
B．Life is full of ups and downs.
C．Where there is a will，there is away.
D．Life isn't about getting and having，it's about giving and being.
7．（2023春 保山期末） Kindness is regarded as a true strength，and the success of civilizations relies on kindness.We teach children from a young age to"be kind to one another" and"treat others the way you want to be treated".Being kind is even shown to be good for well﹣being.According to Mayo Clinic，when we perform acts of kindness，the pleasure center in our brain is activated，releasing the stress﹣reducing hormone.Individuals who volunteer on a regular basis report greater life satisfaction.That said，consider the following question：Could kindness ever be considered harmful to us when it has such clear benefits？Let's think about this assuming we are in the workplace.
You are a new person on the team，and you want to be well﹣liked and respected by your co﹣workers.You're a kind person and tell your team，"Let me know how I can help you；I am always available to help."Though you may truly mean it，there are people in the world who can consider your kindness is weakness unfortunately.This can lead to you being taken advantage of by others.
Let's fast﹣forward to a year later，you have been in your position now for one year and you are working with the same team.You notice that your co﹣workers continue asking for your succor over and over again.In fact，the only time they interact with you is when they need something.You have been always at your co﹣workers' service and there has rarely been any return from them.Imagine the level of your discouragement you are feeling.
In a very broad sense，it is advantageous to be kind to others，and your kind acts will be appreciated and，perhaps，pay off.However，you need to be willing to say"no".When people ask you for a favor，asess if you have the time，energy and attention to get to them.To truly be kind，sometimes you need to be more comfortable saying "no"to others and saying"yes" to yourself.
（1）Why is Mayo Clinic mentioned？ 　 　
A．To show the positive effects of kindness.
B．To explain the reasons for being kind.
C．To stress the importance of kindness.
D．To assess the current kindness education
（2）In the workplace，what's the fact that discourages you？ 　 　
A．Your colleagues never interact with you.
B．You work with the same team in the same position for a year.
C．You hardly receive any return for your service from your colleagues.
D．You always fail to serve your colleagues and receive no returns from them.
（3）What does the author suggest doing in the last paragraph？ 　 　
A．Finding the best way to refuse others.
B．Acknowledging your efforts and sacrifices.
C．Being grateful for others' kind gestures.
D．Being a little more self﹣focused.
（4）What's the text mainly discussing？ 　 　
A．Is the power of kindness undervalued？
B．Why are random acts of kindness important？
C．Are we hurting ourselves with kindness？
D．How can showing kindness promote well﹣being？
8．（2023春 蓝田县期末） Many years ago，I bumped into an old friend of mine.He had devoted his life to acting but had never been quite successful.In his middle age，he seemed defeated and sad.
I thought of his dogged （顽强的） perseverance.Was it smart or foolish？What could he have achieved？Had he quit his dream of acting and moved on？Our culture does not look kindly upon quitting.Failure is perfectly acceptable as long as it eventually results in success.
We chant （反复喊着） "Winners never quit" and "If at first you don't succeed，try again." We lap up （欣然接受） stories of persistence，of the author who submitted stories for years before her novels were published or of the athlete who trained since childhood to win gold at the Olympics.
Persistence pays off when it is rewarded with success，but it does not reward every person.For every JK Rowling，there are thousands of aspiring writers who will never get published.For every Olympic athlete，there are innumerable （无数的） others who trained every day of their lives and never made the cut.
We all agree that doing the same things and expecting a different result is unwise.So why do we believe that persevering through failure after failure is a good idea？We consider quitting in the face of failure to be weak.We believe that perseverance is the key to success.Perseverance is only one part of success.You need talent or skill，as well as passion and drive.Luck and timing are also key to any great success.
Our society believes that anything is possible，as long as you "believe".But not everyone can make it.Quitting when you're not ahead is sometimes the smartest thing to do.Obviously，if you enjoy a pursuit，regardless of its outcome，you should continue.If you knew your novel would never be published，would you want to write？If you could never be a champion swimmer，would you still train？Sometimes，it is wise to put your energy into something else.
Failure is not always the path to success.Sometimes，failure is the door to something new.
（1）What do we know about the author's old friend？ 　 　
A．He was dissatisfied with his acting performance.
B．He switched his dream of acting to something else.
C．He failed in acting because of a lack of persistence.
D．He failed in all attempts to become a successful actor.
（2）The author mentioned JK Rowling mainly to 　 　 .
A．explain how she achieved success in writing
B．show that success doesn't happen to everyone
C．prove that success favors those who are perseverant
D．encourage readers to hold onto their dream until they succeed
（3）What is the meaning of the underlined phrase in paragraph 4？ 　 　
A．Made out of their dreams.
B．Met the required standard.
C．Improved their performances.
D．Promised to be good players.
（4）What does the author advise us to do if we've failed many times？ 　 　
A．Make an effort to try new things.
B．Stick to your goal until we succeed.
C．Wait for the right time and good luck.
D．Ask friends or family members for help.
9．（2023春 重庆期末） Almost everyone who has studied English has been warned about the way Brits love their manners.It is part of our national identity，as much as fish and chips or complaining about the weather.Recently I have been wondering where this comes from and I read online that we say sorry up to eight times a day.Probably the same amount of times that any other person says "hello" or "how are you".It is almost like greetings to us!It was only when I was explaining how there are five steps of saying thank you when you buy something from a shop to a Mexican friend of mine that I realised how mad it sounded.
After some research online I have not been able to find any specific reasons why we are the way we are.I suppose for centuries manners and how we eat at the table and talk to other people have been the barriers between the lower and upper classes and represent your social status.Britain has traditionally been a quite conservative country.There are many articles suggesting that this seemingly polite attitude of always saying please and thank you is quite false because it is impossible to always feel that you want to thank someone or say please.
Maybe it is for this reason that people are going one of two ways：they are incredibly polite and hold back on their feelings or not polite at all，and express their true feelings.Some Brits are fed up of pretending that they are always content and having to please people.Sometimes because we feel we have to be polite，we are prevented from saying what we truly think.Do you think it is better to not hurt people's feelings and be polite or to let people know the truth？In your country what is the custom？I know in some countries if someone is considered to be doing their job，the clients think that they do not need to be thanked.
（1）What does the author think of the British way of saying "Thank you"？ 　 　
A．Normal.
B．Surprising.
C．Exciting.
D．Pleasing.
（2）What does the author want to find out？ 　 　
A．Why the British like to complain about the weather.
B．Why the British love their way of showing manners.
C．Why the British are fond of fish and chips so much.
D．Why the British have five steps of saying thank you.
（3）What does the author think manners stand for centuries？ 　 　
A．Wealth and health.
B．Social status.
C．Politeness.
D．Attitudes.
（4）Why do Brits feel sometimes they have to be polite？ 　 　
A．They want to express their true feelings.
B．They want to let people know the truth.
C．They are kept from saying what they think.
D．They want to represent their social status.
10．（2023春 定州市期末） Two managers in the same organization were coming into conflict when having disagreements in their work.After thinking about a particularly troubling issue throughout the night，the first manager wrote a letter to the other one，outlining his thoughts as reasonably as possible.He gave it to the other person and asked him to read it later and suggested that after working through their anger，they discuss it again.
The following day the first manager stopped by the office of the other and asked how it would go.The second one admitted that he was very upset at first，but after thinking it over he realized that most of their disagreements were for a lack of understanding.He stated that he felt if they could discuss it without losing their tempers，they could work things out.That is exactly what they did later and got the issue settled with flying colors （成功地）.
American president Abraham Lincoln was known for writing two letters when he needed to communicate with someone else who had made him angry.He first wrote a letter that severely conveyed just what he thought.Then he tore up that letter and wrote a second one that was appropriate and reasonable，and sent the letter out.
Effective communication is the key to any relationship.When we allow ourselves to become emotional and react immediately to what we feel without thinking，emotions overwhelm （压倒） the situation and prevent true communication.Step back，think evaluate what happened or what was said，and ask to clarify questions if it is needed.Then，you can respond appropriately.
Don't let overwhelming emotion control your life.Instead，choose to think and process internally whatever comes your way before externally responding.That is when you can communicate with others effectively and you will be able to keep good relationships with them.
（1）What did the first manager do in his letter？ 　 　
A．He expressed his general ideas reasonably.
B．He explained why the issue was troubling.
C．He apologized to the second manager sincerely.
D．He invited the second manager to discuss the issue.
（2）What is the story of Lincoln intended to express？ 　 　
A．Any great man can get angry.
B．Making plan B is necessary in work.
C．Writing letters was very popular in the past.
D．We should deal with matters after calming down.
（3）What will reacting immediately without thinking probably lead to？ 　 　
A．A bad first impression.
B．Ineffective communication.
C．The high chance of failure.
D．The breakdown of a relationship.
（4）What should people do for better communication？ 　 　
A．Learn to answer questions indirectly.
B．Avoid anger to keep good relationships.
C．Never be overwhelmed by your emotions.
D．Think reasonably before making a decision.
11．（2023春 鲤城区校级期末） Scientist Erika Nesvold once asked a company aiming to mine the moon how he planned to address risks that mining equipment might carry microbes （微生物） from Earth and pollute the moon.The response： "We'll worry about that later."
That's an irresponsible mindset when it comes to preparing for people to live and work in space，Nesvold argues in her new book，Off﹣Earth. "...adopting a 'worry about it later' attitude...strikes me as a path to repeating the tragedies of that history through ignorance." Nesvold writes.
Off﹣Earth is an extension of her 2017 podcast （播客），Making New Worlds，which asked ethical （伦理的） questions about space settlement.The book takes some of the same questions and expands on them.
Most chapters start with three short scenes，usually from different time periods.A chapter outlining debates over whether to settle space at all starts by asking the reader to imagine being in the 1600s and deciding to uproot your family and head to the New World.A chapter on how land usage and ownership rights might work in space imagines a person recently freed from slavery in the U.S.South in 1865 and worrying that the new president will take back the land they finally own.The third scene is usually set in the year 2100，on a space settlement.
Then Nesvold examines how various ethical scenarios （场景） related to the chapter's theme might play out in space.She quotes experts in fields that don't often come up in space science：ethics，philosophy，law.This approach is a departure from many books about the future of life on the final frontier，forcing readers to face hard realities and possible points of friction.To have the best chance of avoiding disaster，the time to consider those questions is now，not later，even though space settlement may be decades or centuries away，Nesvold argues.
Off﹣Earth should be required reading for anyone who dreams about living in space and can help make our earthbound civilizations better too.
（1）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1？ 　 　
A．To clarify a concept.
B．To introduce a topic.
C．To make a prediction.
D．To generate a discussion.
（2）What set（s） Off﹣Earth apart from others？ 　 　
A．Its writing style.
B．Its text structure.
C．Its story elements.
D．Its writing techniques.
（3）What's Nesvold's attitude to space settlement？ 　 　
A．Cautious.
B．Unclear.
C．Intolerant.
D．Disapproving.
（4）What is the text？ 　 　
A．A short story.
B．A news report.
C．A book review.
D．A research essay.
12．（2023春 阜阳期末） At its core，social media is about advertising，but not just in terms of the products.Users are advertising themselves，making themselves look special and happy，no matter how many filters （滤镜） it takes.This can actually be damaging，especially to younger people.Because they traditionally look to their peers （同龄人） to help them determine what's normal and who they should desire to be，and they particularly fear the social exclusion that comes from not fitting in with their peer group's expectations.
With social media，their peers appear light years ahead in terms of wealth，beauty，and access to the kind of overall resources most of us can only dream of.The problem is that most of them achieved their fabulousness （难以置信的美好） through pure luck.
That's why the core of our advice，for both adults and kids，begins with learning to accept what you can and can't control，especially during those times when making things better isn't really possible.And the one thing you can control when life sucks （令人不愉快） is knowing your standards for being a good person and living up to those standards regardless of how you feel or look or what other people think.
Being a good person isn't about being perfect or ultra﹣unselfish；you don't need to work in a soup kitchen or donate a kidney in order to qualify.In part，that's because helping others must always come second to doing the smaller things required every day to take care of your own responsibilities and live up to your own values.
After explaining these ideas to their kids，parents can ask them to think about what they can and can't control given how often life is just plain unfair.They can also ask their kids to think about the qualities they admire in people they believe to be good.This way，parents aren't lecturing their kids about the importance of real values but encouraging them to make up their own minds about the values they find important.After all，people of any age are much more likely to make smart decisions if they're asked to think through issues carefully and determine the right thing on their own，rather than being pushed in that direction.
（1）Why are kids more likely to be harmed by social media according to paragraph 1？ 　 　
A．They lack self﹣discipline.
B．They cannot distinguish good from bad.
C．They often have unhealthy online habits.
D．They tend to compare themselves with their peers.
（2）What is the first step toward reducing the harm caused by social media？ 　 　
A．Accepting reality.
B．Finding a role model.
C．Ignoring others' opinions.
D．Having an optimistic attitude toward life.
（3）What is the purpose of paragraph 4？ 　 　
A．To suggest how we can be a good person.
B．To state that helping others makes us perfect.
C．To explain the importance of living up to our values.
D．To clear up possible misunderstandings about being a good person.
（4）What is the key message of the last paragraph？ 　 　
A．Parents should have regular communication with their kids.
B．Parents should motivate their kids' inner drive.
C．Children should be taught about real values.
D．Children should make clever decisions.
13．（2023春 泰安期末） The quote "Travel far enough，you meet yourself." by English author David Mitchell may seem cryptic （含义隐晦的） and silly to many.But if you reflect on the meaning of this statement there's actually something very deep about it.
The more experiences you have in life，the more you will find yourself diverging out （分歧） into new and different places，both physically and mentally.If you travel far enough，you will eventually find yourself back at the same place you started from，but your mind will be stretched by all of your journeys along the way.There are a few different ways we can interpret a phrase like travelling far enough.If you think about it literally，there is probably some amount of distance that we need to go.In doing so when we get to our destination，we will see everything with new eyes.
We may be surprised by what we see and change our outlook on life.This interpretation could apply to how people interact in their everyday lives.People have prejudices，stereotypes （刻板印象） and judgments towards other people based on where they live or grew up.When we travel outside those communities or countries，we learn to appreciate those differences rather than hold them against others.
Another interpretation is one that focuses on feeling confident and comfortable with ourselves while being far away from where we normally hang out and spend time，at home or work.It's easy to get on a track where we see our habits and routine as comforting.But it's important that we push our boundaries if we are ever going to make any kind of progress in life.
So take a leap into unknown territory.Explore places that you haven't been to before.You can change your viewpoint and gain some perspective on who you are as a person.
（1）What does the author think of "Travel far enough，you meet yourself."？ 　 　
A．Stupid.
B．Confusing.
C．Negotiable.
D．Logical.
（2）What can be concluded from the literal sense of the quote？ 　 　
A．Travelling can make us more open.
B．We can discover true selves in travelling.
C．Travelling far enough changes who we are.
D．We should avoid judging others while travelling.
（3）What should we do to make progress in life according to Paragraph 4？ 　 　
A．Travel to far places.
B．Expand our comfort zone.
C．Focus on positive feelings.
D．Quit old habits and routines.
（4）What might be the best title for the text？ 　 　
A．How Can We Walk Out of Our Comfort Zone？
B．How Do We Change Our Mindset and Feel Comfortable？
C．What Does Travelling Alone Teach Us About Ourselves？
D．What Does "Travel Far Enough You Meet Yourself" Mean？
14．（2023春 滨海新区期末） Personal growth doesn't necessarily only happen when the conditions are perfect.Seeds tend to develop only when conditions are right.A seed will remain dormant （休眠） until moisture （湿度） and temperature are favorable for growth.Unfortunately，as humans，we don't always have the luxury of growing when conditions are just right.Sometimes you must cultivate （培育） personal growth and flower where you're planted，often in spite of external circumstances.
For much of my life，I let external circumstances control my happiness.If things weren't going well，then I wasn't well.I told myself that I would be happier if conditions were right.With this mindset，I gave myself permission to stay emotionally dormant.I was waiting for things around me to change before I would do the work to become a better version of myself.In other words.I made my personal growth conditional on external circumstances.
The problem with waiting for change outside of yourself is that you might have to wait a very long time，maybe even forever.And if you stay dormant while waiting，you aren't growing.You're simply stuck in place.You certainly aren't becoming the better version of yourself that you want to be.
If you want to engage in personal growth，like planting seeds，you have to do some work to make it happen.You can't wait around for everything to fall into place.Start with pulling up your emotional weeds.Examine yourself and remove the pessimistic thoughts and behaviors that are holding you back.Then，work on the foundation that you have.Practice positive life habits that build your self﹣respect and happiness.
Personal growth is something you can fight for.It may not come naturally，but when you develop this mindset，you will flower no matter where you're planted.
（1）What does the author intend to highlight in the first paragraph？ 　 　
A．The influence of external circumstances.
B．The importance of personal effort in growth.
C．The lack of perfect conditions for growth.
D．The cost of waiting for the right conditions.
（2）Which of the following affected the author's growth most in the past？ 　 　
A．The positive life habits.
B．The outside circumstances.
C．The personal experiences.
D．The will to improve himself.
（3）Which one is incorrect based on the author's perception of waiting？ 　 　
A．Waiting takes you a long time，even forever.
B．Waiting is a form of stagnation.
C．Waiting maybe stuck you in place.
D．Waiting may make you more outstanding.
（4）What does the author suggest you do to better yourself？ 　 　
A．Look for the right conditions.
B．Get emotionally prepared for failures.
C．Stop waiting and take action.
D．Keep yourself pure through gardening.
（5）What is the theme of this text？ 　 　
A．Happiness：You Are Your Own Master.
B．Life Journey：Persevere Till Efforts Bear Fruits.
C．Growth：Flower in Any Circumstances.
D．Life Changes：The Chance Is in Your Possession.
15．（2023春 邯郸期末） Whether your kid can count on a sizable inheritance（遗产） or your family is living pay period to pay period，a college degree is a must.Along with the invisible life skills you get from those formative years on campus，college comes with a bankable payout：A Georgetown University study found that，on average，college graduates make a million dollars more over a lifetime than people who stop at high school.
Recently，a Bronx nonprofit asked me to speak to a group of high schoolers whose families were struggling financially.The participants were （rightly） worried about taking on too much college debt.Here's what I told them：Even when you subtract（扣除） tuition，lost earnings during the college years，and other factors，an average college grad will still take in ﹩300，000 more than those without a college degree.
And while rising tuition fees are a serious worry，free college programs of one kind or another have sprung up in more than 20 states.My own home state，New York，boasts one of the most comprehensive efforts.The Excelsior Scholarship program guarantee s that students at public institutions attend tuition﹣free if their family earns under ﹩110，000 a year.
Even in Silicon Valley，where there are many successful people who don't own a college degree，I asked a group of parents there if it's true that kids are giving up a college degree because they're sure they'll be rich people.The answer was a resounding，unapologetic no.
The truth is that in this STEM（science，technology，engineering and math）﹣centricage，any form of home﹣schooling or social education can't replace the formal school education.Especially in an age when many low﹣end careers are being replaced by artificial intelligence （AI），a college degree can give your kid an edge.
（1）In writing paragraph 1，the author aims to 　 　 .
A．propose a definition
B．make a comparison
C．give an example
D．present an argument
（2）What can we infer from the text？ 　 　
A．Free college programs are available all over the USA.
B．In the STEM﹣centric age，a college degree is essential.
C．In New York，all public school students are tuition﹣free.
D．Children from rich families don't need a college degree.
（3）What is happening to the low﹣end careers？ 　 　
A．They are developing very rapidly.
B．They are all being engaged by AI.
C．They are all depending on a degree.
D．They are disappearing because of AI.
（4）Which is the most suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A．Why do you need a college degree？
B．Where can you enjoy free education？
C．What is a must in the STEM﹣centric age？
D．How much do people with a degree earn in US？
期末核心考点 议论文阅读理解
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．（2023春 福建期末） How AI will transform education is very important to schools such as mine，teachers such as me，and hardworking care﹣givers such as the parents in my community.Could AI get our children to grasp new concepts and skills？Might AI be better equipped to help them exploit their own intelligence？After a few days watching my children use artificial intelligence﹣based learning tools，I can tell you the short answer is NO.
Human intelligence is different from the computer's.For one，human intelligence can not be measured.The brain is plastic，always developing and growing as we learn from our environments.In addition，human intelligence relies on human interaction.Exercising our intelligence is something we do naturally as we connect with others，consider the world around us and seek to improve our relationship to that world.
In education，there has been a movement toward social﹣emotional and problem﹣based learning.So educators attempt to motivate interest in subjects and skills by turning learning moments into communal （共有的） problem﹣solving events.When we combine analytical learning with social﹣ emotional learning，students become mastered in the material we want them to know and get more excited about the learning process.
Using AI looks very different from this.AI learning often involves an individual working alone with a computer program.It can crowd source information to help students find facts about their environment，solve a problem and come up with a creative way forward.But AI doesn't force students to think through or keep anything.And simply being fed facts and information is not the same as "learning".
It is fascinating to imagine that AI might cure what annoys us.Many parents don't have the resources﹣in time，money or energy—to teach their kids at home.If AI could fill the gaps，how great，right？Yet the nature of AI "teaching" as it currently exists means that students merely level up without learning.When it comes to developing intelligence，nothing can beat what we humans have been doing，face to face，for centuries.
（1）What do we know about human intelligence according to paragraph 2？ 　D　
A．It is measured easily
B．It is of great significance
C．It is related to education
D．It is changeable and interactive
（2）What can be inferred about AI learning from paragraph 4？ 　D　
A．It is widely used at school.
B．It makes no difference to education.
C．It helps develop students' intelligence
D．It does little help with students' true learning.
（3）What is the author's attitude to AI learning？ 　C　
A．Unclear
B．Neutral
C．Disapproving
D．Favorable
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ 　A　
A．Could AI Really Teach Students
B．Should students Use AI Frequently
C．How Students Use AI in Their Study
D．How Teachers Interact with Students
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这篇文章主要讨论了人工智能如何改变教育，以及作者对此的观点。作者观察了自己的孩子使用基于人工智能的学习工具后得出结论，认为人工智能无法帮助孩子掌握新概念和技能，也无法更好地帮助他们发挥自己的智力。人类的智力与计算机的智能不同，人类智力无法被衡量，而且依赖于人际互动。教育中越来越注重社交情感和问题解决学习，而人工智能学习通常是个体与计算机程序单独工作。人工智能可以帮助学生找到信息、解决问题和寻找创新的方法，但它不能强迫学生思考或保留任何东西。最后，作者认为在发展智力方面，没有什么能比得上人类面对面的教育。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段For one，human intelligence can not be measured.The brain is plastic，always developing and growing as we learn from our environments.In addition，human intelligence relies on human interaction. （首先，人类的智力是无法测量的。大脑是可塑的，总是随着我们从环境中学习而发展和成长。此外，人类的智能依赖于人类的互动。）可知，人类的智能因大脑的发展成长而一直在改变，同时也存在互动性。所以"D．It is changeable and interactive它是可变的和交互式的"正确。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段AI learning often involves an individual working alone with a computer program.It can crowd source information to help students find facts about their environment，solve a problem and come up with a creative way forward.But AI doesn't force students to think through or keep anything.And simply being fed facts and information is not the same as 'learning'. （人工智能学习通常需要一个人单独使用计算机程序。它可以集中资源信息，帮助学生找到有关环境的事实，解决问题，并提出创造性的前进道路。但人工智能不会强迫学生思考或保留任何东西。简单地接受事实和信息与'学习'是不一样的。）可知，人工智能学习的过程中，学生只是简单的接受事实和信息，没有思考或保留任何东西，并不是真正意义上的学习，所以对于学生的学习没什么帮助。所以"D．It does little help with students' true learning.它对学生真正的学习没有什么帮助。"正确。故选D。
（3）观点态度题。根据第一段After a few days watching my children use artificial intelligence﹣based learning tools，I can tell you the short answer is NO. （在观察了我的孩子们使用基于人工智能的学习工具几天后，我可以告诉你简短的答案是否定的。）以及最后一段Many parents don't have the resources—in time，money or energy—to teach their kids at home.If AI could fill the gaps，how great，right？Yet the nature of AI 'teaching' as it currently exists means that students merely level up without learning.When it comes to developing intelligence，nothing can beat what we humans have been doing，face to face，for centuries. （许多父母没有足够的资源，无论是时间、金钱还是精力，在家教育孩子。如果人工智能能填补这些空白，那该有多好，对吧？然而，目前存在的人工智能'教学'的本质意味着，学生只是在没有学习的情况下升级。说到发展智力，没有什么能比得上几个世纪以来我们人类面对面所做的事情。）可知，作者认为发展只能还得靠人类面对面的教学，许多父母因没有足够的资源，无论是时间、金钱还是精力，在家教育孩子，而选择人工智能教孩子，其实人工智能并没有填补这些空白，故作者对人工智能是不赞同的。A．Unclear不清楚的；B．Neutral中立的；C．Disapproving反对的；D．Favorable支持的。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段How AI will transform education is very important to schools such as mine，teachers such as me，and hardworking care﹣givers such as the parents in my community.Could AI get our children to grasp new concepts and skills？Might AI be better equipped to help them exploit their own intelligence？After a few days watching my children use artificial intelligence﹣based learning tools，I can tell you the short answer is NO. （人工智能将如何改变教育，对于像我这样的学校、像我这样的老师，以及像我所在社区的父母这样勤奋的照顾者来说，都是非常重要的。人工智能能让我们的孩子掌握新的概念和技能吗？人工智能是否能更好地帮助人类开发自己的智力？在观察了我的孩子们使用基于人工智能的学习工具几天后，我可以告诉你简短的答案是否定的。）可知，作者列出多个问题，引出本文主题：人工智能能否教学生，所以"A．Could AI Really Teach Students人工智能真的能教学生吗？"适合作标题，故选A。
【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
2．（2023春 福州期末）Given how valuable intelligence and automation are，we will continue to improve our technology if we are at all able to.At a certain point，we will build machines that are smarter than we are.Once we have machines that are smarter than we are，they will begin to improve themselves.The concern is really that we will build machines that are much more competent than we are.And the slightest divergence （分歧） between their goals and our own could destroy us.
Just think about how we relate to ants.We don't hate them.We don't go out of our way to harm them.In fact，sometimes we take pains not to harm them.We step over them on the sidewalk.But whenever their presence seriously conflicts with one of our goals，we will kill them without hesitation.The concern is that we will one day build machines that，whether they're conscious or not，could treat us with similar disregard.
The bare fact is that we will continue to improve our intelligent machines.We have problems that we desperately need to solve.So we will do this，if we can.The train is already out of the station，and there's no brake to pull.If we build machines that are more intelligent than we are，they will very likely develop in ways that we can't imagine，and transcend us in ways that we can't imagine.
So imagine we hit upon a design of super intelligent AI that has no safety concerns.This machine would be the perfect labor﹣saving device.It can design the machine that can build the machine which can do any physical work，powered by sunlight，more or less for the cost of raw materials.So we're talking bout the end of human labour.We're also talking about the end of most intellectual work.So what would apes like ourselves do in these circumstances？
But the moment we admit that information processing is the source of intelligence，we have to admit that we are in the process of building some sort of god.Now would be a good time to make sure it's a god we can live with.
（1）Why does the author mention ants in Paragraph 2？ 　D　
A．To compare intelligent machines to ants.
B．To show improved machines will get away from us.
C．To stress the presence of machines does conflict with our goals.
D．To explain future intelligent machines could treat us without mercy
（2）What does the underlined word "transcend" in Paragraph 3 mean？ 　D　
A．Disable.
B．Inspire.
C．Disappoint.
D．Outpace.
（3）How is the passage mainly developed？ 　B　
A．By making comparisons.
B．By giving assumptions.
C．By showing valid evidence.
D．By analyzing statistics
（4）Which of the following statements can best summarize the author's viewpoint towards Al？ 　C　
A．Human beings will no doubt be destroyed by AI in the future
B．Super intelligent AI will put an end to human labour eventually.
C．We should keep the development of AI within humans' control.
D．Human beings should stop the development of super intelligent AL.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章通过假设说明，对于未来的智能机器，我们人类应该把人工智能的发展控制在人类的控制之内。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中We don't hate them.We don't go out of our way to harm them.In fact，sometimes we take pains not to harm them.We step over them on the sidewalk.But whenever their presence seriously conflicts with one of our goals，we will kill them without hesitation.The concern is that we will one day build machines that，whether they're conscious or not，could treat us with similar disregard.（我们不恨它们。我们不会特意去伤害它们。事实上，有时候我们尽量不伤害它们。我们在人行道上跨过它们。但只要它们的存在与我们的目标严重冲突，我们就会毫不犹豫地杀死它们。我们担心有一天我们会制造出机器，无论它们是否有意识，它们都可以同样漠视我们）可知，此处提到平时我们对待蚂蚁时尽量不伤害它们，而当蚂蚁的存在和我们的目标冲突时，我们会好不犹豫地杀死它们。拿此事例类比我们未来制造的智能机器，可以证明机器对待我们时也会一样的残忍。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据划线词前半部分If we build machines that are more intelligent than we are，they will very likely develop in ways that we can't imagine（如果我们制造出比我们更聪明的机器，它们很可能以我们无法想象的方式发展）可知，当机器人比我们更聪明时，它们的一些方式可能是我们无法想象，甚至在某些方面会超出我们的想象，所以划线词此处指"超越"，A项Disable"使失去能力"；B项Inspire"启发，鼓舞"；C项Disappoint"使失望"；D项Outpace"超越"。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段中The concern is that we will one day build machines that，whether they're conscious or not，could treat us with similar disregard.（我们担心有一天我们会制造出机器，无论它们是否有意识，它们都可以同样漠视我们）第三段中If we build machines that are more intelligent than we are，they will very likely develop in ways that we can't imagine（如果我们制造出比我们更聪明的机器，它们很可能以我们无法想象的方式发展）第四段中So imagine we hit upon a design of super intelligent AI that has no safety concerns.（所以想象一下，我们偶然发现了一个超级智能人工智能的设计，它没有任何安全隐患）可知，文章主要是通过假设来论证文章的主题。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第一段At a certain point，we will build machines that are smarter than we are.Once we have machines that are smarter than we are，they will begin to improve themselves.The concern is really that we will build machines that are much more competent than we are.And the slightest divergence between their goals and our own could destroy us.（在某种程度上，我们会建造比我们更聪明的机器。一旦我们有了比我们更聪明的机器，它们就会开始自我改进。真正令人担忧的是，我们将制造出比我们更有竞争力的机器。他们的目标和我们的目标稍有不同就会毁了我们）可知，当机器比我们人类更智能时，它们就会开始自我改进，制造出比我们更有竞争力的机器。当他们的目标和我们的目标稍有不同就会毁了我们。根据最后一段But the moment we admit that information processing is the source of intelligence，we have to admit that we are in the process of building some sort of god.Now would be a good time to make sure it's a god we can live with.（ 但是，一旦我们承认信息处理是智慧的源泉，我们就必须承认，我们正在建造某种上帝。现在是个好时机，我们要确保这是一个我们可以与之共存的神）可知，我们人类应该要确保智能机器与我们人类共存，即我们人类要让智能机器置于我们的控制之内。故选C。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
3．（2023秋 深圳期末） A man recently connected with me on LinkedIn and sent me this note： "Let me know if you ever need a writer."I guess he's a writer？I don't know.But I do know this phrase "Let me know if you ever need a…"shows up a lot，in my inbox and surely yours，too.I've come to think of it as the eight most deadly words in selling oneself because that phrase is the death of opportunity.
Let's consider the approach.These people are being standoffish.Rather than selling themselves，they're shifting the burden onto someone else to make the sale.If I need a writer，I should reach out to them.If I need a story，I should ask them for an interview.If I need a customer service solution，I should ask them for details. "Let me know if you ever need a..."sounds like an invitation，but it's really a shrug.
Imagine the situation where I'd assign a story to the writer who used the nine words， "Let me know if you ever need a writer."Just anyone who can string words together.I would have needed to be in a panic，so desperate for someone to contribute to our magazine that I'd stopped thinking about great writers or good writers，or even serviceable writers and simply settled for：a writer.This isn't a situation that exists.The world is full of good options!We are not living in times of shortage.If we need a job done，there are plenty of qualified people to do it.Our question is：Who's the best？
If you want to create opportunity for yourself，answer that question convincingly.The first thing to do is show someone you are the opportunity.Hiring you can help them.We also need to stop hiding behind ourselves.Get out in front!Sell yourself and your amazing abilities.Understand someone's problem，and explain exactly why you are the solution.Avoid saying "Let me know if you ever need a…".Instead，start with："Let me explain how I can help you."
（1）What do we know from the author's experience？ 　D　
A．We'd better start our own careers as early as possible.
B．The author prefers to hire his employees on LinkedIn.
C．The phrase "Let me know if you ever need a..."is useful.
D．Many people use the wrong opening sentence to sell themselves.
（2）What does the underlined word"standoffish" mean in Paragraph 2？ 　B　
A．Frank and open.
B．Unfriendly and proud.
C．Unsure and sensitive.
D．Concerned and confident.
（3）What can be inferred from Paragraph 3？ 　D　
A．The author is in desperate need of a writer's help.
B．There are very few great writers available nowadays.
C．Anyone who can string words together is a good writer.
D．The author isn't interested in the writer using the nine words.
（4）What is the text mainly about？ 　A　
A．Ways of selling oneself.
B．Tips for job interviews.
C．Preparations for landing a job.
D．Requirements for common jobs.
【答案】DBDA
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了错误的自我推销开场白会导致机会的丧失，并告知大家正确的推销自我的办法。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的I've come to think of it as the eight most deadly words in selling oneself because that phrase is the death of opportunity.（我认为这是推销自己时最致命的八个词，因为这句话意味着机会的丧失。）可知，作者认为"你若需要请联系我"是错误的自我推销的开场白，因为这句话意味着机会的丧失。故选D。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Rather than selling themselves，they're shifting the burden onto someone else to make the sale.If I need a writer，I should reach out to them.（他们不是在推销自己，而是在把负担转嫁给其他人来推销。如果我需要一位作家，我应该联系他们。）"和"'Let me know if you ever need a ...' sounds like an invitation，but it's really a shrug.（"如果你需要……请告诉我。"听起来像是邀请，但实际上是满不在乎的心态）可知，说这句话的人不是在推销自己，而是将推销重任转移到其他人身上。如果"我"需要撰稿人，"我"应该联系他们。"你若需要请联系我"听起来像邀请，实际上显示出的却是满不在乎的心态。所以"standoffish"这里应该是不友好、傲慢的意思。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段中的I would have needed to be in a panic，so desperate for someone to contribute to our magazine that I'd stopped thinking about great writers or good writers，or even serviceable writers and simply settled for：a writer.（我本需要陷入恐慌，如此渴望有人为我们的杂志撰稿，以至于我不再考虑伟大的作家或优秀的作家，甚至是有用的作家，而只是满足于：一个作家我本需要处于恐慌，如此迫切希望有人为杂志投稿，以至于我停止考虑伟大的作者或优秀的作者，甚至有用的作家作家和简单的安顿：作家）可知，作者使用虚拟句暗示他对使用"你若需要请联系我"这样推销话术的撰稿人的不满意，不会雇佣他们。故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段A man recently connected with me on LinkedIn and sent me this note： "Let me know if you ever need a writer."I guess he's a writer？I don't know.But I do know this phrase "Let me know if you ever need a…"shows up a lot，in my inbox and surely yours，too.I've come to think of it as the eight most deadly words in selling oneself because that phrase is the death of opportunity.（最近，一个男人在领英上与我联系，给我发了一条短信："如果你需要作家，请告诉我。"我猜他是作家吧我不知道。但我知道"如果你需要……请告诉我"这句话经常出现在我的收件箱里，当然也出现在你的收件箱里。我认为这是推销自己最致命的八个词，因为这句话意味着机会的丧失）。和最后一段If you want to create opportunity for yourself，answer that question convincingly.The first thing to do is show someone you are the opportunity.Hiring you can help them.We also need to stop hiding behind ourselves.Get out in front!Sell yourself and your amazing abilities.Understand someone's problem，and explain exactly why you are the solution.Avoid saying "Let me know if you ever need a…".Instead，start with："Let me explain how I can help you.（如果你想为自己创造机会，就要有说服力地回答这个问题。首先要做的是向别人展示你有机会。雇佣你可以帮助他们。我们也需要停止躲在自己后面。站在前面！推销自己和你惊人的能力。了解别人的问题，并准确解释为什么你是解决方案。避免说"如果你需要……请告诉我"。相反，从"让我解释我如何帮助你"开始"）可知，全文主要讲的是推销自我的办法。故选A。
【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
4．（2024春 天心区校级期末） I wanted to set myself the writing challenge of citing some of the many positive things about having a baby.It's addressed to one person，but I hope that those who find themselves at a similar crossroads get help from it.
To my friend A，
All you ever seem to hear about parenthood is negative.I do not feel this.You create a new life in that child，and with that baby，you get a new life，too.When I became a mother，my own mother's embrace，and my father's，not to mention my extended family's，have kept me going.
We are used to hearing about how motherhood limits your life，less so about how it can expand it.I have always believed that life is fundamentally about human relationships，and having a baby has enhanced mine.Becoming a mother—and giving birth—has enhanced my feelings of solidarity with other women.Parenting has also allowed me to experience childhood again.I have always wanted to give someone else a childhood.My wide﹣eyed little boy is at the stage where he is simply in love with the world，and that love is thrillingly unconditional.It is a privilege to witness，and it makes me determined to maintain it for him as much as I am able to，because his laugh is the best sound that I have ever heard.
A note about sleep：you will be OK﹣you've had enough wild nights to know you can cope.And you can get your body back，whatever that might mean to you.As for your career，it's normal to worry.I speak only for myself when I say that I wish I had spent less time worrying beforehand about how I would write.I have far less time，now，but I'm still writing.Even a paragraph a day adds up to a novel，eventually.There is so much untapped joy and love there waiting for you，and I hope I've given you a small glimpse of some of it to hold on to.
（1）Who might be the intended audience for this article？ 　B　
A．Self﹣centered parents.
B．Those fearing to have a baby.
C．Broken﹣hearted friends.
D．Those avoiding marriage.
（2）How does the author mainly make his arguments convincing？ 　A　
A．By explaining ideas.
B．By quoting sayings.
C．By comparing facts.
D．By concluding opinions.
（3）Why does the writer give examples of her writing in the last paragraph？ 　D　
A．To show how successful she was as a writer.
B．To note that where there is a will there is a way.
C．To tell her friend that giving birth is a piece of cake.
D．To persuade her friend not to worry about her career.
（4）Which column may the article be chosen from？ 　A　
A．Opinion.
B．Headline.
C．Health.
D．Culture.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者主要阐述了生孩子的好处。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。由第一段I wanted to set myself the writing challenge of citing some of the many positive things about having a baby.It's addressed to one person，but I hope that those who find themselves at a similar crossroads get help from it.（我想给自己设定一个写作挑战，列举一些关于生孩子的积极的事情。这是写给一个人的，但我希望那些发现自己处于类似十字路口的人能从中得到帮助。）可知，作者想写一些关于生孩子的积极的事情，故作者写信有助于劝慰那些害怕生孩子的人。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。由第三段All you ever seem to hear about parenthood is negative.I do not feel this.You create a new life in that child，and with that baby，you get a new life，too.（你听过的关于为人父母的事都是负面的。我没有这种感觉。你在孩子身上创造了新生活，有了孩子，你也有了新生活。）可知，作者解释了自己的想法。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。由最后一段As for your career，it's normal to worry.I speak only for myself when I say that I wish I had spent less time worrying beforehand about how I would write.I have far less time，now，but I'm still writing.Even a paragraph a day adds up to a novel，eventually.（至于你的事业，担心是正常的。我只代表我自己说，我希望事先花