Unit 4 Space exploration Discovering Useful Structures 课件（共25张）-2025-2026学年 人教版（2019）必修第三册
文档属性
| 名称 | Unit 4 Space exploration Discovering Useful Structures 课件（共25张）-2025-2026学年 人教版（2019）必修第三册 |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 481.6KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-06-14 22:32:33 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
(共25张PPT)
非谓语
一、什么是非谓语动词？
非谓语动词（Non-finite Verbs）是动词的非限定形式，不能独立充当谓语，但保留动词的部分特征（如可带宾语/状语）。
关键区别：
- 谓语动词：受主语人称/时态限制
（如：She teaches English）。
非谓语动词：不受主语人称/时态限制
（如：To teach English is her dream）。
二、非谓语动词的三大种类
不定式（Infinitive）
形式：to + 动词原形（如：to study, to eat）
功能：表目的、将来、未发生的动作。
例句：- To master English requires practice.（主语）
- She wants to become a doctor.（宾语）
2. 动名词（Gerund）
形式：动词+ing（如：swimming, reading）
功能：表习惯性、已发生的动作，可作名词使用。
例句：- Swimming is good for health.（主语）
- He enjoys playing basketball.（宾语）
3. 分词（Participle）
现在分词（-ing）：表主动或进行
（如：The boring movie made us sleepy）。
过去分词（-ed/不规则）：表被动或完成
（如：The broken window needs repair）。
三、非谓语动词的功能
1. 不定式的功能
主语 To learn English well is important.
宾语 I want to go home now.
表语 My dream is to become a doctor.
定语 I have a lot of work to do.
状语 He came to see me yesterday. (目的)
补语 I asked him to help me.
2. 动名词的功能
主语 Swimming is good for health.
宾语 I enjoy reading novels.
表语 Her job is teaching English.
定语 a swimming pool
介词宾语 Thank you for helping me.
3. 分词的功能
定语 The sleeping baby is cute. (现在分词)
The broken window needs repair. (过去分词)
表语 The news is exciting. (现在分词)
I'm interested in music. (过去分词)
补语 I saw him crossing the street. (现在分词)
I had my hair cut yesterday. (过去分词)
状语 Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. (现在分词)
Given more time, I could do better. (过去分词)
四、非谓语动词的时态和语态
1. 不定式
时态/语态 主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing /
完成式 to have done to have been done
时态/语态 主动 被动
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
2. 动名词
3. 分词
时态/语态 主动 被动
一般式 doing done
完成式 having done having been done
五、易混淆点辨析
不定式 vs. 动名词
作宾语有些动词后只能接不定式，有些只能接动名词，有些两者皆可但意义不同。
只能接不定式：agree, decide, hope, refuse等
He refused to answer the question.
只能接动名词：enjoy, finish, avoid, mind等
She enjoys singing.
两者皆可但意义不同：
- Remember to do (记得要做某事)
- Remember doing (记得做过某事)
2. 现在分词 vs. 过去分词作定语/表语
现在分词表示主动或进行
过去分词表示被动或完成
比较：- a boring lecture (令人无聊的讲座)
- a bored student (感到无聊的学生)
It's no use ______ over spilt milk.
to cry b) crying c) cried
2. I heard him ______ in the next room.
sing b) to sing c) sung
3. The problem ______ at the meeting is very important.
a) discussed b) discussing c) to discuss
4. She was afraid ______ the dog.
of waking b) to wake c) woken
5. ______ the letter, he went out to post it.
a) Writing b) Having written c) Written
答案及解析：
b) crying (It's no use doing sth. 固定搭配)
2. a) sing (hear sb. do sth. 表示听到动作全过程)
3. a) discussed (过去分词作后置定语，表被动)
4. b) to wake (be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事)
5. b) Having written (现在分词完成式表示动作发生在谓语之前)
用括号中动词的正确非谓语形式填空
I regret ______ (tell) you that your application has been rejected.
2. ______ (work) hard, he finally passed the exam.
3. The book ______ (write) by Lu Xun is very popular.
4. It's dangerous ______ (swim) in this river.
5. The children were excited about ______ (go) to the zoo.
答案及解析：
to tell (regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事)
2. Having worked (现在分词完成式表示动作发生在谓语之前)
3. written (过去分词作后置定语，表被动)
4. to swim (It's dangerous to do sth. 固定句型)
5. going (about是介词，后接动名词)
翻译练习
为了避免被罚款，他及时支付了账单。
答案：To avoid being fined, he paid the bill on time.
讲解：不定式表目的，被动用being fined
2. 被老师表扬的学生是我的弟弟。
答案：The student praised by the teacher is my younger brother.
- 讲解：过去分词作后置定语表被动
非谓语
一、什么是非谓语动词？
非谓语动词（Non-finite Verbs）是动词的非限定形式，不能独立充当谓语，但保留动词的部分特征（如可带宾语/状语）。
关键区别：
- 谓语动词：受主语人称/时态限制
（如：She teaches English）。
非谓语动词：不受主语人称/时态限制
（如：To teach English is her dream）。
二、非谓语动词的三大种类
不定式（Infinitive）
形式：to + 动词原形（如：to study, to eat）
功能：表目的、将来、未发生的动作。
例句：- To master English requires practice.（主语）
- She wants to become a doctor.（宾语）
2. 动名词（Gerund）
形式：动词+ing（如：swimming, reading）
功能：表习惯性、已发生的动作，可作名词使用。
例句：- Swimming is good for health.（主语）
- He enjoys playing basketball.（宾语）
3. 分词（Participle）
现在分词（-ing）：表主动或进行
（如：The boring movie made us sleepy）。
过去分词（-ed/不规则）：表被动或完成
（如：The broken window needs repair）。
三、非谓语动词的功能
1. 不定式的功能
主语 To learn English well is important.
宾语 I want to go home now.
表语 My dream is to become a doctor.
定语 I have a lot of work to do.
状语 He came to see me yesterday. (目的)
补语 I asked him to help me.
2. 动名词的功能
主语 Swimming is good for health.
宾语 I enjoy reading novels.
表语 Her job is teaching English.
定语 a swimming pool
介词宾语 Thank you for helping me.
3. 分词的功能
定语 The sleeping baby is cute. (现在分词)
The broken window needs repair. (过去分词)
表语 The news is exciting. (现在分词)
I'm interested in music. (过去分词)
补语 I saw him crossing the street. (现在分词)
I had my hair cut yesterday. (过去分词)
状语 Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. (现在分词)
Given more time, I could do better. (过去分词)
四、非谓语动词的时态和语态
1. 不定式
时态/语态 主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing /
完成式 to have done to have been done
时态/语态 主动 被动
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
2. 动名词
3. 分词
时态/语态 主动 被动
一般式 doing done
完成式 having done having been done
五、易混淆点辨析
不定式 vs. 动名词
作宾语有些动词后只能接不定式，有些只能接动名词，有些两者皆可但意义不同。
只能接不定式：agree, decide, hope, refuse等
He refused to answer the question.
只能接动名词：enjoy, finish, avoid, mind等
She enjoys singing.
两者皆可但意义不同：
- Remember to do (记得要做某事)
- Remember doing (记得做过某事)
2. 现在分词 vs. 过去分词作定语/表语
现在分词表示主动或进行
过去分词表示被动或完成
比较：- a boring lecture (令人无聊的讲座)
- a bored student (感到无聊的学生)
It's no use ______ over spilt milk.
to cry b) crying c) cried
2. I heard him ______ in the next room.
sing b) to sing c) sung
3. The problem ______ at the meeting is very important.
a) discussed b) discussing c) to discuss
4. She was afraid ______ the dog.
of waking b) to wake c) woken
5. ______ the letter, he went out to post it.
a) Writing b) Having written c) Written
答案及解析：
b) crying (It's no use doing sth. 固定搭配)
2. a) sing (hear sb. do sth. 表示听到动作全过程)
3. a) discussed (过去分词作后置定语，表被动)
4. b) to wake (be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事)
5. b) Having written (现在分词完成式表示动作发生在谓语之前)
用括号中动词的正确非谓语形式填空
I regret ______ (tell) you that your application has been rejected.
2. ______ (work) hard, he finally passed the exam.
3. The book ______ (write) by Lu Xun is very popular.
4. It's dangerous ______ (swim) in this river.
5. The children were excited about ______ (go) to the zoo.
答案及解析：
to tell (regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事)
2. Having worked (现在分词完成式表示动作发生在谓语之前)
3. written (过去分词作后置定语，表被动)
4. to swim (It's dangerous to do sth. 固定句型)
5. going (about是介词，后接动名词)
翻译练习
为了避免被罚款，他及时支付了账单。
答案：To avoid being fined, he paid the bill on time.
讲解：不定式表目的，被动用being fined
2. 被老师表扬的学生是我的弟弟。
答案：The student praised by the teacher is my younger brother.
- 讲解：过去分词作后置定语表被动