UNIT 2Natural disasters　分层跟踪检测(1)Welcome to the unit & Reading--2025译林版高中英语必修第三册同步练习题（含答案与解析）

2025译林版高中英语必修第三册
分层跟踪检测(一)Welcome to the unit & Reading
A级必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Everyone has feelings of anxiety,which is a normal 　　　　　　(react) to stress.
2.To write a good essay you must first organize your ideas in an 　　　　　(order) way.
3.After the 　　　　　　　(destruct) earthquake what people needed badly were blankets,as it was very cold at night.
4.It never occurred 　　　　　her to ask anyone when she was in trouble.
5.These stories can 　　　　　　(relief) my stress and broaden my horizon.
6.　　　　　　　(injure) in the training,Marbury couldn’t play in the basketball season.
7.John was studying in his room 　　　　　he heard a scream.
8.They two chattered away 　　　　　　 moment they saw each other.
9.There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes 　　　　　(fix) on the sink until it’s full.
10.Before reading this novel,please try to inform yourself 　　　　　the historical background of it.
Ⅱ.短语填空
at large,hold on to,safe and sound,occur to,keep one’s head,warn sb.of...,to one’s relief,make a difference,inform sb.of...,in the face of
1.Mr.White can 　　　　　　　　　　　in any emergency;he is never likely to panic.
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　 unfair social phenomena,we should not shrink from defending social justice.
3.A good idea 　　　　　　　　　　　　me when I woke up this morning.
4.Much 　　　　　　　　　　　　,the outcome of the general election is far better than we have expected before.
5.Failures hurt grown-ups and children alike,but it can 　　　　　　　　　　　　to your life once you learn to use it.
6.That change has not been accepted by the teachers 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
7.He made an apology to me for his not being able to keep me 　　　　　　　　　　the change in the plan.
8.They are leading a campaign to make teenagers 　　　　　　　　　　　　the dangers of drug abuse.
9.Seeing her son 　　　　　　　　　　at home,the mother breathed a sigh of relief.
10.He determined to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　this job whatever difficulties he might run into.
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.昨晚我睡得很熟,突然被某人的呻吟声吵醒了。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　I was awakened by someone’s groans.
2.这次,我们待在一起,以防有什么不寻常的事情发生。
This time,we stayed together,　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
3.我经常告诉妈妈开慢一点,这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路牌。
I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly,　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　all of the road signs we passed.
4.你一按按钮,机器就会启动。
　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,the machine will start.
5.如果你幸运地收到了礼物,把它们放在安全的地方。
If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts,　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
B级能力素养提升练
Ⅳ.阅读理解
A
Scientists say they’ve developed a system using machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike.The research was led by engineers from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Switzerland.
European researchers have estimated between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year.The strikes can also cause power outages(停电),destroy property,damage electrical equipment and start forest fires.For these reasons,climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict and control lightning.But no system has been created to effectively predict lightning.
The system tested in the experiments used a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods.The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.
The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas.The data related to four main surface conditions:air pressure,air temperature,relative humidity(湿度) and wind speed.
The atmospheric data was placed into a machine learning algorithm(算法),which compared it to records of lightning strikes.Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens.
Amirhossein Mostajabi is a PhD student at the institute who led the development of the method.He said,“Current systems for gathering such data are slow and complex and require costly collection equipment like radar or satellites.”
“Our method uses data that can be obtained from any weather station,” Mostajabi said.“This will improve data collection in very remote areas not covered by radar and satellites or in places where communication systems have been cut,” he added.
1.Why have climate scientists tried to predict and control lightning
A.To collect relative data.
B.To create a scientific system.
C.To do research in relation to machine learning.
D.To reduce the destruction lightning has been causing.
2.The four mentioned surface conditions include all the following EXCEPT 　　　.
A.wind speed
B.air pollution
C.relative humidity
D.air temperature
3.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to
A.Lightning.
B.The system being tested.
C.The atmospheric data.
D.The machine learning algorithm.
4.What can we learn about Mostajabi from the passage
A.He developed the method and the system by himself.
B.He thinks the current systems are too slow and simple.
C.He is a professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology.
D.He believes their system does much better in data collection.
B
Wild animals seem to have escaped the Indian Ocean tsunami,adding weight to the idea that they have a “sixth sense” for disasters,experts said on Thursday.
Sri Lanka wildlife officials have said the waves that killed over 24,000 people along the Indian Ocean island’s coast seemingly missed wild beasts,with no dead animals found.
“No elephants are dead,not even a dead hare or rabbit.I think animals can sense disaster.They have a ‘sixth sense’.They know when things are happening,”H.D.Ratnayake,director of Sri Lanka’s Wildlife Department,said on Wednesday.
The waves washed floodwaters up to 3 km (2 miles) inland at Yala National Park in the southeast,Sri Lanka’s biggest wildlife reserve and home to hundreds of wild elephants.“There has been a lot of evidence about dogs barking or birds migrating before volcanic eruptions or earthquakes.But it has not been proved,” said Matthew van Lierop,an animal behaviour specialist at Johannesburg Zoo.“There have been no specific studies because you can’t really test it in a lab or field setting,” he said.Other authorities agreed with this conclusion.
“Wildlife seems to be able to pick up certain signs,especially birds.There are many reports of birds detecting coming disasters,”said Clive Walker,who has written several books on African wildlife.
Animals certainly rely on the known senses such as smell or hearing to avoid danger such as predators.The idea of an animal’s “sixth sense” is a lasting one that the evidence on Sri Lanka’s damaged coast is likely to add to.
5.What happened after the Indian Ocean tsunami
A.Many people died but wild animals survived.
B.The “six sense” of wild animals developed.
C.Wild beasts were killed or went missing.
D.The coast was found in good condition.
6.What does H.D.Ratnayake do
A.He is a zoo keeper.
B.He is a wildlife official.
C.He is a movie director.
D.He is an animal behaviour expert.
7.What is the text mainly about
A.Why animals can save themselves from natural disasters.
B.The different opinions about animals’ natural power.
C.How to protect wildlife when disasters happen.
D.The serious damage of the Indian Ocean tsunami.
8.In which section of a newspaper can we read this text
A.Travel.　　　　　　　B.Custom.
C.Culture. D.Discovery.
Ⅴ.七选五
If you’re driving a car during a wildfire,do your best to stay calm.You can increase your chances of survival by taking as many safety tips as possible and remaining as calm as you can.
Check social media and the news for any information about where the fire is and where it’s heading.　1　 If you know or can see the direction the fire is moving in,try to drive away from it as best as you can.
Drive slowly and turn on your headlights and hazard lights.　2　 By doing so firefighters around might see your car and help you.
　3　 Accidents are a major risk in poor driving conditions.People and animals might be frightened and running on the road.If you’re worried that people or animals are nearby but you can’t see them,use your horn(喇叭).
Cover your nose and mouth with a cloth to protect yourself from the smoky air while you drive.
Keep the radio on while driving.Keep listening to the radio for information about where the fire is heading.Check online and social media for updates on the fire if you have another person in your car.Is it growing in a new direction 　4　 This is valuable information that might cause you to change course and could save your life.
Pull over if you see flames getting closer.If your way becomes blocked or you can see the fire moving towards you,pull the car over to a safe area.　5　
A.Is there anyone injured
B.Have the winds changed at all
C.Keep a close watch on accidents.
D.Keep an eye out for people or animals.
E.Look for a parking lot to park your car in.
F.Make your car easily seen in the smoky conditions.
G.Drive in the opposite direction from smoke or flames.
UNIT 2　
分层跟踪检测(一)Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ.1.reaction　2.orderly　3.destructive　4.to　5.relieve 6.Injured　7.when　8.the　9.fixed　10.of/about
Ⅱ.1.keep his head　2.In the face of　3.occurred to 4.to our relief　5.make a difference　6.at large　7.informed of 8.warned of　9.safe and sound　10.hold on to
Ⅲ.1.was sleeping soundly last night when　2.in case anything else unusual happened　3.so that I could read　4.The moment you press the button　5.keep them in a safe place
Ⅳ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。为了有效地预测闪电以减少因雷击造成的损失,科学家们使用了气象站数据和机器学习方法的组合,开发了一个可以识别可能导致闪电的预测模型。这个系统使用的数据可以从任何气象站获得,比其他的系统更好、更全面、更省经费。
1.D　推理判断题。根据第二段可推断,雷电可能导致人员死亡,财产受损,引发火灾,所以气候科学家试图预测和控制闪电,希望减少雷电造成的破坏。故选D项。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The data related to four main surface conditions:air pressure,air temperature,relative humidity and wind speed.”可知,数据与四个主要表面条件(气压、气温、相对湿度和风速)相关。没有提到空气污染。故选B项。
3.C　词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“The atmospheric data was placed into a machine learning algorithm,which compared it to records of lightning strikes.”可知,大气数据被放入机器学习算法中,该算法会把大气数据与雷击记录进行比较。由此可推断,it指代上文的The atmospheric data。故选C项。
4.D　推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Current systems for gathering such data are slow and complex and require costly collection equipment like radar or satellites.”可知,目前收集这些数据的系统既慢又复杂,需要昂贵的收集设备,如雷达或卫星;根据第七段可推断,Mostajabi认为他们研发的系统在数据收集方面比其他的系统要容易些,且更全面、更省经费。故选D项。
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍为什么动物可以从自然灾害中拯救自己。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知,此次海啸中,很多人丧生了,然而动物幸免于难。故选A项。
6.B　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“H.D.Ratnayake,director of Sri Lanka’s Wildlife Department,said on Wednesday”可知,H.D.Ratnayake是一名野生动物官员,故选B项。
7.A　主旨大意题。根据第一段以及最后一段可知,全文都在围绕着“动物逃脱了海啸,是否真的有第六感”展开,所以文章主要介绍为什么动物可以从自然灾害中拯救自己。故选A项。
8.D　推理判断题。文章主要讲述了印度洋海啸目前已造成成千上万人丧生,而动物却能幸免,人们认为这得益于动物的“第六感”。由此可推断,本文可能在报纸的“发现”版面上出现。故选D项。
Ⅴ.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍开车时遭遇野火应该怎么做。
1.G　根据下文“If you know or can see the direction the fire is moving in,try to drive away from it as best as you can.”可知,要朝着烟或者火的相反方向行驶,与G项(与烟雾或火焰相反的方向行驶)相一致。故选G项。
2.F　根据下文“By doing so firefighters around might see your car and help you.”可知,让消防员能看到你的车,你应该让你的车能轻松被识别,与F项(让你的汽车在烟雾缭绕的环境中很容易被看到)相一致。故选F项。
3.D　根据下文“People and animals might be frightened and running on the road.”可知,在灾难中人或者动物可能会惊慌失措,在路上乱跑,所以你开车的时候应该要格外注意人或者动物,与D项(留意人或动物)相一致。故选D项。
4.B　根据下文“This is valuable information that might cause you to change course and could save your life.”可知,你改变方向可能会救你的命,你应该根据火势的方向和风的方向来改变自己逃走的方向,与B项(风向有变化吗 )相一致。故选B项。
5.E　根据上文“If your way becomes blocked or you can see the fire moving towards you,pull the car over to a safe area.”可知,你应该在一个安全的地方停车,与E项(找一个停车场来停放你的车)相一致。故选E项。
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