(共84张PPT)
UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE
●话题导读
Lost civilizations
Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago. How amazing！The city was forgotten for many years until the 18th century when a farmer discovered a stone with writing on it.People started to dig in the area for treasure, which caused much damage.Thus, in 1860, the area was put under government protection so it could be preserved and studied.
When I walked around the city, I saw streets just as they had been, with stepping stones along the road so you did not have to step in the mud on rainy days! I saw several houses which were decorated with wall paintings.I also saw the people who had been buried alive. It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city, their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared, leaving empty spaces in the ash. Years later, researchers were able to use these empty spaces to produce true-to-life figures of the people who had died in the disaster.You can see them today in Pompeii, in the same places where the people fell.The volcano is still there, but looks very quiet now.It's hard to imagine how this peaceful volcano destroyed the whole city!
?[高频词汇] [佳句背诵]
[高频词汇]
1．How amazing！多令人惊奇啊！(情感描写)
2．dig v．挖，掘 n．触，碰；挖苦，讽刺；挖掘(动作描写)
3．preserve v．保存；保护
4．be decorated with装饰有……
5．flee vt.& vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开(动作描写)
6．true-to-life adj.逼真的(合成词)
[佳句背诵]
1．When I walked around the city, I saw streets just as they had been, with stepping stones along the road so you did not have to step in the mud on rainy days！(with 复合结构，动作描写)
当我在城中漫步时，我看到保持原样的街道，沿路都有垫脚石，这样下雨天你就不用在泥泞中行走了！
2．It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared, leaving empty spaces in the ash.(It turns out that...，现在分词短语作状语)
原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。
●阅读思考
1．What caused much damage to the the ancient Roman city of Pompeii
__________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2．How did the researchers produce true-to-life figures of the people who had died in the disaster
__________________________________________________________
That people started to dig in the area for treasure caused much damage to the ancient Roman city of Pompeii.
The researchers used these empty spaces to produce true-to-life figures.
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking，Reading and Thinking
自主预习
词汇记忆
1．heritage n．____________________________________________
2．relic n．___________
3．dam n．_____________
4．archaeologist n．__________
5．pyramid n．_________________________
6．_________ n．庙；寺
7．________ n．山峰 vt.爬上；骑上 vi.爬；登上
8．_________ adj.以前的；(两者中)前者的
遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)
遗物；遗迹
水坝；拦河坝
考古学家
(古埃及的)金字塔；棱锥体
temple
mount
former
9．_______ n．线索；提示
10．__________vt.保存；保护；维持 n．保护区
11．_________ n．抗议 vi.& vt.(公开)反对；抗议
12．_______ adj.可能的 adv.可能地
13．____________ n．委员会
14．_________ vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠
15．_____________ n．部；司；科
16．_______ n．基金；专款
17．_________ prep.& adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内
clue
preserve
protest
likely
committee
prevent
department
fund
within
18．_______ n．重要议题；争论的问题 vt.宣布；公布
19．__________ n．行为；举止；管理方法 vt.组织；安排；带领
20．_________ n．文件；公文；(计算机)文档 vt.记录；记载(详情)
21．__________ n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试
22．_____________ adj.值得做的；值得花时间的
23．___________ vt.下载 n．下载；已下载的数据资料
issue
conduct
document
attempt
worthwhile
download
24．___________ n．共和国
25．__________ n．入口；进入
26．__________ n．过程；进程；步骤 vt.处理；加工
27．__________ adj.海外的 adv.在海外
28．______ n．出口；通道 vi.& vt.出去；离去
republic
entrance
process
overseas
exit
词汇拓展
1．creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→__________ adv.创造性地；有创造力地→_________ v．创造→___________ n．创造
2．promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→____________ n．促进；晋升；促销活动
3．application n．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)→______ vi.& vt.申请→____________ n．申请人
4．balance n．平衡；均匀 vt.使平衡→___________ adj.平衡的，均衡的
creatively
create
creation
promotion
apply
applicant
balanced
5．proposal n．提议；建议→__________ vt.提议，建议；提出
6．establish vt.建立；创立→______________ n．机构；建立；创立
7．limit n．限度；限制 vt.限制；限定→__________ adj.有限的
8．loss n．丧失；损失→_______ vt.失去→_______ adj.丢失的
9．contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助→_____________ n．捐款；贡献；捐赠
10．investigate vi.& vt.调查；研究→______________ n．调查；学术研究
propose
establishment
limited
lose
lost
contribution
investigation
11．donate vt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)→_______ n．捐赠；赠送
12．disappear vi.消失；灭绝；消亡→_______________ n．消失；灭绝
13．professional adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员；职业选手→
_____________ n．专业；职业
donation
disappearance
profession
词块识记
1．_____________ 参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
2．____________ 让步；屈服
3．_____________ 保持平衡
4．________ 导致
5．________________ 提出建议
6．________ 向……求助
7．_______________ 阻止；不准
take part in
give way to
keep balance
lead to
make a proposal
turn to
prevent...from...
8．_____________ 向……捐赠……
9．__________ 确保；设法保证
10．__________ 拆卸；写下，记下
11．_______________ 一部分一部分地；逐渐地
12．_________ 碾过；快速通读
donate...to...
make sure
take down
piece by piece
run over
句型感知
1．_______________________ the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to ________________________________ as we move towards the future.
新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
2．___________________________________ between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
在发展与文化遗址保护之间找到恰当的平衡点，并加以保持，这可能是一项巨大的挑战。
There comes a time when
preserve everything from our past
Finding and keeping the right balance
3．Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again ______________________________
_________.
人们将寺庙和其他文化遗址逐块拆解，运至一个不受河水侵袭的安全地带，再按原样复原。
4．_____________ the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，____________________ that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
in a place where they were safe from
the water
Not only had
but they had also learnt
课文预读
一、Reading for the main idea
Complete the sentences below.
二、Reading for the details
Choose the best answer.
1．What does the first paragraph mainly tell us？____
A．How to preserve cultural heritage.
B．How to keep the balance of nature.
C．The importance of economic development.
D．Keeping balance between economic growth and cultural heritage protection is a challenge.
D
2．Why did the building of the dam lead to protests？____
A．It would damage the fields.
B．It would cost a lot of money.
C．It would damage the cultural relics.
D．It would pollute the natural environment.
C
3．Which of the following best describes/summarizes the last two paragraphs？_____
A．Easier said than done.
B．More haste，less speed.
C．Actions speak louder than words.
D．Many hands make light work.
D
4．What's the author's attitude towards the cultural sites？____
A．Positive. B．Negative.
C．Objective. D．Unconcerned.
5．How is the text organized？____
A．By place. B．By time.
C．By relationship. D．By plot.
C
B
要点探究
1.preserve vt.保存；保护；维持 n.保护区
●核心词汇
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
It is reported that a museum is under construction, whose aim is to preserve the traditional local culture.
据报道，一座博物馆正在建设中，其目的在于保护当地传统文化。
The temple was established five hundred years ago，which is well preserved now.
这座寺庙建于五百年前，现在保存得仍很完好。
(1)preserve...from...保护……免受……
(2)preservation n．保护
(3)well-preserved adj.保存良好的
(4)in the preserve在保护区 a nature preserve自然保护区
单句语法填空
①To make sure those relics are well __________(preserve), the museum has applied modern technologies to watching over the conditions of them.
②Our goal must be the _____________(preserve) of the environment.
③People should preserve children _______ being hurt.
preserved
preservation
from
2.balance n.平衡，均匀；余款，余额 vt.使平衡
Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
在发展和文化遗址保护之间找到恰当的平衡点并加以保持，这可能是一项巨大的挑战。
(2023·浙江卷1月)I also gained a greater appreciation for the role that plants play in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem.
我也更加欣赏植物在维持生态系统平衡方面所起的作用。
(2022·全国乙卷)It's kind of hard to find a balance between what you have to do and what you want to do.
很难在你必须做的和你想做的之间找到平衡。
I'd like to check the balance in my account please.
我想查一下我账户的余额。
(1)keep/lose(one's) balance保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between...and...保持……和……之间的平衡
a sense of balance平衡感
(2)balanced adj.平衡的
keep a balanced diet保持均衡饮食
(3)balance A against B权衡/比较A与B
balance A and/with B使A和B平衡；同等重视A和B
单句语法填空
①You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside ________ the disadvantages.
②My mother always tries her best to provide a __________(balance)diet for Dad and me，which is of great importance to our health.
③First of all, we should keep a balance _________study and relaxation.
完成句子
④When he was running after his brother, the boy ______________(失去了平衡)and had a bad fall.
against
balanced
between
lost his balance
3.proposal n.提议；建议
But the proposal led to protests.
但是，该提议引发了抗议。
When the popcorn proposal reached the students, they jumped with joy.(读后续写之心理描写)
当爆米花提案传到学生手中时，他们欣喜若狂。
Many students made a proposal that a new school library should be built.
很多学生建议学校建一座新的图书馆。
(1)make/put forward a proposal(to do sth.)提出(对某事的)建议；提出建议
make a proposal that...提议……
(2)propose vt.提议；提出；建议；求婚
propose doing sth.提议做某事
propose that...(should)＋do提议……
propose to sb.向某人求婚
单句语法填空
①A ___________(propose) was put forward at the meeting that a new hospital should be built.
②Our Chinese teacher proposed our __________(read) widely.
③I propose that we_____________(raise) all the people's awareness of protecting the environment.
④It is proposed that another meeting _______________(hold)to discuss how to give more support to the underdeveloped area.
熟词生义
⑤(2022·全国甲卷，完形填空)When we paused to catch our breath, Steve got down on one knee.Was he proposing？_____
proposal
reading
(should)raise
(should)be held
求婚
Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage.
大坝泄流可能会损坏许多寺庙，摧毁一批文物，而这些文物是埃及文化遗产的重要组成部分。
4.likely adj.可能的 adv.可能地
(2023·全国甲卷改编)With millions of people likely to take on the projects, more than half of people are planning to use the long，warm summer days to get jobs done.
数以百万计的人可能会参与这个项目，超过一半的人计划利用漫长而温暖的夏日来完成工作。
That is the very likely future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
这是很有可能的未来，应用今天的“空中眼睛”技术，以确保全球数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施是安全的，每周7天、每天24小时运行。
(1)(sb./sth.)be likely to do sth.(常与more, most连用)(某人/物)可能做某事
It's likely(that)从句 很可能……
Not likely！(表示强烈的否定)绝不可能；才不呢！
(2)alike adj.相似的 adv.相似地
(3)unlikely adj.不太可能的
单句语法填空
①He is likely ___________(deliver) a speech to local people on how to preserve the local cultural heritage.
②It's quite __________(likely) that anyone without enough patience and love will make a teacher.
句式升级
③After the reconstruction, the old town is likely to become a tourist attraction.
→After the reconstruction, ___________________________________ a tourist attraction.(形式主语)
to deliver
unlikely
it is likely that the old town will become
After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
在听取了研究该问题的科学家以及大坝附近居民的意见后，政府于1959年向联合国求助。
5.turn to向……求助
Without someone to turn to for advice, making the most proper choice can be difficult.
在没有人可以征求意见的情况下，要做出最恰当的选择可能会很难。
I turned to the next page to read the rest of the story.
我翻到下一页，读故事剩下的部分。
turn out 结果是；证明是
turn on/off 开/关(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn down 关小；拒绝
turn up(把声音等)调大；出现，露面
turn in 上交，提交
turn into 变成，成为
turn over 翻转，翻身；移交
单句语法填空
①He promised to come but didn't turn _____.
②In times of crisis I know which friends I can turn _____.
③He was disappointed to find the proposal he put forward was turned _______ a second time.
④It's also important to realise that not all of your plans will turn ______ exactly as you wish.
⑤If you turn _______，you might find it easier to get to sleep.
up
to
down
out
over
A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.
委员会成立了，旨在减少对那些埃及建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损失。
6.limit n.限度；限制 vt.限制；限定
(2023·全国乙卷)Once we found the place，it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.
一旦我们找到了那个地方，在有限的时间内安装灯光和摄像头就会让我们感到压力很大。
The Palace Museum has set a limit on its daily visitors.
故宫博物院对每日游客进行了限制。
(1)without limit/limits无限制地
within limits在某种程度上；有一定限制
there is no limit to...……没有限制
to the limit挑战极限；到最大程度
(2)limit...to将……限制在
(3)limitation n．限制；局限
(4)limited adj.有限的
be limited to限制到
I have been asked to limit my speech to ten minutes.Time is so limited that I have to cut the second example off my speech.Despite the limitations of my speech, it was well received and earned loud applause.
我被要求把演讲限制在十分钟内。时间很有限，我不得不删掉演讲中的第二个例子。尽管我的演讲有局限性，但还是深受欢迎，赢得了响亮的掌声。
单句语法填空
①There is no limit _______ creating beautiful things with the power of a strong mind.
②The local people have been limited to ________(pay) a visit to the old temple four times per month.
③(2021·浙江6月卷，七选五) Many people in China have _____(limit) exposure to English.That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it.
完成句子
④In my opinion, you had better ____________(对……限定)the expense of your trip.
to/on
paying
limited
set a limit to
7.prevent vt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠
A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.
委员会成立了，旨在减少对那些埃及建筑物的破坏，并防止文物损失。
(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children，but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.
大卫患有一种脑部疾病，这使他不能像其他孩子一样走路或跑步，但在学校里，他的同学都认为他是一个正常的孩子。
We hope to prevent anything unpleasant from happening.
我们希望防止任何不愉快的事发生。
在主动语态中，prevent/stop sb.from doing sth.中的from可省去，意思不变。但keep sb.from doing sth.中的from不能省略(若省去，则译成“让某人一直做某事”)。在被动语态中，三个短语中的from都不能省略。
单句语法填空
①The mother is trying her best to prevent her daughter _______ going to the concert.
②What is certain is that _____________(prevent) is more important than treatment.
from
prevention
一句多译
③已经采取了一些措施来防止学生沉迷于电脑游戏。
→Some measures have been taken to ____________________________
________________________.
→Some measures have been taken to ____________________________
_________________________.
→Some measures have been taken to ____________________________
_________________________.
prevent students(from) becoming
addicted to computer games
stop students(from) becoming
addicted to computer games
keep students from becoming
addicted to computer games
8.contribution n.捐款；贡献；捐赠 contribute vi.& vt.捐献；捐助
The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community.
该组织要求各部门予以支持，并在国际范围内筹集资金。
(2023·浙江卷1月)They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.
他们需要成为土地的保护者，为农业经济做出贡献。
He was thought highly of for the great contributions he made to the company.
他因对公司的巨大贡献而受到高度赞扬。
(1)contribute to 有助于；导致
contribute...to...把……捐献给……；向……投稿
(2)make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献；向……捐款
单句语法填空
①Everyone has the responsibility and can make a _________(contribute) to the protection of cultural heritage.
②I hope my suggestion will contribute to ________(solve) the problem.
③People's lack of awareness contributes ____ the loss of some treasured relics.
完成句子
④Eating too much fat may____________(导致)heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
contribution
solving
to
contribute to
9.attempt n.& vt.企图；试图；尝试
Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the dam
为什么埃及政府想试图修建大坝？
(2023·全国乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.
我经常早早离开，寻找合适的目的地，这样我就可以早点准备好，避免错过我想要拍摄的那一刻。
I passed my driving test at the first attempt.
第一次尝试我就通过了驾驶执照考试。
(1)attempt to do sth.＝make an attempt to do/at doing sth.企图/尝试做某事
at the first attempt 第一次尝试
in an attempt to do sth.试图做某事；为了做某事
(2)attempted adj.未遂的，未得手的
单句语法填空
①They made an attempt ___________(climb) Mount Tai，which is the greatest treasure in our hearts.
②The town is banning plastic bags in an attempt ___________(improve) the environment.
③Believe it or not, he broke the record _____ the first attempt.
④He attempted ______________(persuade) the locals to protect the old temple, but in vain.
to climb
to improve
at
to persuade
10.worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得花时间的
A lot of money was spent to protect the temples.Do you think it was worthwhile
花了很多钱来保护寺庙。你认为值得吗？
It is worthwhile to include really high-quality illustrations.
把真正高质量的插图包括进去是值得的。
Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time
你想探索新的文化，结识新朋友，与此同时，做些有益的事情吗？
It is worthwhile to do/doing sth.值得做某事。
be worthy of sth.值得(或应得)……的
be worthy of being done/to be done 值得做
be(well) worth doing sth.(非常)值得做某事
be worth＋n.值得……
单句语法填空
①It is worthwhile _______________(give) the new method a try, for it is likely to increase our production.
②The book is worthy ___________________________(study) carefully.
③This idea that we should rebuild the old temple at the foot of the mountain is well worth ____________________________(consider)．
giving/to give
to be studied/of being studied
considering/consideration
一句多译
④这个博物馆值得参观。
→_________________________________________(worthwhile)
→___________________________(worth)
→_________________________________________________(worthy)
It is worthwhile to visit(visiting) the museum.
The museum is worth visiting.
The museum is worthy to be visited(of being visited)/a visit.
1.There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.
新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。
●重点句型
There comes a time when...“……的时刻到来，总有……的时候”。when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time。同时，该句型也是由there引导的一个倒装句。
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷改编)It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.
可能是你帮朋友做作业的时候，也可能是你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。
There comes a time when you make your way.
总有一天，你会成功的。
There comes a time when...……的时刻到来；总有……的时候
There / It / That / This was a time when...曾经……，一度…… when 引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time
It / This / That is the first time that...这是……第一次……从句要用完成时态
完成句子
①_______________________(总有……的时候)you need to make your own decision.
②________________________________(那是第二次)the girl had been awarded the best player in her club.
③_______________(似乎)to be no better way to help Bob than making popcorn.
There comes a time when
It /That was the second time that
There appeared
2.Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。
not only...but also 用于连接两个并列结构。
(2023·浙江卷1月改编) Not only can a machine now beat you at chess, it can also outperform you in debate.
机器现在不仅能在象棋上打败你，在辩论中也能胜过你。
Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the movie now.
现在不仅学生们而且他们的老师也在欣赏这部电影。
(1)连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与其最近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
(2)not only...but also连接两个并列分句时，not only 置于句首时，从句要倒装。but also引导的分句不用倒装。
单句语法填空
①Not only he but also his parents ___________(be) keen on concerts.
②Not only _______ she speak fluent Spanish, but also she is good with computers.
句式升级
③The ocean not only offers us enough food, but also it keeps the balance of nature.
→______________________ offer us enough food, but also it keeps the balance of nature.
were/are
does
Not only does the ocean
随堂达标
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.So terrible was the storm that whole _______(屋顶) were blown away.
2.He slid between the _________(被单) and closed his eyes.
3.Every morning Jack's wife will stand before the _________(镜子), admiring herself before leaving home.
4.Comparing Chinese culture with ___________(海外的)cultures is a challenging job, but you will learn a lot from it.
5.You mustn't park here！It is an emergency _______(通道)!
roofs
sheets
mirror
overseas
exit
6.I have always believed that __________(过程) is more important than results.
7.I was helping my friend ___________(下载) a movie when the telephone rang.
8.He spent every minute he could spare on books to win an ___________
(入学) prize to a college.
9.His first __________(尝试) resulted in failure, which made him a little disappointed.
10.Alberg opened his mouth, as if to ________(抗议), but he gave up the intention.
process
download
entrance
attempt
protest
Ⅱ.熟词生义/一词多义
1.turn to
A．翻到 B．向……求助
C．查阅 D．转向
(1)At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever I need help.____
(2)It is time that he turned his mind to more serious problems.____
(3)Open your books, turn to Page 21, read Part B carefully, and then finish it with the correct words from the box.____
(4)Don't always turn to the dictionary when you come across a new word._____
B
D
A
C
2.conduct
A．vt.引导 B．n.品行
C．vt.导电 D．vt.实施，进行
E．vt.行为，举止；表现
(1)In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019.____
(2)The easiest way to accomplish is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor.____
(3)The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city.____
(4)As is known to us, most metals can conduct electricity.____
(5)Mr.Smith looked angry when I spoke of his daughter's bad conduct at school.____
D
E
A
C
B
3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)I must change my bed sheets now because they are so dirty._____
(2)She contributed a number of articles to the magazine._____
(3)I must congratulate him on his being promoted to general manager.
________
(4)Many of today's sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products.__________
(5)I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juan's village._____
(6)I must check my bank balance to find out how much money I have in my credit card._____
床单
投稿
晋升
专业人士
图像
余额
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the
__________(protect) of cultural sites can be a big challenge.Big challenges，however，can sometimes lead to great solutions.In _____ 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order ___________
(control) floods, produce electricity，and supply water to more ___________
(farmer) in the area.But the proposal led to protests _________ water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics.
After _____________(listen) to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
1.protection
2.the
3.to control
4.farmers
5.because
6.listening
A committee _________________(establish) to limit damage ______ the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics.Finally，the work began in 1960.
When the project _________(end)in 1980，it was considered a great success.Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a ___________(good) tomorrow.
7.was established
8.to
9.ended
10.betterUNIT 1 Section Ⅰ
夯基提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Attractive things make people feel good, which in turn makes them think more creatively (create)．
2.It is necessary that these application (apply) forms be sent back as early as possible.
3.Eating a balanced (balance) diet and getting plenty of exercise are necessary.
4.He refused my proposal (propose), which means he didn't agree with me.
5.The Chinese people have made great contributions (contribute) to the world peace.
6.Many Chinese people donate money to help (help) those students in need.
7.Police are investigating the disappearance (disappear) of the key document.
8.Li Mei forgave her brother for tearing off a page from her exercise book.
9.My attempt to fix (fix) the car sent Lawrence into fits of laughter.
10.Apart from good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional (tradition) Henan food.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.曾经有一段时间我认为我的父亲不知道如何做一位好父亲。
There was a time when I thought my dad didn't know a thing about being a good father.
2.他不仅是一名出色的学生，而且成了一名优秀的公众演说家。
Not only did he do well as a student but also became an excellent public speaker.
3.你可以制订一个计划，并坚持下去，随后你会发现它并不像看起来那样困难。
You can make a plan and stick to it.Then you may find it not as/so difficult as it appears.
4.当你感到紧张时，听音乐是最好的放松方式之一。
Listening to music is one of the best ways to relax when you feel nervous.
5.如果你继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。
It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024·岳阳高一检测)
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, or UNESCO, meets each year to choose the latest additions to its World Heritage List.Here, we look at some of the additions：
Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture(Russia)
A group of ancient structures in the city of Pskov make up Russia's newest UNESCO World Heritage Site.The structures, many of which are churches, all were designed by the Pskov School of Architecture.It was a leading school of building design in the country, especially in the 15th and 16th centuries.Some elements common to Pskov architecture date back to the 11th century.
Writing-on-Stone(Canada)
Canada's Writing-on-Stone monument, known also as Aisinai'pi, has a large number of protected rock paintings and rock carvings.Some of them are 2,000 years old.The markings were left by Blackfoot Native Americans who lived in parts of western Canada and the far northern United States.The land that makes up Writing-on-Stone is filled with rock columns that have been formed by erosion(侵蚀) into “spectacular shapes”．
Babylon(Iraq)
The ancient city of Babylon is gaining World Heritage Site status.The city was once a main tourist site before Iraq suffered several wars.The 4,000-year-old Babylon is where dynasties have risen and fallen since the earliest days of settled human civilization.UNESCO says the site “offers a look into one of the most influential empires of the ancient world”．
Paraty and Ilha Grande(Brazil)
The historic coastal town of Paraty and the island Ilha Grande are already popular places for visitors to Brazil's Rio de Janeiro state.Now, they make up a newly named UNESCO site.Paraty was the final stop along the Gold Route, along which gold was shipped to Europe in the 1600s.The area is also home to a huge number of animals, some of which are threatened.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了联合国教科文组织收录的四处世界文化遗产。
1.What do we know about the group of ancient buildings in Pskov？ D
A．They are all churches.
B．They are 2,000 years old.
C．They are some historic gardens.
D．Their designs came from the same school.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The structures, many of which are churches, all were designed by the Pskov School of Architecture.”可知，这些建筑都是由普斯科夫建筑学院设计的。所以它们的设计来自同一个学校。故选D。
2.Which country has the oldest relic according to the text？ A
A．Iraq. B．Brazil.
C．Russia. D．Canada.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第三句可知，有4 000年历史的巴比伦，是自人类定居文明以来见证朝代兴衰的地方。所以伊拉克的世界文化遗产是这四处世界文化遗产中最古老的。故选A。
3.Which of the following has rich animal resources？ C
A．Babylon.
B．Writing-on-Stone.
C．Paraty and Ilha Grande.
D．Churches of the Pskov School of Architecture.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句 “The area is also home to a huge number of animals, some of which are threatened.”可知，Paraty and Ilha Grande有丰富的动物资源。故选C。
B
Being added to UNESCO's World Heritage List often makes the site known worldwide, bringing more tourists and leading to access to international funding.But there are strings attached(附加条件)．
World Heritage Sites are usually placed on the list “forever”， said Mechtild Rossler, director of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, but countries have to do their best to protect and fight against threats to the sites.
Getting a place on the World Heritage List takes years, said Rossler, adding that several sites waited some 25 years.Sites must be included on a “tentative(暂定的)list” before they can be formally nominated(提名)．The World Heritage Committee meets once a year to decide which nominated sites will be placed on the World Heritage List.To be accepted, sites must be of “outstanding universal value” and meet at least one of 10 standards.
When sites are under certain threats, countries are sent a warning letter.That's what happened to Peru, which has received many warnings over threats from over tourism, landslides and flooding at Machu Picchu.
Many sites take action in order to remove the threats, said Rossler, but not all.At that point, the World Heritage Committee makes the decision to place a site on UNESCO's “List of World Heritage in Danger”—often referred to simply as the “Danger List”．
Governments fear the Danger List will harm tourism, Rossler said.That's what happened in the Galapagos Islands, she said, where the government worked very hard to deal with threats to the area.The site was removed from the Danger List in 2010.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个旅游景点或者遗址是如何被列入联合国教科文组织的世界遗产名录。
4.What does it mean to be a World Heritage Site？ B
A．It should make some great changes.
B．It should be well protected by its country.
C．It can stay on the World Heritage List forever.
D．It can get funding from the World Heritage Centre.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，这些遗址必须得到该国的保护。故选B。
5.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？ B
A．The makeup of the World Heritage List.
B．The difficulty of becoming a World Heritage Site.
C．The advantages of being included on a tentative list.
D．The responsibilities of the World Heritage Committee.
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可推知，本段主要介绍想要被列入世界遗产名录很困难。故选B。
6.What is the World Heritage Committee's attitude to Machu Picchu？ C
A．Uninterested. B．Forgiving.
C．Worried. D．Pleased.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二、三段内容可知，当时世界遗产委员会将其列入危险名录，以促使政府采取行动保护该遗址。由此推知，世界遗产委员会对Machu Picchu的情况感到担忧。故选C。
7.What does the author want to show by mentioning the Galapagos Islands？ D
A．The Danger List does serious harm to many sites.
B．Governments find it easy to develop tourism.
C．The Danger List is ignored by many governments.
D．Governments make efforts to be removed from the Danger List.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Rossler说，各国政府担心危险名单会损害旅游业。她说，那就是Galapagos Islands发生的情况，政府非常努力地应对该地区面临的威胁。该遗址于2010年从危险名单中移除。由此可推断，作者举这个例子是为了告诉我们一旦某个遗址被列入危险名单，当地政府就会努力保护该遗址以确保该遗址从危险名单中移除。故选D。
Ⅳ.七选五
Sites of cultural heritage often carry a large degree of value.Famous World Heritage Sites like the Pyramids of Giza or the Forbidden City in Beijing are truly impressive. 1.B And they also show what the human mind and human culture are capable(有能力的) of.
However, cultural relics are more than just valuable in art—they tell a story of human history.Everything that makes up our society(our values, our languages, our traditions, our ways of life, etc.) comes from our ancestors. 2.E This is extremely valuable because it provides us with a way to understand different cultures around the world and how they join each other.It offers chances for us to learn from the past and develop a better future.
3.C Some relics were stolen from museums in Bagdad and the Iraq War caused great damage(破坏)to parts of the ancient city of Babylon.These acts are hugely harmful to the international society. 4.F
So it is important to set an international rule to be followed during a war in order to greatly reduce the harms to cultural relics. 5.G In order to better protect cultural relics, the law must be used in all situations even though in certain cases, a war can be won more easily by attacking common people.
A．They are worth protecting.
B．They are beautiful pieces of art.
C．Recently there have been many terrible acts.
D．Cultural heritage is important for many reasons.
E．Cultural relics are the only means we have of connecting with our past.
F．The harms do not only influence our present-day society, but all of our future.
G．This is the case, for example, with the laws about attacking common people in a war.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了文化遗迹的意义及遭受破坏的现状，并呼吁制定法律来保护文化遗迹。
解析：
1．根据上下文可知，作者提到了两个著名的文化遗迹，它们也展示了人类思想和文化的能力。B项“它们都是美丽的艺术。”符合语境，由下文的“also”可知，空处与下文都是讲述两处世界文化遗迹的意义。故选B。
2．根据本段首句“However, cultural relics are more than just valuable in art—they tell a story of human history.”可知，本段主要讲述文化遗迹的意义，结合本段最后一句 “It offers chances for us to learn from the past and develop a better future.”可知，它为我们提供向过去学习并发展一个更好未来的机会。E选项“文化遗迹是我们现在拥有的唯一与过去相连接的方法。”符合语境。故选E。
3．根据空后句可知， 巴格达博物馆的一些文物被盗，伊拉克战争对巴比伦古城的部分地区造成了巨大的破坏。所以C项“最近有很多糟糕的行为。”符合语境，空后是对“糟糕行为”的例证。故选C。
4．根据上文“These acts are hugely harmful to the international society.”可知，这些行为对国际社会造成巨大的伤害，分析选项，F项“这些危害不仅影响我们现在的社会，而且影响我们所有人的未来。”符合语境，其中的“The harms”与上文“harmful”呼应。故选F。
5．根据空后句可知，为了更好地保护文化遗迹，法律必须适用于所有情况，即使在某些情况下，一场战争可以通过攻击普通人更容易赢得胜利。G项“情况是这样，例如关于在战争中攻击普通人的法律。”符合语境，与下文呼应。故选G。
Ⅴ.语法填空
(2024·济宁高一检测)
The 2021 China(Qufu) International Confucius Cultural Festival(孔子文化节) and the 7th Nishan Forum on World Civilizations was held in Qufu, 1.a county-level city in Jining, East China's Shandong Province, from Sept.27 to 28.
Foreign journalists 2.representing (represent) over 10 foreign media from countries such as Italy, Brazil, Pakistan and Portugal went on a “Charming Shandong” trip to the city 3.to experience (experience) traditional Confucian culture.
The cultural festival focuses on the 4.celebration (celebrate) of the 2,572nd anniversary of the birth of Confucius, a famous ancient Chinese philosopher and educator.The Temple of Confucius, 5.which is located in Qufu, the birthplace of Confucius, held a memorial ceremony on Sept.28.
The media group visited the Temple of Confucius, the Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion on Sept.27.It was the first time that so many foreign journalists 6.had visited (visit) Qufu.
“The cultural atmosphere, the scenic spots I visited, and even every tree and grass here are amazing and 7.impressive (impress)，” one visitor said, adding that he is a big fan and student of Chinese culture, and the trip allowed him to learn about Chinese history, culture and stories connected 8.with Confucius.
The Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion were built in 478 BC in memory of Confucius.The three Confucius sites in Qufu, 9.added (add) to UNESCO's World Heritage List in December 1994, have kept 10.their (they) artistic and historic characteristics(特色)．
语篇导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲的是9月27日至28日，2021中国(曲阜)国际孔子文化节、第七届尼山世界文明论坛在山东省济宁的一个县级市曲阜举行。
解析：
1．考查冠词。句意：9月27日至28日，2021中国(曲阜)国际孔子文化节、第七届尼山世界文明论坛在山东省济宁的一个县级市曲阜举行。city是可数名词，表泛指，county-level是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：来自意大利、巴西、巴基斯坦、葡萄牙等十余家外国媒体的记者来到山东，体验传统的儒家文化。句中谓语是went，空格处用非谓语动词，journalists和represent之间是主动关系，因此空格处用现在分词representing作后置定语。故填representing。
3．考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的。故填to experience。
4．考查名词。句意：这次文化节主要是为了纪念中国古代著名哲学家、教育家孔子诞辰2 572周年。空格处用名词作宾语，celebrate的名词是celebration，由“the 2,572nd anniversary of the birth of Confucius”可知，空格处用单数。故填celebration。
5．考查定语从句。句意：位于孔子诞生地曲阜的孔庙于9月28日举行了纪念仪式。分析句子结构及逗号可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词The Temple of Confucius是物，因此空格处用关系代词which。故填which。
6．考查时态。句意：这是第一次有这么多外国记者来到曲阜。It was the first time that sb.had done sth.是固定句型，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，因此空格处用过去完成时had visited。故填had visited。
7．考查形容词。分析句子可知，空格处用形容词作表语，impress的形容词是impressive，意为“令人印象深刻的”。故填impressive。
8．考查介词。be connected with是固定短语，意为“和……有关”，因此空格处是介词with。故填with。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：曲阜三处孔子遗址于1994年12月被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》，保留着其艺术和历史特色。句中谓语是have kept，空格处用非谓语动词，Confucius sites和add之间为被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，在句中作后置定语。故填added。
10．考查物主代词。空格处意为“它们的”，用形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰名词短语“artistic and historic characteristics”。故填their。
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