UNIT 4 Section Ⅰ
夯基提能
Ⅰ.选词填空
join...to；break away from；belong to；as well as；keep one's eyes open for；refer to；take over；leave behind；be dotted with；make up
1.A new high-speed railway joins this port city to Beijing.
2. Keep your eyes open for a boy in a red cap and sweater.
3.If you don't know how to write a story, you can refer to some books for help.
4.She decided that I was the ideal person to take over the job.
5.Each language culture makes up of a language cultural ecosystem.
6.When the other pupils were taken to an exhibition, he was left behind .
7.There is a farm not far from the coastline.It belongs to a man called Tom.
8.He broke away from our company last year.Since then I have seen him no more.
9.The countryside is dotted with small villages, where people live a peaceful life.
10.Love，responsibility as well as sharing are the most valuable qualities in my family.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.有问题要及时解决。
Problems, if any , should be solved without delay.
2.互联网改变了人们与他人交流的方式。
The Internet has changed the way people communicate with others .
3.这家人一起工作，在春节前用漂亮的鲜花和气球装饰了他们的房子。
The family worked together and had their house decorated with beautiful flowers and balloons before the Spring Festival.
4.重要的是学生懂得如何使用互联网。
It is important that students(should) develop an awareness of how the Internet can be used.
5.他们很兴奋，双手在空中挥舞。
They were excited, with hands waving in the air .
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2024·马鞍山高一检测)
Upcoming Events of New York Chinese Cultural Center
Fan Dance
Sunday, September 8, 2∶00 p．m.—3∶00 p．m., $15 per child
New-York Historical Society Museum & Library
Learn Chinese fan dancing with an instructor from NYCCC！This program is a part of an exhibition which examines the history of trade and immigration between China and the United States.
Dragon Boat Festival
Friday, September 13, 2∶00 p．m.—2∶30 p．m.
Fresh Meadows Park
Come and celebrate with us in the thousand-year-old tradition of Dragon Boat racing！Be part of the audience and enjoy the excitement of this celebration.FREE ADMISSION！Click here for more information.Dragon Boat Festival will be held in Fresh Meadows Park.
Dance to China
Sunday, September 15, 2∶00 p．m.
Spruce Street School Auditorium, 12 Spruce St, New York, NY 10038
Join us in celebrating 43 years of preserving and continuing traditional Chinese dance.Students from NYCCC School of the Arts will be performing traditional Chinese dance, martial arts, and Beijing Opera.Cost is $15 for adults, $12 for teenagers and senior citizens, $10 for children under 12.
NYCCC School of the Arts Open House
Saturday, September 21, from 1∶00 p．m.—3∶00 p．m., $12 per child
PS 124, Yung Wing School, 40 Division Street, New York, NY 10002
Join us and see Chinese dance, kung fu, and acrobatic(杂技的) performances performed by our current e and see our students' beautiful artwork on display and make some artwork yourselves during our hour of arts and crafts and face painting from 1∶00 p．m.—2∶00 p．m.The show will be from 2∶00 p．m.—3∶00 p．m.
语篇导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了纽约中国文化中心即将举办的一些活动。
1.Where can you learn about China-US trade and immigration history？ A
A．In New-York Historical Society Museum & Library.
B．In PS 124, Yung Wing School.
C．In Spruce Street School Auditorium.
D．In Fresh Meadows Park.
解析：细节理解题。根据Fan Dance部分中的“New-York Historical Society Museum & Library...This program is a part of an exhibition which examines the history of trade and immigration between China and the United States.”可知，通过参加该项目，可以了解中美之间的贸易和移民史。故选A。
2.How much should a family of 4(aged 75, 38, 36, 5) pay to participate in Dance to China？ B
A．$48. B.$52.
C．$55. D.$57.
解析：细节理解题。根据“Dance to China”部分中的“Cost is $15 for adults, $12 for teenagers and senior citizens, $10 for children under 12.”可知，成人15美元，青少年和老年人12美元，12岁以下儿童10美元。故题干中提到的一家人(aged 75, 38, 36, 5)应付：15×2＋12＋10＝52美元。故选B。
3.What does NYCCC aim at？ C
A．Training dancing instructors.
B．Producing beautiful artworks.
C．Promoting Chinese folk arts.
D．Examining trade and immigration.
解析：推理判断题。根据NYCCC School of the Arts Open House部分可知，在NYCCC可以观看中国舞蹈、功夫、杂技表演等。这些都属于中国民间艺术。由此可以推知NYCCC的目的是推广中国民间艺术。故选C。
B
(2024·驻马店高一检测)
The Chinese New Year is all about starting things anew.So, in the week leading up to the festival, people do a thorough cleaning of their home to get rid of bad luck.This should all be done before New Year's Day though, as showering is not allowed on the day！At the same time, it is also not allowed to sweep or throw out garbage until the 5th day of the festival.This means people don't wash out the good luck！There are also a few no-no's during the Chinese New Year, which everyone should avoid doing for the 15 days.It is taboos to get a haircut, argue, swear, say unlucky words, use scissors or knives and break things.
The New Year's Eve meal is still the most important of the year for Chinese families, and throughout the 15 days, it is common to go to different relatives' houses to share food.These feasts are abundant and delicious, with a variety of traditional Chinese food and special wine.
There are different practices and celebrations on each of the festival's 15 days.For example, it is believed that the Gods of Wealth come down on the 5th day of the New Year, so people pray to them and set off firecrackers in their honor.The 15th or final day of the New Year festival is known as the Festival of Lanterns, so people hang lanterns on the streets and their homes, and carry them on parades.
There are also different symbols used during the Chinese New Year, each one with its own meaning：It is common for Red Envelopes to be filled with money and given to children or adults with no job.Usually, these red envelopes are gifted by established married couples to their single friends, or from elders to the children.Their purpose is to transfer(转移) the fortune and luck from the givers to the gifted.
During the festivities, there are dancing dragon performances, as the creature is believed to bring good luck, good fortune, and prosperity(繁荣)．Flowers, tangerines, and oranges are displayed as a sign of good luck and wealth.Decorations are red, made of paper and shaped like a diamond(钻石), and usually have writings on them referring to luck and prosperity.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。介绍了中国的传统节日春节的习俗，例如：新年禁忌，除夕夜团圆饭，红包，舞龙表演等。
4.What does the underlined word “taboos” mean in Paragraph 1？ B
A．Something that is used to smoke.
B．Something that isn't allowed to do.
C．Something that you take while you are ill.
D．Something that you are born with to do things well.
解析：词义猜测题。根据首段最后两句可知，“no-no”是非限制性定语从句所解释的“每个人都应该避免做一些不可做的事情”。而前后两句为同义句，可知画线单词与“no-no”为同义词，且画线词所在句中“It”为形式主语，不定式短语所列举的事情为真正的主语，为不被允许做的事情。故选B。
5.What can be learned about the Chinese New Year from the text？ C
A．It's a good choice to have a haircut during the festival.
B．It's common to go to different relatives' houses on foot.
C．Chinese value the New Year's Eve dinner very much.
D．Gods of Health are believed to come down on the 5th day of the New Year.
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段首句可知，对于中国家庭来说，年夜饭是一年中最重要的，中国人很重视年夜饭。故选C。
6.Why are Red Envelopes handed out to one's single friends or children？ A
A．To have the fortune and luck sent to them.
B．To just give them some pocket money.
C．To welcome the arrival of the New Year.
D．To wish them a long life and prosperity.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，红包给单身朋友或者孩子的目的是把财富和运气传递给他们。故选A。
7.In which part of the newspaper may the text appear？ B
A．Sports. B.Culture.
C．Business. D.Science.
解析：推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文是介绍中国春节，故应是关于文化的。故选B。
Ⅳ.七选五
(2023·安徽省黄山市高一期末)
On the fourth Thursday of November every year, families in the US get together to celebrate Thanksgiving Day.It falls on Nov.26 this year.
Thanksgiving Day is a time for communal(群体的) thanksgiving and lavish feasts(丰盛的宴会)．Like China's Spring Festival, preparing a big meal and bringing the family together at home is a long-standing tradition of Thanksgiving. 1.D
Though I couldn't have a reunion with my family when I was an exchange student at Newton South High School near Boston, I spent my Thanksgiving with my friend, Emily and her family.
2.B Ever since Thanksgiving was made an official holiday in 1863 in the US, turkey has always been on the menu.This is why Thanksgiving is also called Turkey Day.
Emily's family also kept the tradition.Emily's mother prepared turkey in the early afternoon.She filled up the turkey with bread cubes, onion slices and peppers.A few hours Later, we could eat the delicious food.Many other foods also came with the main dish. 3.A
Some of the traditional colors for Thanksgiving are orange, yellow and brown, as they stand for pumpkin, corn and turkey. 4.F After dinner, we went to a community party, where I met some of Emily's.neighbors.People dressed up for the holiday, and there were Thanksgiving decorations all over the place.
Even though I was thousands of kilometers away from my home in Beijing, I still found a home in the US with Emily and her family. 5.G
A．Pumpkin pie is a popular dessert for the day.
B．Preparing and eating turkey is a well-known thanksgiving tradition.
C．Turkey is the most delicious food in the world.
D．Distance doesn't really matter as relatives return home to be with their family.
E．They brushed the turkey with a butter mixture and roasted it.
F．People usually use these colors to decorate their homes and common areas.
G．As an saying goes that forever on Thanksgiving Day, the heart will find the pathway home.
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国感恩节的传统及作者身在异乡却能在感恩节时在好朋友家感受到家的温暖。
解析：
1．根据上文“Like China's Spring Festival...of Thanksgiving.”可知，像中国春节一样，感恩节让亲人聚到一起。D项(当亲人们回家与家人团聚时，距离并不重要。)承接上文。故选D。
2．根据下文“Ever since Thanksgiving was made an official...on the menu.”可知，该段在讲感恩节的必备食物——火鸡。B项(准备和吃火鸡是众所周知的感恩节传统。)引出下文。故选B。
3．根据上文“ Many other foods also came with the main dish.”可知，此处应列举出餐桌上的其他食物。A项(在这一天，南瓜饼是很受欢迎的甜点。)承接上文。故选A。
4．根据上文“Some of the traditional colors...corn and turkey.”可知，此处应说明和感恩节有关的颜色。F项(人们通常用这些颜色来装饰他们的家和公共场所。)承接上文。故选F。
5．根据上文“Even though I was thousands of...and her family.”可知，作者在朋友家过感恩节感受到了家的温暖。 G项(正如谚语所言，在感恩节那天，心灵总会找到回家的路。)承接上文。故选G。
Ⅴ.语法填空
(2024·保定高一检测)
Mexico has a unique food culture, and tamales(玉米粉蒸肉), for example, is a kind of delicious food.At least three times a week, David, a bus driver, buys tamales in the street.Tamales are made of corn flour as well 1.as meat, beans and cheese.David 2.has eaten (eat) the dish since childhood because the taste is 3.extremely (extreme) good.
Tamales are not only tasty, but also a good way 4.to provide (provide) enough energy for people in the workday.They carry lovely memories for 5.millions (million) of people like David.He remembers his grandmother preparing tamales for family celebrations and religious events.
Tamales are eaten in several neighboring countries under other names.But 6.the number of tamales in Mexico is huge, according to food researcher Ricardo.He has identified 25 families making tamales in Mexico, 7.which have many different kinds 8.based (base) on tastes and sizes.
The popularity of the tamales is so great that people can't stop 9.enjoying (enjoy) them.It is not a simple dish but a symbol of culture.David thinks tamales should 10.be passed (pass) from generation to generation, and he says he will eat them with his wife, children and other relatives to celebrate every festival, just like his parents and grandparents did.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。以玉米粉蒸肉为例介绍了墨西哥有着独特的饮食文化。
解析：
1．考查固定短语。句意：玉米粉蒸肉是由玉米淀粉以及肉、豆类和奶酪制成的。分析句子可知，空格处构成固定短语as well as，表示“也，以及”。故填as。
2．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。空格处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语since childhood可知应使用现在完成时，主语是David。故填has eaten。
3．考查副词。空格处为原因状语从句的状语部分，应使用副词修饰形容词good。故填extremely。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：玉米粉蒸肉不仅美味，而且还是一种在工作日为人们提供足够能量的好方法。空格处为后置定语修饰名词way，应使用不定式。故填to provide。
5．考查固定短语。空格处表示“数以百万计的”，应使用固定短语millions of。故填millions。
6．考查固定短语。句意：但据食品研究人员里卡多称，墨西哥的玉米粉蒸肉数量(需求量)巨大。空格处构成固定短语the number of，表示“……的数量”。故填the。
7．考查定语从句。空格处为非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是families，定语从句缺少主语，应使用关系代词which。故填which。
8．考查非谓语动词。based on基于，此处用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词kinds。故填based。
9．考查非谓语动词。空格处为动词stop的宾语，构成固定搭配can't stop doing sth.，表示“禁不住做某事”，应使用动名词形式。故填enjoying。
10．考查动词语态。空格处和情态动词should构成复合谓语，主语tamales和动词pass之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态。故填be passed。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共84张PPT)
UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
●话题导读
Canada—a land of diversity
Canada is like a blooming flower, unfolding with breathtaking beauty and richness to win the heart of those who enjoy what it has to offer. It is a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.It is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct cultures.
In the ten provinces and three territories which make up Canada, there is great diversity in geography. To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water.Ancient, slow-moving glaciers hug the land and a huge variety of wildlife wanders the remote forests.The establishment of national parks makes many of these beautiful places protected areas for the public to visit and enjoy, such as Banff and Jasper National Parks.One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water rushing over its edge in a splendid display of sights and sounds.
?[高频词汇] [佳句背诵]
[高频词汇]
1．blooming adj.盛开的，开花的
2．ethnically adv.种族地
3．distinct adj.截然不同的，有区别的；不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的
4．establishment n．建立，确立
5．mighty adj.巨大的，非凡的；强而有力的
6．splendid adj.壮丽的，雄伟的；极佳的，非常好的
[佳句背诵]
1．It is a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean.(现在分词作定语)
它是一个广阔而美丽的国家，从大西洋一直延伸到太平洋。
2．To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved by ice and water.(介词短语置于句首完全倒装)
太平洋海岸向东耸立着巍峨的落基山脉，这里有高耸的山峰和被冰川水流侵蚀而成的深谷。
●阅读思考
1．What wins the heart of tourists
______________________________
2．Which place has high peaks and deep valleys
_____________________________
Beautiful and rich scenery.
The grand Rocky Mountains.
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking，Reading and Thinking
自主预习
词汇记忆
1．Confucius _____
2．cemetery n．____________
3．philosophy n．__________
4．heel n．______________________________
5．currency n．_____________
6．military adj._______________
7．conquer vt. ________________
8．battle n．__________ vi.& vt.____________
孔子
墓地；公墓
哲学
足跟；(脚、袜子、鞋等的) 后跟
通货；货币
军事的；军用的
占领；征服；控制
战役；搏斗
搏斗；奋斗
9．ancestor n．______________
10．_____________ adj.单独的；个别的 n．个人
11．__________ n．王国；领域
12．________ adj.最重要的；最高级别的 n．(公司或机构的) 首领；酋长
13．_________ adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近
14．_______ n．港口(城市)
15．_________ n．收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电
16．_________ n．金额；数量
祖宗；祖先
individual
kingdom
chief
nearby
port
charge
amount
17．__________ n．(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊
18．___________ n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近
19．_________ vt.保证；确保；担保
20．____________ n．(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景
21．_________ n．黄油；奶油 vt.涂黄油于
22．________ n．蜂蜜
23．___________ n．位置；姿态；职位 vt.安装；安置
gallery
approach
ensure
landscape
butter
honey
position
词汇拓展
1．puzzle n．迷；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑→___________ adj.令人困惑的→__________ adj.感到困惑的
2．belong vi.应在(某处)；适应→_____________ n．所有物；财产
3．defence n．防御；保卫→_________ vt.保护；辩护
4．legal adj.法律的；合法的→__________ adv.在法律上；合法地→__________ adj.非法的
5．surround vt.围绕；包围→______________ adj.周围的；附近的→_______________ n．环境
puzzling
puzzled
belongings
defend
legally
illegal
surrounding
surroundings
6．evidence n．证据；证明→__________ adj.明显的；清楚的
7．achievement n．成就；成绩；达到→__________ vt.取得；达到
8．location n．地方；地点；位置→_________ vt.使……坐落于→__________ adj.位于；坐落于
9．fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→____________ vt.(使) 着迷→______________ n．魅力；极大的吸引力
10．announce vt.宣布；通知；声称→_______________ n．通告；宣告
11．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的→_____________ adv.慷慨地；大方地→_____________ n．慷慨；大方
evident
achieve
locate
located
fascinate
fascination
announcement
generously
generosity
词块识记
1．__________ 导致；引起
2．________________ 和……相似
3．____________________ 和……不同
4．________ 关于
5．__________ 抓住；稍等；不挂断电话
6．_______________ 把……和……连接或联结起来
7．______________ 把……加到……
8．____________________________ 脱离；背叛；逃脱
lead to
be similar to
be different from
as to
hold on
join...to...
add...to...
break away(from sb./sth.)
9．____________ 导致；造成
10．____________ 属于
11．_____________ 同(一样也)；和；还
12．___________________ 被……包围
13．____________ 接管；接任
14．_______________ 留下
15．_______________ 追溯到……
16．_________________________________ 留心；留意
result in
belong to
as well as
be surrounded by
take over
leave behind
date back to
keep one's your eyes open(for)
句型感知
1．So what is the difference between them, _________
那么，如果这些名称有区别的话，区别何在？
2．Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, _______________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
最后，在二十世纪时，爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
if any
which resulted in the full name we have today：the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
3．________________________________ , you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
英国历史上有四个不同民族在不同历史时期执掌这个国家。无论你身处英国何方，这些民族的遗迹都随处可见。
4．They _______________ all around England，and made changes to the legal system.
他们在英格兰四处修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。
Almost everywhere you go in the UK
had castles built
5．The capital city London is a great place to start, _________________
_______________________ dating all the way back to Roman times.
以首都伦敦为第一站，是个不错的选择。伦敦是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。
as it is an ancient
port city that has a history
课文预读
一、Reading for the main idea
Match the main idea with each part.
Part 1(Paras.1、2) ____
Part 2(Para.3) ____
Part 3(Paras.4、5) ____
A．The history, traditions and culture of the United Kingdom.
B．The origin of the name of the UK.
C．The four countries work together in some areas.
B
C
A
二、Reading for the details
Choose the best answer.
1．What is mainly discussed in this passage？____
A．The history of the United Kingdom.
B．The geography of the United Kingdom.
C．The people of the United Kingdom.
D．The politics of the United Kingdom.
A
2．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？____
A．The attractions of the UK.
B．The long and interesting history of the UK.
C．The historic sites of the UK.
D．The past and present of the UK.
A
3．What do the UK's four countries have in common ？ ______
A．They share the same national day.
B．They have a common legal system.
C．They share the same military defence.
D．They have a common sports team for competitions.
C
4．What is the author's attitude towards studying the history？____
A．Neutral.
B．Indifferent.
C．Supportive.
D．Doubtful.
C
要点探究
1.puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑；使困惑
●核心词汇
Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
稍微了解一下英国历史将有助于你解决这个谜题。
(2023·浙江1月高考)Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window.
读一本书，编织，做一个填字游戏，或者只是看看窗外的世界。
I was puzzled because my daughter's new friend looked so familiar.(读后续写之心理描写)
我很困惑，因为我女儿的新朋友看起来很熟悉。
(1)be a puzzle to sb.对某人来说是个谜
puzzle(oneself/sb.) over苦苦思索，绞尽脑汁
(2)puzzled adj.困惑的；迷惑的
puzzling adj.令人困惑的，令人迷惑的
puzzlement n．困惑，迷惘
单句语法填空
①The patient looked __________(puzzle), and then replied，“Oh this isn't for the care I had.”
②The most ___________(puzzle) thing is that our tone is too monotonous to present the character's inner heart fully.
③When I came back，I found my classmates staring at me.I looked at all six faces in _____________(puzzle)．
puzzled
puzzling
puzzlement
2.break away(from sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱；挣脱
Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK，which resulted in the full name we have today：the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
最后，在二十世纪时，爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
He decided to break away from home after graduation.
毕业后，他决定离开家。
It's impolite to break in when others are talking.
打断别人的谈话是不礼貌的。
break out(战争、洪水、火灾等) 爆发
break into强行闯入；破门而入
break in打断；插话；闯入
break up打碎；分裂；解体；结束；(关系等) 破裂
break down垮掉；出故障
单句语法填空
①No one knows for sure the reason why the band broke _____.
②You'll break _______ if you go on working like this.
完成句子
③What can we do to help them __________________(脱离) the difficult position
④A violent quarrel ____________(爆发) between them when he told lies to her.
up
down
break away from
broke out
3.belong vi.应在(某处)；适应
The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
同属于联合王国的这四个国家在某些领域紧密合作。
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
如果你计划在健身房锻炼，那个健身同伴必须和你属于同一个健身房。
She gathered her belongings and headed to the gate quickly.(读后续写之动作描写)
她收拾好行李，迅速走向大门。
(1)belong to属于
(2)belongings n．财物；财产
a sense of belonging归属感
belong to
belong to不用于进行时与被动语态；belong to的-ing形式可作后置定语。
单句语法填空
①When you are travelling outside，you should watch over for your _____________(belong)．
②Today I'd like to introduce a book to you，which belongs _____ history books.
③The mountain village I visited last week is made up of 30 families ____________(belong) to five nationalities.
完成句子
④Here in the company，you can feel __________________(归属感)．
belongings
to
belonging
a sense of belonging
4.as well as同(一样也)；和；还
They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。
(2023·浙江1月高考)Throughout the event, I was struck by the incredible variety of plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes, as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals.
在整个活动中，我被我们这个世界上存在的令人难以置信的各种植物所震撼，并了解了用于医疗目的的植物，以及为动物提供食物和住所的植物。
I wish I could speak English as well as he can.
我希望我英语能讲得和他一样好。
(1)as well as 相当于 in addition to，是一个连词结构，通常连接两个词性、结构对等的词或短语。
(2)当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数和第一个主语保持一致。
(3)as well表示“也”，相当于too，常放在句子末尾，作为副词短语使用。
单句语法填空
①His students，as well as the teacher, _______(be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony.
②The teacher，as well as his students, ______(be) invited to perform at the opening ceremony.
③As well as __________(look) at exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations and imagine themselves living at a different time in history.
were
was
looking
判断句中画线词组的含义
④Li Ying as well as her friends was listening to music at that time.____
⑤He speaks English as well as a native speaker._____________
⑥ As well as knowing about some Russian，she speaks Chinese well.______________________
和
和……一样好
除……之外还……
5.defence n．防御；保卫(＝defense)
They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。
The soldiers fought bravely in defence of their country.
士兵们为保卫他们的国家英勇作战。
Keep some ways of defending yourself against attacks in mind.(应用文之建议信)
记住一些保护自己免受攻击的方法。
(1)in defence(of...)为了保卫(……)
(2)defend vt.保护；保卫；为……辩护
defend...from/against...防御/保卫……以免受……
单句语法填空
①Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves _______________ some attacks.
完成句子
②Mr Green stood up __________________________________ (为那个小男孩辩护)，saying that he was not the one to blame.
③First of all，children need to know how _______________________
(自我保护)，how to establish relationships in a group.
against/from
in the boy's defence/in defence of the boy
to defend themselves
6.surround vt.围绕；包围
Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
无论你身处英国何方，你都发现有四个不同的民族在整个历史的不同时期占据政权的痕迹。
(2023·浙江卷1月)In the Ming Dynasty，the centre was the Forbidden City, surrounded in concentric circles by the Inner City and Outer City.
在明朝，中心是紫禁城，被内城和外城围成同心圆。
David likes to surround himself with young people.
戴维喜欢和年轻人在一起。
(1)surround...with...用……包围……
be surrounded with/by...被……包围/环绕
(2)surrounding adj.周围的，附近的
(3)surroundings n．环境，周围的事物
单句语法填空
①We find ourselves _____________ by many strange plants，and the _____________ scenery is really amazing.This is the very _______________
of nature we have been dreaming of.(surround)
surrounded
surrounding
surroundings
完成句子
②__________________________________ (被山和湖包围着)，the city looks beautiful.
③He _____________ his cottage _______(把……用……围起来)fence in defence of his belongings.
④I like to go camping in spring and I feel so refreshed ______________
_____________________(在大自然的环境中)．
⑤Water has been sent to the town and the ____________________(周围地区)．
Surrounded by/with mountains and lake
surrounded
with
in the
surroundings of nature
surrounding areas
7.charge n．收费；指控；主管 vt.收费；控告；充电
Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged.
朱蒂和我把车停在了特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那儿我们可以给汽车充电。
(2023·全国甲卷)The research shows it is women now leading the charge.
研究表明，现在是女性在领导这项运动。
I forget to have my mobile phone charged last night.
我昨晚忘记给手机充电了。
(1)in charge of 负责；掌管
in the charge of ＝in one's charge由……负责/掌管
take charge of 负责；掌管(动词短语)
free of charge 免费
(2)charge(sb.) for(doing) sth.因(做) 某事而(向某人) 收费
charge sb.with(doing) sth.指控/控告某人(做) 某事
写出句中charge 的词性和汉语意思
①Dr Wilson is in charge of the school built one hundred years ago.______________
②The charge for a room in this hotel is $100 per night.______________
③The police charged him with theft.___________
④He is facing a charge of robbery.___________
⑤There is something wrong with the car battery，so it needs to be charged regularly.____________
名词；管理
名词；收费
动词；指控
名词；指控
动词；充电
8.amount n．金额；数量 v．达到，总计；等于，意味着
We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.
我们发现自己对国家美术馆入口处的大量游客和噪声感到非常惊讶。
(2023·全国甲卷)I have a large amount of experience working with big data.
我在处理大数据方面有丰富的经验。
We need double the amount we already have.
我们需要现有数量的两倍。
(1)a/an(large/good) amount of＋不可数名词 许多……(作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式)
(large) amounts of＋不可数名词 许多……(作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式)
the amount of ……的数量
(2)amount to 总计为；相当于
单句语法填空
①Joe has spent quite _____ amount of energy on his English.
②A large amount of water ____________(waste) every day.
③Large amounts of money ___________________(waste)．
完成句子
④The fee they are offering has related to _____________________(工作量)involved.
an
is wasted
have been wasted
the amount of work
9.keep one's eyes open(for)留心；留意
If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.
如果你留心观察，你会惊讶地发现你既可以看到它的过去，也可以看到它的现在。
I've never had much of an eye for fashion.
我对时尚从来没多少鉴赏力。
We've asked the neighbours to keep an eye on the house for us while we are away.
我们已请邻居在我们离开时帮我们照看一下房子。
keep an eye on照看，照管；留心；注意
look sb.in the eye(s)直视别人
have an eye for对……有判断力/鉴赏力
catch sb.'s eye吸引某人的注意
完成句子
①我们应密切注意世界上的科学进步。
We should always _________________ the progress of science in the world.
②汤姆觉得他的母亲看着他的眼睛时知道他在撒谎。
Tom felt his mother knew he was lying when she __________________.
keep an eye on
looked him in the eye
③一天，我正浏览一本杂志时，一张照片引起了我的注意。
I was browsing through a magazine one day when a photograph _______
________.
④相反地，应该努力，并随时注意不要错过任何好机会。
Instead，work hard and __________________________ the lucky opportunity.
my eye
caught
keep your eyes open for
10.approach n．方法；途径；接近 vt.接近；接洽；着手处理 vi.靠近
It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.
由于有很多人围在画的周围，所以很难靠近这幅画。
(2023·浙江卷1月)Hovering(悬停)，sheapproached within six inches of my face.
她盘旋着，靠近我的脸不到六英寸。
With the winter holiday approaching, the students are more than a little excited，chatting with each other over what to do first happily.
随着寒假的临近，同学们都非常兴奋，兴高采烈地聊着要先做什么。
(1)approach sb./sth.接近/ 靠近某人/ 物
(2)an approach to(doing) sth.(做)某事的方法/ 方式
at the approach of...快到……的时候
the approach of...……的来临/临近
with＋宾语＋approaching随着……的临近
单句语法填空
①______________(approach) the city centre，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
②Facing up to your problems is the best approach to __________(work) things out.
写出句中approach 的词性和汉语意思
③As we approached the village，we saw new houses being built.___________
④Finally，they found an approach to the problem.___________
Approaching
working
动词；靠近
名词；方法
1.So what is the difference between them，if any
那么，如果这些名称有区别的话，区别何在？
●重点句型
if any是条件状语从句if there is any difference的省略。
Correct the mistakes, if(there are) any(mistakes), in the article.
如果文中有错误的话，请改过来。
Tom, please lend me a book on the history of China, if any.
汤姆，如果有关于中国历史的书，请借给我。
if ever如果曾经有的话
if necessary如果有必要的话
if possible如果可能的话
if any如果有的话
if anything如果有什么区别的话，如果有什么不同的话
if so如果是这样的话
if not如果不是这样；不然；否则
完成句子
①Problems, _________(如果有的话), should be solved without delay.
②Have you understood what the author means _________(如果没有), I hope you can read this chapter carefully.
③______________(如果可能的话), we'd better sit in the shade of a tall tree.
④I hear he has been in hospital for days.________(如果是这样的话), we'd better go to see him.
⑤She seldom, __________(如果有过的话), goes to the opera.
if any
If not
If possible
If so
if ever
2.They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.
他们在英格兰四处修建城堡，并改革了法律制度。
have sth.done某事被做
I'll have my hair cut tomorrow.
我明天要去理发。
I will have the car checked tomorrow to see whether there is something wrong with the engine.
明天我要让人检查一下这辆车，看看发动机是否有毛病。
“have＋宾语＋过去分词”结构具有以下几种含义：
(1)(主语)请别人做某事。
He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow.
他明天想去检查眼睛。
(2)(主语)遭受不愉快或不测的事情。
Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt.
当心，否则你会弄伤手的。
(3)(主语)做了或参与做某事。
Later on we had a great many trees planted.
后来，我们种了很多树。
“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构还有：
(1)have sb.doing sth.表示“让某人做某事”，其中现在分词作宾语补足语，表示持续的动作或状态。
(2)have sb.do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，指一次性的具体的动作。
完成句子
①我不能跟你去博物馆了，因为我今天下午有个很重要的会要开。
I can't go to the museum with you, for ___________________________
___________________________.
②他得步行去上班，因为他昨天让人修车了，现在还在修理中。
He has to walk to work, for ____________________________________ and it is still under repair.2
I have an important meeting to
attend this afternoon
he had his car repaired yesterday
③上周日我在买东西时钱包被偷了。
_________________________ when I was shopping last Sunday.
④他妈妈让他今天晚上待在家里。
His mother _______________________ tonight.
I had my wallet stolen
has him stay at home
随堂达标
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Tai Chi carries traditional Chinese _____________(哲学), such as being in harmony with nature and using softness to beat hardness.
2.These styles can be adapted to suit _____________(个人的) tastes.
3.During the Warring States Period, more walls were put up to defend the borders of different ___________(王国)．
4.Tourism is now the ________(最重要的) industry of Dawson City.
5.(2021·浙江高考)During the week, however, she likes to go to a _________(附近的) store to buy some small things she needs.
philosophy
individual
kingdoms
chief
nearby
6.Two years later she went to a British ___________(军用的) hospital so that she could help British soldiers.
7.Eventually, they found the piece of ___________(证据)they were looking for.
8.It was a remarkable ______________(成就)for such a young player.
9.The village was used as the __________(地方) for a popular TV series.
10.After this famous _________(战役), the PLA ____________(占领)this important port city.
military
evidence
achievement
location
battle
conquered
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Scientists were __________(puzzle) as to why the whale had swum to the shore.
2.The island, known for its amazing scenery, ____________(join) to the mainland by a bridge.
3.It is important for us to break away _______ the old traditional ideas.
4.The tornado has destroyed a lot of equipment ____________(belong) to the local fishermen.
5.It is __________(legal) for a driver to use a cellphone while driving.
puzzled
is joined
from
belonging
illegal
6.Zibo is _____________(surround) by numerous tourists due to Zibo Barbecue.
7.This port city is the most ______________(fascinate) place I have ever been to.
8.They took up arms _____ defence of their country.
9.The foreign student, as well as his parents, _____(be) scheduled to visit Temple of Confucius, the Kong Family Mansion and the Cemetery of Confucius next month.
10.The Amazon Rainforest is referred to _____ the lung of the Earth.
surrounded
fascinating
in
is
as
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Many people are confused about the meaning of the names：the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain and England.____________(solve) this puzzle, knowing a little bit about British history will help.
1.To solve
In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales ______________(join) to the Kingdom of England, ____________(follow) by the country Scotland in the 18th century.In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.___________(final), in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away ________ the UK, resulting in the full name we have today：“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”．People from the UK are called “British”， _________ means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.
2.was joined
3.followed
4.Finally
5.from
6.which
Even though the four countries which belong ______ the United Kingdom work together in some areas, such as using the same flag, sharing the same currency and military ___________________(defend), they also have some differences.Anyhow, the United Kingdom has _____ long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and ________(it) traditions.
7.to
8.defence/defense
9.a
10.its
