(共12张PPT)
UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
Section Ⅳ 写作指导
演练佳作
假设你是李华，请你给某英文报社的“城市风采”栏目写一篇短文，介绍我们伟大祖国的首都——北京。要点如下：
1．基本概况：人口约2 000万，面积16 000多平方千米，位于华北平原北部；
2．气候：四季分明，夏季炎热多雨，冬季寒冷干燥；
3．历史与文化：有3 000多年的历史，是我国的政治、文化中心，有很多著名的大学，如清华大学、北京大学；
4．交通与旅游：交通便利，有天安门广场、故宫博物院、长城等很多旅游景点。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
写作步骤
一、审题谋篇
二、要点陈述
巧用单元句式、语法
1．北京，中国的首都，人口约2 000万，面积16 000多平方千米。
Beijing，the capital of China, ______________________ about 20 million and ____________________ more than 16,000 square kilometres.
2．北京位于华北平原北部，四季分明。
_____________ the north of the North China Plain，Beijing has four distinct seasons.
has a population of
covers an area of
Located in
3．北京是中国的政治文化中心。
Beijing is __________________________ of China.
4．北京成功举办了2008年奥林匹克运动会，吸引了世界的目光。
Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympic Games and ____________
___________ the world.
the political and cultural centre
drew the
attention of
5．北京有很多著名的大学，如北京大学、清华大学等。
Beijing has many famous universities, __________ Peking University and Tsinghua University.
6．北京也是一个极有吸引力的度假的地方，且交通便利。
Beijing is also ______________________ to enjoy your holiday and it's convenient to travel there.
such as
a fascinating place
三、句式升级
1．将第3句和第4句合并为含有现在分词作状语的句子。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．将第5句改为含有定语从句的复合句。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Being the political and cultural centre of China，Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympic Games and drew the attention of the world.
There are many famous universities in Beijing，among which are Peking University and Tsinghua University.
四、连句成篇
参考范文：
Beijing，the capital of China，has a population of about 20 million and covers an area of more than 16,000 square kilometres.Located in the north of the North China Plain，Beijing has four distinct seasons，hot and rainy in summer and cold and dry in winter.
Beijing has a history of more than 3,000 years.Being the political and cultural centre of China，Beijing successfully hosted the 2008 Olympic Games and drew the attention of the world.There are many famous universities in Beijing，among which are Peking University and Tsinghua University.
Beijing is also a fascinating place to enjoy your holiday and it's convenient to travel there.There are many places of interest，such as Tian'anmen Square，the Forbidden City，the Great Wall as well as the Bird's Nest.Now，Beijing is playing a more and more important role in the world.UNIT 4 Section Ⅳ
夯基提能
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2024·合肥高一检测)
Confucius, a famous teacher, was also a politician and philosopher who lived in Spring and Autumn Period.During his lifetime, he planted the seeds for China's transformation by teaching thousands of people.Today, he is thought to be one of the world's greatest teachers.
Confucius grew up in a poor family.As he grew up, Confucius worked to help his mother earn money.When he wasn't working, he would read.His favorite thing to do was to learn.His mother saw this and did her best to help him learn.One day, rich families noticed how smart he was and offered him jobs counting their money and keeping track of their crops.
Confucius did this until he was 30 years old, but he always wanted to do more.He didn't like the way rulers treated their subjects.He wanted to find a way to help people who were less fortunate than he was.Later, he founded the philosophy “Confucianism”．Confucianism states that by educating yourself, loving your family, and respecting tradition you could become a better person.Confucius believed a person could achieve these things by practicing self-discipline.For the rest of his life, Confucius traveled and taught the people of China about self-discipline and the importance of education.He even opened China's first school to teach both the poor and the wealthy as equals.Although he became very famous among China's lower classes, the rulers of China never accepted his teachings.Eventually, his philosophy of self-discipline helped China unite under one ruler and finally find peace.Today, Confucius is celebrated all over the world for his philosophy of education, equality, and peace over war, money, and injustice.
语篇导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了春秋时期的教育家、政治家和哲学家孔子，介绍了孔子的个人经历，以及他一些著名的儒家思想。
1.What does the underlined word “subjects” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？ C
A．Teachers. B.Families.
C．People. D.Traditions.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的句子“He didn't like the way rulers treated their subjects.”可知，ruler指的是“统治者”，其对应的subjects的意思是“人民”。故选C。
2.According to the author, why did Confucius open China's first school？ A
A．To teach both the poor and the rich.
B．To become famous among China's lower classes.
C．To be accepted by the rulers of China.
D．To be celebrated all over the world.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“He even opened China's first school to teach both the poor and the wealthy as equals.”可知，孔子开办中国第一所学校是为了既教穷人也教富人。故选A。
3.What can we know about Confucius from the passage？ D
A．He was once a farmer guiding people farming.
B．He was born in a politician family.
C．He once acted as a math teacher.
D．He devoted himself to social change.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“在他的一生中，他教导了成千上万的人，为中国的变革播下了种子。”可知，孔子致力于社会变革。故选D。
4.What is the author's attitude towards Confucianism？ B A.Doubtful. B.Supportive.
C．Indifferent. D.Uncertain.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“最终，他的自律哲学帮助中国统一在一个统治者之下，并最终找到了和平。如今，孔子因其教育、平等、和平而不是战争、金钱和不公的哲学而受到全世界的颂扬。”可推知，作者对儒家思想的态度是支持的。故选B。
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024·广州高一检测)
Thanks to the efforts made by former world martial art(武术) champion Chen Sitan and his wife Lin Xu, the ancient Chinese martial art tai chi has 1.increasingly (increasing)become a form of life for many New Yorkers.
Chen started learning martial art 2.at the age of six.By the time he retired from his athletic career, he 3.had won (win)32 gold medals in Chinese and international competitions.Having coached athletes in sports team for years, 4.the Chens went to the US in 2003 with the hope 5.that they could bring Chinese culture for more people around the world through tai chi.
The couple started teaching children tai chi in school and later 6.founded (found)Sitan Tai Chi and Martial Arts.The school's class schedule now includes various 7.forms (form)of tai chi, health qigong, and different levels of martial arts.
Lin said people from different age groups come to 8.her (she)classes for different purposes.“Young kids want to improve 9.fitness (fit)and learn Chinese culture, adults take chances to relieve stress 10.brought (bring)by work, and retired people practice it to prevent health problems，” she said.
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了前世界武术冠军和他妻子把中国的武术文化传播到美国的故事。
解析：
1．考查副词。修饰动词become用副词形式。故填increasingly。
2．考查介词。at the age of “在……岁时”，是固定短语。故填at。
3．考查时态。从句含有By the time＋过去时，主句用过去完成时。故填had won。
4．考查冠词。 “the＋姓氏复数”表示一家人。故填the。
5．考查名词性从句。名词hope后接同位语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用that引导。故填that。
6．考查时态。根据前文中的started可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填founded。
7．考查名词复数。形容词various后接可数名词的复数形式，form为可数名词。故填forms。
8．考查代词。名词classes前用形容词性物主代词。故填her。
9．考查名词。动词improve后接名词作宾语。fitness是名词，意为“健康”。故填fitness。
10．考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，可知此处是非谓语动词作定语。名词stress与bring之间为被动关系。故填brought。
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was about six years old, my family and I went to an amusement park one weekend and had a wonderful day full of excitement.Little did I know that the real excitement wasn't to begin until that night.
While we watched the fireworks, I began to get an urge to go to the restroom, but I didn't want to miss the show.I overheard my sister Isabel talking to my mom, and I got closer to them to hear what they were talking about.
“Mom, I'm going to the bathroom with Lizette, okay？” said Isabel.
“Okay，” my mom replied，“but stay together.I don't want any of you getting lost.”
The second I saw my sisters leaving, I didn't think twice before running after them—without telling my parents.As I followed them through the huge crowd of people, I started to lose sight of them.I began to panic as I scanned the crowd for them.Crazy thoughts ran through my head like “What if I never see my family again？”
I gave up trying to find my sisters and tried to get back to my family, but I was completely mixed up.After searching for what seemed like forever, I couldn't hold back my tears, and I started crying like I had never cried before.
“Mommy！” I cried out.But everyone around me was too caught up by the fireworks to pay any attention to me.
I tried to stop the scary thoughts that were going through my head and started running as fast as I could...anywhere...everywhere.I was going crazy.“I'm only six, and I've gotten lost.What have I done How could I have been so dumb to run off without telling anyone？” I thought.
With my face wet from tears, I kept running, pulling at people's pants and crying，“Mommy！” I was hoping, wishing, that one of these adults would be one of my parents.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Luckily, I felt a pat on my shoulder and a gentle voice came，“Are you lost？”
Finally, through the crowd of people, I recognized a face.
参考范文：
Luckily, I felt a pat on my shoulder and a gentle voice came，“Are you lost”？“Yeeesss！” I cried.It was a lady working at the amusement park.She picked me up and carried me through the crowd as she kept asking me where my parents had been standing.As I began to feel safe in the lady's arms, I calmed down and thought for a few minutes.I remembered we had been leaning against a wooden fence.She carried me around the wooden fence, asking random people，“Is this your child？” “No.Sorry，” everyone kept saying.“You're sorry Look at me.I'm looking for my mommy，”I thought.
Finally, through the crowd of people, I recognized a face. I was so happy.“Mommy！” I shouted as I pointed toward her so the lady could carry me to her.When the lady put me down, I ran to my mom and gave her a huge hug.I couldn't let go of her.I didn't want to lose her again.As I cried in my mom's arms, my family thanked the nice lady for everything she had done for me.For the rest of the evening and the entire next day, I was more concerned with making sure that my parents were within my sight at all times than I was with seeing the sights at the amusement park.I look back at these memories and laugh at myself, but to this day, I always make sure to tell someone where I am going before I run off.
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