(共109张PPT)
Section C Lesson 2 War on Plastic Packets
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 垃圾箱
2．____________ n. 硬纸盒；塑料盒
3．____________ n. 椰子
4．____________ n. 壳；贝壳
5．____________ n. 餐具
6．____________ n. 筷子
7．____________ n. & vt. 吞下；咽下 n. 燕子
8．____________ n. 灰尘；尘土
9．____________ n. 委员会；理事会
bin
carton
coconut
shell
cutlery
chopsticks
swallow
dirt
council
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ v．打包→________ v．拆开包裹取出→________ n．包裹→________ n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
2．________ v．消费；吃，喝→________ n．消费者→________ n．消费
3．________ v．浪费→________ n．废弃物；浪费→________ adj.浪费的；挥霍的
pack
unpack
package
packaging
consume
consumer
consumption
waste
waste
wasteful
4．________ v．包，裹→________ v．打开→________n．包装材料
5．________ v．运输→______________ n．交通运输系统，运输方式
6．________ v．实现→________ adj.现实的，实际的→________ adj.真实的→________ n．现实
7．________ adj.意识到的，明白的→________ n．意识→________ adj.没察觉的；不知道的
wrap
unwrap
wrapper
transport
transportation
realise
realistic
real
reality
aware
awareness
unaware
8．________ v．收集；聚集→________ adj.集体的→________ n．收集；收藏品；专辑
9．________ adj.焦虑的，不安的→________ n．焦虑→________ adv.焦急地
10．________ v．利用→________ adj.有用的→________ adj.无用的→________ n．用法；使用→________ adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的
collect
collective
collection
anxious
anxiety
anxiously
use
useful
useless
usage
reusable
plastic packaging
have different opinions on
set out to do sth.
end up swallowing the plastic
be realistic
instead of
throw away
be committed to
在某人回家的路上
在这种情况下
在运输中
听起来像一个很棒的主意
变得更加具有环保意识
垃圾收集日
变得焦虑/不安
购买可重复使用的购物袋
第一版块|核心单词
1．wrap vt.包，裹；覆盖 n．围巾；披肩；包装材料
(教材原句)When I picked them up, I was amazed that each coconut was wrapped in clear, thin plastic.
当我把它们拿起来时，我惊讶地发现每个椰子都用透明的薄塑料包裹着。
(1)wrap... in 把……包在……里
be wrapped up in 完全被包在……里；全神贯注于
wrap (...) up (使)穿得暖和；包起来
wrap A (up) in B 用B把A包起来
wrap A round/around B 用A把B包起来
(2)plastic wrap 塑料包装
under wraps 保密；隐藏
keep sth. under wraps 把某事保密
take the wraps off 揭示，揭露
She was wrapped up in the novel that she even forgot to eat.她看小说入了迷，饭都忘吃了。
Diana is taking the opportunity to wrap up the family presents.戴安娜正在利用这个机会包装给家人的礼物。
He wrapped a scarf around his neck.他用围巾围上脖子。
She wrapped a bath towel about the baby.她把婴儿裹在浴巾里。
The hills were wrapped in mist.山丘笼罩在雾中。
Keep the plan under wraps.这个计划要保密。
[语境助记]
Kids just love playing around in the fresh air without having to wrap up．
孩子们就是喜欢在户外玩耍，不必穿得太暖和。
[提示]
wrap的过去式、过去分词、现在分词都要双写字母p。
wrap—wrapped—wrapped—wrapping
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She was so wrapped up ________ her work that she didn't realise how late it was.
②The bids were submitted in May and were kept ________ wraps until October.
in
under
完成句子
③It does make sense to ______________ (穿得暖和) before going outside.
④They're completely ________________ (全神贯注于) their work.
wrap up
wrapped up in
2．wasteful adj.浪费的；挥霍的 waste v．浪费；滥用 n．废物；浪费
(教材原句)I understand that, but in this case it's completely wasteful and unnecessary.
我理解，但在这种情况下，这是完全浪费和不必要的。
(1)be wasteful of 浪费……
It is wasteful to do sth. 做某事是浪费的。
(2)waste... on... 在……上浪费……
waste... (in) doing sth. 浪费……做某事
It is a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间。
a waste of time/money/effort 浪费时间/金钱/精力
waste an opportunity 浪费机会
waste one's breath 白费口舌
Keep lawn areas small as they are expensive and wasteful of water and time.减少草地面积，因为它们昂贵且费水费时。
It is wasteful to throw away glass, paper and metal.
扔掉玻璃、纸张和金属是很浪费的。
You're wasting your time trying to explain it to him.
你试图跟他解释这件事是在浪费时间。
He wasted a lot of time on things that had no importance.
他在不重要的事情上浪费了大量的时间。
Relaxing yourself is not a waste of time for it can improve your study efficiency.
放松你自己并不是浪费时间，因为它可以提高你的学习效率。
[语境助记]
It's a waste of breath talking to him.＝It wastes your breath talking to him.
同他交谈简直就是白费口舌。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It is ________ (waste) to put more food on your plate than you can eat.
②He persuaded me not to waste my time ________ (play) games.
③I think it is a waste of time ________ (sit) in front of the television all day.
④This kind of training is ineffective, and wasteful ________ scarce resources.
wasteful
playing
sitting
of
完成句子
⑤I hate to see good food _______________________ (被糟蹋).
⑥___________________ (……很浪费) to buy things that you do not need.
⑦We should never have gone—it was ________________ (纯粹浪费时间).
go to waste
It is wasteful
a total waste of time
3．aware adj.意识到的，明白的
(教材原句)Two friends, Lisa and Amy are discussing how to become more environmentally aware.
两个朋友，丽莎和艾米正在讨论如何提高环保意识。
be/become aware of 知道……；意识到……
be/become aware＋从句 知道……；意识到……
make sb. aware of 使某人意识到……
make sb. aware＋从句 使某人意识到……
as far as I am aware 据我所知
become unaware of the trouble 没有意识到麻烦
environmental awareness 环境意识
raise/arouse public awareness of 提高/激发公众对……的意识
Smokers are well aware of the dangers to their own health.吸烟者们都很清楚吸烟对其自身健康的危害。
Then he became aware that they were regarding him with interest.那时，他意识到他们都在饶有兴趣地看着他。
As far as I am aware, the company is not planning to expand its business overseas.
据我所知，此公司没有计划在海外拓展业务。
[词语积累]
well aware一清二楚
awareness n．认识，意识
unaware adj.没察觉的，不知道的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I became aware ________ no one else was laughing.
②Patients should ________ (make) aware of the risks involved with this treatment.
that
be made
完成句子
③The customers ______________________ (没有意识到) eating more than usual.
④June 8th was officially named by the UN as World Oceans Day, which is aimed at ________________ (提高……的意识) ocean conservation.
aren't aware of/are unaware of
raising awareness of
4．collection n．收集；收藏品；专辑；收取；聚集；募捐 collect v．收集；聚集；募捐
(教材原句)It's rubbish collection day tomorrow.
明天是垃圾收集日。
(1)data collection 数据收集
art/coin/stamp collections 艺术品/硬币/邮票收藏
a collection box 募捐箱
make a collection for 为……募捐
a collection of 很多；一批
(2)collect evidence/information 收集证据/信息
collect money 集资；筹钱
collect... for... 为……筹集……
collect... from... 从……领取/接走……
His greatest treasure is his collection of rock records.
他最珍爱的东西就是他收藏的摇滚唱片。
The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.
这个国家公园有大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象。
He used to collect cards, but now he likes to collect stamps.他以前收集卡片，现在却喜欢收集邮票。
[语境助记]
They collected money for those who lost their jobs.
他们为那些失业者募款。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①My father has ________ collection of magazines to which I return every now and then.
②Selected from ________ (collection) throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
③We all gathered together in front of the building ________ (collect) money for the poor children.
a
collections
to collect
完成句子
④We're __________________________ (为……筹款) Tom's retirement at present.
⑤She selected a diamond ring ______________________ (从收藏品中).
making a collection for
from the collections
5．anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的；紧张的；渴望的 anxiety n．焦虑 anxiously adv.急切地
(教材原句)I just get anxious when I think of the impact we have on the environment.
一想到我们对环境的影响，我就感到焦虑。
be anxious about 为……担心
be anxious for 渴望得到……；为……担心
be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事
be anxious for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事
be anxious that... 渴望……；盼望……
with anxiety 焦急地；急切地
I am anxious about the parcel because it hasn't arrived.
我对这包裹很担心，因为它还没到。
He was anxious for a doctor to come.他急盼医生到来。
We were anxious that everyone should know the truth.
我们渴望人人了解实情。
We waited with anxiety for our examination results.
我们焦急地等待考试结果。
They were waiting with anxiety for a doctor to come.
他们正焦急地等医生到来。
You have no reason for anxiety.你没有忧虑的理由。
[语境助记]
When I was 14, I was so anxious to see more art that a friend of mine and I bicycled across the Alps to see Venice.
14岁的时候，我是如此渴望了解更多艺术以至于我和我的一个朋友骑车跨越了阿尔卑斯山去威尼斯看一看。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①After all the delays, we were anxious ________ (make) up for lost time.
②My little nephew ________ (anxious) asked who would babysit him if I wouldn't be there.
③Watching him climb up the cliff, everybody was breathless ________ anxiety.
to make
anxiously
with
完成句子
④The boy ________________________ (渴望得到) a personal computer.
⑤He ________________________ (希望) the meeting the following day should be a success.
is anxious for
was anxious that
6．reusable adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的 usable adj. 可用的；适用的
(教材原句)We really should buy reusable shopping bags when we go to the supermarket.
当我们去超市时，我们真的应该买可重复使用的购物袋。
a reusable shopping bag 可重复使用的购物袋
a reusable plastic bottle 可重复使用的塑料瓶
They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.
他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的购物袋，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We have already discussed how to create ________ (usable) components.
②Charity shops and jumble sales welcome ________ (use) clothes.
reusable
usable
第二版块|重要短语
1．set out开始做某事，着手进行；出发，启程
(教材原句)In the week when the government sets out its new environmental programme...
在政府公布其新的环境计划的那一周……
set out on a long walk/trip 出发进行长距离徒步/旅行
set out for a place 出发/动身去某地
set out to do sth. 着手/开始做某事
set sth. out in the shop window 在橱窗陈列某物
set out some seedlings 播种一些种子
We set out to determine exactly what happened that night.我们着手查明那天晚上发生的事情。
We should study up on the map before we set out.
我们出发前应好好研究一下地图。
set out to do sth. 着手做某事
set off 出发，启程；使爆炸，引发爆炸
set apart 留出，拨出
set forth 陈述；阐明
set out for 出发去，动身去
set about doing (sth.) 开始做(某事)
set aside 把……放到一旁；省出，留出
set down 记下，写下；放下；制定，规定
set an example (to) (为……)树立榜样
set foot on 踏足
set... free/loose 放走；释放
set up 建立，成立；安排；安装
set fire to 点燃
set a date 确定日期
After dinner, Candida set out for the supermarket to buy some chocolate.晚饭以后，坎迪德外出到超市买些巧克力。
The hotel manager set aside two pleasant rooms for us.
旅店经理给我们留出两间舒适的房间。
Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him.爱默生总是把他突然想到的新想法写下来。
If you want to catch that train, we'd better set off for the station immediately.
你要是想赶上那班火车，咱们最好马上动身去火车站。
[语境助记]
The fisherman was set free. He set down his suitcase, set up a tent and set fire to some wood to get warm. After he had set a date for going home, he set about preparing to set out next week.
渔夫被释放了。他放下行李箱，搭了个帐篷，烧了一些木头取暖。在确定了回家的日期之后，他开始为下周出发做准备。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I should set ________ what happened regularly day by day.
②The Chinese government recently finalised a plan to set ________ a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP).
③I warned them not to do it, but my objections were set ________．
④He has achieved what he set out ________ (do) three years ago.
⑤He set an example of wholehearted service ________ the people.
⑥After the earthquake, the people set about ________ (rebuild) their homes.
down
up
aside
to do
to
rebuilding
完成句子
⑦Her diligence _________________________ (为其他人树立了榜样).
⑧On his arrival, he __________________________ (开始阅读) English words.
set an example to the others
set out to read/set about reading
2．stop off (at sp.)(在某处)中途下车/船；中途停留；停(学)
(教材原句)On my way home from work yesterday, I stopped off at a local supermarket.
昨天下班回家途中，我在一个当地超市前下了车。
We stopped off in Birmingham to see some friends on our way up to Scotland.
我们在去苏格兰的途中在伯明翰下车看望了一些友人。
Jane should stop off school until her stomach trouble is really better.简在她的胃病真正转好之前不应上学。
We stopped off at a hotel for the night. 我们在一家旅馆停留过夜。
stop over＝stop off (旅途中)作短暂停留
stop in (at...) (对某一地点)作短暂的访问
stop up＝stay up 晚睡；熬夜
stop out 待在外面；在外过夜
stop by 顺便访问，作短暂的访问
stop for 停候；等候
stop from 阻止(某人或某事发生)
[名师点拨]
(1)stop off at/in a place用作不及物动词短语，意为“(在某处)下车/船，中途停留”。
(2)stop off sth.意为“停止某事”。
如：stop off school, stop off work等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The president stopped ________ in Poland on his way to Munich for the economic summit.
②I'll be late home, and please don't ________ up for me.
③The official said that it might be too late to stop that country ________ becoming a nuclear power.
④Can you stop ________ at my office for a minute today
⑤I'll stop ________ to see Robert before going home.
⑥We will stop ________ you at the crossroad.
off
stay/stop
from
in
by/in
for
3．instead of代替；而不是 prep.(＝in place of, rather than)
(教材原句)Its customers take refillable containers with them when they shop, and use them instead of plastic boxes and bags.
顾客购物时会随身携带可重复充装的容器，用它们代替塑料盒和塑料袋。
Lee went there instead of his father.李代他父亲去那里。
He went there by ship instead of by plane.
他是乘船而不是乘飞机去那里的。
Instead of losing heart, the student decided to have another try.这个学生并没有灰心，反而决定再试一次。
He spent his time idly instead of working.
他不是工作而是荒废光阴。
[归纳总结]
instead of既可用作介词短语，后面跟名词、代词和动名词，也可用作连词，其后可跟副词或副词短语，有时也可接名词性从句。如：We should believe what he did instead of what he said.我们应该相信他做的事而不是他说的话。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Welson will be playing instead of ________ (I) on Saturday.
②The production in the plant has been increased very quickly instead of very ________ (slow).
③We went there ________ (乘火车) instead of ________ (乘长途汽车).
④It's our teacher who should ask you instead of ________ (you, ask) him.
⑤It's too hot today. Shall we stay in instead of ________ (go) out
me
slowly
by train
by bus
you asking
going
4．do away with废除，除去；（非正式用语）谋杀（某人）；自杀
(教材原句)I really believe we should do away with packaging completely.
我真地认为我们应彻底废除包装。
The government did away with free school meals.
政府取消了学校的免费用餐。
There were rumors that Bob had done away with his wife.
有种种传言说鲍勃谋杀了他的妻子。
与do构成的短语：
be doing well 安好，(事情进展)顺利
do out 打扫收拾；装饰
do out of... 剥夺……；欺骗……
do sb. out of sth. 剥夺某人某事；骗取某人某事
do with (如何)处理；应付
do without...＝go without 没有……也行；无需
have sth. to do with... 与……有关
have nothing to do... 与……无关
The patient is doing well.这病人已康复。
Are you trying to do me out of a job
你是要我没了工作吗？
What have you done with the box？你如何处理掉这个箱子的？
He is easy to do with.他是个容易应付的人。
We can't do without this dictionary.我们不能没有这本字典。
I have nothing to do with the accident.我跟这事故毫无关系。
She did him out of $1，000.她骗走了他1 000美元。
[语境助记]
My neighbour tried to do away with herself by taking poison.
我的邻居试图服毒自杀。
They did away with the law.
他废除了这法律。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①Why did the United kingdom ________________ (废除) the death penalty (死刑) for murder
②________________ (你怎么处理) the errors you found
③There's no more milk, so I guess we'll just ________________ (只得不吃了).
do away with
What did you do/with
have to do without
④Now that they have a regular income, they should be able to ________________ (没有我们的帮助也行).
⑤The boy was called in by the police; I think he may
__________________________________ (与这场事故有关系).
⑥If you are always late for work, you __________________________ (就会失去工作).
do without our help
have something to do with the accident
will be done out of your job
5．be committed to sth./doing sth.致力于(做)某事
(教材原句)It feels good knowing that there are so many other people who are committed to contributing to a better future for our planet.知道有这么多其他人致力于为我们的星球创造更美好的未来，感觉真好。
We are committed to improving services.
我们致力于改善服务。
The president is personally committed to this legislation.
总统亲自参与推动这项立法。
He was very committed to his job.他对工作非常尽心尽力。
(1)commit to do sth. 承诺做某事
commit oneself to a promise 遵守诺言
commit sb. to do/doing sth. 使某人做某事
(2)commit sb. to a nurse's care 把某人交给护士照顾
commit sb. to prison 把某人押送监狱
commit a bill to a committee 把议案交给委员会
commit sb. 5 years in prison 判处某人5年监狱
(3)commit money to the task 给这任务拨款
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The government is ________ (commit) to serving the people.
②He ________ (commit) a serious crime.
③Petty committed her little son ________ my care.
④The government committed itself ________________ (reduce) taxes.
⑤Signing this form commits you to ________ (buy) the goods.
⑥John was committed ________ prison and committed 2 years in prison.
committed
committed
to
to reduce/reducing
buying
to
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She arranged a safe ________ (可再填充的) container and cutlery on a small table.
2．It became the first ________ (可再使用的) packaging in space.
3．John has been ________ (意识到的) of having done something selfish.
4．She is very ________ (担心) about her selfless mother.
5．Why would somebody ________ (吞下，咽下) something unusual
refillable
reusable
aware
anxious
swallow
6．Our income has decreased, so we must be ________ (现实的，实际的) and give up our car.
7．Proactive and ________ (创新的) spirit is the driving force for our career.
8．The plan has attracted complaint from ________ (消费者) groups.
9．He and his wife will not be ________ (浪费的；挥霍的) of organic food.
10．The designer will ________ (包，裹) the skirt around your waist.
realistic
innovative
consumer
wasteful
wrap
Ⅱ.短语填空
stop...from doing, end up doing, be anxious for, end up with, set out, be aware of, be anxious about, do away with
1．It was raining when we ____________， which affected our mood.
2．Children always seem to enthusiastically ____________ the New Year to come.
3．The government should be determined to ________ the river ____________________ polluted.
set out
be anxious for
stop
from being
4．That city is determined to ____________ overhead wires.
5．All our ambitious intentions ____________ nothing.
6．How can Alice ____________ only one packaging
7．The host doesn't seem to ____________ the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal.
8．There is no reason to ____________ the presentation.
do away with
ended up doing
end up with
be aware of
be anxious about
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while ________ (grow) up on Samal Island in the Philippines.
2．Amy, as well as her brothers, was given a warm welcome when ________ (return) to the village last week.
3．Producing food that no one eats ________ (waste) the water, fuel and other resources used to grow it.
4．Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public ________________ (aware) about environmental protection.
growing
returning
wastes
awareness
5．She was anxious ________ (know) what had happened.
6．The next morning he hired a boat and set out ________ (find) the well-known painter.
7．________ (anxious) I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain.
8．Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition, because there was no extra money set ________ for a college education.
9．Things that are ________ (use) can be recycled more than once.
10．He had an immense ________ (collect) of second-hand cartons.
to know
to find
Anxiously
aside
reusable
collection
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．The party ________________________________ (以唱一首英文歌而结束).
2．We must __________________________________ (阻止他去河里游泳).
3．We ____________________________ (着手粉刷) the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
ended with an English song
stop him from going to swim in the river
set out to paint/set about painting
4．It is ________________________ (我们对成功的渴望) that supports us to overcome all kinds of obstacles.
5．Everyone is supposed to
__________________________________________________________
(意识到保护环境的重要性和紧迫性).
6．Recently a campaign ________________ (反对浪费食物) launched online might make you think twice about being so wasteful.
our anxiety for success
be aware of the importance and urgency of protecting the environment
against food waste
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共4小题；每小题1分，满分4分)
1．I'll take these two skirts. Please ________ (包) them up for me.
2．Many foreigners are used to using ________ (筷子) when they are in China.
3．Normally, the ____________ system in Paris carries many passengers a day.
4．Beijing has had the city ________ pass a law forbidding smoking in public places.
wrap
chopsticks
transportation
council
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．It is a shame to be so ________ (waste).
2．Jack still can't help being anxious ________ his job interview.
3．Cloth bags are ________ (reuse), so they are environmentally friendly.
4．The price increases were passed on by the firm to _______ (consume).
wasteful
about
reusable
consumers
5．Environmental ________ (aware) has increased over the past 10 years.
6．It is selling very well, in part because the ________ (package) is so attractive.
7．I have reached a point in my life ________ I am supposed to make up my mind.
8．Compared with abstract art, I have a preference for ________ (reality) art.
9．With new technology applied to art, more and more ________ (innovate) works will be created.
10．Mr Smith owns a larger ________ (collect) of coins than anyone else I have ever met.
awareness
packaging
where/when
realistic
innovative
collection
Ⅲ.选词填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
set out, do away with, end up, focus on, in action
1．If you don't know what you want, you might ____________ getting something you don't want.
2．The simplest definition of success is to ____________ to do something and to succeed in doing it.
3．It took an extraordinary effort for him to ____________ preparing for his classes or correcting his students' homework.
4．____________ the bad habits that might damage your health.
5．It is reported that a local naval (海军的) flier missed _________．
end up
set out
focus on
Do away with
in action
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分)
1．简不知道怎样才能提高她的汉语水平。(一句多译)
①Jane doesn't know ____________________ her Chinese.
②Jane doesn't know ____________________ her Chinese.
2．均衡饮食有助于保持我们的身体正常运行。
Having a balanced diet helps ______________________________．
3．It's a good idea for you to keep a diary while you are travelling in the area.(句型转换)
→It's a good idea for you to keep a diary while _________________．
how she can improve
how to improve
keep our body working well
travelling in the area
Ⅴ.阅读理解(共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分)
A
Animals can move from place to place, but plants cannot, When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back, Plants certainly cannot run away, and they lack teeth and claws. But plants can defend themselves by using both physical and chemical means.
Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away. For example, the leaves of the holly plant have sharp spines (刺) that discourage grass-eating animals. Holly on lower branches have more spines than leaves on upper branches. This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.
Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat. Some grass may contain a sandy material; eating such grass wears down the animals' teeth.
Many plants also have chemical defenses. Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter or cause an unpleasant reaction. Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals. When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends the roots the information to produce more nicotine. The higher levels of nicotine discourage the caterpillar.
Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses. A certain plant in China, for instance, has prickly (多刺的) leaves, and each prickle contains poisonous venom (毒液). A single experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的，有些植物采取了物理学上的方法，有些采取了化学上的方法，使自己免受动物的伤害，保护自己。
1．The leaves of the holly plant have more spines on the lower branches because most animals ________．( )
A．are not tall enough
B．like the lower leaves only
C．are not clever enough
D．can get the lower leaves easily
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach.可知选D项。
2．To defend themselves, oak trees use ________．( )
A．chemical means B．physical means
C．bitter chemicals D．sandy materials
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Some plants, such as the oak tree, have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat.可知橡树有厚的、坚硬的叶子，使用的是物理学上的方法来保护自己。故B项正确。
3．How does tobacco protect itself against an attack from a caterpillar？( )
A．Its leaves fight against the attack by physical means.
B．Its roots send a messenger to discourage the caterpillar.
C．Its roots increase the production of nicotine when it is attacked.
D．Its leaves produce poisonous sand to drive the caterpillar away.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的When a caterpillar (毛虫) bites a tobacco leaf, the leaf produces a chemical messenger. This messenger sends the roots the information to produce more nicotine.可知树根引起分泌出更多的尼古丁，故C项正确。
4．What would be the best title for this passage？( )
A．Plants and Animals
B．How Plants Defend Themselves
C．Attacks and Defenses
D．How Animals Eat Plants' Leaves
答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是不能移动的植物是如何保护自己的，有些植物采取了物理学上的方法，有些采取了化学上的方法，使自己免受动物的伤害，保护自己。
B
Surviving Hurricane Sandy (飓风桑迪)
Natalie Doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway, New York. Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house. “It's the ocean that makes Rockaway so special，” she says.
On October 29, 2012, that ocean turned fierce. That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit especially hard. Fortunately, Natalie's family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city's bridges closed.
When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. Many of Natalie's friends had lost their homes and were living far away. All around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. Natalie's school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in Brooklyn.
In the following few days, the men and women helping Rockaway recover inspired Natalie. Volunteers came with carloads of donated clothing and toys. Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. Teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.
“My mom tells me that I can't control what happens to me，” Natalie says，“but I can always choose how I deal with it.”
Natalie's choice was to help.
She created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. Natalie posted information about a boy named Patrick, who lost his baseball card collection when his house burned down. Within days, Patrick's collection was replaced.
In the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: Christopher, who received a new basketball; Charlie, who got a new keyboard. Natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to Rockaway. Her efforts made her a famous person. Last April, she was invited to the White House and honored as a Hurricane Sandy Champion of Change.
Today, the scars (创痕) of destruction are still seen in Rockaway, but hope is in the air. The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “I can't imagine living anywhere but Rockaway，” Natalie declares. “My neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了一个女孩在家乡小镇遭遇飓风后，尽自己的力量创建了一个信息分享网站来帮助人们重建家园。文章告诉我们：只要尽力，小人物也会有大贡献。
5．When Natalie returned to Rockaway after the hurricane, she found ________．( )
A．some friends had lost their lives
B．her neighborhood was destroyed
C．her school had moved to Brooklyn
D．the elderly were free from suffering
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins.可知Natalie回到Rockaway时，发现社区的房子都被毁了。故选B。
6．According to Paragraph 4, who inspired Natalie most？( )
A．The people helping Rockaway rebuild.
B．The people trapped in high-rise buildings.
C．The volunteers donating money to survivors.
D．Local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句In the following few day, the men... inspired Natalie.可知，是那些帮助重建Rockaway的人们鼓舞了Natalie。故选A。
7．How did Natalie help the survivors？( )
A．She gave her toys to other kids.
B．She took care of younger children.
C．She called on the White House to help.
D．She built an information sharing platform.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据文章第七段第一句She created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.可知，Natalie创建了一个信息共享平台来帮助幸存者。故选D。
8．What does the story intend to tell us？( )
A．Little people can make a big difference.
B．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
C．East or west, home is best.
D．Technology is power.
答案与解析：A 写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个小女孩在家乡遭遇飓风后，尽自己的力量帮助幸存者的故事。文章旨在告诉我们：在危机来临时，每个人都可以贡献出自己的一份力量。A项“小人物也会有大贡献”符合文章主旨。故选A。
C
On World Mental Health Day (10 October), employees at our Melbourne office in Australia, held a morning tea event to raise funds for ReachOut Australia—an online mental health organization for young people and their parents.
The event included a raffle (抽奖) with the winner receiving a free “mental health day” and the runner up receiving a half-day. Mental health days are personal days taken off of work that are not deducted (扣除) from annual leave balances. They are designed to enable employees to practice self-care and spend time doing more of what makes them feel happy and refreshed.
As well as the morning tea, the Melbourne office held a “Stress Down Day” where employees wore casual, comfortable clothes (such as tracksuits and slippers) to work by donation. The proceeds from this were also donated to ReachOut Australia, along with money raised at the morning tea.
OUP HR (牛津大学出版社人力资源) Administrator Abigail Jenkins, explains，“Being able to raise money for ReachOut Australia is so meaningful as many young people in Australia experience clinically significant mental health issues but are not receiving support. It's my belief that nobody should be suffering like that, let alone our young people. Supporting an organization that aims to provide free, accessible, and immediate help is really meaningful to everyone here.”
In order to promote mental health awareness within the team, the various fundraising activities were supported by a presentation from the Black Dog Institute, covering mental health in the workplace, how to recognize early warning signs, and how to care for ourselves and others.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在世界心理健康日这天，墨尔本办公室的工作人员为提高人们的心理健康意识，举行了各种形式的募捐活动。
9．Why did the staff members of Melbourne office hold the morning tea event？( )
A．To celebrate World Mental Day.
B．To help treat those with disabilities.
C．To collect money for young people and their parents.
D．To collect money for an online mental health organization.
答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“to raise funds for ReachOut Australia—an online mental health organization for young people and their parents”可知，墨尔本办公室的工作人员之所以组织早茶活动是为了帮助一个在线心理健康组织筹款。故选D。
10．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refer to？( )
A．Balances. B．Events.
C．Organizations. D．Mental health days.
答案与解析：D 指代判断题。根据画线词前一句“Mental health days are personal days taken off of work that are not deducted (扣除) from annual leave balances.”以及画线词所在句中的“to enable employees to practice self care and spend time doing more of what makes them feel happy and refreshed”可知，心理健康日不会扣除年假，属于自己的私人时间，这个节日的设立能够鼓励员工自我关心并花时间做更多让自己开心和放松的事。由此可推知，They指代的是“mental health days”。故选D。
11．What can be inferred from Abigail Jenkins' words？( )
A．Many young people offer to help.
B．Many young people suffer mental problems in Australia.
C．We should support an organization to help those with mental health problems.
D．Many people with mental health problems don't get help from the government.
答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句中的“Being able to raise money for ReachOut Australia is so meaningful”以及最后一句“Supporting an organization that aims to provide free, accessible, and immediate help is really meaningful to everyone here.”可知，对于大家来说，帮助ReachOut Australia组织筹款是很有意义的，因为这个组织可以为有需要的人提供帮助。由此可推知，我们应该支持这个组织来帮助那些有心理健康问题的人。故选C。
12．What is the main idea of the text？( )
A．How is World Mental Health Day formed.
B．ReachOut Australia carried out a presentation for those with mental problems.
C．Fundraising activities are held to support those with mental health problems in Australia.
D．The Black Dog Institute performed activities to support those with mental health problems.
答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了在世界心理健康日这天，墨尔本办公室的工作人员为提高人们的心理健康意识，举行了各种形式的募捐活动。C项很好地概括了文章主旨。故选C。Section C Lesson 2 War on Plastic Packets
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．____________ n. 垃圾箱
2．____________ n. 硬纸盒；塑料盒
3．____________ n. 椰子
4．____________ n. 壳；贝壳
5．____________ n. 餐具
6．____________ n. 筷子
7．____________ n. & vt. 吞下；咽下 n. 燕子
8．____________ n. 灰尘；尘土
9．____________ n. 委员会；理事会
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ v．打包→________ v．拆开包裹取出→________ n．包裹→________ n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
2．________ v．消费；吃，喝→________ n．消费者→________ n．消费
3．________ v．浪费→________ n．废弃物；浪费→________ adj.浪费的；挥霍的
4．________ v．包，裹→________ v．打开→________n．包装材料
5．________ v．运输→________ n．交通运输系统，运输方式
6．________ v．实现→________ adj.现实的，实际的→________ adj.真实的→________ n．现实
7．________ adj.意识到的，明白的→________ n．意识→________ adj.没察觉的；不知道的
8．________ v．收集；聚集→________ adj.集体的→________ n．收集；收藏品；专辑
9．________ adj.焦虑的，不安的→________ n．焦虑→________ adv.焦急地
10．________ v．利用→________ adj.有用的→________ adj.无用的→________ n．用法；使用→________ adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
将汉语译成相应的英文短语
1．________________ 塑料包装
2．________________ 对……有不同的观点
3．________________ 开始做某事，着手进行
4．________________ 最后吞食塑料
5．________________ 现实一些
6．________________ 代替，而不是
7．________________ 扔掉
8．________________ 致力于
将英文短语译成汉语
1．on one's way home ________________
2．in this case ________________
3．during transport ________________
4．sound like a wonderful idea ________________
5．become more environmentally aware
________________
6．rubbish collection day ________________
7．get anxious ________________
8．buy reusable shopping bags ________________
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．wrap vt.包，裹；覆盖 n．围巾；披肩；包装材料
(教材原句)When I picked them up, I was amazed that each coconut was wrapped in clear, thin plastic.
当我把它们拿起来时，我惊讶地发现每个椰子都用透明的薄塑料包裹着。
(1)wrap... in 把……包在……里
be wrapped up in 完全被包在……里；全神贯注于
wrap (...) up (使)穿得暖和；包起来
wrap A (up) in B 用B把A包起来
wrap A round/around B 用A把B包起来
(2)plastic wrap 塑料包装
under wraps 保密；隐藏
keep sth. under wraps 把某事保密
take the wraps off 揭示，揭露
She was wrapped up in the novel that she even forgot to eat.她看小说入了迷，饭都忘吃了。
Diana is taking the opportunity to wrap up the family presents.戴安娜正在利用这个机会包装给家人的礼物。
He wrapped a scarf around his neck.他用围巾围上脖子。
She wrapped a bath towel about the baby.她把婴儿裹在浴巾里。
The hills were wrapped in mist.山丘笼罩在雾中。
Keep the plan under wraps.这个计划要保密。
[语境助记] Kids just love playing around in the fresh air without having to wrap up．
孩子们就是喜欢在户外玩耍，不必穿得太暖和。
[提示] wrap的过去式、过去分词、现在分词都要双写字母p。
wrap—wrapped—wrapped—wrapping
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She was so wrapped up ________ her work that she didn't realise how late it was.
②The bids were submitted in May and were kept ________ wraps until October.
完成句子
③It does make sense to ______________ (穿得暖和) before going outside.
④They're completely ________________ (全神贯注于) their work.
2．wasteful adj.浪费的；挥霍的 waste v．浪费；滥用 n．废物；浪费
(教材原句)I understand that, but in this case it's completely wasteful and unnecessary.
我理解，但在这种情况下，这是完全浪费和不必要的。
(1)be wasteful of 浪费……
It is wasteful to do sth. 做某事是浪费的。
(2)waste... on... 在……上浪费……
waste... (in) doing sth. 浪费……做某事
It is a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间。
a waste of time/money/effort 浪费时间/金钱/精力
waste an opportunity 浪费机会
waste one's breath 白费口舌
Keep lawn areas small as they are expensive and wasteful of water and time.减少草地面积，因为它们昂贵且费水费时。
It is wasteful to throw away glass, paper and metal.
扔掉玻璃、纸张和金属是很浪费的。
You're wasting your time trying to explain it to him.
你试图跟他解释这件事是在浪费时间。
He wasted a lot of time on things that had no importance.他在不重要的事情上浪费了大量的时间。
Relaxing yourself is not a waste of time for it can improve your study efficiency.
放松你自己并不是浪费时间，因为它可以提高你的学习效率。
[语境助记] It's a waste of breath talking to him.＝It wastes your breath talking to him.同他交谈简直就是白费口舌。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It is ________ (waste) to put more food on your plate than you can eat.
②He persuaded me not to waste my time ________ (play) games.
③I think it is a waste of time ________ (sit) in front of the television all day.
④This kind of training is ineffective, and wasteful ________ scarce resources.
完成句子
⑤I hate to see good food ______________________________ (被糟蹋).
⑥______________________________ (……很浪费) to buy things that you do not need.
⑦We should never have gone—it was ________________ (纯粹浪费时间).
3．aware adj.意识到的，明白的
(教材原句)Two friends, Lisa and Amy are discussing how to become more environmentally aware.
两个朋友，丽莎和艾米正在讨论如何提高环保意识。
be/become aware of 知道……；意识到……
be/become aware＋从句 知道……；意识到……
make sb. aware of 使某人意识到……
make sb. aware＋从句 使某人意识到……
as far as I am aware 据我所知
become unaware of the trouble 没有意识到麻烦
environmental awareness 环境意识
raise/arouse public awareness of 提高/激发公众对……的意识
Smokers are well aware of the dangers to their own health.吸烟者们都很清楚吸烟对其自身健康的危害。
Then he became aware that they were regarding him with interest.那时，他意识到他们都在饶有兴趣地看着他。
As far as I am aware, the company is not planning to expand its business overseas.
据我所知，此公司没有计划在海外拓展业务。
[词语积累] well aware一清二楚
awareness n．认识，意识
unaware adj.没察觉的，不知道的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I became aware ________ no one else was laughing.
②Patients should ________ (make) aware of the risks involved with this treatment.
完成句子
③The customers ________________ (没有意识到) eating more than usual.
④June 8th was officially named by the UN as World Oceans Day, which is aimed at ________________ (提高……的意识) ocean conservation.
4．collection n．收集；收藏品；专辑；收取；聚集；募捐 collect v．收集；聚集；募捐
(教材原句)It's rubbish collection day tomorrow.
明天是垃圾收集日。
(1)data collection 数据收集
art/coin/stamp collections 艺术品/硬币/邮票收藏
a collection box 募捐箱
make a collection for 为……募捐
a collection of 很多；一批
(2)collect evidence/information 收集证据/信息
collect money 集资；筹钱
collect... for... 为……筹集……
collect... from... 从……领取/接走……
His greatest treasure is his collection of rock records.
他最珍爱的东西就是他收藏的摇滚唱片。
The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.
这个国家公园有大量的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象。
He used to collect cards, but now he likes to collect stamps.他以前收集卡片，现在却喜欢收集邮票。
[语境助记] They collected money for those who lost their jobs.他们为那些失业者募款。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①My father has ________ collection of magazines to which I return every now and then.
②Selected from ________ (collection) throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
③We all gathered together in front of the building ________ (collect) money for the poor children.
完成句子
④We're __________________________ (为……筹款) Tom's retirement at present.
⑤She selected a diamond ring ______________________ (从收藏品中).
5．anxious adj.焦虑的，不安的；紧张的；渴望的 anxiety n．焦虑 anxiously adv.急切地
(教材原句)I just get anxious when I think of the impact we have on the environment.
一想到我们对环境的影响，我就感到焦虑。
be anxious about 为……担心
be anxious for 渴望得到……；为……担心
be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事
be anxious for sb. to do sth. 渴望某人做某事
be anxious that... 渴望……；盼望……
with anxiety 焦急地；急切地
I am anxious about the parcel because it hasn't arrived.
我对这包裹很担心，因为它还没到。
He was anxious for a doctor to come.他急盼医生到来。
We were anxious that everyone should know the truth.
我们渴望人人了解实情。
We waited with anxiety for our examination results.
我们焦急地等待考试结果。
They were waiting with anxiety for a doctor to come.
他们正焦急地等医生到来。
You have no reason for anxiety.你没有忧虑的理由。
[语境助记] When I was 14, I was so anxious to see more art that a friend of mine and I bicycled across the Alps to see Venice.
14岁的时候，我是如此渴望了解更多艺术以至于我和我的一个朋友骑车跨越了阿尔卑斯山去威尼斯看一看。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①After all the delays, we were anxious ________ (make) up for lost time.
②My little nephew ________ (anxious) asked who would babysit him if I wouldn't be there.
③Watching him climb up the cliff, everybody was breathless ________ anxiety.
完成句子
④The boy ________________________ (渴望得到) a personal computer.
⑤He ____________________________ (希望) the meeting the following day should be a success.
6．reusable adj.可再使用的，可重复使用的 usable adj. 可用的；适用的
(教材原句)We really should buy reusable shopping bags when we go to the supermarket.
当我们去超市时，我们真的应该买可重复使用的购物袋。
a reusable shopping bag 可重复使用的购物袋
a reusable plastic bottle 可重复使用的塑料瓶
They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their “new” clothes home.他们还应该准备大量的可重复使用的购物袋，把他们的“新”衣服带回家。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We have already discussed how to create ________ (usable) components.
②Charity shops and jumble sales welcome ________ (use) clothes.
第二版块|重要短语
1．set out开始做某事，着手进行；出发，启程
(教材原句)In the week when the government sets out its new environmental programme...
在政府公布其新的环境计划的那一周……
set out on a long walk/trip 出发进行长距离徒步/旅行
set out for a place 出发/动身去某地
set out to do sth. 着手/开始做某事
set sth. out in the shop window 在橱窗陈列某物
set out some seedlings 播种一些种子
We set out to determine exactly what happened that night.我们着手查明那天晚上发生的事情。
We should study up on the map before we set out.
我们出发前应好好研究一下地图。
set out to do sth. 着手做某事
set off 出发，启程；使爆炸，引发爆炸
set apart 留出，拨出
set forth 陈述；阐明
set out for 出发去，动身去
set about doing (sth.) 开始做(某事)
set aside 把……放到一旁；省出，留出
set down 记下，写下；放下；制定，规定
set an example (to) (为……)树立榜样
set foot on 踏足
set... free/loose 放走；释放
set up 建立，成立；安排；安装
set fire to 点燃
set a date 确定日期
After dinner, Candida set out for the supermarket to buy some chocolate.晚饭以后，坎迪德外出到超市买些巧克力。
The hotel manager set aside two pleasant rooms for us.
旅店经理给我们留出两间舒适的房间。
Emerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him.爱默生总是把他突然想到的新想法写下来。
If you want to catch that train, we'd better set off for the station immediately.
你要是想赶上那班火车，咱们最好马上动身去火车站。
[语境助记] The fisherman was set free. He set down his suitcase, set up a tent and set fire to some wood to get warm. After he had set a date for going home, he set about preparing to set out next week.渔夫被释放了。他放下行李箱，搭了个帐篷，烧了一些木头取暖。在确定了回家的日期之后，他开始为下周出发做准备。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I should set ________ what happened regularly day by day.
②The Chinese government recently finalised a plan to set ________ a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP).
③I warned them not to do it, but my objections were set ________．
④He has achieved what he set out ________ (do) three years ago.
⑤He set an example of wholehearted service ________ the people.
⑥After the earthquake, the people set about ________ (rebuild) their homes.
完成句子
⑦Her diligence ____________________________________________________ (为其他人树立了榜样).
⑧On his arrival, he ____________________________________ (开始阅读) English words.
2．stop off (at sp.)(在某处)中途下车/船；中途停留；停(学)
(教材原句)On my way home from work yesterday, I stopped off at a local supermarket.
昨天下班回家途中，我在一个当地超市前下了车。
We stopped off in Birmingham to see some friends on our way up to Scotland.
我们在去苏格兰的途中在伯明翰下车看望了一些友人。
Jane should stop off school until her stomach trouble is really better.简在她的胃病真正转好之前不应上学。
We stopped off at a hotel for the night.
我们在一家旅馆停留过夜。
stop over＝stop off (旅途中)作短暂停留
stop in (at...) (对某一地点)作短暂的访问
stop up＝stay up 晚睡；熬夜
stop out 待在外面；在外过夜
stop by 顺便访问，作短暂的访问
stop for 停候；等候
stop from 阻止(某人或某事发生)
[名师点拨]
(1)stop off at/in a place用作不及物动词短语，意为“(在某处)下车/船，中途停留”。
(2)stop off sth.意为“停止某事”。
如：stop off school, stop off work等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The president stopped ________ in Poland on his way to Munich for the economic summit.
②I'll be late home, and please don't ________ up for me.
③The official said that it might be too late to stop that country ________ becoming a nuclear power.
④Can you stop ________ at my office for a minute today
⑤I'll stop ________ to see Robert before going home.
⑥We will stop ________ you at the crossroad.
3．instead of代替；而不是 prep.(＝in place of, rather than)
(教材原句)Its customers take refillable containers with them when they shop, and use them instead of plastic boxes and bags.顾客购物时会随身携带可重复充装的容器，用它们代替塑料盒和塑料袋。
Lee went there instead of his father.李代他父亲去那里。
He went there by ship instead of by plane.
他是乘船而不是乘飞机去那里的。
Instead of losing heart, the student decided to have another try.这个学生并没有灰心，反而决定再试一次。
He spent his time idly instead of working.
他不是工作而是荒废光阴。
[归纳总结]
instead of既可用作介词短语，后面跟名词、代词和动名词，也可用作连词，其后可跟副词或副词短语，有时也可接名词性从句。如：We should believe what he did instead of what he said.我们应该相信他做的事而不是他说的话。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Welson will be playing instead of ________ (I) on Saturday.
②The production in the plant has been increased very quickly instead of very ________ (slow).
③We went there ________ (乘火车) instead of ________ (乘长途汽车).
④It's our teacher who should ask you instead of ________ (you, ask) him.
⑤It's too hot today. Shall we stay in instead of ________ (go) out
4．do away with废除，除去；（非正式用语）谋杀（某人）；自杀
(教材原句)I really believe we should do away with packaging completely.我真地认为我们应彻底废除包装。
The government did away with free school meals.
政府取消了学校的免费用餐。
There were rumors that Bob had done away with his wife.
有种种传言说鲍勃谋杀了他的妻子。
与do构成的短语：
be doing well 安好，(事情进展)顺利
do out 打扫收拾；装饰
do out of... 剥夺……；欺骗……
do sb. out of sth. 剥夺某人某事；骗取某人某事
do with (如何)处理；应付
do without...＝go without 没有……也行；无需
have sth. to do with... 与……有关
have nothing to do... 与……无关
The patient is doing well.这病人已康复。
Are you trying to do me out of a job
你是要我没了工作吗？
What have you done with the box？你如何处理掉这个箱子的？
He is easy to do with.他是个容易应付的人。
We can't do without this dictionary.我们不能没有这本字典。
I have nothing to do with the accident.我跟这事故毫无关系。
She did him out of $1，000.她骗走了他1 000美元。
[语境助记]
My neighbour tried to do away with herself by taking poison.
我的邻居试图服毒自杀。
They did away with the law.
他废除了这法律。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①Why did the United kingdom ________________ (废除) the death penalty (死刑) for murder
②________________ (你怎么处理) the errors you found
③There's no more milk, so I guess we'll just ________________ (只得不吃了).
④Now that they have a regular income, they should be able to ________________ (没有我们的帮助也行).
⑤The boy was called in by the police; I think he may______________________________ (与这场事故有关系).
⑥If you are always late for work, you ________________________________ (就会失去工作).
5．be committed to sth./doing sth.致力于(做)某事
(教材原句)It feels good knowing that there are so many other people who are committed to contributing to a better future for our planet.知道有这么多其他人致力于为我们的星球创造更美好的未来，感觉真好。
We are committed to improving services.
我们致力于改善服务。
The president is personally committed to this legislation.
总统亲自参与推动这项立法。
He was very committed to his job.他对工作非常尽心尽力。
(1)commit to do sth. 承诺做某事
commit oneself to a promise 遵守诺言
commit sb. to do/doing sth. 使某人做某事
(2)commit sb. to a nurse's care 把某人交给护士照顾
commit sb. to prison 把某人押送监狱
commit a bill to a committee 把议案交给委员会
commit sb. 5 years in prison 判处某人5年监狱
(3)commit money to the task 给这任务拨款
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The government is ________ (commit) to serving the people.
②He ________ (commit) a serious crime.
③Petty committed her little son ________ my care.
④The government committed itself ________ (reduce) taxes.
⑤Signing this form commits you to ________ (buy) the goods.
⑥John was committed ________ prison and committed 2 years in prison.
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．She arranged a safe ________ (可再填充的) container and cutlery on a small table.
2．It became the first ________ (可再使用的) packaging in space.
3．John has been ________ (意识到的) of having done something selfish.
4．She is very ________ (担心) about her selfless mother.
5．Why would somebody ________ (吞下，咽下) something unusual
6．Our income has decreased, so we must be ________ (现实的，实际的) and give up our car.
7．Proactive and ________ (创新的) spirit is the driving force for our career.
8．The plan has attracted complaint from ________ (消费者) groups.
9．He and his wife will not be ________ (浪费的；挥霍的) of organic food.
10．The designer will ________ (包，裹) the skirt around your waist.
Ⅱ.短语填空
stop...from doing, end up doing, be anxious for, end up with, set out, be aware of, be anxious about, do away with
1．It was raining when we ____________， which affected our mood.
2．Children always seem to enthusiastically ____________ the New Year to come.
3．The government should be determined to ________ the river ________ polluted.
4．That city is determined to ____________ overhead wires.
5．All our ambitious intentions ____________ nothing.
6．How can Alice ____________ only one packaging
7．The host doesn't seem to ____________ the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal.
8．There is no reason to ____________ the presentation.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while ________ (grow) up on Samal Island in the Philippines.
2．Amy, as well as her brothers, was given a warm welcome when ________ (return) to the village last week.
3．Producing food that no one eats ________ (waste) the water, fuel and other resources used to grow it.
4．Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public ________ (aware) about environmental protection.
5．She was anxious ________ (know) what had happened.
6．The next morning he hired a boat and set out ________ (find) the well-known painter.
7．________ (anxious) I went to bed dreaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain.
8．Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition, because there was no extra money set ________ for a college education.
9．Things that are ________ (use) can be recycled more than once.
10．He had an immense ________ (collect) of second-hand cartons.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．The party ________________________________ (以唱一首英文歌而结束).
2．We must __________________________________ (阻止他去河里游泳).
3．We ____________________________ (着手粉刷) the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
4．It is ______________________________________ (我们对成功的渴望) that supports us to overcome all kinds of obstacles.
5．Everyone is supposed to ____________________________ (意识到保护环境的重要性和紧迫性).
6．Recently a campaign ________________ (反对浪费食物) launched online might make you think twice about being so wasteful.
Section C Lesson 2 War on Plastic Packets
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．bin 2.carton 3.coconut 4.shell 5.cutlery
6．chopsticks 7.swallow 8.dirt 9.council
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．pack; unpack; package; packaging 2.consume; consumer; consumption 3.waste; waste; wasteful 4.wrap; unwrap; wrapper 5.transport; transportation 6.realise; realistic; real; reality 7.aware; awareness; unaware 8.collect; collective; collection 9.anxious; anxiety; anxiously 10.use; useful; useless; usage; reusable
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．plastic packaging 2.have different opinions on 3.set out to do sth. 4.end up swallowing the plastic 5.be realistic 6.instead of 7.throw away 8.be committed to
1．在某人回家的路上 2.在这种情况下 3.在运输中 4.听起来像一个很棒的主意 5.变得更加具有环保意识 6.垃圾收集日 7.变得焦虑/不安 8.购买可重复使用的购物袋
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①in ②under ③wrap up ④wrapped up in
2．①wasteful ②playing ③sitting ④of ⑤go to waste ⑥It is wasteful ⑦a total waste of time
3．①that ②be made ③aren't aware of/are unaware of
④raising awareness of
4．①a ②collections ③to collect ④making a collection for
⑤from the collections
5．①to make ②anxiously ③with ④is anxious for ⑤was anxious that
6．①reusable ②usable
第二版块|重要短语
1．①down ②up ③aside ④to do ⑤to ⑥rebuilding
⑦set an example to the others ⑧set out to read/set about reading
2．①off ②stay/stop ③from ④in ⑤by/in ⑥for
3．①me ②slowly ③by train; by bus ④you asking ⑤going
4．①do away with ②What did you do/with ③have to do without ④do without our help ⑤have something to do with the accident ⑥will be done out of your job
5．①committed ②committed ③to ④to reduce/reducing ⑤buying ⑥to
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．refillable 2.reusable 3.aware 4.anxious 5.swallow 6.realistic 7.innovative 8.consumer 9.wasteful 10.wrap
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．set out 2.be anxious for 3.stop; from being 4.do away with 5.ended up doing 6.end up with 7.be aware of
8．be anxious about
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．growing 2.returning 3.wastes 4.awareness 5.to know
6．to find 7.Anxiously 8.aside 9.reusable 10.collection
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．ended with an English song
2．stop him from going to swim in the river
3．set out to paint/set about painting
4．our anxiety for success
5．be aware of the importance and urgency of protecting the environment
6．against food waste
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