北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册课时作业(十四) UNIT 3 Section D Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction含答案与解析

课时作业(十四)　UNIT 3 Section D　Lesson 3　The Road to Destruction
(分值：64分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共3小题；每小题1分，满分3分)
1．In the past two ________ (十年), great changes have taken place in our country.
2．We remained s________ in the traffic jam until midnight due to a serious accident.
3．Coal and g________ are traditional fuels, but they bring lots of side effects too.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分)
1．We drove to the airport the next morning to pick ________ Susan.
2．People who ________ (regular) practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively.
3．From the ________ (annoy) look on her face, we knew that she was quite mad about what her son had done.
4．I was very ________ (anger) with myself for making such a stupid mistake.
5．If ________ (cancer) are found early, there is a high opportunity for survival.
6．It usually takes me 20 minutes ________ (get) home by bus.
7．Finally they climbed to the top of the mountain, ________ (tire) and thirsty.
8．I enjoyed my stay in the library ________ I could read various books I was interested in.
Ⅲ.选词填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
stressed out, be related to, go up, compared to, be addicted to
1．I went through about four years of ____________ video games.
2．I've had some difficulties, but they are nothing ____________ yours.
3．These students were ____________， having to cope with too much homework and too many demands.
4．The topic you choose must ____________ your studies.
5．If costs ____________， there will be an increase in prices.
Ⅳ.完成句子/句式升级(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
1．由于伊莎贝尔擅长研究，而彼得总是有说话的天赋，所以他们合作得很好。
As Isabel was good at researching ______________________________， they cooperated quite well.
2．英语老师强调了学好英语的重要性。(stress)
The English teacher __________________ English well.
3．毫无疑问，小麦的价格将会下降。(一句多译)
①__________________________ the price of wheat will go down.
②________________， the price of wheat will go down.
4．The boy was addicted to computer games, so he didn't want to study.(句式升级)
→______________________________， the boy didn't want to study.
Ⅴ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
More and more birds are flying to settle in Qinghai Lake, one of the highest inland lakes in China, thanks to the protection efforts of the local government. Covering an area of over 4，000 square kilometers, Qinghai Lake is also the country's biggest salt lake.
Located in Qinghai Province of Northwest China, the lake is famous for the two islands at its northwest point—Cormorant Island and Egg Island. The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various fish, offering rich food sources to birds. The islands have become a paradise for different kinds of groups of birds and have been called “Bird Islands”．
Each March and April, when ice and snow covering the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (高原) start to melt, over 20 kinds of birds fly to the Bird Islands to lay eggs. During the months, flocks of birds cover the whole sky over the islands and bird eggs can be found everywhere. Visitors can hear the singing of birds from miles away. These have become a world-famous symbol of the lake.
To protect this paradise for birds and support calls for ecological protection, China set up the Qinghai Lake National Natural Reserve at the end of 1997. Meanwhile, the State has pointed out that the Bird Islands and Spring Bay of Qinghai Lake were central reserves.
Inspectors and conservators often patrol (巡逻) the lake, enriching local residents' knowledge of related laws and spreading knowledge about animal protection to visitors. They are making great efforts to call on people to love and protect the birds. At the same time, they have built special fences around the island area to prevent wolves, foxes and other carnivorous animals, as well as illegal hunters from breaking up the birds' building nests, laying eggs and breeding (繁殖). As a result, more and more birds are coming to the islands for sheltering and breeding.
1．Why are more and more birds coming to the biggest salt lake in Northwest China？(　　)
A．Because it is getting warmer and warmer.
B．Because it is being reformed.
C．Because the environment is getting more agreeable for them to live in.
D．Because the people there are becoming richer and richer.
2．What do the birds feed on？(　　)
A．Floating fish and various grass.
B．Grass growing in the water and different kinds of fish.
C．Salt water and plenty of grains.
D．Corn from the local farmers.
3．According to the passage, we can infer that ________．(　　)
A．over 20 kinds of birds come to the Bird Islands before March
B．flocks of birds fly up to the whole sky over the islands to lay eggs
C．visitors can see the birds from miles away
D．the government has taken many measures to protect the district
4．This passage is most probably taken from ________.(　　)
A．a newspaper B．a document
C．a storybook D．a science book
B
Walk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it steamy, warm, damp and thick. But if you had been there around 15，000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests might have reacted to the cold, dry climate of the ice ages, but till now, no one has reached a satisfying answer.
Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to solve global warming. Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tons of CO2 each year, equal to the total amount of CO2 given off in the UK each year. But how will the Amazon react to the future climate change If it gets drier, will it survive and continue to draw down CO2 Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past.
Unfortunately, collecting information is incredibly difficult. To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen (花粉) kept in lake mud. Going back to the last ice age means drilling down into lake sediment (沉积物), which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery. There are very few roads and paths, or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes. Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest, but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled (未取样). So far, only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon forest reacted to climate change.
5．How do scientists study the past climate change？(　　)
A．By predicting the climate change in the future.
B．By drilling down deep into land sediment.
C．By taking samples from rivers in the Amazon.
D．By analyzing fossilized pollen in lake mud.
6．What is needed for drilling down into lake sediment？(　　)
A．The latest helicopter.
B．The special equipment.
C．The light machinery.
D．The narrow path.
7．What is the purpose of writing the passage？(　　)
A．To attract more people's attention to CO2.
B．To call on people to protect rainforests.
C．To inform people of how scientists work on rainforests.
D．To warn people to stay away from the danger of rainforests.
8．The best title for the text may be ________．(　　)
A．Mystery of the Rainforest
B．Climates of the Rainforest
C．The History of the Rainforest
D．Changes of the Rainforest
Ⅵ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Last night was the last game for my eight-year-old son's soccer team. It was the final quarter. The score was two to one, my son's team in the __1__.Parents encircled the field, offering __2__.
With less than ten seconds remaining, the ball __3__ in front of my son's teammate, Mikey O'Donnel. With __4__ of “Kick it！” echoing (回响) across the field, Mikey gave it everything he had. All round me the crowd __5__. O'Donnel had scored!
Then there was silence. Mikey had scored all right, but in the __6__ goal, ending the game in a tie. For a moment there was total silence. You see, Mikey has Down's syndrome (唐氏综合征) and for him there is no such thing as a wrong goal. All goals were __7__ by a joyous hug from Mikey. He had even run to hug the __8__ players when they scored.
The __9__ was finally broken when Mikey, his face filled with __10__， grabbed my son, hugged him and __11__， “I scored! I scored! Everybody won! Everybody won！” For a moment I held my breath, not sure how my son would __12__. I need not have worried. I watched, through tears, as my son __13__ his hand up in the classic high-five salute and started chanting, “Way to go Mikey! Way to go Mikey！” Within moments both teams __14__ Mikey, joining in the chant and __15__ him on his goal.
Later that night, when my daughter asked who had won, I smiled as I replied, “It was a tie. Everybody won.”　
1．(　　)A．lead B．front
C．end D．advance
2．(　　)A．favor B．assistance
C．encouragement D．satisfaction
3．(　　)A． stopped B．rolled
C．arrived D．pulled
4．(　　)A．orders B．wishes
C．thoughts D．shouts
5．(　　)A．disappointed B．erupted
C．terrified D．charmed
6．(　　)A．successful B．different
C．wrong D．standard
7．(　　)A．completed B．considered
C．supported D．celebrated
8．(　　)A．exciting B．experienced
C．opposing D．relaxed
9．(　　)A．record B．silence
C．surprise D．anger
10．(　　)A．shame B．sadness
C．joy D．tear
11．(　　)A．yelled B．announced
C．proved D．promised
12．(　　) A．decide B．shock
C．regret D．react
13．(　　)A．put B．held
C．took D．threw
14．(　　) A．defeated B．recognised
C．searched D．surrounded
15．(　　) A．punishing B．blaming
C．criticizing D．congratulating
课时作业(十四)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．decades　2.stuck　3.gas
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．up　2.regularly　3.annoyed　4.angry　5.cancers
6．to get　7.tired　8.where
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．being addicted to　2.compared to　3.stressed out
4．be related to　5.go up
Ⅳ.完成句子/句式升级
1．while Peter always had a talent for speaking
2．stressed the importance of learning
3．①There is no doubt that　②Without doubt
4．Addicted to computer games
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了越来越多的鸟来到青海湖，当地政府的保护措施使这个地方成为鸟类的天堂。政府向人们普及鸟类保护法，号召人们保护鸟类。
1．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“More and more birds are flying to settle in Qinghai Lake, one of the highest inland lakes in China, thanks to the protection efforts of the local government.”以及下文可知，越来越多的鸟飞到青海湖栖息一方面是由于当地政府对环境保护所做出的努力，另一方面是因为那里有充足的食物来源，也就是说那里的环境越来越适合鸟类生存。
2．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The two islands have plenty of floating grass and various fish, offering rich food sources to birds.”可知，两个岛上有丰富的水草与各种鱼类，为鸟类提供了丰富的食物。
3．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据第四、五段及第一段中的“thanks to the protection efforts of the local government”可知，政府已经采取了很多措施保护这片区域。
4．答案与解析：A　推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲的是由于当地政府对环境的保护，越来越多的鸟来到青海湖。这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸上，是一篇新闻报道。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家为研究亚马孙雨林将如何应对将来的气候变化而对过去的雨林是如何度过冰河时期进行取样研究。
5．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据文中第三段第二句To study the past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen (花粉) kept in lake mud.可知，要研究过去的气候，科学家需要看保存在湖泥中的花粉化石。故选D。
6．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据文中第三段第三句Going back to the last ice age means drilling down into lake sediment (沉积物), which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery.可知，钻到湖泊沉积物需要专门的设备和重型机械。C选项错在light。故选B。
7．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。这是一篇科普文章，通常写作目的是提供信息。A选项是吸引更多人对二氧化碳的注意，和文章无关；B选项是号召人们保护雨林，此文不是强调保护雨林；D选项是警告人们远离雨林的危险，文章没有讲到雨林的危险。故选C。
8．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。根据第一段后两句But if you had been there around 15，000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests might have reacted to the cold, dry climate of the ice ages, but till now, no one has reached a satisfying answer.可知，人们对于雨林怎样应对气候变化一直没有满意的答案，二、三段讲述的是科学家进行该研究的价值和具体实践及遇到的困难，所有这些都是为了揭开原因，所以标题为“雨林的神秘”是最恰当的。B、C、D选项都仅仅是文章提到的部分信息。故选A。
Ⅵ.完形填空
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在一场足球比赛中，虽然患有先天智力障碍的Mikey并没有踢对球门，但是他却让所有的人都赢了。队友们愿意接受他，这是对一个人的理解和尊重。
1．答案与解析：A　比分是2比1，“我”儿子所在的队领先。lead 领先；front 前面(位置)；end 结束，后面；advance 预先。
2．答案与解析：C　父母们都围在场地周围，不时地加油助威。encouragement 鼓励，鼓舞；favor 帮助；assistance 援助；satisfaction 满意。
3．答案与解析：B　离比赛结束不到十秒时，球滚到了儿子的队友——Mikey O'Donnel的面前。roll 滚动；stop 停止；arrive 到达；pull 拖拽。
4．答案与解析：D　“射门”的呼喊声传遍了全场。shout 喊叫声；order 顺序；wish 希望；thought 想法。
5．答案与解析：B　Mikey进了球，于是周围的人们沸腾起来。erupt 沸腾；disappoint 失望；terrify 恐惧；charm 吸引。
6．答案与解析：C　Mikey确实射中了，但射错了球门，以平局结束了比赛。wrong 错误的；successful 成功的；different 不同的；standard标准的。
7．答案与解析：D　对所有进球的队员，Mikey都会以欢快的拥抱表示祝贺。celebrate 庆祝；complete 完成；consider 考虑；support 支持。
8．答案与解析：C　对手进球时他甚至拥抱过对方队员。opposing players 对手。exciting 令人兴奋的；experienced 有经验的；relaxed 放松的。
9．答案与解析：B　最后，沉默被打破了。silence 沉默；record 记录；surprise 惊讶；anger 生气。
10．答案与解析：C　Mikey进了球，感到很高兴。joy 高兴；shame 羞愧；sadness 悲伤；tear 眼泪。
11．答案与解析：A　Mikey满脸欢喜，抓住“我”儿子，拥抱着他，高声叫道：“我进球了！我进球了！大家都赢了！大家都赢了！”yell 大叫；announce 宣布；prove 证明；promise 承诺。
12．答案与解析：D　“我”不知道儿子会作何反应。react 反应；decide 决定；shock 震惊；regret 遗憾。
13．答案与解析：A　“我”看到儿子举起手，用传统的方式与Mikey击掌庆贺。put one's hand up举起某人的手。根据常识可知应该是把手举起来击掌庆贺。
14．答案与解析：D　转瞬之间，双方队员都朝Mikey围过去。surround 围；defeat 打败；recognise 认清；search 搜寻。
15．答案与解析：D　队员们开始欢唱，祝贺他进了球。congratulate 祝贺；punish 惩罚；blame 责备；criticize 批评。
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