北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册课时作业(十五) UNIT 3 Section E Writing Workshop（含答案与解析）

课时作业(十五)　UNIT 3　Section E　Writing Workshop, Viewing Workshop & Reading Clubs 1～2
(分值：61.5分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．Scientists have found that there are mountains and ________ (山谷) on the moon.
2．He defeated all his ________ (对手) in this election and became the new president.
3．In addition, they also ________ (雕，刻) words or figures on the wooden chairs.
4．The i________ was founded in 1997, and has made remarkable achievements since then.
5．We are conducting a survey of consumers' attitudes towards o________ food now.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分)
1．The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to check our ________ (claim), and to judge our actions.
2．These bags are generally recyclable, but ________ (billion) of them are thrown away every year.
3．Today the remains of ancient Rome have become a ________ (scene) spot to tourists from all over the world.
4．________ (cruel) to animals should be severely punished.
5．The job involves me ________ (travel) all over the country.
6．From 2004 to 2013, ________ (agriculture) land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.
Ⅲ.选词填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
for instance, to sum up, apart from, suffer from, as a result of
1．____________ a few grammatical mistakes, your composition is well written.
2．Millions will face starvation next year ____________ the drought.
3．Many people ____________ mental illness at some point in their lives.
4．Well, ____________， what is the message that you are trying to get across
5．There are a number of improvements; ____________， both mouse buttons can now be used.
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
1．我想要感谢史密斯教授，如果没有他的帮助，我不会取得这么大的进步。
I wish to thank Professor Smith, __________________________ I would never have made so great progress.(读后续写—人物描写)
2．无论我们遇到什么困难，他都会毫不犹豫地来帮助我们。
____________________________， he doesn't hesitate to come to our aid.
3．虽然有雾，但是飞机照常起飞了。(一句多译)
①The plane took off as usual __________________________. (despite)
②____________________________， the plane took off as usual. (although)
4．This university that was founded in 1900 is one of the most famous universities in the world.(句型转换)
→__________________________________， this university is one of the most famous universities in the world.
Ⅴ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Blood Falls are at the tip of a giant glacier in Antarctica. As its name suggests, the icy face of Blood Falls is red—but not from blood. Instead, the water gets its color because it's rich in iron. When the water comes out from its underground beginnings, the iron is exposed to the air and quickly forms the red rust.
A scientist recently studied the rusty water and came up with some surprising results. The water that feeds Blood Falls probably comes from a salty underground lake. It's home to microbes that surprisingly don't need oxygen to survive.
“This salty lake is a sort of time capsule，” said Jill Mikucki, who led the study. When she and her team studied the water, they found no oxygen but lots of iron. They suspected that the underwater lake formed when a giant glacier, now 1，300 feet thick, moved over the salty lake at least 1.5 million years ago. This trapped the water and everything in it in an oxygen-free environment.
Unlike human beings and most other forms of life, the microbes from Blood Falls don't need oxygen to live. Instead, they are able to exist using the iron.
The study gives us more information about our own planet. It may be useful in other scientific areas—like the search for life on other planets. If scientists find living things on the Earth that live on iron instead of oxygen, researchers might have a better idea of where to look for life elsewhere.
1．For what do Blood Falls get the name？(　　)
A．They are rich in oxygen.
B．They reflect their red surroundings.
C．Their water rich in iron is red.
D．They are composed of blood.
2．What probably made Jill Mikucki most surprised？(　　)
A．The discovery of a salty underground lake.
B．Microbes that don't need oxygen to survive.
C．The movement of a giant glacier.
D．The color of Blood Falls.
3．Why did Jill Mikucki believe this salty lake is a sort of time capsule？(　　)
A．Because it was formed by a giant glacier.
B．Because it could be used to study life on other planets.
C．Because it was home to special microbes.
D．Because it was formed more than 1.5 million years ago.
4．What do the microbes from Blood Falls live on？(　　)
A．Air. B．Water.
C．Iron. D．Oxygen.
B
“You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids' lacrosse (长曲棍球) club.
I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug_at_the_heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren't even on...At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I'll do it.”
I'm secretly relieved because I know there's real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.
Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more：Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.
In that sense, I'm pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I'd freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies
5．What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1？(　　)
A．She knows little about the club.
B．She isn't good at sports.
C．She just doesn't want to volunteer.
D．She's unable to meet her schedule.
6．What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean？(　　)
A．Encourage teamwork.
B．Appeal to feelings.
C．Promote good deeds.
D．Provide advice.
7．What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3？(　　)
A．She gets interested in lacrosse.
B．She is proud of her kids.
C．She'll work for another season.
D．She becomes a good helper.
8．Why does the author like doing volunteer work？(　　)
A．It gives her a sense of duty.
B．It makes her very happy.
C．It enables her to work hard.
D．It brings her material rewards.
Ⅵ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Sleeping in class prevents you from paying attention to the teacher as well as stops you from learning about the material that is being taught. 1(____) It is important to determine why you are falling asleep in class and try to change the situation so that you are able to stay awake and pass all of your classes. There are a number of different tricks you can use to try to stay awake.
Get a full night's sleep on school nights. It is reported that teenagers may need more sleep than adults. 2(____) This is a key part to staying awake in class. If you are not tired, you are unlikely to fall asleep.
Eat a healthy breakfast full of nutritious food. 3(____) If you get hungry or tired in the middle of the day, try eating a healthy snack like a piece of fruit or some biscuits.
4(____) If you are actively engaged in the information the teacher is presenting, you are less likely to doze off. Taking notes, asking questions and otherwise getting involved in classroom activities and discussions will make you far less likely to doze off.
Contact your doctor in order to rule out medical conditions that can cause you to fall asleep. 5(____) Prescription drugs may also cause sleepiness as a side effect, so discuss any medicine you are taking with your doctor.
A．Get involved during class.
B．Early to bed, early to rise.
C．Sleeping more helps a lot in your study.
D．It can also get you in trouble with your teachers.
E．It can provide you with enough protein to fuel your body.
F．Go to bed earlier and make sure you get as many hours of sleep as your body needs.
G．If you have a medical condition that is causing you to fall asleep in class, it will need to be treated by a professional.
课时作业(十五)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．valleys　2.opponents　3.carve　4.institute　5.organic
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．claims　2.billions　3.scenic　4.Cruelty
5．traveling/travelling　6.agricultural
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．Apart from　2.as a result of　3.suffer from　4.to sum up
5．for instance
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换
1．without whose help
2．Whatever difficulties we come across
3．①despite the fog　②Although it was foggy
4．Founded in 1900
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家在南极洲发现了神奇的、富含铁元素的“血瀑布”，此次发现提供给我们许多有关地球的信息，这对地球生命的研究也许具有划时代的意义。
1．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。由第一段中的Instead, the water gets its color because it's rich in iron. When the water comes out from its underground beginnings, the iron is exposed to the air and quickly forms the red rust.可以判断，“血瀑布”之所以有此名是因为水里富含铁元素，而铁暴露在空气中，很快就会形成红色的铁锈。
2．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。由第二段中的．..surprisingly don't need oxygen to survive.并结合第三段可知，这些微生物不需要氧气就能生存，这一点令她感到惊奇。
3．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由第三段中的They suspected that the underwater lake formed when a giant glacier, now 1，300 feet thick, moved over the salty lake at least 1.5 million years ago.可以得出正确选项。
4．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由第四段中的Instead, they are able to exist using the iron.可知这些微生物依靠铁元素生存。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章记述了作者请一位家长做志愿者的故事。文章侧重社会服务和人际沟通素养的培养。
5．答案与解析：C　推理判断题。本题题干意为：从第一段那位家长的回答中我们可以推断出关于她的什么？文章中，那位家长的回答是“你可以把我作为最后一个选择，如果没有其他人愿意当志愿者，那么我就做”。根据其回答可以知道，她其实是不太愿意做志愿者的，故C项正确。
6．答案与解析：B　词义猜测题。本题题干意为：第二段中的画线短语“tug at the heartstrings”的意思是什么？根据上下文可知，此处表示“我”又试了一次，这回开始打感情牌。画线短语意为“触动心弦”，故B项正确。A：鼓励团队合作；C：促进良好行为；D：提供建议。
7．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。本题题干意为：从第三段中，我们能够得知那位家长的什么情况？在文章的第三段，作者记述了那位家长在活动中所做的事情，即安排饮食计划、发送邮件、募集资金等，她成了团队中一个重要的成员。因此D项(她成了一个好助手)正确。
8．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。本题题干意为：为什么作者喜欢做志愿工作？根据文章倒数第二段中的“Connecting to the community...provides a real joy”以及“Volunteering just feels so good.”可知，作者认为，做志愿工作能让她开心。故B项正确。A：这给予她一种责任感；C：这让她能努力工作；D：这给她带来了物质上的回报。
Ⅵ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。课堂上睡觉会妨碍你听讲。弄清楚你课上睡觉的原因并改变这种状况对你的学习非常重要。文章就“如何应对上课睡觉以保持头脑清醒”提供了几种有效的方法。
1．答案与解析：D　本空前一句介绍了上课睡觉的害处。根据D选项中的also可以判断，此选项也在讲上课睡觉的影响，故D选项符合前后逻辑，内容上也相关，故选D。
2．答案与解析：F　该空所在段落主题句为第一句话，即“上学时的晚上要得到充足的睡眠”，故F项与本段主题相符。
3．答案与解析：E　由本段主题Eat a healthy breakfast full of nutritious food.可以判断，该空所表达意思与饮食营养有关，故选E项。
4．答案与解析：A　根据文章特点可以判断此空为祈使句，并且是本段主题句。再根据本段内容可以判断应选A，即“积极参与课堂”。
5．答案与解析：G　根据本段语境为药物导致睡眠可以判断G项为最佳选项。
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