北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册课时作业(五) UNIT 1 Section E Writing Workshop（含答案与解析）

课时作业(五)　UNIT 1　Section E　Writing Workshop, Viewing Workshop & Reading Clubs 1～2
(分值：65.5分)
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．Children are likely to seek their peers' ________ (赞许).
2．We have a lot of ________ (话题) to choose from to give a presentation.
3．What's your ________ (动力) for being a volunteer
4．There are many ________ (选手) in this speech competition.
5．Technical i________ plays an important role in increasing production.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分)
1．Every person should follow some ________ (principle).
2．Who is responsible ________ the operation of such vehicles is not clear.
3．I want to know whether you would be willing ________ (come) with me.
4．People ________ are interested in the Dragon Boat Festival can engage in the competition.
5．Our school ________ (organise) an activity to plant trees last week.
6．When she arrived, the students ________ (send) all the invitation letters.
7．I ________ (sincere) believe that it is the right decision to learn English.
8．We should work together ________ (defend) ourselves against bullies.
Ⅲ.选词填空(共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分)
on behalf of, take up, note down, belong to, in contrast to, take place
1．____________ the old people, young children are more energetic.
2．All the athletes feel they ____________ our country.
3．We don't want to ____________ much of the teachers' time.
4．The final competition will ____________ at the lecture hall in our school.
5．____________ all my classmates, I'd like to express our thanks to you.
6．I'm looking for a piece of paper on which to ____________ the name of a book.
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
1．我们必须在周五之前就邀请谁来参加会议作出决定。(decision)
We must ____________________________ who is to be invited to the meeting by Friday.
2．迄今为止，我们已经学会了3 000个单词。
__________________________， ________________________ 3，000 words.
3．得知你对中国文化很感兴趣，我写信邀请你参加龙舟训练营。(invite)
Learning that you are interested in Chinese culture, I am writing to _____________________ part in the Dragon Boat Training Camp.
4．Once I heard the word I became very frightened.(句型转换)→____________________ I heard the word I became very frightened.
Ⅴ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
There is no denying that everyone has felt worried or upset before a contest or sports game. A study in 2000 found that “high levels of anxiety during competitions is harmful, worsening the performance and even leading to dropping out”. An example of this is John Daly, an American golf player who was once one of the best of his time. The great amount of pressure placed on him to win made him extremely anxious. His anxiety reached such a high level that he was unable to complete a tournament and walked off the course in the middle of the round. Over the course of his career, he quit from 49 professional matches due to the anxiety he experienced.
In fact, anxiety can have a number of negative effects and changes to the body, mind and behavior. Anxiety causes your body to tense up and increases blood pressure. When this happens, it becomes more difficult for your body to move fluently and efficiently, meaning actions and movements become unnatural. The terror you experience as a result of anxiety is so overwhelming that it may even lead to body paralysis (瘫痪). An example of this is stage fright, which may be experienced right before a public competition. When feeling overwhelming fear, the athlete may be unable to move, talk or act at all.
Anxiety has a negative effect on not only athletes, but also students and young people, particularly when it comes to tests and exams. This “test anxiety” occurs in 33% of students and can affect their performance in exams and overall achievements. As time goes on, the age at which children suffer from anxiety is becoming younger.
Anxiety leads to the poor academic performance and low scores. This is because the anxiety becomes so over whelming that you lose the ability to think clearly. It has been proven that students with anxiety score lower on tests than students who do not suffer from anxiety.
Anxiety can also affect students' willingness to engage in class or participate in class discussions. Again, this can have a negative impact on their performance because they are unable to communicate with the teacher by asking questions. This then leads to confusion and further worry about a task, resulting in additional anxiety. This same worry also applies to peer learning (同伴学习) because this involves sharing ideas with other students. A student with high anxiety is unable to share these ideas, meaning they quit from activities and their learning is limited.
Anxiety reaches such a point that some of the students either refuse to go to school until they are able or drop out completely. In fact, 49% of anxious adults report having left education early and 24% indicate anxiety as the primary reason. After all, how can a person possibly learn something or perform well when their mind and body are in a constant state of terror and worry
1．What is the best title for the passage？(　　)
A．Reasons of Anxiety
B．Students and Anxiety
C．Bad effects of Anxiety
D．Anxiety and Performance
2．The author used John Daly's example to show that ________．(　　)
A．he is a terrible golf player in every way
B．even a little pressure can be a bad thing
C．the willingness to win can cause anxiety
D．too much anxiety is harmful in competitions
3．What can you learn from the passage？(　　)
A．The elders rarely suffer from anxiety.
B．Body paralysis is often caused by anxiety.
C．Students with anxiety tend to ask questions less.
D．49% of adults left education mainly because of anxiety.
4．According to the passage, what may happen to a person if one suffers from anxiety？(　　)
A．One's actions become steady.
B．One tends to cry and walk away.
C．One gets higher grades in exams.
D．One feels unable to move or talk.
B
Vijay Gupta is known to classical music lovers across the United States. He serves as the first violinist for the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In that job, he often plays to large crowds, including many very rich people. When he is not performing, he organizes concerts for homeless people. “They have reminded me why I became a musician.” he said.
Last week, Gupta was recognized for being a founder and the artistic director of Street Symphony. The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years. Gupta is among the 25 winners of the 2018 MacArthur Fellowship, commonly known as the “Genius Grant”. Each winner will receive $625，000 over five years to use as they wish. The money is coming from a private group, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. It awards grants (补助金) to people whose work it considers exceptional and whose work “inspires hope in us all”. Gupta said he got the idea for Street Symphony while teaching Nathaniel Ayers, a trained musician whose mental illness led to his homelessness.
The 31-year-old winner said he did not know yet how he would spend the money. He has been a performer since the age of seven and the award will give him “space to breathe, plan and look ahead”．
Another winner is Rebecca Sandefur, an associate professor (副教授) of sociology and law in the University of Illinois. The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U．S. justice system.
47-year-old Sandefur created the first national mapping of civil legal aid providers. It shows which states had the financial (金融的) resources to provide such aid and which did not. She also found that the cost of legal services was only one of the things preventing poor people from getting lawyers. Among the others were fears of unfairness (不公平) in the legal system. Sandefur noted that a lot of attention had been paid to problems with the criminal justice system, but more attention must be paid to the civil side of the law, which also affected millions of people.
5．Why does Gupta win the award？(　　)
A．For his achievements in classical music.
B．For performing for large crowds.
C．For organizing a group playing for the homeless.
D．For the companionship with Nathaniel Ayers.
6．What do we know about MacArthur Fellowship？(　　)
A．It is founded by the government.
B．It offers $ 625，000 to 25 winners in 2018.
C．It allows the winners to use the money freely.
D．It awards people who make great contributions to society.
7．What was the extraordinary thing that Sandefur did？(　　)
A．She made it easier to get legal help for the poor.
B．She made the legal system fairer.
C．She paid more attention to the criminal justice system.
D．She offered legal aid to the poor freely.
8．Which can be the best title for the passage？(　　)
A．Grants Winners, Inspiring the Poor
B．The City Homeless, in Need of Help
C．Vijay Gupta, an Extraordinary Violinist
D．MacArthur Foundation, Awarding Exceptional Work
Ⅵ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Research suggests that at least 64% of people now spend up to four hours daily of spare time in front of a screen. Just as TV watching has been linked to higher chances of being fat and getting diseases, this extra sedentary (久坐不动的) time is bad news for our health. 1(____).
1．Choose outdoor activities over technology
When you're at home, make it a rule that you can't be online if the sun is shining. 2(____). Then, after taking these healthy physical activities, you can take out your phone or laptop, or take a seat at the computer. This rule should be fit for everyone in your family.
2．Limit social media use
According to some experts, the effect of technology on human relationships is worrying as technology has become a substitute for face-to-face human relationships. And social networks have changed computer and mobile use for people of all ages. 3(____). Avoid aimless browsing (浏览) and give your time online a purpose: research holidays or catch up on the news of the day. Then log off.
3．4(____)
Challenge yourself to read at least 30 pages of a great book before you check your computer or mobile phone. Pick the right reading material and you'll soon find you've discovered an enjoyable pastime.
4．Create projects for yourself
It's amazing how much you can achieve when you're not glued to (全神贯注地看) a screen. 5(____). Some suggestions are organizing kitchen cupboards and cleaning your bedroom. Then try to do one each evening.
A．Set aside reading time
B．Choose the suitable reading materials
C．Make a list of one-hour evening projects
D．Here are some ways to stop technology addiction
E．Whether it's Facebook or Twitter, limit the time online
F．The following are some ways to make better use of leisure time
G．Instead, you have to go for a walk, ride a bike, or swim at least an hour
课时作业(五)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．approval　2.topics　3.motivation　4.competitors　5.innovation
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．principles　2.for　3.to come　4.who/that　5.organised　6.had sent　7.sincerely　8.to defend
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．In contrast to　2.belong to　3.take up　4.take place
5．On behalf of　6.note down
Ⅳ.完成句子/句型转换
1．come to a decision about　2.So far; we have learnt
3．invite you to take　4.The moment
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了焦虑对身体、思想及行为会产生负面的影响。作者认为焦虑不仅对运动员有负面影响，而且对学生和年轻人也产生负面影响，尤其是对学生的学业成绩及课堂参与度产生负面影响并分析了原因。
1．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。C项为干扰项，以偏概全。文章第3、4、5、6段主要讲解焦虑对学生的影响及原因分析。故选B项。
2．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。第一段是为导入语篇主题做铺垫。作者借用John Daly的例子说明过多的焦虑对运动员比赛有着负面影响，以便引出下文。
3．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。从第五段中Again, this can have a negative impact on their performance because they are unable to communicate with the teacher by asking questions.得知，C项正确。
4．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。从第二段中When this happens, it becomes more difficult for your body to move fluently and efficiently, meaning actions and movements become unnatural.得知A项错误；从第四段It has been proven that students with anxiety score lower on tests than students who do not suffer from anxiety.得知C项错误。B项没有提及。故选D项。
B
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖的获奖者Gupta和Sandefur分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助来激励穷人的故事。
5．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years.可知，Gupta获得该奖是因为他组织的街道交响乐团为流浪者演奏音乐，故C项正确。
6．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Each winner will receive $625，000 over five years to use as they wish.可知，每位获奖者将在五年内获得625 000美元的资金，供其自由支配，故C项正确。
7．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U．S. justice system.可知，美联社称，Sandefur的研究为贫困社区参与美国司法系统提供了新途径，由此可知，Sandefur使穷人获得法律援助变得更容易，故A项正确。
8．答案与解析：A　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国两位麦克阿瑟奖的获奖者Gupta和Sandefur分别通过为流浪者演奏音乐和为穷人争取法律援助来激励穷人的故事，故A项正确。
Ⅵ.七选五
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，现在至少64%的人每天花在屏幕前的空闲时间长达4小时。这种额外的久坐时间对我们的健康是个坏消息。文章就此说明了一些帮助人们戒掉科技瘾的方法。
1．答案与解析：D　文章衔接题。根据前文介绍到额外的久坐时间对我们的健康来说是个坏消息。后文给出了四条建议。D项：Here are some ways to stop technology addiction。后文是停止长时间使用电脑和手机的方法和建议。符合文意，故选D。
2．答案与解析：G　联系下文题。根据后文Then, after taking these healthy physical activities, you can take out your phone or laptop, or take a seat at the computer。可知然后，在进行这些健康的体育活动后，你可以掏出手机或平板电脑，或者坐在电脑前。G项：Instead, you have to go for a walk, ride a bike, or swim at least an hour。相反，你必须去散步，骑自行车，或者至少游泳一小时。符合文意，故选G。
3．答案与解析：E　理解判断题。根据前文And social networks have changed computer and mobile use for people of all ages。可知社交网络改变了所有年龄段的人使用电脑和移动设备的习惯。E项：Whether it's Facebook or Twitter, limit the time online。无论是Facebook还是Twitter，都要限制上网时间。符合文意，故选E。
4．答案与解析：A　段落理解题。根据后文Challenge yourself to read at least 30 pages of a great book before you check your computer or mobile phone。可知在你查看电脑或手机之前，挑战自己至少阅读30页好书。A项：Set aside reading time。留出阅读时间。符合文意，故选A。
5．答案与解析：C　逻辑推理题。根据后文Some suggestions are organizing kitchen cupboards and cleaning your bedroom. Then try to do one each evening。可知一些建议是整理厨房橱柜，打扫卧室，然后每天晚上做一个。C项：Make a list of onehour evening projects。列出一个一小时的晚间活动清单。符合文意，故选C。
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