外研版高中英语必修第三册课时作业(十)Unit 4 Part Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas含答案

课时作业(十)　Unit 4 Part Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
(分值：89分)
层级一　语言知识训练
Ⅰ.单词拼写(每空1分，满分10分)
1．The student ________ (招呼) the biologist whenever they meet each other.
答案：greets
2．We ________ (播送) the scientific news to the local population every morning.
答案：broadcast
3．She pulled me back to the ________ (楼梯), where Alice stood, a small metal box in one hand.
答案：stairs
4．When I entirely started running in my 30s, I realized running was a ________ (战斗) against myself.
答案：battle
5．In addition, the girl ________ (折叠) her dresses and put them away.
答案：folded
6．My mother is an extraordinary ________ (肖像) painter.
答案：portrait
7．He is a brilliant ________ (雕塑家) both at home and abroad.
答案：sculptor
8．The chemist bought a ________ (某物的量) of stuff to do the experiment.
答案：load
9．A significant ________ (展览) on the living and working spaces of Spain's greatest artist has just opened.
答案：exhibition
10．Don't put your ________ (自拍照) in the virtual world.
答案：selfie
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每空1分，满分10分)
1．China's ________ (amaze) performance has entirely affected the world's economic output.
答案：amazing
解析：考查形容词。句意：中国惊人的表现完全地影响了世界经济的产值。performance为名词，需要形容词修饰。
2．That would be virtual because the future only exists in your ________ (imagine).
答案：imagination
解析：考查名词。句意：那会是虚幻的，因为未来只存在于你的想象之中。your为形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词。
3．When the war ended entirely, everyone ________ (celebrate).
答案：celebrated
解析：考查动词。句意：战争彻底结束时，人人欢庆。根据从句时态可知，主句用一般过去时。
4．When the meeting was over, the maps ________ (fold) by the brilliant astronomer.
答案：were folded
解析：考查动词。句意：会议结束后，这些地图被这位才华横溢的天文学家折叠起来。根据从句时态可知，主句用一般过去时。
5．Researchers are using the wearable tech to study not just what ________ (sad) is, but how it makes us behave.
答案：sadness
解析：考查名词。句意：研究者不仅用这种可穿戴技术来研究什么是悲伤，也研究它怎样影响我们的表现。what引导宾语从句，用陈述语序。所填词在从句中作主语，故填sadness。
6．He went to the rescue of an injured child regardless of his ________ (person) safety.
答案：personal
解析：考查形容词。句意：他为了抢救一名受伤儿童，把个人安危置之度外。safety为名词，需要形容词修饰。
7．A good friend is much ________ (cheap) than cure—and ten times as helpful!
答案：cheaper
解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：一个好朋友比治疗便宜得多，并且帮助效果是其十倍！根据than可知，应用cheap的比较级形式。
8．He is bored by history—dates and ________ (battle) and all that stuff.
答案：battles
解析：考查名词复数。句意：他厌烦历史——尽是些年代、战争什么的。and连接两个并列的名词复数形式。
9．When I passed by, he seemed ________ (do) his field research, so I didn't disturb him.
答案：to be doing
解析：考查不定式。句意：当我经过时，他好像正在做实地研究，因此我没有打扰他。seem后常跟不定式作宾语，且根据句意可知，此处表示“好像正在做某事”，故本空应用不定式的进行式。
10．It would take them two years ________ (complete) the experiment.
答案：to complete
解析：考查不定式。句意：他们完成这项实验需要两年。本句中it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。
Ⅲ.短语填空(每空2分，满分16分)
get a load of, make an impression on, be made of, look into, laugh at, but then again, have a mind of one's own, reach out to
1．The little boy ____________ and his perseverance benefits him a lot.
答案：has a mind of his own
2．In ancient times, mirrors ____________ metal rather than of glass.
答案：were made of
3．It was very impolite of you to ____________ the children with disabilities.
答案：laugh at
4．The policemen ____________ the proof of the accident in which 12 people were injured.
答案：are looking into
5．In reality, you really didn't ____________ the boss because you didn't prepare at all.
答案：make an impression on
6．He who lacks the social skills ____________ kids is not an extraordinary teacher.
答案：to reach out to
7．The biologist often spends hours doing experiments in the lab, ____________ so does his assistant.
答案：but then again
8．She ____________ an extraordinary difference in the children on her second visit.
答案：got a load of
Ⅳ.熟词生义(每空2分，满分10分)
根据句子提供的语境及语意选择与句中黑体词相符合的词性和词义。
1．A thick cloud of smoke greeted him, so he rushed out of the house without any delay.
A．vt. to be the first thing that you see or smell at a particular time
B．vt. to say hello to sb. or to welcome sb.
________________
答案：A
2．Make sure you've signed the cheque before sealing the envelope.
A．n. an official design or mark, stamped on a document
B．vt. to close an envelope, etc. by sticking the edges of the opening together
________________
答案：B
3．The three men seemed to have finished loading the truck.
A．vt. to put a large quantity of things into a container
B．n. the total amount of sth. that sth. can carry or contain
________________
答案：A
4．The author's novel is a battle between good and evil, love and hate.
A.n. a fight between armies, ships or planes, especially during a war
B．n. a struggle between people or things
________________
答案：B
5．Have you seen the Picasso exhibition It's amazing!
A．n. a collection of things, for example works of art, that are shown to the public
B．n. the act of showing sth., for example works of art, to the public
________________
答案：A
Ⅴ.完成句子(每空2分，满分8分)
1．我等不及要告诉你我父母刚刚做的声明。他们计划生二胎。这多么令人兴奋啊！(how引导感叹句)
I can't wait to tell you the declaration my parents have just made. They plan to give birth to a second child. ________________________！
答案：How exciting it is
2．你能想象他成为一名非凡的演员吗？(imagine sb. doing结构)
Can you ________________________ an extraordinary actor
答案：imagine him becoming
3．看！鸟儿好像正在小溪里玩得很快乐。(seem to be doing结构)
Look! The birds ________________________________________ in the stream.
答案：seem to be enjoying themselves
4．老师告诉我们做实地研究需要花很多时间。(it takes time to do sth.)
The teacher told us ________________________________________ field research.
答案：it would take a lot of time to do
Ⅵ.课文语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Live from the Louvre
Today we're going to find out about some of the Louvre's most amazing treasures. That huge sculpture you can see is the Winged Victory of Samothrace, or Nike of Samothrace! Her head and arms are missing, but you can imagine her holding her arms up high, 1.________ (celebrate) the result of an ancient battle. I really can't believe she's made 2.________ stone.
The painting Mona Lisa is a lot 3.________ (small) than you would expect, and 4.________ (protect) by glass. When I look into her eyes it seems she has a mind of her own! One moment she seems to be laughing at me, but then again I catch a sense of sadness in her smile. I guess that's 5.________ she attracts so many visitors every day.
Now, it's time 6.________ (get) up close and personal with one of history's greatest artists—Rembrandt! He 7.________ (paint) this selfportrait about 400 years ago. Throughout his life, he made over 90 selfportraits!
About 35，000 works are 8.________ (current) being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and 9.________ would take a lifetime to see everything! I hope you can all visit this fantastic place one day to feel the power of these great 10.________ (work) of art for yourselves.
1．答案：celebrating
解析：考查现在分词。句意：虽然她的头部和手臂已经遗失了，但你们仍然可以想象她正高举双臂，庆祝一场古老战役的胜利。此处在句中作状语，且主语与动词celebrate之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词短语作伴随状语。
2．答案：of
解析：考查介词。句意：我真不敢相信她是石头做的。be made of意为“由……制成”，故本空应用介词of。
3．答案：smaller
解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：《蒙娜丽莎》这幅画比你想象的要小很多，而且用玻璃保护着。根据空后的than可知，本空应用形容词比较级。
4．答案：is protected
解析：考查时态及语态。句意参考上题解析。根据前半句时态可知，本空应用一般现在时，且主语The painting Mona Lisa和动词protect之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。
5．答案：why
解析：考查表语从句。句意：我想那就是她每天吸引这么多游客的原因。本空引导表语从句，根据句意可知，故填why。
6．答案：to get
解析：考查固定句式。句意：现在，是时候靠近历史上最伟大的艺术家之一——伦勃朗了！It's time to do sth.意为“到做某事的时间了”，故本空应用不定式。
7．答案：painted
解析：考查时态。句意：大约400年前他画了这幅自画像。根据about 400 years ago可知，本句应用一般过去时。
8．答案：currently
解析：考查副词。句意：卢浮宫共有300多个房间，目前正在展出的艺术品大约是35 000件，而要看完所有的展品大概需要一辈子！本空修饰动词displayed，故应用副词currently(目前)。
9．答案：it
解析：考查it作形式主语。句意参考上题解析。句中不定式短语to see everything作真正的主语，故本空应用it作形式主语。
10．答案：works
解析：考查名词复数。句意：我希望有朝一日你们都能参观这个神奇的地方，亲自感受一下这些伟大的作品的力量。句中work为可数名词，意为“作品”。根据空前的these可知，应用其复数形式。
层级二　语言能力训练
阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Sylvester Stallone had been a struggling actor before he achieved his great success as an actor and screenwriter, starting in 1976 with his role as boxer Rocky Balboa, in the first film of the successful Rocky series.
Stallone was so poor at one point that he sold his wife's jewellery (珠宝). He ended up becoming homeless, sleeping in a bus station, and struggled to afford food. He even managed to get a small amount of money in his pocket by selling his dog for $25.
Soon after, Stallone decided to take his career into his own hands and write a movie role for himself. After watching a boxing match, Stallone wrote the script (脚本) for Rocky very quickly, and soon a studio wanted to buy the screenplay to make.
Stallone was offered $125，000 for the Rocky script, but the trouble for the studio was that Stallone wanted to star in the movie. Stallone was penniless, but he still turned down $125，000 in order to chase his dream.
After being refused on the idea that he “looked and talked funny”， Stallone was then offered $250，000 for the screenplay. He refused unless he could star. He was then offered $350，000. Again he refused.
The studio wanted this screenplay so badly, but was not willing to risk the money on this unknown actor. Stallone stayed strong, and eventually the studio gave him a small amount for the script and let him star.
With his fortunes up, Stallone went to buy back his dog, but the guy he sold it to would not sell him back. Stallone offered the man $1，000 for the dog, but the man refused. Eventually, the man accepted $15，000 for the dog.
And this is why Stallone has deserved his success and why he is on this list of the best inspiring stories—because he was willing to do whatever it takes to get his dream.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Stallone的成功之路。
1．What do we know about Stallone from paragraph 2？(　　)
A．He lived a very hard life.
B．He didn't want to work hard.
C．He made a living by selling dogs.
D．He didn't get on well with his wife.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句“Stallone was so poor at one point that he sold his wife's jewellery. He ended up becoming homeless, sleeping in a bus station, and struggled to afford food.”可推知， Stallone过着非常艰难的生活。故选A项。
2．Why did the studio refuse to offer the role to Stallone at first？(　　)
A．He wasn't a responsible actor.
B．He asked too much for his script.
C．They had already found a famous star.
D．They thought he wasn't the right person.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“After being refused on the idea that he ‘looked and talked funny’， Stallone was then offered $250，000 for the screenplay.”可知，工作室一开始拒绝让Stallone出演这个角色是因为他们认为他不是合适的人选。故选D项。
3．Which of the following best describes Stallone？(　　)
A．Humorous. B．Honest.
C．Determined. D．Creative.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“And this is why Stallone has deserved his success and why he is on this list of the best inspiring stories—because he was willing to do whatever it takes to get his dream.”，可推知，Stallone是一个非常有决心、意志坚定的人。故选C项。
4．What's the best title for the text？(　　)
A．Stallone's Rocky Series
B．Stallone's Wellwritten Script
C．Stallone's Road to Success
D．Stallone's Journey to Fortunes
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段“And this is why Stallone has deserved his success and why he is on this list of the best inspiring stories—because he was willing to do whatever it takes to get his dream.”以及全文可知，文章主要讲述了Stallone的成功之路。由此可知，C项“Stallone's Road to Success”适合作文章标题。故选C项。
B
For years, David James, who studies insects at Washington State University, had wanted to look at the migration patterns of monarch butterflies. The route the butterflies travel has been hardly known because the populations are too small to follow. For every 200 monarchs tagged by a researcher, only one is usually recovered at the end of its trip, James says, and finding even 200 monarchs in the wild is unlikely. Knowing the route is important to conservation efforts, but James had no way to figure it out—until he got a phone call from Washington State Penitentiary in Walla Walla.
The prison (监狱) was looking for new activities to improve the mental health of those serving longterm sentences. So James began working with prisoners to raise monarchs through the whole process of their transformation (变化). The adult insects were then tagged and released (放出) from the prison. Over five years, several thousand monarchs flew from the prison. Elsewhere in Washington, Oregon and Idaho, researchers released another few thousand butterflies.
The tags included email addresses, and soon after the first butterflies flew away, James started receiving messages from people who had spotted them. The butterflies, the reports stated, wintered in coastal California. Twelve of them landed at Lighthouse Field State Beach in Santa Cruz. Several more headed to Bolinas and Morro Bay.
The work helps researchers discover ideal places to plant milkweed (a kind of plant) and other plants that are important to the life cycle of monarch butterflies. It also brought out the gentler side of some of the prisoners. “They were very worried that they may harm these butterflies，” James says. Watching the monarchs change their form also touched the men. “These butterflies changed，” James recalls prisoners telling him, “and maybe we can too.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了戴维·詹姆斯在华盛顿州立监狱的囚犯的帮助下研究黑脉金斑蝶的迁徙情况，这项工作有助于确定种植马利筋和其他植物的理想地点，也激发了一些囚犯内心较为温情的一面。
5．What was hard for James to do in his study？(　　)
A．Raising money for research.
B．Hiring experienced workers.
C．Building a new laboratory.
D．Finding enough monarchs.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，黑脉金斑蝶的飞行路线几乎不为人知，因为它们的数量太少，无法追踪。每200只被研究人员标记的黑脉金斑蝶，通常只有一只在旅行结束时被找到，而在野外找到200只黑脉金斑蝶不大可能。由此可知，对于James来说，研究中困难的是找到足够的黑脉金斑蝶。
6．Why are the butterflies tagged before being released？(　　)
A．To ensure their safety.
B．To track their travel routes.
C．To tell them from other species.
D．To enable them to fly longer distances.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，这些标签包括电子邮件地址，在第一批蝴蝶飞走后不久，James就开始收到发现它们的人发来的信息。通过这些信息，James知道了蝴蝶的几处落脚点。由此可推断，在释放蝴蝶之前给它们贴上标签是为了追踪它们的迁徙路径。
7．What makes the prisoners feel that they can change？(　　)
A．The patience the butterflies showed.
B．The transformation of the butterflies.
C．The hardship the butterflies experienced.
D．James' devotion to the butterflies.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，蝴蝶的改变触动了这些囚犯，他们觉得蝴蝶能够变化，他们也可以改变，因此可知是蝴蝶的变化让囚犯感觉自己也可以改变。故B项正确。
8．What is the last paragraph mainly about？(　　)
A．The impact of the research.
B．The findings of James' study.
C．The release of the prisoners.
D．The life cycle of the butterflies.
答案：A
解析：段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句可知，这项工作帮助研究人员发现了理想的种植马利筋和其他植物的地方，这些植物对黑脉金斑蝶的生命周期很重要。这项工作也使一些囚犯展现出温情的一面。因此本段主要讲述了这项研究工作的影响。
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