外研版高中英语必修第三册Unit 1 Knowing me, knowing you Part Ⅱ Using language学案

Part Ⅱ　Using language
Ⅰ.高频词汇及变形
1．________ v.使恼怒；使烦恼→________ adj.恼怒的，烦恼的→annoying adj.使人烦恼的，使人讨厌的
2．________ v．适应，(使)习惯→adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的→adjustment n．调整，调节
3．________ n．意外事件，偶然因素→accidental adj.意外的，偶然的→accidentally adv.意外地，偶然地
4．________ adj.一定的；肯定的→surely adv.一定，必定→________ v．确保，保证
5．________ adj.复杂的→________ n．复杂性，错综复杂
6．________ v．批评，指责→criticism n．批评；批判，评论
7．________ v．使窘迫；使尴尬→embarrassed adj.尴尬的→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的，令人难堪的→________ n．尴尬，难为情
Ⅱ.熟记重要短语
①tell the truth 说实话
②take the lead 带头
③have a hard time doing sth. 做某事有困难
④look down on 看不起
⑤be separated from 与……分开
⑥play a role 起作用
⑦settle down 安顿下来
⑧look on the bright side 看到光明的一面
1)annoyed adj.恼怒的；烦恼的)
(读后续写之情感描写)She was annoyed with me because I was late.她因为我迟到而生我的气。
I was annoyed with him because he kept interrupting.
我对他烦透了，因为他不停地打断我的话。
I bet she was annoyed at having to write it out again.
我敢说她对不得不把它重写一遍感到恼火。
[考点归纳]
(1)be/get annoyed with sb. 生某人的气
be annoyed at/about sth. 对某事恼火
be annoyed to do sth. 因做某事而恼火
(2)annoy vt. 使恼怒；使生气
annoying adj. 令人讨厌的；恼人的
(3)annoyance n. 恼怒；生气
(much) to one's annoyance＝to one's (great) annoyance令某人(极为)恼怒的是
[巧学助记]　I was annoyed at those annoying things because my mind was full of annoyances and those things were annoying me all the time.我因那些令人烦恼的事而生气，因为我的脑子里都是烦恼之事，那些事情一直在困扰着我。
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句式升级
①Much to my ________ (annoy), he didn't concentrate his attention on English class.
②What is really ________ (annoy) is that we made the same mistake this time.
③I was annoyed ________ (find) that my teammate hadn't pulled his weight.
④Because he was annoyed at his colleagues' attitude to him, he would not help them out when their life was in a mess.(用非谓语动词改写)
→_______________________，he would not help them out when their life was in a mess.
2)adjust v．适应；(使)习惯；调节；整理(穿戴物))
(教材原句)When Riley moves to a new city, she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings.
当Riley搬到一个新的城市时，她很难适应新的环境。
(读后续写之动作描写)She adjusted her skirt, took a deep breath, and walked into the room.
她整理了一下裙子，深吸一口气，走进了房间。
It was the culture that made it hard for him to adjust to the new surroundings in America.
正是这些文化使他很难适应美国的新环境。
She made a few minor adjustments to the machine.
她对这台机器作了一些小小的调整。
[考点归纳]
(1)adjust...to... 调整……以适应/适合……
adjust to (doing) sth. 适应/习惯(做)某事
adjust oneself to... 使自己适应……
(2)adjustment n. 调整；适应
make adjustment(s) to 对……作出调整
(3)adjustable adj. 可调节的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①He is amazed to find that the height of the chair is ________ (adjust).
②As far as I'm concerned, you have to help him adjust ________ the new school life as soon as possible.
③What made her annoyed was that her son refused to make adjustments ________ his plan.
④Kids need help to adjust to ______ (have) a new baby in the house.
⑤Rachel hoped that her sister would soon adjust ________ (she) to the university life.
3)forgive v．(forgave; forgiven)原谅，宽恕)
(教材原句)Try to forgive someone when they apologise.
当别人道歉时，尽量原谅他们。
Please forgive me for my being unable to keep you company to the bookstore.
请原谅我不能陪伴你去书店。
In addition, it's best for you to forgive and forget.
此外，你最好还是不计前嫌。
He admitted he had done her wrong and asked for forgiveness.
他承认冤枉了她，并请求原谅。
[考点归纳]
(1)forgive sb. for (doing sth.) 原谅某人(做)某事
forgive sb. sth. 原谅某人某事
(2)forgiveness n. 原谅
ask/beg for forgiveness 请求原谅
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/同义句转换
①I don't think I'll ever forgive David ________ the way he treats me.
②________ (forgive) by the whole class for what he did, Tony finally cheered up.
③Later, in the hospital, Henderson saw his friend. He apologised and asked for ________ (forgive).
④Excuse me for having taken up so much of your time and accept my best wishes for your health and happiness.
→________________ having taken up so much of your time and accept my best wishes for your health and happiness.
4)embarrassment n．尴尬，难为情)
(教材原句)It's not a good idea to criticise someone in front of others. This can cause embarrassment.
当着别人的面批评人是不对的。这会引起尴尬。
(读后续写之人物描写)Criticised by her teacher, she blushed with embarrassment.被老师批评后，她尴尬得脸红了。
Much to her embarrassment, she realised that everybody had been listening to her singing.
她意识到大家一直在听她唱歌，感到很不好意思。
It embarrassed her to meet strange men in the corridor at night.
夜里在走廊上遇见陌生男人使她感到很不好意思。
He was embarrassed to admit making a mistake.
他尴尬地承认犯了个错。
[考点归纳]
(1)to one's embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是
(2)embarrass vt. 使尴尬，使困窘，使局促不安
(3)embarrassed adj. 尴尬的
be embarrassed about/at 对……感到尴尬
be embarrassed to do sth. 做某事感到尴尬
(4)embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的，令人难堪的
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/句式升级
①The young man was embarrassed ________ (admit) not pulling his weight.
②Ken gave me an ________ (embarrass) smile when I asked where he'd been.
③It was so ________ (embarrass) having to sing in public.
④What embarrassed her was that she let off steam in the presence of the guests.
→She let off steam in the presence of the guests, which _________________. (embarrassed)
→_____________________， she let off steam in the presence of the guests. (embarrassment)
5)by accident 偶然，意外地)
(教材原句)Sadness wants to do her duty but by accident causes the loss of Riley's happy core memories with Joy.
Sadness想履行自己的职责，却意外地导致Riley失去了和Joy快乐的核心记忆。
(读后续写之主旨升华)Just remember that success in your life doesn't happen by accident/by chance; it's actually the result of your hard work.
切记你人生中的成功不是偶然发生，它实际上是你努力的结果。
[考点归纳]
by accident＝by chance 偶然地，意外地
by design＝on purpose 故意地；蓄意地
by mistake 错误地
by nature 天生地
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/同义句转换
①She heard about the job ________ chance from someone she met at the party.
②If you joke with him, he'll think you're looking down on him ________ purpose/________ design.
③I picked up a few words of Greek when I was there last year.
→I learned a few words of Greek ________________ when I was there last year.
过去分词作状语( ed as adverbial)
自主探索
观察以下教材原句并思考黑体部分的功能。
1．Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend.
2．Treated this way, you're sure to feel hurt.
3．Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired.
4．Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind.
[归纳填空]　①作状语的过去分词和句子的主语之间一般为________关系。
②过去分词短语作原因状语的是句________。
③过去分词短语作条4EF6状语的是句________。
④过去分词短语作时间状语的是句________。
精要点拨
一、过去分词作状语的功能
过去分词作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作往往发生于谓语动词所表示的动作之前，或表示一种状态，与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或存在。其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，过去分词与主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
Written in a hurry, the article concerning artificial intelligence was not good.
因为写得匆忙，这篇有关人工智能的文章不好。
二、过去分词作状语的类型
过去分词作状语时，可表示原因、条件、让步、时间、方式或伴随情况。过去分词作方式状语或伴随状语时可以变为并列分句，作其他状语时可以变为相应的状语从句。
状语 类型 例句
原因 状语 Encouraged by his teacher, the naughty boy began to concentrate on class. →As the naughty boy was encouraged by his teacher, he began to concentrate on class. 由于老师的鼓舞，这个淘气的男孩开始集中精力听课了。
条件 状语 Given more time, we could help the injured man out. →If we were given more time, we could help the injured man out. 如果多给我们点时间，我们会帮这个伤员摆脱困境。
让步 状语 Wounded seriously, the brave soldier didn't let out screams of pain. →Although he was wounded seriously, the brave soldier didn't let out screams of pain. 尽管受伤严重，那位勇敢的战士也未发出痛苦的叫声。
时间 状语 Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. →After they were discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. 多次讨论之后，这些问题终于被解决了。
方式 状语 The old man walked into the room, supported by his son. →The old man walked into the room and he was supported by his son. 这位老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
伴随 状语 Mrs Wu rushed in breathlessly, followed by her daughter. →Mrs Wu rushed in breathlessly and she was followed by her daughter. 吴太太上气不接下气地冲了进来，她的女儿紧跟其后。
三、过去分词作状语时的位置
过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。
Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly. (原因状语)
得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。
Surrounded by his students, the teacher went into the lab. (方式状语)
这位老师被他的学生们围绕着走进了实验室。
四、过去分词作状语的注意事项
1．过去分词作状语时，前面可带有连词，如when、 while、 if、 though、 as if、 unless等，构成“连词＋过去分词”结构，以使句意表达得更清楚。
Unless constantly reminded, the teenagers easily let off steam online.
除非不断被提醒，否则这些青少年很容易在网上发泄情绪。
When asked why she came here, the girl held her breath and kept silent.
当被问到她为何来这儿时，那个女孩屏住呼吸，沉默不语。
He let out a cry as if bitten by a snake.
他大叫起来，好像被蛇咬了。
2．过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，否则需加上自己的主语，这就构成独立主格结构。
The signal given, the bus started at once.
信号一发出，公共汽车就立刻开动了。(The signal given为独立主格结构， given的逻辑主语是The signal)
3．有些形容词化的过去分词，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有： seated、 hidden、 lost/absorbed in、 dressed in、 concerned about等。
Concerned about his son's safety, he couldn't fall asleep.由于担心儿子的安全，他难以入眠。
五、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
形式 与主语的关系 含义
过去分词 动宾关系 被动
现在分词 主谓关系 主动
Seeing from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden.
从山上看，你会发现这座城市看起来像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语you之间是逻辑上的主谓关系)
Seen from the hill, the city looks like a big garden.
从山上看，这座城市看起来像一个大花园。(see与句子的主语the city之间是逻辑上的动宾关系)
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We ________(批评) you because we wanted to help you, not in order to find fault with you.
2．Although it was an ________ (意外事件), we ensured that similar incidents did not happen again.
3．The player couldn't ________ (适应) to the training because of its complexity, so he gave up.
4．The head teacher criticized Richard, which made him very ________ (烦恼).
5．To my embarrassment, my parents have never ________ (原谅) me for my fault.
6．I feel it my ________ (责任) to pull my weight and help them out.
7．David was good at ________ (拳击) and was chosen as a boxer by accident.
8．He recognized his fault and ________ (确保) that he would never make the same mistake again.
9．________ (尴尬) is the feeling that you have when you are embarrassed.
10．There are two strategies to resolve that, but they will increase the ________ (复杂性) of the test.
Ⅱ.短语填空
look down on/upon, be prevented from, be annoyed with, adjust to, by accident, settle down, get along with, forgive...for..., criticize...for..., to one's embarrassment
1．You have to ____________ the new environment and get along well with your teammates.
2．____________， she couldn't remember the answer and was criticized by her teacher.
3．Jack was annoyed with Alice because she ____________ him.
4．As soon as they ____________， the travellers sent out a signal telling their parents not to be concerned about them.
5．—How ________ you ________ your boxing training
—Quite well. We are sure to win the match.
6．They __________ by the manager __________ failing to do their duties.
7．If your teacher criticizes you, you shouldn't ____________ him or her.
8．Can some accidents ____________ happening by human beings
9．To my further embarrassment, my girlfriend ____________ me ____________ my fault.
10．This fault occurred ____________. Therefore, we should not criticize him, but forgive him.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．—Shall we put off the match because of the bad weather
—No. Rain or shine, the match will be held as ________ (schedule).
2．________ (design) very cleverly to fit into corners, the shelf doesn't take up much room.
3．The new technology, if ________ (apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.
4．________ (consider) as a building material, wood is not very strong.
5．________ (give) another 10 days, we are sure to complete repairing the machine.
6．________ (fill) with shame, the boy lowered his head, ready for the punishment from his dad.
Ⅳ.用非谓语动词将下列复合句改为简单句
1．When they were asked who had broken the vase, the children all kept silent.
→________________________________， the children all kept silent.
2．If we are united, we will make our life better.
→________， we will make our life better.
3．As he is encouraged by the progress he has made, he works harder.
→________________________ made by him, he works harder.
4．Although we were exhausted by the hard work, we went on with it.
→____________________， we went on with it.
温馨提示：请完成课时作业（二）
Part Ⅱ　Using language
感知教材·必备知识
Ⅰ.高频词汇及变形
1．annoy; annoyed　2.adjust　3.accident　4.sure; ensure　5.complex; complexity　6.criticise　7.embarrass; embarrassment
要点精研·考点突破
1．①annoyance　②annoying　③to find　④Annoyed at his colleagues' attitude to him
2．①adjustable　②to　③to　④having　⑤herself
3．①for　②Forgiven　③forgiveness　④Forgive me for
4．①to admit　②embarrassed　③embarrassing　④made her embarrassed; To her embarrassment
5．①by　②on; by　③by accident
语法精讲·核心突破
[归纳填空]　①被动　②1　③2、3　④4
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．criticized　2.accident　3.adjust　4.annoyed　5.forgiven　6.duty　7.boxing　8.ensured　9.Embarrassment　plexity
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．adjust to　2.To her embarrassment　3.looked down on/upon
4．settled down　5.are；getting along with　6.were criticized; for　7.be annoyed with　8.be prevented from　9.forgave; for　10.by accident
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．scheduled　2.Designed　3.applied　4.Considered
5．Given　6.Filled
Ⅳ.用非谓语动词将下列复合句改为简单句
1．Asked who had broken the vase　2.United　3.Encouraged by the progress　4.Exhausted by the hard work
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