Section B Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．____________ n. 理想；典范
adj. 完美的，理想的
2．____________ adj. 死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的
3．____________ vt. (过去式____________，过去分词__________)经历，经受
4．____________ vt. 拥护，支持，提倡
n. 拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
5．____________ n. 时代，年代
6．____________ n. 区，行政区；地区，区域
7．____________ vi. & vt. (过去式____________，过去分词__________)(使)拐弯，弯曲
n. 拐弯弯道
8．____________ n. 声明，宣称；所有权；索赔
vt. 宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得
9．____________ adv. 因此，由此
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n．小说家→________ n．小说
2．________ n．工业化→________ n．工业；行业→________ adj.工业的
3．________ n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→________ vt.相信；认为→________ adj.难以置信的
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．break with... ________________
2．________________ 重视，强调，把重点放在……
3．________________ 在于
4．________________ 回归自然
5．________________ 一般而言
6．________________ 标志着……的开始
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．在那个年代，许多画家、音乐家、小说家和诗人都以新的不同的方式看待世界。
It was a time ____________ many painters, musicians, novelists and poets looked at the world in new and different ways.
2．但我知道路径延绵无尽头，恐怕我难以再回返。
Yet knowing how way leads on to way, ________________________ I should ever come back.
核心突破·互动探究
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1)break with sth. 与某事终止关联，破除
(1)break with tradition/convention 打破传统/常规
break with old habits/the past 摒弃旧习惯/过去
break with sb. 与某人绝交
(2)break into 强行闯入(及物)
break in 强行进入(不及物)
break out (战争、火灾、瘟疫等)爆发
break off 中断；折断
break away (from) 离开；脱离(……)
break through 突破
break down (机器等)出故障；(身体等)垮掉；(情感等)失控；(谈判等)失败；消除
We decided to break with tradition and not to spend Christmas
with our family.
我们决定打破传统，不和家人一起过圣诞节。
You had better break with your bad habits.
你最好改掉你的坏习惯。
His girl friend didn't respect his parents so he broke with her.
他的女朋友不尊重他的父母，所以他与她绝交。
Does everyone know what to do when a fire breaks out
大家都知道发生火灾时该怎么办吗？
When Abraham Lincoln was elected President, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation.
当亚伯拉罕·林肯当选总统时，南部州脱离出去，成立了一个新的国家。
On my way to the station my car broke down.
去车站的路上我的车坏了。
Talks between the two sides have broken down.
双方的谈判破裂了。
Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers among them.
把年轻人聚集起来有助于消除他们之间的隔阂。
归纳拓展
break in打断，插嘴；破门而入
break into强行闯入；突然开始(笑等)
break through冲破，突破
break up(使)破碎；(使)(关系等)破裂；分解，分拆；驱散，解散
“I didn't do it！”she broke in．
她插嘴说：“我没做那件事！”
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Women are allowed to break ____________ tradition and propose to their boyfriends nowadays.
②He decided to break away ____________ home after graduation.
③Her health broke ____________ under the pressure of work.
④As she was talking, he suddenly broke ____________， saying, “That's a lie.”
⑤A group of fans broke ____________ the hotel where the famous film star was staying.
⑥When World War Ⅰ broke ____________， he seemed to have become another man, downhearted.
⑦Our soldiers quickly broke ____________ the enemy's defence works.
2)advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
(1)advocate a theory 宣扬一种理论
advocate a view 提出一种看法
advocate free competition 主张自由竞争
advocate doing sth. 提倡做某事，主张做某事(其后不可跟不定式)
advocate building more hospitals 主张增设医院
advocate that... 提倡/主张……(从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略)
It is advocated that...(should) do...
主张……
advocate an equal education 提倡平等教育
(2)an advocate for/of... ……的支持者/拥护者
Many citizens advocate building another primary school in the community.很多市民主张在该社区再建一所小学。
Some educators advocated that children should be praised for their great performance.
有些教育家主张，孩子们应该因他们的出色表现而受到表扬。
There is no advocate for/of the new policy.
没有人支持这一新政策。
名师点津
advocate后面的宾语从句中的谓语用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。有类似用法的动词还有：suggest(建议)，advise(建议)，propose(建议)，recommend(建议)，request(要求)，require(要求)，ask(请求)，order(命令)等。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①LoveFone, a company that advocates ____________ (repair) cellphones rather than abandoning them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.
②Many people advocate that measures ____________ (take) to improve employment.
③He is an enthusiastic advocate ____________ freedom of speech.
3)belief n.看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心 believe vt. & vi.相信
(1)It is one's belief that...＝One's belief is that...
某人相信；某人认为……
beyond belief (因太大、太难、太可怕等)难以置信的
contrary to popular belief 与普遍的看法相反
have belief in 对……有信心
have/hold the belief that... 相信……(that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的具体内容)
(2)believe in 相信
it is believed that... 人们相信
It is my belief that everything will go on well.
我相信一切会进展顺利。
I find his behaviour beyond belief.
我发现他的所作所为简直到了令人难以置信的地步。
I don't have much belief in his honesty.
我对他的诚实缺乏足够的信心。
If you believe in yourself，you can succeed.
如果对自己有信心，你就能成功。
They need a leader they can believe in.
他们需要一个可以信赖的领导。
It is believed that the couple have left the country.
人们认为那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。
I find it unbelievable that people can accept this sort of behaviour.人们竟能接受这样的行为，我震惊不已。
归纳拓展
(1)disbelief n．不信，怀疑
dis-表示相反或否定，类似的词还有： disagree vi.不同意； dishonest adj.不诚实的； disadvantage n．不利条件
(2)believable adj. 可相信的；可信任的
unbelievable adj. 令人难以置信的
语境助记
In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
最近几年，在努纳武特地区，一些因纽特人报告，在人类居住的周围看到熊的次数多了，这让人们相信熊的数量在增加。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①His mistake was to lose belief ____________ his ability to change for the better.
②____________ is a general belief that an agreement has been made.
③He deceived us into the belief ____________ he was an honest man.
④____________ is my belief that her death was not an accident.
⑤He does not believe ____________ the existence of ghosts.
4)bend vi. & vt.(bent, bent)(使)拐弯，弯曲 n．拐弯，弯道
bend down 弯下身子；(使)弯下，(使)折下
bend one's mind/efforts to sth. 集中全力于某事，专心致志于某事
bend one's head 低下头
bend the truth 歪曲事实
bend easily 容易弯曲
keep your knees slightly bent 保持你的双膝稍稍弯曲
be bent on sth./doing sth. 决心要做某事，一心想做某事(通常指坏事)
Never bend your head.Always hold it high.Look the world in the eye.绝不低头，要昂首挺胸，直视大千世界。
The man then bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from.
然后那个人弯下腰，把花送给妻子，告诉她花是谁给她的。
The boy couldn't bend his mind to his studies with such a heavy burden.学习负担如此沉重，这个男孩无法使自己专心学习。
Drivers are warned to slow down at a sharp bend in the road.
司机们被警告在这条路的急转弯处减速。
语境助记
He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye.
他弯下腰和他的老朋友拥抱告别。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①I ____________ (bend) down to lift the box off the floor and removed it into another room.
②You should bend your mind ____________ the plan you have made.
③There's ____________ bend in the pipe so you can't see from one end to the other.
④The road bends ____________ the right.
⑤Don't bend ____________ your desk.
⑥He bent his steps ____________ the ward.
5)claim n.声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得
(1)put in/make a claim for... 提出……的赔偿要求； 要求……的赔偿
have a claim on sth. 拥有……所有权
have no claim on sth. 无权支配……
make a claim on insurance policy 按照保单办理索赔
have no claim to my service 无权叫我服务
have no claim against sb. 无权反对某人
(2)claim that... 声称……
claim to do sth. 声称做某事
claim to have done sth. 声称做过某事
(3)claim sth. from sb. (for sth.) (因……)向某人索要……
claim for compensation 要求赔偿
claim sth. back 索回某物
claim a large amount of money against the firm
向该公司索赔一大笔钱
(4)It is claimed that... 有人声称……；据说……
The singer has denied the magazine's claim.
这名歌手否认了那家杂志的说法。
He made a claim for $2，000.他要求2 000美元的赔偿。
It is only when the virus is wiped out in all countries that we can claim a true victory.只有当这种病毒在所有国家都被消灭时，我们才能宣称真正的胜利。
She claimed to have ever been met by the president.
＝She claimed that she had ever been met by the president.
她声称曾被总统接见过。
You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.
若货物有损坏，可以要求退钱。
The police said that if no one claimed the watch，you could keep it.警方说如果没人认领这块表，你可以留着。
名师点津
claim to do sth.表示“声称将要做某事”
claim to be doing
表示“声称正在做某事”
claim to have done sth.
表示“声称已经做某事”。
语境助记
Earthquakes have claimed hundreds of thousands of lives in the last hundred years.
在过去的100年中，地震夺去了无数人的生命。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①When my bike was stolen, I ____________ (claim) on the insurance and got ￡ 150 back.
②He claims ____________ (meet) President，but I don't believe him.
③They claim ____________ (be) the biggest company in the world，which is true if you include their subsidiaries.
④Dean tricked the old lady into giving him eight hundred pounds，____________ (claim) that he would invest it for her.
⑤He made a claim ____________ damages after his car was hit.
6)make all the difference关系重大，大不相同
(1)make a/the difference 有作用，有影响
make a big difference to... 对……有很大的影响/关系/作用
make no difference to... 对……没有影响/关系/作用
make some difference to... 对……有些影响/关系/作用
(2)It makes no difference to sb. whether...or not.
是否……对某人没有影响。
On the other hand positive feedback can make all the difference to how satisfied people feel.
另一方面，积极的反馈对人们的满意度有很大的影响。
Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a difference in the world.
汉娜是众多让世界不同的年轻人的例子之一。
即学即练 完成句子
①她说的任何事情都不会对我们的安排有影响。
Whatever she says will not ____________________ to our arrangements.
②你对压力做出的反应影响你的心理和身体健康！
How you react to pressure will __________________________ to your mental and physical health！
第二版块|重点句型解构
1)(教材原句)It was a time when many painters, musicians, novelists and poets looked at the world in new and different ways.
在那个时代，许多画家、音乐家、小说家和诗人都以新的、不同的方式看待世界。
[句式分析] 本句中when引导的是定语从句，先行词是time。
when引导定语从句时，在定语从句中作时间状语，先行词常为表示时间的名词，如time, day, week, year等。
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week when the weather may be better.
我们将把公园野餐的时间推迟到下周，那时天气可能会好点儿。
As the smallest child of his family，Eric is always longing for the time when he will be able to be independent.
作为家里最小的孩子，埃里克一直渴望他能独立的那个时刻。
特别提示
当先行词为表示时间的词时，注意判断关系词在从句中所作的成分，作时间状语时用when，作主语或宾语时用that/which。注意下面的句子：
Each time I see these photos，I can't help thinking of the happy days that/which we spent together.每次看到这些照片，我都忍不住会想起我们一起度过的快乐时光。
(本句中先行词为days，关系词在从句中作spent的宾语，应用which或that。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①It was the middle of the night ____________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
②I am looking forward to the day ____________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
③I had one trip last year ____________ I got caught in a hurricane in America.
④The old pictures bring them to the days ____________ they spent together, ____________ life was hard but happy.
2)(教材原句)Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back.
但我知道路径延绵无尽头，恐怕我难以再回返。)
[句式分析] 本句中if在动词doubt后引导宾语从句
I doubt if...我怀疑是否……
(1)动词doubt接宾语从句时，肯定句中连接词用if或whether，表示“是否”，否定句或疑问句中连接词用that。
I doubt if they can finish the job on time.
我怀疑他们是否能按时完工。
I doubt whether Alyssa will accept the invitation the day after tomorrow.
我怀疑阿莉莎后天是否会接受邀请。
I don't doubt that my father will come to my rescue.
我相信我父亲一定会来救我的。
Do you doubt that she will succeed
你怀疑她会成功吗？
(2)doubt作名词，有时后接介词about或同位语从句，接同位语从句时，肯定句用whether(不能用if)，否定句和疑问句用that。
The article raised doubts about how effective the new drug really was.
这篇文章对这种新药的实效有多大提出了疑问。
I've had my doubts about his work since he joined the firm.
自从他加入公司以来，我对他的工作一直持有怀疑。
There is some doubt about the best way to do it.
做这件事的最佳办法有点儿吃不准。
归纳总结
I doubt whether/if...我怀疑是否……
I don't doubt that...我确信……
There is no doubt about/that...毫无疑问……
There is some doubt about/whether...对于……有些疑问。
There is some doubt whether John will come on time.对约翰是否会准时到有一些怀疑。
There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing.毫无疑问我们做得对。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①He doubts ____________ she will keep her word.
②I doubt ____________ they can swim across the river.
③I do not doubt ____________ he can recite it.
④There is some doubt ____________ he is the best man for the job.
⑤There is no doubt ____________ we will have three days off after the exam.
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The trip to Paris will be an ____________ (理想的) opportunity to enhance my French.
2．Some children ____________ (经历) a complete transformation when they become teenagers.
3．This balance is being upset by ____________ (工业化), which causes great damage to environment.
4．I admire his enthusiastic ____________ (信仰) in what he is doing.
5．A new ____________ (时代) was brought into being by the sudden innovation.
6．Scientists are humans. There is always the possibility of revising a ____________ (声明) on the basis of new evidence.
7．Two-fifths of the land in that ____________ (地区) is covered with trees and grass.
8．The driver lowered his speed at a tight ____________ (拐弯) in the road.
9．We suspect they are trying to hide something; ____________ (因此) the need for a comprehensive inquiry is a must.
10．We all breathed a ____________ (叹气) of relief when it was over.
Ⅱ.短语填空
be pleased with, break with, look at, in...way, fill in, as a result of, put emphasis on, go back to, lie on, be interested in, beyond belief, an ideal opportunity, advocate for, undergo tests
1．You had better ____________ your bad habits which exposed your personal situation.
2．It is essential to ____________ a form with details of your birth and occupation.
3．He ____________ me enormously surprised, grabbing me in the arms.
4．Many critics throw themselves into the criticism of this book ________ a challenging ________．
5．The teachers should ____________ the importance of the perspective of their students.
6．She ____________ the beach for a long time and enjoyed the beautiful landscape.
7．I think it is apparent that they ____________ this latest offer.
8．I think you should ____________ your original living surroundings, which will make you ambitious.
9．Student's motivation and ambition for study has been stimulated ____________ educational reform.
10．First of all, you should consider the career that you ____________．
11．The trip to Guangdong in China will be ____________ to practise my Cantonese.
12．All safety equipment will ____________ by the licenses precisely.
13．They ____________ a better environment by way of cycling, which can protect many rare plants and animals.
14．This outstanding disabled athlete who has won the game is ____________．
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．He is an untiring advocate ____________ educational reform. He advocates ____________ (reward) the teachers for their excellent jobs.
2．It's a general belief ____________ those who have a wonderful sense of humor are more popular.
3．Last week, some scientists claimed ____________ (discover) three new species on the remote island.
4．She has been depressed since she broke ____________ her friend.
5．I don't doubt ____________ I can sell my portraits at a good price to someone!
6．We all experience a day ____________ everything goes wrong.
7．You must sell the mushrooms that you have, ____________ expenses will be submitted by the end of the month.
8．She came into the room, ____________ (bend) forward to pick up the garlic.
9．A man ____________ (claim) to be a journalist threatened to expose details about her private life.
10．The new digital era could make ____________ difference to the bottom line, which will have an enormous effect on us.
11．He will have no choice but ____________ (throw) himself into the new campaign.
12．She ____________ (tread) and enjoyed the beautiful landscape of the village.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．有人宣称，幽默不仅影响病人的情绪，而且明显有助于他们康复。
________________ humor not only affects patients' moods, but apparently helps them recover.
2．他是否在这里对我们的工作没有影响，因为很少看到他和我们一起工作。
Whether he is here or not will ________________ because it is rare to see him work with us.
3．我怀疑自己是否能写出我在余生想要展示的一切。
________________ I could write all that I wanted to display in the rest of my life.
4．毫无疑问，意识延伸的确是一个难理解的观点。
________________ the extended mind is a difficult perspective indeed.
5．我别无选择，只能麻烦你纠正我在歌曲里的细小错误。
I ________________ to correct my precise mistakes in the melody.
6．她声称已经被那所大学录取了。
She ________________ she had been admitted to that famous university.
＝She ________________________ to that famous university.
7．队员们都相信他们的教练。
The players all ________________ their coach.
8．那位老师提倡大声朗读从而真正理解诗歌。
The teacher ________________ poems aloud to truly understand them.
Section B Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．ideal 2.rigid 3.undergo; underwent; undergone
4．advocate 5.era 6.district 7.bend; bent; bent
8．claim 9.hence
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．novelist; novel 2.industrialization; industry; industrial
3．belief; believe; unbelievable
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．与……终止关联，破除 2.put emphasis on... 3.lie in...
4．go back to nature 5.generally speaking 6.mark the start of...
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．when 2.I doubted if
核心突破·互动探究
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1．①with ②from ③down ④in ⑤into ⑥out ⑦through
2．①repairing ②(should) be taken ③for/of
3．①in ②There ③that ④It ⑤in
4．①bent ②to ③a ④to ⑤over ⑥toward
5．①claimed ②to have met ③to be ④claiming ⑤for
6．①make any difference ②make all the difference
第二版块|重点句型解构
1．①when ②when ③when ④which/that; when
2．①if/whether ②if/whether ③that ④whether ⑤that
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．ideal 2.undergo 3.industrialization 4.belief 5.era
6．claim 7.district 8.bend 9.hence 10.sigh
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．break with 2.fill in 3.looked at 4.in; way 5.put emphasis on 6.lay on 7.are pleased with 8.go back to 9.as a result of 10.are interested in 11.an ideal opportunity
12．undergo tests 13.advocate for 14.beyond belief
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．for/of; rewarding 2.that 3.to have discovered 4.with
5．that 6.when 7.for/because 8.bending 9.claiming 10.a 11.to throw 12.trod
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．It is claimed that 2.make no difference to our work
3．I doubted if/whether 4.There is no doubt that
5．have no choice but to bother you
6．claimed that; claimed to have been admitted
7．have belief in 8.advocates reading
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共100张PPT)
Section B Grammar and usage &
Integrated skills
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．____________ n. 理想；典范
adj. 完美的，理想的
2．____________ adj. 死板的，僵硬的；固执的，僵化的
3．____________ vt. (过去式____________，过去分词__________)经历，经受
4．____________ vt. 拥护，支持，提倡
n. 拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
ideal
rigid
undergo
underwent
undergone
advocate
5．____________ n. 时代，年代
6．____________ n. 区，行政区；地区，区域
7．____________ vi. & vt. (过去式____________，过去分词__________)(使)拐弯，弯曲
n. 拐弯弯道
8．____________ n. 声明，宣称；所有权；索赔
vt. 宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得
9．____________ adv. 因此，由此
era
district
bend
bent
bent
claim
hence
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n．小说家→________ n．小说
2．______________ n．工业化→________ n．工业；行业→________ adj.工业的
3．________ n．看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心→________ vt.相信；认为→__________ adj.难以置信的
novelist
novel
industrialization
industry
industrial
belief
believe
unbelievable
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．break with... ________________
2．________________ 重视，强调，把重点放在……
3．________________ 在于
4．________________ 回归自然
5．________________ 一般而言
6．________________ 标志着……的开始
与……终止关联，破除
put emphasis on...
lie in...
go back to nature
generally speaking
mark the start of...
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．在那个年代，许多画家、音乐家、小说家和诗人都以新的不同的方式看待世界。
It was a time __________ many painters, musicians, novelists and poets looked at the world in new and different ways.
2．但我知道路径延绵无尽头，恐怕我难以再回返。
Yet knowing how way leads on to way, ___________ I should ever come back.
when
I doubted if
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1)break with sth. 与某事终止关联，破除
(1)break with tradition/convention 打破传统/常规
break with old habits/the past 摒弃旧习惯/过去
break with sb. 与某人绝交
(2)break into 强行闯入(及物)
break in 强行进入(不及物)
break out (战争、火灾、瘟疫等)爆发
break off 中断；折断
break away (from) 离开；脱离(……)
break through 突破
break down (机器等)出故障；(身体等)垮掉；(情感等)失控；(谈判等)失败；消除
We decided to break with tradition and not to spend Christmas
with our family.
我们决定打破传统，不和家人一起过圣诞节。
You had better break with your bad habits.
你最好改掉你的坏习惯。
His girl friend didn't respect his parents so he broke with her.
他的女朋友不尊重他的父母，所以他与她绝交。
Does everyone know what to do when a fire breaks out
大家都知道发生火灾时该怎么办吗？
When Abraham Lincoln was elected President, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation.
当亚伯拉罕·林肯当选总统时，南部州脱离出去，成立了一个新的国家。
On my way to the station my car broke down.
去车站的路上我的车坏了。
Talks between the two sides have broken down.
双方的谈判破裂了。
Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers among them.
把年轻人聚集起来有助于消除他们之间的隔阂。
归纳拓展
break in打断，插嘴；破门而入
break into强行闯入；突然开始(笑等)
break through冲破，突破
break up(使)破碎；(使)(关系等)破裂；分解，分拆；驱散，解散
“I didn't do it！”she broke in．
她插嘴说：“我没做那件事！”
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Women are allowed to break ____________ tradition and propose to their boyfriends nowadays.
②He decided to break away ____________ home after graduation.
③Her health broke ____________ under the pressure of work.
④As she was talking, he suddenly broke ___________， saying, “That's a lie.”
with
from
down
in
⑤A group of fans broke ____________ the hotel where the famous film star was staying.
⑥When World War Ⅰ broke ____________， he seemed to have become another man, downhearted.
⑦Our soldiers quickly broke ____________ the enemy's defence works.
into
out
through
2)advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 n．拥护者，支持者；辩护律师
(1)advocate a theory 宣扬一种理论
advocate a view 提出一种看法
advocate free competition 主张自由竞争
advocate doing sth. 提倡做某事，主张做某事(其后不可跟不定式)
advocate building more hospitals 主张增设医院
advocate that... 提倡/主张……(从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略)
It is advocated that...(should) do...
主张……
advocate an equal education 提倡平等教育
(2)an advocate for/of... ……的支持者/拥护者
Many citizens advocate building another primary school in the community.很多市民主张在该社区再建一所小学。
Some educators advocated that children should be praised for their great performance.
有些教育家主张，孩子们应该因他们的出色表现而受到表扬。
There is no advocate for/of the new policy.
没有人支持这一新政策。
名师点津
advocate后面的宾语从句中的谓语用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。有类似用法的动词还有：suggest(建议)，advise(建议)，propose(建议)，recommend(建议)，request(要求)，require(要求)，ask(请求)，order(命令)等。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①LoveFone, a company that advocates ___________ (repair) cellphones rather than abandoning them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box in 2016.
②Many people advocate that measures ____________ (take) to improve employment.
③He is an enthusiastic advocate ____________ freedom of speech.
repairing
(should) be taken
for/of
3)belief n.看法，信念；信仰；相信，信心 believe vt. & vi.相信
(1)It is one's belief that...＝One's belief is that...
某人相信；某人认为……
beyond belief (因太大、太难、太可怕等)难以置信的
contrary to popular belief 与普遍的看法相反
have belief in 对……有信心
have/hold the belief that... 相信……(that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的具体内容)
(2)believe in 相信
it is believed that... 人们相信
It is my belief that everything will go on well.
我相信一切会进展顺利。
I find his behaviour beyond belief.
我发现他的所作所为简直到了令人难以置信的地步。
I don't have much belief in his honesty.
我对他的诚实缺乏足够的信心。
If you believe in yourself，you can succeed.
如果对自己有信心，你就能成功。
They need a leader they can believe in.
他们需要一个可以信赖的领导。
It is believed that the couple have left the country.
人们认为那对夫妇已经离开了这个国家。
I find it unbelievable that people can accept this sort of behaviour.人们竟能接受这样的行为，我震惊不已。
归纳拓展
(1)disbelief n．不信，怀疑
dis-表示相反或否定，类似的词还有： disagree vi.不同意； dishonest adj.不诚实的； disadvantage n．不利条件
(2)believable adj. 可相信的；可信任的
unbelievable adj. 令人难以置信的
语境助记
In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
最近几年，在努纳武特地区，一些因纽特人报告，在人类居住的周围看到熊的次数多了，这让人们相信熊的数量在增加。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①His mistake was to lose belief ____________ his ability to change for the better.
②____________ is a general belief that an agreement has been made.
③He deceived us into the belief ____________ he was an honest man.
④____________ is my belief that her death was not an accident.
⑤He does not believe ____________ the existence of ghosts.
in
There
that
It
in
4)bend vi. & vt.(bent, bent)(使)拐弯，弯曲 n．拐弯，弯道
bend down 弯下身子；(使)弯下，(使)折下
bend one's mind/efforts to sth. 集中全力于某事，专心致志于某事
bend one's head 低下头
bend the truth 歪曲事实
bend easily 容易弯曲
keep your knees slightly bent 保持你的双膝稍稍弯曲
be bent on sth./doing sth. 决心要做某事，一心想做某事(通常指坏事)
Never bend your head.Always hold it high.Look the world in the eye.绝不低头，要昂首挺胸，直视大千世界。
The man then bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling her who it was from.
然后那个人弯下腰，把花送给妻子，告诉她花是谁给她的。
The boy couldn't bend his mind to his studies with such a heavy burden.学习负担如此沉重，这个男孩无法使自己专心学习。
Drivers are warned to slow down at a sharp bend in the road.
司机们被警告在这条路的急转弯处减速。
语境助记
He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye.
他弯下腰和他的老朋友拥抱告别。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①I ____________ (bend) down to lift the box off the floor and removed it into another room.
②You should bend your mind ____________ the plan you have made.
③There's ____________ bend in the pipe so you can't see from one end to the other.
④The road bends ____________ the right.
⑤Don't bend ____________ your desk.
⑥He bent his steps ____________ the ward.
bent
to
a
to
over
toward
5)claim n.声明，宣称；所有权；索赔 vt.宣称，声称；要求；索取；获得
(1)put in/make a claim for... 提出……的赔偿要求； 要求……的赔偿
have a claim on sth. 拥有……所有权
have no claim on sth. 无权支配……
make a claim on insurance policy 按照保单办理索赔
have no claim to my service 无权叫我服务
have no claim against sb. 无权反对某人
(2)claim that... 声称……
claim to do sth. 声称做某事
claim to have done sth. 声称做过某事
(3)claim sth. from sb. (for sth.) (因……)向某人索要……
claim for compensation 要求赔偿
claim sth. back 索回某物
claim a large amount of money against the firm
向该公司索赔一大笔钱
(4)It is claimed that... 有人声称……；据说……
The singer has denied the magazine's claim.
这名歌手否认了那家杂志的说法。
He made a claim for $2，000.他要求2 000美元的赔偿。
It is only when the virus is wiped out in all countries that we can claim a true victory.只有当这种病毒在所有国家都被消灭时，我们才能宣称真正的胜利。
She claimed to have ever been met by the president.
＝She claimed that she had ever been met by the president.
她声称曾被总统接见过。
You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged.
若货物有损坏，可以要求退钱。
The police said that if no one claimed the watch，you could keep it.警方说如果没人认领这块表，你可以留着。
名师点津
claim to do sth.表示“声称将要做某事”
claim to be doing
表示“声称正在做某事”
claim to have done sth.
表示“声称已经做某事”。
语境助记
Earthquakes have claimed hundreds of thousands of lives in the last hundred years.
在过去的100年中，地震夺去了无数人的生命。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①When my bike was stolen, I ____________ (claim) on the insurance and got ￡ 150 back.
②He claims ____________ (meet) President，but I don't believe him.
③They claim ____________ (be) the biggest company in the world，which is true if you include their subsidiaries.
④Dean tricked the old lady into giving him eight hundred pounds，____________ (claim) that he would invest it for her.
⑤He made a claim ____________ damages after his car was hit.
claimed
to have met
to be
claiming
for
6)make all the difference关系重大，大不相同
(1)make a/the difference 有作用，有影响
make a big difference to... 对……有很大的影响/关系/作用
make no difference to... 对……没有影响/关系/作用
make some difference to... 对……有些影响/关系/作用
(2)It makes no difference to sb. whether...or not.
是否……对某人没有影响。
On the other hand positive feedback can make all the difference to how satisfied people feel.
另一方面，积极的反馈对人们的满意度有很大的影响。
Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a difference in the world.
汉娜是众多让世界不同的年轻人的例子之一。
即学即练 完成句子
①她说的任何事情都不会对我们的安排有影响。
Whatever she says will not ____________________ to our arrangements.
②你对压力做出的反应影响你的心理和身体健康！
How you react to pressure will ____________________ to your mental and physical health！
make any difference
make all the difference
第二版块|重点句型解构
1)(教材原句)It was a time when many painters, musicians, novelists and poets looked at the world in new and different ways.
在那个时代，许多画家、音乐家、小说家和诗人都以新的、不同的方式看待世界。
[句式分析] 本句中when引导的是定语从句，先行词是time。
when引导定语从句时，在定语从句中作时间状语，先行词常为表示时间的名词，如time, day, week, year等。
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week when the weather may be better.
我们将把公园野餐的时间推迟到下周，那时天气可能会好点儿。
As the smallest child of his family，Eric is always longing for the time when he will be able to be independent.
作为家里最小的孩子，埃里克一直渴望他能独立的那个时刻。
特别提示
当先行词为表示时间的词时，注意判断关系词在从句中所作的成分，作时间状语时用when，作主语或宾语时用that/which。注意下面的句子：
Each time I see these photos，I can't help thinking of the happy days that/which we spent together.每次看到这些照片，我都忍不住会想起我们一起度过的快乐时光。
(本句中先行词为days，关系词在从句中作spent的宾语，应用which或that。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①It was the middle of the night ____________ my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.
②I am looking forward to the day ____________ my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for her.
③I had one trip last year ____________ I got caught in a hurricane in America.
④The old pictures bring them to the days ____________ they spent together, ____________ life was hard but happy.
when
when
when
which/that
when
2)(教材原句)Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back.
但我知道路径延绵无尽头，恐怕我难以再回返。)
[句式分析] 本句中if在动词doubt后引导宾语从句
I doubt if...我怀疑是否……
(1)动词doubt接宾语从句时，肯定句中连接词用if或whether，表示“是否”，否定句或疑问句中连接词用that。
I doubt if they can finish the job on time.
我怀疑他们是否能按时完工。
I doubt whether Alyssa will accept the invitation the day after tomorrow.
我怀疑阿莉莎后天是否会接受邀请。
I don't doubt that my father will come to my rescue.
我相信我父亲一定会来救我的。
Do you doubt that she will succeed
你怀疑她会成功吗？
(2)doubt作名词，有时后接介词about或同位语从句，接同位语从句时，肯定句用whether(不能用if)，否定句和疑问句用that。
The article raised doubts about how effective the new drug really was.
这篇文章对这种新药的实效有多大提出了疑问。
I've had my doubts about his work since he joined the firm.
自从他加入公司以来，我对他的工作一直持有怀疑。
There is some doubt about the best way to do it.
做这件事的最佳办法有点儿吃不准。
归纳总结
I doubt whether/if...我怀疑是否……
I don't doubt that...我确信……
There is no doubt about/that...毫无疑问……
There is some doubt about/whether...对于……有些疑问。
There is some doubt whether John will come on time.对约翰是否会准时到有一些怀疑。
There is no doubt at all that we did the right thing.毫无疑问我们做得对。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①He doubts ____________ she will keep her word.
②I doubt ____________ they can swim across the river.
③I do not doubt ____________ he can recite it.
④There is some doubt ____________ he is the best man for the job.
⑤There is no doubt ____________ we will have three days off after the exam.
if/whether
if/whether
that
whether
that
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The trip to Paris will be an ____________ (理想的) opportunity to enhance my French.
2．Some children ____________ (经历) a complete transformation when they become teenagers.
3．This balance is being upset by ____________ (工业化), which causes great damage to environment.
4．I admire his enthusiastic ____________ (信仰) in what he is doing.
ideal
undergo
industrialization
belief
5．A new ____________ (时代) was brought into being by the sudden innovation.
6．Scientists are humans. There is always the possibility of revising a ____________ (声明) on the basis of new evidence.
7．Two-fifths of the land in that ____________ (地区) is covered with trees and grass.
era
claim
district
8．The driver lowered his speed at a tight ____________ (拐弯) in the road.
9．We suspect they are trying to hide something; ____________ (因此) the need for a comprehensive inquiry is a must.
10．We all breathed a ____________ (叹气) of relief when it was over.
bend
hence
sigh
Ⅱ.短语填空
be pleased with, break with, look at, in...way, fill in, as a result of, put emphasis on, go back to, lie on, be interested in, beyond belief, an ideal opportunity, advocate for, undergo tests
1．You had better ____________ your bad habits which exposed your personal situation.
2．It is essential to ____________ a form with details of your birth and occupation.
break with
fill in
3．He ____________ me enormously surprised, grabbing me in the arms.
4．Many critics throw themselves into the criticism of this book ________ a challenging ________．
5．The teachers should ____________ the importance of the perspective of their students.
6．She _________ the beach for a long time and enjoyed the beautiful landscape.
7．I think it is apparent that they ____________ this latest offer.
looked at
in
way
put emphasis on
lay on
are pleased with
8．I think you should ____________ your original living surroundings, which will make you ambitious.
9．Student's motivation and ambition for study has been stimulated ____________ educational reform.
10．First of all, you should consider the career that you ____________．
11．The trip to Guangdong in China will be ___________________ to practise my Cantonese.
go back to
as a result of
are interested in
an ideal opportunity
12．All safety equipment will ____________ by the licenses precisely.
13．They ____________ a better environment by way of cycling, which can protect many rare plants and animals.
14．This outstanding disabled athlete who has won the game is ____________．
undergo tests
advocate for
beyond belief
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．He is an untiring advocate ____________ educational reform. He advocates ____________ (reward) the teachers for their excellent jobs.
2．It's a general belief ____________ those who have a wonderful sense of humor are more popular.
3．Last week, some scientists claimed ______________ (discover) three new species on the remote island.
4．She has been depressed since she broke ____________ her friend.
for/of
rewarding
that
to have discovered
with
5．I don't doubt ____________ I can sell my portraits at a good price to someone!
6．We all experience a day ____________ everything goes wrong.
7．You must sell the mushrooms that you have, ____________ expenses will be submitted by the end of the month.
8．She came into the room, ____________ (bend) forward to pick up the garlic.
that
when
for/because
bending
9．A man ____________ (claim) to be a journalist threatened to expose details about her private life.
10．The new digital era could make ____________ difference to the bottom line, which will have an enormous effect on us.
11．He will have no choice but ____________ (throw) himself into the new campaign.
12．She ____________ (tread) and enjoyed the beautiful landscape of the village.
claiming
a
to throw
trod
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．有人宣称，幽默不仅影响病人的情绪，而且明显有助于他们康复。
________________ humor not only affects patients' moods, but apparently helps them recover.
2．他是否在这里对我们的工作没有影响，因为很少看到他和我们一起工作。
Whether he is here or not will ________________________ because it is rare to see him work with us.
It is claimed that
make no difference to our work
3．我怀疑自己是否能写出我在余生想要展示的一切。
________________ I could write all that I wanted to display in the rest of my life.
4．毫无疑问，意识延伸的确是一个难理解的观点。
________________ the extended mind is a difficult perspective indeed.
5．我别无选择，只能麻烦你纠正我在歌曲里的细小错误。
I ____________________________ to correct my precise mistakes in the melody.
I doubted if/whether
There is no doubt that
have no choice but to bother you
6．她声称已经被那所大学录取了。
She ____________ she had been admitted to that famous university.
＝She ________________________ to that famous university.
7．队员们都相信他们的教练。
The players all ____________ their coach.
8．那位老师提倡大声朗读从而真正理解诗歌。
The teacher ________________ poems aloud to truly understand them.
claimed that
claimed to have been admitted
have belief in
advocates reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共11小题；每小题2.5分，满分27.5分)
A
Reading poems is not exactly an everyday activity for most people. In fact, many people never read a poem once they get out of high school.
It is worth reminding ourselves that this has not always been the case in America. In the nineteenth century, a usual American activity was to sit around the fireside in the evening and read poems aloud. It is true that there was no television at the time, nor movie theaters, nor World Wide Web, to provide diversion.
However, poems were a source of pleasure, of self-education, of connection to other people or to the world beyond one's own community. Reading them was a social act as well as an individual one and perhaps even more social than individual. Writing poems to share with friends and relations was like reading poems by the fireside, another way in which poetry has a place in everyday life.
How did things change Why are most Americans no longer comfortable with poetry, and why do most people today think that a poem has nothing to tell them and that they can do well without poems
There are, I believe, three factors: poets, teachers and we ourselves. Of these the least important is the third: the world surrounding the poem has betrayed us more than we have betrayed the poem. Early in the twentieth century, poetry in English headed into directions unfavorable to the reading of poetry. Readers decided that poems were not for the fireside or the easy chair at night and that they belonged where other difficult-to-read things belonged.
Poets failed the reader, so did teachers. They want their students to know something about the skills of a poem. They want their students to see that poems mean something. Yet what usually occurs when teachers push these concerns on their high school students is that young people decide poems are unpleasant crossword puzzles.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了诗歌由过去的受人欢迎，到现在受人冷落的原因。
1．Reading poems is thought to be a social act in the nineteenth century because ________．( )
A．it built a link among people
B．it helped unite a community
C．it was a source of self-education
D．it was a source of pleasure
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后三句可知在19世纪读诗是一种社交行为，人们读诗写诗和朋友以及亲戚分享，读诗在人们之间建立了一种联系。
2．The underlined word “diversion” most probably means ________．( )
A．concentration B．change
C．amusements D．stories
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，在十九世纪，没有电视机、电影院和宽带网，然而诗歌是快乐的源泉，因此可以推断电视机、电影院和宽带网提供的是娱乐。故选C。
3．According to the passage, what is the main cause of the great gap between readers and poetry？( )
A.Students are becoming less interested in poetry.
B.Students are poorly educated in high school.
C．TV and the Internet are more attractive than poetry.
D．Poems have become difficult to understand.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的“Readers decided that poems were not for the fireside or the easy chair at night and that they belonged where other difficult-to-read things belonged.”可知，读者与诗歌之间产生了鸿沟，主要是因为诗歌很难读懂。故选D。
B
Tang Dynasty poets sang for about three centuries in different tones. There were many famous poets living in the Tang period such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi and Li Shangyin. Quan Tangshi edited in the Qing Dynasty is a collection of about 48, 900 poems that were written by over 2，200 poets. But it doesn't cover all the poems of the Tang Dynasty.
During the Tang Dynasty, poems were recited when lovers walked under the moonlight. Poems were also recited when soldiers fought on the battlefield. People recited them in the open air or at temple fairs.
In the Tang Dynasty scholars (学者) had to be poets. Their readers were not only people of high social position but also common people. Poets recited poems; women singers sang poems and other ranks of people, including old women and children, read Tang poems. This atmosphere affected foreigners who visited the country at that time. As a result, Tang poetry was introduced to some adjacent countries, like Japan and Vietnam.
Tang poetry is a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature. It's a miracle (奇迹) in the cultural history of mankind. The Tang Dynasty was a powerful empire with a vast territory. It inherited (继承) Chinese civilization that went back to ancient times, and was combined with the best of other cultures and adopted the benefits of other nations in the world. Tang poetry wasn't the only spiritual wealth created by people of the Tang Dynasty.
Philosophy, handwriting, painting, music and dance all gained new peaks of development. Tang poetry, however, was the jewel in the crown and the greatest achievement in the Tang Dynasty.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了唐诗在唐代的盛行，其影响力以及对世界文化的贡献。
4．It can be learned from Paragraph 1 that ________.( )
A.there were more than 48，900 poems written in the Tang Dynasty
B．in total there were four famous poets in the Tang Dynasty
C.only people of the Tang Dynasty createdpoems
D.in the Tang Dynasty most common people were poets
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。由文章第一段可知，《全唐诗》中收录了约48 900首诗，但它并没有包括唐朝所有的诗歌，所以在唐朝有超过48 900首诗被创作。故选A。
5．The underlined word “adjacent” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________．( )
A．neighboring B．strong
C．poor D．western
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。由文章第三段最后一句中的“like Japan and Vietnam”以及常识可知，日本和越南都是中国的邻国，adjacent意为“邻近的”。故选A。
6．What does the author really want to tell us in Paragraph 3？( )
A. In the Tang Dynasty all poets were scholars.
B．In the Tang Dynasty poems were quite popular.
C．Many foreigners came to the east during the Tang Dynasty.
D．In the Tang Dynasty many poems were sung by women singers.
答案：B
解析：段落大意题。由文章第三段内容可知，在唐朝学者必须是诗人，社会各个阶层的人都在读唐诗，甚至外国人也受到了唐诗的影响。所以，本段主要说明诗歌在唐朝是非常流行的。故选B。
7．What can we know from Paragraph 4？( )
A．The reasons for the poets to create poems in the Tang Dynasty.
B．Tang poetry, the greatest spiritual wealth in ancient China.
C.The significance and influence of Tang poetry.
D.The editors of Tang poetry in the Qing Dynasty.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。由文章最后一段前两句和最后一句可知，唐诗是中国古代文学史上最辉煌的一页，是人类文化史上的一个奇迹。唐诗是皇冠上的宝石，也是唐朝最伟大的成就。由此可推知，最后一段告诉我们唐诗的意义和影响。故选C。
C
“The failure to play is now a serious issue and it calls for action for change，” says Sir Ken Robinson, a leading expert in education, creativity and human development. This is the driving force behind Outdoor Classroom Day—a global teacher-led campaign, supported by Dirt is Good, a company producing daily chemical products.
Outdoor Classroom Day, taking place on 17th May and 1st November, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school day.This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity.By now, Outdoor Classroom Day has grown from a grassroots movement to a global campaign that is expected to benefit five million children and over 40，000 schools from all around the world.
This is helping to change the trend that sees many schools selling up or building on their playgrounds and cutting back on playtime to make more room for academic studies, while at home children's lives are increasingly filled with organized activities intended to help them learn. Today globally 61% of parents surveyed in the Dirt is Good Qualitative Study said that children don't know how to play without using technology.
Outdoor Classroom Day is making play time happen, with 22% of participating schools having increased their playtime since joining the campaign. 93% of teachers surveyed saw improvements in children's creativity after playing outside, and 97% believe that time outdoors is necessary for children to reach their full potential.
Scientific studies show that real play—the active, physical, self-directed play—is essential for children to develop key life skills that are not taught elsewhere. Few would question the value of developing creativity, leadership, resourcefulness, and curiosity.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项名为“户外课堂日”的活动，这项活动旨在通过增加孩子的游戏时间，来提高孩子的创造力，充分发挥他们的潜力。
8．What do children do on Outdoor Classroom Day？( )
A．Have P．E. classes on the playgrounds.
B．Have a day off and go playing somewhere.
C．Learn and play by using natural things outside.
D．Play on their own without the teachers' guidance.
答案：C
解析：根据第二段中“Outdoor Classroom Day，taking place on 17th May and 1st November, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school day. This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity.(5月17日和11月1日举行的‘户外课堂日’，将看到世界各地的学校从教室里面换到教室外面，把学习带到操场和其他地方，使游戏时间成为学校一天的重要组成部分。这可能包括使用石头等自然物体来做算术，或者进行昆虫狩猎来激发好奇心。)”可知，在“户外课堂日”，孩子们利用户外的自然事物学习和玩耍。
9．Why do children spend less time outdoors？( )
A．Schools stop providing playgrounds.
B．Adults ignore the importance of playtime.
C．Parents prefer to teach their children at home.
D.Technology helps children learn better at home.
答案：B
解析：根据第三段中“This is helping to change the trend that sees many schools selling up or building on their playgrounds and cutting back on playtime to make more room for academic studies, while at home children's lives are increasingly filled with organized activities intended to help them learn.(这有助于改变一种趋势，这种趋势见证了许多学校变卖操场或在操场上建房子，减少游戏时间，为学业腾出更多空间，而在家里，孩子们的生活越来越多地被旨在帮助他们学习的有组织的活动所占据。)”可知，家长认为学习比玩耍重要，会给孩子安排更多的旨在帮助他们学习的活动。由此可知，孩子们在户外的时间更少了，一个原因是成年人忽视了游戏时间的重要性。
10．What's the school teachers' attitude towards the campaign？( )
A．Opposed. B．Cold.
C．Enthusiastic. D．Favourable.
答案：D
解析：根据倒数第二段中“93% of teachers surveyed saw improvements in children's creativity after playing outside, and 97% believe that time outdoors is necessary for children to reach their full potential.(93%接受调查的教师认为，孩子们在户外玩耍后创造力有所提高，97%的教师认为，户外时间对孩子们充分发挥潜能是必要的。)”可知，学校老师对这项活动的态度是支持的。
11．What's the passage mainly about？( )
A．To introduce an activity.
B．To advertise a product.
C．To entertain the public.
D．To persuade students to play.
答案：A
解析：通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了一项名为“户外课堂日”的活动，这项活动旨在通过增加孩子的游戏时间，来提高孩子的创造力，充分发挥他们的潜力。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Do you still remember your favorite poem from high school or some other important periods in your life Why is it that decades later it still stands out in your mind 1(____) In the same way, you too as a school leader can touch the hearts of your staff and students.
2(____) Thus, it can inspire whatever and whomever it touches. The power that poetry has displayed over time and across cultures actually satisfies this common need of the human heart and soul.
As one of the oldest art forms, poetry has successfully connected various strands of humanity (人性) from one generation to another. Referring to poetry, Hillyer makes a simple yet meaningful statement, “3(____)”
School leaders can find and make use of the value of poetry for themselves，their students and their staff members. Beyond the simple use of poetry, techniques of poetry such as metaphors, repetitions and imagery can be used to take advantage of the power of language to transform communication. 4(____)
Since schools are mainly about people and relationship, school leaders, like poets, are required to inspire and encourage the human heart. 5(____) In addition, it serves to meet the human need for inspiration.
A.With this key mankind unlocked his heart.
B．Probably the main reason is that some aspects of that poem touch your heart.
C．At the same time, they can create meaning and a culture of care and attention.
D.Students are encouraged to write poetry after they learn some poems at school.
E.Poetry can not only make us master a language well but also let us express our feelings.
F.Poetry allows us to experience strong spiritual connections to things around us and to the past.
G.The use of poetry—or even of some techniques of poetry—in school leadership helps to improve communication.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了诗的力量，作为最古老的艺术形式，诗可以满足人们心灵的需求，可以在处理人际关系方面发挥作用。
1．答案：B
解析：前面提到了why引导的问题，所以此处回答原因。故选B。
2．答案：F
解析：段首句是这一段的主题句。本段主要讲了诗歌可以激起它所触动的人和事。诗所展示的力量可以满足人类心灵和灵魂的普遍需要。由此说明，这一段的主题是诗歌可以触动我们的心灵。故选F。
3．答案：A
解析：上文提到作为最古老的艺术形式之一，诗成功地连接了一代又一代人各种各样的人性。由此可知Hillyer会提到诗把人的内心联系在一起。故选A。
4．答案：C
解析：空前面一句提到像暗喻、重复、比喻这些诗歌的技巧可以被用来利用语言的力量来改变交流。所以此处指它们还能创造意义和一种关怀和关注的文化。C项中的they指代前面一句中的“techniques of poetry”。
5．答案：G
解析：空前面一句提到，因为学校主要是关于人们和人际关系，所以，像诗人一样的学校领导被要求激发人的心灵。空处表示在学校领导中运用诗歌或者使用一些诗的技巧会改善交流。故选G。
