Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．barren adj. ____________
2．dimension n. ____________
3．____________ n. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及
vt. 抓紧；领会，理解
4．rhyme n. ____________
vt. ____________
vi. ____________
5．____________ adj. 复杂的，难懂的
n. 建筑群；复合体；情结
6．____________ n. 线索，提示；迹象
7．____________ vt. 把(动物)关在笼中
n. 笼子
8．____________ adv. 到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外
9．____________ adj. 偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
10．____________ adj. 内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的
2．________ vt. & vi.(过去式________，过去分词________)(使)冻结，(使)冻住，(使)结冰
3．________ vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→________ n．含意，暗指
4．________ vt.发现，查明，侦察出→________ n．发现，侦查，察觉→________ n．警探，侦探
5．________ adj.相互矛盾的，对立的→________ vt. & vi.相矛盾，相反；反驳→________ n．矛盾，对立；反驳
6．________ vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→________ n．翻译；解释，诠释→________ n．口译者；表演者
7．________ n．耐心，忍耐力→________ adj.有耐心的
8．________ vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金→________ adj.值得做的，有益的；报酬高的
9．________ adv.始终，一直→________ adj.持续不断的；始终如一的
10．________ adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→________ adv.逻辑上，合乎逻辑地→________ n．逻辑；思维方式
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 超出某人的理解
2．________________ 发现，搜集，查明
3．________________ 渴望
4．________________ 努力做某事，争取做某事
5．________________ 把……放一边；留出
6．________________ 充满
7．________________ 逻辑思维
8．________________ 值得某人花费力气
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．当你开始读一首诗时，尽管你可能会问“这首诗是什么意思？”， 但最好是问“它听起来如何？”。
While you may ask “What does it mean？” ____________ reading a poem, it is better to ask “How does it sound？”
2．第二，走近这首诗，好像你是一个陌生风景中的探索者。
Second, approach the poem ____________________________．
3．只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。
____________________________________， it will have been worth your effort.
文本研析·语篇理解
Ⅰ.语篇结构
Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．When you start to read a poem, you are advised to ask “____________”．
A．What does it mean
B．Who wrote it
C．How does it sound
D．How was it produced
2．When you approach the poem like an explorer，what will appear in your mind
A．The rhythm.
B．The repeated words.
C．The rhymes.
D．Images.
3．When one has difficulty understanding a poem，what should be done
A．Give up reading it.
B．Ask others for help.
C．Put it aside and read it later.
D．Read it again and again until he/she understands it.
4．Which of the following will the lecture agree with
A．Readers should fully understand the poem.
B．Readers should keep thinking logically.
C．Readers should find out its inner beauty.
D．Readers should explore the background of the lecturer.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Poetry is a 1.________ (combine) of “sound” and “sense”. If you want to reveal the hidden dimension, the following methods should 2.________ (adopt).
First, even if its true meaning appears to be 3.________ your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. You can detect a rhythm, repeated words, rhymes and other special effects. Second, approach the poem as if you 4.________ (be) an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem, such as 5.________ is talking and who is being talked to and so on. Third, be 6.________ (patience) if you are struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem. Set the poem aside and come back to it later, then you can make your great discovery. Poems that 7.________ (constant) reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings are more interesting. Finally, when you abandon logical thinking, you can discover its inner beauty. It is worth 8.________ (make) efforts to perceive another level of meaning. Only in these 9.________ (way) can you enjoy your journey of the poetry, because poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you 10.________ (go) beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty.
教材助读·开放课堂
[教材原文]
How to read a poem
Poetry is a combination of① “sound” and “sense”. More than② any other type of literature, it usually implies③ a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page. So, how to reveal this hidden dimension④[1]
[1]过去分词作前置定语，修饰dimension
First, follow your ears. While you may ask “What does it mean？” as you begin reading a poem, it is better to ask “How does it sound？” Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp⑤， you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. Do you detect⑥ a rhythm Are there any repeated words, rhymes⑦ or other special effects All of these are good qualities to notice, and they may lead you to⑧ a better understanding of the poem in the end⑨. Read these lines to feel how they sound.
Sweet and low, sweet and low，
Wind of the western sea，
Low, low, breathe and blow，
Wind of the western sea!
Over the rolling waters go，
Come from the dying⑩ moon, and blow，
Blow him again to me；
While my little one, while my pretty one, sleeps.
(From “Sweet and Low” by Alfred Tennyson)
Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem. Who is talking Who is being talked to What is being described Is there a sense of place Are there other people or objects there As you explore the poem, you will begin to see images in your mind. What are those images, and what happens when they are put together ？ This combination is often complex or even contradictory . As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem. Read these lines, pay attention to the image of the caged bird and try to find out what it means[2].
[2]what引导的从句作find out的宾语
The caged bird sings
with a fearful trill
of things unknown
but longed for still
and his tune is heard
on the distant hill
for the caged bird
sings of freedom.
(From “Caged Bird” by Maya Angelou)
Third, if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort ， just have some patience . You cannot really understand a poem that you have only read once. Sometimes reading a poem can be a lifelong job. So if you do not get it, set the poem aside and come back to it later. As an explorer, you will not reach your goal immediately—you need to go on a journey to a remote and unknown destination. This may seem difficult at first ， but when you finally make your great discovery, your efforts will be rewarded . Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. Read these lines and try to find out what they mean.
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house is in the village though；
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
(From “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” by Robert Frost)
Finally, remember that you do not have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it[3]. You might need to abandon logical thinking to discover its true inner beauty[4]. As long as the journey of poetry reading makes
you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.
[3]副词作状语，修饰不定式时，常放在to后面
[4]不定式短语作目的状语
Poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you to go beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty. Enjoy your journey in the world of poetry！
[词汇注释]
①a combination of...
……的结合
②more than多于；超出
③imply/ m'pla /vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指
④dimension/da 'men n/n.
方面，侧面；规模，程度；维
⑤grasp/grɑ sp/n.理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解
※beyond one's grasp
无法理解
grasp at sth.
尽力抓住某物
⑥detect/d 'tekt/vt.发现，查明，侦察出
⑦rhyme/ra m/n.押韵词；押韵
vt.使押韵
vi.和……同韵
※rhyme(...) with sth.
(使……)与……押韵
⑧lead sb. to sth.引领某人……
⑨in the end
最后；终于；最终
⑩dying adj.没落的
put...together
组装……；组合……；把……放在一起
complex/'k mpleks/adj.复杂的，难懂的 n．建筑群；复合体；情结
contradictory/ k ntr 'd kt ri/adj.相互矛盾的，对立的
dig up发现，搜集，查明
clue/klu /n.线索，提示；迹象
※a clue to/about/as to...关于……的线索/提示
cage/ke d /vt.把(动物)关在笼中 n．笼子
find out找出，查明；发现
trill/tr l/n.(鸟的)啼啭；颤音
vt.欢快地高声说
vi.发颤音
long for渴望
struggle to do sth.
努力做某事
interpret/ n't pr t/vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译
painstaking adj.需细心的；辛苦的；需专注的(通常用于名词前作定语)
with much effort
付出很大努力
patience/'pe ns/n.耐心，忍耐力
※have no/little patience with不能容忍……
with patience耐心地
lose/run out of patience (with)
(对……)失去耐心
set sth. aside把……放一边；留出
※aside/ 'sa d/adv.到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外
come back to
回到……；返回……
reach one's goal
达到某人的目标
go on a journey去旅行
remote/r 'm t/adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
at first起先，首先；最初
reward/r 'w d/vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金
※reward sb. for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事而奖励某人
in reward for
作为对……的报答
as a reward for
作为对……的奖赏
constantly/'k nst ntli/adv.始终，一直
logical/'l d kl/adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的
inner/' n (r)/adj.内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的
perceive/p 'si v/vt.注意到，意识到；将……理解为，将……视为
※perceive sb./sth. as
将……视为……
in a(n)...way
以一种……的方式
allow sb. to do sth.
使某人能够做某事；允许某人做某事
reality/ri' l ti/n.现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历
※in reality事实上，实际上
face/accept reality
面对/接受现实
[汉语译文]
如何阅读诗歌
诗歌是“音”与“意”的融合。与其他任何文学类型相比，诗歌通常隐含着超越字面的更深层含义。那么，如何揭示隐藏的这个方面呢？
首先，凭听觉的指引。当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问：“这是什么意思？”但最好问一句：“它听起来怎么样？”即使你也许把握不住这首诗的真正含义，但是当你朗读时，你总是可以说说这首诗听上去如何。你能感觉到节奏吗？有没有重复词、押韵或其他特别的效果？所有这些都是值得注意的好的特质，它们可能最终会帮助你更好地理解这首诗。朗读下面这几句诗，感受它们的音律。
轻轻地，柔和地；轻轻地，柔和地，
西边的海风，
吹过，拂过，轻轻，轻轻，
西边的海风！
来自月色朦胧，
拂过波涛汹涌，
请将他再吹向我；
当我的小宝贝，小可爱，已入梦。
(摘自阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生《轻轻地，柔和地》)
第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。问自己一些关于这首诗的基本问题。说话的是谁？正在和谁说话？描述的是什么？有感觉到某个地点吗？那里还有其他人或物吗？当你探索这首诗的时候，你的脑海会开始浮现一些画面。这些画面是什么？把它们组合起来会发生什么？这种组合通常是复杂的，甚至是矛盾的。当你慢慢探索周围环境时，你会开始挖掘线索，这些线索会让你更好地理解这首诗。读下面这几句诗，注意“笼中鸟”的形象，试着弄清它意味着什么。
笼中之鸟，撕心裂肺，
啼啭啾啾
所唱是未知之物，
却依然渴求
歌声传到了
远处的山丘
因为笼中的鸟儿
在歌唱自由。
(摘自玛雅·安吉洛《笼中鸟》)
第三，如果你下了很大的功夫可还是纠结于理解一首诗的意思，那就耐心一点吧。你不可能真正理解只读过一遍的诗。有时，读懂一首诗可能是一辈子的事。所以如果你没有读懂某首诗，那就暂且先放在一边，以后再读。作为一个探索者，你不会立刻抵达你的目标——你需要踏上旅程，去一个遥远未知的目的地。这一开始可能看起来很难，但当你最终有了重大发现时，你的努力将得到回报。有些诗的深层内涵和之前未领会的意义会不断显现，相比之下，那些浅显的诗往往倒没那么有趣了。读下面这几句诗，看看是什么意思吧。
我想我知道这片林子的主人，
尽管他住在山村。
他不会见我驻足于此，
凝视着他积满白雪的树林。
(摘自罗伯特·弗罗斯特《雪夜林边小驻》)
最后请记住，欣赏一首诗，并非得完全理解它不可。你可能需要抛开逻辑思维以发现诗歌真正的内在美。只要读诗之旅能让你有所感触，或使你领悟到另一层含义，那你的努力就是值得的。
诗歌“音”与“意”的结合，让你用一种新的方式看待世界，让你超越普通的现实，追求永恒之美。在诗歌的世界里享受你的旅程吧！
核心突破·互动探究
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1)frozen adj.冰封的，结冰的；冷冻的；冻僵的 freeze vt. & vi.(froze, frozen)结冰；冷冻；冻结 vi.突然停止，呆住 freezing adj.极冷；冰冻的 adv.极冷地；冰冻地 n．冰点)
(1)freeze to death 冻死
be frozen to death 被冻死
be frozen with/in sth. 因某事惊呆
be frozen with/in shock 惊呆
be frozen with/in fright/horror 吓呆
frozen water 结冰的水
(2)freezing point 冰点
above/below freezing 冰点以上/以下
freezing cold 非常冷的
freezing weather 冰冻天气
freezing water 冰冷的水
Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.冷冻的香蕉可以保存几个星期，这取决于它们的成熟度和冰箱的温度。
I'm absolutely frozen！我简直冻僵了！
She stared at him, frozen with shock.她惊呆了，直瞪着他。
One boy，aged about 11，looks frozen with fright.
一个大约11岁的男孩吓得一动不动。
Fresh water freezes at 0 ℃.淡水在零摄氏度结冰。
It may freeze tonight，so bring those plants inside.
今晚可能很冷，所以把那些植物搬进来。
It's very cold today；the temperature has dropped to freezing point.今天很冷；气温已经降至冰点了。
语境助记
On a freezing cold night, the duck was frozen to death on the frozen lake.
在一个寒冷的夜晚，鸭子在冰封的湖面上冻死了。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Americans always drive to supermarkets to buy canned and ____________ (freeze) foods for the week.
②The young soldier was frozen ____________ death in the snow，with his hands still holding onto the gun.
③As he spoke，he stopped suddenly, frozen ____________ terror.
④Heilongjiang Province is located in the northeast part of China，so it's ____________ (freeze) cold in winter.
⑤On hearing the shocking news，he ____________ (freeze) at the door.
2)imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指)
(1)imply agreement/conflicts/duties/a lack of interest/happiness
意味着同意/冲突/责任/缺乏兴趣/幸福
as the name implies 顾名思义
imply by 用……暗示
imply that... 意味着
(2)implication n. 暗示，言外之意
by implication 言外之意
Their failure to reply to our letter seems to imply a lack of interest.他们没有回我们的信，似乎暗示出他们缺乏兴趣。
Familiarity does not necessarily imply deep friendship.
熟悉未必意味着深厚的友情。
Floating rate loans, as the name implies, have a variable interest rate.浮动利率贷款，顾名思义，利率是可变的。
What do you imply by that statement？你的声明暗示了什么？
Are you implying (that) I am wrong？你的意思是说我错了？
He gave a long account of his troubles; by implication, he needed financial aid.
他摆了一大堆困难，言外之意是他需要助学金。
特别提示
imply还有“说明，表明”的意思，此时相当于suggest.
The teacher's smile implied that she had forgiven me.
老师的微笑表明她已经原谅了我。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①I'm not ____________ (imply) anything about your cooking, but could we eat out tonight
②Her statement ____________ (imply) a lack of confidence in the management of the company.
③A connection between the events has been ____________ (imply) in several news reports.
④He is by ____________ (imply) requesting me to resign.
3)grasp n.理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解)
(1)within one's grasp 在某人能力的范围内
beyond one's grasp 某人无法理解
(2)grasp sb. by the hand/arm 抓住某人的手/手臂
grasp the basic concept of 掌握……的基本概念
grasp a chance/an opportunity 急忙抓住机会，毫不犹豫地抓住机会
grasp the opportunity/chance to do sth.
抓住机会做某事
grasp the spirit of... 掌握、领会某事的精神实质
These complex formulas are beyond the grasp of the average pupils.这复杂的公式是普通小学生不能理解的。
I've always had a good grasp of English language thanks to my mum who started me reading when I was very little.
我一直精通英语，多亏了我妈妈，在我很小的时候她就让我开始读英文。
At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.
在那时，我们没有完全明白所发生之事的重要性。
Luke took her arm in a firm grasp and led her through the gate.
＝Luke grasped her by the arm firmly and led her through the gate.
卢克紧紧地抓住她的胳膊，领她进了大门。
He grasped the handles on both sides of the box，and gathered all his strength to lift it.
他抓住箱子两边的把手，拼尽全力把它提起来。
I grasped the opportunity to return to my motherland to work.
我毫不犹豫地抓住了回祖国工作的机会。
特别提示
表示理解语言词汇或文章等时，只能用understand，不能用grasp.如：
I don't understand French/the instructions.
我不懂法语。/我看不懂这个说明书。
即学即练 判断下列句子中grasp的词性及含义/结合grasp的用法完成句子
①Color is fundamental in home design — something you'll always have in every room.A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in.____________
②Grasp my hand and I'll pull you over the wall.____________
③I think I grasped the main points of the speech.____________
④她准备好抓住一切机遇拓展业务。
She is ready to ____________ to expand the business.
⑤他们现在精通多门外语。
They ____________ many foreign languages now.
4)detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出 detective n．侦探 detectable adj.可检测的；可发觉的 detection n．侦查，探测；发现 detector n．检测器；探测器；侦察器)
(1)detect the disease 查出疾病
detect some anger in his voice 在他的声音中听出一些怒气
detect the secret 发现秘密
(2)detective fiction 侦探小说
a detective story/novel 侦探故事/小说
the detection of crime 对罪行的侦查
escape/avoid detection 逃避侦查
a smoke detector 烟雾检测器
a metal detector 金属探测器
The tests are designed to detect the disease early.
这些检查旨在早期查出疾病。
Arnold could detect a certain sadness in the old man's face.
阿诺德能察觉到老人脸上的某种悲伤。
The detective committed himself to keep the secret for the professor.侦探承诺为教授保守秘密。
To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector，one should make certain the red light is working.
为了确保烟雾探测器的安全运行，(我们)应确保红灯正常工作。
With a metal detector, the detective detected another cell phone hidden in the thief's pocket.It is obvious that the detection made the thief nervous.
侦探用金属探测器发现小偷口袋里藏着另一部手机。很明显，这个发现使小偷很紧张。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Some sounds cannot ____________ (detect) by the human ear.
②Recently，financial experts ____________ (detect) signs that the economy is beginning to improve.
③The alarm will go off automatically as soon as smoke ____________ (detect).
④She hired ____________ private detective to find out if her husband was having an affair.
⑤During the investigation，two ____________ (detect) assumed the identities of antique dealers.
⑥These tests can result in the early ____________ (detect) of the disease.
⑦Motion ____________ (detect) help monitor elderly residents who live alone.
5)contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的 contradict vi.& vt.反驳；批驳；与……矛盾)
(1)self-contradictory 自相矛盾的
contradictory information 相互矛盾的信息
contradictory attitudes 互相矛盾的态度
be contradictory to 与……相矛盾
the contradictory statements 互相矛盾的陈述
contradictory advice 相互矛盾的建议
(2)contradict each other 相互矛盾
contradict oneself 自相矛盾
Don't contradict! 别顶嘴！
(3)contradiction n. 反驳；批驳；矛盾
in (direct) contradiction to... 与……相反；和……背道而驰
The two apparently contradictory opinions are within my grasp.
我能理解这两个显然相互矛盾的观点。
The statement is contradictory to information given in the passage.这个陈述与文章中所给的信息是矛盾的。
In confusion, he kept contradicting himself.
慌乱中，他不断地说出自相矛盾的话来。
His private actions are in direct contradiction to his publicly expressed opinions.他私下的行为与他公开表达的看法背道而驰。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Some recent research has come out with results that at first sight seem ____________ (contradict).
②I find no ________________ (contradict) between his publicly expressed opinions and his private actions.
③This is contradictory ____________ what you said before.
④But the information I got was rich and varied, or even ____________________________(contradict).
6)patience n.耐心，忍耐力)
have the patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事
be out of patience with... 对……失去耐性；(对某人)失去耐心
lose patience with... 对……失去耐性
require/take patience 需要耐心
with patience (＝patiently) 耐心地
(have) patience 耐心点(用于劝告别人)
have no patience for sb. 无法容忍某人
My mother is a good listener who has great patience.
我母亲是一个很有耐心且善于倾听的人。
He walked so slowly that his elder brother lost patience with him.
他走得如此慢，以至于他哥哥对他失去了耐心。
Whenever I made mistakes，the teacher pointed them out with patience.
无论我什么时候犯错，老师都耐心地指出它们。
My father is lively and energetic, but he is not very patient.
我的父亲精力充沛、充满活力，但他不是很有耐心。
The patients are taken good care of in the hospital.
病人们在医院里被照顾得很好。
She is patient with her children.
她对她的孩子们很有耐心。
归纳拓展
patient adj. 有耐心的；能忍耐的
n．病人
impatient adj. 没耐心的；不耐烦的
patiently adv. 耐心地
impatience n. 不耐烦；无耐心
搭配
be patient with对……有耐心
be impatient with对……不耐烦
The patient doctor is always treating her patients with great patience. Being impatient will cause bad results.
那位有耐心的医生总是耐心对待她的病人。没有耐心会导致不好的结果。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①You are very patient ____________ your brother.
②—Why didn't you go fishing with your friends yesterday
—Well, fishing is a hobby which calls for a great deal of ____________(patient)，which I don't have.
③Hospital ____________ (patient) who see tree branches out of their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
④I waited ____________ (patient) until the oil was hot.
⑤Wang Peng felt annoyed and ____________ (patient) when he failed to attract customers to his restaurant.
7)set sth. aside 暂时不考虑(或放一放)；留出，省出(钱或时间)把……搁到一边，把……放到一旁)
I warned them not to do it, but they just set aside my warning.
我警告过他们不要那样做，但他们不理会我的警告。
Some doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for exercise.一些医生每天留出一定时间来锻炼。
The bank set aside ￡1.1 billion to cover bad debts from business failures.
银行留出了11亿英镑来支付生意失败导致的坏账。
I set aside my overcoat and took out my summer clothes.
我把大衣放起来，拿出了夏天的衣服。
Setting aside the chair, he sat on the floor.
他把椅子搁到一边，坐在了地板上。
Mike set aside his documents and suggested seriously that his wife (should) set aside some money for the family，but she just set aside his suggestion.
迈克把自己的文件搁在一边，然后郑重地建议妻子为家里留一些钱，但她就是不理会他的建议。
其他常用的“动词＋aside”型短语
put aside不考虑；储存
lay aside把……放在一边；留存备用
leave aside搁置一边；不考虑
stand aside站在一边；不参与
即学即练 判断下面句子中set aside的含义/单句写作
①After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college，working to pay her tuition (学费)，because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.____________
②He liked the lovely dog so much that he set aside his book and played with it immediately.____________
③It's too stressful to try to deal with all your problems at once. Choose what's the most urgent and set aside the rest temporarily.____________
④无论多忙，我们都应该抽点时间陪陪我们的父母。
________________________________________________________________________
8)reality n.现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历)
dream and reality 梦想与现实
virtual reality 虚拟现实
make the flying car a reality 让飞行汽车成为现实
face reality 面对现实
accept reality 接受现实
escape from reality 逃避现实
in reality 实际上
turn...into reality 把……变成现实
turn our dream into reality 把我们的梦想变为现实
become a reality 实现
bring...back to reality 使……回到现实
The reality is that... 实际情况是……
When meeting with difficulties，one should face reality and try to solve the difficulties instead of escaping from reality.
当一个人遭遇困难的时候，应该面对现实，努力解决困难，而不是逃避现实。
We thought that gentleman was a professor，but in reality he was just a thief.
我们原以为那位绅士是个教授，但实际上他只不过是个小偷。
We're only a day away，and that's when expectations turn into reality or disappointment.
我们只剩一天了，到时，期待要么成真要么落空。
The reality of the situation is that unless we find some new funding soon，the youth center will have to close.
实际情况是，除非我们很快找到一些新的资金，否则青年中心将不得不关闭。
We have to be realistic about our chances of winning.
我们必须实事求是地估计我们获胜的可能性。
It is not realistic to expect people to spend so much money.
期望人们花那么多的钱是不实际的。
She never realized her ambition of winning an Olympic gold medal.
她一直未能实现赢得一枚奥运会金牌的梦想。
归纳拓展
real adj.真的，真实的；真正的
realistic adj.现实的；实际的；逼真的
be realistic about...对……抱现实态度
realize vt.实现；意识到；明白
语境助记
The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, allowing for a new generation of virtual reality．
6G的速度将超过每秒125GB，使得新一代的虚拟现实技术成为可能。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Romantic novels provide an escape from ____________ (real).
②The reality is ____________ there is not enough money to pay for this project.
③He told the police he was out of town，but ____________ reality, he never went anywhere.
④Though one should have dreams, it's not ____________ (real) to exist on dreams.
⑤Let's be realistic ____________ this—I just can't afford to pay that much money for a house.
⑥Ten years later her dream ____________ (realize).
9)hold fast to sth.紧紧抓住某物；坚信某事)
hold to sth. 信奉(信念、原则等)；信守(诺言)
hold on to 紧紧抓住
hold up 支撑，举起；延迟，阻碍
hold out 伸出(手)；维持，坚持
hold on 别挂断电话；等会儿；坚持住
He held fast to his principles.他坚持自己的原则。
即学即练 完成句子
—Is Peter there？彼得在吗？
—________________， please. I'll see if I can find him for you.
请不要挂断。我看能不能帮你找到他。
10)dimension n.方面，侧面；规模，程度；维 -dimensional (构成形容词)……维的)
(1)the moral dimension of world politics 世界政治的道德方面
add a new dimension (to sth.) (给某物)增加新内容
have a spiritual dimension 拥有精神层面的内容
the fourth dimension 第四度空间；第四维
a large dimension 大规模
the dimension of the table 桌子的面积
another dimension to a problem 问题的另一方面
(2)two-dimensional space 二维空间
You are not going to be able to control the dimensions of this plan.你将无法控制这个计划的各个方面。
Most of the dolls out there are just plain happy or expressionless and that's what makes them dull and one-dimensional.
市面上的大多数玩具娃娃都只有单纯的笑脸或者面无表情，所以它们是呆板的、一维的。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子
①There is another dimension ________ this problem which you haven't considered.
②她的工作为她的生活增添了新的内容。
Her job ________________________________________ to her life. 第二版块|重点句型解构
1)(教材原句)While you may ask “What does it mean？” as you begin reading a poem, it is better to ask “How does it sound？”
当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问：“这是什么意思？”但最好问一句：“它听起来怎么样？”)
[句式分析] 本句中as引导的是时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候；一边……一边……；随着”。as作为连词，引导从句的几种情况：
(1)引导时间状语从句：当……的时候，随着……
As she sang, tears ran down her cheeks.
她唱歌时，眼泪从脸颊流下。
As she grew older, she gained confidence.
随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了。
As time went by (＝With time going by), I gradually forgot the unhappy memory.随着时间的流逝，我渐渐忘记了不开心的回忆。
(2)原因状语从句：因为，由于
As you were out，I left a message.
因为你不在，所以我留了一张字条儿。
She may need some help as she's new.
因为她是新来的，所以她可能需要一些帮助。
(3)让步状语从句：尽管，虽然，即使
Happy as they were，there was something missing.
尽管他们很快乐，但总缺少点什么。
Try as he might (＝However hard he tried)，he couldn't open the door.他想尽了办法也没能打开门。
Child as he is，he knows three foreign languages.
尽管他是个孩子，但他懂三种外语。
Much as I like it，I won't buy it，for it's too expensive.
虽然我很喜欢它，但我不会买的，因为它太贵了。
(4)方式状语从句：照……的方式
They did as I had asked.他们是按照我的要求做的。
Leave the papers as they are.别去动那些文件。
(5)比较状语从句：as...as...跟……一样……；not as/so...as...不如……
Lucy is as beautiful a girl as Alice.露西跟爱丽丝是一样漂亮的女孩。
(6)定语从句：正如，如同，这一点
As you know，Julia is leaving soon.你是知道的，朱莉娅马上要离开了。
语境助记
①She's very tall, as is her mother．
她个子很高，和她母亲一样。
②I don't think he's been watering these plants—the soil is as dry as a bone.
我想他没有给这些植物浇水——土壤干透了。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①I saw him ____________ I was coming into the building.
②Everyone cheered ____________ the winners received their medals.
③He gets more attractive ____________ he gets older.
④____________ it was getting late，I decided to book into a hotel.
⑤Angry ____________ he was，he couldn't help smiling.
2)(教材原句)Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape．,第二，读诗时你就好像是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。)
[句式分析] 本句中as if引导的方式状语从句，且从句使用了虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情况。
as if(＝as though)意为“似乎，好像”，可引导表语从句(一般置于系动词look, seem，appear等之后)和方式状语从句。若从句表示真实的情况或将来实现的可能性较大的情况，从句用陈述语气；若从句表示的是非真实的情况或将来实现的可能性不大的情况，那么从句用虚拟语气。
(1)表示与现在的事实相反的情况时，从句谓语用一般过去时(be动词通常用were)。
She always talks to me as if/as though she were my elder sister.
她总是以姐姐的口气跟我说话。(她不是我姐姐)
(2)表示与过去的事实相反的情况时，从句谓语用“had＋过去分词”。
He talked about Rome as if/as though he had been there before.
他说起罗马来就好像他以前去过那里似的。(以前没去过)
(3)表示将来实现的可能性较小的情况时，从句谓语用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
He talks gladly as if/as though he would be our monitor.
他高兴地谈论着，好像要成为我们的班长似的。(他成为我们的班长的可能性较小), 特别提示
as if/as though引导从句时，用何种语气取决于说话者。如果说话者所说之事有明显的依据，那么从句就用陈述语气；如果说话者所说之事没有依据，只是想表达一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，那么就用虚拟语气。
Mary speaks in a very loud voice as if she is angry.玛丽说话声音很高，好像生气了。(真的生气了)
Mary speaks in a very loud voice as if she were angry.玛丽说话声音很高，好像生气了。(其实没有生气)
即学即练 单句语法填空
①When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it ____________ (be) broken.
②It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I ____________ (do) it
③I don't know why she is looking at me as if she ____________ (know) me. I've never seen her before.
3)(教材原句)As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.
只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。)
[句式分析] 本句是复合句，as long as引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”。
(1)只要。用于引导条件状语从句，可与so long as互换。
Try to learn from your mistakes and bitter failures.It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere.
试着从你的错误和痛苦的失败中学习。只要你坚持不懈，这最终会让你成功的。
(2)长达……，达……之久。属于“as...as...”结构。
You can stay for as long as you want.
你想逗留多久就逗留多久。
The fruit should be left on the tree as long as possible.
应该让水果尽可能在树上多生长一些时间。
(3)一直，整个时间里。
I have a special place in my heart for libraries.I have for as long as I can remember.
在我的内心深处有一个特殊的地方存放图书馆。我有记忆以来我心里就有这个地方。, 即学即练 完成句子
①晚饭后，她常常坐在炉边，有时候长达一个小时，回忆她幸福的日子。
After supper, she would often sit by the fire, sometimes for __________________________， thinking back to her happy days.
②只要天气好我们就去。
We will go _________________________________________________________.
③吉姆说 只要我们保持房子干净和整洁，我们就可以住在他的房子里。
Jim says we can stay in his house ______________________ we leave it clean and tidy.
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．For years this land remained ____________ (贫瘠的) and isolated, which has generated the government's high attention.
2．It was bitterly cold and the ground was ____________ (冰冻的) hard.
3．These plain points are easy to ____________ (理解) for the average pupil.
4．Overall, the tests are designed to ____________ (发现) the disease early.
5．I knew very well that the problem was more ____________ (复杂的) than he estimated.
6．She couldn't understand much complicated English sentences so her children had to ____________ (口译) for her.
7．Winning the match was just a ____________ (回报)for the effort the outstanding team had made.
8．I moved out to California in sorrow without any ____________ (线索) about what I might do after graduation.
9．It was a ____________ (符合逻辑的) conclusion from the child's perspective.
10．Timeless loving relationships that a child makes will give him an ____________ (内心的) sense of liberation.
11．He ____________ (意识到) that he should form a small group of like-minded business owners.
12．It's ____________ (值得花钱的) for me to pay the higher price for the historic spots.
13．Smartphones make it more realistic to check ____________ (事实), watch video clips and read weibo.
14．The last two lines of this poem don't ____________ (押韵) precisely.
15．Would that ____________ (暗示) the success of women's liberation
16．The task requires extraordinary ____________ (耐心) and being ambitious.
17．You will open a new ____________ (维度) to your life and can arrange your life orderly.
Ⅱ.短语填空
in the end, dig up, more than, in the world of, find out, set aside, go on, come back to, fill up, as long as, hold fast to, beyond one's grasp, put...together, as a reward for, in reality, lose patience with
1．There's no need to ____________ your overall backyard, either.
2．It's realistic to ____________ some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful.
3．I'm ____________ happy to show you around our gallery.
4．He tried various careers and ____________ became an accountant.
5．We ____________ that our students have enormous interest in this subject.
6．Can I ____________ the question of political power once again
7．This economic crisis can't ____________. We need to take action to solve this problem.
8．Warehouses at the frontier between the two countries ____________ with sacks of garlic.
9．Professor Krauss has been a moving force ____________ academic art criticism.
10．He said he would still advocate them, ____________ they could solve this crisis.
11．We can only try to ____________ the age-old values of honesty, ambition, decency and politeness.
12．I perceive that I can't solve the crisis because this question is ____________．
13．Let's ________ these mushrooms ________ so that we can take them home.
14．____________ his bravery, the soldier was given a gold medal.
15．He said that he had arranged a place to eat, but ____________ he didn't.
16．If he doesn't put the effort in then we will ____________ the outstanding boy.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Everyone who reaches the top of Mount Tai is rewarded ____________ a magnificent view.
2．China's approach to ____________ (protect) its environment while feeding its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
3．The unusual twists (转折) of the film ____________ (freeze) are what make it special.
4．The security officials have made a series of ____________ (contradict) statements about the equipment.
5．I was ____________ (constant) trying to figure out what time it was suitable to go back home.
6．At last she told me that I should face the ____________ (real) bravely and grasp the opportunity immediately.
7．Stress ____________ mostly ____________ (perceive) as contributing to the bad mood.
8．How shall you hold fat ____________ your own faith and make your life dominated by yourself
9．It ____________ (imply) that the crops with a bad harvest would be a burden to their family.
10．She stood on the balcony to enjoy the landscape out of the window, ____________ (detect) a boy reading aloud.
11．June always rhymes ____________ moon in the song The Neighborhood.
12．The children helped their parents to dig ____________ garlic.
13．I didn't know whether to interpret her perspective ____________ acceptance or refusal.
14．Non-violence and ____________ (patient) are the basic perspectives of their belief.
15．She started singing to the elderly in the shade and ____________ (reward) with a smile.
16．The dogs ____________ (cage) up at night in the neighborhood to relieve their danger to humans.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．玛丽对聚会的描述非常生动，我觉得自己好像在那里一样。
Mary's description of the party was so vivid that I felt ____________________________. (as if)
2．只要她学会办公室的常规工作，她就是极好的助手。
____________________________，she will be an excellent assistant.(as long as)
3．我每天留出一个小时来复习学过的内容。
____________________________ to review what I have learnt.(set aside)
4．这篇文章的医学术语太多了，我完全理解不了。
The article has too many medical terms which ____________________________．(beyond，grasp)
Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果实的 2.方面，侧面；规模，程度；维
3．grasp 4.押韵词；押韵 使押韵 和……同韵 5.complex
6．clue 7.cage 8.aside 9.remote 10.inner
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．frozen 2.freeze; froze; frozen 3.imply; implication
4．detect; detection; detective 5.contradictory; contradict; contradiction 6.interpret; interpretation; interpreter
7．patience; patient 8.reward; rewarding 9.constantly; constant 10.logical; logically; logic
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．beyond one's grasp 2.dig up 3.long for 4.struggle to do sth. 5.set sth. aside 6.fill up with... 7.logical thinking
8．be worth one's effort
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．as you begin
2．as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape
3．As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning
文本研析·语篇理解
Ⅰ.语篇结构
1．hidden 2.Follow your ears 3.where 4.patience
5．Abandon logical thinking
Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．C 2.D 3.C 4.C
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
1．combination 2.be adopted 3.beyond 4.were 5.who
6．patient 7.constantly 8.making 9.ways 10.to go
核心突破·互动探究
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1．①frozen ②to ③in/with ④freezing ⑤froze
2．①implying ②implies ③implied ④implication
3．①n. 理解，领会 ②vt.抓牢，抓紧 ③vt.理解，领会
④grasp any opportunity/chance ⑤have a good grasp of
4．①be detected ②have detected ③is detected ④a
⑤detectives ⑥detection ⑦detectors
5．①contradictory ②contradiction ③to ④contradictory
6．①with ②patience ③patients ④patiently ⑤impatient
7．①留出(钱) ②把……放到一旁 ③暂时不考虑
④However busy, we should set aside some time to accompany our parents.
8．①reality ②that ③in ④realistic ⑤about ⑥was realized
9．Hold on
10．①to ②added a new dimension
第二版块|重点句型解构
1．①as ②as ③as ④As ⑤as
2．①were ②had done ③knew
3．①as long as an hour ②as long as the weather is good
③as long as
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．barren 2.frozen 3.grasp 4.detect 5.complex
6．interpret 7.reward 8.clue 9.logical 10.inner
11．perceives 12.worthwhile 13.reality 14.rhyme
15．imply 16.patience 17.dimension
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．dig up 2.set aside 3.more than 4.in the end 5.find out 6.come back to 7.go on 8.fill up 9.in the world of
10．as long as 11.hold fast to 12.beyond my grasp
13．put; together 14.As a reward for 15.in reality
16．lose patience with
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．with 2.protecting 3.Frozen 4.contradictory
5．constantly 6.reality 7.is; perceived 8.to 9.was implied
10．detecting 11.with 12.up 13.as 14.patience 15.was rewarded 16.are caged
Ⅳ. 完成句子
1．as if I had been there 2.As long as she learns the office routine 3.I set aside one hour every day 4.are totally beyond my grasp
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共179张PPT)
Section A Welcome to the unit & Reading
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．barren adj. _______________________
2．dimension n. _______________________
3．____________ n. 理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及
vt. 抓紧；领会，理解
4．rhyme n. ____________
vt. ____________
vi. ____________
贫瘠的，不毛的；不结果实的
方面，侧面；规模，程度；维
grasp
押韵词；押韵
使押韵
和……同韵
5．____________ adj. 复杂的，难懂的
n. 建筑群；复合体；情结
6．____________ n. 线索，提示；迹象
7．____________ vt. 把(动物)关在笼中
n. 笼子
8．____________ adv. 到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外
9．____________ adj. 偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
10．____________ adj. 内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的
complex
clue
cage
aside
remote
inner
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的
2．________ vt. & vi.(过去式________，过去分词________)(使)冻结，(使)冻住，(使)结冰
3．________ vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指→________ n．含意，暗指
4．________ vt.发现，查明，侦察出→________ n．发现，侦查，察觉→________ n．警探，侦探
frozen
freeze
froze
frozen
imply
implication
detect
detection
detective
5．____________ adj.相互矛盾的，对立的→________ vt. & vi.相矛盾，相反；反驳→____________ n．矛盾，对立；反驳
6．________ vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译→__________ n．翻译；解释，诠释→________ n．口译者；表演者
7．________ n．耐心，忍耐力→________ adj.有耐心的
8．________ vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金→________ adj.值得做的，有益的；报酬高的
contradictory
contradict
contradiction
interpret
interpretation
interpreter
patience
patient
reward
rewarding
9．________ adv.始终，一直→________ adj.持续不断的；始终如一的
10．________ adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的→________ adv.逻辑上，合乎逻辑地→________ n．逻辑；思维方式
constantly
constant
logical
logically
logic
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 超出某人的理解
2．________________ 发现，搜集，查明
3．________________ 渴望
4．________________ 努力做某事，争取做某事
5．________________ 把……放一边；留出
6．________________ 充满
7．________________ 逻辑思维
8．________________ 值得某人花费力气
beyond one's grasp
dig up
long for
struggle to do sth.
set sth. aside
fill up with...
logical thinking
be worth one's effort
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．当你开始读一首诗时，尽管你可能会问“这首诗是什么意思？”， 但最好是问“它听起来如何？”。
While you may ask “What does it mean？” ____________ reading a poem, it is better to ask “How does it sound？”
2．第二，走近这首诗，好像你是一个陌生风景中的探索者。
Second, approach the poem __________________________________．
as you begin
as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape
3．只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。
______________________________________________________________________________， it will have been worth your effort.
As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning
Ⅰ.语篇结构
1．hidden 2.Follow your ears 3.where 4.patience 5．Abandon logical thinking
Ⅱ.根据课文内容选择正确答案
1．When you start to read a poem, you are advised to ask “________”．
A．What does it mean
B．Who wrote it
C．How does it sound
D．How was it produced
C
2．When you approach the poem like an explorer，what will appear in your mind
A．The rhythm.
B．The repeated words.
C．The rhymes.
D．Images.
D
3．When one has difficulty understanding a poem，what should be done
A．Give up reading it.
B．Ask others for help.
C．Put it aside and read it later.
D．Read it again and again until he/she understands it.
C
4．Which of the following will the lecture agree with
A．Readers should fully understand the poem.
B．Readers should keep thinking logically.
C．Readers should find out its inner beauty.
D．Readers should explore the background of the lecturer.
C
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Poetry is a 1.________ (combine) of “sound” and “sense”. If you want to reveal the hidden dimension, the following methods should 2.________ (adopt).
First, even if its true meaning appears to be 3.________ your grasp, you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. You can detect a rhythm, repeated words, rhymes and other special effects.
combination
be adopted
beyond
Second, approach the poem as if you 4.________ (be) an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem, such as 5.________ is talking and who is being talked to and so on. Third, be 6.________ (patience) if you are struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem. Set the poem aside and come back to it later, then you can make your great discovery. Poems that 7.________ (constant) reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings are more interesting. Finally, when you abandon logical thinking, you can discover its inner beauty.
were
who
patient
constantly
It is worth 8.________ (make) efforts to perceive another level of meaning. Only in these 9.________ (way) can you enjoy your journey of the poetry, because poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you 10.________ (go) beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty.
making
ways
to go
[教材原文]
How to read a poem
Poetry is a combination of① “sound” and “sense”. More than② any other type of literature, it usually implies③ a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page. So, how to reveal this hidden dimension④[1]
[1]过去分词作前置定语，修饰dimension
First, follow your ears. While you may ask “What does it mean？” as you begin reading a poem, it is better to ask “How does it sound？” Even if its true meaning appears to be beyond your grasp⑤， you can always say something about how the poem sounds when you read it aloud. Do you detect⑥ a rhythm Are there any repeated words, rhymes⑦ or other special effects All of these are good qualities to notice, and they may lead you to⑧ a better understanding of the poem in the end⑨. Read these lines to feel how they sound.
Sweet and low, sweet and low，
Wind of the western sea，
Low, low, breathe and blow，
Wind of the western sea!
Over the rolling waters go，
Come from the dying⑩ moon, and blow，
Blow him again to me；
While my little one, while my pretty one, sleeps.
(From “Sweet and Low” by Alfred Tennyson)
Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic questions about the poem. Who is talking Who is being talked to What is being described Is there a sense of place Are there other people or objects there As you explore the poem, you will begin to see images in your mind. What are those images, and what happens when they are put together ？ This combination is often complex or even contradictory .
As you slowly explore your surroundings, you will start to dig up clues that give you a greater understanding of the poem. Read these lines, pay attention to the image of the caged bird and try to find out what it means[2].
[2]what引导的从句作find out的宾语
The caged bird sings
with a fearful trill
of things unknown
but longed for still
and his tune is heard
on the distant hill
for the caged bird
sings of freedom.
(From “Caged Bird” by Maya Angelou)
Third, if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem even with much painstaking effort ， just have some patience . You cannot really understand a poem that you have only read once. Sometimes reading a poem can be a lifelong job. So if you do not get it, set the poem aside and come back to it later. As an explorer, you will not reach your goal immediately—you need to go on a journey to a remote and unknown destination. This may seem difficult at first ， but when you finally make your great discovery, your efforts will be rewarded .
Poems that are easy to understand are often less interesting than those that constantly reveal deeper and previously unrecognized meanings. Read these lines and try to find out what they mean.
Whose woods these are I think I know.
His house is in the village though；
He will not see me stopping here
To watch his woods fill up with snow.
(From “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening” by Robert Frost)
Finally, remember that you do not have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it[3]. You might need to abandon logical thinking to discover its true inner beauty[4]. As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.
[3]副词作状语，修饰不定式时，常放在to后面
[4]不定式短语作目的状语
Poetry's combination of “sound” and “sense” makes you see the world in a new way and allows you to go beyond normal reality for the everlasting beauty. Enjoy your journey in the world of poetry！
[词汇注释]
①a combination of...
……的结合
②more than多于；超出
③imply/ m'pla /vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指
④dimension/da 'men n/n.
方面，侧面；规模，程度；维
⑤grasp/grɑ sp/n.理解，领会；抓紧，握紧，控制；能力所及 vt.抓紧；领会，理解
※beyond one's grasp
无法理解
grasp at sth.
尽力抓住某物
⑥detect/d 'tekt/vt.发现，查明，侦察出
⑦rhyme/ra m/n.押韵词；押韵
vt.使押韵
vi.和……同韵
※rhyme(...) with sth.
(使……)与……押韵
⑧lead sb. to sth.引领某人……
⑨in the end
最后；终于；最终
⑩dying adj.没落的
put...together
组装……；组合……；把……放在一起
complex/'k mpleks/adj.复杂的，难懂的 n．建筑群；复合体；情结
contradictory/ k ntr 'd kt ri/adj.相互矛盾的，对立的
dig up发现，搜集，查明
clue/klu /n.线索，提示；迹象
※a clue to/about/as to...关于……的线索/提示
cage/ke d /vt.把(动物)关在笼中 n．笼子
find out找出，查明；发现
trill/tr l/n.(鸟的)啼啭；颤音
vt.欢快地高声说
vi.发颤音
long for渴望
struggle to do sth.
努力做某事
interpret/ n't pr t/vt.解释，阐释；把……理解为，领会；演绎 vi.口译
painstaking adj.需细心的；辛苦的；需专注的(通常用于名词前作定语)
with much effort
付出很大努力
patience/'pe ns/n.耐心，忍耐力
※have no/little patience with不能容忍……
with patience耐心地
lose/run out of patience (with)
(对……)失去耐心
set sth. aside把……放一边；留出
※aside/ 'sa d/adv.到旁边，在旁边；留，存；除……以外
come back to
回到……；返回……
reach one's goal
达到某人的目标
go on a journey去旅行
remote/r 'm t/adj.偏远的，偏僻的；遥远的，久远的；远亲的
at first起先，首先；最初
reward/r 'w d/vt.奖励，奖赏 n．奖励，回报；悬赏金
※reward sb. for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事而奖励某人
in reward for
作为对……的报答
as a reward for
作为对……的奖赏
constantly/'k nst ntli/adv.始终，一直
logical/'l d kl/adj.符合逻辑的；必然的，合乎情理的
inner/' n (r)/adj.内心的，隐藏的；里面的，内部的
perceive/p 'si v/vt.注意到，意识到；将……理解为，将……视为
※perceive sb./sth. as
将……视为……
in a(n)...way
以一种……的方式
allow sb. to do sth.
使某人能够做某事；允许某人做某事
reality/ri' l ti/n.现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历
※in reality事实上，实际上
face/accept reality
面对/接受现实
[汉语译文]
如何阅读诗歌
诗歌是“音”与“意”的融合。与其他任何文学类型相比，诗歌通常隐含着超越字面的更深层含义。那么，如何揭示隐藏的这个方面呢？
首先，凭听觉的指引。当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问：“这是什么意思？”但最好问一句：“它听起来怎么样？”即使你也许把握不住这首诗的真正含义，但是当你朗读时，你总是可以说说这首诗听上去如何。你能感觉到节奏吗？有没有重复词、押韵或其他特别的效果？所有这些都是值得注意的好的特质，它们可能最终会帮助你更好地理解这首诗。朗读下面这几句诗，感受它们的音律。
轻轻地，柔和地；轻轻地，柔和地，
西边的海风，
吹过，拂过，轻轻，轻轻，
西边的海风！
来自月色朦胧，
拂过波涛汹涌，
请将他再吹向我；
当我的小宝贝，小可爱，已入梦。
(摘自阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生《轻轻地，柔和地》)
第二，走进诗歌，就像你是一个置身于陌生风景中的探索者。问自己一些关于这首诗的基本问题。说话的是谁？正在和谁说话？描述的是什么？有感觉到某个地点吗？那里还有其他人或物吗？当你探索这首诗的时候，你的脑海会开始浮现一些画面。这些画面是什么？把它们组合起来会发生什么？这种组合通常是复杂的，甚至是矛盾的。当你慢慢探索周围环境时，你会开始挖掘线索，这些线索会让你更好地理解这首诗。读下面这几句诗，注意“笼中鸟”的形象，试着弄清它意味着什么。
笼中之鸟，撕心裂肺，
啼啭啾啾
所唱是未知之物，
却依然渴求
歌声传到了
远处的山丘
因为笼中的鸟儿
在歌唱自由。
(摘自玛雅·安吉洛《笼中鸟》)
第三，如果你下了很大的功夫可还是纠结于理解一首诗的意思，那就耐心一点吧。你不可能真正理解只读过一遍的诗。有时，读懂一首诗可能是一辈子的事。所以如果你没有读懂某首诗，那就暂且先放在一边，以后再读。作为一个探索者，你不会立刻抵达你的目标——你需要踏上旅程，去一个遥远未知的目的地。这一开始可能看起来很难，但当你最终有了重大发现时，你的努力将得到回报。有些诗的深层内涵和之前未领会的意义会不断显现，相比之下，那些浅显的诗往往倒没那么有趣了。读下面这几句诗，看看是什么意思吧。
我想我知道这片林子的主人，
尽管他住在山村。
他不会见我驻足于此，
凝视着他积满白雪的树林。
(摘自罗伯特·弗罗斯特《雪夜林边小驻》)
最后请记住，欣赏一首诗，并非得完全理解它不可。你可能需要抛开逻辑思维以发现诗歌真正的内在美。只要读诗之旅能让你有所感触，或使你领悟到另一层含义，那你的努力就是值得的。
诗歌“音”与“意”的结合，让你用一种新的方式看待世界，让你超越普通的现实，追求永恒之美。在诗歌的世界里享受你的旅程吧！
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1)frozen adj.冰封的，结冰的；冷冻的；冻僵的 freeze vt. & vi.(froze, frozen)结冰；冷冻；冻结 vi.突然停止，呆住 freezing adj.极冷；冰冻的 adv.极冷地；冰冻地 n．冰点
(1)freeze to death 冻死
be frozen to death 被冻死
be frozen with/in sth. 因某事惊呆
be frozen with/in shock 惊呆
be frozen with/in fright/horror 吓呆
frozen water 结冰的水
(2)freezing point 冰点
above/below freezing 冰点以上/以下
freezing cold 非常冷的
freezing weather 冰冻天气
freezing water 冰冷的水
Frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.冷冻的香蕉可以保存几个星期，这取决于它们的成熟度和冰箱的温度。
I'm absolutely frozen！我简直冻僵了！
She stared at him, frozen with shock.她惊呆了，直瞪着他。
One boy，aged about 11，looks frozen with fright.
一个大约11岁的男孩吓得一动不动。
Fresh water freezes at 0 ℃.淡水在零摄氏度结冰。
It may freeze tonight，so bring those plants inside.
今晚可能很冷，所以把那些植物搬进来。
It's very cold today；the temperature has dropped to freezing point.今天很冷；气温已经降至冰点了。
语境助记
On a freezing cold night, the duck was frozen to death on the frozen lake.
在一个寒冷的夜晚，鸭子在冰封的湖面上冻死了。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Americans always drive to supermarkets to buy canned and ____________ (freeze) foods for the week.
②The young soldier was frozen ____________ death in the snow，with his hands still holding onto the gun.
③As he spoke，he stopped suddenly, frozen ____________ terror.
④Heilongjiang Province is located in the northeast part of China，so it's ____________ (freeze) cold in winter.
⑤On hearing the shocking news，he ____________ (freeze) at the door.
frozen
to
in/with
freezing
froze
2)imply vt.含有……的意思，暗示，暗指
(1)imply agreement/conflicts/duties/a lack of interest/happiness
意味着同意/冲突/责任/缺乏兴趣/幸福
as the name implies 顾名思义
imply by 用……暗示
imply that... 意味着
(2)implication n. 暗示，言外之意
by implication 言外之意
Their failure to reply to our letter seems to imply a lack of interest.他们没有回我们的信，似乎暗示出他们缺乏兴趣。
Familiarity does not necessarily imply deep friendship.
熟悉未必意味着深厚的友情。
Floating rate loans, as the name implies, have a variable interest rate.浮动利率贷款，顾名思义，利率是可变的。
What do you imply by that statement？你的声明暗示了什么？
Are you implying (that) I am wrong？你的意思是说我错了？
He gave a long account of his troubles; by implication, he needed financial aid.
他摆了一大堆困难，言外之意是他需要助学金。
特别提示
imply还有“说明，表明”的意思，此时相当于suggest.
The teacher's smile implied that she had forgiven me.
老师的微笑表明她已经原谅了我。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①I'm not ____________ (imply) anything about your cooking, but could we eat out tonight
②Her statement ____________ (imply) a lack of confidence in the management of the company.
③A connection between the events has been ____________ (imply) in several news reports.
④He is by ____________ (imply) requesting me to resign.
implying
implies
implied
implication
(2)grasp sb. by the hand/arm 抓住某人的手/手臂
grasp the basic concept of 掌握……的基本概念
grasp a chance/an opportunity 急忙抓住机会，毫不犹豫地抓住机会
grasp the opportunity/chance to do sth.
抓住机会做某事
grasp the spirit of... 掌握、领会某事的精神实质
These complex formulas are beyond the grasp of the average pupils.这复杂的公式是普通小学生不能理解的。
I've always had a good grasp of English language thanks to my mum who started me reading when I was very little.
我一直精通英语，多亏了我妈妈，在我很小的时候她就让我开始读英文。
At that time, we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.
在那时，我们没有完全明白所发生之事的重要性。
Luke took her arm in a firm grasp and led her through the gate.
＝Luke grasped her by the arm firmly and led her through the gate.
卢克紧紧地抓住她的胳膊，领她进了大门。
He grasped the handles on both sides of the box，and gathered all his strength to lift it.
他抓住箱子两边的把手，拼尽全力把它提起来。
I grasped the opportunity to return to my motherland to work.
我毫不犹豫地抓住了回祖国工作的机会。
特别提示
表示理解语言词汇或文章等时，只能用understand，不能用grasp.如：
I don't understand French/the instructions.
我不懂法语。/我看不懂这个说明书。
即学即练 判断下列句子中grasp的词性及含义/结合grasp的用法完成句子
①Color is fundamental in home design — something you'll always have in every room.A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in.____________
②Grasp my hand and I'll pull you over the wall.____________
③I think I grasped the main points of the speech.____________
n. 理解，领会
vt.抓牢，抓紧
vt.理解，领会
④她准备好抓住一切机遇拓展业务。
She is ready to ____________________ to expand the business.
⑤他们现在精通多门外语。
They ___________________ many foreign languages now.
grasp any opportunity/chance
have a good grasp of
4)detect vt.发现，查明，侦察出 detective n．侦探 detectable adj.可检测的；可发觉的 detection n．侦查，探测；发现 detector n．检测器；探测器；侦察器
(1)detect the disease 查出疾病
detect some anger in his voice 在他的声音中听出一些怒气
detect the secret 发现秘密
(2)detective fiction 侦探小说
a detective story/novel 侦探故事/小说
the detection of crime 对罪行的侦查
escape/avoid detection 逃避侦查
a smoke detector 烟雾检测器
a metal detector 金属探测器
The tests are designed to detect the disease early.
这些检查旨在早期查出疾病。
Arnold could detect a certain sadness in the old man's face.
阿诺德能察觉到老人脸上的某种悲伤。
The detective committed himself to keep the secret for the professor.侦探承诺为教授保守秘密。
To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector，one should make certain the red light is working.
为了确保烟雾探测器的安全运行，(我们)应确保红灯正常工作。
With a metal detector, the detective detected another cell phone hidden in the thief's pocket.It is obvious that the detection made the thief nervous.
侦探用金属探测器发现小偷口袋里藏着另一部手机。很明显，这个发现使小偷很紧张。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Some sounds cannot ____________ (detect) by the human ear.
②Recently，financial experts ____________ (detect) signs that the economy is beginning to improve.
③The alarm will go off automatically as soon as smoke ____________ (detect).
④She hired _______ private detective to find out if her husband was having an affair.
be detected
have detected
is detected
a
⑤During the investigation，two ____________ (detect) assumed the identities of antique dealers.
⑥These tests can result in the early ____________ (detect) of the disease.
⑦Motion ____________ (detect) help monitor elderly residents who live alone.
detectives
detection
detectors
5)contradictory adj.相互矛盾的，对立的 contradict vi.& vt.反驳；批驳；与……矛盾
(1)self-contradictory 自相矛盾的
contradictory information 相互矛盾的信息
contradictory attitudes 互相矛盾的态度
be contradictory to 与……相矛盾
the contradictory statements 互相矛盾的陈述
contradictory advice 相互矛盾的建议
(2)contradict each other 相互矛盾
contradict oneself 自相矛盾
Don't contradict! 别顶嘴！
(3)contradiction n. 反驳；批驳；矛盾
in (direct) contradiction to... 与……相反；和……背道而驰
The two apparently contradictory opinions are within my grasp.
我能理解这两个显然相互矛盾的观点。
The statement is contradictory to information given in the passage.这个陈述与文章中所给的信息是矛盾的。
In confusion, he kept contradicting himself.
慌乱中，他不断地说出自相矛盾的话来。
His private actions are in direct contradiction to his publicly expressed opinions.他私下的行为与他公开表达的看法背道而驰。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Some recent research has come out with results that at first sight seem ____________ (contradict).
②I find no ___________ (contradict) between his publicly expressed opinions and his private actions.
③This is contradictory ________ what you said before.
④But the information I got was rich and varied, or even ___________(contradict).
contradictory
contradiction
to
contradictory
6)patience n.耐心，忍耐力
have the patience to do sth. 有耐心做某事
be out of patience with... 对……失去耐性；(对某人)失去耐心
lose patience with... 对……失去耐性
require/take patience 需要耐心
with patience (＝patiently) 耐心地
(have) patience 耐心点(用于劝告别人)
have no patience for sb. 无法容忍某人
My mother is a good listener who has great patience.
我母亲是一个很有耐心且善于倾听的人。
He walked so slowly that his elder brother lost patience with him.
他走得如此慢，以至于他哥哥对他失去了耐心。
Whenever I made mistakes，the teacher pointed them out with patience.
无论我什么时候犯错，老师都耐心地指出它们。
My father is lively and energetic, but he is not very patient.
我的父亲精力充沛、充满活力，但他不是很有耐心。
The patients are taken good care of in the hospital.
病人们在医院里被照顾得很好。
She is patient with her children.
她对她的孩子们很有耐心。
归纳拓展
patient adj. 有耐心的；能忍耐的
n．病人
impatient adj. 没耐心的；不耐烦的
patiently adv. 耐心地
impatience n. 不耐烦；无耐心
搭配
be patient with对……有耐心
be impatient with对……不耐烦
The patient doctor is always treating her patients with great patience. Being impatient will cause bad results.
那位有耐心的医生总是耐心对待她的病人。没有耐心会导致不好的结果。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①You are very patient ____________ your brother.
②—Why didn't you go fishing with your friends yesterday
—Well, fishing is a hobby which calls for a great deal of ____________(patient)，which I don't have.
③Hospital ____________ (patient) who see tree branches out of their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead.
with
patience
patients
④I waited ____________ (patient) until the oil was hot.
⑤Wang Peng felt annoyed and ____________ (patient) when he failed to attract customers to his restaurant.
patiently
impatient
7)set sth. aside 暂时不考虑(或放一放)；留出，省出(钱或时间)把……搁到一边，把……放到一旁
I warned them not to do it, but they just set aside my warning.
我警告过他们不要那样做，但他们不理会我的警告。
Some doctors advise setting aside a certain hour each day for exercise.一些医生每天留出一定时间来锻炼。
The bank set aside ￡1.1 billion to cover bad debts from business failures.
银行留出了11亿英镑来支付生意失败导致的坏账。
I set aside my overcoat and took out my summer clothes.
我把大衣放起来，拿出了夏天的衣服。
Setting aside the chair, he sat on the floor.
他把椅子搁到一边，坐在了地板上。
Mike set aside his documents and suggested seriously that his wife (should) set aside some money for the family，but she just set aside his suggestion.
迈克把自己的文件搁在一边，然后郑重地建议妻子为家里留一些钱，但她就是不理会他的建议。
其他常用的“动词＋aside”型短语
put aside不考虑；储存
lay aside把……放在一边；留存备用
leave aside搁置一边；不考虑
stand aside站在一边；不参与
即学即练 判断下面句子中set aside的含义/单句写作
①After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college，working to pay her tuition (学费)，because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.____________
②He liked the lovely dog so much that he set aside his book and played with it immediately.____________
留出(钱)
把……放到一旁
③It's too stressful to try to deal with all your problems at once. Choose what's the most urgent and set aside the rest temporarily.____________
④无论多忙，我们都应该抽点时间陪陪我们的父母。
__________________________________________________________
暂时不考虑
However busy, we should set aside some time to accompany our parents.
8)reality n.现实，实际情况；事实，实际经历
dream and reality 梦想与现实
virtual reality 虚拟现实
make the flying car a reality 让飞行汽车成为现实
face reality 面对现实
accept reality 接受现实
escape from reality 逃避现实
in reality 实际上
turn...into reality 把……变成现实
turn our dream into reality 把我们的梦想变为现实
become a reality 实现
bring...back to reality 使……回到现实
The reality is that... 实际情况是……
When meeting with difficulties，one should face reality and try to solve the difficulties instead of escaping from reality.
当一个人遭遇困难的时候，应该面对现实，努力解决困难，而不是逃避现实。
We thought that gentleman was a professor，but in reality he was just a thief.
我们原以为那位绅士是个教授，但实际上他只不过是个小偷。
We're only a day away，and that's when expectations turn into reality or disappointment.
我们只剩一天了，到时，期待要么成真要么落空。
The reality of the situation is that unless we find some new funding soon，the youth center will have to close.
实际情况是，除非我们很快找到一些新的资金，否则青年中心将不得不关闭。
We have to be realistic about our chances of winning.
我们必须实事求是地估计我们获胜的可能性。
It is not realistic to expect people to spend so much money.
期望人们花那么多的钱是不实际的。
She never realized her ambition of winning an Olympic gold medal.
她一直未能实现赢得一枚奥运会金牌的梦想。
归纳拓展
real adj.真的，真实的；真正的
realistic adj.现实的；实际的；逼真的
be realistic about...对……抱现实态度
realize vt.实现；意识到；明白
语境助记
The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s, allowing for a new generation of virtual reality．
6G的速度将超过每秒125GB，使得新一代的虚拟现实技术成为可能。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Romantic novels provide an escape from ________ (real).
②The reality is _________ there is not enough money to pay for this project.
③He told the police he was out of town，but _________ reality, he never went anywhere.
reality
that
in
④Though one should have dreams, it's not ____________ (real) to exist on dreams.
⑤Let's be realistic ____________ this—I just can't afford to pay that much money for a house.
⑥Ten years later her dream ____________ (realize).
realistic
about
was realized
9)hold fast to sth.紧紧抓住某物；坚信某事
hold to sth. 信奉(信念、原则等)；信守(诺言)
hold on to 紧紧抓住
hold up 支撑，举起；延迟，阻碍
hold out 伸出(手)；维持，坚持
hold on 别挂断电话；等会儿；坚持住
He held fast to his principles.他坚持自己的原则。
即学即练 完成句子
—Is Peter there？彼得在吗？
—_________， please. I'll see if I can find him for you.
请不要挂断。我看能不能帮你找到他。
Hold on
10)dimension n.方面，侧面；规模，程度；维 -dimensional (构成形容词)……维的
(1)the moral dimension of world politics 世界政治的道德方面
add a new dimension (to sth.) (给某物)增加新内容
have a spiritual dimension 拥有精神层面的内容
the fourth dimension 第四度空间；第四维
a large dimension 大规模
the dimension of the table 桌子的面积
another dimension to a problem 问题的另一方面
(2)two-dimensional space 二维空间
You are not going to be able to control the dimensions of this plan.你将无法控制这个计划的各个方面。
Most of the dolls out there are just plain happy or expressionless and that's what makes them dull and one-dimensional.
市面上的大多数玩具娃娃都只有单纯的笑脸或者面无表情，所以它们是呆板的、一维的。
即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子
①There is another dimension ________ this problem which you haven't considered.
②她的工作为她的生活增添了新的内容。
Her job ____________________ to her life.
to
added a new dimension
第二版块|重点句型解构
1)(教材原句)While you may ask “What does it mean？” as you begin reading a poem, it is better to ask “How does it sound？”
当你刚开始读一首诗时，你可能会问：“这是什么意思？”但最好问一句：“它听起来怎么样？”
[句式分析] 本句中as引导的是时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候；一边……一边……；随着”。as作为连词，引导从句的几种情况：
(1)引导时间状语从句：当……的时候，随着……
As she sang, tears ran down her cheeks.
她唱歌时，眼泪从脸颊流下。
As she grew older, she gained confidence.
随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了。
As time went by (＝With time going by), I gradually forgot the unhappy memory.随着时间的流逝，我渐渐忘记了不开心的回忆。
(2)原因状语从句：因为，由于
As you were out，I left a message.
因为你不在，所以我留了一张字条儿。
She may need some help as she's new.
因为她是新来的，所以她可能需要一些帮助。
(3)让步状语从句：尽管，虽然，即使
Happy as they were，there was something missing.
尽管他们很快乐，但总缺少点什么。
Try as he might (＝However hard he tried)，he couldn't open the door.他想尽了办法也没能打开门。
Child as he is，he knows three foreign languages.
尽管他是个孩子，但他懂三种外语。
Much as I like it，I won't buy it，for it's too expensive.
虽然我很喜欢它，但我不会买的，因为它太贵了。
(4)方式状语从句：照……的方式
⑩They did as I had asked.他们是按照我的要求做的。
Leave the papers as they are.别去动那些文件。
(5)比较状语从句：as...as...跟……一样……；not as/so...as...不如……
Lucy is as beautiful a girl as Alice.露西跟爱丽丝是一样漂亮的女孩。
(6)定语从句：正如，如同，这一点
As you know，Julia is leaving soon.你是知道的，朱莉娅马上要离开了。
语境助记
①She's very tall, as is her mother．
她个子很高，和她母亲一样。
②I don't think he's been watering these plants—the soil is as dry as a bone.
我想他没有给这些植物浇水——土壤干透了。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①I saw him ____________ I was coming into the building.
②Everyone cheered ____________ the winners received their medals.
③He gets more attractive ____________ he gets older.
④____________ it was getting late，I decided to book into a hotel.
⑤Angry ____________ he was，he couldn't help smiling.
as
as
as
As
as
2)(教材原句)Second, approach the poem as if you were an explorer in an unfamiliar landscape．
第二，读诗时你就好像是一个探索陌生风景的探险家。)
[句式分析] 本句中as if引导的方式状语从句，且从句使用了虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情况。
as if(＝as though)意为“似乎，好像”，可引导表语从句(一般置于系动词look, seem，appear等之后)和方式状语从句。若从句表示真实的情况或将来实现的可能性较大的情况，从句用陈述语气；若从句表示的是非真实的情况或将来实现的可能性不大的情况，那么从句用虚拟语气。
(1)表示与现在的事实相反的情况时，从句谓语用一般过去时(be动词通常用were)。
She always talks to me as if/as though she were my elder sister.
她总是以姐姐的口气跟我说话。(她不是我姐姐)
(2)表示与过去的事实相反的情况时，从句谓语用“had＋过去分词”。
He talked about Rome as if/as though he had been there before.
他说起罗马来就好像他以前去过那里似的。(以前没去过)
(3)表示将来实现的可能性较小的情况时，从句谓语用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。
He talks gladly as if/as though he would be our monitor.
他高兴地谈论着，好像要成为我们的班长似的。(他成为我们的班长的可能性较小)
特别提示
as if/as though引导从句时，用何种语气取决于说话者。如果说话者所说之事有明显的依据，那么从句就用陈述语气；如果说话者所说之事没有依据，只是想表达一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测，那么就用虚拟语气。
Mary speaks in a very loud voice as if she is angry.玛丽说话声音很高，好像生气了。(真的生气了)
Mary speaks in a very loud voice as if she were angry.玛丽说话声音很高，好像生气了。(其实没有生气)
即学即练 单句语法填空
①When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it ____________ (be) broken.
②It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I ____________ (do) it
③I don't know why she is looking at me as if she ____________ (know) me. I've never seen her before.
were
had done
knew
3)(教材原句)As long as the journey of poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it will have been worth your effort.
只要读诗之旅能让你有所感悟，或者让你发现另一层含义，你的努力就是值得的。)
[句式分析] 本句是复合句，as long as引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”。
(1)只要。用于引导条件状语从句，可与so long as互换。
Try to learn from your mistakes and bitter failures.It will eventually lead to success as long as you persevere.
试着从你的错误和痛苦的失败中学习。只要你坚持不懈，这最终会让你成功的。
(2)长达……，达……之久。属于“as...as...”结构。
You can stay for as long as you want.
你想逗留多久就逗留多久。
The fruit should be left on the tree as long as possible.
应该让水果尽可能在树上多生长一些时间。
(3)一直，整个时间里。
I have a special place in my heart for libraries.I have for as long as I can remember.
在我的内心深处有一个特殊的地方存放图书馆。我有记忆以来我心里就有这个地方。
即学即练 完成句子
①晚饭后，她常常坐在炉边，有时候长达一个小时，回忆她幸福的日子。
After supper, she would often sit by the fire, sometimes for ______________， thinking back to her happy days.
②只要天气好我们就去。
We will go _________________________.
as long as an hour
as long as the weather is good
③吉姆说 只要我们保持房子干净和整洁，我们就可以住在他的房子里。
Jim says we can stay in his house ___________ we leave it clean and tidy.
as long as
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．For years this land remained ____________ (贫瘠的) and isolated, which has generated the government's high attention.
2．It was bitterly cold and the ground was ____________ (冰冻的) hard.
3．These plain points are easy to ____________ (理解) for the average pupil.
4．Overall, the tests are designed to ____________ (发现) the disease early.
barren
frozen
grasp
detect
5．I knew very well that the problem was more ____________ (复杂的) than he estimated.
6．She couldn't understand much complicated English sentences so her children had to ____________ (口译) for her.
7．Winning the match was just a ____________ (回报)for the effort the outstanding team had made.
8．I moved out to California in sorrow without any ____________ (线索) about what I might do after graduation.
complex
interpret
reward
clue
9．It was a ____________ (符合逻辑的) conclusion from the child's perspective.
10．Timeless loving relationships that a child makes will give him an ____________ (内心的) sense of liberation.
11．He ____________ (意识到) that he should form a small group of like-minded business owners.
12．It's ____________ (值得花钱的) for me to pay the higher price for the historic spots.
logical
inner
perceives
worthwhile
13．Smartphones make it more realistic to check ____________ (事实), watch video clips and read weibo.
14．The last two lines of this poem don't ____________ (押韵) precisely.
15．Would that ____________ (暗示) the success of women's liberation
16．The task requires extraordinary ____________ (耐心) and being ambitious.
17．You will open a new ____________ (维度) to your life and can arrange your life orderly.
reality
rhyme
imply
patience
dimension
Ⅱ.短语填空
in the end, dig up, more than, in the world of, find out, set aside, go on, come back to, fill up, as long as, hold fast to, beyond one's grasp, put...together, as a reward for, in reality, lose patience with
1．There's no need to ____________ your overall backyard, either.
2．It's realistic to ____________ some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful.
3．I'm ____________ happy to show you around our gallery.
dig up
set aside
more than
4．He tried various careers and ____________ became an accountant.
5．We ____________ that our students have enormous interest in this subject.
6．Can I ____________ the question of political power once again
7．This economic crisis can't ____________. We need to take action to solve this problem.
8．Warehouses at the frontier between the two countries ____________ with sacks of garlic.
in the end
find out
come back to
go on
fill up
9．Professor Krauss has been a moving force ____________ academic art criticism.
10．He said he would still advocate them, ____________ they could solve this crisis.
11．We can only try to ____________ the age-old values of honesty, ambition, decency and politeness.
12．I perceive that I can't solve the crisis because this question is ____________．
in the world of
as long as
hold fast to
beyond my grasp
13．Let's ________ these mushrooms ________ so that we can take them home.
14．____________ his bravery, the soldier was given a gold medal.
15．He said that he had arranged a place to eat, but ____________ he didn't.
16．If he doesn't put the effort in then we will __________________ the outstanding boy.
put
together
As a reward for
in reality
lose patience with
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Everyone who reaches the top of Mount Tai is rewarded ____________ a magnificent view.
2．China's approach to ____________ (protect) its environment while feeding its citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，” says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
3．The unusual twists (转折) of the film ____________ (freeze) are what make it special.
with
protecting
Frozen
4．The security officials have made a series of ____________ (contradict) statements about the equipment.
5．I was ____________ (constant) trying to figure out what time it was suitable to go back home.
6．At last she told me that I should face the ____________ (real) bravely and grasp the opportunity immediately.
7．Stress ________ mostly ____________ (perceive) as contributing to the bad mood.
contradictory
constantly
reality
is
perceived
8．How shall you hold fat ____________ your own faith and make your life dominated by yourself
9．It ____________ (imply) that the crops with a bad harvest would be a burden to their family.
10．She stood on the balcony to enjoy the landscape out of the window, ____________ (detect) a boy reading aloud.
11．June always rhymes ____________ moon in the song The Neighborhood.
12．The children helped their parents to dig ____________ garlic.
to
was implied
detecting
with
up
13．I didn't know whether to interpret her perspective ____________ acceptance or refusal.
14．Non-violence and ____________ (patient) are the basic perspectives of their belief.
15．She started singing to the elderly in the shade and ____________ (reward) with a smile.
16．The dogs ____________ (cage) up at night in the neighborhood to relieve their danger to humans.
as
patience
was rewarded
are caged
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．玛丽对聚会的描述非常生动，我觉得自己好像在那里一样。
Mary's description of the party was so vivid that I felt _______________. (as if)
2．只要她学会办公室的常规工作，她就是极好的助手。
____________________________，she will be an excellent assistant.(as long as)
as if I had been there
As long as she learns the office routine
3．我每天留出一个小时来复习学过的内容。
____________________________ to review what I have learnt.(set aside)
4．这篇文章的医学术语太多了，我完全理解不了。
The article has too many medical terms which ____________________．(beyond，grasp)
I set aside one hour every day
are totally beyond my grasp
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分)
A
Long ago, poems were recited out loud instead of being written down. Back when the Greeks first started the Olympics, they held poetry contests as well as athletic competitions.
Now, poetry competitions have been revived. This year 120，000 high school students competed in the first Poetry Out Loud national recitation contest, performing poems from memory for $100，000 in prizes.
The first competitions were held in classrooms. The winners went on to schoolwide contests, and then they competed in city and state competitions, and then the 50 state champions, along with the District of Columbia champion came to Washington, D. C．， last week for the last showdown (对决). After the 51 champions competed against one another, 12 went on to the finals. Then the field was narrowed to five. The final five had one last chance to “perform” a poem. The overall champ, Jackson Hille, a high school senior from Ohio, won a $ 20，000 scholarship.
The National Endowment for the Arts and the Poetry Foundation started Poetry Out Loud because they realized that hearing a poem performed is a different experience from reading it on the page.
It's not just a matter of saying the words in the right order. It's the tone of voice, the pauses, the gestures, and the attitude of the person performing that bring the words to life. “Each time we hear somebody recite a poem, we understand again what we found fresh and interesting about it，” says National Public Radio broadcaster Scott Simon, master of ceremonies for the finals. Hearing it in a new voice offers something new to the listener.
Not only do the people hearing poems have a new experience, memorizing and presenting poems helps the participants understand those poems in a new way. Another benefit of a competition such as Poetry Out Loud is that the participants learn public-speaking skills that can help them for life.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了诗歌仅仅在书上阅读是远远不够的，朗诵和聆听一首诗歌会给人带来全新的感受。
1．From the first paragraph, we can know ________．( )
A．the Greeks were the first to write poems
B．the Olympics used to start with poem reciting
C．poems were spread orally in the past
D.athletes were asked to recite poems before competing
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Long ago, poems were recited out loud instead of being written down.”可知，在很早以前，诗歌只是口头朗诵的，所以当时诗歌的传播方式为口头传授。故选C。
2．How many rounds of competitions did the champions take before they went to Washington, D. C．？( )
A．Three. B．Four
C．Five. D．Six.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的介绍可知，参赛者经过在班里、在学校，然后在市里和州里的比赛后才来到华盛顿进行比赛。
3．According to the passage, hearing a poem recited by many people can ________．( )
A．bring a new life to listeners
B．help listeners find their interest
C．make listeners learn the words
D．offer something new to listeners
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段的“Hearing it in a new voice offers something new to the listener.”可知，朗诵诗歌可以给听者带来新的感受。故选D。
4．What's the best title for the passage？( )
A．Reciting poems improves your memory.
B．Remembering a lot of poems is fun.
C．Poetry rocks the microphone.
D．Poets have a great time.
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文。主要告诉我们在全国很多学校要举办诗歌朗诵大赛，朗诵和聆听诗歌会给人带来全新的感受。由此可知C项符合主题。
B
Poetry is the artistic expression of the human thoughts and feelings in rhythmical and emotional pared with prose (散文), it lays more stress on rhythm, imagery (意象), emotion, and imagination. As its language is rhythmical, its sound is highly musical. We may say, “No rhythm, no poetry”， no matter the rhythm of poetry is traditional as in metrical (格律的) style or “natural” as in free verse.
So the poet must write carefully and reflectively in order to find words that not only fulfill the demands of meter and rhyme, but also express the meaning in a manner that complements the imagery and tone of the rest of the poem. This careful use of language is the most significant difference between ordinary prose and poetry.
The ordinary prose writer neatly builds an argument using words the way a mason (石匠) builds a house using bricks; the poet is an artisan who creates a fieldstone hearth (粗石炉)—each stone or each word is turned over, examined, and often laid aside until it can be placed where its shape, weight, and color will contribute to the strength and beauty of the whole. Prose, according to Samuel Taylor Coleridge, is “words in their best order”， and poetry is “the best words in their best order”．
The reader's chief delight in reading poetry comes from his response to its musical effect, which comes from many metrical patterns represented in conventional iambic (抑扬格) feet or from repetitions and parallel phrasing shown in free verse and from other elements of poetry.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了诗歌与散文之间的区别，以及人们读诗的乐趣所在。
5．What's the purpose of saying “No rhythm, no poetry” in Paragraph 1？( )
A．To show the importance of rhythm in poetry.
B.To show rhythm is the most important element.
C.To show there is no limit on the use of rhythm.
D.To show rhythm is more important than poetry.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，诗歌的语言是有韵律的。因此常说没有韵律就没有诗歌，无论诗歌的韵律是传统的格律风格还是自由诗体的自然风格。由此可推知引用这句话是为了说明韵律对于诗歌来说很重要。故选A。
6．What is the most important difference between ordinary prose and poetry？( )
A．The degree of emotion.
B．The careful choice of words.
C．The delicate use of the metric style.
D．The demands of meter and rhyme.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“This careful use of language is the most significant difference between ordinary prose and poetry.”可知，相比散文，诗歌最显著的不同是对语言的精挑细选。故选B。
7．Where is the reader's main joy in reading poetry？( )
A．The experience of the poet's emotion.
B．The appreciation of the metrical pattern.
C.The reader's reaction to the musical effect.
D．The comprehension of the thoughts and feelings.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“The reader's chief delight in reading poetry comes from his response to its musical effect.”可知，读者读诗的最大乐趣来自其对诗歌的音乐感回应。故选C。
8．How is the text mainly developed？( )
A．By definition. B．By examples.
C．By quotation. D．By comparison.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。全文把诗歌与散文在韵律、意境、选词方面进行了对比，故可知，作者通过对比的方式来写文章。故选D。
C
My mother was from a generation of women in India who truly worked the “double shift”， but that did not mean that her responsibilities at home were in any way decreased. It's one of the reasons I do not blame her for not being passionate about food the way I am, or not making cooking with my sister and me a priority. The last thing she needed was us walking around the kitchen, messing up her system, and making a mess.
I only started cooking for myself when I was homesick in England and the food of my homeland and childhood made me feel closer to my family. Mom and I have very different styles of cooking. I have a huge collection of cookbooks and I love learning all about food that is unfamiliar to me. Mom's cooking and her recipes came all down from her parents, a continuation of oral (口述的) traditions and culture. Sometimes, I catch my mom browsing through my cookbook collection in wonder and I see her eyes widen with appreciation and understanding.
I like to develop a recipe, and if it isn't right the first time, I'll keep trying until it's perfect. My samosa (萨莫萨三角炸饺) recipe, for example, is testament (证明) to it. Mom never liked making samosas; she thought they were a waste of time when we could just as easily go and buy some. I was enthusiastic about making the perfect ones, and gave her calls—a lot of them in the middle of the night—until I knew I had the right recipe and quantities. When we cook together, I am constantly pestering (打扰) her for quantities and she looks at me with amusement, as I am pulling my hair in frustration: Whose handful is that small handful referring to, Mother
But my mom smiles as she happily adds a pinch of (一撮) this and a teaspoon of that. She tells me that I am lucky to be able to enjoy cooking, and asks if I am too serious about quantities, and am I still enjoying myself
My mom has taught me a lot about life and food. I am really grateful to her.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者因为妈妈对烹饪有了更深刻的理解。
9．What was the author's mom like when the author was young？( )
A．She didn't get on with her kids.
B．She gave up her work to take care of her family.
C．She didn't want her kids to be in the kitchen.
D.She often blamed her kids for being particular about food.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“The last thing she needed was us walking around the kitchen, messing up her system，and making a mess(她最不需要的就是我们在厨房里走来走去搞乱她的秩序，搞得一团糟)”可知，作者小时候作者的妈妈不想让她和妹妹出现在厨房中。
10．What can we infer about the author's mom's looking through cookbooks？( )
A．She wants to write her own cookbooks.
B．She hopes to improve traditional cooking.
C．She is doubtful about the author's cooking style.
D.She appreciates the author's cooking interest.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“Sometimes，I catch my mom browsing through my cookbook collection in wonder and I see her eyes widen with appreciation and understanding(有时，我看到我妈妈好奇地浏览我的食谱收藏，我看到她睁大了眼睛，充满欣赏和理解)”可知，作者的妈妈很赞同作者学习烹饪。
11．Why did the author mention samosas in the text？( )
A．To show her love of cooking.
B．To indicate they were her favorite food.
C．To express her appreciation for her mom.
D．To prove her mom was bad at making them.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“I like to develop a recipe, and if it isn't right the first time, I'll keep trying until it's perfect. My samosa recipe, for example, is testament to it. Mom never liked making samosas; she thought they were a waste of time when we could just as easily go and buy some. I was enthusiastic about making the perfect ones, and gave her calls—a lot of them in the middle of the night—until I knew I had the right recipe and quantities(我喜欢开发一个食谱，如果第一次不对，我会继续尝试，直到它完美。比如说，我的萨莫萨三角炸饺菜谱就是最好的证明。妈妈从来不喜欢做萨莫萨三角炸饺；她认为做萨莫萨三角炸饺是浪费时间，而我们可以很容易地去买一些。我热衷于做出完美的萨莫萨三角炸饺，并给她打电话——很多都是在半夜打的——直到我知道我有正确的食谱和用量)”可知，作者提到萨莫萨三角炸饺的例子是为了说明她对烹饪的热爱。
12．What might the author's mom agree with？( )
A．Cooking can make one calm down.
B．One should read cookbooks critically.
C.One shouldn't be too serious about quantities while cooking.
D．It's not a good idea to involve too many cooks in cooking.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“But my mom smiles as she happily adds a pinch of this and a teaspoon of that. She tells me that I am lucky to be able to enjoy cooking, and asks if I am too serious about quantities, and am I still enjoying myself？(但是我妈妈笑着高兴地加了一小撮这个和一茶匙那个。她告诉我，我很幸运能够享受烹饪，并问我是否我对用量过于在意，我仍然自得其乐吗？)”可知，妈妈想要告诉作者要想充分享受烹饪的乐趣，就不应该过分纠结用量。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
When Heather McHugh, a poet, won a $ 500，000 “genius grant” from the MacArthur Foundation, she didn't buy a luxurious car or fly to Paris. __1__， she put the money in the bank and continued writing poems.
In 2015, she finally __2__ what to do with it. That year, Heather's godson and his wife __3__ their first child, a beautiful baby girl but severely disabled. “I saw how people's __4__ can change overnight. I started thinking about people in a __5__ situation，” says Heather.
She __6__ there were millions of caregivers taking care of the chronically (慢性地) ill or disabled. So in 2012, Heather __7__ a nonprofit organization offering a seven-day vacation, with all expenses paid, to people who have been caregivers for at least ten years. When Tricia got a call saying she was offered a __8__ vacation, she couldn't believe it.
Tricia went, and her favorite parts of the trip were being able to __9__ the simple things. She was afraid the heaviness would return when the __10__ was over, but to her __11__， it hasn't been back since.
“Before the vacation they are so __12__， but the change is so __13__. They reflect and relax. It feels __14__ like another world and gives them a __15__ to see their lives from another angle，” she adds.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位获奖诗人Heather McHugh利用自己的50万美元奖金建立非营利组织，为照顾慢性病患者和残疾人的护理员提供免费休假，让他们到新的环境中从不一样的角度看待他们的人生。
1．( )A.However B．Therefore
C．Instead D．Besides
答案：A
解析：逻辑推理题。根据空前面一句可知，她获得了50万美元的奖金后，并没有购买汽车或去旅游，反而(However)她将这些钱存入银行继续写诗。
2．( )A.thought over B．wondered
C．talked about D．decided
答案：D
解析：逻辑推理题。根据这一段的内容可知，此处表示在2015年，她终于决定(decided)如何处理它。
3．( )A.held B．welcomed
C．lost D．saved
答案：B
解析：词义辨析题。此处指那一年，Heather的教子和他的妻子迎来(welcomed)了他们的第一个孩子，一个漂亮的女婴，但严重残疾。
4．( )A.feelings B．future
C．lives D．routine
答案：C
解析：逻辑推理题。因为生的孩子有残疾，所以“我”看到了人们的生活(lives)是如何在一夜之间改变的。
5．( )A.different B．similar
C．worse D．better
答案：B
解析：逻辑推理题。我开始关注那些处于相似(similar)处境的人。
6．( )A.discovered B．claimed
C．admitted D．felt
答案：A
解析：逻辑推理题。她发现(discovered)有数以百万计的护理员在照顾慢性病患者或残疾人。
7．( )A.donated B．found
C．visited D．formed
答案：D
解析：逻辑推理题。在2012年，Heather成立了(formed)一个非营利组织，为那些照顾他人至少十年的人提供七天的假期，所有费用由他们承担。
8．( )A.free B．caring
C．short D．long
答案：A
解析：逻辑推理题。根据前面的“with all expenses paid”可知，是提供Tricia免费的(free)旅行。
9．( )A.close B．avoid
C．worry D．enjoy
答案：D
解析：背景常识题。人们一般都会喜欢简单的生活，Tricia也是，所以此处指她最喜欢的就是享受(enjoy)简单的生活。
10．( )A.entertainment B．dream
C．vacation D．freedom
答案：C
解析：词汇复现题。根据上一段中的“she was offered a __8__ vacation”可知。
11．( )A.disappointment
B．excitement
C．embarrassment
D．surprise
答案：D
解析：逻辑推理题。她担心假期结束后，这种沉重的感觉会回来，但令她惊讶(surprise)的是，这种感觉从那以后就再也没有回来过。
12．( )A.worried B．confused
C．unexpected D．stressed
答案：D
解析：逻辑推理题。根据上一段的“She was afraid the heaviness would return...was over”(她担心假期结束后，这种沉重的感觉会回来)可知，假期前他们压力很大。
13．( )A.puzzling B．amazing
C．interesting D．amusing
答案：B
解析：逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知，此处指假期前他们压力很大，但变化是如此惊人(amazing)。
14．( )A.slightly B．interestingly
C．magically D．mostly
答案：C
解析：逻辑推理题。它给他们一种神奇的感觉，仿佛置身于另一个世界。slightly轻微地；interestingly有趣地；magically神奇地；mostly主要地。
15．( )A.place B．situation
C．height D．chance
答案：D
解析：逻辑推理题。此处指让他们有机会从另一个角度审视自己的生活。chance机会。
