Section B Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．________________ vt. 提高，增强
2．________________ n. 牛排；肉排，肉块
3．________________ n. 平锅，平底锅
4．________________ n. 自助餐
5．________________ n. (海或湖的)湾
6．________________ n. 风景，景色；舞台布景
7．________________ n. 打赌，赌注；预计，估计
8．________________ n. 气氛，氛围；大气；气体；空气
9．________________ n. 变体，变种；说法；版本
10．________________ adj. 年纪较大的，上了年纪的
11．________________ n. 面粉
12．________________ adj. 不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的
13．________________ n. 提拉米苏
14．________________ n. 层，表层；层次
15．________________ n. 干酪，奶酪
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ vt.& vi.用沸水煮；(使)沸腾→________ adj.炽热的；很热的
2．________ vt.& vi.油炸，油煎→________ adj.油炸的
3．________ vt.& vi. 使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→ ________ adj.感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的→________ n．印象；感想
4．________ n．(糕点等的)馅→________ v．(使)充满，装满
5．________ vt.& vi.烘烤；烤硬→________ n．面包(糕饼)店
6．________ adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的→________ vt.热爱，爱慕(某人)→ ________ n．热爱；爱慕；敬慕；崇拜
7．________ adj.味苦的；激烈的；令人难过的；严寒的→________ adv.伤心地；愤怒地；极其；非常→________ n．苦味；苦难；怨恨
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 偶然遇到，碰见
2．________________ 逐步地
3．________________ 投身于，热衷于
4．________________ 对……印象深刻
5．________________ 更好的是
6．________________ 对……感到厌倦
7．________________ 发表公告
8．________________ 上交，提交
9．________________ 好(或美等)得不得了，
非凡
10．________________ 拿起，提起
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．它们由用户上传，并提供详细的说明，以便其他人可以一步一步地遵循它们。
They are uploaded by users, and offer detailed instructions ________________________.
2．在家做饭不仅更便宜，而且我可以做我想要吃的东西。
________________________， but I can cook exactly what I want.
3．难怪人们说什么也比不上家里做得好吃！
________________________ people say nothing beats home cooking!
4．它的墙壁被漆成了白色和浅蓝色，气氛活泼而现代。
The atmosphere is lively and modern, ________________________．
核心突破·互动探究
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1)enhance vt.提高，增强，增加 enhanced adj.提高的 enhancement n．[U，C]提高)
(1)enhance the quality of life 提高生活质量
enhance the reputation of the company 提高公司声誉
enhance the price of land 提高地价
enhance the operation effectiveness 增强手术效果
enhance friendship and unity 增进友谊和团结
enhance the best features 突出最好的特征
(2)equipment for the enhancement of sound quality
音质提升设备
software enhancements 软件增强设备
It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness.它提高了我的生活质量，改善了我的健康状况，增加了我的幸福感。
This is an opportunity to enhance the reputation of the company by accident.
这是一个偶然提高公司声誉的机会。
Music is merely an enhancement to the power of her words.
音乐只不过是对她文字力量的一个提升。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①The company is always seeking the ____________ (enhance) of its products.
②The invention enriched him and ____________ (enhance) his reputation.
③The growth of a city often ____________ (enhance) the price of land close to it.
(2)throw oneself into 投身于，热衷于
throw...into 把……扔进；使……陷入某种状态；投身于……
throw on 匆匆穿上(衣服)
throw away 扔掉；浪费；失去
throw off 匆匆脱掉(衣服)；甩掉；摆脱
throw sb. in prison＝put sb. in prison
把某人关进监狱
throw up 呕出(食物)；呕吐
throw light on sth. (提供新资料)使某事更易理解
She threw herself into voluntary affairs.
她投身于志愿事业。
They threw themselves heart and soul into the project.
他们全心全意地投入到这个项目中。
Take what you want and throw the rest away.
拿你想要的，其余的扔掉。
she entered the room and threw off her wet coat.
她一进屋就脱掉了湿漉漉的大衣。
He got terribly drunk and was throwing up for most of the night.他喝得烂醉，呕吐了大半夜。
Two recent papers have thrown light on these questions.
最近的两篇论文阐明了这些问题。
联想拓展
表示“投身于，热衷于”的短语
be keen on
be on fire for
be enthusiastic about
go in for
be devoted to
即学即练 单句语法填空/用throw的相关短语完成句子
①The meeting was thrown ____________ disorder.
②Mike got sick and threw ____________ everything he had eaten.
③Throw ____________ all your unpleasant memories.
④我打算在余下的学年里全身心投入到学业当中。
I decide to ______________________
for the rest of the school year.
⑤这本书说明了全球气候变化带来的影响。
This book ______________________ the effects of global climate change.
⑥这或许是你能得到的最好的机会。别白白错过了！
This could be the best chance you will ever have. Don't ______________________________！
3)impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到)
(1)impress sb. with/by... 以……给某人留下深刻印象
impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人了解某事的重要性或严重性等
be impressed with 对……印象深刻
be impressed by 对……印象深刻；被……所感动
(2)impression n. 印象，感想
give the impression of... 给人……的印象
my first impression of sb. is...
我对某人的第一印象是……
leave/make a(n)... impression on sb.
给某人留下……的印象
(3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；令人钦佩的
The deaf singer impressed all the judges and the audience with her amazing performance.这名失聪歌手以令人惊叹的表演给所有评委和观众留下了深刻印象。
My parents impressed on me the importance of receiving a good education.我父母使我认识到接受良好教育的重要性。
For years，my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare.I was so impressed by how selfless she was.多年来，我的母亲一直尽力省下食物来帮助他们。她那么无私，让我非常钦佩。
Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.威廉姆斯对本杰明印象深刻，给了他两本关于绘画的经典书籍让他带回家。
She gives the impression of being very busy.
她给人的印象是特别忙。
She tried to make a good impression on the interviewer.
她努力给主持面试者留下好印象。
His collection of paintings is the most impressive.
他的绘画集是最令人印象深刻的。
特别提示
impress不用于impress sb.sth.结构，其间接宾语由介词on引出；impress不用于进行时。
即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译
①My father impressed ________ me the value of hard work.
②I'd like to share with you my ________ (impress) of Paris.
③That year，one of Benjamin's cousins，Mr.Pennington, came to visit.He was impressed ________ Benjamin's drawings.
④This film is so __________ (impress) that we can't help crying.
⑤I ________ (impress) with her amazing performance.
⑥人们对他流利的中文印象深刻。
He ________ people ________ his fluent Chinese.
＝People ________________________________ his fluent Chinese.
＝His fluent Chinese ________________________________ people.
4)scenery n.风景，景色；舞台布景)
enjoy the scenery 欣赏风景
attractive scenery 迷人的风景
beautiful/charming/fine scenery 美丽的风景
natural scenery 自然风景
picturesque scenery 景色如画；山清水秀
the artificial scenery spots 人工景点
For the first few hundred kilometers of the journey, the scenery was very colourful.
在最初几百公里的旅程中，景色非常丰富多彩。
On the way，you'll view some of Australia's unique scenery from the superb Blue Mountains to the treeless plains of the Nullarbor.在旅途中，你将欣赏到一些澳大利亚特有的美景，既有巍峨秀美的蓝山山脉，也有望不见树木的纳拉伯平原。
比较
scene/scenery/view/sight
·scene是可数名词，指“一眼可以看到的风景”，不限于自然景色。
·scenery是不可数名词，指某一地区总的自然景色，由多个scene组成。
·view指从某个角度，尤其是从远处或高处看到的景色。
·sight指“风景，名胜”，常用复数形式，尤指人文景观。
即学即练 选词填空(scenery, scene, view, sight)/完成句子
①My ____________ of the harbour was blocked by the new building.
②The boats in the harbour make a beautiful ____________．
③The sunset is a very beautiful ____________．
④For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away by car and offers all the ____________ of the better known city.
⑤那出戏的舞台布景一定很费钱。
____________________________ must have cost too much.
5)bet n.打赌，赌注；预计，估计 vi.&vt.(bet，bet)下赌注，打赌；敢说)
make/place a bet (with sb.)on... 就……(与某人)打赌
have a bet on sth. 下赌注于……；用……打赌
win/lose a bet 赢/输一场赌
on a bet 打赌
I bet 我敢说；我敢保证
You bet (口语)当然/真的/的确
a safe bet 合适的东西
bet with sb. 与某人打赌
bet on sth. 赌……
bet sb. sth. on (doing) sth. 拿某物打赌某人(做)某事
you can bet your life/your bottom dollar on sth./(that)...
肯定……；毫无疑问……
My bet is that they've got held up in traffic.
我估计他们是堵车了。
For this race，though，he had already placed a bet on one of the horses.不过，这次赛马，他已经在其中的一匹马上下了注。
He made a bet with me on whether the famous actress would come.
他和我打赌，赌那位有名的女演员是否会来。
John is a lucky dog，and he just won 100 dollars on a bet.
约翰真是个幸运儿，他与人打赌刚赢了100美元。
—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.
我过几天就要搬家了，不知道你能不能帮忙。
—You bet.Just let me know when，and I'll be there.
当然。告诉我时间，我会去的。
Singleton wants to bet with you on the election.
辛莱顿想就这次选举和你打赌。
Would you bet on the future of this man
你要对这个人的未来下赌注吗？
Clothes are a safe bet as a present for a teenager.
衣服适合作为送给十几岁孩子的礼物。
You can bet your bottom dollar that he'll be late.他肯定会迟到。
特别提示
bet的宾语可以是一个(所赌之物或打赌的对象)，也可以是两个(一个间接宾语，一个直接宾语)，还可以是三个(一个间接宾语，两个直接宾语)。在形式上则可以是名词、代词，也可以是从句。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①I bet you two cents ____________ his winning.
②Let's make a bet ____________ whether our national football team will win next season.
③He bets me ten dollars ____________ John won't come.
④I'm hoping Korea wins，but I wouldn't bet ____________ it.
⑤The drunk man lost his fortune ____________ a bet.
⑥She didn't intend to bet ________ me on the result of the race.
⑦We have a bet ________ who's going to arrive first.
6)atmosphere n.气氛，氛围；大气；气体；空气)
the upper atmosphere 高层大气
pollution of the atmosphere 大气污染
family/home atmosphere 家庭气氛
academic atmosphere 学术氛围
atmosphere of peace and calm 平和宁静的气氛
Pale wooden floors and plenty of natural light add to the relaxed atmosphere.
淡色木地板和充足的自然光增添了几分轻松的氛围。
There is an atmosphere of peace and calm in the country quite different from the atmosphere of a big city.
在乡间有一种平和宁静的气氛，与大城市的气氛截然不同。
A few plants in an office can improve the atmosphere.
在办公室里摆些植物可以改善空气。
The spacecraft burned up as it re entered the earth's atmosphere.
宇宙飞船重新进入地球大气层时被烧毁了。
名师点津
在定语从句中，当atmosphere, position, point, case, stage, situation, environment等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词时，若定语从句中缺少地点状语，则用关系副词where或“介词＋which”引导从句。
①The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.这家公司的老板正设法营造一种轻松的氛围，使他的员工喜欢他们的工作。
②I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.我已经到了得自己拿主意的人生阶段。
易混比较
atmosphere与air
·atmosphere指围绕地球的空气，即大气层；也指气氛。
·air指空气，也泛指一般气体(go outside to get some fresh air出去呼吸些新鲜空气)。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Creating an atmosphere ________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
②Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
③Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu，allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in ____________ they are dining.
7)adorable adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的)
(1)adore vt. 爱慕；崇拜；很喜欢
adore sb. for sth. 因……而敬佩某人
adore doing sth. 非常喜欢做某事
(2)adoring adj. 崇拜的，敬仰的
adoration n. 崇拜；爱慕；热爱；喜爱
By the time I was 30，we had three adorable children.
到我30岁时，我们有了3个非常可爱的孩子。
Oh，what an adorable little baby!
哦，多么可爱的小宝宝！
She adored her parents and would do anything to please them.
她敬爱她的父母，而且会做任何事来让他们高兴。
People adore him for his noble character.
人们因他的高尚品格而敬爱他。
The handsome singer had many adoring fans before him.
那个帅气的歌手面前有很多崇拜他的狂热仰慕者。
John doesn't hide his adoration for the girl.
约翰并不掩饰自己对那姑娘的爱慕。
词语辨析
cute多用于口语，形容伶俐，多修饰小孩、小动物等有生命的；
lovely用于正式语，可以形容人或动物，有时候也形容无生命的物件；
adorable是指那种让人看了会心一笑的可爱，一般是长辈用来形容孩子讨喜，比cute程度深。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①There are so many ____________ (adore) animals out there，but they all need a home.
②The students adore him ____________ his profound knowledge.
③She needs and wants to be loved with overwhelming passion and ____________ (adore).
8)mild adj.不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的)
(1)mild climate/weather 温和的气候/天气
mild irritation/amusement/disapproval
几分恼怒/喜悦/不赞成
mild punishment/criticism 轻微的惩罚/和善的批评
a mild form of the disease 病势不重
a mild curry 淡味咖喱
mild cheese 淡味奶酪
(2)mildly adv. 柔和地；和善地；轻微地
to put it mildly 说得婉转些；说得好听一点儿
mildly surprised/irritated/interested
有点儿吃惊/生气/感兴趣
Teddy turned to Mona with a look of mild confusion.
泰迪表情略带困惑地向莫娜求助。
That coat is too heavy for such a mild day.
这样暖和的天气，穿那件大衣太厚了。
He gave a mild answer, in spite of his anger.
尽管他十分恼火，他还是态度温和地回答了。
The result was unfortunate，to put it mildly.
＝It was extremely unfortunate.
说得好听一点儿，结果是不幸的。
Josephine must have had the disease very mildly as she showed no symptoms.
约瑟芬那时一定病得很轻，因为她没表现出什么症状。
即学即练 写出句中mild的含义/单句语法填空
①The area is famous for its very mild winter climate.____________
②This cheese has a soft，mild flavour.____________
③I've had occasional mild headaches all my life.____________
④After reading these first two parts, you might feel ____________ (mild) depressed.
⑤The new film has not been a great success, ____________ (put) it mildly.
第二版块|重点句型解构
1)(教材原句)They are uploaded by users, and offer detailed instructions so that others can follow them step by step．它们由用户上传，并提供详细的说明，以便其他人可以一步一步地遵循它们。)
[句式分析] 本句中so that引导目的状语从句
so that引导目的状语从句的用法
(1)so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便，为了”。此时，从句谓语常含有can/could/might/would/will等情态动词。
I'll give you all the facts so that you can judge by yourself.
我会给你所有事实，以便你能自己作出判断。
(2)其同义短语in order that也可引导目的状语从句，in order that可用于句首，但so that不用于句首。
Bring it closer so that/in order that I can see it more clearly.
拿近一些，好让我看得更清楚。
In order that she could catch the first bus，she got up very early.为了能够赶上第一班公共汽车，她起得很早。
注意：当so that/in order that引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可将从句简化为in order to/so as to结构。
so as to不能放在句首，而in order to可以放在句首。
We must study hard so that/in order that we could realize our dreams.
＝We study hard so as/in order to be able to realize our dreams.为了实现我们的梦想，我们必须努力学习。
即学即练 一句多译
为了能准时到达那里，他早早就出发了。
①He set out early ________________ he could arrive there on time.
②He set out early ________________ arrive there on time.
③________________ arrive there on time, he set out early.
④________________ he could arrive there on time, he set out early.
(2)（教材原句）Not only is cooking at home cheaper， but I can cook exactly what I wantＷ．
在家烹饪不仅便宜，而且我能烹饪我想要吃的东西。
[句式分析] 本句中Not only...but...连接了两个并列分句，且Not only位于句首，该分句使用了倒装语序，但but also后的分句不倒装。
not only置于句首的部分倒装
只把谓语的一部分(助动词、系动词be或情态动词)置于主语之前的句子，叫部分倒装句。not only位于句首，其所在的分句要用部分倒装，but (also)所在的分句不倒装。
Not only did he speak more correctly，but he spoke more fluently.他不仅讲得更准确，也讲得更流利了。
Not only are they housed，fed，and washed for free；not only do they receive medical care for every physical need，but now their mental well being is also cared for by adoring owners.
它们不仅被免费安置、喂养和清洗；它们不仅可以接受每一项身体需要的医疗服务，而且现在它们的精神健康也受到了宠爱它们的主人的照顾。
下列情况也用部分倒装
(1)具有否定意义的副词(never，nor，not，hardly，barely，rarely，little，seldom，nowhere等)或含否定词的介词短语(at no time，by no means，in no case，in no way，on no condition，on no account，under/in no circumstances等)置于句首时，句子需要用部分倒装。
Never before have I seen such a moving film.
我以前从未看过这么感人的电影。
At no time did anyone involved speak to the media.
任何相关人员都没有向媒体发表过言论。
Little does he realize how important this meeting is.
他不明白这个会议有多重要。
Hardly does she have time to have a cup of tea with her friends.
她几乎没有时间和她的朋友一起喝杯茶。
(2)当“only＋状语(从句)”位于句首时，句子/主句习惯上用部分倒装。
句型：Only＋状语/状语从句＋连系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他。
Only then did I recognize him.
直到那时我才认出了他。
名师点津
当“not only...but (also)”结构连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数跟but also后面的名词保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another.
不但你，而且他也厌倦了一次又一次的考试。
语境助记
Only in this way can we calm the little girl down.只有这样我们才能使这个小女孩平静下来。
即学即练 完成句子/用倒装结构改写句子。
①Seldom ____________ (他上学很少迟到) when he was a junior student.
②John talked with me for about an hour yesterday. Never ____________ (我从没听到过) him talk so much.
③Not only ____________(他不仅学习好), but also he is always ready to help others.
④I will no longer believe a word you say.
→________________________
⑤I have seldom met such a determined person in my life.
→________________________
⑥Theory could never do without practice.
→________________________
3)(教材原句)No wonder people say nothing beats home cooking！
难怪人们说什么也比不上家里做得好吃！)
[句式分析] No wonder＋句子
It is no wonder (that)...＝No wonder (that)...
难怪……
It is a wonder (that)... 令人惊奇的是……
in wonder 惊讶地
do/work wonders 创造奇迹
No wonder you can't sleep when you eat so much.
你吃这么多，难怪睡不着。
It is no wonder that he should have succeeded.
他成功了是不足为奇的。
It is a wonder that the boy set down 1，000 words during his trip to Mount Tai.这个男孩在泰山之旅中记下了一千个字，真令人惊叹。
The boy stared at the stranger in wonder.
那个男孩惊奇地盯着那个陌生人。
Patience and perseverance will do wonders.
耐心和毅力可产生奇迹。
名师点津
wonder还可以作动词
vt. & vi.(对……)感到惊讶/诧异
vt. 想知道；琢磨
wonder at/about对……疑惑/奇怪
wonder＋wh 对……感到奇怪；想知道……
wonder if/whether想知道是否……
即学即练 单句语法填空
①____________ is no wonder that he didn't want to go.
②The girls stared ____________ wonder at her new dress.
③It is ____________ wonder that he survived the plane crash.
4)(教材原句)The atmosphere is lively and modern, with its walls painted white and light blue．
它的墙壁被漆成了白色和浅蓝色，气氛活泼而现代。)
[句式分析] with its walls painted white and light blue是with复合结构。
构成：with＋宾语＋宾补
with复合结构的构成：with＋宾语＋宾补，常在句中作状语，表示原因、方式、时间、条件或伴随等。具体形式主要有：
Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction, with only a few elderly speakers left.在总共6 800种语言中已经有400多种濒临灭绝，只剩下少数老年人在使用。
With the final exam approaching，the students are studying harder.随着期末考试的临近，学生们学习更加努力了。
With so many things to deal with, I can't go on holiday.
有这么多事情要处理，我不能去度假。
I like to sleep with the windows open.我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。
She left the room with all the lights on.
她离开了房间，所有的灯都开着。
特别提示
with复合结构在句中还可作定语。
A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the room.
一个缺了两颗门牙的小男孩跑进了房间。
语境助记
Esteban had been cycling as hard as he could for hours and with the finishing line in sight all the cyclists began to speed up to cross it. 埃斯特班已经竭尽全力骑了数小时，终点线就在眼前，所有自行车手都开始加速冲线。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①With all the work ____________
(finish)，they hurried back home for lunch.
②With a lot of problems ____________ (settle)，I can't go skating with you.
③The manager came in with his assistant ____________ (follow) him.
④A young lady came up to me ____________ some literature books in her hand.
⑤The old man walked in with a stick ____________ his hand.
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The club is eager to protect and ____________ (提高) that reputation.
2．We interviewed a number of candidates but none of them ____________ (给……留下深刻印象) us.
3．The area is remarkable for its ____________(风景)，which attracts many visitors from all over the world.
4．He had nothing to do but ____________(煮沸) the water and make the tea.
5．There's still an ____________ (气氛) of great hostility and tension in the city.
6．There are two ____________ (版本) of the game，a long one and a short one.
7．The ____________ (年纪较大的) are a strong force in the election.
8．As to my life，by the time I was 30，we had three ____________ (可爱的) children.
9．He is a ____________ (温和的) and intellectual man，who is reasonable almost to the point of blandness.
10．Black coffee leaves a ____________ (味苦的) taste in the mouth.
Ⅱ.短语填空
throw oneself into, I'll bet, impress...with, make a deep impression on
1．She was a teacher of great wisdom who ________ us ________ the importance of learning English.
2．The scientific discovery ____________ him, which made him devote his life to scientific research.
3．People ____________ the arms of nature and this is the perfect combination of mankind and nature.
4．____________ the container can hold 1，000 kilograms of water.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．This is an opportunity ____________ (enhance) the reputation of the company.
2．Sherlock is impressed ____________ the teachers and the advanced equipment in his new school.In other words，the new school leaves a deep impression ____________ him.
3．The teacher tries to create an atmosphere __________ the students like studying.
4．With the college entrance examination approaching, it's time that I should throw myself ____________ my study.
5．In the past three years，the number of the students in our school ____________ (increase) by 30%.
6．The discussion started off ____________ (mild) enough.
7．Pandas are really ____________ (adore).
8．This tradition which gives kids money in the Spring Festival is also ____________ (firm) rooted in the past.
9．She remained ____________ (bitter) opposed to the idea of moving abroad.
10．____________ the name suggests，study hard and you will get good results.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．孔子不仅是一位伟大的老师，也是一位著名的思想家。
Not only ______________， but ______________．(倒装)
2．凯茜在儿子出生时就辞掉了工作，这样她就可以待在家里照顾他。
Cathy quit her job when her son was born ________________. (so that)
3．汤姆的确每天早上7：30到这儿，但今天他还没露面。
Tom ________________ at 7：30 am every day, but today he hasn't turned up. (强调谓语)
4．我对这个地方不熟悉，因为我是第一次来这儿。
I was unfamiliar with this place, as I came here ________________. (time)
Section B Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．enhance 2.steak 3.pan 4.buffet 5.bay 6.scenery 7.bet 8.atmosphere 9.version 10.elderly 11.flour
12．mild 13.tiramisu 14.layer 15.cheese
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．boil; boiling 2.fry; fried 3.impress; impressive; impression 4.filling; fill 5.bake; bakery 6.adorable; adore; adoration 7.bitter; bitterly; bitterness
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．come across 2.step by step 3.throw oneself into
4．be impressed by... 5.better still 6.get bored with...
7．make an announcement 8.hand in 9.out of this world
10．pick up
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．so that others can follow them step by step
2．Not only is cooking at home cheaper
3．No wonder
4．with its walls painted white and light blue
核心突破·互动探究
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1．①enhancement ②enhanced ③enhances
2．①into ②up ③off ④throw myself into my study completely ⑤throws light on ⑥throw it away
3．①on ②impression ③with ④impressive ⑤was impressed ⑥impressed; with; were impressed with; left a deep impression on
4．①view ②scene ③sight ④scenery ⑤The stage scenery for the play
5．①on ②on ③that ④on ⑤on ⑥with ⑦on
6．①where ②where ③which
7.①adorable ②for ③adoration
8．①暖和的 ②淡味的 ③不严重的 ④mildly ⑤to put
第二版块|重点句型解构
1．①so that/in order that ②in order to/so as to ③In order to ④In order that
2．①did he go to school late ②had I heard ③does he study well ④No longer will I believe a word you say. ⑤Seldom have I met such a determined person in my life. ⑥Never could theory do without practice.
3．①It ②in ③a
4．①finished ②to settle ③following ④with ⑤in
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．enhance 2.impressed 3.scenery 4.boil 5.atmosphere
6．versions 7.elderly 8.adorable 9.mild 10.bitter
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．impressed; with 2.made a deep impression on 3.throw themselves into 4.I'll bet
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．to enhance 2.with/by; on 3.where 4.into 5.has increased 6.mildly 7.adorable 8.firmly 9.bitterly 10.As
Ⅳ. 完成句子
1．was Confucius a great teacher; he was also a famous thinker
2．so that she could stay at home to look after him
3．does arrive here
4．for the first time
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共132张PPT)
Section B
Grammar and usage & Integrated skills
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．________________ vt. 提高，增强
2．________________ n. 牛排；肉排，肉块
3．________________ n. 平锅，平底锅
4．________________ n. 自助餐
5．________________ n. (海或湖的)湾
6．________________ n. 风景，景色；舞台布景
7．________________ n. 打赌，赌注；预计，估计
enhance
steak
pan
buffet
bay
scenery
bet
8．________________ n. 气氛，氛围；大气；气体；空气
9．________________ n. 变体，变种；说法；版本
10．________________ adj. 年纪较大的，上了年纪的
11．________________ n. 面粉
12．________________ adj. 不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的
13．________________ n. 提拉米苏
14．________________ n. 层，表层；层次
15．________________ n. 干酪，奶酪
atmosphere
version
elderly
flour
mild
tiramisu
layer
cheese
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ vt.& vi.用沸水煮；(使)沸腾→________ adj.炽热的；很热的
2．________ vt.& vi.油炸，油煎→________ adj.油炸的
3．________ vt.& vi. 使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→ ________ adj.感人的；令人钦佩的；给人以深刻印象的→________ n．印象；感想
4．________ n．(糕点等的)馅→________ v．(使)充满，装满
boil
boiling
fry
fried
impress
impressive
impression
filling
fill
5．________ vt.& vi.烘烤；烤硬→________ n．面包(糕饼)店
6．________ adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的→________ vt.热爱，爱慕(某人)→ ________ n．热爱；爱慕；敬慕；崇拜
7．________ adj.味苦的；激烈的；令人难过的；严寒的→________ adv.伤心地；愤怒地；极其；非常→________ n．苦味；苦难；怨恨
bake
bakery
adorable
adore
adoration
bitter
bitterly
bitterness
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 偶然遇到，碰见
2．________________ 逐步地
3．________________ 投身于，热衷于
4．________________ 对……印象深刻
5．________________ 更好的是
6．________________ 对……感到厌倦
come across
step by step
throw oneself into
be impressed by...
better still
get bored with...
7．________________ 发表公告
8．________________ 上交，提交
9．________________ 好(或美等)得不得了，非凡
10．________________ 拿起，提起
make an announcement
hand in
out of this world
pick up
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．它们由用户上传，并提供详细的说明，以便其他人可以一步一步地遵循它们。
They are uploaded by users, and offer detailed instructions _________________________________.
2．在家做饭不仅更便宜，而且我可以做我想要吃的东西。
__________________________， but I can cook exactly what I want.
so that others can follow them step by step
Not only is cooking at home cheaper
3．难怪人们说什么也比不上家里做得好吃！
_________ people say nothing beats home cooking!
4．它的墙壁被漆成了白色和浅蓝色，气氛活泼而现代。
The atmosphere is lively and modern, ____________________________．
No wonder
with its walls painted white and light blue
第一版块|重点词汇诠释
1)enhance vt.提高，增强，增加 enhanced adj.提高的 enhancement n．[U，C]提高)
(1)enhance the quality of life 提高生活质量
enhance the reputation of the company 提高公司声誉
enhance the price of land 提高地价
enhance the operation effectiveness 增强手术效果
enhance friendship and unity 增进友谊和团结
enhance the best features 突出最好的特征
(2)equipment for the enhancement of sound quality
音质提升设备
software enhancements 软件增强设备
It has enhanced the quality of my life, improving my health and increasing my happiness.它提高了我的生活质量，改善了我的健康状况，增加了我的幸福感。
This is an opportunity to enhance the reputation of the company by accident.
这是一个偶然提高公司声誉的机会。
Music is merely an enhancement to the power of her words.
音乐只不过是对她文字力量的一个提升。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①The company is always seeking the ____________ (enhance) of its products.
②The invention enriched him and ____________ (enhance) his reputation.
③The growth of a city often ____________ (enhance) the price of land close to it.
enhancement
enhanced
enhances
(2)throw oneself into 投身于，热衷于
throw...into 把……扔进；使……陷入某种状态；投身于……
throw on 匆匆穿上(衣服)
throw away 扔掉；浪费；失去
throw off 匆匆脱掉(衣服)；甩掉；摆脱
throw sb. in prison＝put sb. in prison 把某人关进监狱
throw up 呕出(食物)；呕吐
throw light on sth. (提供新资料)使某事更易理解
She threw herself into voluntary affairs.
她投身于志愿事业。
They threw themselves heart and soul into the project.
他们全心全意地投入到这个项目中。
Take what you want and throw the rest away.
拿你想要的，其余的扔掉。
she entered the room and threw off her wet coat.
她一进屋就脱掉了湿漉漉的大衣。
He got terribly drunk and was throwing up for most of the night.他喝得烂醉，呕吐了大半夜。
Two recent papers have thrown light on these questions.
最近的两篇论文阐明了这些问题。
联想拓展
表示“投身于，热衷于”的短语
be keen on
be on fire for
be enthusiastic about
go in for
be devoted to
即学即练 单句语法填空/用throw的相关短语完成句子
①The meeting was thrown ____________ disorder.
②Mike got sick and threw ____________ everything he had eaten.
③Throw ____________ all your unpleasant memories.
④我打算在余下的学年里全身心投入到学业当中。
I decide to ______________________________for the rest of the school year.
into
up
off
throw myself into my study completely
⑤这本书说明了全球气候变化带来的影响。
This book ______________ the effects of global climate change.
⑥这或许是你能得到的最好的机会。别白白错过了！
This could be the best chance you will ever have. Don't ______________！
throws light on
throw it away
3)impress vt.& vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到
(1)impress sb. with/by... 以……给某人留下深刻印象
impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人了解某事的重要性或严重性等
be impressed with 对……印象深刻
be impressed by 对……印象深刻；被……所感动
(2)impression n. 印象，感想
give the impression of... 给人……的印象
my first impression of sb. is...
我对某人的第一印象是……
leave/make a(n)... impression on sb.
给某人留下……的印象
(3)impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的；令人钦佩的
The deaf singer impressed all the judges and the audience with her amazing performance.这名失聪歌手以令人惊叹的表演给所有评委和观众留下了深刻印象。
My parents impressed on me the importance of receiving a good education.我父母使我认识到接受良好教育的重要性。
For years，my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare.I was so impressed by how selfless she was.多年来，我的母亲一直尽力省下食物来帮助他们。她那么无私，让我非常钦佩。
Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home.威廉姆斯对本杰明印象深刻，给了他两本关于绘画的经典书籍让他带回家。
She gives the impression of being very busy.
她给人的印象是特别忙。
She tried to make a good impression on the interviewer.
她努力给主持面试者留下好印象。
His collection of paintings is the most impressive.
他的绘画集是最令人印象深刻的。
特别提示
impress不用于impress sb.sth.结构，其间接宾语由介词on引出；impress不用于进行时。
即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译
①My father impressed ________ me the value of hard work.
②I'd like to share with you my ________ (impress) of Paris.
③That year，one of Benjamin's cousins，Mr.Pennington, came to visit.He was impressed ________ Benjamin's drawings.
④This film is so __________ (impress) that we can't help crying.
⑤I ____________ (impress) with her amazing performance.
on
impression
with
impressive
was impressed
⑥人们对他流利的中文印象深刻。
He ________ people ________ his fluent Chinese.
＝People _________________ his fluent Chinese.
＝His fluent Chinese ____________________ people.
impressed
with
were impressed with
left a deep impression on
4)scenery n.风景，景色；舞台布景
enjoy the scenery 欣赏风景
attractive scenery 迷人的风景
beautiful/charming/fine scenery 美丽的风景
natural scenery 自然风景
picturesque scenery 景色如画；山清水秀
the artificial scenery spots 人工景点
For the first few hundred kilometers of the journey, the scenery was very colourful.
在最初几百公里的旅程中，景色非常丰富多彩。
On the way，you'll view some of Australia's unique scenery from the superb Blue Mountains to the treeless plains of the Nullarbor.在旅途中，你将欣赏到一些澳大利亚特有的美景，既有巍峨秀美的蓝山山脉，也有望不见树木的纳拉伯平原。
比较
scene/scenery/view/sight
·scene是可数名词，指“一眼可以看到的风景”，不限于自然景色。
·scenery是不可数名词，指某一地区总的自然景色，由多个scene组成。
·view指从某个角度，尤其是从远处或高处看到的景色。
·sight指“风景，名胜”，常用复数形式，尤指人文景观。
即学即练 选词填空(scenery, scene, view, sight)/完成句子
①My ____________ of the harbour was blocked by the new building.
②The boats in the harbour make a beautiful ____________．
③The sunset is a very beautiful ____________．
④For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away by car and offers all the ____________ of the better known city.
⑤那出戏的舞台布景一定很费钱。
____________________________ must have cost too much.
view
scene
sight
scenery
The stage scenery for the play
5)bet n.打赌，赌注；预计，估计 vi.&vt.(bet，bet)下赌注，打赌；敢说
make/place a bet (with sb.)on... 就……(与某人)打赌
have a bet on sth. 下赌注于……；用……打赌
win/lose a bet 赢/输一场赌
on a bet 打赌
I bet 我敢说；我敢保证
You bet (口语)当然/真的/的确
a safe bet 合适的东西
bet with sb. 与某人打赌
bet on sth. 赌……
bet sb. sth. on (doing) sth. 拿某物打赌某人(做)某事
you can bet your life/your bottom dollar on sth./(that)...
肯定……；毫无疑问……
My bet is that they've got held up in traffic.
我估计他们是堵车了。
For this race，though，he had already placed a bet on one of the horses.不过，这次赛马，他已经在其中的一匹马上下了注。
He made a bet with me on whether the famous actress would come.
他和我打赌，赌那位有名的女演员是否会来。
John is a lucky dog，and he just won 100 dollars on a bet.
约翰真是个幸运儿，他与人打赌刚赢了100美元。
—I'm moving in a few days and I wonder if you could help.
我过几天就要搬家了，不知道你能不能帮忙。
—You bet.Just let me know when，and I'll be there.
当然。告诉我时间，我会去的。
Singleton wants to bet with you on the election.
辛莱顿想就这次选举和你打赌。
Would you bet on the future of this man
你要对这个人的未来下赌注吗？
Clothes are a safe bet as a present for a teenager.
衣服适合作为送给十几岁孩子的礼物。
You can bet your bottom dollar that he'll be late.他肯定会迟到。
特别提示
bet的宾语可以是一个(所赌之物或打赌的对象)，也可以是两个(一个间接宾语，一个直接宾语)，还可以是三个(一个间接宾语，两个直接宾语)。在形式上则可以是名词、代词，也可以是从句。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①I bet you two cents ____________ his winning.
②Let's make a bet ____________ whether our national football team will win next season.
③He bets me ten dollars ____________ John won't come.
④I'm hoping Korea wins，but I wouldn't bet ____________ it.
⑤The drunk man lost his fortune ____________ a bet.
⑥She didn't intend to bet ________ me on the result of the race.
⑦We have a bet ________ who's going to arrive first.
on
on
that
on
on
with
on
6)atmosphere n.气氛，氛围；大气；气体；空气
the upper atmosphere 高层大气
pollution of the atmosphere 大气污染
family/home atmosphere 家庭气氛
academic atmosphere 学术氛围
atmosphere of peace and calm 平和宁静的气氛
Pale wooden floors and plenty of natural light add to the relaxed atmosphere.
淡色木地板和充足的自然光增添了几分轻松的氛围。
There is an atmosphere of peace and calm in the country quite different from the atmosphere of a big city.
在乡间有一种平和宁静的气氛，与大城市的气氛截然不同。
A few plants in an office can improve the atmosphere.
在办公室里摆些植物可以改善空气。
The spacecraft burned up as it re entered the earth's atmosphere.
宇宙飞船重新进入地球大气层时被烧毁了。
名师点津
在定语从句中，当atmosphere, position, point, case, stage, situation, environment等表示抽象地点的名词作先行词时，若定语从句中缺少地点状语，则用关系副词where或“介词＋which”引导从句。
①The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.这家公司的老板正设法营造一种轻松的氛围，使他的员工喜欢他们的工作。
②I have reached a point in my life where I am supposed to make decisions of my own.我已经到了得自己拿主意的人生阶段。
易混比较
atmosphere与air
·atmosphere指围绕地球的空气，即大气层；也指气氛。
·air指空气，也泛指一般气体(go outside to get some fresh air出去呼吸些新鲜空气)。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①Creating an atmosphere ________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
②Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
③Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu，allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in ____________ they are dining.
where
where
which
7)adorable adj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的
(1)adore vt. 爱慕；崇拜；很喜欢
adore sb. for sth. 因……而敬佩某人
adore doing sth. 非常喜欢做某事
(2)adoring adj. 崇拜的，敬仰的
adoration n. 崇拜；爱慕；热爱；喜爱
By the time I was 30，we had three adorable children.
到我30岁时，我们有了3个非常可爱的孩子。
Oh，what an adorable little baby!
哦，多么可爱的小宝宝！
She adored her parents and would do anything to please them.
她敬爱她的父母，而且会做任何事来让他们高兴。
People adore him for his noble character.
人们因他的高尚品格而敬爱他。
The handsome singer had many adoring fans before him.
那个帅气的歌手面前有很多崇拜他的狂热仰慕者。
John doesn't hide his adoration for the girl.
约翰并不掩饰自己对那姑娘的爱慕。
词语辨析
cute多用于口语，形容伶俐，多修饰小孩、小动物等有生命的；
lovely用于正式语，可以形容人或动物，有时候也形容无生命的物件；
adorable是指那种让人看了会心一笑的可爱，一般是长辈用来形容孩子讨喜，比cute程度深。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①There are so many ____________ (adore) animals out there，but they all need a home.
②The students adore him ____________ his profound knowledge.
③She needs and wants to be loved with overwhelming passion and ____________ (adore).
adorable
for
adoration
8)mild adj.不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的
(1)mild climate/weather 温和的气候/天气
mild irritation/amusement/disapproval
几分恼怒/喜悦/不赞成
mild punishment/criticism 轻微的惩罚/和善的批评
a mild form of the disease 病势不重
a mild curry 淡味咖喱
mild cheese 淡味奶酪
(2)mildly adv. 柔和地；和善地；轻微地
to put it mildly 说得婉转些；说得好听一点儿
mildly surprised/irritated/interested
有点儿吃惊/生气/感兴趣
Teddy turned to Mona with a look of mild confusion.
泰迪表情略带困惑地向莫娜求助。
That coat is too heavy for such a mild day.
这样暖和的天气，穿那件大衣太厚了。
He gave a mild answer, in spite of his anger.
尽管他十分恼火，他还是态度温和地回答了。
The result was unfortunate，to put it mildly.
＝It was extremely unfortunate.
说得好听一点儿，结果是不幸的。
Josephine must have had the disease very mildly as she showed no symptoms.
约瑟芬那时一定病得很轻，因为她没表现出什么症状。
即学即练 写出句中mild的含义/单句语法填空
①The area is famous for its very mild winter climate.____________
②This cheese has a soft，mild flavour.____________
③I've had occasional mild headaches all my life.____________
④After reading these first two parts, you might feel ____________ (mild) depressed.
⑤The new film has not been a great success, ____________ (put) it mildly.
暖和的
淡味的
不严重的
mildly
to put
第二版块|重点句型解构
1)(教材原句)They are uploaded by users, and offer detailed instructions so that others can follow them step by step．
它们由用户上传，并提供详细的说明，以便其他人可以一步一步地遵循它们。)
[句式分析] 本句中so that引导目的状语从句
so that引导目的状语从句的用法
(1)so that引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便，为了”。此时，从句谓语常含有can/could/might/would/will等情态动词。
I'll give you all the facts so that you can judge by yourself.
我会给你所有事实，以便你能自己作出判断。
(2)其同义短语in order that也可引导目的状语从句，in order that可用于句首，但so that不用于句首。
Bring it closer so that/in order that I can see it more clearly.
拿近一些，好让我看得更清楚。
In order that she could catch the first bus，she got up very early.为了能够赶上第一班公共汽车，她起得很早。
注意：当so that/in order that引导的从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可将从句简化为in order to/so as to结构。
so as to不能放在句首，而in order to可以放在句首。
We must study hard so that/in order that we could realize our dreams.
＝We study hard so as/in order to be able to realize our dreams.为了实现我们的梦想，我们必须努力学习。
即学即练 一句多译
为了能准时到达那里，他早早就出发了。
①He set out early ________________ he could arrive there on time.
②He set out early ________________ arrive there on time.
③___________ arrive there on time, he set out early.
④____________ he could arrive there on time, he set out early.
so that/in order that
in order to/so as to
In order to
In order that
(2)（教材原句）Not only is cooking at home cheaper， but I can cook exactly what I wantＷ．
在家烹饪不仅便宜，而且我能烹饪我想要吃的东西。
[句式分析] 本句中Not only...but...连接了两个并列分句，且Not only位于句首，该分句使用了倒装语序，但but also后的分句不倒装。
not only置于句首的部分倒装
只把谓语的一部分(助动词、系动词be或情态动词)置于主语之前的句子，叫部分倒装句。not only位于句首，其所在的分句要用部分倒装，but (also)所在的分句不倒装。
Not only did he speak more correctly，but he spoke more fluently.他不仅讲得更准确，也讲得更流利了。
Not only are they housed，fed，and washed for free；not only do they receive medical care for every physical need，but now their mental well being is also cared for by adoring owners.
它们不仅被免费安置、喂养和清洗；它们不仅可以接受每一项身体需要的医疗服务，而且现在它们的精神健康也受到了宠爱它们的主人的照顾。
下列情况也用部分倒装
(1)具有否定意义的副词(never，nor，not，hardly，barely，rarely，little，seldom，nowhere等)或含否定词的介词短语(at no time，by no means，in no case，in no way，on no condition，on no account，under/in no circumstances等)置于句首时，句子需要用部分倒装。
Never before have I seen such a moving film.
我以前从未看过这么感人的电影。
At no time did anyone involved speak to the media.
任何相关人员都没有向媒体发表过言论。
Little does he realize how important this meeting is.
他不明白这个会议有多重要。
Hardly does she have time to have a cup of tea with her friends.
她几乎没有时间和她的朋友一起喝杯茶。
(2)当“only＋状语(从句)”位于句首时，句子/主句习惯上用部分倒装。
句型：Only＋状语/状语从句＋连系动词be/助动词/情态动词＋主语＋其他。
Only then did I recognize him.
直到那时我才认出了他。
名师点津
当“not only...but (also)”结构连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的数跟but also后面的名词保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another.
不但你，而且他也厌倦了一次又一次的考试。
语境助记
Only in this way can we calm the little girl down.只有这样我们才能使这个小女孩平静下来。
即学即练 完成句子/用倒装结构改写句子。
①Seldom __________________ (他上学很少迟到) when he was a junior student.
②John talked with me for about an hour yesterday. Never ____________ (我从没听到过) him talk so much.
③Not only __________________(他不仅学习好), but also he is always ready to help others.
did he go to school late
had I heard
does he study well
④I will no longer believe a word you say.
→__________________________________________
⑤I have seldom met such a determined person in my life.
→__________________________________________
⑥Theory could never do without practice.
→__________________________________________
No longer will I believe a word you say.
Seldom have I met such a determined person in my life.
Never could theory do without practice.
3)(教材原句)No wonder people say nothing beats home cooking！
难怪人们说什么也比不上家里做得好吃！
[句式分析] No wonder＋句子
It is no wonder (that)...＝No wonder (that)... 难怪……
It is a wonder (that)... 令人惊奇的是……
in wonder 惊讶地
do/work wonders 创造奇迹
No wonder you can't sleep when you eat so much.
你吃这么多，难怪睡不着。
It is no wonder that he should have succeeded.
他成功了是不足为奇的。
It is a wonder that the boy set down 1，000 words during his trip to Mount Tai.这个男孩在泰山之旅中记下了一千个字，真令人惊叹。
The boy stared at the stranger in wonder.
那个男孩惊奇地盯着那个陌生人。
Patience and perseverance will do wonders.
耐心和毅力可产生奇迹。
名师点津
wonder还可以作动词
vt. & vi.(对……)感到惊讶/诧异
vt. 想知道；琢磨
wonder at/about对……疑惑/奇怪
wonder＋wh 对……感到奇怪；想知道……
wonder if/whether想知道是否……
即学即练 单句语法填空
①____________ is no wonder that he didn't want to go.
②The girls stared ____________ wonder at her new dress.
③It is ____________ wonder that he survived the plane crash.
It
in
a
4)(教材原句)The atmosphere is lively and modern, with its walls painted white and light blue．
它的墙壁被漆成了白色和浅蓝色，气氛活泼而现代。
[句式分析] with its walls painted white and light blue是with复合结构。
构成：with＋宾语＋宾补
Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction, with only a few elderly speakers left.在总共6 800种语言中已经有400多种濒临灭绝，只剩下少数老年人在使用。
With the final exam approaching，the students are studying harder.随着期末考试的临近，学生们学习更加努力了。
With so many things to deal with, I can't go on holiday.
有这么多事情要处理，我不能去度假。
I like to sleep with the windows open.我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。
She left the room with all the lights on.
她离开了房间，所有的灯都开着。
特别提示
with复合结构在句中还可作定语。
A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the room.
一个缺了两颗门牙的小男孩跑进了房间。
语境助记
Esteban had been cycling as hard as he could for hours and with the finishing line in sight all the cyclists began to speed up to cross it. 埃斯特班已经竭尽全力骑了数小时，终点线就在眼前，所有自行车手都开始加速冲线。
即学即练 单句语法填空
①With all the work ____________
(finish)，they hurried back home for lunch.
②With a lot of problems ____________ (settle)，I can't go skating with you.
③The manager came in with his assistant ____________ (follow) him.
④A young lady came up to me ____________ some literature books in her hand.
⑤The old man walked in with a stick ____________ his hand.
finished
to settle
following
with
in
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The club is eager to protect and ____________ (提高) that reputation.
2．We interviewed a number of candidates but none of them ____________ (给……留下深刻印象) us.
3．The area is remarkable for its ____________(风景)，which attracts many visitors from all over the world.
4．He had nothing to do but ____________(煮沸) the water and make the tea.
enhance
impressed
scenery
boil
5．There's still an ____________ (气氛) of great hostility and tension in the city.
6．There are two ____________ (版本) of the game，a long one and a short one.
7．The ____________ (年纪较大的) are a strong force in the election.
8．As to my life，by the time I was 30，we had three ____________ (可爱的) children.
atmosphere
versions
elderly
adorable
9．He is a ____________ (温和的) and intellectual man，who is reasonable almost to the point of blandness.
10．Black coffee leaves a ____________ (味苦的) taste in the mouth.
mild
bitter
Ⅱ.短语填空
throw oneself into, I'll bet, impress...with, make a deep impression on
1．She was a teacher of great wisdom who ________ us ________ the importance of learning English.
2．The scientific discovery ________________________ him, which made him devote his life to scientific research.
3．People ____________________ the arms of nature and this is the perfect combination of mankind and nature.
4．________ the container can hold 1，000 kilograms of water.
impressed
with
made a deep impression on
throw themselves into
I'll bet
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．This is an opportunity ____________ (enhance) the reputation of the company.
2．Sherlock is impressed ____________ the teachers and the advanced equipment in his new school.In other words，the new school leaves a deep impression ____________ him.
3．The teacher tries to create an atmosphere __________ the students like studying.
to enhance
with/by
on
where
4．With the college entrance examination approaching, it's time that I should throw myself ____________ my study.
5．In the past three years，the number of the students in our school ____________ (increase) by 30%.
6．The discussion started off ____________ (mild) enough.
7．Pandas are really ____________ (adore).
8．This tradition which gives kids money in the Spring Festival is also ____________ (firm) rooted in the past.
into
has increased
mildly
adorable
firmly
9．She remained ____________ (bitter) opposed to the idea of moving abroad.
10．____________ the name suggests，study hard and you will get good results.
bitterly
As
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．孔子不仅是一位伟大的老师，也是一位著名的思想家。
Not only ____________________， but _____________________．(倒装)
2．凯茜在儿子出生时就辞掉了工作，这样她就可以待在家里照顾他。
Cathy quit her job when her son was born ______________________
__________________. (so that)
was Confucius a great teacher
he was also a famous thinker
so that she could stay at home to look after him
3．汤姆的确每天早上7：30到这儿，但今天他还没露面。
Tom ______________ at 7：30 am every day, but today he hasn't turned up. (强调谓语)
4．我对这个地方不熟悉，因为我是第一次来这儿。
I was unfamiliar with this place, as I came here ________________. (time)
does arrive here
for the first time
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共12小题；每小题2.5分，满分30分)
A
Cells in our brain usually send “stop eating” signal when we've had enough. But after mice ate fatty foods for just two weeks, their brains' brake on overeating quieted down. That finding may help explain the complex link between food and appetite that can become disordered when people overeat.
Food is essential to life. Our brains have, therefore, evolved a series of systems to make sure we eat enough. Garret Stuber, a neuroscientist at the University of Washington, together with his team took aim at one brain area known to be involved in eating behaviors.
This lateral hypothalamus (下丘脑外侧区) contains many diverse cells. Stuber's group looked at the behaviors of genes in the cells here. And in one type—glutamatergic nerve (谷氨酸能神经) cells—big differences appear between fat mice and lean ones.
Earlier work by Stuber's group had suggested that these cells act like a brake on eating. When the researchers prevented these cells from firing, mice suddenly overate. They also fattened up. But it wasn't clear how the cells' activity changed as the mice transitioned from slim to fat.
“Obesity doesn't just happen overnight，” notes Stuber. To find out the secret, his group undertook a new study. They fed mice high-fat food. Now and again, they'd use a fancy microscope to look at how well the animals' glutamatergic cells could fire off signals.
Two weeks into the high-fat food—even before the mice became round—the activity of these nerve cells had slowed. It continued as the animals grew larger over a 12-week period. “The cells' activity was going down as a function of high-fat diet. The results suggest that the high-fat diet is removing the brake on eating and obesity，” explains Stuber.
It's hard to say whether similar cells normally control people's appetite. Brain-imaging tests have shown that the same brain region —the hypothalamus—plays a role when people shift between hunger and feeling full.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现下丘脑外侧区中的谷氨酸能神经细胞可以防止暴饮暴食，就像是进食的刹车，而高脂肪饮食会让这类细胞的活动减缓。所以当人们吃得过多时，食欲会变得紊乱。
1．What happened after the mice ate fatty foods for two weeks？( )
A．Their appetite was getting worse.
B．Their brains became disordered.
C．They refused to eat zero fat food.
D．They lacked a feeling of fullness.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知老鼠只吃了两周的高脂肪食物，它们的大脑对过量饮食的抑制就会平静下来。由此可知，老鼠吃了两周高脂肪食物后，发生了缺乏饱腹感的情况。故选D。
2．It can be learned from the text that glutamatergic nerve cells ________．( )
A．are easily found in lean mice
B．can prevent mice from overeating
C．function well under any condition
D．are a main part of lateral hypothalamus
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中最后一句以及第四段中前两句可知，谷氨酸能神经细胞可以防止老鼠暴饮暴食。故选B。
3．Why did Stuber's group undertake the new study？( )
A．To study the role of glutamatergic cells in mice's fattening up.
B．To find out the link between high-fat diets and obesity.
C．To find out deciding factors in mice's appetite.
D．To study the eating habit of fat mice.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可推知，Stuber的小组进行这项新的研究，是为了研究谷氨酸能细胞在老鼠增肥中的作用。故选A。
4．What is the main idea of the text？( )
A.Obesity influences glutamatergic nerves' function.
B．Glutamatergic nerves decide people's appetite.
C．High-fat diets lead to overeating.
D．Our brains control our food choices.
答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段中第二、三句可知，文章的主旨是高脂肪饮食导致暴饮暴食。故选C。
B
Competitive eating has become a big business. The International Federation of Competitive Eating (IFOCE) holds events for competitive eating all around the world. One of the most popular contests (竞赛) is held every 4th of July on Coney Island in New York. Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest started in 1916 and the event has been dominated (占据优势) by Takeru Kobayashi. The Japanese competitor set his first record in 2001, when he ate 50 hot dogs in 12 minutes and won the contest six years in a row.
The main types of food eaten in the contests are fast food. Hot dogs, chicken wings, pickles, corn dogs and pizza are main foods of the contests. The contests usually last from around 8 to 12 minutes. Now most of the competitors are men, but there are also women who take part in competitive eating.
Being large and overweight isn't necessarily an advantage in competitive eating. The biggest advantage a competitor can have is the ability to actually stretch (撑大) his/her stomach. Many competitors will drink plenty of water over a period of time in order to achieve this. Apart from having an unusually stretchable stomach, another important thing seems to be the eating speed.
The IFOCE has very strict safety guidelines laid out regarding competitive petitions must take place in a controlled area and only competitors over the age of 18 are allowed to enter. They also advise against any type of home training. There has been much talk regarding the inclusion of competitive eating as an Olympic sport. Although the IFOCE has talked about that with the International Olympic Committee, it seems that the committee will not agree to it at present.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了竞吃比赛的有关情况。
5．What can we learn about Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest？( )
A．It has a history of over 200 years.
B．It takes place once a year in Japan.
C．It is becoming less popular than before.
D．It has made Takeru Kobayashi famous.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“...dominated by Takeru Kobayashi.The Japanese competitor set his first record in 2001... won the contest six years in a row.”可知，小林尊在美国纽约举办的内森国际热狗竞吃比赛上连夺六届冠军，这使得他名声远扬。
6．What do we know about eating contests？( )
A．Fast food is the only type of food.
B．They usually last ten minutes or so.
C．Only men are allowed to enter a contest.
D．They are open to competitors of all ages.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The contests usually last from around 8 to 12 minutes.”可知，竞吃比赛通常持续十分钟左右。
7．What is the third paragraph mainly about？( )
A．How to win an eating contest.
B．The history of competitive eating.
C．Safety guidelines from the IFOCE.
D．The disadvantages of eating too much.
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。由第三段可知，能够真正撑大自己的胃是参赛者能具有的最大的优势。为了达到这一目的，许多参赛者会在一段时间内饮用大量的水。除了有一个能撑得很大的胃，另一个重要的获胜条件是吃东西的速度。所以本段主要介绍了参赛者在竞吃比赛中获胜需要具备的有利条件。
8．What's the main purpose of the text？( )
A．To report. B．To advertise.
C．To introduce. D．To warn.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了竞吃比赛受欢迎的程度、比赛中吃的主要食物、参赛人员的条件、在比赛中获胜需要具备的优势、竞吃比赛的安全指南等。所以作者写这篇文章的目的就是要介绍竞吃比赛的有关情况。
C
One morning, Charlie Latuske woke up feverish in his home in Surrey in the UK, leaving him unable to function and in need of a doctor. He'd had a sore throat (咽喉痛) for a few days, believing it would get better, but that morning in August 2017, he knew that he had to do something about it.
“I was quite out of it，” said 27-year-old Latuske, who was also due to go on vacation with his wife in just three days.
Short on time, he feared the idea of calling his local physician only to wait days or even a week for an appointment, or to wait in a long line for an emergency appointment. “I just needed to be seen without messing around with long lines of people，” he said. “When you're that ill, that's the last thing you want to do.”
These days, this solution is somewhat easier, thanks to the Internet.
Latuske's wife showed him a private medical app with which he could see a doctor within the hour—virtually. For a fee of ￡30, he could sign up, share his symptoms (症状) and video-call a doctor in the UK using the digital health provider Push Doctor. The app is one of many now available in the UK and worldwide to help people in need of medical attention who are unable to get to a doctor for various reasons.
“I was highly skeptical，” he said, adding that he didn't trust such a service and questioned the credentials (资格) of doctors available through it. “But I was in great need of a doctor.”
Within 20 minutes, he was speaking with a doctor, who soon diagnosed him with tonsillitis (扁桃体炎).
Within the hour, he was at his nearest pharmacy (药房), collecting medicines. And three days later, he was on vacation, as planned.
“I was impressed by the efficiency of the whole thing，” he said.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Charlie Latuske利用科技求医的经历。
9．What was Latuske's concern about seeing a doctor？( )
A．He had to do a check-up.
B．He would have a long wait.
C．He had to cancel his travel plans.
D．He needed to spend lots of money.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“he feared the idea of calling his local physician only to wait days or even a week for an appointment, or to wait in a long line for an emergency appointment”及Latuske所说的“I just needed to be seen without messing around with long lines of people”可知，Latuske很发愁看医生，因为他需要等几天甚至一周才能预约上医生或者需要排队等候急诊。
10．What did Latuske's wife do to help him？( )
A．She gave him some money.
B．She offered him encouragement.
C．She took him to a nearby hospital.
D．She recommended a medical app to him.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Latuske's wife showed him a private medical app with which he could see a doctor within the hour—virtually.”可知，Latuske的妻子给他推荐了一款私人医疗应用程序。
11．What does the underlined word “skeptical” in Paragraph 6 mean？( )
A．Excited. B．Thankful.
C．Doubtful. D．Annoyed.
答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“he didn't trust such a service and questioned the credentials (资格) of doctors available through it”及Latuske所说的“But I was in great need of a doctor.”可知，起初，Latuske并不信赖妻子推荐的那款应用程序。由此推断，skeptical在此应表示“怀疑的”。
12．What can we learn about the new way Latuske saw a doctor？( )
A．It was highly efficient.
B．It cost a small sum of money.
C．It needed some improvement.
D．It was less useful than expected.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Within 20 minutes, he was speaking with a doctor, who soon diagnosed him with tonsillitis (扁桃体炎).”，倒数第二段中的“Within the hour, he was at his nearest pharmacy (药房), collecting medicines.”及最后一段中Latuske所说的“I was impressed by the efficiency of the whole thing”可知，通过妻子推荐的医疗应用程序，Latuske很快就弄清楚了自己的病情，并且买到了药。由此可推断，与传统的就医方式相比，Latuske所使用的新的就医方式很高效。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
The 2019-nCoV has changed every aspect of our lives, including our eating fort food was made for times like these. 1(____) Many people are eating differently from what the trend suggests. Shopping habits have shifted in favor of convenience foods with long shelf lives that are designed to deliver pleasure.
No judgment here. 2(____) To make more money, busy parents are putting breakfast, lunch and dinner on the table between video conferences. Besides, convenience foods are engineered to taste good and make us feel good.
3(____) That's because a growing body of research is showing that green food choices not only affect our waistlines. 4(____) That does not happen in the “I can't believe I ate a dozen cookies in one siting” sort of way. Rather, there may be something in the food we're eating that's influencing our state of mind.
Nutritional psychology argues that modern Western diets have contributed to increased rates of mental illness, particularly depression. Diets rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains have been linked with lower rates of depression. 5(____)
As a third of all Americans are reporting that the 2019-nCoV pandemic has caused damage to their mental health, we might need green food more than ever.
A．Money is tight in many households.
B．Perhaps we are bored with routine work now.
C．What we drink probably affects our family atmosphere.
D．Our food choices are also changing the quality of our life.
E．A diet change of just a few weeks has been found to lift moods.
F．But you might want to save room for something green on your plate.
G．It seems the healthy-food trend that took root in recent years is changing.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了新冠病毒流行期间，绿色食物比方便食物在对人类精神的抚慰方面有更大的优势。
1．答案：G
解析：根据下一句中“the trend”可知，本句应该提到“趋势”。且G项“近年来根深蒂固的健康食品趋势似乎正在发生变化”中的“changing”与后文中的“eating differently”相呼应。故选G。
2．答案：A
解析：根据上文“No judgment here.(这里不做评断)”及后一句可知，为了赚更多的钱，忙碌的父母们在视频会议之间把早餐、午餐和晚餐放在桌子上。可推知，此处的句意与经济状况有关。A项表示大多数的家庭经济紧张，符合此处逻辑。故选A。
3．答案：F
解析：上一段讲述方便食品的优点，根据下一句可知，这是因为越来越多的研究表明，选择绿色食品不仅会影响我们的腰围。可推知，此处意思发生转折，且与绿色食品有关，F项“但你可能想留点空间吃盘子里的绿色食物”符合此处逻辑。故选F。
4．答案：D
解析：根据前一句可知，这是因为越来越多的研究表明，选择绿色食品不仅会影响我们的腰围。可推知，这是绿色食品的好处，此处应该进一步说明绿色食品对其他方面的影响。根据前句中的“not only”推测，D项表示食物的选择也影响生活的质量，符合逻辑，与下文“influencing our state of mind”呼应。故选D。
5．答案：E
解析：根据上文可知，本段讲述饮食习惯与抑郁症等精神类疾病的关系，水果、蔬菜、全谷物之类的食物与较低的抑郁症患病率有关，E项(研究发现，短短几周内改变饮食习惯就能改善情绪)是对上一句的补充，符合此处语境。故选E。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
World-famous physicist Stephen Hawking has died at the age of 76. He died 1.________ (peaceful) at his home in Cambridge in the early 2.________ (hour) of Wednesday.
peacefully
hours
Hawking was known 3.________ the public for his work with black holes and relativity, and wrote several popular science books including A Brief History of Time. At the age of 22, Prof. Hawking 4.________ (give) only a few years to live after doctors declared that he suffered from a rare disease. The illness left him in a wheelchair and he was 5.________ (able) to speak except through a voice synthesizer (合成器).
to
was given
unable
Prof.Hawking was the first 6.________ (set) out a theory of cosmology (宇宙学) explained by a union of the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. He also discovered that black holes 7.________ (leak) energy and fade to nothing—a phenomenon that would 8.________ (late) become known as Hawking radiation. Through his work with mathematician Sir Roger Penrose, he proved that Einstein's general theory of relativity suggests space and time would have a beginning in the Big Bang and 9.________ end in black holes.
to set
leak
later
an
In a statement his children praised his “courage and persistence” and said his “brilliance and humour” inspired people across the world. They added, “He once said, ‘It would not be much of a universe 10.________ it wasn't home to the people you love.’We will miss him forever.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了斯蒂芬·霍金于2018年3月14日去世， 享年76岁。并简单介绍了霍金的生平。
if
1．解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰谓语动词died, 故用副词。
2．解析：考查名词复数。the early hours“凌晨时分”为固定用法，故填hours。
3．解析：考查介词。be known to...for...“因……而为……所知”为固定用法， 故填to。
4．解析：考查时态和语态。根据表示过去的时间状语“At the age of 22”可知此处要用一般过去时； 又因为Prof. Hawking与give是动宾关系， 故用被动语态。
5．解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知， 空处要填形容词； 又因为此处表示“他不能说话”，故填unable。
6．解析：考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语， 序数词后一般用不定式作后置定语，故填to set。
7．解析：考查时态。虽然主句用了一般过去时， 但宾语从句叙述的是客观事实， 故从句要用一般现在时。
8．解析：考查副词。此处表示一个之后会作为霍金辐射而闻名的现象，故填later。
9．解析：考查冠词。前面的“a beginning”暗示这里用an end，故填an。
10．解析：考查状语从句。根据语境可知， 此处要用if引导条件状语从句， 表示“如果”。
