Section D Lesson 3 The Secrets of Your Memory
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．________________ n. 直升机
2．________________ n. 曲线，弧线
3．________________ n. 细胞
4．________________ n. (0～9的任何一个)数字
5．________________ n. 材料；资料；原料
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．arrange v．安排→________ n．计划；安排
2．child n．儿童→________ n．童年，儿童时代
3．emotion n．情感→________ adj.情感上的；情绪上的
4．excite v．(使)兴奋，(使)激动→________ n．兴奋，激动
5．photograph n．照片→________ adj.详细准确的；照片的；摄影的
6．digit n．(0～9的任何一个)数字→________ adj.数码的；数字式的
7．sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的→________ adv.急剧地；猛烈地；尖刻地；严厉地
8．time n．时间→________ adj.适时的，及时的
9．period n．一段时间；时期→________ adj.定期的→________ adv.定期地
10．memorise vt.记住，熟记→________ n．记忆
11．technique n．技巧，手法→________ adj.技术的；技巧的
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下面短语的汉意
1．facts and arrangements ________________
2．emotional connections ________________
3．strong feelings of fear or excitement ________________
4．again and again ________________
5．as a result ________________
6．be curious about... ________________
7．help with memorisation ________________
8．effective technique ________________
9．publish a book ________________
10．a forgetting curve ________________
11．the sharpest loss of memory ________________
12．timely review ________________
13．brain cells ________________
14．make the statement convincing ________________
15．signal words ________________
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英文短语
1．________________ 有照相记忆能力
2．________________ 圆周率位数
3．________________ 在直升机里
4．________________ 擅长
5．________________ 在有限的时间内
6．________________ 集中于
7．________________ 定期复习材料
8．________________ 放轻松
9．________________ 谈及；就……而言
10．________________ 充分利用；很好地使用
11．________________ 热情洋溢地；狂热地
12．________________ 倾向于/往往会做某事
Ⅰ.课文思维导图
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．Which of the following statements can't account for the reason why we can remember events in our childhood
A．We remember things that have strong emotional connections.
B.We often have strong feelings the first time we experience things.
C．We retell events to fix experiences in our memories.
D．The brainpower in one's childhood is stronger than that in the youth.
2．According to the passage, how can we memorise detailed learning materials
a．focus on important ideas
b．be curious about what we learn
c．learn important information by heart in the morning
d．ask questions about what we learn
e．group similar ideas or information
A．abd B．abde
C．bcde D．bce
3．What implication does the forgetting curve give us
A.We should recite as much as possible in the early morning.
B．We should review what we've learnt as much as possible.
C．We should review the material periodically.
D．We should wait to review everything before exams.
4．At what age does our memory reach its full power
A．16. B. 25. C. 40. D. 20.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
We can remember events in our childhood 1.________ when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or 2.________ (excite). Also, interesting or funny stories from our childhood are often told again and again. As 3.________ result, we remember them much better. Up to now, no one 4.________ (prove) that there are people who really have photographic memories. When 5.________ (memorise) detailed learning materials, we need to focus 6.________ the important ideas. Another 7.________ (effect) technique is to group similar ideas or information. 8.________ (prevent) us from the loss of memory, one golden rule is to review the material 9.________ (period). Our memory reaches its full power at the age of 25 and lose 10，000 brain cells every day by the age of 40. By middle age, our memory is significantly 10.________ (bad) than when we were young.
[词汇注释]
①childhood/'t a ldh d/n.童年，儿童时代
※in one's childhood
在某人的童年时代
②emotional/ 'm n l/
adj.情感上的；情绪上的
③for the first time
第一次
④excitement/ k'sa tm nt/
n．兴奋，激动
※to one's excitement
令某人兴奋的是
in excitement兴奋地
a sense of excitement兴奋感
⑤again and again
再三地，反复地
⑥as a result结果
※as a result of由于……的结果
⑦photographic
/ f t 'gr f k/adj.详细准确的；照片的；摄影的
⑧digit/'d d t/n.(0～9的任何一个)数字
⑨pi(π)/pa /n.圆周率
⑩helicopter/'hel k pt /
n．直升机
be good at擅长
for a limited time
在有限的时间内
memorisation
/ mem ra 'ze n/n.记忆
technique/tek'ni k/n.
技巧，手法
publish/'p bl /vt. & vi.出版；发表；刊登
curve/k v/n.曲线，弧线
according to据……所示，按……所说
sharp/ ɑ p/adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的
※sharpen v．(使)变锋利；(使)提高
timely/'ta mli/
adj.适时的，及时的
※timely review及时的复习
significantly adv.极大地；显著地；明显地
periodically/ p ri' d kli/
adv.定期地
※review...periodically定期复习……
cell/sel/n.细胞
take it easy放轻松
at a good age
处于尚佳的年龄
make good use of...
充分利用……,
[教材原文]
Memory expert Jemima Gryaznov answers some of the most common questions about memory.
1 Why can I remember events in my childhood① but not what happened last week
We remember things that have strong connections in our mind，especially emotional② connections. Childhood memories are often very emotional. This is because when we experience things for the first time③， we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement④. Also, interesting or funny stories from our childhood are often told again and again⑤. As a result⑥， we remember them much better, as retelling events helps fix experiences in our memories.
What can we learn from all this When remembering something new, try to connect it to our emotions. It is important to connect it with what we already know. Also, we can try to retell what we have learnt to a few others.
2 Do some people really have a photographic⑦ memory
※This is because...这是因为……。because引导表语从句；when引导时间状语从句。
A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one has proved that there are people who really have photographic memories. Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories. For example, Daniel Tammet can remember the first 22，514 digits⑧ of pi(π)⑨ and Stephen Wiltshire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter⑩. They are both good at remembering particular things for a limited time .
As most of us do not have amazing memories like them, when memorising detailed learning materials, we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn. Asking questions about what we learn also helps with memorisation . Another effective technique to remember things is to group similar ideas or information together so that they can be easily connected to things that are already known.
3 Why do I forget the new words that I learnt yesterday
Don't worry. This is natural for many people. In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus published a book called Memory and presented a famous forgetting curve . According to him, the sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after learning. This means timely review during this period, with a few revisits to what is learnt, can significantly help us to remember the information.
Therefore, one of the golden rules to increase how much we remember is to review the material periodically , especially during the first day after learning. This “spaced review” soon after learning helps build stronger memories and it is more effective than waiting to review everything before exams.
▲The Forgetting Curve,
4 I'm 16, but I sometimes forget things. Is my memory getting worse
Definitely not. Our memory reaches its full power at the age of 25. At that point, we can remember up to 200 pieces of information in a second. After this age, however, the brain starts to get smaller. By the age of 40, we lose 10，000 brain cells every day. By middle age, our memory is significantly worse than when we were young.
So take it easy . You are at a good age in terms of your memory. Make good use of it！,
[汉语译文]
记忆专家杰迈玛·格里耶兹诺夫回答了一些关于记忆的最常见的问题。
1为什么我记得童年时期(childhood)的一些事却不记得上周发生的事情？
我们会记住头脑中有较强关联的事情，特别是情感(emotional)联系。童年记忆往往非常感性。这是因为我们第一次经历事情时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或者兴奋(excitement)感。除此之外，我们童年时代有趣或好笑的故事总是讲了又讲。重述事件能加强我们对事件的印象，因此(as a result)，我们能更好地记住这些经历。
我们从中可以得到什么启发？要记住新内容，试着把内容和情感建立联系。把新内容和已有知识建立联系也很重要。同时，还可以试着把新学的内容讲述给另外的人。
2真的有人有照相(photographic)记忆能力吗？
拥有照相记忆能力的人多年后仍然可以记住某一张图片、某一本书或某一事件的每一个细节，但没有人能证明真有哪个人有照相记忆能力。然而，的确有些人记忆力惊人。例如，丹尼尔·塔梅可以记住圆周率(pi)的前22 514位数(digit)，而斯蒂芬·威尔夏可以坐直升机(helicopter)俯瞰一个城市后凭记忆画出这个城市的详细图片。他们都善于在有限的时间内记住特定的事物。
大多数人并不具有像他们那样惊人的记忆力，因此我们在记忆内容详尽的学习材料时，只要把注意力放到概要方面，并对所学内容保持好奇。对所学内容提出问题也能帮助记忆(memorisation)。另外一个有效的记忆方法(technique)是给相似的内容或信息分类，这样这些内容更容易与已有知识建立联系。
3为什么我会忘记昨天学的生词？
别担心。这对许多人来说是很正常的。1885年，赫尔曼·艾宾浩斯出版(publish)了一本叫《关于记忆》的书，提出了著名的遗忘曲线(curve)。根据他的说法，最显著的(sharp)遗忘出现在学习之后的最初阶段。这意味着在这一阶段及时(timely)复习，多次回顾所学内容，可以明显地帮助我们记住这些内容。
因此，提升我们记忆效果的一个重要原则是经常(periodically定期地)复习，特别是在学完之后的第一天。这种学习后立即进行“定时复习”有助于提升记忆，而且比等到考试前再复习全部内容有效得多。
4我16岁，但有时会忘记事情。我的记忆力是在变差吗？
当然不是。我们的记忆力在25岁时达到顶峰。在那时，我们可以在一秒钟内记住多达200条信息。然而，此后大脑就开始变小。到了40岁，我们每天会损失10 000个脑细胞(cell)。到了中年，我们的记忆力会明显比年轻的时候差。
所以不要紧张(take it easy)。你正处在记忆力尚佳的年龄，要充分利用这一点！
第一版块|核心单词
1)arrangement n．计划；安排；布置；约定)
make arrangements/an arrangement 做好安排
arrive at/come to an arrangement 谈妥，达成协议
This arrangement is quite satisfactory, so far as I am concerned.就我来说，这样的安排很令人满意。
They made an arrangement to meet at the school gate at 3 pm.他们约定下午三点钟在校门口见面。
We can come to an arrangement over the price.
我们可以就价格问题达成一项协议。
You must arrange these books in alphabetical order.
你必须把这些书按字母顺序排好。
I could arrange to meet with you any day next week.
我可以安排在下周的任何一天和你见一面。
If you can arrange the tourist destinations for me, I will be very grateful.
如果你能为我计划一下旅游目的地，我将不胜感激。
The teacher arranged for him to do homework in the laboratory.老师安排他在实验室做家庭作业。
[拓展] arrange v．整理，排列；计划；安排
arrange for sth.安排某事
arrange to do sth.安排做某事
arrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事
arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We've just arrived here. Can you arrange a car ________ us
②Nancy had come ________ an arrangement with me about that.
③The leadership has arranged ________ him to attend the meeting.
④I arranged ________ (meet) them at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning.
⑤I wonder if we could make ________ arrangement to meet sometime next week.
⑥Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that ________ (arrange) is more stable over the long term.
完成句子
⑦Parents __________________________________ (为他们的孩子安排好一切) and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.
2)excitement n．兴奋，激动)
in excitement 兴奋地
with excitement 怀着激动的心情
to one's excitement 令某人兴奋的是
be full of/filled with excitement 满怀激动
hide one's excitement 掩饰某人的激动
be trembling with excitement 激动得发抖
The boys were running in excitement.男孩们兴奋地跑着。
His eyes were wild with excitement.
他眼中流露出极度兴奋的神情。
Tom won first prize in the singing competition, much to our excitement.
令我们兴奋不已的是汤姆在歌唱比赛中获得了一等奖。
The children were full of excitement at the thought of their coming holiday.想到假期即将来临，孩子们十分激动。
[拓展]
excite vt.使兴奋；使激动→exciting adj.令人兴奋的；使人激动的→excited adj.感到兴奋的；激动的
I was excited about the possibility of playing football again.想到有可能再次踢足球，我很兴奋。
[说明]
exciting表性质，常修饰物；excited表状态，常修饰人以及人的声音、表情等。
the most exciting film最激动人心的电影
the excited fans情绪激动的粉丝
speak in an excited voice用激动的嗓音说
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①________ our excitement, we won the battle against the enemies.
②As Children's Day neared, the children became more and more ________ (excite).
③He opened the door and ran out ________ great excitement.
④It's an attitude that turns the job into something more interesting and ________ (excite).
⑤Since then, whenever I visited my grandmother's house, I would rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu ________ excitement.
⑥The sense of ________ (excite) and tension levels rise suddenly though, so does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.
完成句子
⑦On hearing ________________________________ (这个令人激动的消息) that they had won the match, they shouted for joy ________________________ (用激动的声音).
3)publish vt. & vi.出版；发表；刊登；公布 publishing n．发行业；出版业 publisher n．出版者；出版社；发行人)
(教材原句)In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus published a book called Memory and presented a famous forgetting curve.
1885年，赫尔曼·艾宾浩斯出版了一本叫《关于记忆》的书，提出了著名的遗忘曲线。
publish the first edition 发行第一版
publish reference books 出版工具书
publish readers' letters 刊登读者来信
publish the latest unemployment figures
公布最新的失业数据
publish a novel 发表小说
publish to the world 公布于众
the publishing house 出版社
publish in English 用英语出版
publish under one's real name 用真名发表
Oxford University Press will publish a new magazine.
牛津大学出版社将发行一本新杂志。
The news of their marriage was not published until three months later.他们结婚的消息三个月后才公开。
The publishing house introduced a series of books to the public.那家出版社向公众推出了一套丛书。
It is illegal to reproduce these worksheets without permission from the publisher.
未经出版者许可翻印这些活页练习题是违法的。
[说明] publish可作及物动词，用于被动语态。come out是不及物短语动词，不能用于被动语态。
[拓展]
publication n．出版；刊登；公布
for publication为了出版
the publication date出版日期
the publication of his first novel
他第一部小说的出版
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He's spoken to a ________ (publish) firm. They're going to take him on.
②The dictionary is out of date: many new words have been added to the language since it ________ (publish).
③The ________ (publish) gathered to discuss how to reduce costs.
完成句子
④His findings ____________________ (发表了) in the authoritative journal Nature.
⑤____________________ (在1964年出版), it's his classic memoir of 1920s.
⑥She used to be a teacher, but now she __________________ (供职于出版业).
4)sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的；清晰的；敏锐的；尖刻的)
(教材原句)According to him, the sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after learning.
根据他的说法，最显著的遗忘出现在学习之后的最初阶段。
be sharp with... 对……(言语)刻薄
a sharp increase/fall 急剧增加/减少
a sharp pain 一阵剧痛
a sharp knife 锋利的刀
a sharp outline 清晰的轮廓
have sharp eyes 有敏锐的眼睛
a journalist with a sharp mind 一位头脑敏锐的新闻记者
There had been a sharp rise in the patient's temperature during the night.夜间这位病人的体温曾急剧上升。
We'll need a sharp knife to cut the beefsteak.
我们需要一把锋利的刀来切牛排。
If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
如果你的意识足够敏锐，你回答这些问题就不会有困难。
[拓展]
sharply adv.急剧地；严厉地；锐利地
sharpen vt.使尖锐，磨快
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The guard stopped his humming and turned his head ________ (sharp).
②My pencil is blunt. Could you lend me a knife to ________ (sharp) it
完成句子
③He is a journalist with ____________________________ (极其敏锐的头脑).
④Nowadays, there is ______________ (急剧增加) in children's creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.
⑤House prices ________________ (急剧上涨) over the last decade.
5)provide vt.提供；供应)
(教材原句)What suggestions would you provide for each of the four questions discussed
你会对所讨论的四个问题中的每一个提出什么建议？
provide sth. for sb.＝provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
晨练不仅能保持身体健康，还能给我们带来其他的好处。
Community schools provide good quality education for children.社区学校为孩子们提供高质量的教育。
The job will provide me with a good chance to show my talent.这份工作将为我提供展示自己才华的好机会。
[拓展]
She offered me a reward for the return of her lost mobile phone.她给了我酬金以答谢我寻回她丢失的手机。
The butcher supplies us with meat.这名肉贩给我们供应肉。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The Red Cross provides food and shelter ________ disaster victims.
②The project is designed to provide young people ________ work.
③The media supplies lots of information ________ us every day.
④A kind person will offer his seat________ the old.
完成句子
⑤The bank ________________________ (提供贷款给) students and makes sure everybody has a chance to continue study.
第二版块|重要短语
1)as a result作为结果)
(教材原句)As a result, we remember them much better, as retelling events helps fix experiences in our memories.
重述事件能加强我们对事件的印象，因此，我们能更好地记住这些经历。
as a result of... 由于；作为……的结果
result from 由于；源自
result in 造成；导致
The state produced 2.8 billion pounds of cheese last year! As a result, there was a lot of leftover cheese brine.
该州去年生产了28亿磅奶酪！结果，有很多剩下的奶酪盐水。
Her hair started falling out as a result of radiation treatment.她的头发因放射治疗而开始掉落。
Let us hope that peace will result from our talks.
但愿我们的会谈会带来和平。
Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.紧张和疲劳常导致精神不集中。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①As a result ________ the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area need repairing.
②The air in the factory is seriously polluted. If breathed in, it may result ________ illness or even death.
③As ________ result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first.
④The mistakes result ________ the misunderstanding between the two sides.
2)be curious about对……感到好奇)
(教材原句)．..we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn.
……我们只要把注意力放到重要的观点上，并对所学内容保持好奇。
be curious to do sth. 好奇做某事
It is curious that... 很奇怪……
They were curious to know where he'd gone.
他们很想知道他去了哪里。
It is curious that she left without saying goodbye.
很奇怪，她不辞而别了。
In high school, I became curious about the computer, and then built my first website.
上中学时，我对电脑感到好奇，之后便创建了自己的第一个网站。
[词语积累]
curiosity n．好奇心；奇物；珍品
curiously adv.好奇地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①As a child, he is curious ________ everything.
②I am curious ________ (explore) this cave in the mountains.
③It is curious ________ he gave up the famous university.
④The museum is full of historical ________ (curious).
完成句子
⑤It is good to ____________________ (对……感到好奇) the world around you.
3)take it easy放轻松；不要紧张；别烦恼，不要生气)
(教材原句)So take it easy.所以不要紧张。
take one's time 别着急，慢慢来
take...seriously 重视，对……严肃对待
take...for granted 认为……理所当然
take...as/for... 把……当作……
Please take it easy. There will be several courses to come.
别担心，还有几道菜呢。
When considering a big decision, take your time and apply a few of the steps above.
当考虑重大决定时，不要急躁，使用上面的一些步骤。
Scientists and doctors have begun to take seriously the risk of depression in children.
科学家和医生已经开始认真对待儿童的抑郁风险。
We take having an endless supply of water for granted.
我们想当然地认为水的供应是无穷无尽的。
The company's silence on the subject has been taken as an admission of guilt.
公司在这个问题上保持沉默便是承认有罪。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①From his manners of speaking, I took him ________ a gentleman.
②The doctor told me to take ________ easy for a few weeks.
③I just took it ________ granted that he'd always be around.
④We should take this problem ________ (serious), or it will affect our whole project.
完成句子
⑤________________________________ (别紧张). Let me have a look. Oh, it's nothing serious.
4)in terms of根据，依照；谈及；就……而言，在……方面)
(教材原句)You are at a good age in terms of your memory.
你正处在记忆力尚佳的年龄。
describe/measure/evaluate sth. in terms of...
根据……描述/衡量/评价……
think of everything in terms of money
从金钱的角度考虑一切
The job is great in terms of salary, but it has its disadvantages.
就薪金而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但也有一些不利之处。
He thinks of everything in terms of money.
他从金钱的角度来考虑一切。
[拓展归纳]
in general terms笼统地讲
in relative terms相对来说
in cultural/economic/financial terms从文化/经济/财政角度来讲
be on good/bad terms (with sb.)(与某人)关系好/不好
in the long/short term长期/短期内
I was on good terms with everyone in the football team.
我与足球队里的每个人关系都很好。
In the long term, it is good for children to learn artificial intelligence.
从长远来看，孩子学习人工智能是有好处的。
[语境助记]
I am on bad terms with him.
我跟他交情不好。
I am on speaking terms with him.
我跟他交谈很投机。
I am on visiting terms with him.
我跟他往来很融洽。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms ________ overall quality.
②When entering a new school, you should be on good terms ________ the new teachers and students.
完成句子
③____________________ (短期来看), the investment income of the project is small.
④____________________ (就……而言) mileage, new energy vehicles are very good now.
5)make good/full use of很好地使用/充分利用)
(教材原句)Make good use of it！要充分利用这一点！
make good use of your time to do sth.
好好利用你的时间做某事
make full use of the opportunity 充分利用这个机会
He advised his grandma that she should make good use of her spare time.他建议他的祖母充分利用闲暇时光。
[说明]
若把make use of的宾语变为主语，则为．..be made use of。
若把use提前作主语，常与what连用构成句式：What use...be made of sth.。
若把use提前作先行词，其他部分变为定语从句。
[归纳拓展]
近义：take full advantage of
make the best of
make the most of
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Farmers are making use ________ their spare time to loosen the soil.
②Your time should ________ (make) good use of in the senior high school.
完成句子
③I will ____________________ (充分利用) my spare time in order to enrich my vocabulary.
6)compare...with...把……与……作比较(用于比较))
(教材原句)Compare your suggestions with the expert's suggestions.将你的建议与专家的建议进行比较。
compared with/to 作状语，表示“与……相比”。
compare notes with that professor 与那位教授交换意见
do(es)n't/can't compare with 不能和……相比
compare...to... 把……比作……(可用于比喻)
Our work can be compared to a battle.
我们的工作好比一场战斗。
His new house is like a huge palace, compared with/to his old one.与旧房子比起来，他的新房子像一座大宫殿。
By/In comparison with last year, the price of beef has increased.与去年相比，牛肉的价格上涨了。
Our professional service promises you a wedding beyond compare.我们的专业服务保证为您办一个无与伦比的婚礼。
It is all beyond comparison.它是无可比拟的。
Let me make a comparison directly between the United States of America and Vietnam.
现在我们对比一下美国和越南。
[拓展]
comparison n．比较；对比
by/in comparison with与……相比
make a comparison作比较
beyond compare/comparison无与伦比/无可比拟
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①________ (compare) with his sister, he is even more sensitive to emotional and relationship problems.
②________ (compare) Chinese with English, I think English is more difficult.
③________ comparison with Yellow River, Yangtze River is longer.
④Young people are often compared ________ the rising sun.
完成句子
⑤Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________________ (与……相比) such art forms as music and painting.
⑥I ________________________ (作比较) between the two dresses and found that neither of them suited me.
第三版块|典型句式
1)This/That is because...这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句) 说明：because引导的表语从句强调原因，常用于句式It/That/This is because...，译为“那/这是因为……”。)
(教材原句)This is because when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.这是因为我们第一次经历事情时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或者兴奋感。
From space, the earth looks blue. This is because about seventy one percent of its surface is covered by water.
从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它表面大约71%的面积被水覆盖。
[归纳拓展]
This/That is why...这/那就是为什么……(why引导表语从句，后跟结果)
The reason is that...原因是……(that引导表语从句)
The reason why...is that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句)
He got up late. That was why he missed the bus.
他起床晚了，那就是为什么他错过了公共汽车。
He missed the bus. The reason was that he got up late.
他错过了公共汽车，原因是他起床晚了。
The reason why he missed the bus was that he got up late.他错过公共汽车的原因是他起床晚了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He hurt his leg. That was ________ he fell from a tall tree.
＝He fell from a tall tree. That was ________ he hurt his leg.
＝The reason ________ he hurt his leg was ________ he fell from a tall tree.
完成句子
②____________________ (那是因为) millions of smokers die from this habit each year.
③________________________________ (我们不相信他的原因) is that he often lies.
2)对谓语动词的强调：do/does/did＋动词原形)
(教材原句)Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories.然而，的确有些人记忆力惊人。
I do hope you can get your driver's license as soon as possible.我真希望你能尽快拿到驾照。
I know that you didn't expect me to go, but I did go.
我知道你没料到我会去，但我确实去了。
[说明]
(1)强调谓语动词要用“do/does/did＋动词原形”，do/does/did在句中要重读。这种结构只能用于一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中。
(2)在祈使句中使用时，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求，有时表达更客气的语气。
(3)强调句子的其他成分用强调句型：“It is/was...that...”。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He ________ come and stayed here for a decade.
②It was not until his father went to bed ________ he went to bed.
③He ________ believe that swimming can strengthen his body.
完成句子
④____________________ (因为他病了) that he can't come.
⑤____________________ (务必安静), will you？
3)It has been proved that...事实证明……)
(教材原句)It has been proved that some people have a photographic memory.已经证实有些人有照相记忆能力。
[句式分析]
本句式中，it作形式主语，that从句是真正主语。that在从句中仅起连接作用，不作句子成分，也无实际意义。
[拓展]
“It＋is/was＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)＋that从句．”句式可以进行转换：
It is said that body language accounts for 55% of a first impression while what you say just 7%.
＝Body language is said to account for 55% of a first impression while what you say just 7%.
＝People say that body language accounts for 55% of a first impression while what you say just 7%.
据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It has been proved ________ sorting out your desk can improve your learning efficiency.
完成句子
②据报道，在未来几年里将会在月球上建一个空间站。
____________________________ a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.
③众所周知，杨利伟是中国第一位飞入太空的航天员。
____________________________ Yang Liwei is China's first astronaut to fly in space.
④据说王教授要来做一个关于他在海上冒险的演讲。
It is said that Professor Wang is coming to make a speech about his adventures at sea.
→Professor Wang is said ________________ to make a speech about his adventures at sea.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A ________ (急剧的) drop in prices will cause serious problems to the residents.
2．Her ________ (技巧) has improved recently.
3．Her former telephone number differed from mine by one ________ (数字).
4．His first novel was ________ (出版) in 2002.
5．Customers seem to like the car's ________ (曲线) and angles.
6．As they came back, Robert's ________ (直升机) came into view.
7．They can manufacture a whole host of body parts, from neurons to muscles to blood ________ (细胞).
8．She was remembering a comedy watched in ________ (童年).
Ⅱ.短语填空
take it easy, as a result, in terms of, compare...with, up to, make arrangements for, be good at, according to, in one's childhood, make good use of
1．It is unwise to ____________ females ____________ males unconditionally.
2．____________！ We all know that failure is the mother of success.
3．The job is great ____________ salary, but it has its disadvantages.
4．We can ____________ the Internet to search for any information we need.
5．____________ , the officials changed their attitude and started to take action.
6．He ____________ shooting, and he finally realized his dream of becoming a champion at the age of 37.
7．____________ what I have learnt, he will take charge of the new organization.
8．____________ two thirds of residents here are contented with their welfare.
9．The conductor was busy ____________ the coming performance.
10．He suffered a lot mentally because of the accident ____________．
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he ________ (publish) his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
2．“Where do you think you are？” he asked. I turned ________ (sharp). “The McNay Art Museum！”
3．I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up ________ three books a day as a child.
4．Besides, the number of snakes had declined as well. He realized that it was ________ there weren't enough trees to protect them from the heat.
5．Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower ________ (arrange).
6．Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your ________ (emotion) health.
7．Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the ________ (excite) of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.
8．________ a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers.
9．His expressive paintings are almost ________ (photography) in detail.
10．A ________ (digit) doctor could help provide medical care through the global web.
11．Meetings are held ________ (periodic) to monitor the stage on the case.
12．This reduces the burden of ________ (memorise) and helps you master it faster.
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．由你决定我们这周末去哪里。(be up to sb. to do sth.)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．放轻松！别忘了，你是一个有天赋的演员。(take it easy)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．我们应该好好利用每一秒，让自己变得更强大。(make good use of)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．这是因为好的学习策略对你大有裨益。(This is because...)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．这是我第一次参加学校活动。(It is the first time that...)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．许多健康问题是你的日常饮食引起的。(result from)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7．我的确认为她的行为很糟糕。(用do强调谓语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8．已经证实这个司机跟此次事故无关。(It has been proved that...)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Section D Lesson 3 The Secrets of Your Memory
新知感知·自学导引
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．helicopter 2.curve 3.cell 4.digit 5.material
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．arrangement 2.childhood 3.emotional 4.excitement 5.photographic 6.digital 7.sharply 8.timely 9.periodic; periodically 10.memorisation 11.technical
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．事实和安排 2.情感上的联系 3.强烈的恐惧感或兴奋感
4．再三地，反复地 5.结果 6.对……感到好奇 7.有助于记忆 8.有效的方法 9.出版一本书 10.遗忘曲线 11.最显著的遗忘 12.及时复习 13.脑细胞 14.使说法令人信服 15.信号词
1．have a photographic memory 2.digits of pi (π) 3.in a helicopter 4.be good at 5.for a limited time 6.focus on 7.review the material periodically 8.take it easy 9.in terms of 10.make good use of 11.with enthusiasm 12.tend to do sth.
课文研析·语篇理解
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．D 2.B 3.C 4.B
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
1．because 2.excitement 3.a 4.has proved 5.memorising
6．on 7.effective 8.To prevent 9.periodically 10.worse
核心探究·讲练互动
第一版块|核心单词
1．①for ②to ③for ④to meet ⑤an ⑥arrangement ⑦arrange everything for their children
2．①To ②excited ③in/with ④exciting ⑤in/with
⑥excitement ⑦the exciting news; in excited voices
3．①publishing ②was published ③publishers
④were published/came out ⑤Published in 1964
⑥works in publishing
4．①sharply ②sharpen ③an extremely sharp mind
④a sharp increase ⑤have risen sharply
5．①for ②with ③to ④to
⑤provides loans for/offers loans to/supplies loans to
第二版块|重要短语
1．①of ②in ③a ④from/in
2．①about ②to explore ③that ④curiosities
⑤be curious about
3．①as/for ②it ③for ④seriously ⑤Take it easy
4．①of ②with ③In the short term ④In terms of
5．①of ②be made ③make good use of/make full use of/take full advantage of/make the best of/make the most of
6．①Compared ②Comparing ③By/In ④to
⑤compared to/with ⑥made a comparison
第三版块|典型句式
1．①because; why; why; that ②That is because
③The reason why we don't trust him
2．①did ②that ③does ④It is because he is ill
⑤Do be quiet
3．①that ②It is reported that ③It is known that
④to come
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．sharp 2.technique 3.digit 4.published 5.curves
6．helicopter 7.cells 8.childhood
Ⅱ.短语填空
1．compare; with 2.Take it easy 3.in terms of
4．make good use of 5.As a result 6.was good at
7．According to 8.Up to 9.making arrangements for
10．in his childhood
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．published 2.sharply 3.to 4.because 5.arrangement 6.emotional 7.excitement 8.As 9.photographic
10．digital 11.periodically 12.memorisation
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．It is up to you to decide where to go this weekend.
2．Take it easy! Don't forget that you are a talented actor.
3．We should make good use of every second to make ourselves stronger.
4．This is because a good learning strategy is of great benefit to you.
5．It is the first time that I have taken part in school activities.
6．Many health problems result from your daily diet.
7．I do think she's behaved badly.
8．It has been proved that the driver has nothing to do with the accident.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共164张PPT)
Section D Lesson 3
The Secrets of Your Memory
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．________________ n. 直升机
2．________________ n. 曲线，弧线
3．________________ n. 细胞
4．________________ n. (0～9的任何一个)数字
5．________________ n. 材料；资料；原料
helicopter
curve
cell
digit
material
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．arrange v．安排→_________ n．计划；安排
2．child n．儿童→________ n．童年，儿童时代
3．emotion n．情感→________ adj.情感上的；情绪上的
4．excite v．(使)兴奋，(使)激动→________ n．兴奋，激动
5．photograph n．照片→__________ adj.详细准确的；照片的；摄影的
6．digit n．(0～9的任何一个)数字→________ adj.数码的；数字式的
arrangement
childhood
emotional
excitement
photographic
digital
7．sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的→________ adv.急剧地；猛烈地；尖刻地；严厉地
8．time n．时间→________ adj.适时的，及时的
9．period n．一段时间；时期→________ adj.定期的→________ adv.定期地
10．memorise vt.记住，熟记→__________ n．记忆
11．technique n．技巧，手法→________ adj.技术的；技巧的
sharply
timely
periodic
periodically
memorisation
technical
Ⅲ.重点短语(英汉互译)
A 写出下面短语的汉意
1．facts and arrangements ________________
2．emotional connections ________________
3．strong feelings of fear or excitement ________________
4．again and again ________________
5．as a result ________________
6．be curious about... ________________
7．help with memorisation ________________
事实和安排
情感上的联系
强烈的恐惧感或兴奋感
再三地，反复地
结果
对……感到好奇
有助于记忆
8．effective technique ________________
9．publish a book ________________
10．a forgetting curve ________________
11．the sharpest loss of memory ________________
12．timely review ________________
13．brain cells ________________
14．make the statement convincing ________________
15．signal words ________________
有效的方法
出版一本书
遗忘曲线
最显著的遗忘
及时复习
脑细胞
使说法令人信服
信号词
B 写出下列汉语所对应的英文短语
1．___________________ 有照相记忆能力
2．________________ 圆周率位数
3．________________ 在直升机里
4．________________ 擅长
5．________________ 在有限的时间内
6．________________ 集中于
7．______________________ 定期复习材料
have a photographic memory
digits of pi (π)
in a helicopter
be good at
for a limited time
focus on
review the material periodically
8．________________ 放轻松
9．________________ 谈及；就……而言
10．________________ 充分利用；很好地使用
11．________________ 热情洋溢地；狂热地
12．________________ 倾向于/往往会做某事
take it easy
in terms of
make good use of
with enthusiasm
tend to do sth.
Ⅰ.课文思维导图
Ⅱ.课文阅读理解
1．Which of the following statements can't account for the reason why we can remember events in our childhood
A．We remember things that have strong emotional connections.
B.We often have strong feelings the first time we experience things.
C．We retell events to fix experiences in our memories.
D．The brainpower in one's childhood is stronger than that in the youth.
D
2．According to the passage, how can we memorise detailed learning materials
a．focus on important ideas
b．be curious about what we learn
c．learn important information by heart in the morning
d．ask questions about what we learn
e．group similar ideas or information
A．abd B．abde
C．bcde D．bce
B
3．What implication does the forgetting curve give us
A.We should recite as much as possible in the early morning.
B．We should review what we've learnt as much as possible.
C．We should review the material periodically.
D．We should wait to review everything before exams.
C
4．At what age does our memory reach its full power
A．16. B. 25. C. 40. D. 20.
B
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
We can remember events in our childhood1.________when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or 2.________ (excite). Also, interesting or funny stories from our childhood are often told again and again. As 3.________result, we remember them much better. Up to now, no one 4.________ (prove) that there are people who really have photographic memories.
because
excitement
a
has proved
When 5.________ (memorise) detailed learning materials, we need to focus 6.________ the important ideas. Another 7.________ (effect) technique is to group similar ideas or information. 8.________ (prevent) us from the loss of memory, one golden rule is to review the material 9.________ (period). Our memory reaches its full power at the age of 25 and lose 10，000 brain cells every day by the age of 40. By middle age, our memory is significantly 10.________ (bad) than when we were young.
memorising
on
effective
To prevent
periodically
worse
[词汇注释]
①childhood/'t a ldh d/n.童年，儿童时代
※in one's childhood在某人的童年时代
②emotional/ 'm n l/adj.情感上的；情绪上的
③for the first time第一次
④excitement/ k'sa tm nt/n．兴奋，激动
※to one's excitement令某人兴奋的是
in excitement兴奋地
a sense of excitement兴奋感
⑤again and again再三地，反复地
⑥as a result结果
※as a result of由于……的结果
⑦photographic
/ f t 'gr f k/adj.详细准确的；照片的；摄影的
⑧digit/'d d t/n.(0～9的任何一个)数字
⑨pi(π)/pa /n.圆周率
⑩helicopter/'hel k pt /n．直升机
be good at擅长
for a limited time
在有限的时间内
memorisation
/ mem ra 'ze n/n.记忆
technique/tek'ni k/n.
技巧，手法
publish/'p bl /vt. & vi.出版；发表；刊登
curve/k v/n.曲线，弧线
according to据……所示，按……所说
sharp/ ɑ p/adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的
※sharpen v．(使)变锋利；(使)提高
timely/'ta mli/
adj.适时的，及时的
※timely review及时的复习
significantly adv.极大地；显著地；明显地
periodically/ p ri' d kli/adv.定期地
※review...periodically定期复习……
cell/sel/n.细胞
take it easy放轻松
at a good age
处于尚佳的年龄
make good use of...
充分利用……,
[教材原文]
Memory expert Jemima Gryaznov answers some of the most common questions about memory.
1 Why can I remember events in my childhood① but not what happened last week
We remember things that have strong connections in our mind，especially emotional② connections. Childhood memories are often very emotional.
This is because when we experience things for the first time③， we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement④. Also, interesting or funny stories from our childhood are often told again and again⑤. As a result⑥， we remember them much better, as retelling events helps fix experiences in our memories.
What can we learn from all this When remembering something new, try to connect it to our emotions. It is important to connect it with what we already know. Also, we can try to retell what we have learnt to a few others.
2 Do some people really have a photographic⑦ memory
※This is because...这是因为……。because引导表语从句；when引导时间状语从句。
A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one has proved that there are people who really have photographic memories. Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories. For example, Daniel Tammet can remember the first 22，514 digits⑧ of pi(π)⑨ and Stephen Wiltshire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter⑩.
They are both good at remembering particular things for a limited time .
As most of us do not have amazing memories like them, when memorising detailed learning materials, we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn. Asking questions about what we learn also helps with memorisation . Another effective technique to remember things is to group similar ideas or information together so that they can be easily connected to things that are already known.
3 Why do I forget the new words that I learnt yesterday
Don't worry. This is natural for many people. In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus published a book called Memory and presented a famous forgetting curve . According to him, the sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after learning. This means timely review during this period, with a few revisits to what is learnt, can significantly help us to remember the information.
Therefore, one of the golden rules to increase how much we remember is to review the material periodically , especially during the first day after learning. This “spaced review” soon after learning helps build stronger memories and it is more effective than waiting to review everything before exams.
▲The Forgetting Curve,
4 I'm 16, but I sometimes forget things. Is my memory getting worse
Definitely not. Our memory reaches its full power at the age of 25. At that point, we can remember up to 200 pieces of information in a second. After this age, however, the brain starts to get smaller. By the age of 40, we lose 10，000 brain cells every day. By middle age, our memory is significantly worse than when we were young.
So take it easy . You are at a good age in terms of your memory. Make good use of it！,
[汉语译文]
记忆专家杰迈玛·格里耶兹诺夫回答了一些关于记忆的最常见的问题。
1为什么我记得童年时期(childhood)的一些事却不记得上周发生的事情？
我们会记住头脑中有较强关联的事情，特别是情感(emotional)联系。童年记忆往往非常感性。这是因为我们第一次经历事情时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或者兴奋(excitement)感。除此之外，我们童年时代有趣或好笑的故事总是讲了又讲。重述事件能加强我们对事件的印象，因此(as a result)，我们能更好地记住这些经历。
我们从中可以得到什么启发？要记住新内容，试着把内容和情感建立联系。把新内容和已有知识建立联系也很重要。同时，还可以试着把新学的内容讲述给另外的人。
2真的有人有照相(photographic)记忆能力吗？
拥有照相记忆能力的人多年后仍然可以记住某一张图片、某一本书或某一事件的每一个细节，但没有人能证明真有哪个人有照相记忆能力。然而，的确有些人记忆力惊人。例如，丹尼尔·塔梅可以记住圆周率(pi)的前22 514位数(digit)，而斯蒂芬·威尔夏可以坐直升机(helicopter)俯瞰一个城市后凭记忆画出这个城市的详细图片。他们都善于在有限的时间内记住特定的事物。
大多数人并不具有像他们那样惊人的记忆力，因此我们在记忆内容详尽的学习材料时，只要把注意力放到概要方面，并对所学内容保持好奇。对所学内容提出问题也能帮助记忆(memorisation)。另外一个有效的记忆方法(technique)是给相似的内容或信息分类，这样这些内容更容易与已有知识建立联系。
3为什么我会忘记昨天学的生词？
别担心。这对许多人来说是很正常的。1885年，赫尔曼·艾宾浩斯出版(publish)了一本叫《关于记忆》的书，提出了著名的遗忘曲线(curve)。根据他的说法，最显著的(sharp)遗忘出现在学习之后的最初阶段。这意味着在这一阶段及时(timely)复习，多次回顾所学内容，可以明显地帮助我们记住这些内容。
因此，提升我们记忆效果的一个重要原则是经常(periodically定期地)复习，特别是在学完之后的第一天。这种学习后立即进行“定时复习”有助于提升记忆，而且比等到考试前再复习全部内容有效得多。
4我16岁，但有时会忘记事情。我的记忆力是在变差吗？
当然不是。我们的记忆力在25岁时达到顶峰。在那时，我们可以在一秒钟内记住多达200条信息。然而，此后大脑就开始变小。到了40岁，我们每天会损失10 000个脑细胞(cell)。到了中年，我们的记忆力会明显比年轻的时候差。
所以不要紧张(take it easy)。你正处在记忆力尚佳的年龄，要充分利用这一点！
第一版块|核心单词
1)arrangement n．计划；安排；布置；约定)
make arrangements/an arrangement 做好安排
arrive at/come to an arrangement 谈妥，达成协议
This arrangement is quite satisfactory, so far as I am concerned.就我来说，这样的安排很令人满意。
They made an arrangement to meet at the school gate at 3 pm.他们约定下午三点钟在校门口见面。
We can come to an arrangement over the price.
我们可以就价格问题达成一项协议。
You must arrange these books in alphabetical order.
你必须把这些书按字母顺序排好。
I could arrange to meet with you any day next week.
我可以安排在下周的任何一天和你见一面。
If you can arrange the tourist destinations for me, I will be very grateful.
如果你能为我计划一下旅游目的地，我将不胜感激。
The teacher arranged for him to do homework in the laboratory.老师安排他在实验室做家庭作业。
[拓展] arrange v．整理，排列；计划；安排
arrange for sth.安排某事
arrange to do sth.安排做某事
arrange sth. for sb.为某人安排某事
arrange for sb. to do sth.安排某人做某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We've just arrived here. Can you arrange a car ________ us
②Nancy had come ________ an arrangement with me about that.
③The leadership has arranged ________ him to attend the meeting.
④I arranged ________ (meet) them at 10 o'clock tomorrow morning.
⑤I wonder if we could make ________ arrangement to meet sometime next week.
⑥Food webs may be dominated by many weak links because that ________ (arrange) is more stable over the long term.
for
to
for
to meet
an
arrangement
完成句子
⑦Parents ___________________________ (为他们的孩子安排好一切) and spare no effort to pave the way for their success.
arrange everything for their children
2)excitement n．兴奋，激动)
in excitement 兴奋地
with excitement 怀着激动的心情
to one's excitement 令某人兴奋的是
be full of/filled with excitement 满怀激动
hide one's excitement 掩饰某人的激动
be trembling with excitement 激动得发抖
The boys were running in excitement.男孩们兴奋地跑着。
His eyes were wild with excitement.
他眼中流露出极度兴奋的神情。
Tom won first prize in the singing competition, much to our excitement.
令我们兴奋不已的是汤姆在歌唱比赛中获得了一等奖。
The children were full of excitement at the thought of their coming holiday.想到假期即将来临，孩子们十分激动。
[拓展]
excite vt.使兴奋；使激动→exciting adj.令人兴奋的；使人激动的→excited adj.感到兴奋的；激动的
I was excited about the possibility of playing football again.想到有可能再次踢足球，我很兴奋。
[说明]
exciting表性质，常修饰物；excited表状态，常修饰人以及人的声音、表情等。
the most exciting film最激动人心的电影
the excited fans情绪激动的粉丝
speak in an excited voice用激动的嗓音说
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①________ our excitement, we won the battle against the enemies.
②As Children's Day neared, the children became more and more ________ (excite).
③He opened the door and ran out ________ great excitement.
④It's an attitude that turns the job into something more interesting and ________ (excite).
⑤Since then, whenever I visited my grandmother's house, I would rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu ________ excitement.
To
excited
in/with
exciting
in/with
⑥The sense of ________ (excite) and tension levels rise suddenly though, so does your heart rate, as you move closer to them.
完成句子
⑦On hearing ______________ (这个令人激动的消息) that they had won the match, they shouted for joy _____________ (用激动的声音).
excitement
the exciting news
in excited voices
3)publish vt. & vi.出版；发表；刊登；公布 publishing n．发行业；出版业 publisher n．出版者；出版社；发行人)
(教材原句)In 1885, Hermann Ebbinghaus published a book called Memory and presented a famous forgetting curve.
1885年，赫尔曼·艾宾浩斯出版了一本叫《关于记忆》的书，提出了著名的遗忘曲线。
publish the first edition 发行第一版
publish reference books 出版工具书
publish readers' letters 刊登读者来信
publish the latest unemployment figures
公布最新的失业数据
publish a novel 发表小说
publish to the world 公布于众
the publishing house 出版社
publish in English 用英语出版
publish under one's real name 用真名发表
Oxford University Press will publish a new magazine.
牛津大学出版社将发行一本新杂志。
The news of their marriage was not published until three months later.他们结婚的消息三个月后才公开。
The publishing house introduced a series of books to the public.那家出版社向公众推出了一套丛书。
It is illegal to reproduce these worksheets without permission from the publisher.
未经出版者许可翻印这些活页练习题是违法的。
[说明] publish可作及物动词，用于被动语态。come out是不及物短语动词，不能用于被动语态。
[拓展]
publication n．出版；刊登；公布
for publication为了出版
the publication date出版日期
the publication of his first novel
他第一部小说的出版
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He's spoken to a ________ (publish) firm. They're going to take him on.
②The dictionary is out of date: many new words have been added to the language since it __________ (publish).
③The ________ (publish) gathered to discuss how to reduce costs.
publishing
was published
publishers
完成句子
④His findings ___________________ (发表了) in the authoritative journal Nature.
⑤______________ (在1964年出版), it's his classic memoir of 1920s.
⑥She used to be a teacher, but now she __________________ (供职于出版业).
were published/came out
Published in 1964
works in publishing
4)sharp adj.急剧的，猛烈的；尖的，锋利的；清晰的；敏锐的；尖刻的)
(教材原句)According to him, the sharpest loss of memory occurs during the very early period after learning.
根据他的说法，最显著的遗忘出现在学习之后的最初阶段。
be sharp with... 对……(言语)刻薄
a sharp increase/fall 急剧增加/减少
a sharp pain 一阵剧痛
a sharp knife 锋利的刀
a sharp outline 清晰的轮廓
have sharp eyes 有敏锐的眼睛
a journalist with a sharp mind 一位头脑敏锐的新闻记者
There had been a sharp rise in the patient's temperature during the night.夜间这位病人的体温曾急剧上升。
We'll need a sharp knife to cut the beefsteak.
我们需要一把锋利的刀来切牛排。
If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
如果你的意识足够敏锐，你回答这些问题就不会有困难。
[拓展]
sharply adv.急剧地；严厉地；锐利地
sharpen vt.使尖锐，磨快
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The guard stopped his humming and turned his head ________ (sharp).
②My pencil is blunt. Could you lend me a knife to ________ (sharp) it
sharply
sharpen
完成句子
③He is a journalist with ___________________ (极其敏锐的头脑).
④Nowadays, there is ______________ (急剧增加) in children's creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.
⑤House prices ________________ (急剧上涨) over the last decade.
an extremely sharp mind
a sharp increase
have risen sharply
5)provide vt.提供；供应)
(教材原句)What suggestions would you provide for each of the four questions discussed
你会对所讨论的四个问题中的每一个提出什么建议？
provide sth. for sb.＝provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.
晨练不仅能保持身体健康，还能给我们带来其他的好处。
Community schools provide good quality education for children.社区学校为孩子们提供高质量的教育。
The job will provide me with a good chance to show my talent.这份工作将为我提供展示自己才华的好机会。
[拓展]
She offered me a reward for the return of her lost mobile phone.她给了我酬金以答谢我寻回她丢失的手机。
The butcher supplies us with meat.这名肉贩给我们供应肉。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The Red Cross provides food and shelter ________ disaster victims.
②The project is designed to provide young people ________ work.
③The media supplies lots of information ________ us every day.
④A kind person will offer his seat________ the old.
完成句子
⑤The bank ____________________________________ (提供贷款给) students and makes sure everybody has a chance to continue study.
for
with
to
to
provides loans for/offers loans to/supplies loans to
第二版块|重要短语
1)as a result作为结果)
(教材原句)As a result, we remember them much better, as retelling events helps fix experiences in our memories.
重述事件能加强我们对事件的印象，因此，我们能更好地记住这些经历。
as a result of... 由于；作为……的结果
result from 由于；源自
result in 造成；导致
The state produced 2.8 billion pounds of cheese last year! As a result, there was a lot of leftover cheese brine.
该州去年生产了28亿磅奶酪！结果，有很多剩下的奶酪盐水。
Her hair started falling out as a result of radiation treatment.她的头发因放射治疗而开始掉落。
Let us hope that peace will result from our talks.
但愿我们的会谈会带来和平。
Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration.紧张和疲劳常导致精神不集中。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①As a result ________ the serious flood, two thirds of the buildings in the area need repairing.
②The air in the factory is seriously polluted. If breathed in, it may result ________ illness or even death.
③As ________ result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first.
④The mistakes result ________ the misunderstanding between the two sides.
of
in
a
from/in
2)be curious about对……感到好奇)
(教材原句)．..we simply need to focus on the important ideas and be curious about what we learn.
……我们只要把注意力放到重要的观点上，并对所学内容保持好奇。
be curious to do sth. 好奇做某事
It is curious that... 很奇怪……
They were curious to know where he'd gone.
他们很想知道他去了哪里。
It is curious that she left without saying goodbye.
很奇怪，她不辞而别了。
In high school, I became curious about the computer, and then built my first website.
上中学时，我对电脑感到好奇，之后便创建了自己的第一个网站。
[词语积累]
curiosity n．好奇心；奇物；珍品
curiously adv.好奇地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①As a child, he is curious ________ everything.
②I am curious ________ (explore) this cave in the mountains.
③It is curious ________ he gave up the famous university.
④The museum is full of historical ________ (curious).
完成句子
⑤It is good to _____________ (对……感到好奇) the world around you.
about
to explore
that
curiosities
be curious about
3)take it easy放轻松；不要紧张；别烦恼，不要生气)
(教材原句)So take it easy.所以不要紧张。
take one's time 别着急，慢慢来
take...seriously 重视，对……严肃对待
take...for granted 认为……理所当然
take...as/for... 把……当作……
Please take it easy. There will be several courses to come.
别担心，还有几道菜呢。
When considering a big decision, take your time and apply a few of the steps above.
当考虑重大决定时，不要急躁，使用上面的一些步骤。
Scientists and doctors have begun to take seriously the risk of depression in children.
科学家和医生已经开始认真对待儿童的抑郁风险。
We take having an endless supply of water for granted.
我们想当然地认为水的供应是无穷无尽的。
The company's silence on the subject has been taken as an admission of guilt.
公司在这个问题上保持沉默便是承认有罪。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①From his manners of speaking, I took him ________ a gentleman.
②The doctor told me to take ________ easy for a few weeks.
③I just took it ________ granted that he'd always be around.
④We should take this problem ________ (serious), or it will affect our whole project.
完成句子
⑤__________ (别紧张). Let me have a look. Oh, it's nothing serious.
as/for
it
for
seriously
Take it easy
4)in terms of根据，依照；谈及；就……而言，在……方面)
(教材原句)You are at a good age in terms of your memory.
你正处在记忆力尚佳的年龄。
describe/measure/evaluate sth. in terms of...
根据……描述/衡量/评价……
think of everything in terms of money
从金钱的角度考虑一切
The job is great in terms of salary, but it has its disadvantages.
就薪金而言，这个工作倒是挺不错的，但也有一些不利之处。
He thinks of everything in terms of money.
他从金钱的角度来考虑一切。
[拓展归纳]
in general terms笼统地讲
in relative terms相对来说
in cultural/economic/financial terms从文化/经济/财政角度来讲
be on good/bad terms (with sb.)(与某人)关系好/不好
in the long/short term长期/短期内
I was on good terms with everyone in the football team.
我与足球队里的每个人关系都很好。
In the long term, it is good for children to learn artificial intelligence.
从长远来看，孩子学习人工智能是有好处的。
[语境助记]
I am on bad terms with him.
我跟他交情不好。
I am on speaking terms with him.
我跟他交谈很投机。
I am on visiting terms with him.
我跟他往来很融洽。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms ________ overall quality.
②When entering a new school, you should be on good terms ________ the new teachers and students.
完成句子
③______________ (短期来看), the investment income of the project is small.
④_________ (就……而言) mileage, new energy vehicles are very good now.
of
with
In the short term
In terms of
5)make good/full use of很好地使用/充分利用)
(教材原句)Make good use of it！要充分利用这一点！
make good use of your time to do sth.
好好利用你的时间做某事
make full use of the opportunity 充分利用这个机会
He advised his grandma that she should make good use of her spare time.他建议他的祖母充分利用闲暇时光。
[说明]
若把make use of的宾语变为主语，则为．..be made use of。
若把use提前作主语，常与what连用构成句式：What use...be made of sth.。
若把use提前作先行词，其他部分变为定语从句。
[归纳拓展]
近义：take full advantage of
make the best of
make the most of
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Farmers are making use ________ their spare time to loosen the soil.
②Your time should ________ (make) good use of in the senior high school.
完成句子
③I will ____________________________________________________________________________ (充分利用) my spare time in order to enrich my vocabulary.
of
be made
make good use of/make full use of/take full advantage of/make the best of/make the most of
6)compare...with...把……与……作比较(用于比较))
(教材原句)Compare your suggestions with the expert's suggestions.将你的建议与专家的建议进行比较。
compared with/to 作状语，表示“与……相比”。
compare notes with that professor 与那位教授交换意见
do(es)n't/can't compare with 不能和……相比
compare...to... 把……比作……(可用于比喻)
Our work can be compared to a battle.
我们的工作好比一场战斗。
His new house is like a huge palace, compared with/to his old one.与旧房子比起来，他的新房子像一座大宫殿。
By/In comparison with last year, the price of beef has increased.与去年相比，牛肉的价格上涨了。
Our professional service promises you a wedding beyond compare.我们的专业服务保证为您办一个无与伦比的婚礼。
It is all beyond comparison.它是无可比拟的。
Let me make a comparison directly between the United States of America and Vietnam.
现在我们对比一下美国和越南。
[拓展]
comparison n．比较；对比
by/in comparison with与……相比
make a comparison作比较
beyond compare/comparison无与伦比/无可比拟
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①________ (compare) with his sister, he is even more sensitive to emotional and relationship problems.
②________ (compare) Chinese with English, I think English is more difficult.
③________ comparison with Yellow River, Yangtze River is longer.
④Young people are often compared ________ the rising sun.
Compared
Comparing
By/In
to
完成句子
⑤Film has a much shorter history, especially when ________________ (与……相比) such art forms as music and painting.
⑥I _______________ (作比较) between the two dresses and found that neither of them suited me.
compared to/with
made a comparison
第三版块|典型句式
1)This/That is because...这/那是因为……(because引导表语从句) 说明：because引导的表语从句强调原因，常用于句式It/That/This is because...，译为“那/这是因为……”。)
(教材原句)This is because when we experience things for the first time, we often have strong feelings of fear or excitement.这是因为我们第一次经历事情时，常常会产生强烈的恐惧感或者兴奋感。
From space, the earth looks blue. This is because about seventy one percent of its surface is covered by water.
从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它表面大约71%的面积被水覆盖。
[归纳拓展]
This/That is why...这/那就是为什么……(why引导表语从句，后跟结果)
The reason is that...原因是……(that引导表语从句)
The reason why...is that...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句)
He got up late. That was why he missed the bus.
他起床晚了，那就是为什么他错过了公共汽车。
He missed the bus. The reason was that he got up late.
他错过了公共汽车，原因是他起床晚了。
The reason why he missed the bus was that he got up late.他错过公共汽车的原因是他起床晚了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He hurt his leg. That was ________ he fell from a tall tree.
＝He fell from a tall tree. That was ________ he hurt his leg.
＝The reason ________ he hurt his leg was ________ he fell from a tall tree.
because
why
why
that
完成句子
②_____________ (那是因为) millions of smokers die from this habit each year.
③__________________________ (我们不相信他的原因) is that he often lies.
That is because
The reason why we don't trust him
2)对谓语动词的强调：do/does/did＋动词原形)
(教材原句)Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories.然而，的确有些人记忆力惊人。
I do hope you can get your driver's license as soon as possible.我真希望你能尽快拿到驾照。
I know that you didn't expect me to go, but I did go.
我知道你没料到我会去，但我确实去了。
[说明]
(1)强调谓语动词要用“do/does/did＋动词原形”，do/does/did在句中要重读。这种结构只能用于一般现在时或一般过去时的肯定句中。
(2)在祈使句中使用时，往往不表示命令，而表示强烈的请求，有时表达更客气的语气。
(3)强调句子的其他成分用强调句型：“It is/was...that...”。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He ________ come and stayed here for a decade.
②It was not until his father went to bed ________ he went to bed.
③He ________ believe that swimming can strengthen his body.
完成句子
④________________ (因为他病了) that he can't come.
⑤__________ (务必安静), will you？
did
that
does
It is because he is ill
Do be quiet
3)It has been proved that...事实证明……)
(教材原句)It has been proved that some people have a photographic memory.已经证实有些人有照相记忆能力。
[句式分析]
本句式中，it作形式主语，that从句是真正主语。that在从句中仅起连接作用，不作句子成分，也无实际意义。
[拓展]
“It＋is/was＋过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)＋that从句．”句式可以进行转换：
It is said that body language accounts for 55% of a first impression while what you say just 7%.
＝Body language is said to account for 55% of a first impression while what you say just 7%.
＝People say that body language accounts for 55% of a first impression while what you say just 7%.
据说肢体语言占第一印象的55%，而你说的话只占7%。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It has been proved ________ sorting out your desk can improve your learning efficiency.
that
完成句子
②据报道，在未来几年里将会在月球上建一个空间站。
_____________ a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.
③众所周知，杨利伟是中国第一位飞入太空的航天员。
_____________ Yang Liwei is China's first astronaut to fly in space.
It is reported that
It is known that
④据说王教授要来做一个关于他在海上冒险的演讲。
It is said that Professor Wang is coming to make a speech about his adventures at sea.
→Professor Wang is said _______ to make a speech about his adventures at sea.
to come
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A ________ (急剧的) drop in prices will cause serious problems to the residents.
2．Her ________ (技巧) has improved recently.
3．Her former telephone number differed from mine by one ________ (数字).
4．His first novel was ________ (出版) in 2002.
5．Customers seem to like the car's ________ (曲线) and angles.
sharp
technique
digit
published
curves
6．As they came back, Robert's ________ (直升机) came into view.
7．They can manufacture a whole host of body parts, from neurons to muscles to blood ________ (细胞).
8．She was remembering a comedy watched in ________ (童年).
helicopter
cells
childhood
Ⅱ.短语填空
take it easy, as a result, in terms of, compare...with, up to, make arrangements for, be good at, according to, in one's childhood, make good use of
1．It is unwise to_______females _____males unconditionally.
2．____________！ We all know that failure is the mother of success.
compare
with
Take it easy
3．The job is great ____________ salary, but it has its disadvantages.
4．We can ____________ the Internet to search for any information we need.
5．____________ , the officials changed their attitude and started to take action.
6．He ____________ shooting, and he finally realized his dream of becoming a champion at the age of 37.
7．____________ what I have learnt, he will take charge of the new organization.
in terms of
make good use of
As a result
was good at
According to
8．_____ two thirds of residents here are contented with their welfare.
9．The conductor was busy __________________ the coming performance.
10．He suffered a lot mentally because of the accident ____________．
Up to
making arrangements for
in his childhood
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 when he________ (publish) his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78.
2．“Where do you think you are？” he asked. I turned ________ (sharp). “The McNay Art Museum！”
3．I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up ____three books a day as a child.
published
sharply
to
4．Besides, the number of snakes had declined as well. He realized that it was ________ there weren't enough trees to protect them from the heat.
5．Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower ________ (arrange).
6．Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your ________ (emotion) health.
7．Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the ________ (excite) of going to the library lives on from generation to generation.
because
arrangement
emotional
excitement
8．_____a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner's knee, are uncommon among race walkers.
9．His expressive paintings are almost _________ (photography) in detail.
10．A ________ (digit) doctor could help provide medical care through the global web.
11．Meetings are held ________ (periodic) to monitor the stage on the case.
12．This reduces the burden of ________ (memorise) and helps you master it faster.
As
photographic
digital
periodically
memorisation
Ⅳ.单句写作
1．由你决定我们这周末去哪里。(be up to sb. to do sth.)
___________________________________________________________
2．放轻松！别忘了，你是一个有天赋的演员。(take it easy)
___________________________________________________________
3．我们应该好好利用每一秒，让自己变得更强大。(make good use of)
___________________________________________________________
It is up to you to decide where to go this weekend.
Take it easy! Don't forget that you are a talented actor.
We should make good use of every second to make ourselves stronger.
4．这是因为好的学习策略对你大有裨益。(This is because...)
___________________________________________________________
5．这是我第一次参加学校活动。(It is the first time that...)
___________________________________________________________
6．许多健康问题是你的日常饮食引起的。(result from)
___________________________________________________________
This is because a good learning strategy is of great benefit to you.
It is the first time that I have taken part in school activities.
Many health problems result from your daily diet.
7．我的确认为她的行为很糟糕。(用do强调谓语)
___________________________________________________________
8．已经证实这个司机跟此次事故无关。(It has been proved that...)
___________________________________________________________
I do think she's behaved badly.
It has been proved that the driver has nothing to do with the accident.
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
1．He just ________ (发表) a paper in the journal Nature analysing the fires.
2．There was one other person outside the family who influenced me in my early ________ (童年).
3．Over the years, there have been a number of different ________ (技巧) to help designers approach this important point.
4．Human tissue is made up of ________ (细胞).
5．I'll make __________ (安排) for you to be met at the airport.
published
childhood
techniques
cells
arrangements
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分)
1．Avatar comes back to the big screen in China, sparking (引发) ________ (excite) among sci fi fans.
2．China has made much progress in developing the ________ (digit) economy over the past five years.
3．A serious incident was prevented by the ________ (time) arrival of the police.
4．Mothers are often the ones who provide ________ (emotion) support for the family.
excitement
digital
timely
emotional
5．Neither my parents nor my younger sister ________ (be) at home today.
6．This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ________ (carry) special significance.
7．The musician along with his band members ________ (give) ten performances in the last three months.
is
carries
has given
Ⅲ.选词填空(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
take it easy, as a result, up to, in terms of, make good use of
1．____________！ I can help you with your work.
2．____________ quantity, production grows faster than never before.
3．The chaos may have contributed to the deaths of ______ 20 people.
4．I will ____________ my spare time to enrich my vocabulary in English.
5．_________， the rapid expansion of cities can cause some social and economic problems.
Take it easy
In terms of
up to
make good use of
As a result
Ⅳ.完成句子(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
1．已证实宫保鸡丁在全球的中国餐馆是最受欢迎的菜肴之一。(prove)
__________________ Kung Pao Chicken is one of the most popular dishes in Chinese restaurants ________．
2．许多供儿童阅读的新书出版了，而且数量正在增加。
A number of books designed for children ________________， and the number of them ________________．
It has been proved that
worldwide
have been published
is growing/increasing
3．我约会迟到了，那是因为我在路上碰到一位老朋友。
I was late for the appointment. ______________I met an old friend on the way.
4．如果他真的决定要来，请让我知道。(强调谓语)
If he _______________， let me know please.
That was because
does decide to come
Ⅴ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
We traveled to Moscow, Russia for river sightseeing. I had never been to Russia and my impression of that country was formed by what I heard and saw on television and in the newspaper. We were to be picked up at the airport by a driver who would then take us to the hotel and then go sightseeing. We arrived on time, got our baggage and went to the gate, but no one was waiting holding a sign with our names.
We had the phone numbers of the driver and the travel agency but no phone worked in Russia. I noticed a young woman sitting next to me with a cell phone so I asked her if she spoke English and she replied “Yes”. Should she call our driver or the travel agency, I would pay for the call, I asked. “No problem，” she replied and called both numbers but no one answered.
A Russian woman holding a sign with someone's name on it, not ours, must have overheard this conversation and took the paper and called both numbers. Again, no one answered. She shrugged and sat down and then her phone was ringing (the phone was from my driver) and in Russian she had a conversation.
Then she started to tell me about the call from my driver, but in Russian. I said, “No Russian, English？” She said, “No English, Russian or Spanish.” The young woman who had made the first call said she spoke Spanish. So the Russian woman relayed (传达) the information from our driver to the young woman in Spanish. Then the young woman told the information to me in English.
The three of us looked at each other and realized what had just happened and laughed and hugged each other. That was international kindness.
1．What can we infer from the first paragraph？( )
A．The author came to Russia on business.
B．The author knew Russia very well.
C．The driver waited for the author at the airport on time.
D．The driver didn't show up at the airport.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“We were to be picked up at the airport by a driver who would then take us to the hotel and then go sightseeing. We arrived on time, got our baggage and went to the gate, but no one was waiting holding a sign with our names.”可知，司机没有出现。故选D。
2．How can we describe the two women at the airport？( )
A．Boring. B．Cold.
C．Warm hearted. D．Optimistic.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。通过文章对两位女士帮助作者的描写可知，这两位女士很热心。故选C。
3．Who can speak English according to the passage？( )
A．The driver and the Russian woman.
B．The driver and the young woman.
C．The Russian woman and the author.
D．The young woman and the author.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I noticed a young woman sitting next to me with a cell phone so I asked her if she spoke English and she replied ‘Yes’”及第三段中的“She shrugged and sat down and then her phone was ringing (the phone was from my driver) and in Russian she had a conversation.”和第四段中的“Then she started to tell me about the call from my driver, but in Russian. I said, ‘No Russian, English？’ She said, ‘No English, Russian or Spanish.’”可知司机和俄国女士不会说英语。故选D。
4．Which of the following can be the title of the passage？( )
A．Kindness Needs No Translation
B．An Experience in Russia
C．The Importance of Language in Communication
D.Things to Prepare During the Trip
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了作者在俄罗斯受到两位热心女士帮助的故事。故事中虽然有语言障碍，但是并没有影响爱心的传递。故选A。
B
What are your retirement plans Keep working Get more exercise Or learn something new You may put them on hold. There's a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars (火星).
On Thursday, National Geographic will show the first ever Mars show home, giving earthlings an idea of what their life could look like on the Red Planet. Set in the not so distant year of 2037, the igloo shaped structure could be the home of your future.
It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognisable—kitchen, bedroom—but there are fundamental differences that are vital for human survival.
As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earth's, people will need permanent shelter from the sun and society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houses won't have windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has been bent several times.
Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick, to protect people from dangerous rays that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double air locked entrance to keep the home under proper pressure.
“We don't think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars your house will be a survival centre，” says Stephen Petranek, author of How We'll Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of sci fi. “Ten to twenty years from now there will certainly be people on Mars，” Petranek says.
“We've had the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we haven't had the will，” Petranek says. “But two main factors have completely swung public attitudes.”
The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to speed up their game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian have caught society's eye.
5．What can we know about the show home from the text？( )
A．It has no windows or doors due to security concern.
B．Its design presents the idea of environmental protection.
C．It has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure.
D．Its underground passages connect all the buildings together.
答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的“It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks.”可知，火星样板房的设计采用了可回收的宇宙飞船上的一些部件，体现了环保意识。故选B。
6．What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean？( )
A．Put them off.
B．Give them away.
C．Carry them through.
D．Take them seriously.
答案：A
解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段的“There's a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars.”可知，之前的列举都可能被搁置下来，而去火星居住迟早会成为可能。故选A。
7．According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars？( )
A．The great influence of Mars show home.
B．The development of related technology.
C．The competition from private companies.
D．The popularity of influential books on Mars.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The private companies' participation has forced government agencies to speed up their game”可知，Petranek认为一些私人企业的参与促进了送人类去火星居住这一设想的进程。故选C。
8．What is the best title for the text？( )
A．Living on Mars：Possible or Not
B．Sending People to Mars：Yes or No
C．First Ever Show Home：How Is It Made
D．Future Home on Mars：What Will It Be Like
答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了相关介绍。故选D。
Ⅵ.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
How do you stay true to yourself when you're surrounded by friends and your family that have an opinion on everything you do It's not easy! 1(____) Here are 4 tips which can help you live a dynamic life.
2(____)
Stay true to yourself by listening to the only opinions that really matter—your own and those from people who believe in and encourage you. You know yourself better than anybody else.
Don't fear people.
3(____) The reason why most people don't take risks is the fear of what others might think of them. If you want to live the life you truly deserve, you must give up the need to be liked by everybody.
Value yourself and your choices.
When you do，others will too. Own the choices you make in your life. 4(____) When you believe in yourself, others will believe in you too. Show confidence in your choices and ignore others' opinions.
Focus on appreciation.
No matter what the circumstances are, there is always something to be grateful for. All people will ask, “What am I grateful for How can I improve my situation and use the tough time to inspire others？” 5(____)
These steps, if applied, will help you transform your peace of mind, lifestyle, etc.
A．Focus on your own talents and strengths.
B．Never let others' opinions influence your choices.
C．Treat every person as if they are important.
D.When you doubt yourself, others will doubt you.
E．Stay fearless in everything you will have to do.
F．Be thankful to life and be helpful to others, and you'll lead a successful life.
G．However, there are great possibilities that you can lead the life you really want.
1．答案：G
解析：“It's not easy”说明当周围的朋友、家人对你所做的每件事都有意见时，想要忠于自己并不容易，再结合首段最后一句可知，G项与“It's not easy”在意义上是转折关系。故选G。
2．答案：B
解析：由“...by listening to the only opinions that really matter—your own... and encourage you.”可知选B。
3．答案：E
解析：E项与“Don't fear people”及本段内容相呼应。
4．答案：D
解析：D项与空后的“When you believe in yourself, others will believe in you too”形成对比。
5．答案：F
解析：“Focus on appreciation”中的“appreciation”及“What am I grateful for”中的“grateful”与F项中的“thankful”及“helpful”相呼应。故选F。
Ⅶ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Since an early age, I have developed an interest in art. I must admit that I am crazy about the paintings by Vincent van Gogh (1853～1890).
1．________ (consider) as one of the greatest artists all the time, this Dutch Post Impressionist artist had a great influence on 2.________ 20th century art. Vincent spent his early adult life working for a firm of art dealers. Later he tried to be a minister, but he was not 3.________ (success).
Vincent had mental problems and was often emotional, which made 4.________ difficult for him to succeed. It is not until 1880 5.________ Vincent began his career as an artist. However, during the last ten years of his life, he produced more than 2，000 pieces, including around 900 paintings and 1，100 drawings. Most of his best known works 6.________ (produce) during his final two years, when he was 7.________ (serious) ill.
In 1890, at the age of 37, Vincent shot himself. The only painting he sold during his lifetime, The Red Vineyard, was created in 1888. It is now 8.________ exhibition in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow, Russia. Several 9.________ (painting) by Vincent rank among the most expensive in the world. On November 11，1987, Vincent's painting Irises was sold for a record of $53.9 million. On May 15，1990，his Portrait of Dr. Gachet was sold for $82.5 million, thus 10.________ (set) a new price record.
1．答案：Considered
解析：考查非谓语动词。这位荷兰后印象派艺术家一直被认为是最伟大的艺术家之一，对20世纪的艺术产生了巨大的影响。句子主语this Dutch Post Impressionist artist和consider之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词作状语，故填Considered。
2．答案：the
解析：考查冠词。表示“第几世纪”要用定冠词the。
3．答案：successful
解析：考查形容词。他后来试图成为一名牧师，但并没有成功。be动词后面应用形容词作表语，故填successful。
4．答案：it
解析：考查代词。“make it＋形容词＋for sb.＋动词不定式”为固定结构，其中it是形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的宾语。
5．答案：that
解析：考查强调句。直到1880年，Vincent才开始了他的艺术家生涯。此处是强调句型，强调时间状语“until 1880”，故填that。
6．答案：were produced
解析：考查动词的时态和语态。本句的主语是被创作的对象，且此处表示的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
7．答案：seriously
解析：考查副词。此处用副词修饰后面的形容词ill。
8．答案：on
解析：考查介词。on exhibition为固定短语，意为“在展览中”。
9．答案：paintings
解析：考查名词的数。painting为可数名词，且本空前面有several，故应用其复数形式。
10．答案：setting
解析：考查非谓语动词。此处应用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。
