Unit 3 On the move
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Rock climbing might seem extremely dangerous,but most climbers know what they’re doing.Over the years,climbers have developed knowledge and techniques that allow them to conquer rocks safely.There are different kinds of rock climbing.The two main categories are aid climbing and free climbing.Aid climbing uses equipment,such as screws inserted into rocks to help climbers pull themselves to the top.In free climbing,most climbers use equipment only to protect themselves from falling: they don’t use any tool to help them climb up the rock.In free climbing,it’s all about skill,strength and knowledge.
You might think that muscles are the most important factor in this extreme sport.Not so,says Jeremy Noris,a rock climber in the US.“You can’t muscle your way through climbing no matter how hard you try,”he says.More important factors are balance,coordination,and the ability to make your body tense,which help climbers pull themselves up.Noris also says that lower-body strength is actually more important than upper-body strength.One of the best climbers Noris can only do seven pull-ups,but he has no problems climbing up some of the most rugged rock faces around.
Although some climbers have mastered the sport,beginners are welcome.Start with bouldering,a kind of climbing without a rope that takes place on a rock three to five metres tall,so that falling won’t result in a serious injury.Believe me—it won’t seem that low when you are looking down from the top.
( )1.What does the main difference between aid climbing and free climbing lie in
[A] It lies in the function of the equipment.
[B] It lies in the way climbers keep balance.
[C] It lies in the rocks climbers choose to conquer.
[D] It lies in the strength climbers use.
( )2.Which of the following statements is true about the free climbing
[A] Screws are required,so climbers can pull themselves up.
[B] Skill,strength and knowledge play a great role in it.
[C] Climbers are not allowed to use any kind of tools.
[D] The rules are not so strict as those of aid climbing.
( )3.What can we learn from the example of the climber Noris in Paragraph 2
[A] Conquering rocks has nothing to do with strength.
[B] Muscles are the most important factor in rock climbing.
[C] The more pull-ups a climber does,the tenser his body will be.
[D] Upper-body strength is not as important as lower-body strength.
( )4.What does the writer suggest for the beginners
[A] The beginners should first take a basic level course.
[B] The beginners should overcome the fear of height.
[C] The beginners should climb without a rope to a lower height.
[D] The beginners should learn to protect themselves from injury.
B
(2025·八省联考)
Want to learn a new language or get A’s in college exams Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long-term memory.A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.
Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function,scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning.
Participants—72 healthy male and female adults—were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning.After the test,all of the subjects watched nature documentaries,but two-thirds of them also exercised.Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test.The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested.
Two days later,all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test,and they were connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity.The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately.Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity,indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned.
According to this research,the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying.But why That’s one question the researchers have yet to answer.Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning.I’ve run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout.But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning.
( )5.What did the new study aim to explore
[A] When exercise is best for learning.
[B] What biochemicals are good for health.
[C] How brainwaves should be measured.
[D] Which area of the brain is the most active.
( )6.What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment
[A] Train on bicycles.
[B] Do mathematics exercises.
[C] Play computer games.
[D] Watch films about nature.
( )7.Why did the participants return to the lab two days later
[A] To do a medical examination.
[B] To have their memory tested.
[C] To get their workouts recorded.
[D] To finish their previous tasks.
( )8.What might the author’s marathon running prove
[A] The findings of the study are reliable.
[B] Long-distance runners are often smart.
[C] Studies on the marathon are not enough.
[D] Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain.
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2024-2025学年江苏南京六校联合体考试)
How Playing Sports Benefits
Your Body and Your Brain
Many people love to celebrate victory on the playing field,cheer for their favorite teams,and play sports.But here are some questions:Should we be so addicted to sports Is playing sports actually as good for us as we make it out to be,or just a fun and entertaining pastime 1.
First of all,exercising,especially when we’re young,has all sorts of health benefits.It strengthens our bones,clears out bad cholesterol (胆固醇) from our arteries,and decreases the risk of stroke,high blood pressure,and diabetes.When we work out,our brains also release a number of chemicals,including endorphins (内啡肽).These natural hormones control pain and pleasure responses in the central nervous system.2. Studies show that if you can find a sport and a team you like,there are all sorts of benefits that go beyond the physical and mental benefits of exercise alone.
In addition,commitment to a team and doing something fun can also make it easier to establish a regular habit of exercise.School sport participation has also been shown to reduce the risk of suffering from depression for up to four years.3. There are a few reasons for that.One is found in training.Just by working at skills,especially with a good coach,you develop a growth mindset within yourself,which is useful in all walks of life.4. The experience of coming to terms with defeat can build the resilience (复原力) and self-awareness necessary to manage academic,social,and physical obstacles.
Now,not everyone will enjoy every sport.But if you spend some time looking,you’ll be able to find a sport that fits your individual needs.5. You’ll be a part of a supportive community,you’ll be building your confidence,you’ll be exercising your body,and you’ll be nurturing your mind.
A.What does science have to say
B.Therefore,you’ll get a lot of fun.
C.They can lead to feelings of excitement.
D.And if you do,there are so many benefits.
E.And then there is learning through failure.
F.Should we get much benefit from going to the gym
G.Meanwhile,your self-esteem (自尊) and confidence can get a big boost.
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
The literal translation of Cuju is “kick the ball with the foot”.Its 1. (popular) spread from the army to the royal courts and upper classes in the Han Dynasty.The sport
2. (improve) during the Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) and flourished during the Song Dynasty,3. (extend) its popularity to all walks of life.
Originally the ball was stuffed with fur but eventually they moved on to a ball similar to
4. we have today,an air-filled ball.
Early in its history,there was also a two-goal version of Cuju.In another version of Cuju,the singular (单个的) goal was positioned in the centre of the field and featured two upright poles that 5. (be) about 10 metres long.At the top,6. (tie) between the poles,was a net,in the middle of which there was a round hole called fengliuyan.
There were 7. (total) two types of playing.In one version,known as baida,the goal was removed and the aim was 8. (demonstrate) skills in throwing and catching the ball.The winners were determined by the number of tricks performed and the level of skills.
The earliest record of women Cuju players can be traced back 9. the Han Dynasty.Up to the Tang Dynasty,Cuju served as 10. kind of entertainment.
Unit 3 On the move
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Rock climbing might seem extremely dangerous,but most climbers know what they’re doing.Over the years,climbers have developed knowledge and techniques that allow them to conquer rocks safely.There are different kinds of rock climbing.The two main categories are aid climbing and free climbing.Aid climbing uses equipment,such as screws inserted into rocks to help climbers pull themselves to the top.In free climbing,most climbers use equipment only to protect themselves from falling: they don’t use any tool to help them climb up the rock.In free climbing,it’s all about skill,strength and knowledge.
You might think that muscles are the most important factor in this extreme sport.Not so,says Jeremy Noris,a rock climber in the US.“You can’t muscle your way through climbing no matter how hard you try,”he says.More important factors are balance,coordination,and the ability to make your body tense,which help climbers pull themselves up.Noris also says that lower-body strength is actually more important than upper-body strength.One of the best climbers Noris can only do seven pull-ups,but he has no problems climbing up some of the most rugged rock faces around.
Although some climbers have mastered the sport,beginners are welcome.Start with bouldering,a kind of climbing without a rope that takes place on a rock three to five metres tall,so that falling won’t result in a serious injury.Believe me—it won’t seem that low when you are looking down from the top.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了攀岩这项运动,包括攀岩的种类、技巧以及初学者应该如何开始。
( )1.What does the main difference between aid climbing and free climbing lie in
[A] It lies in the function of the equipment.
[B] It lies in the way climbers keep balance.
[C] It lies in the rocks climbers choose to conquer.
[D] It lies in the strength climbers use.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Aid climbing uses equipment,such...climb up the rock.”可知,辅助攀登使用设备,如插入岩石的螺钉,帮助攀登者将自己拉到顶部。在自由攀登中,大多数攀登者只使用设备来保护自己不掉落:他们不使用任何工具来帮助他们爬上岩石。因此,辅助攀登和自由攀登的主要区别在于设备的功能,故选A。
( )2.Which of the following statements is true about the free climbing
[A] Screws are required,so climbers can pull themselves up.
[B] Skill,strength and knowledge play a great role in it.
[C] Climbers are not allowed to use any kind of tools.
[D] The rules are not so strict as those of aid climbing.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,在自由攀登中,一切都关乎技能、力量和知识。因此,技能、力量和知识在自由攀岩中起着重要作用,故选B。
( )3.What can we learn from the example of the climber Noris in Paragraph 2
[A] Conquering rocks has nothing to do with strength.
[B] Muscles are the most important factor in rock climbing.
[C] The more pull-ups a climber does,the tenser his body will be.
[D] Upper-body strength is not as important as lower-body strength.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Noris also says that lower-body strength...most rugged rock faces around.”可以推断出:上半身的力量不如下半身的力量重要,故选D。
( )4.What does the writer suggest for the beginners
[A] The beginners should first take a basic level course.
[B] The beginners should overcome the fear of height.
[C] The beginners should climb without a rope to a lower height.
[D] The beginners should learn to protect themselves from injury.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Start with bouldering,a kind...result in a serious injury.”可知,作者建议初学者从抱石开始,这是一种在没有绳索的情况下进行的攀岩,发生在三到五米高的岩石上,这样跌落就不会导致严重伤害。因此,作者建议初学者在没有绳索的情况下攀登较低的高度,故选C。
B
(2025·八省联考)
Want to learn a new language or get A’s in college exams Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long-term memory.A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.
Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function,scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning.
Participants—72 healthy male and female adults—were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning.After the test,all of the subjects watched nature documentaries,but two-thirds of them also exercised.Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test.The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested.
Two days later,all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test,and they were connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity.The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately.Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity,indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned.
According to this research,the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying.But why That’s one question the researchers have yet to answer.Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning.I’ve run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout.But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究,以确定何时进行锻炼能最大程度提高学习效果。
( )5.What did the new study aim to explore
[A] When exercise is best for learning.
[B] What biochemicals are good for health.
[C] How brainwaves should be measured.
[D] Which area of the brain is the most active.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句以及第二段内容可知,新研究旨在探索什么时候锻炼最有利于学习。故选A。
( )6.What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment
[A] Train on bicycles.
[B] Do mathematics exercises.
[C] Play computer games.
[D] Watch films about nature.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知,所有受试者在实验过程中被要求观看自然纪录片。故选D。
( )7.Why did the participants return to the lab two days later
[A] To do a medical examination.
[B] To have their memory tested.
[C] To get their workouts recorded.
[D] To finish their previous tasks.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知,受试者两天后返回实验室是为了进行记忆测试。故选B。
( )8.What might the author’s marathon running prove
[A] The findings of the study are reliable.
[B] Long-distance runners are often smart.
[C] Studies on the marathon are not enough.
[D] Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain.
【答案】 D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句可知,作者通过自己跑马拉松的经历证明,剧烈的锻炼可能不会使大脑变得敏锐。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2024-2025学年江苏南京六校联合体考试)
How Playing Sports Benefits
Your Body and Your Brain
Many people love to celebrate victory on the playing field,cheer for their favorite teams,and play sports.But here are some questions:Should we be so addicted to sports Is playing sports actually as good for us as we make it out to be,or just a fun and entertaining pastime 1.
First of all,exercising,especially when we’re young,has all sorts of health benefits.It strengthens our bones,clears out bad cholesterol (胆固醇) from our arteries,and decreases the risk of stroke,high blood pressure,and diabetes.When we work out,our brains also release a number of chemicals,including endorphins (内啡肽).These natural hormones control pain and pleasure responses in the central nervous system.2. Studies show that if you can find a sport and a team you like,there are all sorts of benefits that go beyond the physical and mental benefits of exercise alone.
In addition,commitment to a team and doing something fun can also make it easier to establish a regular habit of exercise.School sport participation has also been shown to reduce the risk of suffering from depression for up to four years.3. There are a few reasons for that.One is found in training.Just by working at skills,especially with a good coach,you develop a growth mindset within yourself,which is useful in all walks of life.4. The experience of coming to terms with defeat can build the resilience (复原力) and self-awareness necessary to manage academic,social,and physical obstacles.
Now,not everyone will enjoy every sport.But if you spend some time looking,you’ll be able to find a sport that fits your individual needs.5. You’ll be a part of a supportive community,you’ll be building your confidence,you’ll be exercising your body,and you’ll be nurturing your mind.
A.What does science have to say
B.Therefore,you’ll get a lot of fun.
C.They can lead to feelings of excitement.
D.And if you do,there are so many benefits.
E.And then there is learning through failure.
F.Should we get much benefit from going to the gym
G.Meanwhile,your self-esteem (自尊) and confidence can get a big boost.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了运动对身体和大脑的好处。
1.【答案】 A
【解析】 上文“But here are some questions...and entertaining pastime ”提出了关于运动的两个问题。A项承上启下,继续提问,引出下文关于运动好处的科学解释,与上文问题相呼应。故选A。
2.【答案】 C
【解析】 设空处前一句讲述了运动时大脑释放的化学物质及其作用。C项中的“They”指代上文提到的“These natural hormones”,说明这些激素能带来兴奋的感觉,与上文内容紧密衔接。故选C。
3.【答案】 G
【解析】 设空处上一句讲述了参与学校体育活动的好处。G项进一步说明参与体育活动还可以提升自尊和自信,与上文构成并列关系,共同阐述体育活动的好处。故选G。
4.【答案】 E
【解析】 上文“One is found in training...is useful in all walks of life.”讲述了训练中的好处。E项引出另一种好处,即通过失败来学习,与上文构成并列关系,且“And then”表示递进,使文章结构更加清晰。故选E。
5.【答案】 D
【解析】 设空处前一句讲述了找到适合自己的运动的好处。D项中的“if you do”指代上文“spend some time looking,you’ll be able to find a sport that fits your individual needs”,说明如果这样做了,就会有很多好处,与上文内容紧密衔接,且引出下文对好处的具体阐述。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
The literal translation of Cuju is “kick the ball with the foot”.Its 1. (popular) spread from the army to the royal courts and upper classes in the Han Dynasty.The sport
2. (improve) during the Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) and flourished during the Song Dynasty,3. (extend) its popularity to all walks of life.
Originally the ball was stuffed with fur but eventually they moved on to a ball similar to
4. we have today,an air-filled ball.
Early in its history,there was also a two-goal version of Cuju.In another version of Cuju,the singular (单个的) goal was positioned in the centre of the field and featured two upright poles that 5. (be) about 10 metres long.At the top,6. (tie) between the poles,was a net,in the middle of which there was a round hole called fengliuyan.
There were 7. (total) two types of playing.In one version,known as baida,the goal was removed and the aim was 8. (demonstrate) skills in throwing and catching the ball.The winners were determined by the number of tricks performed and the level of skills.
The earliest record of women Cuju players can be traced back 9. the Han Dynasty.Up to the Tang Dynasty,Cuju served as 10. kind of entertainment.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代蹴鞠的发展历程,从汉朝的起源到唐朝的普及和宋朝的繁荣,以及蹴鞠的玩法和规则的变化等。
1.【答案】 popularity
【解析】 考查名词。此处充当句子主语,故用popular的名词形式。故填popularity。
2.【答案】 was improved
【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处叙述蹴鞠在唐朝的发展情况,故应用一般过去时态,且主语The sport为第三人称单数,be动词应用was,又因主语与improve之间为被动关系。故填was improved。
3.【答案】 extending
【解析】 考查现在分词。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词,此处为上文造成的一种结果,两者构成主动关系,应使用现在分词作状语。故填extending。
4.【答案】 what
【解析】 考查宾语从句。此处引导的是宾语从句,引导词作宾语,意为“……的事物”。故填what。
5.【答案】 were
【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处使用动词作谓语,句子主语that指代two upright poles,根据上文可知句子使用一般过去时。故填were。
6.【答案】 tied
【解析】 考查过去分词。句中was为谓语动词,此处应使用非谓语动词,a net与tie之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词形式。故填tied。
7.【答案】 totally
【解析】 考查副词。此处使用total的副词totally作状语。故填totally。
8.【答案】 to demonstrate
【解析】 考查动词不定式。充当表语,说明主语的内容,表示目的,应用动词不定式。故填to demonstrate。
9.【答案】 to
【解析】 考查介词。trace back to为固定搭配,意为“追溯到……”。故填to。
10.【答案】 a
【解析】 考查冠词。此处表示泛指,意为“一种”,且kind为辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。故填a。
(
第
7
页
)(共45张PPT)
Unit 3 On the move
题组训练
(限时35分钟 总分47.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
Rock climbing might seem extremely dangerous,but most climbers know what they’re doing.Over the years,climbers have developed knowledge and techniques that allow them to conquer rocks safely.There are different kinds of rock climbing.The two main categories are aid climbing and free climbing.
Aid climbing uses equipment,such as screws inserted into rocks to help climbers pull themselves to the top.In free climbing,most climbers use equipment only to protect themselves from falling: they don’t use any tool to help them climb up the rock.In free climbing,it’s all about skill,strength and knowledge.
You might think that muscles are the most important factor in this extreme sport.Not so,says Jeremy Noris,a rock climber in the US.“You can’t muscle your way through climbing no matter how hard you try,”he says.
More important factors are balance,coordination,and the ability to make your body tense,which help climbers pull themselves up.Noris also says that lower-body strength is actually more important than upper-body strength.
One of the best climbers Noris can only do seven pull-ups,but he has no problems climbing up some of the most rugged rock faces around.
Although some climbers have mastered the sport,beginners are welcome.Start with bouldering,a kind of climbing without a rope that takes place on a rock three to five metres tall,so that falling won’t result in a serious injury.Believe me—it won’t seem that low when you are looking down from the top.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了攀岩这项运动,包括攀岩的种类、技巧以及初学者应该如何开始。
( )1.What does the main difference between aid climbing and free climbing lie in
[A] It lies in the function of the equipment.
[B] It lies in the way climbers keep balance.
[C] It lies in the rocks climbers choose to conquer.
[D] It lies in the strength climbers use.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Aid climbing uses equipment,
such...climb up the rock.”可知,辅助攀登使用设备,如插入岩石的螺钉,帮助攀登者将自己拉到顶部。在自由攀登中,大多数攀登者只使用设备来保护自己不掉落:他们不使用任何工具来帮助他们爬上岩石。因此,辅助攀登和自由攀登的主要区别在于设备的功能,故选A。
( )2.Which of the following statements is true about the free climbing
[A] Screws are required,so climbers can pull themselves up.
[B] Skill,strength and knowledge play a great role in it.
[C] Climbers are not allowed to use any kind of tools.
[D] The rules are not so strict as those of aid climbing.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知,在自由攀登中,一切都关乎技能、力量和知识。因此,技能、力量和知识在自由攀岩中起着重要作用,故选B。
( )3.What can we learn from the example of the climber Noris in Paragraph 2
[A] Conquering rocks has nothing to do with strength.
[B] Muscles are the most important factor in rock climbing.
[C] The more pull-ups a climber does,the tenser his body will be.
[D] Upper-body strength is not as important as lower-body strength.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Noris also says that lower-body strength...most rugged rock faces around.”可以推断出:上半身的力量不如下半身的力量重要,故选D。
( )4.What does the writer suggest for the beginners
[A] The beginners should first take a basic level course.
[B] The beginners should overcome the fear of height.
[C] The beginners should climb without a rope to a lower height.
[D] The beginners should learn to protect themselves from injury.
C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Start with bouldering,a kind...
result in a serious injury.”可知,作者建议初学者从抱石开始,这是一种在没有绳索的情况下进行的攀岩,发生在三到五米高的岩石上,这样跌落就不会导致严重伤害。因此,作者建议初学者在没有绳索的情况下攀登较低的高度,
故选C。
B
(2025·八省联考)
Want to learn a new language or get A’s in college exams Previous studies have shown that exercise can help stimulate the areas of the brain that convert (转换) new information into long-term memory.A new study has taken this information one step further and found the best time when exercise can help maximize learning.
Building upon past research that found exercise releases biochemicals that improve mental function,scientists at Radboud University and the University of Edinburgh conducted a study to determine when exercise was most beneficial to learning.
Participants—72 healthy male and female adults—were first asked to perform a computer test that challenged their visual and spatial learning.
After the test,all of the subjects watched nature documentaries,but two-thirds of them also exercised.Half of the exercisers did circuit training on an exercise bike for 35 minutes immediately after the test.The other half did the same exercise but not until four hours after they had been tested.
Two days later,all of the participants returned to the lab for a recall test,and they were connected to MRI (磁共振成像) machines to assess their brain activity.The participants who exercised four hours after taking the computer test were able to recall what they had learned most accurately.
Their brainwaves also showed more consistent levels of activity,indicating that their brains were less taxed to remember what they had learned.
According to this research,the best time to exercise to improve learning is four hours after studying.But why That’s one question the researchers have yet to answer.Another question left unanswered is the level of exercise that might best improve learning.I’ve run enough marathons to prove the fact that my brain is anything but sharp during or after a tough workout.But the researchers noted that light workouts might not give the brain enough of a biochemical boost to improve learning.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究,以确定何时进行锻炼能最大程度提高学习效果。
( )5.What did the new study aim to explore
[A] When exercise is best for learning.
[B] What biochemicals are good for health.
[C] How brainwaves should be measured.
[D] Which area of the brain is the most active.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句以及第二段内容可知,新研究旨在探索什么时候锻炼最有利于学习。故选A。
( )6.What were all the participants asked to do during the experiment
[A] Train on bicycles.
[B] Do mathematics exercises.
[C] Play computer games.
[D] Watch films about nature.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知,所有受试者在实验过程中被要求观看自然纪录片。故选D。
( )7.Why did the participants return to the lab two days later
[A] To do a medical examination.
[B] To have their memory tested.
[C] To get their workouts recorded.
[D] To finish their previous tasks.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知,受试者两天后返回实验室是为了进行记忆测试。故选B。
( )8.What might the author’s marathon running prove
[A] The findings of the study are reliable.
[B] Long-distance runners are often smart.
[C] Studies on the marathon are not enough.
[D] Hard exercise may not sharpen the brain.
D
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句可知,作者通过自己跑马拉松的经历证明,剧烈的锻炼可能不会使大脑变得敏锐。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2024-2025学年江苏南京六校联合体考试)
How Playing Sports Benefits Your Body and Your Brain
Many people love to celebrate victory on the playing field,cheer for their favorite teams,and play sports.But here are some questions:Should we be so addicted to sports Is playing sports actually as good for us as we make it out to be,or just a fun and entertaining pastime 1.
A
First of all,exercising,especially when we’re young,has all sorts of health benefits.It strengthens our bones,clears out bad cholesterol (胆固醇) from our arteries,and decreases the risk of stroke,high blood pressure,and diabetes.When we work out,our brains also release a number of chemicals,
including endorphins (内啡肽).These natural hormones control pain and pleasure responses in the central nervous system.2. Studies show that if you can find a sport and a team you like,there are all sorts of benefits that go beyond the physical and mental benefits of exercise alone.
C
In addition,commitment to a team and doing something fun can also make it easier to establish a regular habit of exercise.School sport participation has also been shown to reduce the risk of suffering from depression for up to four years.3. There are a few reasons for that.One is found in training.Just by working at skills,especially with a good coach,
you develop a growth mindset within yourself,which is useful in all walks of life.4. The experience of coming to terms with defeat can build the resilience (复原力) and self-awareness necessary to manage academic,
social,and physical obstacles.
G
E
Now,not everyone will enjoy every sport.But if you spend some time looking,you’ll be able to find a sport that fits your individual needs.
5. You’ll be a part of a supportive community,you’ll be building your confidence,you’ll be exercising your body,and you’ll be nurturing your mind.
D
A.What does science have to say
B.Therefore,you’ll get a lot of fun.
C.They can lead to feelings of excitement.
D.And if you do,there are so many benefits.
E.And then there is learning through failure.
F.Should we get much benefit from going to the gym
G.Meanwhile,your self-esteem (自尊) and confidence can get a big boost.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了运动对身体和大脑的好处。
1.【解析】 上文“But here are some questions...and entertaining pastime ”提出了关于运动的两个问题。A项承上启下,继续提问,引出下文关于运动好处的科学解释,与上文问题相呼应。故选A。
2.【解析】 设空处前一句讲述了运动时大脑释放的化学物质及其作用。C项中的“They”指代上文提到的“These natural hormones”,说明这些激素能带来兴奋的感觉,与上文内容紧密衔接。故选C。
3.【解析】 设空处上一句讲述了参与学校体育活动的好处。G项进一步说明参与体育活动还可以提升自尊和自信,与上文构成并列关系,共同阐述体育活动的好处。故选G。
4.【解析】 上文“One is found in training...is useful in all walks of life.”讲述了训练中的好处。E项引出另一种好处,即通过失败来学习,与上文构成并列关系,且“And then”表示递进,使文章结构更加清晰。故选E。
5.【解析】 设空处前一句讲述了找到适合自己的运动的好处。D项中的“if you do”指代上文“spend some time looking,you’ll be able to find a sport that fits your individual needs”,说明如果这样做了,就会有很多好处,与上文内容紧密衔接,且引出下文对好处的具体阐述。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
The literal translation of Cuju is “kick the ball with the foot”.Its
1. (popular) spread from the army to the royal courts and upper classes in the Han Dynasty.The sport 2. (improve) during the Tang Dynasty (618 AD—907 AD) and flourished during the Song Dynasty,3. (extend) its popularity to all walks of life.
popularity
was improved
extending
Originally the ball was stuffed with fur but eventually they moved on to a ball similar to 4. we have today,an air-filled ball.
Early in its history,there was also a two-goal version of Cuju.In another version of Cuju,the singular (单个的) goal was positioned in the centre of the field and featured two upright poles that 5. (be) about 10 metres long.At the top,6. (tie) between the poles,was a net,in the middle of which there was a round hole called fengliuyan.
what
were
tied
There were 7. (total) two types of playing.In one version,
known as baida,the goal was removed and the aim was 8.
(demonstrate) skills in throwing and catching the ball.The winners were determined by the number of tricks performed and the level of skills.
totally
to demonstrate
The earliest record of women Cuju players can be traced back
9. the Han Dynasty.Up to the Tang Dynasty,Cuju served as 10. kind of entertainment.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代蹴鞠的发展历程,从汉朝的起源到唐朝的普及和宋朝的繁荣,以及蹴鞠的玩法和规则的变化等。
to
a
1.【解析】 考查名词。此处充当句子主语,故用popular的名词形式。故填popularity。
2.【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处叙述蹴鞠在唐朝的发展情况,故应用一般过去时态,且主语The sport为第三人称单数,be动词应用was,又因主语与improve之间为被动关系。故填was improved。
3.【解析】 考查现在分词。结合句意并分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词,此处为上文造成的一种结果,两者构成主动关系,应使用现在分词作状语。故填extending。
4.【解析】 考查宾语从句。此处引导的是宾语从句,引导词作宾语,
意为“……的事物”。故填what。
5.【解析】 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处使用动词作谓语,句子主语that指代two upright poles,根据上文可知句子使用一般过去时。故填were。
6.【解析】 考查过去分词。句中was为谓语动词,此处应使用非谓语动词,
a net与tie之间是被动关系,故使用过去分词形式。故填tied。
7.【解析】 考查副词。此处使用total的副词totally作状语。故填totally。
8.【解析】 考查动词不定式。充当表语,说明主语的内容,表示目的,应用动词不定式。故填to demonstrate。
9.【解析】 考查介词。trace back to为固定搭配,意为“追溯到……”。故填to。
10.【解析】 考查冠词。此处表示泛指,意为“一种”,且kind为辅音音素开头,故用不定冠词a。故填a。
