选择性必修第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature 题组训练 课件(共50张)+解析--2026届高考英语外研版(2019)大一轮复习

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名称 选择性必修第一册Unit 6 Nurturing nature 题组训练 课件(共50张)+解析--2026届高考英语外研版(2019)大一轮复习
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Unit 6 Nurturing nature
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
James Rainey reads trees like most people read signposts.The senior ecologist is using a small hand camera to identify a lichen (地衣) that is surrounding the base of wild pines (松树) in a deep narrow valley on the west coast of Scotland.He is looking for ecological clues of species associated with the ancient Caledonian Forest,which once covered most of the highlands.
Wild pines have been growing in Scotland continuously since the ice age,offering a globally unique ecosystem supporting rare wildlife.But now less than 2% of the original growth survives,with just less than 20 individual Caledonian pinewood sites now officially recognised.“To meet the demand for more wood,many wild pines in highlands have been removed to make room for commercial forestry,” says Rainey.“This was often done in ancient woodlands and was really damaging to the remaining trees.”
But restoration is still possible,especially since some old trees still survive along with the ancient woodland soil and seed bank—seeds stored in the soil,which can grow once the heavy shade of commercial conifers (针叶树) is removed.
The ecological investigator uses three clues of evidence to discover where these pinewoods first stood.“First there’s the historical evidence,like old maps and texts.Then comes the landscape context:Is the pine associated with planting around a big house,or is the setting more natural And finally I use the ecological evidence:Wild pines usually grow alongside old birch trees (桦树),which indicates ecological continuity,” explains Rainey.
Rainey has identified 23 pines in this area,all rooted in places least accessible.Their needles have been taken for genetic testing to confirm their family trees.“This would have been filled with trees but is now empty—these are the most critical areas in need of regeneration and we want the whole of the ancient woodlands to recover,not just the pines,” he said.
(  )1.Why are the wild pines considered to be so significant
[A] They act as a signpost for the highlands.
[B] They are an indicator of an ancient forest.
[C] They are an alternative to commercial forestry.
[D] They provide a shelter for certain species of lichen.
(  )2.What is essential for the restoration of ancient pinewoods
[A] The existence of ancient seeds.
[B] The presence of commercial conifers.
[C] The awareness of the forest protection.
[D] The application of the advanced technology.
(  )3.How does Rainey determine the original location of the pinewoods
[A] By locating big houses.
[B] By consulting historians.
[C] By referring to digital maps.
[D] By making the most of surroundings.
(  )4.What is Rainey’s ultimate goal
[A] To confirm the genes of the pines.
[B] To restore the old-growth woodlands.
[C] To explore the unfrequented places.
[D] To enrich the diversity of the wild pines.
B
A new form of real estate is popping up along the beaches of South Africa,which are just big enough to fit a family of African penguins.Their unique selling point:a safe and cool place for penguins to breed (繁殖).
Historically,the penguins dug holes in layers of guano (鸟粪),but in the 19th century,traders started selling guano as fertiliser,leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to predators (捕食者) and the burning sun.This has caused African penguin populations to decrease.That’s why conservationists have come to the rescue with the African Penguin Nest Project (APNP),which aims to employ artificial nests to provide penguin parents a safe and shaded place to raise their chicks.
While guano trade petered out by the late 1800s,recreating the layers that accumulated over thousands of years isn’t an option,because seabird populations have declined so much over time and it would take around 600 years to produce one usable guano layer.Hence,the project decided to build artificial nests.At first glance,they look fairly simple—a domed structure made from two molded shells of fabric coated in ceramic slurry (陶瓷浆料),with a small entrance measuring about 20 centimetres wide.
Getting the right temperature and dampness inside the nest was the toughest and most crucial part.The two-layer design and ventilation holes (通风孔) create an air conditioning effect,while the white paint reflects the sun,helping to maintain an interior temperature of less than 35 degrees Celsius.
The project started to use the nests in late 2018.“Within a matter of minutes,penguins were running into them,” says Graham,coordinator of APNP.“That tells you how desperate they are for any opportunity to find a safe place to nest.However,population recovery relies on more than merely giving African penguins a safe place to breed.It’s not simply a case of ‘we give them a nest,the species are saved’.There has to be more.”
(  )5.What do we know about artificial nests
[A] They function better than natural nests.
[B] They are designed and built scientifically.
[C] They are unique attractions of South Africa.
[D] They are equipped with mini air conditioners.
(  )6.What is the goal of APNP
[A] To raise money to preserve penguins.
[B] To promote the sale of artificial nests.
[C] To help penguins fight against diseases.
[D] To provide habitable shelters for penguins.
(  )7.What does the underlined phrase “petered out” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
[A] Turned up. [B] Dried out.
[C] Faded away. [D] Fell apart.
(  )8.Which of the following statements might Graham agree with
[A] Penguins breed more chicks in safer places.
[B] Various conservation efforts need to be combined.
[C] Artificial nests have achieved the desired effect.
[D] Artificial nests should be applied to other species.
(2024-2025学年浙江强基联盟10月高三联考)
How to Keep a Pet Bird Quiet
Birds can be excellent companions,but they can also make a lot of noise.Sometimes that noise is unavoidable,but there are a few steps you can take to train your bird out of loud or continuous squawking (尖叫).
1.    Most birds tend to make some noise,either by singing or squawking.Birds tend to be most vocal during waking hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening.Some birds are more likely to make noise than others,but understand before bringing a bird home that some noise will be unavoidable.
Teach your bird to speak softly.Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers,instead of squawking or yelling.2.    It’s often easier to teach them soft-spoken words compared to other types of sounds.Furthermore,it’s important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird.3.    Because this could strengthen the behaviour you are trying to discourage.
Avoid quick movements.It’s possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird,causing him to feel anxious or over-stimulated.4.    If you have children living at home,teach them not to run through the room your bird is in.
Provide your bird with comfort and security.Birds in the wild participate in “flock calls” as a way of communicating with other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock.If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room,it could be his attempt at sending you a flock call.5.  
A.Understand bird behaviour.
B.Train your bird to be quiet.
C.This may be especially useful for parrots.
D.Give him a treat for quietness to earn your love.
E.Try squawking back to let him know that you’re safe.
F.Do not raise your voice in response to your bird’s volume or tone.
G.Move slowly around your bird,and encourage others to do the same.
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo,once struggling to sustain its 1.      (survive),has undergone a remarkable turnaround.It has become a popular destination 2.     visitors can glimpse diverse animals and appreciate the beauty and significance of life.
The man behind 3.     U-turn is Shen Zhijun,an animal welfare advocate.In 2023,Shen took to the Internet 4.     (publicise) his decade-long reform efforts—a comprehensive campaign transforming the conventional zoo into a conservation-focused sanctuary (保护区).During his 30-minute speech 5.     (title) A Zoo’s Pursuit,Shen showcased the successful changes that he had performed.
After witnessing the helpless and hopeless expressions of the animals,Shen’s team set about making changes.6.     (initial),they removed animal shows,which traditionally serve as the financial backbone of zoos.Subsequently,they transformed the park’s landscape,
cleverly using the 7.     (exist) mountainous terrain of Hongshan to reproduce the natural habitats of animals in the wild.Plus,they introduced “multi-level villas” where animals belonging to the same ecological zone but not occupying the base of the food chain can 8.     (house) together,based on their ecological and geographical distribution.
This zoo has emerged 9.     the most animal-friendly zoo in China.Striking a balance between respecting animals’ dignity and providing 10.      (visit) with enjoyable experiences is a challenging task,but Shen’s team has successfully achieved it.
Unit 6 Nurturing nature
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
James Rainey reads trees like most people read signposts.The senior ecologist is using a small hand camera to identify a lichen (地衣) that is surrounding the base of wild pines (松树) in a deep narrow valley on the west coast of Scotland.He is looking for ecological clues of species associated with the ancient Caledonian Forest,which once covered most of the highlands.
Wild pines have been growing in Scotland continuously since the ice age,offering a globally unique ecosystem supporting rare wildlife.But now less than 2% of the original growth survives,with just less than 20 individual Caledonian pinewood sites now officially recognised.“To meet the demand for more wood,many wild pines in highlands have been removed to make room for commercial forestry,” says Rainey.“This was often done in ancient woodlands and was really damaging to the remaining trees.”
But restoration is still possible,especially since some old trees still survive along with the ancient woodland soil and seed bank—seeds stored in the soil,which can grow once the heavy shade of commercial conifers (针叶树) is removed.
The ecological investigator uses three clues of evidence to discover where these pinewoods first stood.“First there’s the historical evidence,like old maps and texts.Then comes the landscape context:Is the pine associated with planting around a big house,or is the setting more natural And finally I use the ecological evidence:Wild pines usually grow alongside old birch trees (桦树),which indicates ecological continuity,” explains Rainey.
Rainey has identified 23 pines in this area,all rooted in places least accessible.Their needles have been taken for genetic testing to confirm their family trees.“This would have been filled with trees but is now empty—these are the most critical areas in need of regeneration and we want the whole of the ancient woodlands to recover,not just the pines,” he said.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了生态学家James Rainey致力于寻找和保护野生松树,希望让古老的林地得到恢复的事情。
(  )1.Why are the wild pines considered to be so significant
[A] They act as a signpost for the highlands.
[B] They are an indicator of an ancient forest.
[C] They are an alternative to commercial forestry.
[D] They provide a shelter for certain species of lichen.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段及第二段中的“To meet the demand for more wood...damaging to the remaining trees.”可知,野生松树被看得如此重要是因为它们是古老森林的标志。故选B。
(  )2.What is essential for the restoration of ancient pinewoods
[A] The existence of ancient seeds.
[B] The presence of commercial conifers.
[C] The awareness of the forest protection.
[D] The application of the advanced technology.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,古松林恢复的关键是古老种子的存在。故选A。
(  )3.How does Rainey determine the original location of the pinewoods
[A] By locating big houses.
[B] By consulting historians.
[C] By referring to digital maps.
[D] By making the most of surroundings.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,Rainey是通过充分利用周围环境来确定松林的原始位置的。故选D。
(  )4.What is Rainey’s ultimate goal
[A] To confirm the genes of the pines.
[B] To restore the old-growth woodlands.
[C] To explore the unfrequented places.
[D] To enrich the diversity of the wild pines.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,Rainey的最终目标是恢复古老的林地。故选B。
B
A new form of real estate is popping up along the beaches of South Africa,which are just big enough to fit a family of African penguins.Their unique selling point:a safe and cool place for penguins to breed (繁殖).
Historically,the penguins dug holes in layers of guano (鸟粪),but in the 19th century,traders started selling guano as fertiliser,leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to predators (捕食者) and the burning sun.This has caused African penguin populations to decrease.That’s why conservationists have come to the rescue with the African Penguin Nest Project (APNP),which aims to employ artificial nests to provide penguin parents a safe and shaded place to raise their chicks.
While guano trade petered out by the late 1800s,recreating the layers that accumulated over thousands of years isn’t an option,because seabird populations have declined so much over time and it would take around 600 years to produce one usable guano layer.Hence,the project decided to build artificial nests.At first glance,they look fairly simple—a domed structure made from two molded shells of fabric coated in ceramic slurry (陶瓷浆料),with a small entrance measuring about 20 centimetres wide.
Getting the right temperature and dampness inside the nest was the toughest and most crucial part.The two-layer design and ventilation holes (通风孔) create an air conditioning effect,while the white paint reflects the sun,helping to maintain an interior temperature of less than 35 degrees Celsius.
The project started to use the nests in late 2018.“Within a matter of minutes,penguins were running into them,” says Graham,coordinator of APNP.“That tells you how desperate they are for any opportunity to find a safe place to nest.However,population recovery relies on more than merely giving African penguins a safe place to breed.It’s not simply a case of ‘we give them a nest,the species are saved’.There has to be more.”
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在南非海滩上为非洲企鹅建立的人工巢穴项目,旨在通过科普的方式阐述该项目的背景、人工巢穴的设计特点及其对保护企鹅的意义。
(  )5.What do we know about artificial nests
[A] They function better than natural nests.
[B] They are designed and built scientifically.
[C] They are unique attractions of South Africa.
[D] They are equipped with mini air conditioners.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,这些人工巢穴是经过科学设计和建造的。故选B。
(  )6.What is the goal of APNP
[A] To raise money to preserve penguins.
[B] To promote the sale of artificial nests.
[C] To help penguins fight against diseases.
[D] To provide habitable shelters for penguins.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,APNP的目标是为企鹅提供可居住的庇护所。故选D。
(  )7.What does the underlined phrase “petered out” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
[A] Turned up. [B] Dried out.
[C] Faded away. [D] Fell apart.
【答案】 C
【解析】 猜测短语题。根据第三段中的“recreating the layers that accumulated...produce one usable guano layer”可知,重新创造历史上积累了几千年的鸟粪层是不可能的,因为这需要大约600年的时间才能产生一层可用的鸟粪层。因此画线短语所在句应是说“尽管鸟粪贸易在19世纪后期逐渐消失”,peter out意为“逐渐减少/消失”。故选C。
(  )8.Which of the following statements might Graham agree with
[A] Penguins breed more chicks in safer places.
[B] Various conservation efforts need to be combined.
[C] Artificial nests have achieved the desired effect.
[D] Artificial nests should be applied to other species.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,Graham认为仅仅为非洲企鹅提供安全的繁殖地并不足以恢复其种群数量,还需要更多的保护措施。因此,Graham可能会同意的观点是:各种保护措施需要结合在一起。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2024-2025学年浙江强基联盟10月高三联考)
How to Keep a Pet Bird Quiet
Birds can be excellent companions,but they can also make a lot of noise.Sometimes that noise is unavoidable,but there are a few steps you can take to train your bird out of loud or continuous squawking (尖叫).
1.    Most birds tend to make some noise,either by singing or squawking.Birds tend to be most vocal during waking hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening.Some birds are more likely to make noise than others,but understand before bringing a bird home that some noise will be unavoidable.
Teach your bird to speak softly.Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers,instead of squawking or yelling.2.    It’s often easier to teach them soft-spoken words compared to other types of sounds.Furthermore,it’s important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird.3.    Because this could strengthen the behaviour you are trying to discourage.
Avoid quick movements.It’s possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird,causing him to feel anxious or over-stimulated.4.    If you have children living at home,teach them not to run through the room your bird is in.
Provide your bird with comfort and security.Birds in the wild participate in “flock calls” as a way of communicating with other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock.If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room,it could be his attempt at sending you a flock call.5.  
A.Understand bird behaviour.
B.Train your bird to be quiet.
C.This may be especially useful for parrots.
D.Give him a treat for quietness to earn your love.
E.Try squawking back to let him know that you’re safe.
F.Do not raise your voice in response to your bird’s volume or tone.
G.Move slowly around your bird,and encourage others to do the same.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些训练鸟不要大声或持续地尖叫的方法。
1.【答案】 A
【解析】 此段讨论了鸟类在早晨醒来和晚上睡前倾向于发出更多的声音。因此,A项符合题意,因为它强调了理解鸟类行为的重要性,这是保持宠物鸟安静的第一步。故选A。
2.【答案】 C
【解析】 此段建议教你的鸟轻声说话,并在它轻声鸣叫或低语时表扬它。根据设空处前一句以及空后的“easier to teach them”可知,C项符合题意,指以上这种的训练可能特别适用于鹦鹉。故选C。
3.【答案】 F
【解析】 根据设空处前一句与设空处后一句可知,与你的鸟互动时保持平静和温和的语气很重要,否则可能会加强你试图抑制的行为(鸟的吵闹)。F项符合上下文语境。故选F。
4.【答案】 G
【解析】 此段建议避免快速移动,因为这可能会让你的鸟感到焦虑或受到过度刺激。G项符合语境,因为它强调了在鸟周围缓慢移动的重要性。故选G。
5.【答案】 E
【解析】 本段首句提到给鸟提供舒适和安全的环境,这意味着需要采取一些措施来确保鸟感到安全和舒适。E项建议通过模仿鸟的叫声来回应,是一种提供安全感的方式。故选E。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo,once struggling to sustain its 1.      (survive),has undergone a remarkable turnaround.It has become a popular destination 2.     visitors can glimpse diverse animals and appreciate the beauty and significance of life.
The man behind 3.     U-turn is Shen Zhijun,an animal welfare advocate.In 2023,Shen took to the Internet 4.     (publicise) his decade-long reform efforts—a comprehensive campaign transforming the conventional zoo into a conservation-focused sanctuary (保护区).During his 30-minute speech 5.     (title) A Zoo’s Pursuit,Shen showcased the successful changes that he had performed.
After witnessing the helpless and hopeless expressions of the animals,Shen’s team set about making changes.6.     (initial),they removed animal shows,which traditionally serve as the financial backbone of zoos.Subsequently,they transformed the park’s landscape,
cleverly using the 7.     (exist) mountainous terrain of Hongshan to reproduce the natural habitats of animals in the wild.Plus,they introduced “multi-level villas” where animals belonging to the same ecological zone but not occupying the base of the food chain can 8.     (house) together,based on their ecological and geographical distribution.
This zoo has emerged 9.     the most animal-friendly zoo in China.Striking a balance between respecting animals’ dignity and providing 10.      (visit) with enjoyable experiences is a challenging task,but Shen’s team has successfully achieved it.
[语篇导读] 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了南京红山森林动物园在动物福利倡导者沈志军的推动下,实现从经营困难到转变为注重动物保护和生态环境建设的成功案例。
1.【答案】 survival
【解析】 考查名词。设空处前面有its,且作sustain的宾语,应用名词survival,意为“生存”。故填survival。
2.【答案】 where
【解析】 考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是destination,关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
3.【答案】 the
【解析】 考查冠词。根据上下文可知,此处指代前文提到的“turnaround”,应用定冠词特指这次具体的转变。故填the。
4.【答案】 to publicise
【解析】 考查动词不定式。本句谓语动词为took,空处应为非谓语动词,结合句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to publicise。
5.【答案】 titled
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为showcased,空处应为非谓语动词,且speech与title(命名)之间构成被动关系,应用过去分词形式作定语,修饰speech。故填titled。
6.【答案】 Initially
【解析】 考查副词。空处修饰整个句子,应用副词initially作状语,意为“最初”,空处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Initially。
7.【答案】 existing
【解析】 考查形容词。空处修饰名词terrain,应用形容词existing作定语,意为“现存的”。故填existing。
8.【答案】 be housed
【解析】 考查动词的语态。在where引导的定语从句中,can      (house)为谓语动词,animals与house(安置,容纳)之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态,情态动词can后应接动词原形。故填be housed。
9.【答案】 as
【解析】 考查介词。固定短语emerge as意为“成为”。故填as。
10.【答案】 visitors
【解析】 考查名词复数。结合句意可知,此处是指“游客”,应用其名词的复数形式。故填visitors。
(

2

)(共50张PPT)
Unit 6 Nurturing nature
题组训练
(限时35分钟 总分47.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
James Rainey reads trees like most people read signposts.The senior ecologist is using a small hand camera to identify a lichen (地衣) that is surrounding the base of wild pines (松树) in a deep narrow valley on the west coast of Scotland.He is looking for ecological clues of species associated with the ancient Caledonian Forest,which once covered most of the highlands.
Wild pines have been growing in Scotland continuously since the ice age,offering a globally unique ecosystem supporting rare wildlife.But now less than 2% of the original growth survives,with just less than 20 individual Caledonian pinewood sites now officially recognised.“To meet the demand for more wood,many wild pines in highlands have been removed to make room for commercial forestry,” says Rainey.“This was often done in ancient woodlands and was really damaging to the remaining trees.”
But restoration is still possible,especially since some old trees still survive along with the ancient woodland soil and seed bank—seeds stored in the soil,which can grow once the heavy shade of commercial conifers (针叶树) is removed.
The ecological investigator uses three clues of evidence to discover where these pinewoods first stood.“First there’s the historical evidence,like old maps and texts.Then comes the landscape context:Is the pine associated with planting around a big house,or is the setting more natural And finally I use the ecological evidence:Wild pines usually grow alongside old birch trees
(桦树),which indicates ecological continuity,” explains Rainey.
Rainey has identified 23 pines in this area,all rooted in places least accessible.Their needles have been taken for genetic testing to confirm their family trees.“This would have been filled with trees but is now empty—these are the most critical areas in need of regeneration and we want the whole of the ancient woodlands to recover,not just the pines,” he said.
[语篇导读]本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了生态学家James Rainey致力于寻找和保护野生松树,希望让古老的林地得到恢复的事情。
(  )1.Why are the wild pines considered to be so significant
[A] They act as a signpost for the highlands.
[B] They are an indicator of an ancient forest.
[C] They are an alternative to commercial forestry.
[D] They provide a shelter for certain species of lichen.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段及第二段中的“To meet the demand for more wood...damaging to the remaining trees.”可知,野生松树被看得如此重要是因为它们是古老森林的标志。故选B。
(  )2.What is essential for the restoration of ancient pinewoods
[A] The existence of ancient seeds.
[B] The presence of commercial conifers.
[C] The awareness of the forest protection.
[D] The application of the advanced technology.
A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知,古松林恢复的关键是古老种子的存在。故选A。
(  )3.How does Rainey determine the original location of the pinewoods
[A] By locating big houses.
[B] By consulting historians.
[C] By referring to digital maps.
[D] By making the most of surroundings.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容可知,Rainey是通过充分利用周围环境来确定松林的原始位置的。故选D。
(  )4.What is Rainey’s ultimate goal
[A] To confirm the genes of the pines.
[B] To restore the old-growth woodlands.
[C] To explore the unfrequented places.
[D] To enrich the diversity of the wild pines.
B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知,Rainey的最终目标是恢复古老的林地。故选B。
B
A new form of real estate is popping up along the beaches of South Africa,which are just big enough to fit a family of African penguins.Their unique selling point:a safe and cool place for penguins to breed (繁殖).
Historically,the penguins dug holes in layers of guano (鸟粪),but in the 19th century,traders started selling guano as fertiliser,leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to predators (捕食者) and the burning sun.This has caused African penguin populations to decrease.That’s why conservationists have come to the rescue with the African Penguin Nest Project (APNP),which aims to employ artificial nests to provide penguin parents a safe and shaded place to raise their chicks.
While guano trade petered out by the late 1800s,recreating the layers that accumulated over thousands of years isn’t an option,because seabird populations have declined so much over time and it would take around 600 years to produce one usable guano layer.Hence,the project decided to build artificial nests.At first glance,they look fairly simple—a domed structure made from two molded shells of fabric coated in ceramic slurry (陶瓷浆料),
with a small entrance measuring about 20 centimetres wide.
Getting the right temperature and dampness inside the nest was the toughest and most crucial part.The two-layer design and ventilation holes
(通风孔) create an air conditioning effect,while the white paint reflects the sun,helping to maintain an interior temperature of less than 35 degrees Celsius.
The project started to use the nests in late 2018.“Within a matter of minutes,penguins were running into them,” says Graham,coordinator of APNP.“That tells you how desperate they are for any opportunity to find a safe place to nest.However,population recovery relies on more than merely giving African penguins a safe place to breed.It’s not simply a case of ‘we give them a nest,the species are saved’.There has to be more.”
[语篇导读]本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了在南非海滩上为非洲企鹅建立的人工巢穴项目,旨在通过科普的方式阐述该项目的背景、人工巢穴的设计特点及其对保护企鹅的意义。
(  )5.What do we know about artificial nests
[A] They function better than natural nests.
[B] They are designed and built scientifically.
[C] They are unique attractions of South Africa.
[D] They are equipped with mini air conditioners.
B
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知,这些人工巢穴是经过科学设计和建造的。故选B。
(  )6.What is the goal of APNP
[A] To raise money to preserve penguins.
[B] To promote the sale of artificial nests.
[C] To help penguins fight against diseases.
[D] To provide habitable shelters for penguins.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知,APNP的目标是为企鹅提供可居住的庇护所。故选D。
(  )7.What does the underlined phrase “petered out” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
[A] Turned up.
[B] Dried out.
[C] Faded away.
[D] Fell apart.
C
【解析】猜测短语题。根据第三段中的“recreating the layers that accumulated...produce one usable guano layer”可知,重新创造历史上积累了几千年的鸟粪层是不可能的,因为这需要大约600年的时间才能产生一层可用的鸟粪层。因此画线短语所在句应是说“尽管鸟粪贸易在19世纪后期逐渐消失”,peter out意为“逐渐减少/消失”。故选C。
(  )8.Which of the following statements might Graham agree with
[A] Penguins breed more chicks in safer places.
[B] Various conservation efforts need to be combined.
[C] Artificial nests have achieved the desired effect.
[D] Artificial nests should be applied to other species.
B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,Graham认为仅仅为非洲企鹅提供安全的繁殖地并不足以恢复其种群数量,还需要更多的保护措施。因此,Graham可能会同意的观点是:各种保护措施需要结合在一起。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
(2024-2025学年浙江强基联盟10月高三联考)
How to Keep a Pet Bird Quiet
Birds can be excellent companions,but they can also make a lot of noise.Sometimes that noise is unavoidable,but there are a few steps you can take to train your bird out of loud or continuous squawking (尖叫).
1.    Most birds tend to make some noise,either by singing or squawking.Birds tend to be most vocal during waking hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening.Some birds are more likely to make noise than others,but understand before bringing a bird home that some noise will be unavoidable.
A
Teach your bird to speak softly.Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers,instead of squawking or yelling.2.    It’s often easier to teach them soft-spoken words compared to other types of sounds.
Furthermore,it’s important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird.3.    Because this could strengthen the behaviour you are trying to discourage.
C
F
Avoid quick movements.It’s possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird,causing him to feel anxious or over-stimulated.4.    If you have children living at home,teach them not to run through the room your bird is in.
G
Provide your bird with comfort and security.Birds in the wild participate in “flock calls” as a way of communicating with other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock.If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room,it could be his attempt at sending you a flock call.5.  
E
A.Understand bird behaviour.
B.Train your bird to be quiet.
C.This may be especially useful for parrots.
D.Give him a treat for quietness to earn your love.
E.Try squawking back to let him know that you’re safe.
F.Do not raise your voice in response to your bird’s volume or tone.
G.Move slowly around your bird,and encourage others to do the same.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些训练鸟不要大声或持续地尖叫的方法。
1.【解析】 此段讨论了鸟类在早晨醒来和晚上睡前倾向于发出更多的声音。因此,A项符合题意,因为它强调了理解鸟类行为的重要性,这是保持宠物鸟安静的第一步。故选A。
2.【解析】 此段建议教你的鸟轻声说话,并在它轻声鸣叫或低语时表扬它。根据设空处前一句以及空后的“easier to teach them”可知,C项符合题意,指以上这种的训练可能特别适用于鹦鹉。故选C。
3.【解析】 根据设空处前一句与设空处后一句可知,与你的鸟互动时保持平静和温和的语气很重要,否则可能会加强你试图抑制的行为(鸟的吵闹)。F项符合上下文语境。故选F。
4.【解析】 此段建议避免快速移动,因为这可能会让你的鸟感到焦虑或受到过度刺激。G项符合语境,因为它强调了在鸟周围缓慢移动的重要性。故选G。
5.【解析】 本段首句提到给鸟提供舒适和安全的环境,这意味着需要采取一些措施来确保鸟感到安全和舒适。E项建议通过模仿鸟的叫声来回应,是一种提供安全感的方式。故选E。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
The Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo,once struggling to sustain its
1.     (survive),has undergone a remarkable turnaround.It has become a popular destination 2.     visitors can glimpse diverse animals and appreciate the beauty and significance of life.
survival
where
The man behind 3.     U-turn is Shen Zhijun,an animal welfare advocate.In 2023,Shen took to the Internet 4.      (publicise) his decade-long reform efforts—a comprehensive campaign transforming the conventional zoo into a conservation-focused sanctuary (保护区).During his 30-minute speech 5.     (title) A Zoo’s Pursuit,Shen showcased the successful changes that he had performed.
the
to publicise
titled
After witnessing the helpless and hopeless expressions of the animals,
Shen’s team set about making changes.6.     (initial),they removed animal shows,which traditionally serve as the financial backbone of zoos.
Subsequently,they transformed the park’s landscape,cleverly using the
7.     (exist) mountainous terrain of Hongshan to reproduce the natural habitats of animals in the wild.Plus,they introduced “multi-level villas” where animals belonging to the same ecological zone but not occupying the base of the food chain can 8.      (house) together,based on their ecological and geographical distribution.
Initially
existing
be housed
This zoo has emerged 9.     the most animal-friendly zoo in China.Striking a balance between respecting animals’ dignity and providing 10.     (visit) with enjoyable experiences is a challenging task,but Shen’s team has successfully achieved it.
as
【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了南京红山森林动物园在动物福利倡导者沈志军的推动下,实现从经营困难到转变为注重动物保护和生态环境建设的成功案例。
visitors
1.【解析】考查名词。设空处前面有its,且作sustain的宾语,应用名词survival,意为“生存”。故填survival。
2.【解析】 考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是destination,关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
3.【解析】考查冠词。根据上下文可知,此处指代前文提到的“turnaround”,应用定冠词特指这次具体的转变。故填the。
4.【解析】 考查动词不定式。本句谓语动词为took,空处应为非谓语动词,结合句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to publicise。
5.【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为showcased,空处应为非谓语动词,且speech与title(命名)之间构成被动关系,应用过去分词形式作定语,修饰speech。故填titled。
6.【解析】 考查副词。空处修饰整个句子,应用副词initially作状语,意为“最初”,空处位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Initially。
7.【解析】考查形容词。空处修饰名词terrain,应用形容词existing作定语,意为“现存的”。故填existing。
8.【解析】 考查动词的语态。在where引导的定语从句中,can     (house)
为谓语动词,animals与house(安置,容纳)之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态,情态动词can后应接动词原形。故填be housed。
9.【解析】考查介词。固定短语emerge as意为“成为”。故填as。
10.【解析】 考查名词复数。结合句意可知,此处是指“游客”,应用其名词的复数形式。故填visitors。
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