Unit 3 Times change!
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
A geographic magazine has conducted a survey of 3,500 people regarding travel styles and expectations of future vacations.The results showed an increased preference for slow and immersive (沉浸式的) trips that are sustainable and encourage rich connections with places and cultures.
The growing concept of “slow travel” keeps pace with the popular Slow Food Movement.Rather than focusing on the schedule of a particular journey,slow travel advocates a change in the state of mind that brings emotional,cultural,and even physical benefits.
Choosing a homestay in place of a hotel,exploring the history of an unfamiliar neighbourhood and travelling into the wilderness (荒野) are all examples of slow travel.Adding nature seems to boost the benefits even more.
A study from Stanford University has found that spending time in nature can reduce negative thought patterns,stress and depression.While this fact might ring true,not everyone is comfortable carrying a backpack and heading for the hills.Pack trips,however,make it easy.
The history of pack trips in the United States can date from the early 19th century,when explorers advanced west into the unexplored territory of the Rocky Mountains.Small strings of horses were employed to help lessen the burden of carrying heavy equipment and supplies across great distances.
Nowadays,pack trips continue to offer a travel experience that nods to the past,but instead of supporting adventures into unexplored country,they provide camping adventures in remote mountain locations with comfortable tents,solar showers and delicious meals along with four-legged transportation.
Days are spent exploring the beautiful landscapes,fishing in mountain lakes and watching wild animals.In the evening,dinner is cooked over campfires as the Milky Way prepares for an excellent nighttime show.In a world where the pace of daily life is ever faster and our interactions are increasingly virtual,pack trips offer a chance to slow down and reconnect with family,friends and nature.
( )1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
[A] Why people travel into the wilderness.
[B] The concept of slow movement.
[C] Why people choose to be slow.
[D] The meaning of slow travel.
( )2.What has the study from Stanford University mainly found out
[A] Being in nature makes us happier.
[B] Preference for slow travel is on the rise.
[C] Pack trips are suitable for modern people.
[D] Negative thoughts do harm to people’s well-being.
( )3.Why did American people of the early 19th century take pack trips
[A] To seek advanced cultures.
[B] To explore the unknown areas.
[C] To find peace in the wilderness.
[D] To appreciate the Rocky Mountains.
( )4.How do modern people take pack trips
[A] On foot.
[B] By private car.
[C] On horseback.
[D] Through homestay.
B
Feeling a hug from each other via the Internet may be a possibility in the near future.A research team led by City University of Hong Kong developed a wireless,soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch,and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction.It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication.
While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate (模拟) the sense of touch in the virtual world,they provide only touch sensing or touch response.The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch-reproducing functions on the same interface.
The e-skin is a 7 cm×10 cm,4.2 mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators (驱动器),a microcontroller unit,a Bluetooth module,and other electronics on a flexible circuit board.The actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin. Once the actuator is pressed and released by a force,a current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter (转换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth.When the signals are received,a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibrations (振动).The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.
The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the Internet with smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch,and to form a touch Internet of Things (IoT) system,where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be realised.Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other.This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication.
Next,the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability,who could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages.
( )5.What is the unique feature of the e-skin
[A] It provides hugs for users.
[B] It builds a social network.
[C] It provides touch sensing and copying.
[D] It monitors the process of self-sensing.
( )6.What does the underlined word “reversed” in Paragraph 3 mean
[A] Started. [B] Disturbed.
[C] Completed. [D] Exchanged.
( )7.What can we learn about e-skin
[A] It strengthens bonds across distance.
[B] Its converter vibrates when working.
[C] It sends electrical signals to receivers.
[D] Its system delivers touch with phones.
( )8.What would be the best title of the text
[A] A Signal-sending Application
[B] An Invention for the Disabled
[C] A Device for Virtual Interaction
[D] A Long-distance Communication
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Happy,angry,amazed—these are some of the emotions we like to express these days when we’re sending a message on our phones! That’s why many of us now add little pictures to our texts to brighten up someone’s mobile screen and we’re also using them as a quick way of telling someone how we’re feeling.1.
Emojis came from Japan in the late 1990s,as a non-verbal expression of emotion,which was a substitute for facial expression in face-to-face communication.It was once believed that emojis were just decorative,additional and unnecessary.After being introduced into the Unicode Standard in 2010,emojis have become popular and attracted the attention of many scholars.2. They show that there are four main motivations: information transmission,conversation strategies,entertainment and efficiency.
Different styles of emojis can affect the circumstances under which they appear,which provides an angle for analysing the usages and functions of different emojis.It has been found that the emojis usually occur before or after a complete statement or question,and rarely appear in the middle of a sentence.3.
Researchers have found that when netizens communicate with casual acquaintances,the diversity and the preference of using emojis to express information are significantly lower than that of family members,close friends,classmates and colleagues.4. In contrast to it,the usage of emojis will be limited when they’re communicating with people who are more distant from each other.
5. People have not reached a common understanding of the same emoji;even there are significant differences.In task-based communication,people may prefer to use notional words to convey information clearly so as to avoid communication difficulties caused by different interpretations of emojis.
A.The emoji has its internal ambiguity of expression.
B.Emojis have become a vital tool for communication.
C.Emojis are named as the world’s fastest growing language.
D.There are many questionnaires about the reasons to use emojis.
E.People can choose more emojis when facing close relationships.
F.People also use them to show their enthusiasm and encouragement.
G.Besides,it is common to repeat emojis to express the intensity of emotions.
1.keep pace with 与……齐头并进(或并驾齐驱);与……步调一致
2.rather than 而不是;而不
3.focus on 专注于;关注;聚焦于
4.in place of 代替,取代
5.communicate with 与……交流/沟通
6.a substitute for ……的替代品
7.in contrast (to) (与……)形成对比;相比之下
1.prefer doing/to do sth 更喜欢做某事
2.pop up 突然出现;冒出来
3.pave the way 铺平道路;创造条件
4.have a great influence on 对……有重大影响
5.with the development of 随着……的发展
6.have advantages over 比……更有优势,优于……
7.have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事
1. (3分)随着与先进的技术齐头并进,如今,互联网使交流如此便捷,以至于无论你在哪里或你在做什么,你都可以和朋友保持联系。(非谓语动词作状语;so...that...结构;让步状语从句)
2. (3分)随着科学技术的发展铺平了道路,越来越多的科学发明被创造出来,给我们的日常生活带来了极大的便利,其中之一就是空调。(with复合结构;非谓语动词作状语;非限制性定语从句)
3. (3分)越来越多的人倾向于使用空调,因为空调明显比电风扇更有优势,这使得电风扇在不久的将来完全消失成为可能。(as引导原因状语从句;非谓语动词作状语)
(15分)请以“The Electric Fan: a Thing of the Past”为题写一篇关于夏季降温方式变化的短文。过去人们用电风扇给房间降温,但是风扇不能给整个房间降温,而且只能放在地上或桌子上,占据空间;相比之下,空调不仅可以设定温度,给整个房间降温,还可以挂在墙上,省空间。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
Unit 3 Times change!
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
A geographic magazine has conducted a survey of 3,500 people regarding travel styles and expectations of future vacations.The results showed an increased preference for slow and immersive (沉浸式的) trips that are sustainable and encourage rich connections with places and cultures.
The growing concept of “slow travel” keeps pace with the popular Slow Food Movement.Rather than focusing on the schedule of a particular journey,slow travel advocates a change in the state of mind that brings emotional,cultural,and even physical benefits.
Choosing a homestay in place of a hotel,exploring the history of an unfamiliar neighbourhood and travelling into the wilderness (荒野) are all examples of slow travel.Adding nature seems to boost the benefits even more.
A study from Stanford University has found that spending time in nature can reduce negative thought patterns,stress and depression.While this fact might ring true,not everyone is comfortable carrying a backpack and heading for the hills.Pack trips,however,make it easy.
The history of pack trips in the United States can date from the early 19th century,when explorers advanced west into the unexplored territory of the Rocky Mountains.Small strings of horses were employed to help lessen the burden of carrying heavy equipment and supplies across great distances.
Nowadays,pack trips continue to offer a travel experience that nods to the past,but instead of supporting adventures into unexplored country,they provide camping adventures in remote mountain locations with comfortable tents,solar showers and delicious meals along with four-legged transportation.
Days are spent exploring the beautiful landscapes,fishing in mountain lakes and watching wild animals.In the evening,dinner is cooked over campfires as the Milky Way prepares for an excellent nighttime show.In a world where the pace of daily life is ever faster and our interactions are increasingly virtual,pack trips offer a chance to slow down and reconnect with family,friends and nature.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了“慢旅行”这一概念已经被越来越多的人认可。
( )1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
[A] Why people travel into the wilderness.
[B] The concept of slow movement.
[C] Why people choose to be slow.
[D] The meaning of slow travel.
【答案】 D
【解析】 段落大意题。第二段的第一句引出“慢旅行”这一概念,第二句介绍了慢旅行提倡什么,第三句对慢旅行的方式进行了举例介绍。综上可知,本段主要介绍了慢旅行的含义。故选D。
( )2.What has the study from Stanford University mainly found out
[A] Being in nature makes us happier.
[B] Preference for slow travel is on the rise.
[C] Pack trips are suitable for modern people.
[D] Negative thoughts do harm to people’s well-being.
【答案】 A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句可知,斯坦福大学的这项研究发现花时间在大自然中能够减少消极的思维模式、压力和抑郁。由此可推知,该研究发现身处大自然能让我们更快乐。故选A。
( )3.Why did American people of the early 19th century take pack trips
[A] To seek advanced cultures.
[B] To explore the unknown areas.
[C] To find peace in the wilderness.
[D] To appreciate the Rocky Mountains.
【答案】 B
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知,在19世纪早期,探险者进行背包旅行主要是为了探索西部,勘查未知的地区。故选B。
( )4.How do modern people take pack trips
[A] On foot.
[B] By private car.
[C] On horseback.
[D] Through homestay.
【答案】 C
【解析】 推理判断题。倒数第二段介绍了现代人进行背包旅行的情况:现代的背包旅行仍然能给人们一种和过去的背包旅行一样的体验,只是人们不再去未知的地区探险,而是使用舒适的装备进行野营。根据该段末尾的“along with four-legged transportation”可知,现代人进行背包旅行时仍然使用四条腿的交通工具,即第四段第二句中提到的“horses”。故选C。
B
Feeling a hug from each other via the Internet may be a possibility in the near future.A research team led by City University of Hong Kong developed a wireless,soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch,and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction.It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication.
While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate (模拟) the sense of touch in the virtual world,they provide only touch sensing or touch response.The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch-reproducing functions on the same interface.
The e-skin is a 7 cm×10 cm,4.2 mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators (驱动器),a microcontroller unit,a Bluetooth module,and other electronics on a flexible circuit board.The actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin. Once the actuator is pressed and released by a force,a current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter (转换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth.When the signals are received,a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibrations (振动).The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.
The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the Internet with smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch,and to form a touch Internet of Things (IoT) system,where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be realised.Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other.This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication.
Next,the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability,who could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤。
( )5.What is the unique feature of the e-skin
[A] It provides hugs for users.
[B] It builds a social network.
[C] It provides touch sensing and copying.
[D] It monitors the process of self-sensing.
【答案】 C
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,这种电子皮肤的独特之处是提供并复制触感。故选C。
( )6.What does the underlined word “reversed” in Paragraph 3 mean
[A] Started. [B] Disturbed.
[C] Completed. [D] Exchanged.
【答案】 D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词上下文语境可知,接收器可以接收信号并模拟触觉,也可以将接收者的电子皮肤产生的震动发送给信号发出者的制动器。由此可知,这个过程是可以互换的。由此可推知,画线词“reversed”意为“互换”,与exchanged同义。故选D。
( )7.What can we learn about e-skin
[A] It strengthens bonds across distance.
[B] Its converter vibrates when working.
[C] It sends electrical signals to receivers.
[D] Its system delivers touch with phones.
【答案】 A
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第四段的最后两句可知,这种电子皮肤减少了人们交流中的距离感,即它可以加强远距离的联系。故选A。
( )8.What would be the best title of the text
[A] A Signal-sending Application
[B] An Invention for the Disabled
[C] A Device for Virtual Interaction
[D] A Long-distance Communication
【答案】 C
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤,它通过提供和传递触感减少人们交流中的距离感。因此C项最适合作本文的标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Happy,angry,amazed—these are some of the emotions we like to express these days when we’re sending a message on our phones! That’s why many of us now add little pictures to our texts to brighten up someone’s mobile screen and we’re also using them as a quick way of telling someone how we’re feeling.1.
Emojis came from Japan in the late 1990s,as a non-verbal expression of emotion,which was a substitute for facial expression in face-to-face communication.It was once believed that emojis were just decorative,additional and unnecessary.After being introduced into the Unicode Standard in 2010,emojis have become popular and attracted the attention of many scholars.2. They show that there are four main motivations: information transmission,conversation strategies,entertainment and efficiency.
Different styles of emojis can affect the circumstances under which they appear,which provides an angle for analysing the usages and functions of different emojis.It has been found that the emojis usually occur before or after a complete statement or question,and rarely appear in the middle of a sentence.3.
Researchers have found that when netizens communicate with casual acquaintances,the diversity and the preference of using emojis to express information are significantly lower than that of family members,close friends,classmates and colleagues.4. In contrast to it,the usage of emojis will be limited when they’re communicating with people who are more distant from each other.
5. People have not reached a common understanding of the same emoji;even there are significant differences.In task-based communication,people may prefer to use notional words to convey information clearly so as to avoid communication difficulties caused by different interpretations of emojis.
A.The emoji has its internal ambiguity of expression.
B.Emojis have become a vital tool for communication.
C.Emojis are named as the world’s fastest growing language.
D.There are many questionnaires about the reasons to use emojis.
E.People can choose more emojis when facing close relationships.
F.People also use them to show their enthusiasm and encouragement.
G.Besides,it is common to repeat emojis to express the intensity of emotions.
[语篇导读] 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了表情符号的相关情况。
1.【答案】 B
【解析】 上文“That’s why many of us...how we’re feeling.”提到表情符号是一种交流方式,第二段中的“After being introduced into...of many scholars.”表明表情符号大受欢迎。由此可知,B项承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
2.【答案】 D
【解析】 下文“They show that...entertainment and efficiency.”谈及人们使用表情符号的四个主要动机。D项提到关于使用表情符号的原因的调查问卷,引出下文,符合语境。故选D。
3.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据上文“Different styles of emojis...and functions of different emojis.”可知,不同风格的表情符号会影响它们出现的环境,这有利于分析不同表情符号的“用法”和“功能”,且上文“It has been found that...of a sentence.”提到研究发现的表情符号的用法——通常出现在完整的陈述句或疑问句之前或之后,设空处应进一步讲研究发现的有关表情符号的使用功能的内容,G项符合语境。故选G。
4.【答案】 E
【解析】 “下文In contrast to it...from each other.”提到相比之下,当与彼此距离较远的人交流时,表情符号的使用会受到限制。E项与下文形成对比关系,表明人们的关系越亲密,表情符号使用越多。故选E。
5.【答案】 A
【解析】 下文指出人们对同一个表情符号的理解尚未达成共识,甚至存在显著差异。在基于任务的交流中,人们可能更喜欢使用概念性词语来清晰地传达信息,以避免对表情符号的不同理解造成的交流困难。A项与下文形成因果关系,符合语境。故选A。
1.keep pace with 与……齐头并进(或并驾齐驱);与……步调一致
2.rather than 而不是;而不
3.focus on 专注于;关注;聚焦于
4.in place of 代替,取代
5.communicate with 与……交流/沟通
6.a substitute for ……的替代品
7.in contrast (to) (与……)形成对比;相比之下
1.prefer doing/to do sth 更喜欢做某事
2.pop up 突然出现;冒出来
3.pave the way 铺平道路;创造条件
4.have a great influence on 对……有重大影响
5.with the development of 随着……的发展
6.have advantages over 比……更有优势,优于……
7.have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事
1. (3分)随着与先进的技术齐头并进,如今,互联网使交流如此便捷,以至于无论你在哪里或你在做什么,你都可以和朋友保持联系。(非谓语动词作状语;so...that...结构;让步状语从句)
Keeping pace with advanced technology,nowadays,the Internet makes communication so convenient that you can keep in touch with your friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.
2. (3分)随着科学技术的发展铺平了道路,越来越多的科学发明被创造出来,给我们的日常生活带来了极大的便利,其中之一就是空调。(with复合结构;非谓语动词作状语;非限制性定语从句)
With the development of science and technology paving the way,more and more scientific inventions have been created,bringing great convenience to our daily life,one of which is the air conditioner.
3. (3分)越来越多的人倾向于使用空调,因为空调明显比电风扇更有优势,这使得电风扇在不久的将来完全消失成为可能。(as引导原因状语从句;非谓语动词作状语)
More and more people have a tendency to use air conditioners,as air conditioners have clear advantages over electric fans,making it possible for electric fans to completely disappear in the near future.
(15分)请以“The Electric Fan: a Thing of the Past”为题写一篇关于夏季降温方式变化的短文。过去人们用电风扇给房间降温,但是风扇不能给整个房间降温,而且只能放在地上或桌子上,占据空间;相比之下,空调不仅可以设定温度,给整个房间降温,还可以挂在墙上,省空间。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
One possible version:
The Electric Fan: a Thing of the Past
More and more people have a tendency to use air conditioners, as air conditioners have clear advantages over electric fans, making it possible for electric fans to completely disappear in the near future.
Firstly,the reason why electric fans are far less effective in cooling a room is that they do not lower the overall temperature.Not only do air conditioners achieve this,but their settings can be adjusted so that they can reach a specific ideal temperature.As a consequence,the room is more comfortable to live in.
Secondly,electric fans are usually placed on either the floor or a table and take up much room;in contrast,air conditioners can be fixed on walls.I wonder if you intend to throw away your electric fan.
点津:为as引导的原因状语从句;
为现在分词短语作结果状语;
为why引导的定语从句以及that引导的表语从句;
为so that引导的目的状语从句。
(
第
9
页
)(共52张PPT)
Unit 3 Times change!
以读促写
(限时40分钟 总分56.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共20分)
A
A geographic magazine has conducted a survey of 3,500 people regarding travel styles and expectations of future vacations.The results showed an increased preference for slow and immersive (沉浸式的) trips that are sustainable and encourage rich connections with places and cultures.
STEP1
语篇训练
The growing concept of “slow travel” keeps pace with the popular Slow Food Movement.Rather than focusing on the schedule of a particular journey,slow travel advocates a change in the state of mind that brings emotional,cultural,and even physical benefits.Choosing a homestay in place of a hotel,exploring the history of an unfamiliar neighbourhood and travelling into the wilderness (荒野) are all examples of slow travel.Adding nature seems to boost the benefits even more.
A study from Stanford University has found that spending time in nature can reduce negative thought patterns,stress and depression.While this fact might ring true,not everyone is comfortable carrying a backpack and heading for the hills.Pack trips,however,make it easy.
The history of pack trips in the United States can date from the early 19th century,when explorers advanced west into the unexplored territory of the Rocky Mountains.Small strings of horses were employed to help lessen the burden of carrying heavy equipment and supplies across great distances.
Nowadays,pack trips continue to offer a travel experience that nods to the past,but instead of supporting adventures into unexplored country,they provide camping adventures in remote mountain locations with comfortable tents,solar showers and delicious meals along with four-legged transportation.
Days are spent exploring the beautiful landscapes,fishing in mountain lakes and watching wild animals.In the evening,dinner is cooked over campfires as the Milky Way prepares for an excellent nighttime show.In a world where the pace of daily life is ever faster and our interactions are increasingly virtual,pack trips offer a chance to slow down and reconnect with family,friends and nature.
[语篇导读]本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了“慢旅行”这一概念已经被越来越多的人认可。
( )1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about
[A] Why people travel into the wilderness.
[B] The concept of slow movement.
[C] Why people choose to be slow.
[D] The meaning of slow travel.
D
【解析】段落大意题。第二段的第一句引出“慢旅行”这一概念,第二句介绍了慢旅行提倡什么,第三句对慢旅行的方式进行了举例介绍。综上可知,本段主要介绍了慢旅行的含义。故选D。
( )2.What has the study from Stanford University mainly found out
[A] Being in nature makes us happier.
[B] Preference for slow travel is on the rise.
[C] Pack trips are suitable for modern people.
[D] Negative thoughts do harm to people’s well-being.
A
【解析】 推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句可知,斯坦福大学的这项研究发现花时间在大自然中能够减少消极的思维模式、压力和抑郁。由此可推知,该研究发现身处大自然能让我们更快乐。故选A。
( )3.Why did American people of the early 19th century take pack trips
[A] To seek advanced cultures.
[B] To explore the unknown areas.
[C] To find peace in the wilderness.
[D] To appreciate the Rocky Mountains.
B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句可知,在19世纪早期,探险者进行背包旅行主要是为了探索西部,勘查未知的地区。故选B。
( )4.How do modern people take pack trips
[A] On foot.
[B] By private car.
[C] On horseback.
[D] Through homestay.
C
【解析】 推理判断题。倒数第二段介绍了现代人进行背包旅行的情况:现代的背包旅行仍然能给人们一种和过去的背包旅行一样的体验,只是人们不再去未知的地区探险,而是使用舒适的装备进行野营。根据该段末尾的“along with four-legged transportation”可知,现代人进行背包旅行时仍然使用四条腿的交通工具,即第四段第二句中提到的“horses”。故选C。
B
Feeling a hug from each other via the Internet may be a possibility in the near future.A research team led by City University of Hong Kong developed a wireless,soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch,and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction.It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication.
While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate (模拟) the sense of touch in the virtual world,they provide only touch sensing or touch response.The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch-reproducing functions on the same interface.
The e-skin is a 7 cm×10 cm,4.2 mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators (驱动器),a microcontroller unit,a Bluetooth module,and other electronics on a flexible circuit board.The actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin. Once the actuator is pressed and released by a force,a current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter (转换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth.When the signals are received,a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibrations (振动).The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.
The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the Internet with smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch,and to form a touch Internet of Things (IoT) system,
where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be realised.
Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other.This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication.
Next,the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability,who could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages.
[语篇导读]本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤。
( )5.What is the unique feature of the e-skin
[A] It provides hugs for users.
[B] It builds a social network.
[C] It provides touch sensing and copying.
[D] It monitors the process of self-sensing.
C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句可知,这种电子皮肤的独特之处是提供并复制触感。故选C。
( )6.What does the underlined word “reversed” in Paragraph 3 mean
[A] Started.
[B] Disturbed.
[C] Completed.
[D] Exchanged.
D
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词上下文语境可知,接收器可以接收信号并模拟触觉,也可以将接收者的电子皮肤产生的震动发送给信号发出者的制动器。由此可知,这个过程是可以互换的。由此可推知,画线词“reversed”意为“互换”,与exchanged同义。故选D。
( )7.What can we learn about e-skin
[A] It strengthens bonds across distance.
[B] Its converter vibrates when working.
[C] It sends electrical signals to receivers.
[D] Its system delivers touch with phones.
A
【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的最后两句可知,这种电子皮肤减少了人们交流中的距离感,即它可以加强远距离的联系。故选A。
( )8.What would be the best title of the text
[A] A Signal-sending Application
[B] An Invention for the Disabled
[C] A Device for Virtual Interaction
[D] A Long-distance Communication
C
【解析】 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤,它通过提供和传递触感减少人们交流中的距离感。因此C项最适合作本文的标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Happy,angry,amazed—these are some of the emotions we like to express these days when we’re sending a message on our phones! That’s why many of us now add little pictures to our texts to brighten up someone’s mobile screen and we’re also using them as a quick way of telling someone how we’re feeling.1.
B
Emojis came from Japan in the late 1990s,as a non-verbal expression of emotion,which was a substitute for facial expression in face-to-face communication.It was once believed that emojis were just decorative,
additional and unnecessary.After being introduced into the Unicode Standard in 2010,emojis have become popular and attracted the attention of many scholars.2. They show that there are four main motivations: information transmission,conversation strategies,entertainment and efficiency.
D
Different styles of emojis can affect the circumstances under which they appear,which provides an angle for analysing the usages and functions of different emojis.It has been found that the emojis usually occur before or after a complete statement or question,and rarely appear in the middle of a sentence.3.
G
Researchers have found that when netizens communicate with casual acquaintances,the diversity and the preference of using emojis to express information are significantly lower than that of family members,close friends,classmates and colleagues.4. In contrast to it,the usage of emojis will be limited when they’re communicating with people who are more distant from each other.
E
5. People have not reached a common understanding of the same emoji;even there are significant differences.In task-based communication,
people may prefer to use notional words to convey information clearly so as
to avoid communication difficulties caused by different interpretations of emojis.
A
A.The emoji has its internal ambiguity of expression.
B.Emojis have become a vital tool for communication.
C.Emojis are named as the world’s fastest growing language.
D.There are many questionnaires about the reasons to use emojis.
E.People can choose more emojis when facing close relationships.
F.People also use them to show their enthusiasm and encouragement.
G.Besides,it is common to repeat emojis to express the intensity of emotions.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了表情符号的相关情况。
1.【解析】 上文“That’s why many of us...how we’re feeling.”提到表情符号是一种交流方式,第二段中的“After being introduced into...of many scholars.”表明表情符号大受欢迎。由此可知,B项承上启下,符合语境。故选B。
2.【解析】 下文“They show that...entertainment and efficiency.”谈及人们使用表情符号的四个主要动机。D项提到关于使用表情符号的原因的调查问卷,引出下文,符合语境。故选D。
3.【解析】 根据上文“Different styles of emojis...and functions of different emojis.”可知,不同风格的表情符号会影响它们出现的环境,这有利于分析不同表情符号的“用法”和“功能”,且上文“It has been found that...of a sentence.”提到研究发现的表情符号的用法——通常出现在完整的陈述句或疑问句之前或之后,设空处应进一步讲研究发现的有关表情符号的使用功能的内容,G项符合语境。故选G。
4.【解析】 “下文In contrast to it...from each other.”提到相比之下,当与彼此距离较远的人交流时,表情符号的使用会受到限制。E项与下文形成对比关系,表明人们的关系越亲密,表情符号使用越多。故选E。
5.【解析】 下文指出人们对同一个表情符号的理解尚未达成共识,甚至存在显著差异。在基于任务的交流中,人们可能更喜欢使用概念性词语来清晰地传达信息,以避免对表情符号的不同理解造成的交流困难。A项与下文形成因果关系,符合语境。故选A。
STEP2
语篇选词
1.keep pace with 与……齐头并进(或并驾齐驱);与……步调一致
2.rather than 而不是;而不
3.focus on 专注于;关注;聚焦于
4.in place of 代替,取代
5.communicate with 与……交流/沟通
6.a substitute for ……的替代品
7.in contrast (to) (与……)形成对比;相比之下
STEP3
教材超链接
1.prefer doing/to do sth 更喜欢做某事
2.pop up 突然出现;冒出来
3.pave the way 铺平道路;创造条件
4.have a great influence on 对……有重大影响
5.with the development of 随着……的发展
6.have advantages over 比……更有优势,优于……
7.have a tendency to do sth 倾向于做某事
1. (3分)随着与先进的技术齐头并进,如今,互联网使交流如此便捷,以至于无论你在哪里或你在做什么,你都可以和朋友保持联系。(非谓语动词作状语;
so...that...结构;让步状语从句)
STEP4
扩词成句
Keeping pace with advanced technology,nowadays,the Internet makes communication so convenient that you can keep in touch with your friends no matter where you are or what you are doing.
2. (3分)随着科学技术的发展铺平了道路,越来越多的科学发明被创造出来,给我们的日常生活带来了极大的便利,其中之一就是空调。(with复合结构;非谓语动词作状语;非限制性定语从句)
With the development of science and technology paving the way,more and more scientific inventions have been created,bringing great convenience to our daily life,one of which is the air conditioner.
3. (3分)越来越多的人倾向于使用空调,因为空调明显比电风扇更有优势,这使得电风扇在不久的将来完全消失成为可能。(as引导原因状语从句;非谓语动词作状语)
More and more people have a tendency to use air conditioners,as air conditioners have clear advantages over electric fans,making it possible for electric fans to completely disappear in the near future.
(15分)请以“The Electric Fan: a Thing of the Past”为题写一篇关于夏季降温方式变化的短文。过去人们用电风扇给房间降温,但是风扇不能给整个房间降温,而且只能放在地上或桌子上,占据空间;相比之下,空调不仅可以设定温度,给整个房间降温,还可以挂在墙上,省空间。
STEP5
应用文写作
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
