第15讲 高中题型衔接-2025学年英语初升高知识详细讲解

2025学年英语初升高知识详细讲解
第15讲 高中题型衔接
一、阅读理解
Gardeners who use pesticides(杀虫剂)are contributing to a smaller number of British songbirds, a study suggests. Scientists have urged people not to spray their gardens with poisons in order to halt bird decrease and adopt wildlife-friendly practices instead. The results of the University of Sussex study, which researchers call the first of its kind, were published in the journal Science of the Total Environment.
The experiment, which surveyed 615 gardens in Britain, found 25% fewer house sparrows when glyphosate(草甘膦)was used regularly. This is an ingredient found in commonly used herbicide(除草剂)brands.Slug pellets(鼻涕虫杀虫剂)also seemed to have an effect on bird sightings; in gardens where Slug pellets were used, house sparrow numbers were down by almost 40%.
Prof. Dave Goulson, a scientist at the University of Sussex, said,“The UK has 22 million gardens, which could be a fantastic home for wildlife, but not if they are overly tidy and sprayed with poisons. We just don't need pesticides in our gardens. Many towns around the world are now pesticide free. We should simply stop the use of these poisons in urban areas, following the example of France.”The Royal Horticultural Society, the UK's leading gardening charity, said the use of pesticides and herbicides should be avoided if possible and they should only be used, if ever, in small and targeted applications.
The research also found that those who adopted wildlife-friendly practices such as planting native bushes and flowers, or digging a wildlife pond, saw more birds than those who did not. Cannelle Tassin de Montaigu, a PhD researcher within the school of life sciences and an author of the study, said, “It's encouraging to find that simple measures, such as planting native bushes and trees and creating a pond, together with avoiding the use of pesticides, really make a measurable difference to the number of birds you will see in your garden.”
( )1. What does the underlined word “halt" in Paragraph 1 most probably mean
A. Show. B. Record. C. Stop. D. Mark.
( )2.Why are the figures mentioned in Paragraph 2
A. To compare the effects of two kinds of pesticides.
B. To help gardeners choose the proper pesticides.
C. To convince readers of the importance of house sparrows.
D. To show the huge influence of pesticides on birds.
( )3. What can be inferred from Prof. Dave Goulson's words
A. Pesticides use should be avoided throughout the UK.
B. The gardens in the UK are so tidy that pesticides are not needed.
C. Some countries like France have made urban areas pesticide free.
D. The extremely tidy gardens are ideal places for wildlife in the UK.
( )4. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Effective ways to increase the number of birds.
B. Alternative methods to keep gardens tidy.
C. Other researchers' interest in the experiment.
D. Gardeners' attitudes towards the experiment.
答案:
1-4 CDCA
二、阅读七选五
Austrian painter Gustav Klimt created some of his best-known masterpieces during the first decade of the 20th century.1._________ .Nazi looting(纳粹掠夺)during World War II led to the destruction of many prized Klimt's works, including the Faculty Paintings: three enormous scenes titled Philosophy, Medicine and Jurisprudence.
To study these paintings, art historians have long had to make do with black-and-white photographs. Thanks to machine learning, however, researchers have now restored(恢复) historical images of the Faculty Paintings to almost their original colors.2. _________.
To create the images, Google Arts and Culture and the Belvedere Museum in Vienna developed a tool that selected information about Klimt's use of color from different sources. The data set included newspaper descriptions of the Faculty Paintings and 80 full-color reproductions of Klimt paintings from the same period.3. _________.
Google engineer Emil Wallner spent nearly six months coding the AI algorithm(编写人工智能算法)to create color predictions. 4. _________.For example, one might expect the starry sky featured in Klimt's Philosophy to be blue, but the AI-colored version tends to be a little green, based partly on newspaper accounts that describe the painting's greenish color.
“5. _________,”says Franz Smola, who worked on the restoration with Wallner.“We were able to color Klimt's works even in places about which we had no knowledge.”
Art lovers can explore these colorful recreations online. The restored paintings are paired with an online exhibition, "Klimt vs. Klimt: The Man of Contradictions”，which explores the painter's life and works.
A. It was stored with other precious artworks B. But not all of Klimt's paintings survive today C. It also included 1 million pictures of the real world D. That suggests that these three Klimt paintings were not saved E. He says some parts of the final paintings surprised the researchers F. With machine learning, we can predict that Klimt used certain colors G. That offers viewers a sense of what Klimt's works looked like before their destruction
答案:
1-5 BGCEF
三、完形填空
As a foreign English teacher at my school in Japan, I have a 1 English music broadcast where I show different English songs for all the students during their lunch break.
I try to get the students to recommend songs to me for the broadcast every week. I give everyone a chance to 2 themselves through their music, including one 3 student of mine. This student constantly gets into fights with the other students, and brings 4 the energy of the class. Most of the other teachers and students 5 him away. I know, though, that he just needs a friend, or at least someone he can connect with.
I could tell he was warming up to me over the last year. I told him to 6 a song he liked that had some 7 words in it. He eventually recommended a song. I actually really liked the song so I put it on the broadcast and made sure to announce his 8 ,so everyone knew that he recommended such a great song, which made him 9 . Though everyone else 10 him, I could see 11 and know that he just needed someone who 12 him.
There was still a language barrier(障碍)between us ,but there was no need of 13 ,as you could always sense where you were with someone.
He recently walked by me and gave me the sincerest 14 that I'd ever seen. My coworker turned to me and said,“I've never seen his face shine like that before. How did you get through to him ”“I gave him a(n) 15 ,”I said, “through just one song."
1.A.daily B.weekly C.monthly D.yearly
2.A.share B.encourage C.help D.comfort
3.A.tough B.lazy C.dishonest D.impolite
4.A.up B.down C.back D.out
5.A.take B.get C.keep D.drive
6.A.sing out B.speak of C.think of D.give out
7.A.English B.Japanese C.friendly D.beautiful
8.A.song B.birthday C.name D.wishes
9.A.relaxed B.worried C. embarrassed D.excited
10.A.disappointed B.misunderstood C.envied D.feared
11.A.across B.over C.through D.off
12.A.loved B.accepted C.knew D.excused
13.A. communication B. reports C.sentences D.words
14.A.smile B.wishes C.greetings D.expression
15. A. recommendation B. introduction C.lift D.chance
答案:
1-5 BAABC 6-10 CACDB 11-15 CBDAD
四、语法填空
The Double Ninth Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the Chinese calendar. In Chinese folklore, the number nine is 1.________ largest number, homophonic(谐音的)to the Chinese word jiu,2. ________ means“ health and longevity(长寿)”. The Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly, which 3. ________ (be) in effect since 2013,clearly states that every year's Double Ninth Festival is a legal festival for senior citizens.
4. ________ (climb) mountains was a custom to pray for blessings on the day in ancient times. Nowadays, the custom has 5. ________ (gradual) mixed with some other outdoor exercises, including tai chi, qigong and square dancing. People would also admire the 6. ________ (beautiful) of chrysanthemums(菊花)，drink wine 7. ________ eat Chongyang cakes on that day. Chrysanthemums symbolize longevity. So, people pick fresh chrysanthemums 8. ________ (make) chrysanthemum wine every year during the festival, which the ancients regarded as an auspicious (吉祥的)wine for clearing away heat detoxifying(排毒)and prolonging life. The Chongyang cake is a festive cake, usually made of flour, brown sugar, fruits and nuts, meaning “making steady progress”.
Though people today don't observe all the traditional 9. ________ (custom),it's still the festival to respect the elders. Thanks to social care from their surroundings, the Double Ninth Festival is gaining 10. ________ (popular),and a growing number of seniors have begun to pay more attention to their later years.
答案:
1.the 2.which 3.has been 4.Climbing 5.gradually
6.beauty 7.and 8.to make 9. customs 10.popularity
五、书面表达
(一)应用文写作
传统节日是民族骄傲的源泉。你校学生会决定在腊八节这天举行有关活动，让学生们更好地了解腊八节。假定你是学生会主席，向全体学生发出倡议。要求80词左右。
内容包括：1.活动时间、地点 2.活动内容 3.活动的意义
Dear students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ the Student Union
答案:
Dear students,
As we know, traditional festivals are the source of national pride. Therefore, as the Laba Festival approaches, we will hold a celebration on the playground this Friday, which is scheduled to start at nine o'clock and last for three hours. During the activity, you are encouraged to share the traditions and legends related to this festival. Besides, the teachers will teach us how to make delicious Laba porridge. I hope that through this activity, students can know more about this festival and enhance national pride.
the Student Union
(二)读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Some years ago, a ship headed for China. All the passengers boarded the ship, including an officer, his wife, their only child-a five-year-old little boy, and a large Newfoundland dog called Bobby. Everybody in the ship liked Bobby, because he was so good-tempered and playful, but the boy was the dog's constant playmate. He was a happy little guy, and the two are so fond of each other.
One evening while the little boy and the dog were playing together, the ship shook suddenly, and splash(扑通一声)went the child into the sea!
A cry was raised,“ A hand over! A hand over!”and the brave dog jumped over the side of the ship, and swam towards the boy.
The little boy's father, half crazy, jumped with others into a small boat; but it was too dark to see far before them. All gave the child up for lost.
At last they heard a splash on the left side of the ship. “Pull on, quick!”cried the father. The boat was turned, the men pulled with all their strength, and in a moment brave Bobby was alongside, holding up the child in his mouth! Joy! Joy! Joy!
The boat was rowed back to the ship; the half-drowned(差点淹死的)boy soon got better; the parents were delighted; and brave Bobby was caressed(抚摸)by all.
At the Cape of Good Hope, the passengers were to be landed. The officer was going to the boat,with his wife and child, but he told the sailors to hold the Newfoundland dog tight by the collar till the boat was some distance from the ship.“You will then see,” said he,“ what a strong swimmer he is."
Brave Bobby pulled again and again to get loose, but all failed; for they held him till the boat was near the shore. But as soon as the officer gave the signal, the dog was set free, and away he went into these a to chase after(追赶)his masters.
注意：1.所续写短文词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
Suddenly the poor animal set up a shrill howl, and threw himself out of the water.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Just at that moment the shark, which had got very close to the dog, turned on his back and opened his frightening mouth!
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
Suddenly the poor animal set up a howl, and threw himself out of the shrill howl, and threw himself o water.“A shark! A shark!” sounded from the boat to the ship. Bobby swam right and left, and dived and made sharp turns, showing his teeth, and never allowing the shark time to turn on his back, without doing which the monster could bite him. Poor Bobby swam and dodged(躲闪），till he was almost tired out.“Stop rowing,” cried the officer to the men, “and turn the boat back.”
Just at that moment the shark, which had got very close to the dog, turned on his back and opened his frightening mouth! Bobby was all but gone. His master, the officer rose, pointed his gun, and fired. In a moment the water was tinged with blood: the horrid jaws of the shark were shattered to pieces! The men then rowed to the spot where Bobby was swimming about. The officer pulled the dog into the boat; the child threw his little arms around him; and the men in the boat, and the sailors in the ship, cried out with joy!
(三)概要写作
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
When you're not at home, little doubts can start to crowd your mind. Did I turn the coffee maker off Did I set the security alarm Are the kids doing their homework or watching television With a smart home, you could quiet all of these worries with a quick glance at your smartphone or tablet. Whether you're at work or on vacation, the smart home will alert you to what's going on, and security systems can be built to provide a great amount of help in an emergency. For example, not only would a resident be woken with notification of a fire alarm, the smart home would also unlock doors, dial the fire department and light the path to safety.
A smart home is friendly to the elderly whose children live far away. It could notify the resident when it's time to take medicine, alert the hospital if the resident falls and track how much the resident is eating. If an elderly person is a little forgetful, the smart home could perform tasks such as shutting off the water before a tub overflow or turning off the oven if the cook had wandered away. One builder estimates that a system like this could cost $20,000, which is less expensive than a full-time nursing home. It also allows adult children who might live elsewhere to participate in the care of their aging parents. Easy-to-control automated systems would provide similar benefits to those with disabilities or a limited range of movement.
However, one of the primary mental blocks of installing a smart home system is balancing the complexity of the system against the usability of the system. If it's too complicated for you to operate, then it's actually making your life harder instead of easier. Home automation systems have struggled to find a mainstream audience, in part because they require a bit of command of technology from their users. But these days, smartphones and tablets provide an easy way for everybody to communicate with home automation gadgets(小配件)。And those gadgets are more numerous by the day.
Hackers who find a way online may have the ability to turn off alarm systems and lights, leaving the home easy to a break-in. They could also cause mistakes like turning devices on and off rapidly, which could ruin some electronics or-in an extreme case-possibly cause a fire.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
答案:
Smart homes may make life easier and more convenient. It keeps you informed of what's happening at home and promises tremendous benefits for elderly people living alone. However, it comes with some security concerns. It also brings challenges to those who are not comfortable with computers. But with more portable devices available, it is getting easier and easier to operate.