Unit3 Period 2 Language Points

Unit
3
Under
the
Sea
Period
2
Language
Points
witness　vt.
当场见到；目击
vi.
证明；为(宗教信仰)做见证
n．目击者；证人；证据
(教材P20)I
thought，at
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
time，that
this
was
just
a
story
but
then
I
witnessed
it
with
my
own
eyes
many
times.　当时我认为这只是个故事，但之后我亲眼目睹了很多次。
(1)witness
sth.　　　　　　目击某事的发生
witness
to
sth./doing
sth.作证，证明某事/做某事
(2)a
witness
to
sth.
某事的证人
bear/give
witness
to
sth.
为某事作证；证明
　
①(2015·高考广东卷)Over
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
year，she
witnessed
gradual
changes
in
the
class.
一年来，她见证了这个班级的逐渐变化。
②The
reporter
witness
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
the
tsunami
sweeping
away
all
the
cars
and
buildings
as
well
as
humans
on
its
road.
那位记者亲眼看到海啸横扫所到之处的所有汽车、房屋以及行人。
③His
good
health
is
a_witness_to
the
success
of
the
treatment.
他的健康身体证明这种疗法是成功的。
④The
police
found
the_witness_to
the
murder
case.警察找到了那件谋杀案的目击者。
【巧学助记】
一语言尽witness
The
witness
w
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ho
witnessed
the
accident
gave
witness
to
the
police
and
promised
to
be
a
witness.
这个目击了这场事故的目击者向警察提交了证据并且答应做证人。
accommodation　n．住所；住宿
(教材P20)On
the
after
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )noon
I
arrived
at
the
station，as
I
was
sorting
out
my
accommodation，I
heard
a
loud
noise
coming
from
the
bay.
有天下午，我来到捕鲸站，正在整理住所的时候，听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。
(1)make/offer/provide
accommodation
for...为……提供食宿
book
accommodation
预定房间
arrange
one’s
accommodation安排某人的住宿
(2)accommodate
v.
为(某人)提供住宿；容纳；使适应
　
①The
hotel
provid
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es
accommodation
for
up
to
100
people.这家旅馆最多可为100人提供住宿。
②The
building
plans
include
much
needed
new
office
accommodation.
建筑规划包括紧缺的新办公用房。
③If
you
don’t
boo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k_your_accommodation
in
advance，you
may
find
that
most
of
the
places
are
full.如果你不提前预定房间，你会发现大多数地方都客满了。
④This
hotel
can
accommodate
up
to
500
guests.
这家旅馆最多可供500位旅客住宿。
opposite　prep.在……对面
adj.相对的；相反的
n．对立的人(或物)；对立面
(教材P20)We
ran
down
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
shore
in
time
to
see
an
enormous
animal
opposite
us
throwing
itself
out
of
the
water
and
then
crashing
down
again.　我们及时赶到岸边，看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面，然后又坠落到水里。
(1)be
opposite
to　在……的对面；与……相反
in
the
opposite
direction
朝相反的方向
do
the
opposite　　
做相反的事
(2)oppose
vt.
反对
opposed
adj.
反对的，不同的
be
opposed
to
反对……(to是介词)
　
①He
came
in
and
took
a
seat
opposite
to
me.
他走进来，坐在我对面的座位上。
②She
hurried
away
in_the_opposite_direction．
她朝着相反的方向匆匆离去了。
③Father
doesn’t
oppose
the
idea
at
all.
父亲根本不反对这个想法。
④They
are_all_opposed_to
naming
the
high
school
after
Martin.
他们都反对以马丁的名字命名这所高中。
【活用】——用opposite的知识完成下面片段
Ten
years
ago
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
building
____________________(邮局的对面)
was
a
bookstore.
My
brother
used
to
work
in
that
building.My
brother
liked
singing
while
he
was
taking
a
break.
His
boss
was
a
strange
man.His
hobby
____________________(与……相反)my
brother’s—he
liked
living
in
a
silent
environment.So
he
____________________
(强烈反对)
my
brother’s
behavior.
As
a
result，my
brother
was
forced
to
leave
the
bookstore.
答案：opposite
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
the
post
office；was
opposite
to；was
strongly
opposed
to
urge　vt.催促；极力主张；驱策
(教材P20)“Man
overboa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rd！Turn
the
boat
around！”urged
George，shouting
loudly.
乔治催促着，大声喊道：“有人落水了！调转船头！”
(1)urge
sb.to
do
sth.　　催促某人做某事
urge
sb.into
doing
sth.
催促某人做某事
urge
that clause
极力主张……，强调……，从句谓语形式为(should＋)动词原形
(2)urgent
adj.
紧急的；迫切的；非常重要的
　
①When
my
old
friend
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Brian
urged
me
to
accept
a
cigarette，it
was
more
than
I
could
bear.
当我的老朋友布莱恩极力要求我抽一支香烟时，我实在熬不住了。
②She
urged
that
I
(should)_apologize
to
him.
她主张我应该向他道歉。
③The
citizens
urg
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
for
the
construction
of
a
new
hospital.市民们强烈要求建造一家新医院。
④Seeing
that
no
one
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )takes
actions,
he
spoke
to
me
in
an
urgent
whisper.看到没有一个人采取行动，他忍不住向我低声催促。
【活用】——一句多译
随着考试临近，老师敦促我们努力学习。
(1)Our
teacher
____________________
with
the
exam
drawing
near.
(2)Our
teacher
____________________
with
the
exam
drawing
near.
(3)Our
teacher
____________________
with
the
exam
drawing
near.
答案：(1)urges
us
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )study
hard　(2)urges
us
into
studying
hard　(3)urges
that
we
(should)
study
hard
abandon
　vt.
放弃；遗弃；抛弃；
(与oneself连用)
使放纵，使听任　n．尽情；放任
(教材P21)From
James’s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
face，I
could
see
he
was
terrified
of
being
abandoned
by
us.
从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出，他害怕被我们抛弃。
(1)abandon
(doing)
sth.
　放弃(做)某事
abandon
oneself
to...
纵情于……；沉溺于……
(2)abandoned
adj.
废弃的；被遗弃的
(3)with
abandon
放任地
　
①He
had
to
abandon
his
job
because
of
his
illness.由于生病，他不得不放弃这份工作。
②By
no
means
shall
we
abandon_searching_for
the
missing
plane
MH370.
我们绝不会放弃寻找失联的MH370飞机。
③He
abandoned_himself_to
despair
for
some
reason.他因某种原因陷入了绝望。
④During
their
annual
celebration，they
sang
and
danced
with
abandon.
在他们年度庆祝期间，他们纵情地又唱又跳。
【巧学助记】
一语巧识abandon的用法
The
child
was
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bandoned
by
his
parents.Eventually
the
abandoned
boy
was
found
wandering
in
the
street，abandoning
himself
to
despair.
那个孩子被他的父母遗弃了。后来有人发现那个被抛弃的男孩在大街上游荡，他已陷入了绝望。
sort
out　分类；整理；解决(问题、困难)
(教材P20)On
the
after
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )noon
I
arrived
at
the
station，as
I
was
sorting
out
my
accommodation，I
heard
a
loud
noise
coming
from
the
bay.
有天下午，我来到捕鲸站，正在整理住所的时候，听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。
sort
sth.into
sth.　整理；把……分类
all
sorts
of
各种各样的
a
sort
of
一种
　
①The
boy
is
sorting
out
the
foreign
stamps
that
he
has
collected.
这个男孩正在整理他收集的外国邮票。
②The
teacher
sorted
the
students
into
different
groups.老师把学生分成不同的小组。
③There
are
all_sorts_of
jobs
you
could
do.
有各种各样的工作你可以做。
【活用】——用sort的相关短语完成下面片段
My
daughter
had
________________(各种各样的)toys
when
she
was
young.
One
day，when
I
entered
her
room，she
________________(正在分类)her
toys.
I
saw
her
________________(把她的玩具分成)several
piles.
答案：all
sorts
of；was
sorting
out；sorting
her
toys
into
help(...)out
　帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难
(教材P21)What
ev
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )idence
was
there
that
Old
Tom
was
helping
the
whalers
out
有什么证据能说明老汤姆帮助捕鲸者摆脱险境？
help
sb.with
sth.　帮助某人做某事
help
oneself
to
请随便自己动手(夹菜吃、用……等)
can’t
help
doing
sth.
禁不住做某事
can’t
help
but
do
sth.
只得；不得不做某事
can’t
help
do/to
do
sth.
不能帮着做某事
　
①When
I
bought
the
house，my
sister
helped
me
out
with
a
loan.
我买这所房子时，我姐姐借给了我一笔钱解了急。
②I
can’t_help_thinking
he
knows
more
than
he
has
told
us.
我总觉得他没把知道的事情全告诉我们。
③She
couldn’t
help
but
wonder
what
he
was
thinking.
她不禁琢磨着他在想些什么。
④He
couldn’t_help_to_wash
the
clothes.
他不能帮忙洗衣服。
【活用】——用适当的介词或副词填空
(1)Please
help
yourself
________some
fish
and
meat.
(2)Can
you
help
me
________
my
English
this
evening
(3)When
I
was
in
trouble，my
best
friend
helped
me
________．
答案：(1)to　(2)with　(3)out
Ⅰ.词汇自测
1．Fearing
further
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ttacks，most
of
the
population
had____________(放弃)their
city.
2．He____________(力劝)upon
his
pupils
the
importance
of
hard
work.
3．At
least
three
passers by____________(见证)
the
accident.
4．Can
you
provide
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
safe
and
comfortable____________(住处)
for
your
cat
5．The
prisoner____________(逃离)
from
the
house
into
the
night.
6．He
told
one
or
two
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
amusing
____________(轶事)about
his
years
as
a
policeman.
7．Companies
publish
__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )__________(每年的)reports
to
inform
the
public
about
the
previous
year’s
activities.
8．The
need
for
goo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
____________(配合)is
now
being
recognised
as
essential.
9．There
are
several
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
types
of
____________(鲨鱼)，some
of
which
can
attack
people
swimming.
10．The
____________(关系)between
the
police
and
the
local
community
has
improved.
Ⅱ.选词填空
in
urgent
need
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )/
help...out/
in
the
meantime/be
abandoned
to/sort
out/hold
up
1．Language
is
an
i
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mportant
part
of
culture，and________________，it
reflects
culture.
2．It
is
an
old
wooden
building________________repairs.
3．The
young
boy
________________
much
disappointment
because
of
his
failure
in
the
job
interview.
4．Her
father________
her
________
when
she
failed
the
test.
5．She
spent
al
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l
the
afternoon
in
________________
the
stuff
in
the
closet.
(教材P20)This
was
the
call
that
announced
there
was
about
to
be
a
whale
hunt.
这是宣告猎鲸行动马上就要开始的声音。
[句法分析]
“that
announc
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
there
was
about
to
be
a
whale
hunt”为关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the
call。从句中用到“be
about
to
do
sth.”结构，表示即将发生的动作，意为“即将，将要”，该短语通常不与具体的时间状语连用，与when连用时，表示“即将要干某事，这时候……”之意。
英语中表示将来时的方法：
(1)“be
going
to＋动词原形”，用来表示打算、计划或安排要做的事情，或在说话时已有迹象预示会在将来发生的事情。
(2)“will/shall＋动词原形”，
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用来表示说话时认为或预测会在将来发生的动作或存在的状态。will用于各种人称；shall只用于第一人称。
(3)按计划或安排即将发生的动作可以用现在进
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )行时来表示。这些动作往往都与移动、方向、启动等有关。如：
come，go，arrive，leave，move，fly等。
(4)在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来的动作常用一般现在时。
(5)“be
to＋动词原形”表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作，或可能、一定会发生某种情况。
　
①(2015·高考广东卷)Just
when
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
she
was
about
to
speak，a
student
rushed
in
and
pushed
her
aside!
正当她要讲话时，一个学生冲进来把她推到一边。
②There_is_goin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g_to_be
an
English
speaking
contest
in
Fudan
University
next
month.
下月在复旦大学将有一场英语演讲比赛。
③I
shall
write
to
you
if
anything
comes
up.
如果发生了什么事情我将写信告诉你。
④Although
I
am
leaving，I
promise
to
keep
in
contact.
虽然我就要离开了，但是我保证会保持联系的。
⑤What
is_to_become
of
me
if
you
go
away
如果你走的话，我的结果将是怎样呢？
(教材P20)I
had
already
heard
that
George
didn’t
like
being
kept
waiting，so
even
though
I
didn’t
have
the
right
clothes
on，I
raced
after
him.
我已经听说乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没有穿上合适的衣服就跟在他后面跑起来。
[句法分析]
句中含有一个连词even
tho
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ugh引导的让步状语从句。even
though意为“即使，纵然，虽然，尽管”，其引导的让步状语从句既可置于主句之前，也可置于主句之后。
①He
kept
busy
on
the
book
even
though
he
was
in
great
pain.
即使在疼痛难忍时，他仍然坚持写这本书。
②Even_though
he
apolo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gized，Meg
was
still
very
unhappy.尽管他道歉了，梅格还是非常不高兴。
③Even
though
I
didn
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )’t
like
the
actor
Tian
Liang，I
went
to
see
the
film
The
Right
Mistake
in
March，2015.即使我不喜欢演员田亮，我还是在2015年3月去看了电影《将错就错》。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．我极力主张应该立刻采取措施阻止这样的事情再次发生。
I
urged
that
we
_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )___________________
to
prevent
such
things
happening
again.
2．即使你的意图是好的，你还是会伤害到某些人的感情。
____________________
you
may
have
good
intentions，someone’s
feelings
may
get
hurt.
3．就在他想放弃的时候，他突然想到一个主意。
When
he____________________，an
idea
came
to
him.
4．被父亲打了一顿，这个小男孩禁不住大哭起来。
Beaten
by
his
father，the
little
boy
____________________．
5．我在整理可以扔掉的文件。
I
am
just
____________________
the
papers
that
can
be
thrown
away.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．When
I
turned
aro
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )und，I
saw
an
enormous
animal
to
throw
itself
out
of
water.
________________________________________________________________________
2．I
was
about
to
sort
out
my
luggage
while
someone
came
in.
________________________________________________________________________
3．Looking
out
of
the
window，she
saw
a
beggar
attacking
by
a
dog.
________________________________________________________________________
4．Even
though
I
don’t
like
her，but
I
often
help
her.
________________________________________________________________________
5．The
old
man
is
terrified
of
abandoning
by
his
children.
________________________________________________________________________