Unit 3 Under the Sea period 3 grammar

Unit
3
Under
the
Sea
Teaching
Design
Period
3　Grammar
（Revise
of
passive
of
infinitive）
Teaching
aims　　
1．Revise
the
passive
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
voice(including
the
infinitive)
and
know
the
exact
meaning
of
the
structure.
2．Be
able
to
use
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )useful
words，expressions
and
structures
correctly.
Teaching
important
point
The
understanding
of
passive
of
infinitive
Teaching
difficult
point
How
to
grasp
and
use
of
the
passive
of
infinitive
Teaching
procedures　　
Step
1　Revision
Step
2　Grammar
learning
1．不定式的被动形式
当不定式与逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，即不定
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动形式。其被动式可以分为两种：一般式和完成式。
(1)一般式：to
be
done，表示不定式动作在谓语动词之后或者同时发生。
It
is
a
great
honor_to_be_invited_to
speak
here.
很荣幸被邀请在这里讲话。
The
novel
is
said_to_be_published_next
month.
据说这本小说下月要出版。
(2)完成式：to
have
been
done，表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前。
The
book
is
said
to_have_been_translated_into
six
languages.
这本书据说已经被翻译成六种语言。
The
boss
preferred_to_have_been_given_more
work
to
do.
老板宁愿被分给更多的工作做。
被动
一般式
to
be
done
完成式
to
have
been
done
2.不定式被动形式的作用
(1)作主语
It's
an
honor
to_be_invited
to
the
ceremony.
很荣幸被邀请赴宴。
It's
a
pity
to_be_kept
in
the
house
in
such
fine
weather.
在这样好的天气被关在家里真是遗憾。
(2)作表语
The
letter
is_to_be_sent_by
airmail.
这封信笺要空邮。
(3)作宾语
She
didn't
like
to_be_treated
as
a
child.
她不喜欢被当成孩子。
The
boy
asked
to_be_given
an
opportunity
to
try
again.
那男孩要求给他再试一次的机会。
(4)作宾语补足语
I'd
like
my
bedroom
to_be_cleaned.
我想整理一下我的卧室。
(5)作定语
He
was
the
last
one_to_be_asked
to
speak
at
the
meeting.
他是最后一个在会上被邀请发言的人。
(6)作状语
His
mother
left
the
small
village，never_to_be_seen
again.
他母亲离开了那个小山村，再也没有人见过她。
3．不定式有些要注意的地方
(1)感官动词和一些使役动
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词的不定式的主动形式要省去to，但在变成被动语态后需要加上to，能这样用的动词或动词词组有：make，have，let，see，hear，notice，listen
to，watch等。如：
We
often
see
him
act
like
that.＝He
is
often
seen
to
act
like
that.
我们常常看到他那样做。
(2)在can't
help
but，have
nothing
to
do
but结构中，介词but后的不定式省去to。如：
I
can't_help_but
suspect
his
motive.
我不禁怀疑起他的动机。
I
have_nothing_to_do_but_watch
TV.
我没什么事情可做，除了看电视。
(3)不定式有时要用主动形式表示被动意义
①形容词以及含有形容词的名词后的不定式
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，一般用主动形式表示被动意义，其中形容词常见的有easy，difficult，important，impossible等。如：
The
work
is
impossible_to_finish
in
two
days.
工作不可能两天之内完成。
English
is
not
so
easy_to_learn.
英语并不好学。
②一些固定用法，如“挨骂，受责备，受批评”
用be
to
blame；“(东西等)出租”用to
let。
He
is
to
blame
for
what
he
has
done.
他应为他所做的受责备。
The
house
is
to
let.房子要出租。
Step
3　Exercises
1．The
crowd
cheer
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed
wildly
at
the
sight
of
Liu
Xiang，who
was
reported
______
the
world
record
in
the
110－meter
hurdle
race.
A．breaking　　　
B．having
broken　　　
C．to
have
broken　　　
D．to
break
2．I
like
getting
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )up
very
early
in
summer.The
morning
air
is
so
good
______.
A．to
be
breathed　
　
B．to
breathe
C．breathing　
D．being
breathed
3．______
the
project
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s
planned，we'll
have
to
work
two
more
hours
a
day.
A．Completing　
B．Complete
C．Completed　
D．To
complete
4．Having
a
tr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ip
abroad
is
certainly
good
for
the
old
couple，but
it
remains______
whether
they
will
enjoy
it.
A．to
see　
B．to
be
seen
C．seeing　
D．seen
5．I
hurried
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
the
meeting
hall，only______
that
the
meeting
had
been
put
off.
A．to
tell　
B．to
be
told
C．telling　
D．told
6．Do
let
your
mother
know
all
the
truth；she
appears______
everything.
A．to
tell　
B．to
be
told
C．to
be
telling　
D．to
have
been
told
7．Little
Tom
should
love______
to
the
theater
this
evening.
A．to
be
taken　
B．to
take
C．being
taken　
D．taking
8．It
is
said
that
p
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lastics
can
be
used
to______
many
things.Now
people
are
used
to______
plastics
products.
A．make；using
B．making；using
C．making；use
D．make；use
9．With
a
lot
of
pro
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )blems______，the
newly－elected
president
is
having
a
hard
time.
A．settled　
B．settling
C．to
settle　
D．being
settled
Keys：1～5
CBDBB　6～9
DAAC
Step
4　Drilling
Ask
students
to
d
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
Exercise
1
on
Page
14
and
then
check
the
answers
together.
Keys：
Exercise
1
be
tested
out，be
har
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )med，be
offered，was
amazed，was
not
allowed，be
discovered，be
completely
transformed，were
impressed，be
envied，be
rebuilt
Ask
students
to
do
Exercise
2
and
then
check
the
answers
together.
Keys：
Exercise
2
1．to
be
designed　2
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ).to
be
rebuilt　3.to
be
accompanied　4.to
be
known
as　5.to
be
filled
with　6.to
be
tested
out　7.to
be
envied　8.to
be
set
aside
Step
5　Using
the
passive
infinitive
Translate
the
follo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )wing
sentences
into
English
using
the
passive
infinitive.
1．那本关于《圣经》的书需要在这个周末之前还给图书馆。
2．下周末前，这个旧扶手椅将由一个沙发代替。
3．不要着急，你有足够的时间把那个传真发到你的公司。
4．你同妻子离婚的决定必须要得到她的同意。
5．刚刚出了一起事故，不过没有必要惊慌，没有人受伤。
6．虽然她考得不错，但是她预料父母还是会对考试的结果感到失望。
7．当在医院进行大手术的时候，她得到了家人的关爱和支持，为此她感到非常高兴。
8．他为自己被宣布成为智力竞赛冠军得主的事感到十分兴奋。
9．他把他们已经得到的2000元与将提供的1500元加在一起，总共3500元。
10．没有主力队员的参与，他们一定会在即将到来的比赛中被打败。Suggested
answers：
1．That
book
on
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the
Holy
Bible
needs
to
be
returned
to
the
library
by/before
the
end
of
the
week.
2．That
old
armchair
is
to
be
replaced
by
a
sofa
next
week.
3．Don't
worry—you
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )till
have
plenty
of
time
for
that
fax
to
be
sent
to
your
company.
4．Your
decision
to
di
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vorce
your
wife
has
to
be
made
with
her
agreement.
5．There
has
be
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en
an
accident
but
there
is
no
need
to
be
alarmed.Nobody
has
been
hurt.
6．Although
she
had
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )done
well，she
expected
her
parents
to
be
disappointed
by
her
exam
results.
7．She
was
happy
to
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )be
supported
by
the
affection
of
her
family
when
she
had
a
serious
operation
in
hospital.
8．He
was
so
excited
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
be
declared
the
winner
of
the
talent
competition.
9．He
added
the
2000
yu
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an
they
had
received
to
the
1500
yuan
to
be
offered，making
3500
yuan
in
all.
10．Without
their
k
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ey/leading
player，they're
bound
to
be
beaten
in
the
coming
competition.
Step
6　Homework
Finish
off
the
given
exercises