UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共10分)
The fishermen of Senegal have joined forces to protect one of the ocean’s most endangered species—the sea turtle,a classic case of “poacher turned gamekeeper”.
The coastal waters of Senegal in West Africa are home to several species of sea turtles which are all beautiful creatures but are affected by pollution,poaching and even fishing nets.
“Once we were the biggest eaters of turtles,but now we have become their biggest protectors,” said Abdou Karim Sall,a fisherman who led the Management Committee for the Marine Protected Area (MPA) of Joal-Fadiouth.
The Joal-Fadiouth MPA,covering about 174 square kilometres,was founded around 20 years ago,and it’supheld by the government,local authorities and several associations.It is an area aimed at protecting marine ecosystem,habitats and species,including endangered species like the sea turtle.Its benefits are by all means obvious: maintaining biodiversity,increasing fish catches on fishing grounds,as well as promoting economic development.
For a long time,Sall has been working to raise locals’ awareness of sea turtle protection.
“Even former turtle sellers have been ‘changed’ by receiving three small boats to take tourists to sea,” he said.Instead of strict restrictions,the Joal-Fadiouth MPA has been trying to educate local communities about the economic benefits so that they would join the project.“It’s after they are told: ‘It’s an endangered species’,” Sall said.
Local residents have also set out to protect the nests.During summer and fall,a few dozen turtles may stop to lay eggs on the beaches of Joal-Fadiouth.MPA agents and village volunteers protect their nests with fences.“People come at 6 a.m.so that other animals do not take the young,” said Sall.
Sall added that the number of turtles had decreased by about 30% in the past 20 years,and chances of survival of a young turtle were no higher than one in a thousand.But the fisherman-conservator agreed,“Awareness has not worked 100%.”
( )1.What does the underlined word “upheld” in Paragraph 4 mean
[A] Hurt. [B] Ignored.
[C] Supported. [D] Paused.
( )2.Which of the following is the measure taken by the Joal-Fadiouth MPA to protect sea turtles
[A] Building more nests for turtles to lay eggs.
[B] Placing strict restrictions to educate local communities.
[C] Providing different means of transportation for turtle sellers.
[D] Publicising the economic benefits of the project.
( )3.What will most probably be talked about in the following paragraph
[A] The mistakes the Marine Protected Area has made.
[B] The danger sea turtles still face from fishermen.
[C] The argument about the Marine Protected Area.
[D] The benefits brought by the Marine Protected Area.
( )4.What is the main idea of the text
[A] Fishermen of Senegal have joined together to protect sea turtles.
[B] Sea turtles in Senegal are endangered because of human activities.
[C] The situation of sea turtles in Senegal has been improved significantly.
[D] The Marine Protected Area has played an important role in protecting fishes.
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Every living thing depends on the ocean.So when we hear the ocean is in trouble from the effects of overfishing,climate change,and pollution,it’s easy to feel powerless.1. But there are plenty of actions you can take to make a big difference to the ocean.
2.
The more you learn about the ocean,the better prepared you’ll be to inspire change and help others do the same.Thankfully,there are many ways to educate yourself about the ocean and the challenges it faces,from books and documentaries to websites,museums,art exhibits,
and more.
Check the label.
Help keep fisheries healthy by choosing sustainable seafood when you shop or dine out.
3. Look for the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) labels.Their blue and green fish logos (标识) on your seafood ensure your fish can be traced back to sustainably-managed fisheries and farms.
Reduce your carbon emissions.
4. Decrease the effects of climate change on the ocean by cutting your carbon footprint at home: turn off the lights when you’re not using them,walk or ride your bike to work,and demand renewable energy options in your community.
Travel smarter.
Consider booking your next trip through a responsible travel company that’s committed to protecting wildlife and using guides who are aware of rules and best practices.Once you arrive at your destination,be respectful of marine life and habitats.And be careful about your purchases.5.
A.Increase your ocean IQ.
B.Skip the single-use plastics.
C.What should be done to travel responsibly
D.What’s the easiest way to make sure your seafood is sustainable
E.Many of these issues will require leadership from governments and businesses.
F.In the last decades,the ocean has absorbed 90% of the extra heat created by burning fossil fuels.
G.Purchasing items like shark products damages delicate ecosystems and threatens endangered species.
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
Walk in the halls of an academic earth science department,and you’ll likely find 1. (show) on a wall somewhere a strikingly beautiful map of the world’s ocean floor.2. map was completed in 1977,being the first complete world map of the ocean floor and 3. (represent) the highest point of Marie Tharp’s career.It gives scientists and the public alike their first sight of 4. the sea floor looks like.
In the middle of the 20th century,when continental drift (大陆漂移) met with strong
5. (oppose) from many American scientists,Tharp’s groundbreaking maps made it possible 6. the theory of plate tectonics (板块构造学) to appear.
Tharp began her career at a time when few women 7. (become) scientists,but she was able to take advantage of doors opened by historical circumstances,becoming 8. (unique) qualified to make significant contributions to both science and cartography (地图
绘制).
In 1997,the Library of Congress named her as one of the 9. (great) cartographers of the 20th century.She died in 2006,but countless women scientists 10. (motivate) by her spirit since then.
1.be aimed at doing sth旨在做某事
2.by all means 一定,当然
3.raise one’s awareness of 提高某人……的意识
4.instead of 代替,而不是
5.set out to do sth 开始做某事
6.make a big difference to...对……产生很大的影响
7.be committed to doing sth致力于做某事
8.be aware of 意识到……
9.take advantage of 利用
1.a strong passion for 对……的强烈热情
2.strengthen the bonds 加强联系
3.for the benefit of 为了……的利益
4.an urgent need to do sth 迫切需要做某事
5.in hand 在手头;可供使用
6.take action 采取行动
7.vast amounts of 大量的
1.(3分)为了提高人们对海洋保护的意识,这次比赛由学生会组织,欢迎所有学生提交参赛作品。(过去分词作状语;非限制性定语从句)
2.(3分)该比赛致力于让大家意识到,我们绝不能忽视海洋保护的重要性。(同位语从句;完全倒装)
3.(3分)我们收集了大量的数据,是时候制作一张设计精良、内容翔实的海报了。(with复合结构;虚拟语气)
(15分)假设你是学生会主席李华,你校学生会近期将举办以海洋保护为主题的英文海报设计大赛,在华交换生Freddie对此很感兴趣并写信咨询比赛的相关信息,请你给他回信,内容包括:
1.大赛目的;
2.作品要求;
3.参赛方式。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共10分)
The fishermen of Senegal have joined forces to protect one of the ocean’s most endangered species—the sea turtle,a classic case of “poacher turned gamekeeper”.
The coastal waters of Senegal in West Africa are home to several species of sea turtles which are all beautiful creatures but are affected by pollution,poaching and even fishing nets.
“Once we were the biggest eaters of turtles,but now we have become their biggest protectors,” said Abdou Karim Sall,a fisherman who led the Management Committee for the Marine Protected Area (MPA) of Joal-Fadiouth.
The Joal-Fadiouth MPA,covering about 174 square kilometres,was founded around 20 years ago,and it’supheld by the government,local authorities and several associations.It is an area aimed at protecting marine ecosystem,habitats and species,including endangered species like the sea turtle.Its benefits are by all means obvious: maintaining biodiversity,increasing fish catches on fishing grounds,as well as promoting economic development.
For a long time,Sall has been working to raise locals’ awareness of sea turtle protection.
“Even former turtle sellers have been ‘changed’ by receiving three small boats to take tourists to sea,” he said.Instead of strict restrictions,the Joal-Fadiouth MPA has been trying to educate local communities about the economic benefits so that they would join the project.“It’s after they are told: ‘It’s an endangered species’,” Sall said.
Local residents have also set out to protect the nests.During summer and fall,a few dozen turtles may stop to lay eggs on the beaches of Joal-Fadiouth.MPA agents and village volunteers protect their nests with fences.“People come at 6 a.m.so that other animals do not take the young,” said Sall.
Sall added that the number of turtles had decreased by about 30% in the past 20 years,and chances of survival of a young turtle were no higher than one in a thousand.But the fisherman-conservator agreed,“Awareness has not worked 100%.”
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍的是塞内加尔的渔民联合起来,保护海龟这一濒危物种,成为“捕食者转变为守护者”的典型案例。
( )1.What does the underlined word “upheld” in Paragraph 4 mean
[A] Hurt. [B] Ignored.
[C] Supported. [D] Paused.
【答案】 C
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词所在句后文可知,Joal-Fadiouth海洋保护区的益处有很多,因此可推断出政府、地方当局和几个协会都给予了支持。故画线词与C项“支持”意思一致。故选C。
( )2.Which of the following is the measure taken by the Joal-Fadiouth MPA to protect sea turtles
[A] Building more nests for turtles to lay eggs.
[B] Placing strict restrictions to educate local communities.
[C] Providing different means of transportation for turtle sellers.
[D] Publicising the economic benefits of the project.
【答案】 D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段的第三句可知,Joal-Fadiouth海洋保护区通过教授当地社区有关经济效益的知识,以便塞内加尔渔民加入这个项目。故选D。
( )3.What will most probably be talked about in the following paragraph
[A] The mistakes the Marine Protected Area has made.
[B] The danger sea turtles still face from fishermen.
[C] The argument about the Marine Protected Area.
[D] The benefits brought by the Marine Protected Area.
【答案】 B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,本段讲述的是在过去的20年里,海龟的数量大量减少,小海龟的存活率不超过千分之一,后文应该承接此处,讲述导致海龟数量下降的原因以及海龟仍面临着来自渔民的危险。由此可推知,B项承接前文信息,符合题意。故选B。
( )4.What is the main idea of the text
[A] Fishermen of Senegal have joined together to protect sea turtles.
[B] Sea turtles in Senegal are endangered because of human activities.
[C] The situation of sea turtles in Senegal has been improved significantly.
[D] The Marine Protected Area has played an important role in protecting fishes.
【答案】 A
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章讲述的是塞内加尔的渔民联合起来,保护海龟这一濒危物种,成为“捕食者转变为守护者”的典型案例。由此可知,A项能够概括文章主要内容,符合题意。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Every living thing depends on the ocean.So when we hear the ocean is in trouble from the effects of overfishing,climate change,and pollution,it’s easy to feel powerless.1. But there are plenty of actions you can take to make a big difference to the ocean.
2.
The more you learn about the ocean,the better prepared you’ll be to inspire change and help others do the same.Thankfully,there are many ways to educate yourself about the ocean and the challenges it faces,from books and documentaries to websites,museums,art exhibits,
and more.
Check the label.
Help keep fisheries healthy by choosing sustainable seafood when you shop or dine out.
3. Look for the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) labels.Their blue and green fish logos (标识) on your seafood ensure your fish can be traced back to sustainably-managed fisheries and farms.
Reduce your carbon emissions.
4. Decrease the effects of climate change on the ocean by cutting your carbon footprint at home: turn off the lights when you’re not using them,walk or ride your bike to work,and demand renewable energy options in your community.
Travel smarter.
Consider booking your next trip through a responsible travel company that’s committed to protecting wildlife and using guides who are aware of rules and best practices.Once you arrive at your destination,be respectful of marine life and habitats.And be careful about your purchases.5.
A.Increase your ocean IQ.
B.Skip the single-use plastics.
C.What should be done to travel responsibly
D.What’s the easiest way to make sure your seafood is sustainable
E.Many of these issues will require leadership from governments and businesses.
F.In the last decades,the ocean has absorbed 90% of the extra heat created by burning fossil fuels.
G.Purchasing items like shark products damages delicate ecosystems and threatens endangered species.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章通过列举具体的行动步骤,向读者说明如何为保护海洋做出贡献。
1.【答案】 E
【解析】 根据上下文可知,前文讲述面对海洋问题,我们很容易感到无能为力,后文讲述我们可以采取行动,所以E项承接上文,并和下文构成转折关系,符合题意。故选E。
2.【答案】 A
【解析】 设空处为本段小标题。根据后文可知,本段主要讲述了要提高自己对海洋的认识,所以A项符合本段主题,适合作为本段小标题。故选A。
3.【答案】 D
【解析】 根据上下文可知,前文讲述购物或外出就餐时要选择可持续的海鲜,后文讲述怎么选择,所以D项承上启下,符合题意。故选D。
4.【答案】 F
【解析】 设空位于段首,为本段中心句。根据后文可知,本段主要讲述减少碳足迹,所以F项符合本段主题,为本段中心句。故选F。
5.【答案】 G
【解析】 根据前文可知,本段主要讲述旅游时要注意保护海洋生态,购买东西时要小心,所以G项符合本段主题,是对前文内容的举例。故选G。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
Walk in the halls of an academic earth science department,and you’ll likely find 1. (show) on a wall somewhere a strikingly beautiful map of the world’s ocean floor.2. map was completed in 1977,being the first complete world map of the ocean floor and 3. (represent) the highest point of Marie Tharp’s career.It gives scientists and the public alike their first sight of 4. the sea floor looks like.
In the middle of the 20th century,when continental drift (大陆漂移) met with strong
5. (oppose) from many American scientists,Tharp’s groundbreaking maps made it possible 6. the theory of plate tectonics (板块构造学) to appear.
Tharp began her career at a time when few women 7. (become) scientists,but she was able to take advantage of doors opened by historical circumstances,becoming 8. (unique) qualified to make significant contributions to both science and cartography (地图
绘制).
In 1997,the Library of Congress named her as one of the 9. (great) cartographers of the 20th century.She died in 2006,but countless women scientists 10. (motivate) by her spirit since then.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。第一张完整的世界海底地图代表了Marie Tharp职业生涯的高光,它让科学家和公众第一次看到海底是什么样子,也使得板块构造学的出现成为
可能。
1.【答案】 shown
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。空处作非谓语,该非谓语部分被提到了被修饰词map之前,且及物动词show与map之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词表被动。故填shown。
2.【答案】 The
【解析】 考查冠词。此处的 map特指前面提到的a strikingly beautiful map,应用定冠词the,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填The。
3.【答案】 representing
【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合空前的and可知,空处与前面的being并列,都是非谓语动词作状语,且与map之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填 representing。
4.【答案】 what
【解析】 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作宾语,应用what引导。故填what。
5.【答案】 opposition
【解析】 考查名词。空前是形容词,所以空处应用名词作宾语,oppose的名词形式是opposition,意为“反对”,为不可数名词。故填opposition。
6.【答案】 for
【解析】 考查介词。make it possible for sb/sth to do sth意为“使得某人/某物做某事成为可能”,为固定用法。故填for。
7.【答案】 became
【解析】 考查动词的时态。本句是when引导的定语从句,become作从句的谓语,根据began可知,应用一般过去时。故填became。
8.【答案】 uniquely
【解析】 考查副词。空处修饰形容词 qualified,应用副词uniquely,意为“格外,尤其”。故填uniquely。
9.【答案】 greatest
【解析】 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的one of the和语境可知,此处表示“20世纪最伟大的地图绘制家之一”,应用形容词最高级。故填greatest。
10.【答案】 have been motivated
【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since then可知,此处应用现在完成时,but后的分句的主语countless women scientists为复数且与motivate之间是被动关系,故应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been motivated。
1.be aimed at doing sth旨在做某事
2.by all means 一定,当然
3.raise one’s awareness of 提高某人……的意识
4.instead of 代替,而不是
5.set out to do sth 开始做某事
6.make a big difference to...对……产生很大的影响
7.be committed to doing sth致力于做某事
8.be aware of 意识到……
9.take advantage of 利用
1.a strong passion for 对……的强烈热情
2.strengthen the bonds 加强联系
3.for the benefit of 为了……的利益
4.an urgent need to do sth 迫切需要做某事
5.in hand 在手头;可供使用
6.take action 采取行动
7.vast amounts of 大量的
1.(3分)为了提高人们对海洋保护的意识,这次比赛由学生会组织,欢迎所有学生提交参赛作品。(过去分词作状语;非限制性定语从句)
【答案】 Aimed at raising people’s awareness of marine conservation,this contest is organised by the Students’ Union,where all the students are welcome to submit their entries.
2.(3分)该比赛致力于让大家意识到,我们绝不能忽视海洋保护的重要性。(同位语从句;完全倒装)
【答案】 The contest is committed to making everyone aware of the fact that on no account should we ignore the significance of marine conservation.
3.(3分)我们收集了大量的数据,是时候制作一张设计精良、内容翔实的海报了。(with复合结构;虚拟语气)
【答案】 With vast amounts of data collected,it’s high time that we should produce a well-designed and informative poster.
(15分)假设你是学生会主席李华,你校学生会近期将举办以海洋保护为主题的英文海报设计大赛,在华交换生Freddie对此很感兴趣并写信咨询比赛的相关信息,请你给他回信,内容包括:
1.大赛目的;
2.作品要求;
3.参赛方式。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
One possible version:
Dear Freddie,
Exceedingly delighted to know that you have a strong passion for the English poster design contest themed on ocean protection,I’m writing to inform you of some detailed information.
Aimed at raising people’s awareness of marine conservation,this contest is organised by the Students’ Union,where all the students are welcome to submit their entries.Originality,by all means,is the first requirement.Plus,the poster you design should be inspiring and thought-provoking,clearly illustrating the urgent need to protect it.
Moreover,what may deeply impress the judges is a short slogan that makes your entry more persuasive and impressive.
If you are interested,set out to design your entry now and submit it before 10 November to studentsunion..Looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
点津:为形容词短语作状语;
为过去分词作状语;
为where引导的非限制性定语从句;
为现在分词作状语;
为what引导的主语从句。
(
第
8
页
)(共43张PPT)
UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
以读促写
(限时:40分钟 总分:61.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题2.5分,共10分)
The fishermen of Senegal have joined forces to protect one of the ocean’s most endangered species—the sea turtle,a classic case of “poacher turned gamekeeper”.
STEP1
语篇训练
The coastal waters of Senegal in West Africa are home to several species of sea turtles which are all beautiful creatures but are affected by pollution,poaching and even fishing nets.
“Once we were the biggest eaters of turtles,but now we have become their biggest protectors,” said Abdou Karim Sall,a fisherman who led the Management Committee for the Marine Protected Area (MPA) of
Joal-Fadiouth.
The Joal-Fadiouth MPA,covering about 174 square kilometres,was founded around 20 years ago,and it’supheld by the government,local authorities and several associations.It is an area aimed at protecting marine ecosystem,habitats and species,including endangered species like the sea turtle.Its benefits are by all means obvious: maintaining biodiversity,
increasing fish catches on fishing grounds,as well as promoting economic development.
For a long time,Sall has been working to raise locals’ awareness of sea turtle protection.“Even former turtle sellers have been ‘changed’ by receiving three small boats to take tourists to sea,” he said.Instead of strict restrictions,the Joal-Fadiouth MPA has been trying to educate local communities about the economic benefits so that they would join the project.“It’s after they are told: ‘It’s an endangered species’,” Sall said.
Local residents have also set out to protect the nests.During summer and fall,a few dozen turtles may stop to lay eggs on the beaches of
Joal-Fadiouth.MPA agents and village volunteers protect their nests with fences.“People come at 6 a.m.so that other animals do not take the young,” said Sall.
Sall added that the number of turtles had decreased by about 30% in the past 20 years,and chances of survival of a young turtle were no higher than one in a thousand.But the fisherman-conservator agreed,“Awareness has not worked 100%.”
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍的是塞内加尔的渔民联合起来,保护海龟这一濒危物种,成为“捕食者转变为守护者”的典型案例。
( )1.What does the underlined word “upheld” in Paragraph 4 mean
[A] Hurt. [B] Ignored.
[C] Supported. [D] Paused.
C
【解析】 猜测词义题。根据画线词所在句后文可知,Joal-Fadiouth海洋保护区的益处有很多,因此可推断出政府、地方当局和几个协会都给予了支持。故画线词与C项“支持”意思一致。故选C。
( )2.Which of the following is the measure taken by the Joal-Fadiouth MPA to protect sea turtles
[A] Building more nests for turtles to lay eggs.
[B] Placing strict restrictions to educate local communities.
[C] Providing different means of transportation for turtle sellers.
[D] Publicising the economic benefits of the project.
D
【解析】 细节理解题。根据第五段的第三句可知,Joal-Fadiouth海洋保护区通过教授当地社区有关经济效益的知识,以便塞内加尔渔民加入这个项目。故选D。
( )3.What will most probably be talked about in the following paragraph
[A] The mistakes the Marine Protected Area has made.
[B] The danger sea turtles still face from fishermen.
[C] The argument about the Marine Protected Area.
[D] The benefits brought by the Marine Protected Area.
B
【解析】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,本段讲述的是在过去的20年里,海龟的数量大量减少,小海龟的存活率不超过千分之一,后文应该承接此处,讲述导致海龟数量下降的原因以及海龟仍面临着来自渔民的危险。由此可推知,B项承接前文信息,符合题意。故选B。
( )4.What is the main idea of the text
[A] Fishermen of Senegal have joined together to protect sea turtles.
[B] Sea turtles in Senegal are endangered because of human activities.
[C] The situation of sea turtles in Senegal has been improved significantly.
[D] The Marine Protected Area has played an important role in protecting fishes.
A
【解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章讲述的是塞内加尔的渔民联合起来,保护海龟这一濒危物种,成为“捕食者转变为守护者”的典型案例。由此可知,A项能够概括文章主要内容,符合题意。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五(每题2.5分,共12.5分)
Every living thing depends on the ocean.So when we hear the ocean is in trouble from the effects of overfishing,climate change,and pollution,it’s easy to feel powerless.1. But there are plenty of actions you can take to make a big difference to the ocean.
E
2.
The more you learn about the ocean,the better prepared you’ll be to inspire change and help others do the same.Thankfully,there are many ways to educate yourself about the ocean and the challenges it faces,from books and documentaries to websites,museums,art exhibits,and more.
A
Check the label.
Help keep fisheries healthy by choosing sustainable seafood when you shop or dine out.3. Look for the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) labels.Their blue and green fish logos (标识) on your seafood ensure your fish can be traced back to sustainably-managed fisheries and farms.
D
Reduce your carbon emissions.
4. Decrease the effects of climate change on the ocean by cutting your carbon footprint at home: turn off the lights when you’re not using them,walk or ride your bike to work,and demand renewable energy options in your community.
F
Travel smarter.
Consider booking your next trip through a responsible travel company that’s committed to protecting wildlife and using guides who are aware of rules and best practices.Once you arrive at your destination,be respectful of marine life and habitats.And be careful about your purchases.5.
G
A.Increase your ocean IQ.
B.Skip the single-use plastics.
C.What should be done to travel responsibly
D.What’s the easiest way to make sure your seafood is sustainable
E.Many of these issues will require leadership from governments and businesses.
F.In the last decades,the ocean has absorbed 90% of the extra heat created by burning fossil fuels.
G.Purchasing items like shark products damages delicate ecosystems and threatens endangered species.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。文章通过列举具体的行动步骤,向读者说明如何为保护海洋做出贡献。
1.【解析】 根据上下文可知,前文讲述面对海洋问题,我们很容易感到无能为力,后文讲述我们可以采取行动,所以E项承接上文,并和下文构成转折关系,符合题意。故选E。
2.【解析】 设空处为本段小标题。根据后文可知,本段主要讲述了要提高自己对海洋的认识,所以A项符合本段主题,适合作为本段小标题。故选A。
3.【解析】 根据上下文可知,前文讲述购物或外出就餐时要选择可持续的海鲜,后文讲述怎么选择,所以D项承上启下,符合题意。故选D。
4.【解析】 设空位于段首,为本段中心句。根据后文可知,本段主要讲述减少碳足迹,所以F项符合本段主题,为本段中心句。故选F。
5.【解析】 根据前文可知,本段主要讲述旅游时要注意保护海洋生态,购买东西时要小心,所以G项符合本段主题,是对前文内容的举例。故选G。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每题1.5分,共15分)
Walk in the halls of an academic earth science department,and you’ll likely find 1. (show) on a wall somewhere a strikingly beautiful map of the world’s ocean floor.2. map was completed in 1977,being the first complete world map of the ocean floor and
3. (represent) the highest point of Marie Tharp’s career.It gives scientists and the public alike their first sight of 4. the sea floor looks like.
shown
The
representing
what
In the middle of the 20th century,when continental drift (大陆漂移) met with strong 5. (oppose) from many American scientists,
Tharp’s groundbreaking maps made it possible 6. the theory of plate tectonics (板块构造学) to appear.
opposition
for
Tharp began her career at a time when few women 7.
(become) scientists,but she was able to take advantage of doors opened by historical circumstances,becoming 8. (unique) qualified to make significant contributions to both science and cartography (地图绘制).
became
uniquely
In 1997,the Library of Congress named her as one of the 9.
(great) cartographers of the 20th century.She died in 2006,but countless women scientists 10. (motivate) by her spirit since then.
【语篇导读】 本文是说明文。第一张完整的世界海底地图代表了Marie Tharp职业生涯的高光,它让科学家和公众第一次看到海底是什么样子,也使得板块构造学的出现成为可能。
greatest
have been motivated
1.【解析】 考查非谓语动词。空处作非谓语,该非谓语部分被提到了被修饰词map之前,且及物动词show与map之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词表被动。故填shown。
2.【解析】 考查冠词。此处的 map特指前面提到的a strikingly beautiful map,应用定冠词the,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填The。
3.【解析】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合空前的and可知,空处与前面的being并列,都是非谓语动词作状语,且与map之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。故填 representing。
4.【解析】 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作宾语,应用what引导。故填what。
5.【解析】 考查名词。空前是形容词,所以空处应用名词作宾语,oppose的名词形式是opposition,意为“反对”,为不可数名词。故填opposition。
6.【解析】 考查介词。make it possible for sb/sth to do sth意为“使得某人/某物做某事成为可能”,为固定用法。故填for。
7.【解析】 考查动词的时态。本句是when引导的定语从句,become作从句的谓语,根据began可知,应用一般过去时。故填became。
8.【解析】 考查副词。空处修饰形容词 qualified,应用副词uniquely,意为“格外,尤其”。故填uniquely。
9.【解析】 考查形容词最高级。根据空前的one of the和语境可知,此处表示“20世纪最伟大的地图绘制家之一”,应用形容词最高级。故填greatest。
10.【解析】 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since then可知,此处应用现在完成时,but后的分句的主语countless women scientists为复数且与motivate之间是被动关系,故应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been motivated。
STEP2
语篇选词
1.be aimed at doing sth旨在做某事
2.by all means 一定,当然
3.raise one’s awareness of 提高某人……的意识
4.instead of 代替,而不是
5.set out to do sth 开始做某事
6.make a big difference to...对……产生很大的影响
7.be committed to doing sth致力于做某事
8.be aware of 意识到……
9.take advantage of 利用
STEP3
教材超链接
1.a strong passion for 对……的强烈热情
2.strengthen the bonds 加强联系
3.for the benefit of 为了……的利益
4.an urgent need to do sth 迫切需要做某事
5.in hand 在手头;可供使用
6.take action 采取行动
7.vast amounts of 大量的
STEP4
扩词成句
1.(3分)为了提高人们对海洋保护的意识,这次比赛由学生会组织,欢迎所有学生提交参赛作品。(过去分词作状语;非限制性定语从句)
Aimed at raising people’s awareness of marine conservation,this contest is organised by the Students’ Union,where all the students are welcome to submit their entries.
2.(3分)该比赛致力于让大家意识到,我们绝不能忽视海洋保护的重要性。
(同位语从句;完全倒装)
The contest is committed to making everyone aware of the fact that on no account should we ignore the significance of marine conservation.
3.(3分)我们收集了大量的数据,是时候制作一张设计精良、内容翔实的海报了。(with复合结构;虚拟语气)
With vast amounts of data collected,it’s high time that we should produce a well-designed and informative poster.
STEP5
应用文写作
(15分)假设你是学生会主席李华,你校学生会近期将举办以海洋保护为主题的英文海报设计大赛,在华交换生Freddie对此很感兴趣并写信咨询比赛的相关信息,请你给他回信,内容包括:
1.大赛目的;
2.作品要求;
3.参赛方式。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
