课件43张PPT。Unit 4 InventionsModule 2 Science and technology自主预习一、根据汉语写出英文单词
1. 广告 (n.) _________________
2. 滑稽的;好笑的 (adj.) _________________
3. 创造;创作 (v.) _________________
4. 电话;电话机 (n.) _________________
5. 使人舒服的;舒适的 (adj.) _________________
6. 世纪 (n.) _________________
7. 乘客;旅客 (n.) _________________
8. 发明;创造 (v.) _________________
9. 有用的;适用的 (adj.) _________________
10. 距离;间距 (n.) _________________
11. 在任何时候;随便什么时候 (adv.) _____________
12. 开发;研制 (v.) _________________
13. 白天;日间 (n.) _________________
14. 引言 (n.) _________________advertisementfunnycreatetelephonecomfortablecenturypassengerinventpracticaldistanceanytimedevelopdaytimeintroduction二、根据汉语写出下列词组
1. 与……保持联系 _____________________
2. 在白天 _____________________
3. 同时 _____________________
4. 自那以来 _____________________
5. 使……不接近(或远离) _____________________
6. 代替;作为……的替代 _____________________
7. 搞成一团糟 _____________________
8. 指代 _____________________keep in touch within the daytimeat the same timesince thenkeep...offinstead ofmake a messrefer to三、翻译下列句子
1. 20世纪初,汽车开始受欢迎。
___________________________________________
2. 它们使得人们可以随时、随地互相联系。
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
3. 托马斯·爱迪生在1879年研制出第一个有用的灯泡。
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
4. 有了灯泡,人们可以像白天一样在晚上做很多事情。
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
5. 有了这种眼镜,你可以同时看你的后面和前面。
___________________________________________
___________________________________________At the start of the 20th century, cars became popular. They allow people to keep in touch with each other
anytime, anywhere. Thomas Edison developed the first practical light
bulb in 1879. With light bulbs, people can do as many things in the evenings as they can in the daytime. With this pair of glasses, you can look behind and in front of you at the same time.词汇精析【1】advertisement n. an announcement in a newspaper, on television, or on a poster about something such as a product, event, or job 广告
Advertisement is often used to push the sale. 广告常常被用作商品促销的手段。
【同根词】
advertise v. 为……做广告
The company advertised goods for sale. 这家公司为推销产品而做广告。【辨析】advertisement与advertising
(1)advertisement指广告本身,比如报纸上、电视里看到的广告实体。
(2)advertising指的是做广告这件事。
You can post the advertisement of your products in newspapers. 你们可以把产品的广告刊登在报纸上。
We should consider investing more on advertising. 我们应当考虑增加广告的投入。
【应用】
(1) ______________ (advertise) can be made in many ways.
(2) ( )How many ways of are mentioned in the meeting?
A. advertise B. advertiser C. advertisingAdvertisementsC【2】funny adj. something is amusing and likely to make you smile or laugh 滑稽的;好笑的
funny的比较级: funnier,最高级: funniest。
The little boy looks very funny when he knots his eyebrows. 那个小男孩皱着眉头的样子很有趣。
【同根词】
(1)fun n. 乐趣;玩笑;有趣的人或事
It could be fun to watch them. 看他们会是乐趣。
(2)funnily adv. 有趣地;滑稽地
He rolled off his horse so ignobly and funnily that even the ambassador was fain to burst out. 他狼狈而可笑地从马上滚翻下来,甚至使得大使也不由得放声大笑。【拓展】
(1)have fun=enjoy oneself=have a good time 玩得开心
Wish you have fun learning English this term. 希望这学期你们能享受到学习英语的乐趣。
(2)make fun of=play tricks on=laugh at开某人玩笑;取笑某人
Don’t make fun of the disabled! 不要戏弄残疾人!
【应用】
(1)I’ll tell you a __________(funny) story than Lucy’s.
(2)Making ________(funny)of others is impolite.funnierfun【3】create v. to cause something exist;make 创
造;创作
create的过去式为created,过去分词为created,现在分词为creating。
You can create a website for your organization. 你可以为你们的组织创建一个网站。
【同根词】
(1)creation n. 创造物
The bathroom is entirely my own creation. 这个浴室完全是我个人的创作。
(2)creative adj. 有创造力的
Like so many creative people, he was never satisfied. 正如许多有创造力的人一样,他永不满足。【辨析】
create, invent, make, produce与design
(1)create:指有目的地把原材料制成新产品,也指创造出原来不存在的或与众不同的事物。
(2)invent:主要用于科技领域,指通过思考、研究或实验制造出新的前所未有的且极为有用的东西。
(3)make:为最普通用词,指任何东西的创作或制造。
(4)produce:指产品的生产,或作品创作的完成。
(5)design:多指艺术上的创作。
【应用】
( )The dish was ______ by our chef Jeah Richard.
A. produced B. invented C. createdC【4】 comfortable adj. feel relaxed because of the place or position 使人舒服的;舒适的
comfortable的比较级:more comfortable,最高级: (the) most comfortable。
She lives a happy and comfortable life. 她过着幸福而舒适的生活。
【同根词】
(1)comfortableness n. 舒适
(2)comfortably adv. 舒服地
(3)comfort n. 舒适;安逸 v. 安慰;使舒适
Thank you for your letter to comfort me. 谢谢你来信安慰我。【拓展】
be comfortable with 对……满意
Choose words and repeat them over and over again until you are comfortable with them. 挑选一些单词,一遍遍重复读这些单词,直到你读得顺口为止。
【应用】
The car is ________________ (comfort) than that one.more comfortable【5】century n. a hundred years 世纪
(复数:centuries)
She worked at 20th Century Fox as a film editor. 她在20世纪福克斯公司担任电影剪辑师。
【同根词】
centurial adj. 世纪的【拓展】
常用短语:
live out a century 活过一个世纪;活过百岁
half a century 半个世纪
last century 上一个世纪
modern century 当代;本世纪
next century 下世纪 present century 本世纪
previous century 前一个世纪
from...century to...century 从……世纪至……世纪
in the...century 在……世纪
over(through) the centuries 经过若干个世纪
【应用】
Some have called him the greatest entertainer two ______ (century)ago.centuries【6】invent v. to think of and make something that has never been made before by anyone 发明;创造
I don’t know who invented the television. 我不知道电视是谁发明的。
【同根词】
(1)inventor n. 发明家
Thomas Edison is a great American inventor. 托马斯·爱迪生是一位伟大的美国发明家。
(2)invention n. 发明
Fax machines were a wonderful invention at that time. 传真机在那时是一项了不起的发明。【辨析】invent与discover
(1)invent 强调通过研究,制造出以前没有的东西。
Thomas Edison invented the practical light bulb. 托马斯·爱迪生发明了实用的灯泡。
(2)discover 指发现本来存在但没人知道的事物。
The police are trying to discover the identity of the killer. 警方正努力调查杀人凶手的身份。
【应用】
( )She that they had escaped.
A. discover B. invented C. discoveredC【7】practical adj. able to be used in everyday activities and experiences; useful 有用的;适用的
Your invention is very practical. 你的发明很实用。
【同根词】
(1)practise v. 意为“练习;实践”,后面接doing sth.
She practised playing the piano in the primary school basement. 她在小学的地下室里练习弹钢琴。
(2)practice n. 意为“练习;实践”
She was taking her daughter to basketball practice every day. 她那时每天带她的女儿去进行篮球训练。
【应用】
__________ (practice) experience is often very important.Practical【8】distance n. size of the gap between two places 距离;间距
There is a long distance from his home town to his new home. 从他的家乡到他的新家距离很远。
【同根词】
distant adj. 遥远的;冷漠的
The foreign visitors came from a distant country. 这些外国游客来自一个遥远的国家。【拓展】
from a distance 从远方
at a distance 隔一段距离; 距离稍远一些
in the distance 在远处
【应用】
A smile is the shortest __________ (distance) between two people.distance【9】develop v. to design and produce something 开发,研制;grow or change over a period of time 发展
Will they develop their own machines? 他们是否将开发出自己的机器?
【同根词】
(1)development n. 发展
Development of new energy takes time. 开发新能源需要时间。
(2)developing adj. 发展中的
In the developing world, cigarette consumption is increasing. 在发展中国家,香烟的消费量正在上升。
(3)undeveloped adj. 未开发的;不发达的
Most cities of this country are undeveloped. 这个国家的大多数城市都是不发达的。【应用】
( )America is one of the most countries in the world.
A. develop
B. developing
C. developedC【10】introduction n. the part that comes at the beginning and tells you what the rest of the book or talk is about 引言
There are introductions in most books. 大多数书籍都带有引言。
【同根词】
introduce v. 介绍
I would like to introduce myself to everyone. 我想向大家介绍一下自己。【辨析】introduction to与introduction of
(1)introduction to表示向什么人作介绍。
I want to make a simple introduction to all of you. 我想向大家作一个简单的介绍。
(2)introduction of 表示关于什么的介绍。
I want to make an introduction of this kind of music. 我想向大家介绍这类音乐。
【应用】
( )Thank you for your ______ to your hotel.
A. introduct B. introduction C. introduce B【11】since then=from then on从那以来
He has written more than 10 books since then. 从那时候开始他写了十多本书。
【辨析】after that与since then
(1)after that表示在过去的某一件事以后,情况或者动作并不延续到说话时,因此句中的谓语动词要用一般过去
时。
After that he never passed any test.从那以后他任何考试都从未及格过。
(2)since then表示从过去某一时间点开始延续至说话
时,强调到目前为止一直进行的动作或者保持的状态,所以句中谓语动词一般用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。
I have been working hard since then. 从那以来我一直努力工作。【应用】
( )He came to China in 2008, and he hasn’t gone back to his country again ______.
A. since
B. since then
C. after that B【12】keep in touch with=communicate with与……保持联系
We must keep in touch with each other. 我们要互相保持联系。
【辨析】keep in touch with, be in touch with与get in touch with
(1)keep in touch with与be in touch with 相似,都是强调一种状态。
Some classmates keep/are in touch with me all the time.一些同学一直和我保持着联系。
(2)get in touch with 指的是“与……取得联系”, 强调动作。
I can’t get in touch with my old friends after my cell phone was stolen. 手机被盗后,我就无法与老朋友取得联系了。 【应用】
( )I hope that we’ll ______ our neighbours after we move away.
A. keep in touch with
B. keep up with
C. keep well withA【13】keep...off=stay/keep away from使……不接近(或不接触、远离)……
Keep off the wall,the paint is still wet. 别靠近那堵墙,上面的油漆还没干。
【拓展】keep的常用词组
keep to 沿着……走
keep in mind记住;放在心里
keep up with跟上;不落后于
keep away from (使)远离;不接近
keep one’s head保持镇静
keep in touch with与……保持联系
【应用】
( )We can often see the notice “______ the grass” in the park.
A. Keep up B. Keep out C. Keep off C【14】at the same time=in the meantime= at one time = meanwhile 同时
Don’t all speak at the same time.大家不要同时说话。
【拓展】
(1) at the same time 在句中相当于副词时,意为“同一时间”,与meanwhile可互换使用。
I am the best student in our school, at the same time/meanwhile, I am also the president of the student union. 我是我们学校最优秀的学生,同时,我也是学生会的主席。
(2) at the same time在句中相当于连词时,意为“并且”,与besides意思相近。
Besides/At the same time, I want you to promise me one thing. 此外,我要你答应我一件事。【应用】
( )Swimming is good for our health, but ______ the same time, we mustn’t forget the danger.
A. in B. at C. on B 【15】instead of =in place of代替;作为……的替换
She has come instead of her younger brother. 她代替她的弟弟过来了。
【辨析】instead of与instead
(1)instead of 是介词短语,后面接名词、代词或动名词。
I like reading instead of watching TV on weekends. 周末我喜欢看书,而不是看电视。
(2)instead 是副词,常用于连接句子。
He is ill. Let’s do it instead. 他生病了,让我们代他做吧。
【应用】
( )The old man is working on the farm. His son goes to meet the foreigner ______ him.
A. as well as B. instead C. instead of C语法梳理语法精讲一、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的形式变化
1. 规则变化:单音节词和部分双音节词,在词尾加-er 或-est。大部分双音节词和多音节词,在其前面加 more 或 most。
2. good, bad, far等词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化,其变化如下:
good/well—better—(the) best
bad/ill—worse—(the) worst
far—farther/further—(the) farthest/furthest 二、关于(not) as...as的用法
1. 基本用法
(1) as...as意为“和……一样”,基本结构为:as+adj./adv.+as,注意中间插入的是形容词或副词的原级,表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词,第二个as为连词。
This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
(2) 其否定式为not as/so+adj./adv.+as,意为“不如……一样”。
This tool is not as/so useful as you think. 这种工具不如你想象的那样有用。 (3) 用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词作修饰语,如twice, three times, half, a quarter等,须放在第一个as之前。
Your flat is twice as expensive as mine. 你的房子是我的两倍贵。
(4) 当as...as中间有名词时要用以下格式:
①as+形容词+a+单数名词+as
This is as good a hotel as the others. 这个酒店和其他的一样好。
②as+many/much+复数可数名词/不可数名词+as
I can eat as much food as you can. 我可以吃下跟你一样多的东西。 2. 习惯用法
(1)as soon as意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。
I’ll call you as soon as I finish my homework. 我一完成功课,就会给你打电话。
(2)as long as意为“长达……之久;只要……”。
She has played the computer games on the Internet as long as four hours. 她在因特网上玩游戏已经长达四个小时了。
(3)as much as意为“高达……;与……一样多”,用来表达极其多的语气。
Some of the stamps worth as much as one million yuan. 有些邮票价值百万。 3. as...as的常见句型:
(1)as...as possible尽可能……
Please call me back as soon as possible. 请尽快给我回电话。
(2)as well as也;和……一样
She sings as well as her mother does. 她歌唱得跟她母亲一样好。
(3)as long as 长达……之久;只要……(引导条件状语从句)
It took him as long as ten years to finish the painting. 他花了长达十年的时间才完成这幅画的创作。
As long as there is life, there is hope.留得生命在,不怕没希望。
(4)as far as 就……(而论);尽……;至于(表示程度或范围)
We’ll help you as far as is possible. 我们会尽可能帮你。 直击中考( )1. Many students say that if there were no exami-
nations, they should have ______ at school.
(2014白银)
A. the happiest time
B. a more happier time
C. much happiest time
D. a much happier timeD( )2. —He was chosen to be a volunteer of the Olympic Games.
—Great! No one speaks English ______ him.
(2014鄂州)
A. as beautiful as B. as badly as
C. worse than D. better than
( )3. —He is the only one who failed in the Maths exam.
—Really? You mean he studies ______. (2014白银)
A. the most careful B. the least careful
C. the most carefully D. the least carefullyDD写作乐园话题四 网上购物
【常用词组】
1. check the product 检查商品
2. the online bank 网上银行
3. be open 24 hours 24小时营业
4. steal the personal information 窃取个人信息
5. provide all kinds of choices 提供各种选择
6. traditional shopping 传统的购物方式
7. with one’s own eyes 亲眼看
8. pay online 网上付款
9. make good use of 很好地利用【精彩句型】
1. The popularity of the Internet makes our life more and more convenient. 网络的普及使得我们的生活越来越便捷。
2. Nowadays, the online shopping has become a fashion way of shopping. 现在,网上购物已经成为一种时尚的购物方式。
3. Online shopping is becoming more and more popular, but different people have different opinions.
网上购物正变得越来越流行, 但不同人持不同观点。【短文写作】
时下,网上购物已风靡全国,网上几乎可以买到你想要的一切物品,而中国网民的网上购物热情节节高涨。据官方统计,天猫(中国某大型购物网站)2014年“双十一”网购节“开场第3分钟,成交额破10亿元;第38分钟突破100亿元……”。你或你身边的亲戚朋友应该或多或少都经历过网上购物。请以“Shopping online”为题写一篇短文,谈谈你对网上购物的利与弊的认识。
要求:语意连贯,条理清晰,不少于70词。【范文赏析】
Shopping online
Online shopping is a new way of shopping. It has a lot of advantages. First, online shopping is fast and convenient, so you can save a lot of time. Second, you can buy cheaper products. Besides, you can shop whenever you like because the online shops are open 24 hours a day.
But on the other hand, it has some disadvantages. For example, while shopping, we can’t check the goods by ourselves, so we don’t know whether the quality of the goods is good or bad. What’s worse, it is not safe to pay online.
In my opinion, we should learn how to make good use of the Internet resources but we must think twice before we decide to buy goods on the Internet. 谢谢欣赏!