UNIT 5 FIRST AID
主题语境 人与社会 急救知识
背多分1 单元词汇 三维速记
主题大观念 | 掌握急救知识和技能,了解遇到紧急情况时应向谁求救,如何有效求救,培养应对突发事件和意外伤害的能力。
语言大观念 | 围绕急救知识,整合相关词汇和表达,叙述生活中运用急救知识救人的事迹。
主题情境语块 核心词词形变化
first aid for burns 烧伤急救处理
①a barrier against disease, toxins, and the sun’s rays阻挡疾病、毒素和太阳光线的屏障 ②sense of touch触觉 causes of burns烧伤原因 ③radiation n.辐射 ④electric shock触电 types of burns烧伤种类 ⑤blister n.水疱;气泡,水泡 ⑥millimetre n.毫米;千分之一米 ⑦mildly swollen微肿 ⑧damage nerves损伤神经 first-aid treatment急救处理 ⑨leaflet n.散页印刷品;传单;小册子 ⑩fabric n.织物;布料;(社会、机构等的)结构 reduce the pain and swelling缓解疼痛和肿胀 ease discomfort减轻不适 cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth用干净透气的布盖住烧伤部位 rush the victim to the hospital赶紧把患者送到医院 fall victim (to sth.)受伤;受损;被害 1.technique n.技能;技术;技艺→technical adj.技术的;技巧的;技艺的→technician n.技术员;技巧精湛者 2.organ n. (人或动植物的)器官→organic adj.器官的;器质性的;官能的 3.radiation n.辐射;放射线→radiate vi. & vt. (使热、光、能量)辐射,放射,发散 vi.自中心辐射出;向周围伸展 4.acid n.酸adj.酸的;酸性的→acidity n.酸味;酸性 5.minor adj.较小的;次要的;轻微的→minority n.少数;少数民族→major adj.主要的;主修的→majority n.大多数 6.electric adj.电的;用电的;电动的 充满刺激的;令人激动的→electrical adj.与电有关的→electricity n.电;电能 强烈的感情;激动 7.swell vi.膨胀;肿胀;充满(激情) vi. & vt. (使)增加,增大,扩大→swollen adj. (身体部位)肿起的;肿胀的→swelled/swollen/swelling (过去式/过去分词/现在分词)→swelling n.膨胀;肿胀;肿块 8.loose adj.松的;未系紧的;宽松的 不受约束 vt.松开,放开→loosen vt.松开 vi. & vt. (使)放松,变松 9.urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的;急切的→urgently adv.迫切地;急切地→urgency n.紧急情况 10.ease vi. & vt. (使)宽慰;减轻;缓解;(使)缓和;放松 n.容易;舒适;自在→unease n.不安;忧虑;挂念→easy adj.安心的;容易的;易相处→uneasy adj.不安的;不安稳的 11.wrap vt.包、裹;(用手臂等)围住→wrapped/wrapped/wrapping (过去式/过去分词/现在分词)→unwrap vt.拆开(包装)→wrapper n.外包装→wrapping n.包装材料
call emergency services 拨打紧急电话
emergencies紧急情况 ①carpet n.地毯 ②ward n.病房 ③collapse vi. (突然)倒塌;(因病等)昏倒 ④scream vi. & vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊;大声叫 n.尖叫;尖锐刺耳的声音 ⑤swallow vt. & vi.吞下;咽下 vi. (由于紧张等)做吞咽动作 vt.吞没;淹没;掩饰;抑制 ⑥get burnt烫伤/晒伤/烧伤 ⑦sprained ankle扭伤的脚踝 ⑧out of shape健康状况不好 react quickly反应迅速 ⑨waste no time争分夺秒 ⑩without delay立即 right away立刻 give first aid进行急救 IV needle静脉注射针 check vital signs检查生命体征 call 120 for the medical emergencies打急诊电话120 (China) call 911 for rescue emergencies打急救电话911 (USA) call an ambulance叫救护车 12.bath n.洗澡;浴缸;浴盆vt.给……洗澡→bathe vt.用水清洗;(以光线)撒满,覆盖;使沐浴(在光线里) vt. & vi. (给……)洗澡→bathtub n.浴缸;浴盆 13.slip vi.滑倒;滑落;溜走;陷入;退步;变差 vt.迅速放置;悄悄塞;偷偷放 vt. & vi.穿上,脱下 n.滑倒;小错误;纸条→slippery adj.滑的 14.elderly adj.年纪较大的;上了年纪的→elder adj.年纪较长的 n.年长者 15.operator n.电话接线员;操作员→operate vt.操作 vi.动手术;运转;工作 vt. & vi.经营;运营→operation n.手术;运行;运转 16.delay vi. & vt.推迟;延期(做某事) vt.耽误;耽搁 n.延误;耽搁(的时间);推迟→delayed adj.延误的;延迟的 17.drown vi. & vt. (使)淹死;溺死;浸泡;压过;淹没→drowning adj.溺水的 n.溺死→drowned adj.淹死的;水淹的 18.bleeding n.流血;失血→bleed vi.流血;失血 vt.长期榨取(某人的钱)→bled/bled (过去式/过去分词)→blood n.血;血统→bloody adj.流血的;血腥的 19.panic vi. & vt. (使)惊慌 n.惊恐;恐慌→panicked/panicked/panicking (过去式/过去分词/现在分词)→panicky adj.惊慌的 20.sprain vt.扭伤(关节) n.扭伤→sprained adj.扭伤的 21.mosquito n.蚊子→mosquitoes/mosquitos (pl.)
first-aid techniques 急救技能
rescue a drowning victim营救溺水者 ①lay the victim on his back让溺水者仰面躺下→check to see if he is breathing检查是否呼吸→check for a response检查反应→lift up his chin抬起下巴→slap the victim’s back拍打溺水者背部→cough out the water咳出水→perform mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing做人工呼吸→blow air in吹入空气→perform CPR做心肺复苏术 choking噎食→perform the Heimlich manoeuvre实施海姆立克急救法 ②help the victim to his feet扶噎食者站起来→stand behind him站在他身后→wrap your arms around his waist双臂环抱其腰部→place a fist in the upper part of his stomach握拳置于其上腹部→grab one’s fist with the other hand tightly另一只手紧紧抓住拳头→push up and into his stomach in one motion快速用力向上往胃里挤压→force out the obstruction排出异物→face up/down面朝上/朝下 ③sleep in迟起;睡过头;睡懒觉 ④look after one another’s welfare关心彼此的幸福 22.interrupt vi. & vt.打断;打扰 vt.使暂停;使中断→interruption n.打断;打扰;暂停;中断→interrupted adj.打断的 23.fellow adj.同类的;同事的;同伴的;同情况的 n.男人;家伙;同事;同辈;同类→fellowship n.伙伴关系;友谊;交情 24.diner n. (尤指餐馆的)就餐者→dine vi.进餐;用饭 25.choke vi. & vt. (使)窒息;(使)哽咽 vt.阻塞,塞满→choked adj.哽咽的→choking adj.令人窒息的,透不过气的 26.desperate adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的→desperately adv.绝望地;孤注一掷地→desperation n.绝望;拼命 27.practical adj.切实可行的;实际的;实践的→impractical adj.不现实的→practically adv.几乎;实际地→practice n. & v.练习;实践 28.tight adj.牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的 adv.紧紧地;牢固地→tightly adv.紧紧地;紧密地;严格地→tighten vt. & vi. (使)变紧,更加牢固 vt.加强 29.motion n.运动;移动;动作 提议 vi. & vt.(以头或手)做动作,示意→motionless adj.静止的;一动不动的 30.justify vt.证明……有道理;为……辩护;是……的正当理由→just adj.公正的;正义的→justice n.公正;正义;公道 31.foggy adj.有雾的;雾茫茫的→fog n.雾 vt.使困惑;使混淆不清 32.suburb n.郊区;城外→suburban adj.郊区的;城外的→urban adj.城市的;都市的;城镇的 33.membership n.会员身份;全体会员;会员人数→member n.会员 34.manual n.使用手册;说明书 adj.用手的;手工的;体力的;手控的→manually adv.手动地;用手 35.grab vt.抓住;攫取;利用 取,拿,吃,喝;吸引 n.抓取;抢夺→grabbed/grabbed/grabbing (过去式/过去分词/现在分词) 36.slap vt. (用手掌)打,拍 n. (用手掌)打,拍;拍击声→slapped/slapped/slapping (过去式/过去分词/现在分词)
36篇美文助记新课标3 000词汇
Feeling that she was getting out of shape, Nancy was desperate to exercise. So she got a gym membership near her home, and went there by bike. One morning she slept in and it was foggy outside. When turning onto a side road in the suburbs, she found herself in the dark. Then without warning, her bike hit a rock, throwing her to the ground, face down. She screamed in pain and lay motionless for a while. Fortunately, an elderly fellow stopped and grabbed her tightly by the arm. Helped to her feet, she found her left ankle sprained and swollen. Her right leg was cut and bleeding. She panicked, but the fellow wasted no time and called an ambulance without delay. Then he washed her cut with some bottled water, wrapped it with a loose clean cloth, easing her discomfort. She swallowed her fear, and thanked him for his practical first-aid techniques in a choked voice. Soon the ambulance came, and she was urgently taken to hospital.
背多分2 单元重点 语境背记
ease vi.& vt. ①(使)宽慰 ②减轻;缓解 alleviate ③(使)缓和,放松 relax
n. ④|U|容易 ⑤舒适;自在
1)ease sb.’s mind使某人宽慰 ease the pain/pressure/stress/burden减轻疼痛/压力/负担 2)with ease轻易地;毫不费力地 at ease舒适;自由自在;无拘无束 feel/look at ease感到/看上去放松 put/set sb. at (their) ease使舒适;使自在 ①Through the Internet, we can obtain a large quantity of English learning materials with ease.我们可以通过互联网轻松地获得大量英语学习资料。(2022·全国乙卷短文) ②A gentle smile danced around the corners of her mouth, making us feel ________ ease/putting us ________ ease.她的嘴角露出一抹温柔的笑意,使我们放松下来。(续写神态描写)
delay vi.& vt. ①推迟;延期(做某事) vt. ②耽误;耽搁 hold up n. ③|C| 延误;耽搁(的时间) ④|U,C|推迟
1)delay (doing) sth.推迟/延误(做)某事 delay sb.耽搁某人 2)without delay立即 a delay in ...……的延误/耽搁 A thick cloud of smoke greeted him, so he rushed out of the house ________ delay.一股浓烟向他扑来,他毫不迟疑地冲出了屋子。(续写动作描写)
panic vi.& vt. (使)惊慌 (panicked; panicked; panicking) n. |C,U|惊恐;恐慌 fear
1)panic sb. into doing sth.使仓惶行事;使仓促行动 panic at/about/over ...因……惊慌 2)in panic惊慌失措地(状态) in a state of panic一片恐慌 get into a panic惊慌失措(动作) ①Panic consumed/seized her./She ________ (panic). She felt the blood in her body froze rapidly.她惊慌失措,感觉身体的血液迅速地凝固了起来。(续写情感描写) ②Everyone started laughing. I looked at them ________ panic.大家开始笑了起来。我惊慌失措地看着他们。(续写情感描写)
desperate adj. 绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的
1)be desperate for sth.非常需要某物 be desperate to do sth.极想做某事 in desperation绝望地;不顾一切地 2)其他表“渴望某物/做某事”的表达 be anxious for sth./to do sth. be eager for sth./to do sth. be dying for sth./to do sth. long for sth./to do sth. desire for sth./to do sth. ①The door slid open, and I hurried into the elevator, desperate to escape.门开了,我赶快进了电梯,急于逃走。(续写情感描写) ②She felt ________ (desperate) tired, and her spirits sank.她感到筋疲力尽,情绪低落。 ③He cleared his throat and looked around in desperation to know how to begin.他清清嗓子,绝望地环顾四周,想知道如何开始。 ④My father’s reaction astonished me. I was anxious to know how he could be so calm.父亲的反应让我很惊讶,我想知道他怎么能如此镇静。(续写情感描写)
①________ (luck), Chen had learnt ②________ to give first aid in school. Seeing Zhang ③________ (choke), he remained calm and reacted ④________ (immediate). Chen later ⑤________ (say) about the incident, “How could I justify ⑥________ (sit) there and doing nothing We are all humans ⑦________ we all have a responsibility ⑧________ (look) after one another’s welfare.”
教材优美片段再练背
短语1stand by 站在一边;袖手旁观;做好准备
1)stand sth./doing sth.忍受(做)某事 stand a chance of doing有机会做 stand the test of time经得起时间的考验 stand at达到特定水平/数量/高度等 stand as作为 2)stand for代表;支持;主张 stand out (as)出色;杰出 stand out (from/against)显眼;突出 stand up to能承受;耐(……) stand up to sb.勇敢反对某人 stand up for维护;支持 ①Peking Opera has really stood the test of time, so I can’t stand people ignoring it.京剧确实经受了时间的考验,因此我受不了人们忽略京剧。(短文) ②The snow-capped mountain stood out against the blue sky.白雪覆盖的大山在蓝天的映衬下很醒目。 ③Obviously he thought nobody stood a chance of reaching them here in a storm to deliver mail.看得出他认为在这样暴风雨的天气,是不会有人冒雨来送信的。 ④It takes a great deal of bravery to stand up to our enemies, but just as much to stand up to our friends.对付敌人我们需要超人的胆量,而要在朋友面前坚持自己的立场,同样也需要很大的勇气。
短语2help sb. to one’s feet 扶某人站起身来 pull sb. to one’s feet
jump/leap/spring to one’s feet跳起来 get/rise to/be on one’s feet站起来 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来 stand on one’s own feet自立,经济上独立 stamp one’s foot/feet跺脚 set foot on/in进入;踏上 on foot步行 ①The boy slipped Oliver’s arm through his and helped him to his feet.男孩挽住奥利弗的胳膊扶他站了起来。 ②He got to his feet, trembling.他从地上站起来,浑身发抖。 ③With a smile, he rose to his feet, went straight to the window and pushed it open.他微笑着起身,径直走到窗前,用力推开窗户。 ④He sprang to his feet, vivid with excitement.他猛地跳了起来,异常激动。
短语3out of shape 健康状况不好;变形
1)in the shape of ...呈……的形状 in shape健康状况好,在形状上 in good/bad shape身体健康/不健康;状态好/不好 take shape使成形;形成,有了模样 2)shape sth.影响/决定某物 be shaped like ...形状像…… ①For my birthday, my mother baked me a cake ________ the shape of/________ (shape) like a monkey.我生日的时候,妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。(日记) ②It’s not what we do in a while that ________ (shape) our lives, but what we do consistently.不是我们一时所做的事而是我们一贯所做的事影响了我们的一生。(续写主旨升华)
句式unless引导条件状语从句
Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 除非你看到布料粘在烧焦的皮肤上,否则要把衣服脱掉,如有需要,用剪刀。
1)连词unless相当于if not,意为“除非;如果不”,引导条件状语从句。 2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表将来,主句用一般将来时。 3)含unless引导的条件状语从句的复合句中,如果主句与从句的主语一致,且从句中有be动词,可省略从句中的主语和be动词。 ①No child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult.除非有大人陪同,小孩白天不得离开学校。 ②We are all afraid of the unknown. But how can we be sure that something won’t be enjoyable unless we give it a shot 我们都害怕未知。但如果不去尝试,我们又怎么能确定某件事不是令人愉快的 (续写主旨升华)
背多分3 续写素材 场景练背
——动作描写之shoulder “动肩膀”
名词 ①with broad shoulders宽肩; ②sb.’s shoulders shake某人肩膀颤抖; ③look/glance over one’s shoulder回头看; ④shrug one’s shoulders耸肩; ⑤tap/pat sb. on the shoulder/give sb. a pat/tap on the shoulder拍某人的肩膀; ⑥straighten one’s shoulders挺直肩膀; ⑦shoulder to shoulder肩并肩地;紧挨着
动词 ①shoulder用肩推;用肩顶; ②shoulder one’s way through从……中挤过去; ③shoulder sb. aside一膀子把某人推到一边; ④shoulder out挤出去
用表“动肩膀”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景51 主题“善行互助”——遇困被助时的 shoulder “动肩膀”
I was confused at first, but their concerned expressions and smiles made it clear that they wanted to help me find the problem with my car. After showing them the engine, I sat in my car, turned the key, and heard the disappointing sound of the engine failing to start. I ①________________________________________ (无奈地耸耸肩) to the people outside. Suddenly, a man ②________________________________________ (挤过人群), inspected the engine carefully and made some adjustments. He then turned to me and said in a reassuring tone, “It’s okay now. You can start the car.”
微场景52 主题“个人成长”——鼓励别人时的shoulder “动肩膀”
③________________________________________ (她轻轻拍拍我的肩膀). “I know what you want, Karina,” she said, “but your group needs you. I need you to help them get a passing grade on this assignment. Only you can help them.” I was stunned. I was confused. I was amazed. She had seen something in me I hadn’t seen.
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
背多分2
1.②at; at 2.without 3.①panicked ②in 4.②desperately 7.①in; shaped ②shapes
教材优美片段再练背
①Luckily ②how ③choking ④immediately ⑤said ⑥sitting ⑦and ⑧to look
背多分3
①shrugged my shoulders in frustration ②shouldered his way through the crowd ③She gently tapped me on the shoulder(共49张PPT)
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
主题语境 人与社会 急救知识
选择性必修 第二册
背多分1 单元词汇 三维速记
主题大观念 | 掌握急救知识和技能，了解遇到紧急情况时应向谁求 救，如何有效求救，培养应对突发事件和意外伤害的能力。
语言大观念 | 围绕急救知识，整合相关词汇和表达，叙述生活中运用急救知识救人的事迹。
①a barrier against disease, toxins, and the sun’s rays 阻挡疾病、毒素和太阳光线的屏障
②sense of touch 触觉
causes of burns 烧伤原因
③radiation n. 辐射
④electric shock 触电
first aid for burns 烧伤急救处理
主题情境语块
types of burns 烧伤种类
⑤blister n. 水疱；气泡，水泡
⑥millimetre n. 毫米；千分之一米
⑦mildly swollen 微肿
⑧damage nerves 损伤神经
first aid for burns 烧伤急救处理
主题情境语块
first aid for burns 烧伤急救处理
主题情境语块
first aid for burns 烧伤急救处理
核心词词形变化
first aid for burns 烧伤急救处理
核心词词形变化
first aid for burns 烧伤急救处理
核心词词形变化
first aid for burns 烧伤急救处理
核心词词形变化
emergencies 紧急情况
①carpet n. 地毯
②ward n.病房
③collapse vi. (突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒
④scream vi. & vt. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫 n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音
call emergency services 拨打紧急电话
主题情境语块
⑤swallow vt. & vi. 吞下；咽下 vi. (由于紧张等)做吞咽动作 vt. 吞没；淹没；掩饰；抑制
⑥get burnt 烫伤/晒伤/烧伤
⑦sprained ankle 扭伤的脚踝
⑧out of shape 健康状况不好
call emergency services 拨打紧急电话
主题情境语块
call emergency services 拨打紧急电话
主题情境语块
call emergency services 拨打紧急电话
主题情境语块
call emergency services 拨打紧急电话
核心词词形变化
call emergency services 拨打紧急电话
核心词词形变化
call emergency services 拨打紧急电话
核心词词形变化
rescue a drowning victim 营救溺水者
①lay the victim on his back 让溺水者仰面躺下→check to see if he is breathing 检查是否呼吸→check for a response 检查反应→lift up his chin 抬起下巴→slap the victim’s back 拍打溺水者背部→cough out the water 咳出水→perform mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing 做人工呼吸→blow air in 吹入空气→perform CPR 做心肺复苏术
first-aid techniques 急救技能
主题情境语块
choking 噎食→perform the Heimlich manoeuvre 实施海姆立克急救法
②help the victim to his feet 扶噎食者站起来→stand behind him 站在他身后→wrap your arms around his waist 双臂环抱其腰部→place a fist in the upper part of his stomach 握拳置于其上腹部→grab one’s fist with the other hand tightly 另一只手紧紧抓住拳头→push up and into his stomach in one motion 快速用力向上往胃里挤压→force out the obstruction 排出异物→face up/down 面朝上/朝下
③sleep in 迟起；睡过头；睡懒觉
④look after one another’s welfare 关心彼此的幸福
first-aid techniques 急救技能
主题情境语块
first-aid techniques 急救技能
核心词词形变化
first-aid techniques 急救技能
核心词词形变化
first-aid techniques 急救技能
核心词词形变化
first-aid techniques 急救技能
核心词词形变化
Feeling that she was getting out of shape, Nancy was desperate to exercise. So she got a gym membership near her home, and went there by bike. One morning she slept in and it was foggy outside. When turning onto a side road in the suburbs, she found herself in the dark. Then without warning, her bike hit a rock, throwing her to the ground, face down. She screamed in pain and lay motionless for a while. Fortunately, an elderly fellow stopped and grabbed her tightly by the arm. Helped to
her feet, she found her left ankle sprained and swollen. Her right leg was cut and bleeding. She panicked, but the fellow wasted no time and called an ambulance without delay. Then he washed her cut with some bottled water, wrapped it with a loose clean cloth, easing her discomfort. She swallowed her fear, and thanked him for his practical first-aid techniques in a choked voice. Soon the ambulance came, and she was urgently taken to hospital.
背多分2 单元重点 语境背记
①Through the Internet, we can obtain a large quantity of English learning materials with ease. 我们可以通过互联网轻松地获得大量英语学习资料。(2022·全国乙卷短文)
②A gentle smile danced around the corners of her mouth, making us feel ________ ease/putting us ________ ease. 她的嘴角露出一抹温柔的笑意，使我们放松下来。(续写神态描写)
at
at
without
①Panic consumed/seized her./She __________ (panic). She felt the blood in her body froze rapidly. 她惊慌失措，感觉身体的血液迅速地凝固了起来。(续写情感描写)
②Everyone started laughing. I looked at them ________ panic. 大家开始笑了起来。我惊慌失措地看着他们。(续写情感描写)
panicked
in
4.desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的
1)be desperate for sth. 非常需要某物
be desperate to do sth. 极想做某事
in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地
2)其他表“渴望某物/做某事”的表达
be anxious for sth./to do sth.
be eager for sth./to do sth.
be dying for sth./to do sth.
long for sth./to do sth.
desire for sth./to do sth.
①The door slid open, and I hurried into the elevator, desperate to escape. 门开了，我赶快进了电梯，急于逃走。(续写情感描写)
②She felt _____________ (desperate) tired, and her spirits sank. 她感到筋疲力尽，情绪低落。
③He cleared his throat and looked around in desperation to know how to begin. 他清清嗓子，绝望地环顾四周，想知道如何开始。
④My father’s reaction astonished me. I was anxious to know how he could be so calm. 父亲的反应让我很惊讶，我想知道他怎么能如此镇静。(续写情感描写)
desperately
①________ (luck), Chen had learnt ②________ to give first aid in school. Seeing Zhang ③________ (choke), he remained calm and reacted ④____________ (immediate). Chen later ⑤________ (say) about the incident, “How could I justify ⑥________ (sit) there and doing nothing We are all humans ⑦________ we all have a responsibility ⑧________ (look) after one another’s welfare.”
Luckily
how
choking
immediately
said
sitting
and
to look
5.短语1 stand by 站在一边；袖手旁观；做好准备
1)stand sth./doing sth. 忍受(做)某事
stand a chance of doing 有机会做
stand the test of time 经得起时间的考验
stand at 达到特定水平/数量/高度等
stand as 作为
2)stand for 代表；支持；主张
stand out (as) 出色；杰出
stand out (from/against) 显眼；突出
stand up to 能承受；耐(……)
stand up to sb. 勇敢反对某人
stand up for 维护；支持
①Peking Opera has really stood the test of time, so I can’t stand people ignoring it. 京剧确实经受了时间的考验，因此我受不了人们忽略京 剧。(短文)
②The snow-capped mountain stood out against the blue sky. 白雪覆盖的大山在蓝天的映衬下很醒目。
③Obviously he thought nobody stood a chance of reaching them here in a storm to deliver mail. 看得出他认为在这样暴风雨的天气，是不会有人冒雨来送信的。
④It takes a great deal of bravery to stand up to our enemies, but just as much to stand up to our friends. 对付敌人我们需要超人的胆量，而要在朋友面前坚持自己的立场，同样也需要很大的勇气。
①The boy slipped Oliver’s arm through his and helped him to his feet. 男孩挽住奥利弗的胳膊扶他站了起来。
②He got to his feet, trembling. 他从地上站起来，浑身发抖。
③With a smile, he rose to his feet, went straight to the window and pushed it open. 他微笑着起身，径直走到窗前，用力推开窗户。
④He sprang to his feet, vivid with excitement.他猛地跳了起来，异常激动。
7.短语3out of shape 健康状况不好；变形
1)in the shape of ... 呈……的形状
in shape 健康状况好，在形状上
in good/bad shape 身体健康/不健康；状态好/不好
take shape 使成形；形成，有了模样
2)shape sth. 影响/决定某物
be shaped like ... 形状像……
①For my birthday, my mother baked me a cake ________ the shape of/________ (shape) like a monkey. 我生日的时候，妈妈给我烤了一个猴子形状的蛋糕。(日记)
②It’s not what we do in a while that ________ (shape) our lives, but what we do consistently. 不是我们一时所做的事而是我们一贯所做的事影响了我们的一生。(续写主旨升华)
in
shaped
shapes
8.句式unless引导条件状语从句
Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 除非你看到布料粘在烧焦的皮肤 上，否则要把衣服脱掉，如有需要，用剪刀。
1)连词unless相当于if not，意为“除非;如果不”，引导条件状语从句。
2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表将来，主句用一般将来时。
3)含unless引导的条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句与从句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
①No child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, unless accompanied by an adult. 除非有大人陪同，小孩白天不得离开学校。
②We are all afraid of the unknown. But how can we be sure that something won’t be enjoyable unless we give it a shot 我们都害怕未 知。但如果不去尝试，我们又怎么能确定某件事不是令人愉快的 (续写主旨升华)
背多分3 续写素材 场景练背
——动作描写之shoulder “动肩膀”
名词 ①with broad shoulders宽肩； ②sb.’s shoulders shake某人肩膀颤抖； ③look/glance over one’s shoulder回头看； ④shrug one’s shoulders耸肩； ⑤tap/pat sb. on the shoulder/give sb. a pat/tap on the shoulder拍某人的肩膀； ⑥straighten one’s shoulders挺直肩膀； ⑦shoulder to shoulder肩并肩地；紧挨着
动词 ①shoulder用肩推；用肩顶； ②shoulder one’s way through从……中挤过去； ③shoulder sb. aside一膀子把某人推到一边； ④shoulder out挤出去
用表“动肩膀”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵
微场景51 主题“善行互助”——遇困被助时的 shoulder “动肩膀”
I was confused at first, but their concerned expressions and smiles made it clear that they wanted to help me find the problem with my car. After showing them the engine, I sat in my car, turned the key, and heard the disappointing sound of the engine failing to start. I ①________________ _______________________ (无奈地耸耸肩) to the people outside.
shrugged my shoulders in frustration
Suddenly, a man ②________________________________________ (挤过人群), inspected the engine carefully and made some adjustments. He then turned to me and said in a reassuring tone, “It’s okay now. You can start the car.”
shouldered his way through the crowd
微场景52 主题“个人成长”——鼓励别人时的shoulder “动肩膀”
③________________________________________ (她轻轻拍拍我的肩膀). “I know what you want, Karina，” she said, “but your group needs you. I need you to help them get a passing grade on this assignment. Only you can help them.” I was stunned. I was confused. I was amazed. She had seen something in me I hadn’t seen.
She gently tapped me on the shoulder
