人教课标版BOOK8 Unit2 Cloning

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人教课标版英语 Book 8 Unit2 Cloning. 同步训练
一、选择题
1、I’ve lived in New York and Chicago，but don’t likeof them very much.
A.eitherB.anyC.eachD.another
答案：A
解析：句意：我在纽约和芝加哥走住过，但我对这两座城市都不喜欢。根据New York and Chicago判断是两座尘世，有句意判断是全部否定，对两者的否定用neither或者not……either。
点评：本题考查代词。
2、I have no ideathe cell phone isn’t working，so could you fix it for me
A.whatB.whyC.ifD.which
答案：B
解析：句意：我不知道这部手机为什么不能用了，你能帮我修理一下吗啊？根据“so could you fix it for me “判断此处用why引导的从句作idea的同位语。
点评：考查名词性从句。
3、The only way tosucceed at thehighest level is to have total beliefyou are better than anyone else on the sports field.
A.howB.thatC.whichD.whether
答案：B
解析：句意：在运动场上，通向最高水平成功的唯一方式就是要有强大的自信，相信自己比其他人都更好。Belief一词后面跟的是同位语，来补充说明belief的具体内涵。
点评：考查同位语。
4、It was a real racetime to get the project done.Luckiky，we made it.
A.over B.by C. for D.against
答案：D
解析：against对抗，反抗；over在……上方，遍及；by靠近，通过，经由；for（表示对象、用途等）给，对，供；为了，关于。此句应为：a real race against time与时间赛跑。
点评：考查介词的用法。
5、Whlie intelligent people can oftenthe complex,a fool is more likely to complicate the simple.
A.sacrificeB.substituteC.simplifyD.survive
答案：C
解析：Simplify“简单，使单纯，使简易”； sacrifice“牺牲，贡献”; substitute“代替，替补”；survive“幸存，活下来”。此处是指聪明人经常把复杂的事情简单化，所以选C。
点评：考查动词的辨析。
6、Don’t speak in sucha manner，you‘ll get into trouble.
A．thatB.or C.as if D.and
答案：B
解析：句意：不要用那种方式说话，否则你会陷入麻烦的。两个句子之间是转折关系，所以选择or，否则。
点评：考查or还可以表示一种否定的条件 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / )。
7、-How about paying a visit to MrRichatdon，our former history teacher
-Good idea.I will e-mail him today so beknowto expct us.
A.shall;whyB.may;whenC.would;whyD.will;how
答案：B
解析：句意：“我们去看看我们以前的历史老师怎么样？”“好主意！我先给他发封邮件这样他就可以知道说明时候接我们了。本题的关键在第二空，这里是指时间。may用在so、so that、in order that后常表目的。“我”给他发封 e-mail，这样他就可以知道什么时候接我们了，所以选择C。
点评：考查may的用法，may用在so、so that、in order that后常表目的。
8、She ought to stop working—she has a headache because shetoo long.
A.has been reading B.hasread C.is reading D.read
答案：A
解析：本题A、B两项不好区分，这是难点所在。由She ought to stop working可知，她仍然在工作，强调动作对目前的影响并且仍在继续，用现在完成进行时。
点评：考查现在完成进行时。
9、It was not until darkhe foundhe thought was the correct way tosolve the problem.
A.that；what B.that；that C.when；what D.when；that
答案：A
解析：第一个空考查的是强句型，第二个空考查的是由what引导的宾语从句，且what在宾语从句中又引导了一个小主语从句。
点评：考查宾语从句。
10、—Did you meet with the famous space hero，Nie Hai Sheng.
—I had come here earlier.
A.If only B.If not C.Butfor D.For fear
答案：A
解析：If only是固定短语，意思是“要是……就好了”;If not 意思是如果不”；But for 意思是“要不是”；For fear意思是“唯恐”
点评：考查宾语从句。
11、He obviously quite embarrassed about it because he ________me to tell anyone.
A．prevented B．kept C．permitted D．forbade
答案：D
解析：句意：很明显，他对这件事感到非常尴尬，因为他不许我把这件事告诉任何人。forbid sb to do sth意为“禁止某人做某事”，这与embarrassed相吻合。而prevent/keep sb from doing sth与题干不搭配；permit与提供的语境相矛盾。
点评：本题考查句型结构的运用。
12、Don’t you know，my dear friend，it is your money not you that she loves
A. who B. which C. that D. what
答案：C
解析：my dear friend是插入语,不干涉其他句子成分关系.因此,这是know的选择宾语从句的先行词that,而不能用定语从句的先行词a.whob.which ,更不能用what.这个宾语从句已经有it这个形式主语,what会导致它的句子成分与it重叠.
点评：考查宾语从句，宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid, sure, glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句
13、They are teachers and don’t realize _______ to start and run a company.
A．what takes it B．what they take
C．what they take D．what they take
答案：D
解析：宾语从句中的语序按正常顺序排列应该是it takes what to start and run a company。it在宾语从句中充当形式主语。to start and run...是真正的主语，what在从句中作宾语。
点评：考查状语从句，状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
14、Someone is ringing the doorbell，Go and see.
A.who is heB.who he isC.who is itD.who it is
答案：D
解析：宾语从句的语序要用陈述语序.如果不清楚所谈到的那个人是男是女时,要用it来代替. it作人称代词,用来指代身份和性别等不明确的人。
点评：考查宾语从句和人称代词，人称代词是替代我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们、她们、它们等人称的词。人称代词分为主格和宾格形式，并有人称的单复数形式。按所替代人称的不同分为第一人称、第二人称和第三人称。
15、Our house is on the top of the hill，and in winter thewinds ______ be pretty cold.
A. must B. ought to C. can D. need
答案：C
解析：句意：我们的房子在山顶上，冬天会很冷。must表示主观意志，need既可用作情态动词，也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时，主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时，可用于各种句式。
点评：考查对情态动词的理解，情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。
二、完型填空
16、完型填空
Peter and Paul had got permission from their parents to camp in a field close to their
farm.But,being adventurous boys,they knew it would be more 1 to camp in the woods
that lay beyond the river.Excitedly,the boys 2 with their tent and food.
Carrying their heavy 3 ,the two brothers walked along the riverbank,hardly noticing
the distance or the sun beating down.They were eager to reach their 4 before lunchtime.
As they entered the cool,shadowywoods,they began to search for a suitable camping spot.
Peter wanted to 5 close to the river at the edge of the woods, 6 Paul,who was older,
insisted that they camp further away. 7 ,Peter followed his brother deeper into the 8 .
"This really is a wonderful setting!" said Paul in excitement.They 9 their tent,and settled
down to eat the sandwiches they had made,then decided to find their way 10 to the river
to catch some fish.
"Are you sure that this is the right 11 " whispered Peter shakily."I'm sure we passed that
hollow tree just a while ago." Paul walked 12 silently."Look,there it is again.We'relost,aren't
we " complained Peter.Paul had to admit that he didn't know where they were. 13 ,they were
a long distance from where they were 14 to be.They were not even 15 of where they had
set up their camp.They set in 16 for a few minutes until Peter had a bright idea."Why don't we
look for clues(线索)the way that trackers 17 in the movies We weren't careful about how we
walked,so I'm sure we would have left 18 some broken tree branches and leaves."
Carefully,the boys 19 the marks that they had left,until finally they found their campsite.
Hurriedly,they packed their belongings and set off 20 the direction of the river.
What would their parents think of their adventure
（1）A.surprising B.exciting C.annoying D.frightening
答案：B
（2）A.went round B.went back C.went away D.went through
答案：C
（3）A.load B.tent C.food D.went through
答案：A
（4）A.grassland B.destination C.field D.storage
答案：B
（5）A.live B.lie C.waitD.river D.stay
答案：D
（6）A.but B.and C.or D.so
答案：A
（7）A.UnconsciouslyB.UnfortunatelyC.Unwillingly D.Uninterestingly
答案：C
（8）A.woods B.farm C.setting D.camp
答案：A
（9）A.put off B.put on C.put down D.put up
答案：D
（10）A.forward B.near C.back D.further
答案：C
（11）A.place B.mark C.way D.time
答案：C
（12）A.alone B.about C.in D.on
答案：D
（13）A.After all B.At last C.Above all D.At first
答案：A
（14）A.discoveredB.encouraged C.persuaded D.supposed
答案： D
（15）A.afraid B.sure C.informed D.reminded
答案：B
（16）A.enjoyment B.satisfactionC.disappointmentD.imagination
答案：C
（17）A.appear B.do C.work D.behave
答案：B
（18）A.behind B.out C.aside D.around
答案：A
（19）A.fetched B.watched C.followed D.collected
答案：C
（20）A.for B.to C.at D.in
答案：D　
解析：文章大意：讲述了两个喜欢冒险的男孩去打森林里宿营后迷了路，最后通过留下来的痕迹找到宿营的地方的一段经历。整个故事娓娓道来，叙述非常清晰，易于把握的文章。（1）由后面的Excitedly可知他们的心情是exciting ，激动的；（2）went away，go away离开了；（3）根据上段的tent and food可知选load，一车货物。（4）reach their destination到达了目的地。（5）stay close to….靠近……而居；（6）but表示转折；（7）由上句的but可知，哥哥paul并不想住河边，所以后面选择Unwillgly不情愿；（8）由前空提示woods可知；（9）put up 搭起，put off 推迟，put on穿上，put down放下；（10）find one’s way back找回来的路；（11）the right way 正确的路、正确的方向；（12）walk on 继续往前走；（13）After all 毕竟；（14）be supposed to be 应当是；（15）be sure of 确信；（16）迷路了一时也想不出办法所以就失望的disappointment就地而席了;(17)do替代主语look for；（18）leavesthbelind遗留；（19）follow跟随；（20）in the direction of 朝着….方向。
点评：这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
三、阅读理解
17、阅读理解
Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank ) lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.
The first kind of loneliness is temporary. This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind situational loneliness is a natural result of a particular situation. For example, a family problem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank ), the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.
The third kind of loneliness is the most ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank ) severe. Unlike the second type chronic（长期的）loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank )s socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person’s social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank ). We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank ), our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities.
However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank ) have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons; they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be a normal, healthy ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank ) part of life, chronic loneliness can be a very ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank ) sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.
（1）How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage
A. Talk to friends. B. Just ignore it.
C. Go to see a doctor. D. Ask your teachers for guidance.
答案：B
（2）The underlined word“it” in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to ______.
A. temporary loneliness B. situational loneliness
C. a new place D. sleeplessness
答案：B
（3） Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people
A. Chronic loneliness can cause family problem ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank )s.
B. Chronic loneliness can cause serious illness.
C. Chronic loneliness cannot be overcome.
D. A, B, and C are all correct.
答案：B
（4） What is the best title for the passage
A. Three Kinds of Loneliness. B. Loneliness and Diseases.
C. Loneliness and Social Contacts. D. Chronic Loneliness.
答案：A
解析：（1）细节理解，从文章的第二段开头可知道，这种暂时的孤独很快就会消失，不需要任何特别的关心。（2）猜测词义，根据it所在的句子的前后意思可推测，此处讲的是第二种孤独。（3）细节理解题，根据最后段可判断科学家们正在想办法来帮助长期孤独的人，原因有2个：一时他们不快乐也不能适应社会生活；二是这种长期性的孤独与疾病有一定的关联。（4）主旨大意题，本文只要讲3种孤独。
点评：这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
18、阅读理解
Dear Dr Bamford，
I know you are a famous scientist who has done great work on cloning animals，Please excuse me for writing to you，but I need your help.Let me explain.
I am a 58-year-old man. I'm very rich. I live in a large house. My wife died three years ago; we didn't have children.
So,am I lonely No,because Cindy is with me.Every night we eat dinner together and watch TV.Cindy sits beside me and I feel very happy.I’m fascinated (着迷的) with her beautiful green eyes.She’s also very smart.Sometimes she thinks only about herself.But that’s what I like about her.She is quite a beautiful Siamese cat.There is no other cat like her in the whole world.
These days I worry about losing Cindy.She is getting older and older.Cats don’t live so long as humans,ofcourse,so she will die before I do.I cannot imagine my life without Cindy.
Well,why not get another cat after Cindy dies Impossible!No other cat ever replace(替代)her.I have been thinking about this:CloneCindy.Scientists are able to clone sheep and mice and other animals.
I have been thinking about this: Clone Cindy. Scientists are able to clone sheep and mice and other animals.They should be able to clone cats without much difficulty. Luckily, I am a rich man. I don't care how much money I will spend cloning Cindy. I think it’s Ok to clone pets. It's not cloning humans.
What do you think Could you clone Cindy Looking forward to your early reply。
Sincerely
A rich man
(1)Which of the following statements about Cindy is true？
A. Cindy is now the writer’s new wife.
B. The writer doesn’t like Cindy because she’s selfish.
C. The writerenjoys his life with the accompany of a cat，Cindy.
D. Cindy is the best cat in the world
答案：C
（2）The underlined word “coaxed” is closest in meaning is
A.familarB.charmedC.popularD.bored
答案：B
(3)The writer has written the letter to Dr Bamford to
A.ask for a copy of his favorite pet cat
B.complain about a cloned cat
C.warmDr Bamford of the dangers of cloning animals
D.discuss with Dr Bamford the legality of cloning humans
答案：A
（4）We can infer from the letter thatis not permited nowadays.
A.Cloninganimals B.cloning humans C.cloning pets D.cloning cats
答案：B
(5) The writer believes his request reasonable beacause
A.he is a rich man and he doesn’ t care how much it’ll cost
B. Dr Bamford is famous scientist in the field of cloning animals
C.cloning animals as well as humans can be done without much difficulty
D.cloning cats is not difficult and he can afford it
答案：B　
解析：（1）Cindy是一只猫；（2）coaxed是受到诱惑，着迷的意思；（3）作者写信的目的就是为了能得到一只克隆猫；（4）从文章中“It’s not cloning humans”及上文可推测出，这是不允许的；（5）本题考查对文章内容的归纳，认为要求是合理的原因有2个方面。
点评：这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件的之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。
四、写作
19、写作
假设你是高中生李越，有感于校园中存在的随意涂写（to scribble）和乱丢垃圾（to litter）的行为，请用英语给校长写一份封100-200词的信。信中应包括以下内容：①说明写信目的；②对这些行为进行批评；③提出建议。
注意：信的抬头、落款及信的第一句已给出（不计词数）。
July 8 ，2015
Mr．Headmaster ．
I'm Li Yue,a student from Class 1,Senior Ⅱ．
_____________________________________________________________________________
Your faithfully,
Li Yue
答案：
Mr. Headmaster,
I am Li Yue, a student from Class 1, SeniorⅡ. I am writing to draw
your attention to some improper behaviour among us students: littering
and scribbling. It makes our school dirty and unpleasant, and does harm
to the image of our school. I always feel ashamed whenever I see this. It
is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about. Iwonder
if the school could place more dustbins around and set up specificrules against
such behaviour. At the same time, students should beencouraged to develop
good habits and better behave themselves.believe that, with the joint efforts
of both teachers and students, ourschool will become a more enjoyable place
in the near future.
Thank you for your consideration.
Yours faithfully,
Li Yue
解析：试题“假设你是高中生李越，有感于校园中存在的随意涂写(to scribble) ..”主要考查你对 提纲作文 等考点的理解。提纲作文就是把文章的情景和内容要求分成块，以条目的形式列出以进行写作。第一步：审题：审题是否清楚是一篇书面表达成功与否的关键所在，在整个写作过程中起着决定性作用。第二步：抓中心，列要点，列出写作提纲：写作文时，一定要切题，抓住中心，紧扣要点。第三步：选词组句。第四步：连句成篇：根据要点选词组句，然后按照篇章结构连句成篇。第五步：复查纠错：通读全文，检查内容是否符合要求，要点是否齐全，格式是否正确，词数是否合乎要求。第六步：书写规范，卷面整洁：书面表达不仅反映在表达内容上，也反映在书面形式上。
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