人教课标版英语 Book 8 Unit3 Inventors and inventions同步训练

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人教课标版英语 Book 8 Unit3 Inventors and inventions
同步训练
一、选择题
1、---What did you hear last night
----- I seemed ______ someone knock at the door.
A. to have heard B. to be heard C. to be hearing D. having heard
答案：A
解析：句意：-你昨晚听到了什么吗？-我听到有人敲门。to have+过去分词表示在某个给定的时间之前已完成的动作。
点评：主要考查你对不定式的完成式的用法。
2、There were two children ahead, walking _______.
A. on all sides B. step by step C. side by side D. on every side
答案：C
解析：句意：前面有两个孩子肩并肩地行走。“side by side”肩并肩；on all sides 方方面面；step by step一步一步；on every side到处。
点评：考查对单词词组的熟悉和掌握。
3、To________ telling lies, he asked his friend to help him cheat his parents.
A．get rid of B．get away with C．throw away D．get down to
答案：B
解析：句意：为了逃避说谎带来的惩罚，他请他的朋友们帮助他一块欺骗他的父母。get rid of 摆脱；get away with逃避惩罚；throw away 扔掉；get down to着手处理。
点评：考查动词短语辨析。
4. You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of ______.
A. date B. shape C. order D. balance
答案：B
解析：句意：“…….坐在帽子上，帽子当然变形了”，四个选项都可以和out of连用，本题若注意语境，容易误选。
点评：考查名词辨析。
5. We thought of selling this old furniture, but we’ve decided to ______ it. I t might be valuable.
A. hold on to B. keep up with C. turn to D. look after
答案：A
解析：该题考查根据语境选择正确的短语动词.四个选项均为短语动词,但所表示的意义不同，hold on to 留着不出售； keep up with保持；turn to sb.求助某人； look after关心，照顾。
点评：考查短语辨析。
6.When the room _____ by electricity, we can see the _____ candles on students’ desks sending off heavy smoke.
A. was lighted up; lighted B. is lighted ; lit C. is lit; lighted D. lit up ; lighted
答案：C
解析：light做动词“点亮”时,过去式和过去分词是“lit”；当它做形容词“被点亮的XX”时,职能用“lighted”，还有一点,此题“we can see.”用的是一般现在时,所以前半部分也应该用现在时,所以选C
点评：考查动词辨析。
7.Do tell me the ways you think of _____ the problem as soon as possible.
A. to solve B. solving C. solve D. being solved
答案：A
解析：you think of修饰the ways做定语，solve the problem 不定式作定语。
点评：考查不定式作定语。动词不定式指由to加上动词原形（而且只能是动词原形）所构成的一种非限定性动词，但在有些情况下to可以省略。动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、
表语、定语和状语。
8. Tom look at Jenny, tears ______ his eyes, and shouted out the words ______ in his heart for years.
A. filling; having been hidden B. filled; hidden C. filling;hidden D.filled;hiding
答案：C
解析：句意：Tom看着Jenny，眼里都是眼泪，说出了多年藏在心里的话。本题第一空tears与动词fill构成主动关系，故使用现在分词的形式形成tears filling his eyes的独立主格结构。第二空的动词hide与名词words构成被动关系，故使用过去分词短语做定语修饰名词，故选C。
点评:考查独立主格结构和分词作定语用法。
9.The man ______ of shooting 6 school children was caught by Beijing police, the XINHUA News Agency reported on Friday.
A. being suspected B. suspecting C. suspected D. to be suspected
答案：C
解析： suspect与the man在逻辑上存在动宾关系，因此选C项；选项A表示被动动作正在进行；选项D表示“将被……”；都与句意不符合。
点评：本题考查非谓语动词用法。
10、I couldn’t ______ where the music was coming from. Do you know it
A. find B. discover C. work out D. work on
答案：C
解析：句意：我不知道音乐的哪里来的，你知道吗？work out ，解决；算出；弄懂，理解；想出，制定出；find 找到，discover 发现；work on从事于…; 继续工作。
点评:考查词组搭配。
11. Never in my wildest dreams _____ these people are living in such poor condition.
A.I could imagine B. could I imagine C. I couldn’t imagine D. couldn’t I imagine
答案：B
解析：句意：在我最狂乱的梦境中，我都从没有能想像到这些人正生活在这么贫穷的环境里。否定词Never放句首修饰in my wildest dreams，本句用部分倒装。对于倒装句，要明确倒装的类型。
点评：本题考查语法倒装。检查考生对倒装结构的掌握和运用能力：否定词放句首，句子用部分倒装;易于混淆：不看前面的否定词，用陈述句式。
12.Only then ______ how much damage had been caused.
A.she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize
答案：D
解析： only放在句首，修饰状语时，其后句子要用部分倒装，由时间状语then可知，要用一般过去时态，如句中没有情态动词、助动词或系动词，谓语只是一个实义动词，要在主语前加助动词do，does或did，主语后的实义动词用原形。
点评:本题考查语法倒装，检查考生对倒装结构的掌握和运用能力。
13.As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village _______ scenes of my childhood.
A. called up B. called for C. called on D.called in
答案：A
解析：call up①telephone sb给某人打电话②bring sth back to one’s mind; recall sth想器某事，回忆某事；call for要求、需求某事；call on拜访某人、恳求促使某人；call in下令收回某物。从以上分析看出符合题意的应该是A。
点评：本题考点是短语词义辨析；由于对短语意义的掌握不准，易错选其它答案。
14.The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, ________ the quality of life is probably one of the hingest.
A. since B. when C. as D. while
答案：D
解析：句意：在格拉斯哥 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com / " \t "_blank )的生活花费在英国是属于最低的，然而生活质量可能是最高的之一。 since从……开始、when当……时候、as由于；while然而
点评：本题考点是并列连词
e and see me whenever _______.
A. you are convenient B. you will be convenient
C.it is convenient to you D.it will be convenient to
答案：D
解析：句意：什么时候你方便时，过来看我。 注意Convenient 的主语永远不能是人，故排除A，C项，再根据主将从现原则，排除C项，故选D 项。题意，
点评：本题考点convenient的用法。
二、翻译
16、翻译
（1） work out
答案：计算出，制定
（2） 摆脱
答案：get rid of
（3） 着手做
答案：get down to
（4）（以防）万一
答案：in case
（5）而不是
答案：rather than
（6）全神贯注于；集中于……
答案：concentrate on
（7）使自己被别人明白
答案：make oneself understood
（8）杂乱不堪
答案：in a mess
（9）跳水，全心投入，潜心研究
答案：dive into
（10）打通电话，通过（考试），用光
答案：get through
解析：点评：本题考查对本单元词组的熟练
三、完成句子
17、完成句子
（1）这项专利是1876年发布的，但是贝尔是五天之后才跟他的助手通了第一次电话。
The parents was given in 1876，butfive days laterBell sent his frist telephone message to his assistant Waston.
答案：it was not until|that
（2）你应该学会明辨是非。
You should learn.
答案：distinguish between right and wrong
（3）这对双胞胎没有人能分辨出哪个是哪个。
The twins areno alike that.
答案：no one can distinguish one from the other
（4）我弄不清楚“above all”和“first of all”用法的不同。（汉译英）
答案：I can’t tell difference between the usages of “above all”and“first of all”.
（5）His late arrival（打扰了）our plans.
答案：messed up
解析：固定搭配it was not until…that；distinguish between right and wrong明辨是非；
点评：本题考查对本单元词组的熟练。
四、完型填空
18、完型填空
The story goes that some time ago, a man had a very lovely little daughter. One day the man （1）his 3-year-old daughter for （2） a roll of gold wrapping paper. Money was tight and he became（3）when the child tried to decorate a （4） to put under the Christmas tree. Nevertheless, the little girl brought the gift to her father the next morning and said, "This is for you, Daddy."
The man was（5）by his earlier（6）, but his anger flared again when he found out the box was（7）. He yelled at her, stating, "Don't you know, when you give someone a present, there is （8）to be something inside " The little girl looked（9）at him with tears in her eyes and cried, "Oh, Daddy, it's not empty at all. I blew kisses into the box. They are all for you, Daddy."
The father was flushed. He put his arms around his little girl, and he begged for her（10）.
（1） A. asked B. praised C. begged D. punished
答案：D
（2）A. wasting B. stealing C. selling D. holding
答案：A
（3）A. glad B. angry C. sad D. upset
答案：B
（4） A. room B. hall C. box D. ball
答案：C
（5） A. puzzled B. surprised C. scared D. embarrassed
答案：D
（6）A. overwork B. overreaction C. overcoat D. overpass
答案：B
（7） A. empty B. heavy C. full D. wet
答案：A
（8） A. happened B. seemed C. supposed D. used
答案：C
（9） A. down B. back C. up D. forward
答案：C
（10）A. forgiveness B. excuse C. satisfaction D. understanding
答案：A
解析：文章讲述了一个亲情故事，一个小女孩把装满爱的盒子作为礼物，送给了爸爸。后来，一次事故夺走了女孩的生命，爸爸与盒子相依为命，每当想女孩时，就掏出一颗爱心。文章最后升华到，每个人都应该有这样的一个盒子，珍惜身边的亲人对自己的爱。（1）考查动词辨析。根据“Money was tight”可知，家里很拮据，而小女儿却在浪费一卷金色的包装纸。爸爸因此惩罚了小女儿。A要求；B表扬；C乞求；D惩罚。故选D。（2）考查动词辨析。A浪费；B偷窃；C售卖；D握住。根据句意可知，爸爸认为，小女儿是在浪费一卷包装纸。故选A。（3）根据第二行的“but his anger ...”可知，爸爸生女儿的气了。A开心的；B生气的；C伤心的；D烦恼的。故选B。（4）根据第三段的“that gold box”可知，小女儿装饰的是一个盒子。A房间；B大厅；C盒子；D球。故选C。（5）考查形容词。A困惑的；B惊讶的；C害怕的；D尴尬的。小女孩没有介意爸爸的批评，把礼物送给了爸爸，这让爸爸为自己的过激行为感到尴尬。故选D。（6）考查名词辨析。爸爸意识到自己反应过激了。A过度工作；B过度反应；C事件；D过街天桥。故选B。（7）根据下面的“it is not empty”可知，盒子不是空的，A空的；B重的；C满的；D潮湿的。故选A。（8）考查动词辨析。A发生；B似乎；C假设，认为；D使用。Happen和seem不用于被动语态；be supposed to do sth应该......。故选C。(9)考查方位副词。A向下；B向后；C向上；D向前。小女孩没有爸爸高，肯定是仰着头看爸爸，故选C。（10）爸爸乞求女儿的原谅。A原谅；B原谅；C满意；D理解。故选A。
五、阅读理解
19、阅读理解
It is reported that conservation groups in North America have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. Some groupsbelieve wolves should be killed. Other people believe wolves must be protected so that they will not disappear from the wilderness(荒野).
For Killing Wolves
In Alaska, the wolves almost disappeared a few years ago,because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport.However, laws were established to protect the wolves from
sportsmen and people who catch the animals for their fur. So the wolf population has greatly increased. Now there are so many wolves that they are destroying their own food supply.
A wolf naturally eats animals in the deer family. People in the wilderness also hunt deer for food. Many of the animals have been destroyed by the very cold winters recently and by changes in the wilderness plant life. When the deer can't find
enough food, they die.
If the wolves continue to kill large numbers of deer, their prey(猎物)will disappear some day. And the wolves will,too. So we must change the cycle of life in the wilderness to balance the ecology. If we killed more wolves, we would save them and their prey from dying out. We'd also save some farm animals.
In another northern state, wolves attack cows and chickens for food. Farmers want the government to send biologists to study the problem. They believe it necessary to kill wolves in some areas and to protect them in places where there is a small
wolf population.
Against Killing Wolves
If you had lived long ago, you would have heard many different stories about the dangerous wolf. According to most stories, hungry wolves often kill people for food. Even today,the stories of the "big bad wolf" will not disappear.
But the fact is wolves are afraid of people. and they seldom travel in areas where there is a human smell. When wolves eat other animals, they usually kill the very young, or the sick and injured. The strongest survive. No kind of animal would have
survived through the centuries if the weak members had lived. And has always been a law of nature.
Although some people say it is good sense to kill wolves, we say it is nonsense! Researchers have found wolves and their prey living in balance. The wolves keep the deer population from becoming too large, and that keeps a balance in the wilderness plant life.
The real problem is that the areas where wolves can liveare being used by people. Even if wilderness land is not used directly for human needs. The wolves can't always find enough food. So they travel to the nearest source, which is often afarm.Then there is danger. The "big bad wolf" has arrived!And everyone knows what happens next.
（1） According to the passage, some people in North America favor killing wolves for all the following reasons EXCEPT that____.
A. there are too many wolves
B. they kill large numbers deer
C. they attack cows and chickens for food
D. they destroy the wilderness plant life
答案：D
（2）Some people are against killing wolves because .
A. wolves help to keep the ecological balance in the wilderness
B. there is too small a wolf population in the wilderness
C. there are too many deer in the wilderness
D. wolves are afraid of people and never attack people
答案：A
（3）According to those against killing wolves, when wolves eat other animals,____ .
A. they never eat strong and healthy ones
B. they always go against the law of nature
C. they might help this kind of animals survive in nature
D. they disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness
答案：C
（4）The last sentence "And everyone knows what happens next. " implies that in such cases ____.
A. farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away
B. wolves will kill people and people will in turn kill them
C. wolves will find enough food sources on farms
D. people will leave the areas where wolves can live
答案：B
解析：本篇阅读为：健康环保类阅读。（1）细节理解题。从For Killing Wolves部分看出：第一段最后一句说明狼多是猎狼的原因之一，A项正确；第二段和第三段说明狼杀死大量的鹿是猎狼的原因之一，B项正确；第四段说明狼袭击农民的牛和鸡是猎狼的原因之一，C项正确。由此可知答案为D项，文章没有说明作为食肉动物的狼对野生植物的破坏程度。（2）问题：很多人杀害狼的原因是什么？根据Against Killing Wolves这节可以判断出，狼并没有破坏生态的平衡，故选A。（3）根据反对杀害狼的人们，they might help this kind of animals survive in nature他们可能有助于这种动物在自然界中生存，（4）最后一句话”,每个人都知道接下来会发生什么。”意味着在这种情况下,狼会杀人,人们就会反过来杀了他们。
点评：阅读策略：①概要：阅完材料后，将所阅材料浓缩，摘要，做出所阅材料的书面或口头梗概。 ②组织(Organization)：阅读后根据阅读内容，识别观点、人物、事件之间的关系以及文章的结构关系。如：时间关系、比较或对比关系、相关关系及因果关系等。
六、写作题
2009年秋季，北京大学公布了39所高中学校的校长具有资格推荐其学生不用参加高考而升入北大。对此,“中学生英语报”组织了一场讨论。请你根据下表所提供的信息，介绍讨论情况，并说明自己的观点。
支 持 反 对 你的观点
有助于推选具有综合能力和特长的学生。
2、逐渐改变目前单一的高考选拔模式。 1．对其他学生不公平。
2．校长权利太大，不好监
控。 ……
注意：1．词数120左右。
2．可以适当增减细节，以使行文连贯。
3．开头语已为你写好，不计词数。入学：enrollment
Last autumn , Peking University released a name list of 39 high school principles who are recognized to recommend their students to be enrolled without taking national college entrance examination.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：Some people think that it is a good experiment ．They agree that it helps to recommend the students with comprehensive abilities and specialties and it can free some students from dealing with all sorts of tests．Besides, it can gradually change the current single college enrollment method by a national exam.
On the other hand , some people oppose it．They hold the view that it is unfair to the rest of the students, and in some ways, high school principles’ rights are far from regulation now．They are afraid that something against law will occur among their practice .
In my opinion, I think that it is an experiment of enrollment reform and it provides us with two channels to find out a more reasonable measure in college students enrollments．It is really worth trying .
解析：主要考查你对 小作文，提纲作文，图表作文，图画作文 等考点的理解。题型：写作题，作文多指便条、请假条等，在写作的时候要注意文章的格式（称呼、正文、签名、日期）。
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